www.arrowhead.eu

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Arrowhead Process and energy system automation

4 years project 68M€79 partnersCoordinated by

an ARTEMIS CoIE

www.arrowhead.eu - jerker.delsing@ltu.se

ARTEMIS Industry Association The association for R&D actors in embedded systems

www.arrowhead.eu

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ISA-95systemsintothecloud?The

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ArrowheadapproachesTCP/IPeverywhere,middlewarenowhere.

InternetofThings-IoT

Systemofsystems-SoS

TheIntegratingapproach

ServiceOrientedArchitectures-SOA

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Theglobalcloudapproach

A Survey of Commercial Frameworks for the Internet of Things. Hasan Derhamy, Jens Eliasson, Jerker Delsing, and Peter Priller, SOCNE workshop at ETFA 2015, Luxemburg

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Collaborativeautomationinthecloud

Automationislocal-requirementson:RealtimeSecurityandsafetyContinuousengineeringScalability

Localcloudsarebeneficialto:Latency-realtimeSecurity-supportingsafetyLessengineeringdependencies

Intercloudserviceexchangeenablesscalability

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CloudbasedautomationsystemsChoiceofcentralisedordistributedcontrolanddatatoinformationcomputationsPushoneventorpull

Latebinding-runtimebinding

Hardrealtime?

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ArrowheadFrameworkarchitectureLocalautomationcloudsMandatorycoreservices

Capabilitytoregisteraservicetothelocalcloud.

Todiscoverwhichservicesareregisteredwiththelocalcloud.

Enablinglooselycoupleddataexchangebetweenproducerandconsumersystems-orchestrateserviceexchanges

AuthenticatesystemsandAuthorisationserviceexchange

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ArrowheadFrameworkarchitecture-contLocalautomationcloudsAutomationsupportcoreservice

Plantdescriptionservice

Configurationservice

Eventhandlingservice

HistorianserviceQoSservice

Metadataservice

Translationservice,protocolsandsemantics

Gatekeeperservice,intercloudcommunication

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ArrowheadFrameworkarchitecture-contTools

Testtool

Managementtool

Orchestrationtool

Configurationtool(notopensource)

Servicegenerationtool-IEC81650(notopensourceyet)ContainerwithArrowheadFrameworkmandatorycoreservice

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ArrowheadFrameworkarchitecture-contProducts

Testtooladvanced

HWgatewayswithArrowheadcoreservices-localcloudhead

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www.arrowhead.eu

12Howtobuildlocalcloud?Fundamentalconceptualoverview

all of its users to work in a common and unified approach – leading towards high levels of interoperability.

A. Overview of Arrowhead Framework The Arrowhead Framework includes principles on how to

design SOA-based systems, guidelines for its documentation and a software framework capable of supporting its implementations.

The design guidelines provide generic “black box” design patterns on how to implement application systems to be Arrowhead Framework compliant. Furthermore, these guidelines allow making legacy systems Arrowhead Framework compliant.

The documentation guidelines include templates for service, system and, system-of-systems descriptions (to be detailed in the following sections of this paper). Due to its complexity there is also a “Cookbook” for hands-on instructions on how to use the framework.

The software framework (Fig. 2) includes a set of Core Services which are capable of supporting the interaction between Application Services. The Core Services handle the support functionality within the Arrowhead Framework to enable Application Services to exchange information. Examples are services for Discovery, Authorization, Orchestration, and System Status. An Application Service handles the data exchange between specialized devices (those that the system is special at). Examples are services for sensor reading, billing, energy consumption, weather forecasts, etc.

The Core Services (Fig. 2) are further divided into three different groups: i) Information Infrastructure (II); ii) Systems Management (SM); and, iii) Information Assurance (IA).

The II services are the set of core services and systems in charge of providing information about the services and how to connect to them. This includes services like Service Discovery, Application Installation and Setup, Service Metadata, etc. The SM services are the set of core services and systems providing support for late binding and solving system-of-systems composition. The SM provides logging, monitoring and status functionality. It also addresses orchestration, software distribution, Quality of Service (QoS), configuration and policy. Finally, such a software framework can only operate if the system is able provide adequate security and safety levels. Those functions are assured by the IA services, supporting secure information exchange. Example services include those for authorization, authentication, certificate distribution, security logging and service intrusion.

The software framework also addresses the design and prototype implementations of gateways/mediators for making legacy systems Arrowhead compliant.

Finally, the Arrowhead Framework provides a set of rules and principles to: i) address technical property requirements; ii) Arrowhead conformity requirements and, iii) a set of tool(s) for conformity test and verification.

Fig. 2. Arrowhead Framework core and application services

B. The Arrowhead Framework documentation approach The Arrowhead Framework states a common approach of

how to document SOA-based systems. The documents structure is built on three levels, namely: System-of-Systems, System and Service level. These are depicted in Fig. 3, showing the links between documents, as well.

Fig. 3. The Arrowhead Framework documentation relationships

The approach is to apply the terms “black box” and “white box” only to the System level since it is well known what it means. However, these concepts are not used at the Service level, where such division is rather meant to be about technology independence/dependence.

