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PREN~~L~WRITERS SOLUTION
III PRENTICE HALL Upper Saddle River New Jersey Needham Massachusetts
Copyright copy 1998 by Prentice-Hall Inc a Viacom Company Upper Saddle River New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproshyduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying recording or by any information storage or retrieval system without permission in writing from the publisher Printed in the United States of America
ISBN 0-13-434763-3
2345678910 0100
PRENTICE HALL = Simon amp Schuster Education Group A VIACO CO PAHV
Answers
~ pages5-6
Exercise A Identifying Nouns (Abstract nouns are simply listed not circled) 1 Constitution rights 2 concern hikers time 3 grace birds tourists 4 Paula fear success 5 difference Lou Len attitude 6 hunters deer elk moose 7 doctor Sherry advice 8 article newspaper opening Marvelle Park 9 sign auditorium soloists 10 nurse hospital splint arm
Exercise B Recognizing Compound Nouns (Compound nouns are simply listed not circled) 1 scientist breakthrough research 2 birdwatcher way underbrush 3 player home runs game 4 host guests dining room 5 stepmother heart attack 6 jack-in-the-box my two-year-old 7 heat wave records 8 plans high school 9 Spring-cleaning chore people 10 actor spotlight
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns 1 Brooklyn Bridge 2 Tower of London 3 Bulldogs 4 Jackson High School 5 California 6 Willow Street 7 Abigail Adams 8 Uncle Mike 9 Montana 10 Mount Rushmore
Exercise B Adding Proper Nouns to Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jane Street 2 Vikings 3 Mexico 4 Lincoln MemorialS Louise 6 Delaware River 7 Nebraska 8 Garden Spot 9 Ford 10 Jack London
] pages 7-10
Exercise A Identifying Antecedents 1 AI 2 critics 3 man Sally 4 Hannah bikes 5 Climbing to the top of the Washington Monument 6 trunk 7 students 8 twins 9 Anthony Mrs Lee 10 senator bill
Exercise B Adding Pronouns to Match Anteshycedents Some answers may vary samples are given 1 his 2 its its 3 you some 4 their 5 your 6 her 7 who him 8 their 9 its 10 some their
Exercise A Identifying Personal Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns 1 themselves reshyflexive 2 my personal 3 themselves intenshy
sive 4 yourself reflexive 5 his personal 6 herself intensive 7 it personal 8 himself intensive 9 themselves reflexive 10 your personal
Exercise B Adding Personal Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns to Sentences 1 them 2 ourselves 3 its 4 myself 5 her 6 his 7 ourselves 8 our 9 themselves 10 herself
Exercise A Recognizing Demonstrative Relshyative and Interrogative Pronouns 1 demonstrative 2 relative 3 interrogative 4 relative 5 interrogative 6 demonstrative 7 interrogative 8 relative 9 demonstrative 10 relative
Exercise B Adding Demonstrative Relative and Interrogative Pronouns to Sentences Some answers may vary samples are given 1 Which 2 those 3 whom 4 that 5 Who 6 This 7 Who 8 who 9 which 10 What
Exercise A Recognizing Indeflnlte Proshynouns 1 Everyone 2 Someone most 3 Each 4 None much 5 Few anything 6 either other 7 Both everyone 8 Several much 9 No one something 10 Many everything
Exercise B Adding Indeflnite Pronouns to Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Most 2 either 3 much 4 nothing 5 all 6 others 7 Everything 8 some 9 little 10 Everything
~ pages 11-13
Exercise A Recognizing Action Verbs 1 thought M 2 pointed V 3 swung V 4 decided M 5 made V 6 plays V 7 sipped V 8 considered M 9 drew V 10 entered V
Exercise B Adding Transitive and Intransishytive Verbs to Sentences Verbs themselves will vary samples are given 1 ordered T 2 moved I 3 grew I 4 gave T 5 sells T 6 put T 7 gusted I 8 arrived I 9 scheduled T 10 wrote T
Exercise A Recognizing Forms of Be Used as Unking VerbS (Words linked are given in parentheses) 1 should be (Safety-ltoncern) 2 would be (1-happy) 3 is (Elaine-late)
3
4 can be (Andrew-child) 5 could have been (What-cause) 6 is (That-amount) 7 was (setback-temporary) 8 will be (Jenny-presishydent) 9 is being (Jason-polite) 10 was (Thomas Jefferson-President)
Exercise B Identifying Other Unklng Verbs (Words linked are given in parentheses) 1 appears (Kevin-taller) 2 tastes (sausagesshyspicier) 3 remained (cause-mystery) 4 looks (stranger-suspicious) 5 stayed (child-quiet) 6 became (glove-trademark) 7 remains (AA Milne-au~hor) 8 turned (hair-gray) 9 smell (books-musty) 10 felt (I-queasy)
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Unking Verbs and Action Verbs 1 action 2 linking 3 action 4 action 5 linking 6 linking 7 action 8 linking 9 action 10 linking
Exercise B Adding Verbs to Sentences Verbs may vary samples are given 1 turns LV 2 turned AV 3 grows AV 4 grown LV 5 became LV 6 looked LV 7 Look AV 8 tasted AV 9 tastes LV 10 sounds LV
~ page14
Exercise A Identifying Helping Verbs (Helpshying verbs are simply listed key verbs are undershylined rather than circled) 1 has acted 2 Did tell 3 does ride 4 Have traveled 5 must have seen 6 could have offered 7 should have lasted 8 have seen 9 does hear 10 could have succeeded
Exercise B Adding Helping Verbs to Senshytences Helping verbs may vary samples are given 1 can answer 2 have been studying 3 must have seen 4 could have been hurt 5 have been doing 6 Will open 7 have exshypressed 8 might have expected 9 did begin 10 had been working
[i] pages 15-17
Exercise A Identifying Adjectives (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 Several (families) an outdoor (party) the new (neighshybors) 2 The quaint charming old (house) sevshyeral major (repairs) 3 The wealthy (family) an extensive (collection) antique (glass) 4 The worthy (cause) many generous (contributions) 5 the (end) the first (round) a narrow (lead)
6 Few (people) that (street) young (children) 7 Western (movies) popular many (years) 8 A good daily (diet) adequate (calcium) 9 many (countries) southern (food) spicier northern (food) 10 The entire (kingdom) the terrible (spell) the wicked (sorcerer)
Exercise B Adding Adjectives to Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 extravagant several 2 angry more 3 That wool 4 first birthday 5 Two large gray
Exercise A Recognizing Nouns Used as Adjectives Proper Adjectives and Comshypound Adjectives 1 compound 2 compound 3 noun 4 proper 5 noun 6 compound 7 noun 8 compound 9 proper 10 proper (or noun)
Exercise B Using Proper and Compound Adjectives to Modify Nouns 1 deep-sea fishing 2 sidewalk sale 3 Asian nation 4 English poet 5 small-town boy 6 Roman villa 7 salt-water pool 8 Persian rug 9 Turkish coffee 10 front-row seat
Exercise A Adding Pronouns Used as Adjecshytives Some pronouns may vary samples are given 1 that 2 Some 3 Any 4 which 5 his 6 their 7 Each 8 Most 9 Whose 10 these
Exercise B Recognizing Verbs Used as Adjectives (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 shattered (windowpane) 2 screaming (baby) 3 looking (glass) 4 fallen (branch) 5 stolen (money) 6 freezing (rain) 7 winning (car) 8 drowning (boy) 9 following (pages) 10 departing (passengers)
[EJ pages 18-19
Exercise A Recognizing Adverbs (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 quite (rapshyidly) rapidly (melted) 2 surprisingly (good) 3 very (well) well (suits) 4 somewhat (dissatshyisfied) 5 truly (festive) 6 fairly (early) early (completed) 7 almost (forgot) 8 very (nearly) nearly (ready) 9 almost (totally) toshytally (destroyed) 10 exceptionally (clever)
Exercise B Identifying Adverbs and Nouns Used as Adverbs (Nouns used as adverbs are underlined rather than circled) 1 not
4
2 home 3 increasingly 4 truly 5 yesterday 6 often weekends 7 Friday 8 pleasantly 9 tonight 10 somewhat
Exercise A Distinguishing Between AdJecshytives and Adverbs 1 adverb 2 adjective 3 adverb 4 adjective 5 adverb 6 adjective 7 adverb 8 adverb 9 adjective 10 adjective
Exercise B Adding Adverbs and Adjectives to Sentences 1 regularly 2 sore 3 honest 4 carefully 5 frequently 6 regular 7 honestly 8 careful 9 sorely to frequent
~ pages 20-21
Exercise A Supplying Prepositions Answers will vary samples are given 1 throughout 2 amid 3 in addition to 4 next to 5 about 6 by 7 on 8 in place of 9 but 10 In spite of
Exercise B Identifying Prepositional Phrases (Objects are listed rather than circled) 1 IAccording to paper at duskl 2 for you next to mine 3 between countriesl 4 lof apples [into slicesl 5 Iwith exposure Ifor plant 6 lin back lof boat from spray 7 through courtyard 8 Idown street Ion top] lof garageJ 9 into house] Ithrough crack in window 10 lunderneath woodpile Ibehind barn
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Preposishytions and Adverbs 1 adv 2 adv 3 prep 4 prep 5 adv 6 prep 7 adv 8 adv 9 prep 10 prep
Exercise B Adding Prepositions and Adshyverbs to Sentences (Objects are underlined rather than circled) 1a between b between states 2a by hand b by 3a on b on ~ lope 4a behind house b behind 5a past lishybrary b past
] pages 22-24
Exercise A Identifying Conjunctions 1 before subordinating 2 yet coordinating 3 but coordinating 4 bothand correlative 5 while subordinating 6 than subordinating 7 Neithernor correlative 8 until subordinatshying 9 so that subordinating 10 whenever subordinating
Exercise B Adding Conjunctions in Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 While 2 both and 3 but 4 or 5 Although
Exercise A Identifying Words as Conjuncshytions Prepositions or Adverbs 1 conj 2 adv 3 conj 4 prep 5 adv 6 conj 7 conj 8 prep 9 coni 10 prep
Exercise B Adding Conjunctions Preposishytions or Adverbs to Sentences 1 before a adv b conj c prep 2 until a prep b conj 3 after a prep b conj c adv 4 Since a prep b conj
Exercise A Recognizing Conjunctive Adshyverbs 1 besides 2 therefore 3 none 4 indeed 5 none 6 nevertheless 7 again 8 then 9 none 10 consequently
Exercise B Adding Interjections to Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Ouch 2 Alas 3 Wow 4 Gee 5 Golly 6 Eek 7 Drat 8 Oh 9 Hurray 10 Whew
~ page25
Exercise A Identifying Parts of Speech la adj b n 2a v b adj 3a v b n 4a pro b adj 5a adj b n 6a interjection b n 7a v b n 8a conj b prep 9a n b v IOa adv b adj
Exercise B Using Words as Different Parts of Speech Answers wiII vary samples are given 1 a The prisoner refused to end his fast b Beshyfore that test you must fast from food and water for twelve hours c Cheetahs run very fast 2 a We should arrive by noon b Did you ask the Jewitts to stop by
J pages 26-29
Exercise A Recognizing Complete Subjects and Predicates 1 zebras Iroamed 2 Elena Idid 3 game Irequires 4 hallway I makes 5 owners Iarranged 6 States Iwas 7 It Icontinues 8 Children Ienjoy 9 elephants Iare 10 II accepted
Exercise B More Work with Complete Subshyjects and Predicates 1 corner Igrew 2 behavior Iaroused 3 crocodiles Icarry 4 Hieroglyphics Iwere 5 Spectators Iapshyplauded 6 boat I takes 7 Day I is 8 pie I is 9 belts Isave 10 Jeremy Iphoned
