presentation PP Yong Zeng

Environment Based Design

A Theory for Innovative and Creative Design

Yong Zeng

Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering

Concordia University, Montreal, Canada

[email protected]

http://www.ciise.concordia.ca/~design

Design Lab 1

Science of Design

Research Framework

Creative Design

Design Tools

2Copyright Yong Zeng@2010

Design Methodology Rigid and structured

Conflict

Creative Design Flexible and unstructured

Mental StressPerformance


Cre

ativ

ity

Creativity vs. Stress vs. Methodology

ConflictA good design methodology should lead the

design process in such a way that the

designer’s mental stress is optimized.


Science of Design: [To interpret

phenomena in design.]

• Object of study

• Logic tool• Logic tool

• Experiment tool


Design: object of study

Designer(s) creates a product that works in an environment

by using existing technologies in the environment.

Designer

Product Environment


Science of design: logical tool

- A mathematics that can

represent all entities and

relations included in

design activities.

- A group of basic laws - A group of basic laws

governing all relations

implied in design

activities.


Logic tool: mathematics

Axioms of Objects

Axiom 1. Everything in the universe is an object.

Axiom 2. There are relations between objects in the universe.

O. O),(OOO ∀⊗∪=⊕Structure Operation: O. O),(OOO ∀⊗∪=⊕Structure Operation:

A.B B),(-A)(B ΘA ⊆∀⊕⊕=Separation Operation:


Logic of design

qp

p

→ qp

q

→ qp

qp

qp

nn→

→

→

......

22

11

qp

q

→

q

Deduction

p

Abduction

qp

nn

→

Induction Recursion

p

qp→

Design is a process in which new problems will emerge as a

result of the solutions to the older problems.


Logic tool: laws

Nature: N Human Thought: M

N⊗

N

M⊗

M

N⊗M

M⊗N

N).M(M)N(M)(N)(W ⊗∪⊗∪⊕∪⊕=⊕

Axioms of Human Thought

Axiom 3. Human beings are bounded in rationality (Simon,

1969).

Axiom 4. Human beings do not recognize objects accurately.

Axiom 5. Causal relation is the only deterministic relation in all

relations between causes and effects.


state of design: ⊕E

t0

t1

tn ti

⊕E1

⊕Ei

⊕En

Design State

time: t

⊕E0


Design Governing Equation

where is the synthesis operator.

is the evaluation operator.

)E((KKE iei

si1i ⊕=⊕ +

siK

eiK

12

state of design: ⊕Ei

⊕ Ω

synthesis operator

evaluation operator

design solution

time: t

⊕Ei

Copyright Yong Zeng@2010

Experiment Tools

Protocol analysis

Physiology based protocol analysis

Computer simulation Computer simulation


Protocol analysis


Experimental Data: ExampleState Time Rationale Solution

1 00:00:00−00:26:00

First, I got your design problem. The first point of the design problem is that I want to make clear what the thing to be designed is. We made clear that we need to design a garbage bin…. Then I think what the environment for this garbage bin is. In which place should it be put? Like this coach car or sleeping car? Then I consider the position of the coach car…. I just draw a garbage bin very simply. I think the garbage bin is put here.

2 00:26:50−00:30:00It will affect the movement of the passenger’s legs if the garbage bin is put under the table. So the only place is under the seats. Put here . These are seats and tables.

15

3 00:30:45−00:39:20Then I consider whether I should install one garbage window for every seat. But I consider installing it symmetrically, which is good for the whole design….

4 00:39:30−00:51:38

Now I suddenly got an idea. When the garbage passes through the channel, how to pack the garbage? I cannot let the garbage pass on the belt directly. How to design? I suddenly think about the plastic zipper on the plastic bag. Then I consider whether I should install one garbage window for every seat. But I consider installing it symmetrically, which is good for the whole design.

5 00:52:00−01:07:11 Now I consider the plastic bag, namely garbage bag for the whole compartment.



Physiology based protocol analysis


Data analysis


Results

• Increased beta power in Fp1, Fp2:

mental activity

• Increased theta power in Fz:

increased memory load and attention

• Decreased alpha power in Oz:

increased visual thinking, visual

attentivenessattentiveness


Computer simulation

Designer

20

Y. Zeng and S. Yao (2009), Understanding design activities through computer

simulation, Advanced Engineering Informatics. Vol.23, No.3, 294-308.


Computer simulation


Computer simulation

Research Hypotheses

(1) Formulating the design problem differently;

(2) Extending synthesis knowledge; and

(3) Changing the sequence of environment

decomposition.

22

decomposition.



Design Tool: [To support creative design.]

• Environment Based Design (EBD)


Design Governing Equation

where is the synthesis operator.

is the evaluation operator.

)E((KKE iei

si1i ⊕=⊕ +

siK

eiK

25

state of design: ⊕Ei

⊕ Ω

synthesis operator

evaluation operator

design solution

time: t

⊕Ei


Environment Based Design


O

O

Type Graphic Representation Description

Object

Object

Everything in the universe is an

object.

Compound Object

It is an object that includes at least

two objects in it.

It is a descriptive, limiting, or

Recursive Object Model: ROM

ξ

ι

ρ

Relations

Constraint Relation

It is a descriptive, limiting, or

particularizing relation of one object

to another.

Connection Relation

It is to connect two objects that do not

constrain each other.

Predicate Relation

It describes an act of an object on

another or that describes the states of

an object.



Fundamental Technology for EBD: Question Asking

//Function of generic inquiry process for requirements elicitation

//Generic Process - Input: text; Output: ROM

ROM GenericProcess( text)

//Analyze design problem through generic questions

ROM ← DesignProblemAnalysis (text); ROM ← DesignProblemAnalysis (text);

// Extend design problem through domain specific questions

ROM ← DesignProblemExtension (ROM);


30

31

32

33

Applications

34

Sketch processing

Migration

develop a natural interface so that designers can freely develop a natural interface so that designers can freely develop a natural interface so that designers can freely develop a natural interface so that designers can freely describe their ideas without interruption while all useful describe their ideas without interruption while all useful describe their ideas without interruption while all useful describe their ideas without interruption while all useful information is recorded effectively; information is recorded effectively; information is recorded effectively; information is recorded effectively;

establish a seamless integration of the sketching system establish a seamless integration of the sketching system establish a seamless integration of the sketching system establish a seamless integration of the sketching system and existing CAD systems.and existing CAD systems.and existing CAD systems.and existing CAD systems.

3-D Modeling &

Visualization

35

36

Curve reconstruction

Input Output

37

38

Secure Collaboration Mechanism

Funded by five major aerospace companies in Montreal39

Quality Management

Human-

being

ProcessStandard

Document

To be done

Done

Supported by the Environmental Monitoring Group, City of Edmonton40

Science of Design

Conclusions

Creative Design

Design Tools

41

42

Creativity vs. Stress vs. methodology

Cre

ativ

ity

Mental Stress

43

Documents

presentation PP Yong Zeng