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Progress on an urban surface energy balance model comparison study
Acknowledge: UK Met Office, Vasilis Pappas (KCL), Rob Mullen (KCL)
COST-728 Exeter meeting, 3-4 May 2007
Sue Grimmond, Martin Best, Janet BarlowKing's College London, UK Met Office, University of Reading
With (people participating so far): J-J Baik (Korea), M Best (UK), M Bruse (Germany), I Calmet (France), A Dandou (Greece), K Fortuniak (Poland), R Hamdi (Belgium), M Kanda (Japan), H Kondo (Japan), S Krayenhoff (Canada), S-B Limor (Israel), A Martilli (Spain), V Masson (France), K Oleson (USA), A Porson (UK), U Sievers (Germany), H Thompson (UK)
For example: Meso-scale modelling Global climate modelling Air quality View factor determinations Heat island studies Upper boundary conditions for other models Weather forecasting Energy assessments Emergency response
This Study Suite of different models Range of complexity Range of applications Range of data needs Range of computer needs Common: all run offline
Variety of Applications for Urban Energy Balance Models
Available modelsC
ompu
tatio
nal R
equi
rem
ents
Number of Parameters
Parameters difficult to get?
Too expensive to run?
Globally moreapplicable?
Past Model Evaluations
Distinct Features of Comparison
Key Questions
Current Status
Immediate Next steps
Multi-step model runs
Simulation of the components of the surface energy balance (net radiation, storage, sensible and latent heat fluxes) for the location(s) of the evaluation dataset
Four stages Different levels of input data are released to the modellers At each stage more information is released about the
morphology and physical properties of the site enables determination of model parameters with more
accuracy
Staged approach to establish the required accuracy for each model parameter by comparing the quality of the simulation at each stage.
Multi-step model runs
Process-oriented statistical analysis
Urban Energy Balance Models participating so far
CODE Authors Contact Person Version used CountryBEP02 Martilli Alberto Martilli older version SpainBEP0X Martilli Heather Thompson Linked to METRAS UKCLMU Oleson et al Keith Oleson USACTTC Limor & Hoffman S-B Limor Green CTTC model IsraelENVI Bruse Michael Bruse GermanyLUMPS Grimmond & Oke Sue Grimmond UK/USAMCBM Kondo, Hiroaki Hiroaki Kondo v.1.0 Japan
MM5u Dandou & Tombrou Aggeliki Dandou, Maria Tombrou MM5V3-6-1 Greece
MOSES1T M. Best M. Best One tile version UKMOSES2T M. Best M. Best Two tile version UKMUKLIMO Siewers, Uwe U. Sievers Thermodynamic GermanySM2U Dupont & Mestayer Isabelle Calmet FranceSRUM Porson, Harman, Clark,
Best, BelcherA. Porson Under development UK
SUMM Kanda, T.Kawai, R Moriwaki
Manabu Kanda, Toru Kawai, Ryo Moriwaki
Coupled with 1D-vegetation model
Japan
TEB Masson, Valery Valery Masson Single-layer FranceTEB07 Masson, Valery Rafiq Hamdi last version BelgiumTUF2d Krayenhoff & Voogt Scott Krayenhoff 2-d version CanadaTUF3d Krayenhoff & Voogt Scott Krayenhoff 3-d version CanadaTUFopt Krayenhoff & Voogt Scott Krayenhoff Optimized 3-d ver CanadaTVM_BEP05 Martilli, Alberto Rafiq Hamdi last version BelgiumULEB Fortuniak, Krzysztof K. Fortuniak PolandVUCM Lee, S-H & Park, S-U Jong-Jin Baik Korea
Multiple versionsCODE Authors Contact Person Version used CountryBEP02 Martilli Alberto Martilli older version SpainBEP0X Martilli Heather Thompson Linked to METRAS UKCLMU Oleson et al Keith Oleson USACTTC Limor & Hoffman S-B Limor Green CTTC model IsraelENVI Bruse Michael Bruse GermanyLUMPS Grimmond & Oke Sue Grimmond UK/USAMCBM Kondo, Hiroaki Hiroaki Kondo v.1.0 Japan
MM5u Dandou & Tombrou Aggeliki Dandou, Maria Tombrou MM5V3-6-1 Greece
MOSES1T M. Best M. Best One tile version UKMOSES2T M. Best M. Best Two tile version UKMUKLIMO Siewers, Uwe U. Sievers Thermodynamic GermanySM2U Dupont & Mestayer Isabelle Calmet FranceSRUM Porson, Harman, Clark,
Best, BelcherA. Porson Under development UK
SUMM Kanda, T.Kawai, R Moriwaki
Manabu Kanda, Toru Kawai, Ryo Moriwaki
Coupled with 1D-vegetation model
Japan
TEB Masson, Valery Valery Masson Single-layer FranceTEB07 Masson, Valery Rafiq Hamdi last version BelgiumTUF2d Krayenhoff & Voogt Scott Krayenhoff 2-d version CanadaTUF3d Krayenhoff & Voogt Scott Krayenhoff 3-d version CanadaTUFopt Krayenhoff & Voogt Scott Krayenhoff Optimized 3-d ver CanadaTVM_BEP05 Martilli, Alberto Rafiq Hamdi last version BelgiumULEB Fortuniak, Krzysztof K. Fortuniak PolandVUCM Lee, S-H & Park, S-U Jong-Jin Baik Korea
Methods used to model outgoingshortwave radiation
CODE # reflections albedoMUKLIMOTEB infinite canyon, roofTEB07 infinite canyon, roofBEP02 multiple canyonSRUM multiple bulk/effectiveCLMU multiple by facetTVM_BEP05 multiple canyon
BEP0X multipleTUF3d multiple (min 2) patches /facetTUF2d multiple (min 2) patches /facetTUFopt multiple (min 2) patches /facetVUCM threeMCBM two by facetMOSES2T one canyon, roofMOSES1T one bulkSM2U one bulk/effectiveMM5u one bulk/townENVI one by facetCTTC one by facetULEB one bulk/town
Methods used to determine Anthropogenic Heat FluxCODE Anthropogenic heat flux Methods
BEP0X
MUKLIMO heat fluxes from the interior of the buildings
TEB domestic heating computed
TEB07 domestic heating computed
BEP02 Partially accounted for by imposing a fixed temp at the building interior
BEP05 Partially accounted for by imposing a fixed temp at the building interior
TUF3d Prescribed bulk value
TUF2d Prescribed bulk value
TUFopt Prescribed bulk value
VUCM Prescribed bulk value
SM2U Prescribed
CTTC Prescribed per vehicle (for vehicles only)
CLMU prescribed traffic fluxes, parameterized waste heat fluxes from heating/ air conditioning
MOSES2T not modelled itself but possible to be included for calculation of turbulent fluxes
MOSES1T not modelled itself but possible to be included for calculation of turbulent fluxes
SRUM not modelled itself but possible to be included for calculation of turbulent fluxes
ULEB not modelled itself but possible to be included for calculation of turbulent fluxes
MM5u calculated (offline) as a temporal & spatial function of the anthropogenic emissions
ENVI from heat transfer ew through walls, no storage term
MCBM Modelled by Kikegawa et al. offline
CODE Methods to calculate turbulent sensible heat fluxCTTC calculated by the model
TEB07 From each surface
BEP02 From each surface
BEP05 From each surface
SRUM Resistance network based on Harman et al. (2004)
CLMU resistances between canyon surfaces and canyon air based on Rowley (1930), between canyon air and atmosphere depend on stability as in CLM3
BEP0X Resistances based on Clarke (1985)
TUF3dResistances based on flat-plate heat transfer coeffs (vertical patches) and based on MO similarity (horiz. patches)TUF2d
TUFoptSM2U Resistance (Guilloteau, 1998 + Zilitinkevich, 1995)
TEB Resistance
MOSES2T Standard resistance
MOSES1T Standard resistance
ENVI from turbulence model (wall function) and surface energy balance
MM5u Parametric formulation
VUCM Parametric formulation
MCBM MO or Jurges
MUKLIMO MO-laws
ULEB M-O similarity: Louis (1979) modified by Mascart at al. (1995)
CODE Methods used to calculate Heat Storage FluxCTTC calculated by the model
BEP02
BEP0X
TEB Diffusion
TEB07 diffusion
CLMU Diffusion
BEP05 Diffusion
TUF3d Diffusion
TUF2d Diffusion
TUFopt Diffusion
MOSES2T Diffusion
MOSES1T Diffusion
VUCM Diffusion
SM2U Difference + Diffusion + Force restore
MM5u OHM scheme (Grimmond et al., 1991)
ENVI soil: 1D model, fully resolved, walls/building system: no storage term
ULEB As QG in urban slab (solution of multi layer thermal diffusion equation)
MCBM Finite difference
MUKLIMO Walls and roofs have a heat capacity
What is resolved in the model?
CODEResolved: CANYONS
Resolved:Roof
Resolved:walls
Walls with orientation
Walls sunlit/shaded
Road sunlit/shaded
Turbulence within canyon
resolved
BEP02 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
BEP05 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
BEP0X No No No No No No No
CLMU No Yes Yes No Yes No No
CTTC Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes
ENVI No Yes Yes No No No Yes
MCBM No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes
MM5u No No No No No No No
MOSES1T No No No No No No No
MOSES2T Yes Yes No No No No No
MUKLIMO No No No No No No Yes
SM2U No No No No No No No
SRUM Yes Yes No No No No No
TEB No Yes Yes No No No No
TEB07 No No No No No No No
TUF Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No
ULEB No No No No No No No
VUCM Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No
Final Comments
Models that are already participating show a wide range of approaches Need to follow up on some details
Multiple versions of some individual models are participating
Initial trial dataset now available Data back from three groups This is allowing us to iron out issues at both ends
People can still participate Encouraged to do so! Contact me: [email protected] Participants will be co-authors in manuscripts etc
Waiting to hear if NERC will fund the next parts of this project
CODE Type of ModelWithin Canyon
processes modelled
Canyons are resolved
Above canyon modelled
Canyon top modelled
BEP02 Multiple layer No No No No
BEP05 Multiple layer No No No No
BEP0X Multiple layer No No No No
CLMU Single layer Yes No Yes Yes
CTTC Single layer No No No No
ENVI Yes Yes Yes Yes
MCBM Multiple layer No No No No
MM5u Single layer No No No No
MOSES1T Single Layer No No No No
MOSES2T Single Layer No No No No
MUKLIMO Yes Yes No No
SM2U Single Layer No No No No
SRUM Single Layer No No No No
TEB No No No No
TEB07 No No No No
TUF No Yes No No
BEP05 No No No No
ULEB Multiple layer No No No No
VUCM Single layer Yes No Yes Yes