5
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Senshytences and Fragments 1 F 2 S 3 S 4 F 5 S 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 S to S
Exercise B Writing Sentences from Fragshyments Answers will vary samples are given 1 We ordered pizza in spite of Susannas objecshytions 4 We had moderate temperatures throughout the summer 6 Visitors from far and near tour the nations capitaL 7 The player with the highest batting average in the league was honored at a banquet 8 My mother spends several hours a week on her hobby
Exercise A Recognizing Simple Subjects and Predicates (Simple subjects and predicates are both underlined once) 1 Many photoshygraphshad become 2 Weenjoyed 3 organizers eventwere 4 sound vehishyclesgierced 5 All groupwear 6 You gromised 7 few membersdid not attend 8 number propertieswere destroyed 9 Whovolunteered to Mornhad not ordered
Exercise B Adding Sentence Parts Answers will vary samples are given Simple subjects and predicates are underlined rather than circled 1 My sister reads several books a week 2 Every visitor to our home receives a friendly welcome 3 No one in my homeroom takes typing 4 Kevin bats left-handed 5 The chef in that restaurant studied in Paris 6 These mail-order items arrived in record time 7 United States senators are elected to six-year terms 8 Every member of the club receives a membership card 9 The nickname of our state is the Nutmeg State 10 Most of the animals in the circus have been trained by Gunther
Exercise A Recognizing Compound Subshyjects I Jake I 2 President Vice President 3 Senate House of Representatives Supreme Court 4 guests hosts 5 lilacs roses 6 Shrimp shellfish 7 Oranges lemons limes grapefruits 8 Paul I 9 guide guards 10 Measles mumps
Exercise B Recognizing Compound Verbs I touched glided 2 did give practiced 3 writes bats 4 writes calls 5 added adshyjusted turned 6 clapped cheered called 7 put yawned 8 checked found 9 overgrew began to retreated surrendered
~ page30
Exercise A Finding Subjects tn Orders or Directions Subjects are all (you) carets go beshy
fore the words given 1 turn 2 let 3 Remember 4 read 5 remind
Exercise B Finding Subjects in Inverted Sentences 1 firefighters 2 we 3 solution ~ 4 errors 5 multitude
~ pages 31-32
Exercise A Identifying Direct Objects I sheets 2 novel articles 3 bus 4 doorkeeper 5 teacher 6 State Street High Road 7 daffodils flowers 8 fabric 9 notes 10 kinds
Exercise B More Work with Direct Objects (Direct objects are in parentheses) I (games) for hours 2 with a ball of yarn 3 (party) 4 by the side of the road 5 (steaks) (seafood) 6 (everything) with great care 6 in front of the camera 8 (car) to a shadier sgot 9 (horse) 10 out of town
Exercise A Identifying Indirect Objects 1 Michelle Joe 2 lawyer 3 guest 4 police 5 Kelly 6 Helen Kim 7 Boris 8 Mom Dad 9 Aunt Helen to me
Exercise B Recognizing Objective Compleshyments 1 satisfying adj 2 treasurer n 3 invalid adj 4 busy adj 5 Toby n J
~ page33
Exercise A Recognizing Predicate Nominashytives and Predicate Adjectives 1 tired exhilerated PA 2 tan muscular PA 3 bestshyseller PN 4 popular PA 5 distance PN 6 consultant PN 7 triplets PN 8 surgeon internist PN 9 thorough PA to constructive workable PA
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Comshypound Subject Complements Answers will vary samples are given 1 practical PA 2 zesty PA 3 rich PA 4 Saints PN 5 Lou PN
] pages 34-35
Exercise A Recognizing the Parts of Basic Sentence Patterns (Complements are simply listed not boxed) 1 guide showed us route 2 Jack Joan had visited us 3 work ~ detailed delicate 4 Amanda felt discouragedshy5 ViCtoria became Queen 6 graduates began ceremonies 7 director sent us brochure-shy8 Dora gave party 9 inSifration made me stushydent to Dad gromised Hugh me bonus
6
Exercise B Recognizing Basic Sentence Patshyterns 1 S-AV-IO-DO 2 S-S-AV-DO 3 S-LV-PA-PA 4 S-LV-PA 5 S-LV-PN 6 S-AV-DO 7 S-AV-IO-DO 8 S-AV-DO
- 9 S-AV-DO-OC 10 S-AV-IO-IO-DO
Exercise A Recognizing the Parts of Inshyverted Sentence Patterns (Complements are simply listed not boxed) 1 eager we were 2 ~ chance 3 courses will you be takmg 4 Has Gerry prepared speech 5 mountains those are 6 Am lone 7 are books 8 bolted stallion 9 Was l2y successful 10 came shriek - - shy
Exercise B Recognizing Inverted Sentence Patterns 1 COMP-S-V 2 V-S 3 COMPshyHV-S-V 4 HV-S-V-COMP 5 COMP-S-V 6 V-S-COMP 7 V-S 8 V- S 9 V-S-COMP 10 V-S
~ pages 36-38
Exercise A Diagraming Subjects Verbs Modifiers and Conjunctions
1
wild flowers
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagrams
1
2 (you) move
3 Here
answer Is
Exercise A Diagraming Sentences with Conjunctions
1 was assassinated
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagraming
1 Sandy
Dennis
2
met
3
7
L
Exercise A Diagraming Complements
Immunity
2
declared
Exercise B More Work with Complements
1
~ page39
Exercise A Identifying Adjective Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 in the lab (Everyone) on page 30 (experiment) 2 at the end (house) of the street (end) 3 in the fence (gate) around the estate (fence) 4 for the new committee (plans) 5 from France (students) in our neighborhood (family)
Exercise B Identifying Adverb Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) L from one foot (shifted) to the other (shifted) 2 Without any hesitation (stepped) to the microshyphone (stepped) 3 to the launch pad (close) 4 After the game (stopped) at the diner (stopped) 5 for a glimpse (eager)
~ page40
Exercise A Identifying Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases (Renamed words are given in parentheses) L July 14 (Bastille Day) 2 Juan Linda (person) 3 tunafish with lettuce and cheese (lunch) 4 a moist fertile spot in the desert (oasis) 5 her faithful clerk (Jenkins) 6 all (We) 7 Phyllis Len (captains) 8 a young couple from Paris (neighbors) 9 Arsenic and Old Lace (comedy) 10 Pete Sue Judy (them)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Apposishytives and Appositive Phrases 1 The explorshyers Lewis and Clark opened the Northwest Terrishytory 2 Delaware has only three counties Kent Sussex and New Castle 3 My cousin lives in Austin the capital of Texas 4 A local reporter Annette Jackson broke the story 5 Both finalshyists Logan and Bruce are fine competitors
] pages 41-43
Exercise A Identifying Participles (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 broken (finshyger) past 2 crying (baby) present 3 stirring (speech) present 4 injured (bird) past 5 frozen (dessert) past 6 acting (chairman) present 7 drowning (man) present 8 building (permit) present 9 broken (promshyise) past to revised (proposal) past
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Verbs and Participles 1 verb 2 participle 3 participle 4 verb 5 participle 6 verb 7 verb 8 participle 9 participle to verb
Exercise A Recognizing Participial Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 visiting the Jacksons (family) 2 signed by Napoleon (letter) 3 Feeling uneasy (baby-sitter) 4 sold at the farm store (pie) 5 Bought by an eccentric millionaire (car) 6 standing outside the library (Mike) 7 having a pet (Anyone) 8 Confused by the directions (contestant) 9 hanging from the ceiling (plant) 10 lost in the department store (child)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Particishypial Phrases 1 The person looking in the window is our neighbor 2 The storm coming from the west is bringing precipitation 3 Early sketches made by that painter have become valushyable 4 The wallet found on the street had no identification in it 5 We enjoyed all the food served at the party
8
Exercise A Recognizing Nominative Absoshylutes 1 The band continuing to play 2 Hours having passed without any word 3 The patient recovering nicely 4 her right hand broken 5 their best players injured 6 Their chores completed 7 The train having broken down 8 The buffet table looking so tempting 9 Their argument resolved 10 The air conditioning not working
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Nominashytive Absolutes Answers will vary samples are given 1 A parade scheduled for tomorrow the police 2 Our decorations complete the room 3 Her sweater at home Lucy 4 for Kenny his being broken 5 The apshyplause having subsided the speaker
~ pages 44-45
Exercise A Recognizing Gerunds 1 Fishing S 2 coloring DO 3 flying OP 4 Losing S 5 cheating OP 6 bowling APP 7 Pruning S 8 skiing APP 9 training 10 10 drawing OP
Exercise B Recognizing Verbs Participles and Gerunds 1 G 2 G 3 P 4 V 5 V 6 G 7 P 8 V 9 G 10 P
Exercise A Recognizing Gerund Phrases 1 learning French DO 2 counting to ten PN 3 Training long hours S 4 changing her mind about the color for the walls DO 5 Working for the mayors re-election S 6 our working so hard DO 7 entering the house OP 8 choosing a good topic PN 9 finding the buried treasure OP 10 practicing hard OP
Exercise B Writing Nouns and Pronouns Beshyfore Gerunds 1 their 2 Suzis 3 our 4 His 5 My 6 Her 7 Their 8 his 9 Kens 10 Your
] pages 46-47
Exercise A Identifying Inftnitives 1 to acshycept adv 2 to work adj 3 to learn adv 4 to succeed adv 5 to try adv 6 to fly n 7 to watch adj 8 to rule adj 9 to listen n 10 to play n
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Preposishytional Phrases and Inftnitlves 1 fNF 2 PP 3 PP 4 INF 5 PP 6 INF 7 INF 8 PP 9 PP 10 lNF
Exercise A Recognizing Inftnitlve Phrases 1 to take seriously adj 2 to work harder adj
3 all entries to bemailedbyThursdayn4to try on their new uniforms adv 5 Mindy to aushydition for the part n 6 to wait till dinnertime n 7 to spend the night adj 8 to find that game adj 9 to sell some of these tickets n 10 her to apply for the job n
Exercise B More Work with Inftnitlve Phrases 1 that team (to) win the World Series 2 to show us an alternate route 3 him W Qy that concerto before 4 the pitcher W practice before the game 5 our cousins to ~ for the weekend 6 (to) disagree with the President in public 7 you (to) stay for dinner 8 (to) bring an inexpensive humorous gift 9 her to run again 10 s (to) take a break from raking these leaves
em pages 48-50
Exercise A Diagraming Prepositional Phrases 1
you
2 doll
Exercise B Diagraming Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases
1 Doug
Connie (worker)
9
Exercise A Diagraming Participial Phrases and Nominative Absolutes
1 We approached
2 spirits
confident
we entered contest
Exercise B Diagraming Gerunds and Gerund Phrases
1
We were disturbed
2 Whittling
became
Exercise A Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Nouns
1
threetened
2 Logan
- C3t build
you
Exercise 8 Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Adjectives and Adverbs
1
lt o follow
2
CIJ page 51
Exercise A Recognizing Adjective Clauses (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 where John F Kennedy was born (house) 2 that I cant identify (spice) 3 for whom I left the message (one) 4 whose mother is the disshytrict attorney (one) 5 that cherishes football (state) 6 who inspired me to study chemistry (teacher) 7 I have known since kindergarten (someone) 8 whose work was once ignored (poet) 9 Dad will surely like (something) 10 in which I keep my change (box)
Exercise 8 Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 where adv 2 that DO 3 whom OP 4 whose adj 5 that S 6 who S 7 (that) DO 8 whose adj 9 (that) DO to which OP
~ page52
Exercise A Identifying Adverb Clauses (Subordinating conjunctions are underlined rather than circled) 1 if we are home by eleven 2 where it would get the most sun 3 whenever he has time 4 After the butter has melted 5 if you ask her -shy
10
Exercise B Identifying Elliptical Clauses 1 While sick elliptical 2 than the one before elliptical 3 as Ben elliptical 4 as the clerk had promised 5 than jogging elliptical
J page53
Exercise A Identifying Noun Clauses 1 That we arrived just then S 2 when the last bus leaves DO 3 whoever wins 10 4 That she was sick S 5 which house has more space PN 6 that you enter the contest again DO 7 whatever became of Jane OP 8 whomever you see 10 9 What Carol reshyported S 10 whether he should work or go fishing PN
Exercise B Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 That NONE 2 when ADV 3 whoever S 4 That NONE 5 which ADJ 6 that NONE 7 whatever S 8 whomever DO 9 What DO 10 whether NONE
~ pages 54-55
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Simple and Compound Sentences I compound 2 simple 3 simple 4 compound 5 compound 6 simple 7 compound 8 simple 9 compound 10 simple
Exercise B Identifying the Structure of Senshytences I 3 2 1 3 2 4 2 5 1 6 4 7 1 8 3 9 I 10 4
Exercise A Identifying the Function of Senshytences I imperative 2 interrogative 3 interrogative 4 declarative 5 imperative 6 exclamatory 7 imperative 8 declarative 9 declarative 10 interrogative
Exercise B Choosing the Correct End Mark by Function I (0 2 () 3 (1) 4 () 5 () 6 () 7 (I) 8 () 9 () 10 ()
] pages 56-58
Exercise A Diagraming Compound Sentences 1
(you) Tie
I or _ I
may fallswing I I
Mike advertised I I IL but __
no one
I I
applied
~ It
Exercise B Diagraming Compound Elements and Compound Sentences 1
Maureen
2 (you)
I I
IL for __
Watch
I I
sidewalk maybe slippery
Exercise A Diagraming Adjective and Adshyverb Clauses 1
you should write
you gift
2 Edna
she
11
someone
Exercise A Diagraming Compound-Complex Sentences
1
unloaded car I I I I and _-
I I
led
1 1
1
$I
$1 I
I
found campsite
us
2 she took
lil
I sect Julie went L_b~~
6 Chtcago
she will fly
~ Los Angeles
I
I butL __ It Inaccurate
I I
do know l
[D pages 59-60
Exercise A Identifying Sentence Fragments bull 1 fragment 2 fragment 3 sentence ~ 4 fragment 5 fragment 6 sentence 7 fragment 8 fragment 9 fragment 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Sentence Fragments Answers will vary samples are given 1 It can be a mistake to believe everything you hear 2 What can we buy a person who has everyshything 4 The woman on the speakers platform will nominate the presidential candidate 5 Pete plays the piano with enthusiasm and enshyergy 7 Heaping platters and bowls of delicashycies filled the buffet table 8 That ballerina gave one of the most exciting performances I have ever seen 9 Driving along the Pacific Coast was a thrilling experience
Exercise A Identifying Run-ons 1 sentence 2 run-on 3 run-on 4 run-on 5 sentence 6 run-on 7 run-on 8 run-on 9 run-on 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Run-ons Methods of correcting will vary samples are given 2 The beach is pleasant during the week but it is crowded on weekends 3 The play was excelshylent although the cast was only mediocre 4 Jason my brother wants to become a teacher
12
6 Youll love that book because its a mystery 7 Ben applied for a variety of jobs but everyone said he was over qualified 8 Although in genshyeral I hate exercise swimming is one thing I do enjoy 9 When Juliette fell off the swing she broke her wrist
J pages 61-63
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 with a cry of dismay 2 a dozen times 4 with deep emotion in his voice 5 with squeals of delight 7 from the upstairs window 8 in the thrift shop 9 in the princishypals office to with a secret compartment
Exercise B Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Flying low over the treetops 2 Shucking oysters at Caros Clam Bar 4 Clearing the bar at seventeen feet 5 practicing last week 6 motoring through Vermont 7 Cheered by a taste of success 9 Peering through the keyhole to Arriving at the theater an hour late
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 at 800 PM 2 with a duck in his mouth 3 using his high-speed camera 4 in an angry voice 5 Cheering wildly 6 in the middle of our trip 7 with small bones in them 8 strolling around the village green 9 with a jelly jar to on the enclosed postcard
Exercise B Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Tonight at 800 PM WClV presents 2 With a duck in his mouth the retriever swam 3 Using his high-speed camera Dad 4 In an angry voice the customer demanded 5 Cheering wildly the fans greeted the home team 6 Mom remembered in the middle of our trip that she had not 7 Please dont give scraps with small bones in them 8 Strolling around the village green we saw 9 With a jelly jar David waited patiently for to Let us know on the enclosed postcard
Exercise A Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Strolling through the narrow streets 2 Searching for the missing contract 3 Doing my homework 4 Before parking in that lot 5 while watching the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail 7 approaching the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas 9 Entering the dinshying room 10 Born into an immigrant family
Exercise B Correcting Dangling Modifiers Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Strolling through the narrow streets we found
the native quarter picturesque 2 Searching for the missing contract the author turned the whole house upside down 3 Doing my homework I found the radio next door distracting 4 Before parking in that lot a person must purchase a sticker 5 His wallet was stolen while he watched the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail the sheriff thought the case was closed 7 Vegetation became sparse as we approached the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas the Gants discovered oil 9 Entering the dining room we exclaimed at how appetizing the roast turkey looked to Born into an immigrant family the young woman thought the White House was an imposshysible goal for her
] pages 64-65
Exercise A Recognizing Parallel Ideas 1 cooking sewing painting 2 by eating less by exercising more 3 for originality for aptness of expression 4 brief colorful 5 to be true to himself to value his friends to keep his own counsel 6 groceries childrens clothing preshyscription drugs 7 c~tting costs increasing proshyductivity improving distribution 8 taking careshyful notes reviewing the material daily 9 who could have committed so bizarre a crime what the motive might have been 10 imaginative pashytient sympathetic
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Corred and Faulty Parallelism 1 F 2 C 3 F 4 C 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F to C
Exercise A Identifying Faulty Parallelism Exact portions underlined may vary within reashyson samples are given 1 for being colorless that he was overly cautious 2 cooking to clean up afterward 3 who will help in the stock room to make deliveries 4 Reading the book to write a report on it 5 played with great feelshying occasionally hitting some sour notes 6 hiking to camp out 7 by cutting costs sell more widgets 8 receiving letters to write them 9 typing filing to do simple bookkeeping 10 on flying to take a train
Exercise B Correcting Faulty Parallelism Corrections will vary samples are given 1 for being colorless and overly cautious 2 likes cooking but dislikes cleaning up afterward 3 someone who will work in the stock room and make deliveries 4 Reading the book was fun but writing a report on it was hard 5 played with great feeling but occasionally hit some sour notes 6 liked hiking and campshy
13
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
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Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
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4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
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Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
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3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
Copyright copy 1998 by Prentice-Hall Inc a Viacom Company Upper Saddle River New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproshyduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying recording or by any information storage or retrieval system without permission in writing from the publisher Printed in the United States of America
ISBN 0-13-434763-3
2345678910 0100
PRENTICE HALL = Simon amp Schuster Education Group A VIACO CO PAHV
Answers
~ pages5-6
Exercise A Identifying Nouns (Abstract nouns are simply listed not circled) 1 Constitution rights 2 concern hikers time 3 grace birds tourists 4 Paula fear success 5 difference Lou Len attitude 6 hunters deer elk moose 7 doctor Sherry advice 8 article newspaper opening Marvelle Park 9 sign auditorium soloists 10 nurse hospital splint arm
Exercise B Recognizing Compound Nouns (Compound nouns are simply listed not circled) 1 scientist breakthrough research 2 birdwatcher way underbrush 3 player home runs game 4 host guests dining room 5 stepmother heart attack 6 jack-in-the-box my two-year-old 7 heat wave records 8 plans high school 9 Spring-cleaning chore people 10 actor spotlight
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns 1 Brooklyn Bridge 2 Tower of London 3 Bulldogs 4 Jackson High School 5 California 6 Willow Street 7 Abigail Adams 8 Uncle Mike 9 Montana 10 Mount Rushmore
Exercise B Adding Proper Nouns to Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jane Street 2 Vikings 3 Mexico 4 Lincoln MemorialS Louise 6 Delaware River 7 Nebraska 8 Garden Spot 9 Ford 10 Jack London
] pages 7-10
Exercise A Identifying Antecedents 1 AI 2 critics 3 man Sally 4 Hannah bikes 5 Climbing to the top of the Washington Monument 6 trunk 7 students 8 twins 9 Anthony Mrs Lee 10 senator bill
Exercise B Adding Pronouns to Match Anteshycedents Some answers may vary samples are given 1 his 2 its its 3 you some 4 their 5 your 6 her 7 who him 8 their 9 its 10 some their
Exercise A Identifying Personal Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns 1 themselves reshyflexive 2 my personal 3 themselves intenshy
sive 4 yourself reflexive 5 his personal 6 herself intensive 7 it personal 8 himself intensive 9 themselves reflexive 10 your personal
Exercise B Adding Personal Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns to Sentences 1 them 2 ourselves 3 its 4 myself 5 her 6 his 7 ourselves 8 our 9 themselves 10 herself
Exercise A Recognizing Demonstrative Relshyative and Interrogative Pronouns 1 demonstrative 2 relative 3 interrogative 4 relative 5 interrogative 6 demonstrative 7 interrogative 8 relative 9 demonstrative 10 relative
Exercise B Adding Demonstrative Relative and Interrogative Pronouns to Sentences Some answers may vary samples are given 1 Which 2 those 3 whom 4 that 5 Who 6 This 7 Who 8 who 9 which 10 What
Exercise A Recognizing Indeflnlte Proshynouns 1 Everyone 2 Someone most 3 Each 4 None much 5 Few anything 6 either other 7 Both everyone 8 Several much 9 No one something 10 Many everything
Exercise B Adding Indeflnite Pronouns to Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Most 2 either 3 much 4 nothing 5 all 6 others 7 Everything 8 some 9 little 10 Everything
~ pages 11-13
Exercise A Recognizing Action Verbs 1 thought M 2 pointed V 3 swung V 4 decided M 5 made V 6 plays V 7 sipped V 8 considered M 9 drew V 10 entered V
Exercise B Adding Transitive and Intransishytive Verbs to Sentences Verbs themselves will vary samples are given 1 ordered T 2 moved I 3 grew I 4 gave T 5 sells T 6 put T 7 gusted I 8 arrived I 9 scheduled T 10 wrote T
Exercise A Recognizing Forms of Be Used as Unking VerbS (Words linked are given in parentheses) 1 should be (Safety-ltoncern) 2 would be (1-happy) 3 is (Elaine-late)
3
4 can be (Andrew-child) 5 could have been (What-cause) 6 is (That-amount) 7 was (setback-temporary) 8 will be (Jenny-presishydent) 9 is being (Jason-polite) 10 was (Thomas Jefferson-President)
Exercise B Identifying Other Unklng Verbs (Words linked are given in parentheses) 1 appears (Kevin-taller) 2 tastes (sausagesshyspicier) 3 remained (cause-mystery) 4 looks (stranger-suspicious) 5 stayed (child-quiet) 6 became (glove-trademark) 7 remains (AA Milne-au~hor) 8 turned (hair-gray) 9 smell (books-musty) 10 felt (I-queasy)
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Unking Verbs and Action Verbs 1 action 2 linking 3 action 4 action 5 linking 6 linking 7 action 8 linking 9 action 10 linking
Exercise B Adding Verbs to Sentences Verbs may vary samples are given 1 turns LV 2 turned AV 3 grows AV 4 grown LV 5 became LV 6 looked LV 7 Look AV 8 tasted AV 9 tastes LV 10 sounds LV
~ page14
Exercise A Identifying Helping Verbs (Helpshying verbs are simply listed key verbs are undershylined rather than circled) 1 has acted 2 Did tell 3 does ride 4 Have traveled 5 must have seen 6 could have offered 7 should have lasted 8 have seen 9 does hear 10 could have succeeded
Exercise B Adding Helping Verbs to Senshytences Helping verbs may vary samples are given 1 can answer 2 have been studying 3 must have seen 4 could have been hurt 5 have been doing 6 Will open 7 have exshypressed 8 might have expected 9 did begin 10 had been working
[i] pages 15-17
Exercise A Identifying Adjectives (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 Several (families) an outdoor (party) the new (neighshybors) 2 The quaint charming old (house) sevshyeral major (repairs) 3 The wealthy (family) an extensive (collection) antique (glass) 4 The worthy (cause) many generous (contributions) 5 the (end) the first (round) a narrow (lead)
6 Few (people) that (street) young (children) 7 Western (movies) popular many (years) 8 A good daily (diet) adequate (calcium) 9 many (countries) southern (food) spicier northern (food) 10 The entire (kingdom) the terrible (spell) the wicked (sorcerer)
Exercise B Adding Adjectives to Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 extravagant several 2 angry more 3 That wool 4 first birthday 5 Two large gray
Exercise A Recognizing Nouns Used as Adjectives Proper Adjectives and Comshypound Adjectives 1 compound 2 compound 3 noun 4 proper 5 noun 6 compound 7 noun 8 compound 9 proper 10 proper (or noun)
Exercise B Using Proper and Compound Adjectives to Modify Nouns 1 deep-sea fishing 2 sidewalk sale 3 Asian nation 4 English poet 5 small-town boy 6 Roman villa 7 salt-water pool 8 Persian rug 9 Turkish coffee 10 front-row seat
Exercise A Adding Pronouns Used as Adjecshytives Some pronouns may vary samples are given 1 that 2 Some 3 Any 4 which 5 his 6 their 7 Each 8 Most 9 Whose 10 these
Exercise B Recognizing Verbs Used as Adjectives (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 shattered (windowpane) 2 screaming (baby) 3 looking (glass) 4 fallen (branch) 5 stolen (money) 6 freezing (rain) 7 winning (car) 8 drowning (boy) 9 following (pages) 10 departing (passengers)
[EJ pages 18-19
Exercise A Recognizing Adverbs (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 quite (rapshyidly) rapidly (melted) 2 surprisingly (good) 3 very (well) well (suits) 4 somewhat (dissatshyisfied) 5 truly (festive) 6 fairly (early) early (completed) 7 almost (forgot) 8 very (nearly) nearly (ready) 9 almost (totally) toshytally (destroyed) 10 exceptionally (clever)
Exercise B Identifying Adverbs and Nouns Used as Adverbs (Nouns used as adverbs are underlined rather than circled) 1 not
4
2 home 3 increasingly 4 truly 5 yesterday 6 often weekends 7 Friday 8 pleasantly 9 tonight 10 somewhat
Exercise A Distinguishing Between AdJecshytives and Adverbs 1 adverb 2 adjective 3 adverb 4 adjective 5 adverb 6 adjective 7 adverb 8 adverb 9 adjective 10 adjective
Exercise B Adding Adverbs and Adjectives to Sentences 1 regularly 2 sore 3 honest 4 carefully 5 frequently 6 regular 7 honestly 8 careful 9 sorely to frequent
~ pages 20-21
Exercise A Supplying Prepositions Answers will vary samples are given 1 throughout 2 amid 3 in addition to 4 next to 5 about 6 by 7 on 8 in place of 9 but 10 In spite of
Exercise B Identifying Prepositional Phrases (Objects are listed rather than circled) 1 IAccording to paper at duskl 2 for you next to mine 3 between countriesl 4 lof apples [into slicesl 5 Iwith exposure Ifor plant 6 lin back lof boat from spray 7 through courtyard 8 Idown street Ion top] lof garageJ 9 into house] Ithrough crack in window 10 lunderneath woodpile Ibehind barn
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Preposishytions and Adverbs 1 adv 2 adv 3 prep 4 prep 5 adv 6 prep 7 adv 8 adv 9 prep 10 prep
Exercise B Adding Prepositions and Adshyverbs to Sentences (Objects are underlined rather than circled) 1a between b between states 2a by hand b by 3a on b on ~ lope 4a behind house b behind 5a past lishybrary b past
] pages 22-24
Exercise A Identifying Conjunctions 1 before subordinating 2 yet coordinating 3 but coordinating 4 bothand correlative 5 while subordinating 6 than subordinating 7 Neithernor correlative 8 until subordinatshying 9 so that subordinating 10 whenever subordinating
Exercise B Adding Conjunctions in Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 While 2 both and 3 but 4 or 5 Although
Exercise A Identifying Words as Conjuncshytions Prepositions or Adverbs 1 conj 2 adv 3 conj 4 prep 5 adv 6 conj 7 conj 8 prep 9 coni 10 prep
Exercise B Adding Conjunctions Preposishytions or Adverbs to Sentences 1 before a adv b conj c prep 2 until a prep b conj 3 after a prep b conj c adv 4 Since a prep b conj
Exercise A Recognizing Conjunctive Adshyverbs 1 besides 2 therefore 3 none 4 indeed 5 none 6 nevertheless 7 again 8 then 9 none 10 consequently
Exercise B Adding Interjections to Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Ouch 2 Alas 3 Wow 4 Gee 5 Golly 6 Eek 7 Drat 8 Oh 9 Hurray 10 Whew
~ page25
Exercise A Identifying Parts of Speech la adj b n 2a v b adj 3a v b n 4a pro b adj 5a adj b n 6a interjection b n 7a v b n 8a conj b prep 9a n b v IOa adv b adj
Exercise B Using Words as Different Parts of Speech Answers wiII vary samples are given 1 a The prisoner refused to end his fast b Beshyfore that test you must fast from food and water for twelve hours c Cheetahs run very fast 2 a We should arrive by noon b Did you ask the Jewitts to stop by
J pages 26-29
Exercise A Recognizing Complete Subjects and Predicates 1 zebras Iroamed 2 Elena Idid 3 game Irequires 4 hallway I makes 5 owners Iarranged 6 States Iwas 7 It Icontinues 8 Children Ienjoy 9 elephants Iare 10 II accepted
Exercise B More Work with Complete Subshyjects and Predicates 1 corner Igrew 2 behavior Iaroused 3 crocodiles Icarry 4 Hieroglyphics Iwere 5 Spectators Iapshyplauded 6 boat I takes 7 Day I is 8 pie I is 9 belts Isave 10 Jeremy Iphoned
5
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Senshytences and Fragments 1 F 2 S 3 S 4 F 5 S 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 S to S
Exercise B Writing Sentences from Fragshyments Answers will vary samples are given 1 We ordered pizza in spite of Susannas objecshytions 4 We had moderate temperatures throughout the summer 6 Visitors from far and near tour the nations capitaL 7 The player with the highest batting average in the league was honored at a banquet 8 My mother spends several hours a week on her hobby
Exercise A Recognizing Simple Subjects and Predicates (Simple subjects and predicates are both underlined once) 1 Many photoshygraphshad become 2 Weenjoyed 3 organizers eventwere 4 sound vehishyclesgierced 5 All groupwear 6 You gromised 7 few membersdid not attend 8 number propertieswere destroyed 9 Whovolunteered to Mornhad not ordered
Exercise B Adding Sentence Parts Answers will vary samples are given Simple subjects and predicates are underlined rather than circled 1 My sister reads several books a week 2 Every visitor to our home receives a friendly welcome 3 No one in my homeroom takes typing 4 Kevin bats left-handed 5 The chef in that restaurant studied in Paris 6 These mail-order items arrived in record time 7 United States senators are elected to six-year terms 8 Every member of the club receives a membership card 9 The nickname of our state is the Nutmeg State 10 Most of the animals in the circus have been trained by Gunther
Exercise A Recognizing Compound Subshyjects I Jake I 2 President Vice President 3 Senate House of Representatives Supreme Court 4 guests hosts 5 lilacs roses 6 Shrimp shellfish 7 Oranges lemons limes grapefruits 8 Paul I 9 guide guards 10 Measles mumps
Exercise B Recognizing Compound Verbs I touched glided 2 did give practiced 3 writes bats 4 writes calls 5 added adshyjusted turned 6 clapped cheered called 7 put yawned 8 checked found 9 overgrew began to retreated surrendered
~ page30
Exercise A Finding Subjects tn Orders or Directions Subjects are all (you) carets go beshy
fore the words given 1 turn 2 let 3 Remember 4 read 5 remind
Exercise B Finding Subjects in Inverted Sentences 1 firefighters 2 we 3 solution ~ 4 errors 5 multitude
~ pages 31-32
Exercise A Identifying Direct Objects I sheets 2 novel articles 3 bus 4 doorkeeper 5 teacher 6 State Street High Road 7 daffodils flowers 8 fabric 9 notes 10 kinds
Exercise B More Work with Direct Objects (Direct objects are in parentheses) I (games) for hours 2 with a ball of yarn 3 (party) 4 by the side of the road 5 (steaks) (seafood) 6 (everything) with great care 6 in front of the camera 8 (car) to a shadier sgot 9 (horse) 10 out of town
Exercise A Identifying Indirect Objects 1 Michelle Joe 2 lawyer 3 guest 4 police 5 Kelly 6 Helen Kim 7 Boris 8 Mom Dad 9 Aunt Helen to me
Exercise B Recognizing Objective Compleshyments 1 satisfying adj 2 treasurer n 3 invalid adj 4 busy adj 5 Toby n J
~ page33
Exercise A Recognizing Predicate Nominashytives and Predicate Adjectives 1 tired exhilerated PA 2 tan muscular PA 3 bestshyseller PN 4 popular PA 5 distance PN 6 consultant PN 7 triplets PN 8 surgeon internist PN 9 thorough PA to constructive workable PA
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Comshypound Subject Complements Answers will vary samples are given 1 practical PA 2 zesty PA 3 rich PA 4 Saints PN 5 Lou PN
] pages 34-35
Exercise A Recognizing the Parts of Basic Sentence Patterns (Complements are simply listed not boxed) 1 guide showed us route 2 Jack Joan had visited us 3 work ~ detailed delicate 4 Amanda felt discouragedshy5 ViCtoria became Queen 6 graduates began ceremonies 7 director sent us brochure-shy8 Dora gave party 9 inSifration made me stushydent to Dad gromised Hugh me bonus
6
Exercise B Recognizing Basic Sentence Patshyterns 1 S-AV-IO-DO 2 S-S-AV-DO 3 S-LV-PA-PA 4 S-LV-PA 5 S-LV-PN 6 S-AV-DO 7 S-AV-IO-DO 8 S-AV-DO
- 9 S-AV-DO-OC 10 S-AV-IO-IO-DO
Exercise A Recognizing the Parts of Inshyverted Sentence Patterns (Complements are simply listed not boxed) 1 eager we were 2 ~ chance 3 courses will you be takmg 4 Has Gerry prepared speech 5 mountains those are 6 Am lone 7 are books 8 bolted stallion 9 Was l2y successful 10 came shriek - - shy
Exercise B Recognizing Inverted Sentence Patterns 1 COMP-S-V 2 V-S 3 COMPshyHV-S-V 4 HV-S-V-COMP 5 COMP-S-V 6 V-S-COMP 7 V-S 8 V- S 9 V-S-COMP 10 V-S
~ pages 36-38
Exercise A Diagraming Subjects Verbs Modifiers and Conjunctions
1
wild flowers
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagrams
1
2 (you) move
3 Here
answer Is
Exercise A Diagraming Sentences with Conjunctions
1 was assassinated
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagraming
1 Sandy
Dennis
2
met
3
7
L
Exercise A Diagraming Complements
Immunity
2
declared
Exercise B More Work with Complements
1
~ page39
Exercise A Identifying Adjective Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 in the lab (Everyone) on page 30 (experiment) 2 at the end (house) of the street (end) 3 in the fence (gate) around the estate (fence) 4 for the new committee (plans) 5 from France (students) in our neighborhood (family)
Exercise B Identifying Adverb Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) L from one foot (shifted) to the other (shifted) 2 Without any hesitation (stepped) to the microshyphone (stepped) 3 to the launch pad (close) 4 After the game (stopped) at the diner (stopped) 5 for a glimpse (eager)
~ page40
Exercise A Identifying Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases (Renamed words are given in parentheses) L July 14 (Bastille Day) 2 Juan Linda (person) 3 tunafish with lettuce and cheese (lunch) 4 a moist fertile spot in the desert (oasis) 5 her faithful clerk (Jenkins) 6 all (We) 7 Phyllis Len (captains) 8 a young couple from Paris (neighbors) 9 Arsenic and Old Lace (comedy) 10 Pete Sue Judy (them)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Apposishytives and Appositive Phrases 1 The explorshyers Lewis and Clark opened the Northwest Terrishytory 2 Delaware has only three counties Kent Sussex and New Castle 3 My cousin lives in Austin the capital of Texas 4 A local reporter Annette Jackson broke the story 5 Both finalshyists Logan and Bruce are fine competitors
] pages 41-43
Exercise A Identifying Participles (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 broken (finshyger) past 2 crying (baby) present 3 stirring (speech) present 4 injured (bird) past 5 frozen (dessert) past 6 acting (chairman) present 7 drowning (man) present 8 building (permit) present 9 broken (promshyise) past to revised (proposal) past
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Verbs and Participles 1 verb 2 participle 3 participle 4 verb 5 participle 6 verb 7 verb 8 participle 9 participle to verb
Exercise A Recognizing Participial Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 visiting the Jacksons (family) 2 signed by Napoleon (letter) 3 Feeling uneasy (baby-sitter) 4 sold at the farm store (pie) 5 Bought by an eccentric millionaire (car) 6 standing outside the library (Mike) 7 having a pet (Anyone) 8 Confused by the directions (contestant) 9 hanging from the ceiling (plant) 10 lost in the department store (child)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Particishypial Phrases 1 The person looking in the window is our neighbor 2 The storm coming from the west is bringing precipitation 3 Early sketches made by that painter have become valushyable 4 The wallet found on the street had no identification in it 5 We enjoyed all the food served at the party
8
Exercise A Recognizing Nominative Absoshylutes 1 The band continuing to play 2 Hours having passed without any word 3 The patient recovering nicely 4 her right hand broken 5 their best players injured 6 Their chores completed 7 The train having broken down 8 The buffet table looking so tempting 9 Their argument resolved 10 The air conditioning not working
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Nominashytive Absolutes Answers will vary samples are given 1 A parade scheduled for tomorrow the police 2 Our decorations complete the room 3 Her sweater at home Lucy 4 for Kenny his being broken 5 The apshyplause having subsided the speaker
~ pages 44-45
Exercise A Recognizing Gerunds 1 Fishing S 2 coloring DO 3 flying OP 4 Losing S 5 cheating OP 6 bowling APP 7 Pruning S 8 skiing APP 9 training 10 10 drawing OP
Exercise B Recognizing Verbs Participles and Gerunds 1 G 2 G 3 P 4 V 5 V 6 G 7 P 8 V 9 G 10 P
Exercise A Recognizing Gerund Phrases 1 learning French DO 2 counting to ten PN 3 Training long hours S 4 changing her mind about the color for the walls DO 5 Working for the mayors re-election S 6 our working so hard DO 7 entering the house OP 8 choosing a good topic PN 9 finding the buried treasure OP 10 practicing hard OP
Exercise B Writing Nouns and Pronouns Beshyfore Gerunds 1 their 2 Suzis 3 our 4 His 5 My 6 Her 7 Their 8 his 9 Kens 10 Your
] pages 46-47
Exercise A Identifying Inftnitives 1 to acshycept adv 2 to work adj 3 to learn adv 4 to succeed adv 5 to try adv 6 to fly n 7 to watch adj 8 to rule adj 9 to listen n 10 to play n
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Preposishytional Phrases and Inftnitlves 1 fNF 2 PP 3 PP 4 INF 5 PP 6 INF 7 INF 8 PP 9 PP 10 lNF
Exercise A Recognizing Inftnitlve Phrases 1 to take seriously adj 2 to work harder adj
3 all entries to bemailedbyThursdayn4to try on their new uniforms adv 5 Mindy to aushydition for the part n 6 to wait till dinnertime n 7 to spend the night adj 8 to find that game adj 9 to sell some of these tickets n 10 her to apply for the job n
Exercise B More Work with Inftnitlve Phrases 1 that team (to) win the World Series 2 to show us an alternate route 3 him W Qy that concerto before 4 the pitcher W practice before the game 5 our cousins to ~ for the weekend 6 (to) disagree with the President in public 7 you (to) stay for dinner 8 (to) bring an inexpensive humorous gift 9 her to run again 10 s (to) take a break from raking these leaves
em pages 48-50
Exercise A Diagraming Prepositional Phrases 1
you
2 doll
Exercise B Diagraming Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases
1 Doug
Connie (worker)
9
Exercise A Diagraming Participial Phrases and Nominative Absolutes
1 We approached
2 spirits
confident
we entered contest
Exercise B Diagraming Gerunds and Gerund Phrases
1
We were disturbed
2 Whittling
became
Exercise A Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Nouns
1
threetened
2 Logan
- C3t build
you
Exercise 8 Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Adjectives and Adverbs
1
lt o follow
2
CIJ page 51
Exercise A Recognizing Adjective Clauses (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 where John F Kennedy was born (house) 2 that I cant identify (spice) 3 for whom I left the message (one) 4 whose mother is the disshytrict attorney (one) 5 that cherishes football (state) 6 who inspired me to study chemistry (teacher) 7 I have known since kindergarten (someone) 8 whose work was once ignored (poet) 9 Dad will surely like (something) 10 in which I keep my change (box)
Exercise 8 Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 where adv 2 that DO 3 whom OP 4 whose adj 5 that S 6 who S 7 (that) DO 8 whose adj 9 (that) DO to which OP
~ page52
Exercise A Identifying Adverb Clauses (Subordinating conjunctions are underlined rather than circled) 1 if we are home by eleven 2 where it would get the most sun 3 whenever he has time 4 After the butter has melted 5 if you ask her -shy
10
Exercise B Identifying Elliptical Clauses 1 While sick elliptical 2 than the one before elliptical 3 as Ben elliptical 4 as the clerk had promised 5 than jogging elliptical
J page53
Exercise A Identifying Noun Clauses 1 That we arrived just then S 2 when the last bus leaves DO 3 whoever wins 10 4 That she was sick S 5 which house has more space PN 6 that you enter the contest again DO 7 whatever became of Jane OP 8 whomever you see 10 9 What Carol reshyported S 10 whether he should work or go fishing PN
Exercise B Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 That NONE 2 when ADV 3 whoever S 4 That NONE 5 which ADJ 6 that NONE 7 whatever S 8 whomever DO 9 What DO 10 whether NONE
~ pages 54-55
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Simple and Compound Sentences I compound 2 simple 3 simple 4 compound 5 compound 6 simple 7 compound 8 simple 9 compound 10 simple
Exercise B Identifying the Structure of Senshytences I 3 2 1 3 2 4 2 5 1 6 4 7 1 8 3 9 I 10 4
Exercise A Identifying the Function of Senshytences I imperative 2 interrogative 3 interrogative 4 declarative 5 imperative 6 exclamatory 7 imperative 8 declarative 9 declarative 10 interrogative