At the System-of-Systems (SoS) level, a concrete “System-of-Systems type” is defined in the System-of-Systems Description (SoSD) document. Thus, the particular “system type” needed to fulfill our SoS goals can be implemented. The correct way of working is assured thanks to the “black box” representation of all Systems in the System Description (SysD). Therefore, each “system type” can talk to each other or identify the gateways/mediators’ needs.

In the System-of-Systems Design Description (SoSDD) a SoSD instance can be created. All the participating “white box” Systems (SysDD) must be enumerated and the entire setup must be explained, including infrastructure description (network configuration, VPNs, etc.), domain structure, startup behavior etc. This is a deployment description and it describes the SOA installations.

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CoreFunctionalities-System-of-Systemsinalocalcloud

ARROWHEAD FRAMEWORK

LOCAL CLOUD

Orchestration system

Authorisation system

Service Registry & discovery

system

Applicationsystem

Applicationsystem

Applicationsystem

App

lication

system

Applicationsystem

14Automationcloudintegrationtechnology-SOAbasedInteroperabilityatservicelevelacrosssuppliersandtechnologies

Technologytranslation

Integrationtolegacytechnology

ARROWHEAD FRAMEWORKCOMPLIANT

IASM

II

Application

Application

Application

App

lication

Application

Application

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Basicengineeringusecase

DesignandEngineering

Database

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Example:IEC81346Location-FunctionMCC

+3

+1 -Q1

+2

+1+2

+2

+1

-Q2

-Q7-F1

-K1

-Q1

-F10

-F10-K1-F1-Q1

Thisunitcanbeadressedaccordingtotwostructures:

+MCC.1-Q1=V1.G1.Q1-Q1

Locationstructure Procuctstructures

=G1=Q1

Functionstructure

=T1

=V1

=W1

=W2=M1

=W1

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Example:IEC81346Location-Function

MCC

+3

+1 -Q1

+2

+1+2

+2

+1

-Q2

-Q7-F1

-K1

-Q1

-F10

-F10-K1-F1-Q1

Thisunitcanbeadressedaccordingtotwostructures:

+MCC.1-Q1=V1.G1.Q1-Q1

Locationstructure Procuctstructures

=G1=Q1

Functionstructure

=T1

=V1

=W1

=W2=M1

=W1

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Example:IEC81346–AutomationML

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HardrealtimeIoTcloudHard real time dependent on underlaying communication capabilities

Local hard real time cloud to prescribe communication technology e.g. Industrial ethernet, TTTech, time slotted 802.15.4

SOA overhead eats bandwidth Use compression EXI

EXIP: A Framework for Embedded Web DevelopmentKyusakov, R., Punal, P., Eliasson, J. & Delsing, J. Oct 2014 In : ACM Transactions on the Web. 8, 4, 29 p.23

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Arrowhead Service Contract Interoperability

ASD AIDDASP

ACP

Service A Contract

ASD A*IDDASP

A*CP

Service A* Contract

Service AService A*

System P System C

• Service A contract using HTTP• Service A* contract using CoAP

Contract Miss-match!!

www.arrowhead.eu

Arrowhead Service Contract Interoperability

Arrowhead translator can help to bridge the contract miss-match!

ASD AIDDASP

ACP

Service A Contract

Service ASystem P

ASD A*IDDASP

A*CP

Service A* Contract

Service A*

System CTranslator

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Intercloudservicediscovery

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Real]melocalcloudautoma]on &intercloudautoma]on

RealtimeLocalcloud#1

IASM

II

Applicationsystem

Applicationsystem

Applicationsystem

App

lication

system

Applicationsystem

Applicationsystem

RealtimeLocalcloud#2

IASM

II

Applicationsystem

Applicationsystem

Applicationsystem

App

lication

system

Applicationsystem

Applicationsystem

RealtimeLocalcloud#3

IA SMII

Applicationsystem

Applicationsystem

Applicationsystem

App

lication

system

Applicationsystem

Applicationsystem

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Arrowheadstandardisationstrategy

ActiveparticipationsinIPSOallianceW3CpublishedtheEXIstandard

IETF-ArrowheadCoreservices:TBD

Step1:InventoriseArrowheadstandardizationneeds

Step2a:ApplicationdomainstandardsservitizedintotheArrowhead

framework

Step2b:Pushingforstandardizationof

ArrowheadFrameworkcomponents

OpenADRfordemandresponseinT1.2-4pilotservices.IEC61850forsmartgridandrenewableenergydomainmodellinginT2.3,T4.2andT5.2IEC61499inT1.8

ISO/IEC81346-1inT7.4…..

Applicationdomainstandards

Arrowheadframeworktechnologystandards

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StatusofArrowheadFramework

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ArrowheadFrameworkarchitecturematuritylevelLocalautomationclouds-TRL5Mandatorycoreservices

Capabilitytoregisteraservicetothelocalcloud-TRL5

Todiscoverwhichservicesareregisteredwiththelocalcloud-TRL5

Enablinglooselycoupleddataexchangebetweenproducerandconsumersystems-orchestrateserviceexchanges-TRL5

AuthenticatesystemsandAuthorisationserviceexchange-TRL4

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ArrowheadFrameworkarchitecture-contLocalautomationcloudsAutomationsupportcoreservice

Plantdescriptionservice-TRL3

Configurationservice-TRL-3

Eventhandlingservice-TRL4

Historianservice-TRL5QoSservice-TRL3

Metadataservice-TRL3

Translationservice,protocolsandsemantics-TRL4

Gatekeeperservice,intercloudcommunication-TRL4

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ArrowheadFrameworkarchitecture-contTools

Testtool-TRL6

Managementtool-TRL4

Orchestrationtool-TRL4

Configurationtool(notopensource)-TRL5

Servicegenerationtool-IEC81650(notopensourceyet)-TRL4ContainerwithArrowheadFrameworkmandatorycoreservice-TRL5

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ArrowheadFrameworkwikiReleasedate:April13

Documentation

Cookbook

Supportwiki

Coresystemcode

Tools-OpensourceandcommercialSampleautomationservices-code

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CanwebuildArrowheadautomationsystemstoday?RobustcommunicationIoTsensors,actuators,PLC:s,etc.

DCSandSCADAfunctionality

MESandERPfunctionality

Cloudintegrationtechnology

EngineeringtoolscloudautomationTesttoolsandsimulators

Migrationtocloudautomation

Suitablesecurity

➡Productsonthemarket➡Someproductsonthemarket

➡Firstproductsonthemarket

➡Demonstratedinindustrialenv.➡Someproductsonthemarket➡Demonstratedinindustrialenv.➡Firstproductsonthemarket

➡Demonstratedinindustrialenv.

➡Firstproductsonthemarket

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AutomationengineeringtimeSimplicityofautomationserviceengineeringismarketkeyArrowheadFrameworkreducesengineeringtime

From5-6days->6-8hours(Abelko)

From4-5weeks->1week(BnearIT)

20automationapplicationsusingArrowheadFrameworktechnologydemonstrated

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ProductiveWP1Lead:Ericsson/CombientTBD

LTU

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MajorcontentRequirements

Productionplatformarchitecture

Implementationofcoretechnology

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ArchitectureServiceOrientedArchitecturebased

BuildontheArrowheadFramework

OpensourceresultsfromtheArrowheadandEMC2project

© SKF Group

Use case scenario - stakeholder interaction

23 February, 201635

Historian service

Monitor Service

Analytics services

Context aware HUI

SKF

DB

Info/Raw data

Sensors/analytics ML Sensors

Extracted information

Gateway and sensor analytics ML configuration

Live/ information Alarms

Info to be stored

Historical information

€€€Diagnostics/ Prognostics information

€Raw data

Gateways €

Processed information

External

€

€

€€

GUIs

Arrowhead local clouds Legacy or cloud

2

2

1,2

3

4

4

1,4

5

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ArrowheadFramework-improvementsMaturingcoreservicestoTREL7Extensionsofexistingcoreservices

QoS-interfacestocommunicationstandards

Realtime-demonstrations

Security

AA->AAAblockchainprotectionofsystemcriticalinformation

Translationservice

Semanticstranslation

Additionalprotocols

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NewfeaturesDeploymentserviceBootstrappingprocesses

Softwareupdateservice

Nanotransactionservice

Distributeddataanalyticssupportservice

DistributedsystemsimulationssupportserviceLegacysystemintegrationsupportservice

Integratingplantdescriptionservicetoproductrecipestandards

UserHMIservice

Automatedtradingservice

ToolsApplicationservicegeneration

Orchestrationrecipegenerationtools

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ArrowheadFrameworkarchitecturematuritylevelLocalautomationclouds-TRL8Mandatorycoreservices

Capabilitytoregisteraservicetothelocalcloud-TRL8

Todiscoverwhichservicesareregisteredwiththelocalcloud-TRL8

Enablinglooselycoupleddataexchangebetweenproducerandconsumersystems-orchestrateserviceexchanges-TRL8

AuthenticatesystemsandAuthorisationserviceexchange-TRL7

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ArrowheadFrameworkarchitecture-contLocalautomationcloudsAutomationsupportcoreservice

Plantdescriptionservice-TRL6-7

Configurationservice-TRL-6-7

Eventhandlingservice-TRL7

Historianservice-TRL7QoSservice-TRL6

Metadataservice-TRL7

Translationservice,protocolsandsemantics-TRL7

Gatekeeperservice,intercloudcommunication-TRL7

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ArrowheadFrameworkarchitecture-contTools

Testtool-TRL8

Managementtool-TRL7

Orchestrationtool-TRL7

Configurationtool(notopensource)-TRL7

Servicegenerationtool-IEC81650(notopensourceyet)-TRL6ContainerwithArrowheadFrameworkmandatorycoreservice-TRL5

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ArrowheadFrameworkwikiReleasedate:April13

Documentation

Cookbook

Supportwiki

Coresystemcode

Tools-OpensourceandcommercialSampleautomationservices-code

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www.arrowhead.eu

Arrowhead.euanArtemisandProcessIT.EUproject

jerker.delsing@ltu.se

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