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reduction Grammar • present simple and present continuous
Welcome Listening 1 a L o o k a t t h e p i c t u r e . W h a t d o y o u t h i n k i s
h a p p e n i n g ?
b ф L i s t e n . C h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r s .
1 W h o are the people?
Carlos Paul Tamas Maria Bob Holly
2 W h e r e is the visitor from?
Hungary the U S A the Czech Republic
2 ® L i s t e n a g a i n a n d a n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
1 H o w long is the visitor going to be in England?
2 W h e r e is he staying?
3 W h e r e does the visitor live?
4 H o w long has he been in England?
5 Did he have a good journey?
6 H o w did he travel?
Everyday English Asking for clarification
a W h a t d o e s T a m a s s a y w h e n h e d o e s n ' t
u n d e r s t a n d ? C o m p l e t e t h e e x p r e s s i o n s .
1 P ?
2 W h a t 'whereabouts' ?
3 How do you
4 I'm I don't
that w o r d ?
5 Can you that, please?
b ® Listen a g a i n a n d check.
4 a W h e n s o m e o n e d o e s n ' t u n d e r s t a n d , y o u c a n
t r y t o s a y t h i n g s i n a d i f f e r e n t w a y . M a t c h t h e
q u e s t i o n s w i t h similar m e a n i n g s .
( How long have \y you been here?
How long are you going to stay?
What do you think of England?
Is this your first visit to England?
When are you going home?
Have you been to England before?
How was your journey?
Did you have a good journey?
Whereabouts are you from?
Where do you live?
When did you arrive?
Do you like it here?
Did you come by plane?
b W o r k w i t h a partner. S t u d e n t A , a s k
q u e s t i o n s . S t u d e n t B , c h o o s e s o m e i d e a s f r o m
1-6 b e l o w . M a k e d i a l o g u e s . U s e t h e e x p r e s s i o n s
in e x e r c i s e s 3a a n d 4a.
1 This is your second I third visit to England.
2 You travelled by train I plane.
3 You've been here a week I just one day.
4 You're going to stay for one week I a month.
5 You're staying in a hotel I with a friend.
6 You think England is great I a bit cold.
с C h a n g e roles a n d m a k e n e w d i a l o g u e s u s i n g
t h e o t h e r c u e s f r o m e x e r c i s e 4b.
Comprehension Grammar a L o o k a t t h e pictures. W h a t a r e t h e b o y s d o i n g ?
b ® R e a d a n d l isten t o t h e t e x t s . A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
1 W h a t does Bob's class normally do at this t ime?
2 W h a t is happening today?
3 W h y does he have to be careful in the street?
4 W h a t is Tamas eating?
5 W h a t does he normally have for breakfast?
B O B It's Tuesday afternoon.
Mr Simons usually teaches
us Geography at this time,
but he isn't teaching the
lesson today. Tamas is giving
a talk to our class instead.
Tamas lives in Hungary,
but he's staying with me
in Oxford for a couple of
weeks. My friends think
Tamas is great. They w a n t to
know about his country and
about his time here.
T A M A S In this photo,
Bob and I are waiting
for a bus. At home I
usually take a tram to
school or into the city
centre, but there aren't
any trams in Oxford.
And people drive on
the left here, so I have
to be very careful
when I cross the street.
We drive on the right
in Hungary.
T A M A S In this photo I'm sitting in
Bob's kitchen. It's Sunday morning
and we're having a traditional
English breakfast of bacon and
eggs with fried mushrooms and
tomatoes. Bob says that he only has
a big, cooked breakfast on Sundays,
but I never have one in Hungary. At
home I always eat salami or cheese
with green peppers for breakfast. I
ike bacon and eggs, but I prefer my
normal breakfast.
Present simple and present continuous
б a C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s f r o m t h e
us Geography
_ the lesson
t e x t .
Mr Simons usually _
at this time, but he
today.
b W h a t a r e t h e t w o t e n s e s ?
с F i n d e x a m p l e s o f t h e s e v e r b s i n t h e
t e x t s . W h a t t e n s e a r e t h e y i n ?
like w a n t prefer think have to
C o m p l e t e w h a t T a m a s s a y s . P u t t h e
v e r b s i n b r a c k e t s i n t o t h e c o r r e c t
t e n s e .
.1
SI
1 1 (enjoy) my time with Bob's
family. In this photo we 2 (sit) in
the kitchen. We 3 (watch) TV and
we 4 (eat) fish and chips. Bob and
his family always 5 (have) fish and
chips on Friday evening. Bob usually 6 (go) to the fish and chip shop to
get them. 1 7 (like) fish and chips.
1 8 (prefer) them to burgers. We 9 (not have) fish and chip shops
in my country. There's something else that's
different in my country. You can't see this in
the photo, but 1 1 0 (wear) shoes.
1 1 1 (think) that's strange. In my
country people always 1 2 (take off)
their shoes w h e n they 1 3 (go) into
a house or flat, but here most people don't.
Г
What do you like?
Vocabulary Sport: places and equipment
1 a M a t c h t h e s p o r t s to t h e p l a c e s .
