PROTESTANT ENGLANDPROTESTANT ENGLANDAND ITS AND ITS

GROWING EMPIREGROWING EMPIRE

The Protestant ReformationThe Protestant ReformationMartin LutherMartin LutherJohn CalvinJohn CalvinHenry VIIIHenry VIII

Queen ElizabethQueen ElizabethRoanoke IslandRoanoke Island

The Protestant ReformationThe Protestant Reformation• Martin Luther: 1517 and the 95 thesesMartin Luther: 1517 and the 95 theses

– Protested Catholic corruption, wealth, powerProtested Catholic corruption, wealth, power– Translated Bible into GermanTranslated Bible into German– God’s grace, not Priest, path to salvation.God’s grace, not Priest, path to salvation.

• John Calvin: GenevaJohn Calvin: Geneva– Predestination, the “Elect.”Predestination, the “Elect.”

• Protestant EthicProtestant Ethic– Individualistic, democraticIndividualistic, democratic– Hard Work, Thrift, TemperanceHard Work, Thrift, Temperance– Max Weber:Prot. Ethic and Spirit of Max Weber:Prot. Ethic and Spirit of

CapitalismCapitalism

Martin LutherMartin Luther

Wittenberg Church: 1517Wittenberg Church: 1517

Protestant England ExpandsProtestant England Expands

• Henry VIII: divorces Catherine of AragonHenry VIII: divorces Catherine of Aragon• Starts Church of England: 1534Starts Church of England: 1534

– Protestant w/ many Catholic ceremoniesProtestant w/ many Catholic ceremonies– Puritans / Separatist want pure Puritans / Separatist want pure

Protestantism Protestantism • Queen Elizabeth: Head of ChurchQueen Elizabeth: Head of Church

– Sir Francis Drake, “The Sea Dog”Sir Francis Drake, “The Sea Dog”– Wins war with Spanish Armada (1588)Wins war with Spanish Armada (1588)– England tries to take over IrelandEngland tries to take over Ireland

Henry VIII: 1534Henry VIII: 1534

Elizabeth I: 1558-1603Elizabeth I: 1558-1603

England and the New WorldEngland and the New World• John Cabot explores Newfoundland 1497John Cabot explores Newfoundland 1497

– Sebastian Cabot: Hudson Bay 1508Sebastian Cabot: Hudson Bay 1508• England claims North AmericaEngland claims North America

– Elizabeth avoids American colonizationElizabeth avoids American colonization• Push/Pull from England 1580-1650: popPush/Pull from England 1580-1650: pop

– explosion, city poverty, primogenitor, explosion, city poverty, primogenitor, religious freedom, land, escape troubles, religious freedom, land, escape troubles, new lifenew life

• Propaganda: Richard Hakluyt: get richPropaganda: Richard Hakluyt: get rich• Roanoke Island: Sir Walter RaleighRoanoke Island: Sir Walter Raleigh

– First colony failsFirst colony fails– Second colony vanishes 1590Second colony vanishes 1590

Roanoke Island: South Roanoke Island: South CarolinaCarolina

Roanoke Mystery: Roanoke Mystery: