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Instructor’s Guide
©2015 The Transportation Learning Center
Signal Power Distribution Inspection & Maintenance Overview
Instructor Guide
207: Signal Power Distribution Inspection and Maintenance Module 1: Signal Power Distribution Inspection and Maintenance
OverviewPREVIEW ONLY
Instructor’s Guide
©2015 The Transportation Learning Center
Signal Power Distribution Inspection & Maintenance Overview
Table of Contents
1
Overview……………………………………………………………………………………………..…..……....4
Safety…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….14
Tools……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..68
General Schedules …………………………………………………………………………………………...78
Record Keeping………………………………………………………………………………………………..79
Summary………………………………………………………………………………………………………..81
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Instructor’s Guide
©2015 The Transportation Learning Center
Signal Power Distribution Inspection & Maintenance Overview
Overview
Purpose The purpose of this module is to:
ObjectivesAt the end of this lesson, the signal maintainer will be able to:
MaterialsMandatory Make sure you have the following
Optional You may also want the following for optional
activities:
3
• provide the participant with an overview for
maintenance and inspection of signal power
distribution.
• PowerPoint Presentation
• Coursebook
• Quizzes
• Pencils
• Related agency-specific policies and
procedures
• Chalk board with chalk, large paper with
marker, etc.
• Internet connection
• Lab, simulator or rail line for use
• MSDS
• Electrical Safety Rules
• Regulatory Books: CFR Title 49
• Describe safety practices as related to performing
inspection & maintenance for signal power distribution.
• Identify and explain the use of tools signal power
distribution inspection and maintenance.
• Identify agency specific schedules for signal power
distribution inspection and maintenance.
• Describe inspection and maintenance documentation
for reporting as per agency regulations.
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Signal Power Distribution Inspection & Maintenance Overview
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Instructor’s Notes
©2015 The Transportation Learning Center
5
Module Length: 240 min Time remaining: 240 min This section: 30 min (7 slides) Section start time: ________ Section End Time: ________
Riders depend on us.
Ask
Predict the differences between the
approach boundaries?
Why is this important?
Randomly call on participants to share
possible answers.
Advance Slide
PPT slides 2REVIEW introduction slides
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©2015 The Transportation Learning Center9
PPT slide 6Thinking back to other courses or just in
general, what would you recommendations
or instructions would you give to a new
signal maintainer regarding any work on
power distribution systems?
Allow participants to think for a
minute and write down
any ideas. Allow participants to share
ideas with another participant.
Discuss participant
responses and if possible list them on
a chalk board or similar.
Advance Slide
Module Length: 240 min Time remaining: 240 min This section: 30 min (7 slides) Section start time: ________ Section End Time: ________
ASK participants what
they already know
SMALL GROUP ACTIVITY
WRITE
Course book
Pen or pencil
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Signal Power Distribution Inspection & Maintenance Overview
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©2015 The Transportation Learning Center
11
PPT slide 7 Each federal agency provides the baseline for
compliance in areas of safety, testing,
maintenance, and record keeping pertaining
to track circuits. This module uses the
guidelines outlined in FRA §236 for
inspection, testing, maintenance and repair as
the minimum standard. Each rail transit
authority may prescribe additional or more
stringent guidelines. The FRA guidelines also
prescribe standards to ensure that personnel
working with, and affected by, safety-critical
train control system related products receive
appropriate training and testing.
One focus of this module is on the practice of
safety for signal maintainers working around
power distribution for signal systems.
Continued
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PPT slide 7 As such, this module enhances standard
safety policies of the participant’s rail transit
system as well as the principles of safety
covered in your orientation and in Course 100
of this series of courses, particularly the
module on Signal Maintainer Worker Safety.
Safety extends to the proper use of tools
when inspecting and maintaining signal power
distribution systems. This module discusses
the safe use of standard tools the signal
maintainer can expect to use when working
on signal power distribution systems.
Every rail transit system adheres to strict
record-keeping and timetables for inspection
and maintenance. These practices ensure the
safety of rail passengers, workers, and
properties. This module gives a thorough
overview of maintenance record keeping.
Continued
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16
PPT slide 9 To prevent injuries, the signal maintainer must
complete training & testing, follow supervisor
and mentor lead, follow agency rules and
procedures, maintain careful and accurate
records, and use reference material when
required.
Personal safety is critical for a signal
maintainer. Personal safety includes, but is
not limited to, proper response to potential
hazards and knowledge of electrical safety
precautions.
In addition to personal safety, a signal
maintainer must also exercise care in the
personal safety of others including other
signal maintainers.
Advance Slide
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19
PPT slide 12 An estimated 30,000 non-fatal electrical shock
accidents occur each year. Over 200 people
die from electrocution each year on average
in the United States. In addition, equipment
may be damaged due to static electricity
discharge when working with low voltage
components in particular. Precautions must
be taken to ensure a signal maintainers safety
as well as to protect equipment.
The physiological effects of electricity on a
human body can occur by way of burns and
nerve damage. Resistance of electrical
current conducted through a body will result in
energy dissipation in the form of heat. While
the effect is similar to damage caused by an
open flame, electrical burns can also occur
beneath the skin of a victim even affecting
internal organs.
Continue
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23
PPT slide 13 Grounded or double-insulated equipment will
reduce the likelihood of exposure to defective
insulation since double-insulated tools have
two insulation barriers and no exposed metal
parts.
Advance Slide
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PPT slide 14 Wires must be of appropriate gauge and size
for intended use as the wire must be able to
handle the current safely. Likewise, the
insulation must be appropriate for the
intended voltage and environmental
conditions with terminations reliable and
protected. In the event wires are
inappropriately sized or insulation is
insufficient, an electrical hazard can occur.
Overcurrent protection devices in a circuit,
such as a fuse or circuit breaker, must be
sized appropriately. If the breakers or fuses
are too big for the wires they are supposed to
protect, an overload in the circuit will not be
detected and the current will not be shut off.
Overloading leads to overheating of circuit
components (including wires) and may cause
a fire
Advance Slide
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PPT slide 17 Wet conditions can provide an easy path
for electrical current. Touching a live wire or
other electrical component including live
electrical parts causes by damaged
insulation, while standing on a wet surface
will cause a shock. Wet clothing, high
humidity, and perspiration can also reduce
resistance and increase the chances for
electrocution.
Advance Slide
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PPT slide 18 Catenary wires and third rails are
sometimes present in some rail installations.
Careful consideration must be taken when
performing inspection and maintenance on
signal power distribution systems containing
these components. Both catenary wires and
third rails are high voltage and can produce
fatal shocks. Most overhead powerlines
carrying commercial power feed are not
typically insulated. Contact with these
overhead wires can cause a fatal shock.
Proper clearance distance from powerlines
must be maintained. The minimum distance
for voltages up to 50kV is 10 feet. For
voltages over 50kV, the minimum distance is
10 feet plus 4 inches for every 10 kV over
50kV. Material and equipment should always
be stored away from overhead powerlines. Advance Slide
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PPT slide 19 Burns that occur from arc blasts are due to
thermal radiation and intense light. The use of
proper clothing, work distances, and
overcurrent protection can help reduce this
risk. Wave blasts which can occur with a
25,000-amp arc can result in a force of
approximately 480 pounds on the front of the
body at 2 feet away. While these wave blasts
can throw individuals away from the arc and
resulting thermal radiation, serious ear
damage and memory loss due to concussion
can still occur. The pressure waves can also
send equipment flying and can knock over
walls. The melting of equipment is another
risk of an arc flash. As equipment melts down,
droplets of molten equipment metal can be
projected by the arc blast. These droplets can
cause burns and/or fires even at distances of
10 feet or more away. Advance Slide
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PPT slide 22 Employees required to enter into confined or
enclosed spaces shall be instructed as to the
nature of the hazards involved, the necessary
precautions to be taken, and in the use of
protective and emergency equipment
required. §1926.21(6)(i)
Although OSHA's construction standard does
not have a confined space standard,
construction contractors come under OSHA's
general industry confined space standard
when working in a building where the owner
comes under OSHA's confined space
standard (Miles 1994).
Continued
Module Length: 240 min Time remaining: 210 min This section: 60 min (28 slides) Section start time: ________ Section End Time: ________
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Agency-specific
confined space policy
and procedures
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PPT slide 22 An alternative approach is to declare that
employees are not allowed to enter permit-
required confined spaces and prevent such
entrance by locks or other effective means. If
work is required in a confined space, it can be
reclassified as a non-permit required confined
space by eliminating the hazards; such as
locking out equipment so it can’t be used.
Confined Space is space that: is large
enough and so configured that an employee
can bodily enter and perform assigned work
and has limited or restricted means of ingress
or egress, such as, but not limited to:
Ductwork, Manholes, Tanks, Tunnels, and
Vaults
Confined space is not designed for
continuous occupancy.
Continued
Module Length: 240 min Time remaining: 210 min This section: 60 min (28 slides) Section start time: ________ Section End Time: ________
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and procedures
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PPT slide 22 Has air, gas, steam or water under pressure.
Is found to have excessively high
temperatures that may cause dehydration.
Has the potential to cause injury by
electrocution.
Contains any other recognized health and
safety hazard.
Non-Permit Required Confined Space
(NPRCS) is: A confined space that does not
contain known or potential hazards
(atmospheric or otherwise) that might or will cause serious illness, injury or death.Provide participants and direct them to
write in their course book any related
agency-specific policy or procedures
related confined space.
Advance Slide
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and procedures
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42
PPT slide 23 • Notify all personnel that equipment and
circuitry must be shut off, locked out, and
tagged out. (Simply turning a switch to off
is NOT enough.)
• Shut off energy sources and lock
switchgear in the OFF position. Each
worker should apply his or her individual
lock. Do not give your key to anyone.
• Test equipment and circuitry to make sure
they are de-energized. This must be done
by a qualified person*.
• Deplete stored energy (for example, in
capacitors) by bleeding, blocking,
grounding, etc.
Advance Slide
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PPT slide 24 • Apply a tag to alert other workers that an
energy source or piece of equipment has
been locked out.
• Make sure everyone is safe and
accounted for before equipment and
circuits are unlocked and turned back on.
Note that only a qualified person* may
determine when it is safe to re-energize
circuits.
*OSHA defines a “qualified person” as
someone who has received mandated training
on hazards and on the construction and
operation of equipment involved in a task.
Provide participants and direct them to
write in their course book any related
agency-specific policy or procedures
related to lockout/tagout.
Advance Slide
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and procedures
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44
PPT slide 25 Consideration for one’s own personal safety
is paramount prior to signal power distribution
inspection, maintenance, testing. Equipping
personnel with the proper PPE and knowing
the hazards of the job site will help ensure a
safe working environment.
Personal protective equipment (PPE),
should always be utilized when working with
any element of the signal power distribution
system. All PPE required for general signal
maintenance as covered in earlier courses is
also required for maintenance and inspection
of signal power distribution systems.
Continue
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PPT slide 25 In addition to PPE recommended for general
signal maintenance covered in earlier
courses, PPE utilized for power distribution
should also include:
• Fire retardant uniforms
• Shoes meeting electrical standards
• Hot gloves for high-voltage work
• Safety glasses or shields
• Nonconductive head and/or face
protection
Wearing a fire-retardant uniform made of
approved materials for resistance to arc flash
is recommended. In addition, striping should
be included to reflect and alert trains that
maintainer is on the right-of-way.
Continue
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PPT slide 25 The signal maintainer working on signal
power distribution systems should wear shoes
or boots that meet electrical standards made
of composite non-conducting material with
an electrical hazard (EH) rating and insulated
to help ground electricity from accidental
contact with live circuits or electrical
equipment. Selecting footwear with a rubber
soles can provide resistance to slips, water,
and abrasion, therefore providing additional
safety for the wearer. As mandated by OSHA
and local public employee safety and health
agencies, no steel-toe shoes should be worn
when working on any component or system of
power distribution.
Continue
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49
PPT slide 26 The NFPA list the items which should be used
for the protection of a technician working on
electrical equipment. The items are
recommended based on the Category of the
Hazard Risk with which the technician is
confronted. The NFPA list includes the
following rules:
• When flame-resistant clothing is worn to
protect an employee, it should cover all
ignitable clothing and allow for movement
and visibility.
• Wear nonconductive head protection
wherever there is a danger of head injury
from electric shock or burns due to contact
with live parts or from flying objects
resulting from electrical explosion.
Continued
Module Length: 240 min Time remaining: 210 min This section: 60 min (28 slides) Section start time: ________ Section End Time: ________
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PPT slide 26 • Hand and arm protection shall be worn
where there is possible exposure to arc
flash burn.
• Insulated soles should not be used as
primary electrical protection. Where
insulated footwear is used as protection
against step and touch potential, dielectric
overshoes should be worn.
• Employees required to work inside areas
designated as an Arc Flash Hazard
Locations are required to wear FR rated
pants and shirt or a set of FR rated
coveralls with a minimum arc rating of 8
(cal/cm2 ) over non melting clothing and
underclothing in addition to the minimum
PPE is required when working in an Arc
Flash Shock Hazard environment.
Continued
Module Length: 240 min Time remaining: 210 min This section: 60 min (28 slides) Section start time: ________ Section End Time: ________
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WRITE
Agency-specific PPE
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PPT slide 27 In the event of an emergency condition
contact the appropriate departments such as
the Power Dispatcher, the Controller and/or
local 911. Typically, when an emergency call
is sent to 911, the employee shall also notify
the control center or Power Dispatcher of the
emergency. An employee who is witness to a
person contacted by Third rail/Overhead wire
or any other dangerous electrical device must
immediately request the traction power be de-
energized.
Always follow your transit agency’s policy and
guidelines for working on or around electrified
circuits.
Provide participants and direct them to
write in their course book any related
agency-specific policy or procedures
related to working around electrified
circuits. Advance Slide
Module Length: 240 min Time remaining: 210 min This section: 60 min (28 slides) Section start time: ________ Section End Time: ________
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WRITE
Agency-specific
general guidelines for
electrified circuits policy
and procedures
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