Individual cells in the nervous system that receive, integrate,
and transmit information.
Slide 3
The human brain has about 100 billion neurons. The adult human
brain weighs about 3 pounds (1,300-1,400 g).
Slide 4
Neurons multiply at a rate 250,000 neurons/minute during early
pregnancy. Day 40 Brain waves are recordable!
Slide 5
Slide 6
Dendrites= the branching extensions of a neuron that receives
info. and conduct impulses toward the cell body (into the
neuron).
Slide 7
Nucleus: part of the neuron that contains chromosomes (genetic
material).
Slide 8
Cell body a.k.a Soma= part of a cell which contains the nucleus
and other parts that keep the cell healthy.
Slide 9
Myelin Sheath= Fatty substance that surrounds MOST axons.
Speeds up conduction velocity of action potentials. Loss of myelin
is one of the main causes of Multiple Sclerosis.
Slide 10
Node of Ranvier: Gaps in the myelination of axons.
Slide 11
Axon= a neurons extending fiber, which conducts impulses away
from the cell body and transmits to other neurons, muscle or gland
cells.
Slide 12
Axon terminals (a.k.a Synaptic terminal, and terminal buttons)=
endpoint of a neuron where neurotransmitters (discussed soon) are
stored.
Slide 13
Slide 14
Neurons have the ability to change---to make new connections or
to strengthen old ones. Examples: learning Violin player gains
expertise, the motor area linked to the fingers of the left hand
becomes larger (Juliano, 1998).
Slide 15
The network of nerve cells for communicating and processing
information from within and outside the body
Slide 16
Consists of the brain and spinal cord. Can be compared to a
computerprocessing center Regulates EVERYTHING in your body.
Slide 17
Enables you to think, plan, and create. Regulate life
processes. A series of 22 fused bones protect the brain. The adult
human brain weighs about 3 pounds. The brain devotes huge amounts
of neural circuitry to the hands, lips, feet and tongue. Your brain
uses about 12 watts of powera fraction of the energy of a household
lightbulb.
Slide 18
A column of nerves nearly as thick as your thumb. Extension of
the brain. Cord is a neural pathway that transmits info. b/w the
brain and the peripheral nervous system. Receives incoming info.
From your sense organs. Carries outgoing commands from the brain to
muscles, glands, and organs. There are about 13,500,000 neurons in
the human spinal cord.
Slide 19
A reflex controlled at the level of the spinal cord, a reflex
that bypasses the brain. Examples: jerk your knee when it is
tapped, pull your hand away from a burning surface, or blink when a
gust of wind sent particles of debris hurtling toward your
eyeballs.
Slide 20
The nervous system that connects the spinal cord and brain with
the sensory organs, muscles, and glands.
Slide 21
Transmits messages b/w your central nervous system and your
sensory organs and muscles. It helps your muscles to contract in
response to an INTENTIONAL command. A.K.A. Skeletal nervous
system
Slide 22
Controls internal bodily processes as heartbeat, respiration,
digestion, blood vessels and glands. Automatically You can control
SOME of these functions, ex. Intentionally breathing more rapidly
or slowly. Divided into two divisions: Sympathetic Nervous System
and the Parasympathetic Nervous System
Slide 23
Speeds up bodily processes and draws energy from stored
reserves. Accelerates your heart rate and breathing Provides more
fuel/energy for the body by releasing glucose Strong emotions, such
as anxiety, fear, or anger. +Accelerator in a car
Slide 24
Regulates bodily processes, such as digestion. Converts food
into glucose Conserve energy by SLOWING DOWN bodily processes such
as heart rate, breathing, etc. Engaged when you are relaxing or
digesting a meal. +breaks in a car