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
footbal l hockey r u g b y j
golf
tennis badminton
basketball volleybal
bowling
^ boxing wrestling
athletics motor racing
J
swimming J
f ice hockey skating J
a court
a pool
a track
a rink
a pitch
a course
an alley
a ring
b C h e c k y o u r i d e a s in a dict ionary,
с W h i c h s p o r t s u s e t h i s e q u i p m e n t ?
3 a racket 4 clubs
5 a bat 6 a stick
7 a shuttlecock 8 a puck
d W o r k w i t h a partner. S t u d e n t A , d e s c r i b e
a p l a c e or p i e c e of e q u i p m e n t t h a t ' s u s e d f o r
a s p o r t . Y o u m u s t n ' t m e n t i o n t h e s p o r t itself.
S t u d e n t B , t r y t o g u e s s w h a t i t is.
A It isn't very big. There are white lines round it
and it's got a net in the middle.
В It's a tennis court.
A No, it's indoors and the net is quite high.
В Is it a badminton court?
A Yes, it is.
Reading and listening 2 W h a t s p o r t s d o y o u p l a y o r w a t c h ? D o y o u
e n j o y t h e m ? W h a t o t h e r t h i n g s d o y o u d o i n
y o u r f r e e t i m e ?
3 a ® R e a d a n d l isten t o w h a t t h e s e p e o p l e s a y
a b o u t s p o r t . C o m p l e t e t h e t e x t s .
b W h i c h o p i n i o n d o y o u a g r e e w i t h m o s t ?
Sport? Well, I love playing
I play two or three times a week in summer. It's great fun. I enjoy
, too. But I'm not interested in other sports very much.
I'm really into sport. I play. for
the school team on Saturday mornings. I do , too. I like to keep fit, so I
\^go a couple of times a week.
I can't stand sport. I think it's boring. I hate playing at school. It's always cold and muddy, but we have
to do it. In my free time I like going . / adore looking at all the
clothes and trying them on.
I don't mind sport. I like playing
with my mates, but I'm not 3CM
very good at it. I prefer watching it on TV. I know it isn't really a sport, but I
\ really like playing
6
Everyday English Likes and dislikes
4 a F ind all t h e e x p r e s s i o n s in t h e s p e e c h b u b b l e s
f o r e x p r e s s i n g l ikes a n d disl ikes. P u t t h e m i n a
c h a r t l ike this.
©
©
©
/ love playing tennis.
b C h o o s e t w o e x p r e s s i o n s f r o m e a c h p a r t o f
t h e c h a r t . W r i t e s e n t e n c e s a b o u t y o u r s e l f .
/ love chatting on the Internet.
Speaking 5 H o w d o y o u f e e l a b o u t t h e s e a c t i v i t i e s ? A s k a n d
a n s w e r w i t h a partner. U s e t h e e x p r e s s i o n s i n
e x e r c i s e 4.
• Do you like shopping?
° Yes, I love it. It's fun. I No, I can't stand it.
1 shopping 2 computer games
3 a T h i n k o f s o m e m o r e q u e s t i o n s t h a t y o u c a n
ask a b o u t y o u r p a r t n e r ' s l ikes a n d disl ikes.
Why do I don't you like it?
How often do you ... ?
What are your favourite ... ?
b A s k y o u r p a r t n e r a b o u t t h e a c t i v i t i e s i n
e x e r c i s e 5 a g a i n . This t i m e a s k t h e f o l l o w - u p
q u e s t i o n s f r o m e x e r c i s e 6a.
• Do you like water sports?
° Yes, I love them. They're great.
• What is your favourite water sport?
° I like windsurfing.
• How often do you go windsurfing?
° / usually go every Sunday afternoon in the
summer.
• Do you go windsurfing in the winter, too?
о No, I don't. It's too cold.
• Where...?
с J o i n w i t h a n o t h e r pair. Tell t h e o t h e r pair
a b o u t y o u r partner.
Sam loves water sports. His favourite water
sport is windsurfing. He goes windsurfing every
Sunday afternoon in summer. He ...
Pronunciation
Diphthongs
a D i p h t h o n g s consist o f m o r e t h a n o n e
s o u n d . W h i c h o f t h e s e w o r d s c o n t a i n
d i p h t h o n g s ? M a t c h t h e m t o t h e s y m b o l s .
dance name thing w h a t like noise
d o w n hot pure cup soon those
w e r e where hear ten
1 /аи/
2 /еэ/
3 / и /
4 Ы
5 Ы
6 Ы
1 /эи/
8 /из/
b ф L i s t e n , c h e c k a n d r e p e a t .
с G i v e o n e e x a m p l e o f a n o t h e r w o r d f o r
e a c h o f t h e d i p h t h o n g s .
7 water sports 8 roller coasters
1 Problems Grammar • talking about the past * present perfect • past simple and past continuous • articles
Beth's party Comprehension
1 ® R e a d a n d l isten to t h e story. W h y is B e t h in t r o u b l e ?
It's Friday evening. Beth's parents are going a w a y for the w e e k e n d . They're going to a w e d d i n g . Beth has invited all her friends to her house for a party, but she hasn't told her parents.
I'm really sorry, Beth. I've broken
this china dog. I knocked it with my hand while I
was dancing.
2 A r e t h e s t a t e m e n t s t r u e o r f a l s e o r d o e s n ' t i t s a y ?
1 Beth's parents are going to Scotland.
2 They don't know that Beth has planned a party.
3 Beth phones her friends before her parents
have left.
4 Bob- has never had a party at his house.
5 The china dog is a hundred years old.
6 Holly sees the car first.
7 Beth's friends all hide in the garden.
8 The wedding present is a toaster.
Grammar Talking about the past
3 a C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s f r o m t h e story.
I this china dog. I it with
my hand while I
b W h i c h v e r b is in:
the past simple?
the past continuous?
the present perfect?
С Find m o r e e x a m p l e s of e a c h t e n s e in t h e story.
Present perfect
4 C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s f r o m t h e story.
We use the present perfect for:
1 experiences up to n o w
My parents me in the house
on my o w n for a w e e k e n d .
2 a past event with an effect in the present
A red car outside.
3 a time period that comes up to the present
It in the family since the 1930s.
5 a M a k e s e n t e n c e s . W h a t d o y o u t h i n k h a s
h a p p e n e d s i n c e B e t h ' s p a r t y ? U s e t h e c u e s .
Beth's been to school.
She hasn't had another party.
1 Beth / go to school
2 She / have another party
3 Her parents / ground her
4 She / w a t c h TV
5 Beth and her friends / clean the house
6 Rich / repair the dog
7 Beth and her friends / go to the cinema
8 Her parents / stop her pocket money
b W o r k w i t h a partner. A s k a n d a n s w e r .
• Has she been to school?
° Yes, she has.
Past simple and past continuous
б a C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s f r o m t h e story.
d o w n the motorway, your Whi le w e
mum suddenly
w e and
the wedding present. So
b W h a t t e n s e s a r e t h e v e r b s i n ? W h e n d o w e
u s e e a c h t e n s e ?
7 C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s . U s e t h e p a s t s i m p l e o r
t h e p a s t c o n t i n u o u s .
1 Holly was looking out of the w i n d o w w h e n
she (see) a car outside the house.
She (tell) Beth and everybody
(run) to the kitchen.
2 W h e n Beth (open) the front door,
her parents (get) out of the car.
W h e n they (reach) the house, Beth
(wait) for them.
3 Beth's friends (hide) in the kitchen
w h e n her mum (come) in. She w a s
very surprised w h e n she (see) all the
teenagers there.
Listening and speaking
8 a ® L i s t e n to M a r c u s a n d S a n d y t a l k i n g to a
D J . W h a t h a s e a c h o f t h e m d o n e ?
b ф L i s t e n a g a i n . W h i c h t h i n g s d o e s e a c h
p e r s o n t a l k a b o u t ? W r i t e M o r 5 .
a helicopter
an aeroplane
a ghost
a bike
a party
a UFO
the lottery
the tide
с D e s c r i b e w h a t h a p p e n e d . A n s w e r t h e
q u e s t i o n s .
1 W h a t has the person done?
2 W h a t w e r e they doing at the time?
3 W h a t happened?
4 H o w did the person feel?
d P h o n e t h e D J w i t h y o u r o w n story. U s e the
q u e s t i o n s i n e x e r c i s e 8 c t o h e l p y o u .
9
Bullying
Vocabulary Describing people
1 a L o o k a t t h e a d j e c t i v e s . W h a t
d o t h e y d e s c r i b e ? W r i t e a f o r
a p p e a r a n c e or с f o r character. U s e a
d i c t i o n a r y t o h e l p .
a R e a d t e x t 1 a g a i n . Tick ( / ) t h e t h i n g s t h e bul l ies d i d .
1 punched him 5 called him names
2 w e n t to his house б pulled his hair
3 asked for money 7 sent text messages
4 stole his trainers 8 kicked him
angry с helpful quiet
plain nice gorgeous
confident generous overweight
popular careful shy
slim horrible well-built
pretty ugly mean
friendly handsome honest
stupid cheerful funny
b W h a t o t h e r w o r d s a n d
e x p r e s s i o n s d o y o u k n o w f o r
d e s c r i b i n g p e o p l e ? A d d t h e m t o t h e
lists.
с D e s c r i b e t h e s e p e o p l e .
a famous person that you like
a famous person that you don't like
the ideal friend
the least ideal friend
the ideal boyfriend / girlfriend
Reading 2 L o o k a t t h e t e x t s a n d t h e p i c t u r e .
A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
1 W h a t is bullying?
2 Do you think all schools have this
problem?
3 ф R e a d a n d l isten to t h e t e x t s .
W h i c h o f t h e s e t o p i c s d o t h e y t a l k
a b o u t ? M a t c h t h e t o p i c s t o t h e
t e x t s .
a W h a t is a typical bully like? _
b W h a t should schools do about it? _
с W h o are typical victims? —
d A typical story about bullying _
e I w a s a bully. —
f H o w big is the problem? _
10 1
Bullying is a big problem in many schools. Read our special report.
Toby w a s a typical victim of bullying. This is his story.
We moved house last year, so I had to go to a new school. In my
class, there were three boys who were real bullies. Everybody
was afraid of them. On my second day they came up to me after
РЕ. I had a new pair of trainers, which were a birthday present
from my grandparents. At first, the boys were very nice to me
and they said that they liked my trainers. Then their leader said:
'I need some new trainers. I think I'll have these.' I tried to grab
them back, but the other boys pushed me against a hedge. They
punched and kicked me. I told my parents that I lost my trainers.
A few days later, the boys asked me for some money. I gave
it to them because I didn't want to be beaten up again. Every
week after that, they asked for something. If I didn't give it to
them, they used to hit me. I hated going to school, but they even
reached me at home. They used to send text messages to my
mobile phone - things like: 'We'll see you tomorrow at break
time. Don't forget the money.'
Luckily, my mum saw one of these texts and I told her everything.
The next day she went to the school to see the headmaster. He
called the bullies into his office, and he talked to some other kids
in my class, too. In the end, two of the bullies were expelled from
the school.
Things have been OK since they left and I haven't had any more
text messages. I've seen the two boys who were expelled in the
town, too, but they haven't done anything. I saw them in town
yesterday, in fact, but they just ignored me. I was a bit worried
about that at first. I'm glad my mum found out about it. If you
keep it to yourself, the bullies will just carry on.
b R e a d t e x t s 2 - 4 . C o p y t h e c h a r t . P u t t h e w o r d s
a n d p h r a s e s i n t h e c o r r e c t c o l u m n .
intelligent quiet n e w at the school popular
different not part of a group good-looking
fat have lots of friends small fashion leaders
wear glasses
Bul l ies Vict ims
quiet
One in ten pupils in secondary schools is
bullied.
With boys, bullying is usually physical.
With girls it's often verbal. But words hurt,
too.
Bullies often use text messages and the
Internet to reach victims even when they
aren't at school. This is called 'cyber-
bullying'.
• Every year about ten young people kill
themselves because they are bullied at
school.
Most victims are kids who are different in
some way. This might be because they:
• are a different colour or religion
• are very small, fat or have red hair
• wear glasses
• are new at a school
• are naturally quiet or shy
• Prefer to be on their own rather than part of a group. v
A typical bully isn't a big, ugly kid that
nobody likes. In fact the opposite is often
true:
• Bullies are usually popular and have a lot
of friends.
• They aren't stupid. In fact, bullies are
often very intelligent.
• They are usually good-looking and
popular with the opposite sex.
• They wear fashionable clothes. Bullies
are often the fashion leaders in a school.
• A lot of bullies have also been bullied
themselves.
Grammar: present perfect and past simple
We use the present perfect for an unspecified time up
to now.
I've seen the two boys who were expelled, but
they haven't done anything.
We use the past simple for a specific time in the past.
/ saw them in town yesterday, in fact, but they
just ignored me.
Listening and speaking
5 ® L i s t e n t o t w o m o r e s t o r i e s a b o u t b u l l y i n g
a n d c o m p l e t e t h e c h a r t .
Elsie C o n n o r
1 W h y w e r e they bullied?
2 W h o w e r e the bullies?
3 W h a t did the bullies d o ?
4 W h a t did the victims do?
5 W h a t has happened since?
6 a W o r k in a g r o u p . Discuss t h e q u e s t i o n s .
1 Do you think the stories are typical?
2 W h a t should people do about bullying?
b P r e s e n t y o u r i d e a s t o t h e class.
Pronunciation
Schwa/э/
7 a D o e s t h e f i n a l s y l l a b l e o f t h e s e w o r d s
h a v e t h e / э / s o u n d o r n o t ? C o p y t h e c h a r t .
P u t t h e w o r d s i n t h e c o r r e c t c o l u m n .
ugly parent popular stupid boring
intelligent pretty gorgeous handsome
party pocket famous leader message
bully attractive
/ э / No / э /
parent ugly
L i s t e n , c h e c k a n d r e p e a t .
с W h i c h s p e l l i n g s u s u a l l y h a v e t h e / э /
s o u n d ?
There's something wzong
Vocabulary Problems
1 a L o o k a t t h e pictures. N a m e t h e o b j e c t s .
It's b e n t . It's t h e w r o n g size. It isn't s w i t c h e d o n . It's s c r a t c h e d . It's t o r n .
It's j a m m e d / stuck. It's b u r n t . It's d e a d . It's d a m a g e d . It's f l a t .
It's missing. It's c r a c k e d . It's m a k i n g a f u n n y noise. It isn't p l u g g e d in.
с
b ф Listen. M a t c h t h e expressions to t h e pictures
Test y o u r m e m o r y . L o o k a t t h e p i c t u r e s a n d t h e e x p r e s s i o n s
f o r a m i n u t e . S t u d e n t A , c l o s e y o u r b o o k . S t u d e n t B, a s k
q u e s t i o n s a b o u t w h a t ' s w r o n g w i t h t h e t h i n g s .
В What's wrong with the mobile phone?
A The battery's dead.
Grammar: articles Pronunciation 1 A singular noun normally has:
- an article: a / a n , t h e
- a determiner: th is / t h a t
- a possessive adjective: my, your, etc.
We use an indefinite article for a general statement.
What's this? It's a mobile phone.
We use a definite article for a specific thing.
What's wrong with the mobile phone?
(i.e. the mobile phone in the picture)
The battery's dead. (i.e. the battery in the phone)
Silent letters
3 a Circle t h e s i l e n t l e t t e r s in t h e
w o r d s .
(Jyjong which receipt knock
climb Wednesday know write
answer w h o bomb chemistry
b ® L i s t e n , c h e c k a n d r e p e a t .
12 1
Listening Everyday English 4 a ® L i s t e n to t h e d i a l o g u e s in t w o d i f f e r e n t
s h o p s . A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
1 W h a t did the person buy?
2 What 's the problem?
b ф Listen a g a i n . C o m p l e t e t h e d i a l o g u e s .
A = A S S I S T A N T С = C U S T O M E R
1
A Can 1 1 ?
с Yes, I bought these 2 yesterday.
They're a present for my dad, but they're 3
A W o u l d you like to exchange them or have a
refund?
с I'd like to exchange them, please.
A OK. W h a t 4 do you w a n t ?
с Ten, please ... if you've got it.
A Just a moment. . . Yes, here you are. Size ten.
с Thank you very much.
A 5 I hope your father likes them.
с Thanks. Bye.
A Goodbye.
2
A Can I help you?
с Yes, I bought this 1 on Saturday, but
there's something wrong with it.
A I'm sorry about that. What 's 2 ?
с I t 's 3
A Oh, I see. W o u l d you like to 4 ?
с No. Could I have a refund, please?
A 5 Have you got the receipt?
с Yes, here you are.
A O K . 6 That's £26.50.
с Thank you. Bye.
A Goodbye.
5 A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
1 W h o is the present for?
2 W h e n did the girl buy it?
3 W h a t is the correct size?
4 W h e n did the boy buy the DVD player?
5 W h o asks to see a receipt? W h y ?
6 H o w much is the refund?
£ W o r k w i t h a partner . R e a d t h e d ia logues .
Talking about a problem
7 a C o m p l e t e t h e express ions w i t h t h e s e w o r d s .
refund moment wrong exchange receipt help
1 Can I you?
2 Wou ld you like to them?
3 There's something with it.
4 Could I have a , please?
5 Have you got the ?
6 Just a
b W h o says each express ion - t h e c u s t o m e r or
t h e ass is tan t?
Speaking 3 W o r k w i t h a partner . M a k e d i a l o g u e s fo r
s i tuat ions 1-4.
1 You ordered a pizza to take away, but it's burnt.
2 You bought a calculator this morning, but it isn't
working.
3 You bought some batteries yesterday, but they're
the wrong size.
4 You bought a shirt on Saturday, but it's torn.
Q a W o r k in a g r o u p of th ree . R e a d t h e s i tua t ion .
Decide w h a t h a p p e n s next. W r i t e a p lay a b o u t it.
В is staying at A's house for the w e e k e n d . It's late
at night and A and В have just come home from a
party. A tries to put the key in the door, but it's bent
and w o n ' t go in. В offers to try. He / She pushes the
key into the lock, but it gets jammed. A and В try to
get it out, but the key breaks in the lock. В suggests
that they knock on the door, but A doesn't want to,
because his / her parents are already in bed. They see
that an upstairs w i n d o w is open and decide to climb
in. Just then, a policeman comes past.
Г"
КЗ A Christmas Carol
Extensive reading 1 a L o o k a t t h e pictures. W h o i s t h e m a i n
c h a r a c t e r ? Find his n a m e i n t h e story.
b W h a t i s h a p p e n i n g i n e a c h p i c t u r e ?
с W h a t d o y o u t h i n k t h e s t o r y i s a b o u t ?
2 ® R e a d a n d l isten t o t h e story. P u t t h e p i c t u r e s
in t h e c o r r e c t order.
a M a t c h t h e n a m e s t o t h e d e s c r i p t i o n s .
1 Bob Cratchit a Scrooge's fiancee
2 Fred b Scrooge's partner
3 Jacob Marley с Bob's son
4 Belle d Scrooge's nephew
5 Tiny Tim e Scrooge's clerk
b F i n d t h e p e o p l e i n t h e pictures.
4 A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
1 W h a t were the three spirits called?
2 W h a t did each spirit show Scrooge?
3 W h y did Marley's ghost visit Scrooge?
4 W h a t w a s Marley like w h e n he w a s alive?
5 W h y didn't Scrooge marry Belle?
6 W h y w a s Scrooge ashamed w h e n he saw the
Cratchits' Christmas?
7 W h o w a s 'the dead man'?
8 W h y w a s the boy in the street surprised?
5 a H o w d i d S c r o o g e c h a n g e a f t e r t h e spir i ts'
v i s i t ? C o p y a n d c o m p l e t e t h e c h a r t .
B e f o r e A f t e r
He didn't pay Bob We doubled Bob's
much money. wages.
b W h a t i s t h e m o r a l o f t h e s t o r y ?
£ a W o r k in a g r o u p . C h o o s e o n e or t w o of t h e
scenes f r o m t h e story. W r i t e t h e d i a l o g u e .
h A r t \ /nnr c r p n p k l
is one of the most popular stories about Christmas of all time. It was written by Charles Dickens in 1843 and was an instant success. Since then it has been adapted many times for the theatre, cinema and television.
It was Christmas Eve, and Ebenezer Scrooge was sitting
in his cold, miserable office. In the next room, his clerk,
Bob Cratchit, was working. Cratchit's office didn't have a
fire, so it was even colder than his boss's.
'Merry Christmas, Uncle!' cried a happy voice. It was
Scrooge's nephew, Fred.
'Bah, humbug!' said Scrooge. He was a mean, cold-hearted
old man and he hated Christmas. Fred invited him for
dinner on Christmas Day, but Scrooge didn't think people
should celebrate, so he refused.
As Fred was leaving, two gentlemen came to the office. They
were collecting money for the poor, but Scrooge said he
didn't believe in giving money to people who didn't work -
even at Christmas.
When the time came to close the office, Scrooge spoke to his clerk.
'I suppose you want a day off tomorrow'
'If you don't mind, sir.'
'Well, I do mind. Why should I pay you for a day's work,
when you don't do anything? But I suppose you must have
it.' With that, Scrooge went home to his cold, dark house.
That night, as Scrooge was eating a bowl of soup, he heard a
strange noise. He heard someone pulling some heavy chains
across the floor. Suddenly, a ghost walked straight through
his door. It was Jacob Marley, Scrooge's old business partner.
'Marley!' cried Scrooge, 'But you died seven years ago.'
'Yes,' said the ghost, 'And for seven years I have carried these
chains that I made in my lifetime. I cannot rest, because I
was never good or generous when I was alive.'
'But why are you here?' said Scrooge. What do you want?'
'I am here to warn you, Ebenezer. You still have a chance to
save yourself. Three spirits will visit you tonight. Remember
what I have told you.'
With that, the ghost disappeared through the window.
Scrooge ran to the window and looked out. The air was full
of spirits, all carrying chains and crying sadly.
Scrooge closed the window and went to bed. He fell asleep
quickly, but, just as Marleys ghost said, three spirits visited
Scrooge that night. Each one took Scrooge on a journey.
The first spirit was the Ghost of Christmas Past. The spirit
took Scrooge back to a time when he was a young man.
He saw himself at Christmas at a party. He was singing and
dancing. The spirit then showed him his beautiful fiancee,
Belle, too. When he was young he wanted to get married
but as he got older, Scrooge started to love money more
than people. Gradually he lost all his friends. Belle married
someone else, and Scrooge became a mean, lonely old man.
Scrooge didn't enjoy seeing all this.
The second visitor was the Ghost of Christmas Present. He
took Scrooge to see Bob Cratchit and his family. They were
very poor, because Scrooge didn't pay Bob very much. They
only had a very small chicken for Christmas dinner, but they
were laughing and smiling - even Tiny Tim, who was very
sick and weak. Scrooge felt ashamed. The Cratchits were
enjoying Christmas even though they were poor. He had lots
of money, but he was mean and unhappy.
The last spirit was the Ghost of Christmas Future. He
showed Scrooge Christmas in the future - and it was a
terrible future. Tiny Tim was dead, because his parents
couldn't afford medicine for him. The Cratchits were heart
broken and Bob was crying. Someone else was dead, too, but
nobody cried for him. In fact, a lot of people were happy.
'Who has died?' asked Scrooge. The spirit said nothing, but
he took Scrooge to a cemetery.
Why have you brought me here?' he asked. Again, the spirit
said nothing. He just pointed to the dead man's grave. On it
was the name - Ebenezer Scrooge.
Scrooge was terrified. 'Spirit. Listen! I have seen many things
tonight and I have learnt my lesson. Please tell me that I can
change my future. Please! Please!' The spirit didn't reply.
Suddenly, Scrooge was back in his own bed again and it was
morning. He jumped up and ran to the window.
'What day is it?' he called to a boy in the street.
'Today?' replied the boy in great surprise. Why, it's Christmas
Day.'
'So I haven't missed it,' thought Scrooge. 'God bless you,
Jacob Marley. And God bless Christmas!'
From that moment Scrooge was a different man. First he
sent the boy to buy an enormous turkey and take it to the
Cratchits. Then he went out into the street and said 'Merry
Christmas' to everyone that he met. As he was walking
along, he saw the gentlemen who had come to his office, and
he promised to give them a lot of money for the poor. They
were very surprised. His nephew, Fred, and his wife were
surprised, too, when Scrooge arrived for Christmas dinner.
After Christmas, Scrooge didn't go back to his mean, old
ways. He doubled Bob Cratchit's wages and helped Tiny Tim
(who didn't die). He didn't have any more visits from spirits.
He was always cheerful at Christmas and he lived happily for
the rest of his life.
Culture a R e a d t h e text . Pu t t h e n a m e s in t h e correct
p laces.
Queen Chuck Berry Elvis Presley The Spice Girls
The Rolling Stones
b ® R e a d , l isten a n d check.
Modern pop music was born in the USA because
of a number of things. Firstly, there was the music
of Africa, which was taken to the USA by black slaves.
Rhythm was very important in black
music. Secondly, the music
of Britain and Ireland was
taken to the USA by white
settlers. White songs had
a strong melody and
usually told a story.
Thirdly, a new musical
instrument appeared -
the electric guitar.
In the 1950s a good-
looking young man cal led 1 brought the
three things together and rock
and roll was born. Other singers soon appeared, such
as Buddy Holly,2 Eddie Cochran and
Jerry Lee Lewis. (Jerry Lee Lewis was unusual, because
he didn't play the guitar, like the others. He played the
piano - usually standing up!)
Today, rock music is everywhere, but when it first
appeared in the 1950s people said: 'It won't last.' By
the early sixties, it looked as if they were
right. Most of the heroes were gone:
Elvis Presley was in the army. Buddy
Holly and Eddie Cochran were
d e a d . Chuck Berry was in
prison.
However, in 1963 a new band
appeared - not in the USA this
time, but in Liverpool, England.
They were The Beatles.The
Beatles and other British bands,
R e a d t h e tex t a g a i n . F ind t h e s e th ings .
- the three ingredients that made pop music
- all the different kinds of music that are mentioned
- all the different kinds of fashion that are
mentioned
W h a t has h a p p e n e d t o music since 2005? W r i t e
a p a r a g r a p h a b o u t :
- a group that has become famous since 2005
- the kind of clothes they wear
and The l ike 3
Who, brought new life to the
music scene. Since then
pop music has continued to
evolve and every generation
has a d d e d something new.
Pop music has also
developed in different
directions. Heavy metal
bands, like Guns 'n' Roses, used
huge amplifiers and speakers to produce their
loud, aggressive music. In contrast, the 1990s
produced girl bands, l ike 4 and boy
bands.They didn't play their own instruments.
They d a n c e d and sang easy, sing-along songs.
The different kinds of pop music have often changed
teenage fashions, too. Rock and roll m a d e jeans,T-shirts
and leather jackets fashionable.Then the hippies of
the late 1960s had long hair and wore colourful 'flower
power' clothes. Next c a m e the 1970s, which produced
glam rock bands (short for'glamour rock') like Slade, 5 and the Swedish group, Abba.They
were as famous for their colourful costumes as for their
music. In the late 70s punk groups, like The Sex Pistols,
tried to shock people with their clothes as well as their
angry music.They dyed their hair
bright colours like green or
orange, and put pins in
their ears and noses.
Pop music has c o m e
a long way since its
start in the 1950s,
and now we know
that rock and roll
will never die.
English across the curriculum
History: the Silk Road 1 ® R e a d a n d l isten t o t h e t e x t . C o m p l e t e t h e
p a r a g r a p h .
The Silk Road started in 1 во It w e n t
from 2 to 3 It w a s 4 long. It closed in 5
2 Find t h e s e t h i n g s in t h e t e x t .
- three Mediterranean civilizations
- t w o things that the Romans got from the Silk
Road
- three kinds of spice
- three things that made the journey difficult
- five inventions that came from China
3 A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
1 H o w did merchants bring things from China?
2 W h y did Roman emperors try to stop the trade?
3 W h a t happened after the Roman Empire?
4 W h a t did Marco Polo do?
5 W h y did the road close?
6 W h a t did Europeans do w h e n it closed?
Find out!
4 W h a t d o y o u k n o w a b o u t V a s c o d a G a m a ,
B a r t h o l o m e w Diaz a n d C h r i s t o p h e r
C o l u m b u s ? F i n d o u t m o r e a b o u t o n e o f t h e m .
W r i t e a b o u t his v o y a g e s o f e x p l o r a t i o n .
We often thinkthatthe great civilizations of the Mediterranean
world (Egypt, Greece and Rome) had no contact with the
other great civilizations in China, India and Japan. However,
this is wrong. From about 115 вс there was regulartrade
between these parts of the world. Rich Romans loved to wear
silk clothes from China and to put spices from India, such as
cinnamon, nutmeg and ginger, in their food.
For several centuries long caravans of camels brought these
things alongthe Silk Road to the ports in what is now Lebanon.
From there ships took the things to cities all over the Roman
Empire. The road was over 8,000 kilometres long. It went from
the Pacific Ocean across Central Asia to the Mediterranean Sea.
The journey across Central Asia wasn't easy. The merchants
had to cross deserts and high mountains. In the summer it was
burning hot and in the winter it was freezing cold. So the things
that they brought were very expensive. (At one time Roman
emperors tried to stop the trade because so much gold was
leaving the empire to pay forthe things.)
Even when the Roman Empire collapsed, trade alongthe Silk
Road continued. It wasn'tjust goods that came alongthe road.
Travellers also brought some important inventions from China
to the West - paper, printing, gunpowder and the compass all
came to Europe this way.
Sometimes travellers from Europe went to the Far East. The
most famous was Marco Polo, who travelled from Venice to
China in the 14th century. When he returned, he wrote a book
about his journey and about the fabulous empire of Kublai
Khan.
Eventually, however, the Silk Road became too dangerous.
Local tribes attacked the caravans. Sometimes they asked for
high taxes. Sometimes they simply stole the goods and often
killed the merchants, too. By the end of the 15th century it was
closed.
Europeans didn't want to lose the good things that came from
the East. One of the things they learnt from China was how to
build larger ships. With these larger ships and compasses,
explorers from Spain and Portugal, like Vasco da Gama,
Bartholomew Diaz and Christopher Columbus, looked for new
routes by sea. But that's another story!
R e v i s i o n
Grammar 1 C o m p l e t e t h e story. P u t t h e v e r b s i n b r a c k e t s
i n t o t h e p a s t s i m p l e o r p a s t c o n t i n u o u s t e n s e .
Last weekend, Chris Grimes, 1 7 , 1 (fly) his
kite near a local river, when suddenly, the wind 2 (blow) very hard. The next minute, Chris
w a s up in the air and the kite 3 (carry) him
across the river ' I t 4 (be) s c a r y , ' 5
(say) Chris. 1 6 (not want) to land in the
river, which is very deep.' At one point, however,
he 7 (come) down and the k i t e 8
(drag) him along the top of the water. He 9
(get) very wet and the w a t e r 1 0 (pull) his
trousers down. Then the wind 11 (pick) him
up again and 12 (take) him right across
the river. S o m e people 13 (watch) Chris's
adventure. ' W e 14 (walk) along by the river,
when we 15 (see) him,' said one witness.
' W e 16 (can't) believe it. He w a s up in the
air and the kite 17 (carry) him across the
river.' Chris finally 18 (land) on the other
side in a different town. Luckily he 19 (not
hurt) himself.
2 a ® L i s t e n . W h a t t h i n g s h a s L o r n a d o n e t h i s
w e e k ? Tick ( / ) t h e t h i n g s i n c o l u m n 1 .
Y e s / N o W h a t ? W h e n ?
bought something
lost something
watched her favourite programme
finished something
played sports
been to the cinema
b ® Listen a g a i n a n d c o m p l e t e c o l u m n s 2 a n d 3.
с W o r k w i t h a partner. A s k a b o u t t h e a c t i v i t i e s
L o r n a h a s d o n e .
• Has she bought anything? 0 Yes, she has.
• What did she ...?/ When did she ...?
d A s k y o u r p a r t n e r a b o u t t h e a c t i v i t i e s .
Have you ... this week?
What I When did you ...?
3 C o m p l e t e t h e t e x t w i t h t h e c o r r e c t a r t i c l e a I an
o r the.
1 g o t 1 n e w radio and 2 camera for my
birthday.3 camera w a s great, b u t 4
radio w a s making 5 funny noise, so I asked
my parents f o r 6 receipt and I took it back to 7 shop. As I w a s going into 8 shop, I
saw 9 interesting computer game, so I didn't
exchange 1 0 radio. I asked f o r 1 1 refund
and I b o u g h t 1 2 computer game instead. Later
my grandparents came to my house. They brought 13 present for me, too. But w h e n I opened 1 4 present, I g o t 1 5 big surprise. It w a s 1 6 same computer g a m e !
Vocabulary 4 a L o o k a t t h e s e t h i n g s . W h a t c a n g o w r o n g
w i t h t h e m ?
b ® L i s t e n t o t h e d i a l o g u e s . W h i c h o f t h e
i t e m s d o t h e p e o p l e m e n t i o n ?
С ® L i s t e n a g a i n . W h a t i s t h e p r o b l e m w i t h
t h e i t e m s ?
Your project
Develop your writ ing Giving reasons; listing words
1 a Look at t h e f irst p a r a g r a p h of t h e tex t on
p a g e 16. Find t h e l ist ing w o r d s w h i c h m e a n
t h e f o l l o w i n g .
1st
2nd
3rd
b Find t h e express ion in t h e p a r a g r a p h t h a t
y o u c a n replace w i t h t h e s e .
for a variety of reasons
as a result of several things
2 R e w r i t e t h e p a r a g r a p h s .
- Complete the expressions.
- Insert the correct listing words (firstly etc.) in the
right places.
1 The electric guitar made rock and roll possible
a of reasons. You can play a
simple tune quite easily on a guitar. You can sing
and play the guitar at the same time. You can't
do that with something like a trumpet. It's very
loud.
2 The Beatles changed pop music as a of
things. They had a fresh, exciting sound.
They explored lots of different kinds of music.
For example, they used Indian music in some
of their songs. Lennon and McCartney wrote a
huge number of songs that are famous around
the world.
Write your project 1 W r i t e a project a b o u t t o d a y ' s p o p music.
W r i t e a b o u t :
- W h o are your favourite bands and singers?
- W h a t kind of music do they play?
- W h a t kind of fashions do they wear?
- W h e n did they become famous?
- W h a t records have they made?
2 I l lustrate y o u r project w i t h pictures of t h e
s ingers a n d b a n d s .
Song 1 ® R e a d a n d l isten to t h e s o n g . W h a t do y o u
th ink t h e s inger has d o n e ?
2 Find t h e v e r b s in t h e past s imple . W h a t is t h e
base f o r m ?
Trouble
Oh no, I see
A spiderweb is tangled up w i th me.
A n d I lost my head
A n d thought of all the stupid things I'd said.
Oh no, what 's this?
A spiderweb and I'm caught in the middle.
So I turned to run
A n d thought of all the stupid things I'd done .
A n d I never meant to cause you trouble
A n d I never never meant to do you w r o n g .
A h , wel l if I ever caused you trouble,
Oh no, I never meant to do you harm.
Oh no, I see
A spiderweb and it's me in the middle.
So I twist and turn
But here am I in my little bubble.
Singing and I never meant to cause you t rouble
A n d I never meant to do you w r o n g .
A h , wel l if I ever caused you t rouble ,
Oh no, I never meant to do you harm.
They spun a w e b for me.
They spun a w e b for me.
They spun a w e b for me.
19