Exercise B Choosing the Correct End Mark by Function I (0 2 () 3 (1) 4 () 5 () 6 () 7 (I) 8 () 9 () 10 ()
] pages 56-58
Exercise A Diagraming Compound Sentences 1
(you) Tie
I or _ I
may fallswing I I
Mike advertised I I IL but __
no one
I I
applied
~ It
Exercise B Diagraming Compound Elements and Compound Sentences 1
Maureen
2 (you)
I I
IL for __
Watch
I I
sidewalk maybe slippery
Exercise A Diagraming Adjective and Adshyverb Clauses 1
you should write
you gift
2 Edna
she
11
someone
Exercise A Diagraming Compound-Complex Sentences
1
unloaded car I I I I and _-
I I
led
1 1
1
$I
$1 I
I
found campsite
us
2 she took
lil
I sect Julie went L_b~~
6 Chtcago
she will fly
~ Los Angeles
I
I butL __ It Inaccurate
I I
do know l
[D pages 59-60
Exercise A Identifying Sentence Fragments bull 1 fragment 2 fragment 3 sentence ~ 4 fragment 5 fragment 6 sentence 7 fragment 8 fragment 9 fragment 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Sentence Fragments Answers will vary samples are given 1 It can be a mistake to believe everything you hear 2 What can we buy a person who has everyshything 4 The woman on the speakers platform will nominate the presidential candidate 5 Pete plays the piano with enthusiasm and enshyergy 7 Heaping platters and bowls of delicashycies filled the buffet table 8 That ballerina gave one of the most exciting performances I have ever seen 9 Driving along the Pacific Coast was a thrilling experience
Exercise A Identifying Run-ons 1 sentence 2 run-on 3 run-on 4 run-on 5 sentence 6 run-on 7 run-on 8 run-on 9 run-on 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Run-ons Methods of correcting will vary samples are given 2 The beach is pleasant during the week but it is crowded on weekends 3 The play was excelshylent although the cast was only mediocre 4 Jason my brother wants to become a teacher
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6 Youll love that book because its a mystery 7 Ben applied for a variety of jobs but everyone said he was over qualified 8 Although in genshyeral I hate exercise swimming is one thing I do enjoy 9 When Juliette fell off the swing she broke her wrist
J pages 61-63
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 with a cry of dismay 2 a dozen times 4 with deep emotion in his voice 5 with squeals of delight 7 from the upstairs window 8 in the thrift shop 9 in the princishypals office to with a secret compartment
Exercise B Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Flying low over the treetops 2 Shucking oysters at Caros Clam Bar 4 Clearing the bar at seventeen feet 5 practicing last week 6 motoring through Vermont 7 Cheered by a taste of success 9 Peering through the keyhole to Arriving at the theater an hour late
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 at 800 PM 2 with a duck in his mouth 3 using his high-speed camera 4 in an angry voice 5 Cheering wildly 6 in the middle of our trip 7 with small bones in them 8 strolling around the village green 9 with a jelly jar to on the enclosed postcard
Exercise B Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Tonight at 800 PM WClV presents 2 With a duck in his mouth the retriever swam 3 Using his high-speed camera Dad 4 In an angry voice the customer demanded 5 Cheering wildly the fans greeted the home team 6 Mom remembered in the middle of our trip that she had not 7 Please dont give scraps with small bones in them 8 Strolling around the village green we saw 9 With a jelly jar David waited patiently for to Let us know on the enclosed postcard
Exercise A Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Strolling through the narrow streets 2 Searching for the missing contract 3 Doing my homework 4 Before parking in that lot 5 while watching the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail 7 approaching the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas 9 Entering the dinshying room 10 Born into an immigrant family
Exercise B Correcting Dangling Modifiers Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Strolling through the narrow streets we found
the native quarter picturesque 2 Searching for the missing contract the author turned the whole house upside down 3 Doing my homework I found the radio next door distracting 4 Before parking in that lot a person must purchase a sticker 5 His wallet was stolen while he watched the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail the sheriff thought the case was closed 7 Vegetation became sparse as we approached the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas the Gants discovered oil 9 Entering the dining room we exclaimed at how appetizing the roast turkey looked to Born into an immigrant family the young woman thought the White House was an imposshysible goal for her
] pages 64-65
Exercise A Recognizing Parallel Ideas 1 cooking sewing painting 2 by eating less by exercising more 3 for originality for aptness of expression 4 brief colorful 5 to be true to himself to value his friends to keep his own counsel 6 groceries childrens clothing preshyscription drugs 7 c~tting costs increasing proshyductivity improving distribution 8 taking careshyful notes reviewing the material daily 9 who could have committed so bizarre a crime what the motive might have been 10 imaginative pashytient sympathetic
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Corred and Faulty Parallelism 1 F 2 C 3 F 4 C 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F to C
Exercise A Identifying Faulty Parallelism Exact portions underlined may vary within reashyson samples are given 1 for being colorless that he was overly cautious 2 cooking to clean up afterward 3 who will help in the stock room to make deliveries 4 Reading the book to write a report on it 5 played with great feelshying occasionally hitting some sour notes 6 hiking to camp out 7 by cutting costs sell more widgets 8 receiving letters to write them 9 typing filing to do simple bookkeeping 10 on flying to take a train
Exercise B Correcting Faulty Parallelism Corrections will vary samples are given 1 for being colorless and overly cautious 2 likes cooking but dislikes cleaning up afterward 3 someone who will work in the stock room and make deliveries 4 Reading the book was fun but writing a report on it was hard 5 played with great feeling but occasionally hit some sour notes 6 liked hiking and campshy
13
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
14
Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
15
4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
Answers
~ pages5-6
Exercise A Identifying Nouns (Abstract nouns are simply listed not circled) 1 Constitution rights 2 concern hikers time 3 grace birds tourists 4 Paula fear success 5 difference Lou Len attitude 6 hunters deer elk moose 7 doctor Sherry advice 8 article newspaper opening Marvelle Park 9 sign auditorium soloists 10 nurse hospital splint arm
Exercise B Recognizing Compound Nouns (Compound nouns are simply listed not circled) 1 scientist breakthrough research 2 birdwatcher way underbrush 3 player home runs game 4 host guests dining room 5 stepmother heart attack 6 jack-in-the-box my two-year-old 7 heat wave records 8 plans high school 9 Spring-cleaning chore people 10 actor spotlight
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns 1 Brooklyn Bridge 2 Tower of London 3 Bulldogs 4 Jackson High School 5 California 6 Willow Street 7 Abigail Adams 8 Uncle Mike 9 Montana 10 Mount Rushmore
Exercise B Adding Proper Nouns to Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jane Street 2 Vikings 3 Mexico 4 Lincoln MemorialS Louise 6 Delaware River 7 Nebraska 8 Garden Spot 9 Ford 10 Jack London
] pages 7-10
Exercise A Identifying Antecedents 1 AI 2 critics 3 man Sally 4 Hannah bikes 5 Climbing to the top of the Washington Monument 6 trunk 7 students 8 twins 9 Anthony Mrs Lee 10 senator bill
Exercise B Adding Pronouns to Match Anteshycedents Some answers may vary samples are given 1 his 2 its its 3 you some 4 their 5 your 6 her 7 who him 8 their 9 its 10 some their
Exercise A Identifying Personal Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns 1 themselves reshyflexive 2 my personal 3 themselves intenshy
sive 4 yourself reflexive 5 his personal 6 herself intensive 7 it personal 8 himself intensive 9 themselves reflexive 10 your personal
Exercise B Adding Personal Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns to Sentences 1 them 2 ourselves 3 its 4 myself 5 her 6 his 7 ourselves 8 our 9 themselves 10 herself
Exercise A Recognizing Demonstrative Relshyative and Interrogative Pronouns 1 demonstrative 2 relative 3 interrogative 4 relative 5 interrogative 6 demonstrative 7 interrogative 8 relative 9 demonstrative 10 relative
Exercise B Adding Demonstrative Relative and Interrogative Pronouns to Sentences Some answers may vary samples are given 1 Which 2 those 3 whom 4 that 5 Who 6 This 7 Who 8 who 9 which 10 What
Exercise A Recognizing Indeflnlte Proshynouns 1 Everyone 2 Someone most 3 Each 4 None much 5 Few anything 6 either other 7 Both everyone 8 Several much 9 No one something 10 Many everything
Exercise B Adding Indeflnite Pronouns to Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Most 2 either 3 much 4 nothing 5 all 6 others 7 Everything 8 some 9 little 10 Everything
~ pages 11-13
Exercise A Recognizing Action Verbs 1 thought M 2 pointed V 3 swung V 4 decided M 5 made V 6 plays V 7 sipped V 8 considered M 9 drew V 10 entered V
Exercise B Adding Transitive and Intransishytive Verbs to Sentences Verbs themselves will vary samples are given 1 ordered T 2 moved I 3 grew I 4 gave T 5 sells T 6 put T 7 gusted I 8 arrived I 9 scheduled T 10 wrote T
Exercise A Recognizing Forms of Be Used as Unking VerbS (Words linked are given in parentheses) 1 should be (Safety-ltoncern) 2 would be (1-happy) 3 is (Elaine-late)
3
4 can be (Andrew-child) 5 could have been (What-cause) 6 is (That-amount) 7 was (setback-temporary) 8 will be (Jenny-presishydent) 9 is being (Jason-polite) 10 was (Thomas Jefferson-President)
Exercise B Identifying Other Unklng Verbs (Words linked are given in parentheses) 1 appears (Kevin-taller) 2 tastes (sausagesshyspicier) 3 remained (cause-mystery) 4 looks (stranger-suspicious) 5 stayed (child-quiet) 6 became (glove-trademark) 7 remains (AA Milne-au~hor) 8 turned (hair-gray) 9 smell (books-musty) 10 felt (I-queasy)
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Unking Verbs and Action Verbs 1 action 2 linking 3 action 4 action 5 linking 6 linking 7 action 8 linking 9 action 10 linking
Exercise B Adding Verbs to Sentences Verbs may vary samples are given 1 turns LV 2 turned AV 3 grows AV 4 grown LV 5 became LV 6 looked LV 7 Look AV 8 tasted AV 9 tastes LV 10 sounds LV
~ page14
Exercise A Identifying Helping Verbs (Helpshying verbs are simply listed key verbs are undershylined rather than circled) 1 has acted 2 Did tell 3 does ride 4 Have traveled 5 must have seen 6 could have offered 7 should have lasted 8 have seen 9 does hear 10 could have succeeded
Exercise B Adding Helping Verbs to Senshytences Helping verbs may vary samples are given 1 can answer 2 have been studying 3 must have seen 4 could have been hurt 5 have been doing 6 Will open 7 have exshypressed 8 might have expected 9 did begin 10 had been working
[i] pages 15-17
Exercise A Identifying Adjectives (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 Several (families) an outdoor (party) the new (neighshybors) 2 The quaint charming old (house) sevshyeral major (repairs) 3 The wealthy (family) an extensive (collection) antique (glass) 4 The worthy (cause) many generous (contributions) 5 the (end) the first (round) a narrow (lead)
6 Few (people) that (street) young (children) 7 Western (movies) popular many (years) 8 A good daily (diet) adequate (calcium) 9 many (countries) southern (food) spicier northern (food) 10 The entire (kingdom) the terrible (spell) the wicked (sorcerer)
Exercise B Adding Adjectives to Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 extravagant several 2 angry more 3 That wool 4 first birthday 5 Two large gray
Exercise A Recognizing Nouns Used as Adjectives Proper Adjectives and Comshypound Adjectives 1 compound 2 compound 3 noun 4 proper 5 noun 6 compound 7 noun 8 compound 9 proper 10 proper (or noun)
Exercise B Using Proper and Compound Adjectives to Modify Nouns 1 deep-sea fishing 2 sidewalk sale 3 Asian nation 4 English poet 5 small-town boy 6 Roman villa 7 salt-water pool 8 Persian rug 9 Turkish coffee 10 front-row seat
Exercise A Adding Pronouns Used as Adjecshytives Some pronouns may vary samples are given 1 that 2 Some 3 Any 4 which 5 his 6 their 7 Each 8 Most 9 Whose 10 these
Exercise B Recognizing Verbs Used as Adjectives (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 shattered (windowpane) 2 screaming (baby) 3 looking (glass) 4 fallen (branch) 5 stolen (money) 6 freezing (rain) 7 winning (car) 8 drowning (boy) 9 following (pages) 10 departing (passengers)
[EJ pages 18-19
Exercise A Recognizing Adverbs (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 quite (rapshyidly) rapidly (melted) 2 surprisingly (good) 3 very (well) well (suits) 4 somewhat (dissatshyisfied) 5 truly (festive) 6 fairly (early) early (completed) 7 almost (forgot) 8 very (nearly) nearly (ready) 9 almost (totally) toshytally (destroyed) 10 exceptionally (clever)
Exercise B Identifying Adverbs and Nouns Used as Adverbs (Nouns used as adverbs are underlined rather than circled) 1 not
4
2 home 3 increasingly 4 truly 5 yesterday 6 often weekends 7 Friday 8 pleasantly 9 tonight 10 somewhat
Exercise A Distinguishing Between AdJecshytives and Adverbs 1 adverb 2 adjective 3 adverb 4 adjective 5 adverb 6 adjective 7 adverb 8 adverb 9 adjective 10 adjective
Exercise B Adding Adverbs and Adjectives to Sentences 1 regularly 2 sore 3 honest 4 carefully 5 frequently 6 regular 7 honestly 8 careful 9 sorely to frequent
~ pages 20-21
Exercise A Supplying Prepositions Answers will vary samples are given 1 throughout 2 amid 3 in addition to 4 next to 5 about 6 by 7 on 8 in place of 9 but 10 In spite of
Exercise B Identifying Prepositional Phrases (Objects are listed rather than circled) 1 IAccording to paper at duskl 2 for you next to mine 3 between countriesl 4 lof apples [into slicesl 5 Iwith exposure Ifor plant 6 lin back lof boat from spray 7 through courtyard 8 Idown street Ion top] lof garageJ 9 into house] Ithrough crack in window 10 lunderneath woodpile Ibehind barn
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Preposishytions and Adverbs 1 adv 2 adv 3 prep 4 prep 5 adv 6 prep 7 adv 8 adv 9 prep 10 prep
Exercise B Adding Prepositions and Adshyverbs to Sentences (Objects are underlined rather than circled) 1a between b between states 2a by hand b by 3a on b on ~ lope 4a behind house b behind 5a past lishybrary b past
] pages 22-24
Exercise A Identifying Conjunctions 1 before subordinating 2 yet coordinating 3 but coordinating 4 bothand correlative 5 while subordinating 6 than subordinating 7 Neithernor correlative 8 until subordinatshying 9 so that subordinating 10 whenever subordinating
Exercise B Adding Conjunctions in Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 While 2 both and 3 but 4 or 5 Although
Exercise A Identifying Words as Conjuncshytions Prepositions or Adverbs 1 conj 2 adv 3 conj 4 prep 5 adv 6 conj 7 conj 8 prep 9 coni 10 prep
Exercise B Adding Conjunctions Preposishytions or Adverbs to Sentences 1 before a adv b conj c prep 2 until a prep b conj 3 after a prep b conj c adv 4 Since a prep b conj
Exercise A Recognizing Conjunctive Adshyverbs 1 besides 2 therefore 3 none 4 indeed 5 none 6 nevertheless 7 again 8 then 9 none 10 consequently
Exercise B Adding Interjections to Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Ouch 2 Alas 3 Wow 4 Gee 5 Golly 6 Eek 7 Drat 8 Oh 9 Hurray 10 Whew
~ page25
Exercise A Identifying Parts of Speech la adj b n 2a v b adj 3a v b n 4a pro b adj 5a adj b n 6a interjection b n 7a v b n 8a conj b prep 9a n b v IOa adv b adj
Exercise B Using Words as Different Parts of Speech Answers wiII vary samples are given 1 a The prisoner refused to end his fast b Beshyfore that test you must fast from food and water for twelve hours c Cheetahs run very fast 2 a We should arrive by noon b Did you ask the Jewitts to stop by
J pages 26-29
Exercise A Recognizing Complete Subjects and Predicates 1 zebras Iroamed 2 Elena Idid 3 game Irequires 4 hallway I makes 5 owners Iarranged 6 States Iwas 7 It Icontinues 8 Children Ienjoy 9 elephants Iare 10 II accepted
Exercise B More Work with Complete Subshyjects and Predicates 1 corner Igrew 2 behavior Iaroused 3 crocodiles Icarry 4 Hieroglyphics Iwere 5 Spectators Iapshyplauded 6 boat I takes 7 Day I is 8 pie I is 9 belts Isave 10 Jeremy Iphoned
5
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Senshytences and Fragments 1 F 2 S 3 S 4 F 5 S 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 S to S
Exercise B Writing Sentences from Fragshyments Answers will vary samples are given 1 We ordered pizza in spite of Susannas objecshytions 4 We had moderate temperatures throughout the summer 6 Visitors from far and near tour the nations capitaL 7 The player with the highest batting average in the league was honored at a banquet 8 My mother spends several hours a week on her hobby
Exercise A Recognizing Simple Subjects and Predicates (Simple subjects and predicates are both underlined once) 1 Many photoshygraphshad become 2 Weenjoyed 3 organizers eventwere 4 sound vehishyclesgierced 5 All groupwear 6 You gromised 7 few membersdid not attend 8 number propertieswere destroyed 9 Whovolunteered to Mornhad not ordered
Exercise B Adding Sentence Parts Answers will vary samples are given Simple subjects and predicates are underlined rather than circled 1 My sister reads several books a week 2 Every visitor to our home receives a friendly welcome 3 No one in my homeroom takes typing 4 Kevin bats left-handed 5 The chef in that restaurant studied in Paris 6 These mail-order items arrived in record time 7 United States senators are elected to six-year terms 8 Every member of the club receives a membership card 9 The nickname of our state is the Nutmeg State 10 Most of the animals in the circus have been trained by Gunther
Exercise A Recognizing Compound Subshyjects I Jake I 2 President Vice President 3 Senate House of Representatives Supreme Court 4 guests hosts 5 lilacs roses 6 Shrimp shellfish 7 Oranges lemons limes grapefruits 8 Paul I 9 guide guards 10 Measles mumps
Exercise B Recognizing Compound Verbs I touched glided 2 did give practiced 3 writes bats 4 writes calls 5 added adshyjusted turned 6 clapped cheered called 7 put yawned 8 checked found 9 overgrew began to retreated surrendered
~ page30
Exercise A Finding Subjects tn Orders or Directions Subjects are all (you) carets go beshy
fore the words given 1 turn 2 let 3 Remember 4 read 5 remind
Exercise B Finding Subjects in Inverted Sentences 1 firefighters 2 we 3 solution ~ 4 errors 5 multitude
~ pages 31-32
Exercise A Identifying Direct Objects I sheets 2 novel articles 3 bus 4 doorkeeper 5 teacher 6 State Street High Road 7 daffodils flowers 8 fabric 9 notes 10 kinds
Exercise B More Work with Direct Objects (Direct objects are in parentheses) I (games) for hours 2 with a ball of yarn 3 (party) 4 by the side of the road 5 (steaks) (seafood) 6 (everything) with great care 6 in front of the camera 8 (car) to a shadier sgot 9 (horse) 10 out of town
Exercise A Identifying Indirect Objects 1 Michelle Joe 2 lawyer 3 guest 4 police 5 Kelly 6 Helen Kim 7 Boris 8 Mom Dad 9 Aunt Helen to me
Exercise B Recognizing Objective Compleshyments 1 satisfying adj 2 treasurer n 3 invalid adj 4 busy adj 5 Toby n J
~ page33
Exercise A Recognizing Predicate Nominashytives and Predicate Adjectives 1 tired exhilerated PA 2 tan muscular PA 3 bestshyseller PN 4 popular PA 5 distance PN 6 consultant PN 7 triplets PN 8 surgeon internist PN 9 thorough PA to constructive workable PA
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Comshypound Subject Complements Answers will vary samples are given 1 practical PA 2 zesty PA 3 rich PA 4 Saints PN 5 Lou PN
] pages 34-35
Exercise A Recognizing the Parts of Basic Sentence Patterns (Complements are simply listed not boxed) 1 guide showed us route 2 Jack Joan had visited us 3 work ~ detailed delicate 4 Amanda felt discouragedshy5 ViCtoria became Queen 6 graduates began ceremonies 7 director sent us brochure-shy8 Dora gave party 9 inSifration made me stushydent to Dad gromised Hugh me bonus
6
Exercise B Recognizing Basic Sentence Patshyterns 1 S-AV-IO-DO 2 S-S-AV-DO 3 S-LV-PA-PA 4 S-LV-PA 5 S-LV-PN 6 S-AV-DO 7 S-AV-IO-DO 8 S-AV-DO
- 9 S-AV-DO-OC 10 S-AV-IO-IO-DO
Exercise A Recognizing the Parts of Inshyverted Sentence Patterns (Complements are simply listed not boxed) 1 eager we were 2 ~ chance 3 courses will you be takmg 4 Has Gerry prepared speech 5 mountains those are 6 Am lone 7 are books 8 bolted stallion 9 Was l2y successful 10 came shriek - - shy
Exercise B Recognizing Inverted Sentence Patterns 1 COMP-S-V 2 V-S 3 COMPshyHV-S-V 4 HV-S-V-COMP 5 COMP-S-V 6 V-S-COMP 7 V-S 8 V- S 9 V-S-COMP 10 V-S
~ pages 36-38
Exercise A Diagraming Subjects Verbs Modifiers and Conjunctions
1
wild flowers
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagrams
1
2 (you) move
3 Here
answer Is
Exercise A Diagraming Sentences with Conjunctions
1 was assassinated
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagraming
1 Sandy
Dennis
2
met
3
7
L
Exercise A Diagraming Complements
Immunity
2
declared
Exercise B More Work with Complements
1
~ page39
Exercise A Identifying Adjective Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 in the lab (Everyone) on page 30 (experiment) 2 at the end (house) of the street (end) 3 in the fence (gate) around the estate (fence) 4 for the new committee (plans) 5 from France (students) in our neighborhood (family)
Exercise B Identifying Adverb Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) L from one foot (shifted) to the other (shifted) 2 Without any hesitation (stepped) to the microshyphone (stepped) 3 to the launch pad (close) 4 After the game (stopped) at the diner (stopped) 5 for a glimpse (eager)
~ page40
Exercise A Identifying Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases (Renamed words are given in parentheses) L July 14 (Bastille Day) 2 Juan Linda (person) 3 tunafish with lettuce and cheese (lunch) 4 a moist fertile spot in the desert (oasis) 5 her faithful clerk (Jenkins) 6 all (We) 7 Phyllis Len (captains) 8 a young couple from Paris (neighbors) 9 Arsenic and Old Lace (comedy) 10 Pete Sue Judy (them)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Apposishytives and Appositive Phrases 1 The explorshyers Lewis and Clark opened the Northwest Terrishytory 2 Delaware has only three counties Kent Sussex and New Castle 3 My cousin lives in Austin the capital of Texas 4 A local reporter Annette Jackson broke the story 5 Both finalshyists Logan and Bruce are fine competitors
] pages 41-43
Exercise A Identifying Participles (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 broken (finshyger) past 2 crying (baby) present 3 stirring (speech) present 4 injured (bird) past 5 frozen (dessert) past 6 acting (chairman) present 7 drowning (man) present 8 building (permit) present 9 broken (promshyise) past to revised (proposal) past
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Verbs and Participles 1 verb 2 participle 3 participle 4 verb 5 participle 6 verb 7 verb 8 participle 9 participle to verb
Exercise A Recognizing Participial Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 visiting the Jacksons (family) 2 signed by Napoleon (letter) 3 Feeling uneasy (baby-sitter) 4 sold at the farm store (pie) 5 Bought by an eccentric millionaire (car) 6 standing outside the library (Mike) 7 having a pet (Anyone) 8 Confused by the directions (contestant) 9 hanging from the ceiling (plant) 10 lost in the department store (child)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Particishypial Phrases 1 The person looking in the window is our neighbor 2 The storm coming from the west is bringing precipitation 3 Early sketches made by that painter have become valushyable 4 The wallet found on the street had no identification in it 5 We enjoyed all the food served at the party
8
Exercise A Recognizing Nominative Absoshylutes 1 The band continuing to play 2 Hours having passed without any word 3 The patient recovering nicely 4 her right hand broken 5 their best players injured 6 Their chores completed 7 The train having broken down 8 The buffet table looking so tempting 9 Their argument resolved 10 The air conditioning not working
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Nominashytive Absolutes Answers will vary samples are given 1 A parade scheduled for tomorrow the police 2 Our decorations complete the room 3 Her sweater at home Lucy 4 for Kenny his being broken 5 The apshyplause having subsided the speaker
~ pages 44-45
Exercise A Recognizing Gerunds 1 Fishing S 2 coloring DO 3 flying OP 4 Losing S 5 cheating OP 6 bowling APP 7 Pruning S 8 skiing APP 9 training 10 10 drawing OP
Exercise B Recognizing Verbs Participles and Gerunds 1 G 2 G 3 P 4 V 5 V 6 G 7 P 8 V 9 G 10 P
Exercise A Recognizing Gerund Phrases 1 learning French DO 2 counting to ten PN 3 Training long hours S 4 changing her mind about the color for the walls DO 5 Working for the mayors re-election S 6 our working so hard DO 7 entering the house OP 8 choosing a good topic PN 9 finding the buried treasure OP 10 practicing hard OP
Exercise B Writing Nouns and Pronouns Beshyfore Gerunds 1 their 2 Suzis 3 our 4 His 5 My 6 Her 7 Their 8 his 9 Kens 10 Your
] pages 46-47
Exercise A Identifying Inftnitives 1 to acshycept adv 2 to work adj 3 to learn adv 4 to succeed adv 5 to try adv 6 to fly n 7 to watch adj 8 to rule adj 9 to listen n 10 to play n
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Preposishytional Phrases and Inftnitlves 1 fNF 2 PP 3 PP 4 INF 5 PP 6 INF 7 INF 8 PP 9 PP 10 lNF
Exercise A Recognizing Inftnitlve Phrases 1 to take seriously adj 2 to work harder adj
3 all entries to bemailedbyThursdayn4to try on their new uniforms adv 5 Mindy to aushydition for the part n 6 to wait till dinnertime n 7 to spend the night adj 8 to find that game adj 9 to sell some of these tickets n 10 her to apply for the job n
Exercise B More Work with Inftnitlve Phrases 1 that team (to) win the World Series 2 to show us an alternate route 3 him W Qy that concerto before 4 the pitcher W practice before the game 5 our cousins to ~ for the weekend 6 (to) disagree with the President in public 7 you (to) stay for dinner 8 (to) bring an inexpensive humorous gift 9 her to run again 10 s (to) take a break from raking these leaves
em pages 48-50
Exercise A Diagraming Prepositional Phrases 1
you
2 doll
Exercise B Diagraming Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases
1 Doug
Connie (worker)
9
Exercise A Diagraming Participial Phrases and Nominative Absolutes
1 We approached
2 spirits
confident
we entered contest
Exercise B Diagraming Gerunds and Gerund Phrases
1
We were disturbed
2 Whittling
became
Exercise A Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Nouns
1
threetened
2 Logan
- C3t build
you
Exercise 8 Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Adjectives and Adverbs
1
lt o follow
2
CIJ page 51
Exercise A Recognizing Adjective Clauses (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 where John F Kennedy was born (house) 2 that I cant identify (spice) 3 for whom I left the message (one) 4 whose mother is the disshytrict attorney (one) 5 that cherishes football (state) 6 who inspired me to study chemistry (teacher) 7 I have known since kindergarten (someone) 8 whose work was once ignored (poet) 9 Dad will surely like (something) 10 in which I keep my change (box)
Exercise 8 Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 where adv 2 that DO 3 whom OP 4 whose adj 5 that S 6 who S 7 (that) DO 8 whose adj 9 (that) DO to which OP
~ page52
Exercise A Identifying Adverb Clauses (Subordinating conjunctions are underlined rather than circled) 1 if we are home by eleven 2 where it would get the most sun 3 whenever he has time 4 After the butter has melted 5 if you ask her -shy
10
Exercise B Identifying Elliptical Clauses 1 While sick elliptical 2 than the one before elliptical 3 as Ben elliptical 4 as the clerk had promised 5 than jogging elliptical
J page53
Exercise A Identifying Noun Clauses 1 That we arrived just then S 2 when the last bus leaves DO 3 whoever wins 10 4 That she was sick S 5 which house has more space PN 6 that you enter the contest again DO 7 whatever became of Jane OP 8 whomever you see 10 9 What Carol reshyported S 10 whether he should work or go fishing PN
Exercise B Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 That NONE 2 when ADV 3 whoever S 4 That NONE 5 which ADJ 6 that NONE 7 whatever S 8 whomever DO 9 What DO 10 whether NONE
~ pages 54-55
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Simple and Compound Sentences I compound 2 simple 3 simple 4 compound 5 compound 6 simple 7 compound 8 simple 9 compound 10 simple
Exercise B Identifying the Structure of Senshytences I 3 2 1 3 2 4 2 5 1 6 4 7 1 8 3 9 I 10 4
Exercise A Identifying the Function of Senshytences I imperative 2 interrogative 3 interrogative 4 declarative 5 imperative 6 exclamatory 7 imperative 8 declarative 9 declarative 10 interrogative
Exercise B Choosing the Correct End Mark by Function I (0 2 () 3 (1) 4 () 5 () 6 () 7 (I) 8 () 9 () 10 ()
] pages 56-58
Exercise A Diagraming Compound Sentences 1
(you) Tie
I or _ I
may fallswing I I
Mike advertised I I IL but __
no one
I I
applied
~ It
Exercise B Diagraming Compound Elements and Compound Sentences 1
Maureen
2 (you)
I I
IL for __
Watch
I I
sidewalk maybe slippery
Exercise A Diagraming Adjective and Adshyverb Clauses 1
you should write
you gift
2 Edna
she
11
someone
Exercise A Diagraming Compound-Complex Sentences
1
unloaded car I I I I and _-
I I
led
1 1
1
$I
$1 I
I
found campsite
us
2 she took
lil
I sect Julie went L_b~~
6 Chtcago
she will fly
~ Los Angeles
I
I butL __ It Inaccurate
I I
do know l
[D pages 59-60
Exercise A Identifying Sentence Fragments bull 1 fragment 2 fragment 3 sentence ~ 4 fragment 5 fragment 6 sentence 7 fragment 8 fragment 9 fragment 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Sentence Fragments Answers will vary samples are given 1 It can be a mistake to believe everything you hear 2 What can we buy a person who has everyshything 4 The woman on the speakers platform will nominate the presidential candidate 5 Pete plays the piano with enthusiasm and enshyergy 7 Heaping platters and bowls of delicashycies filled the buffet table 8 That ballerina gave one of the most exciting performances I have ever seen 9 Driving along the Pacific Coast was a thrilling experience
Exercise A Identifying Run-ons 1 sentence 2 run-on 3 run-on 4 run-on 5 sentence 6 run-on 7 run-on 8 run-on 9 run-on 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Run-ons Methods of correcting will vary samples are given 2 The beach is pleasant during the week but it is crowded on weekends 3 The play was excelshylent although the cast was only mediocre 4 Jason my brother wants to become a teacher
12
6 Youll love that book because its a mystery 7 Ben applied for a variety of jobs but everyone said he was over qualified 8 Although in genshyeral I hate exercise swimming is one thing I do enjoy 9 When Juliette fell off the swing she broke her wrist
J pages 61-63
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 with a cry of dismay 2 a dozen times 4 with deep emotion in his voice 5 with squeals of delight 7 from the upstairs window 8 in the thrift shop 9 in the princishypals office to with a secret compartment
Exercise B Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Flying low over the treetops 2 Shucking oysters at Caros Clam Bar 4 Clearing the bar at seventeen feet 5 practicing last week 6 motoring through Vermont 7 Cheered by a taste of success 9 Peering through the keyhole to Arriving at the theater an hour late
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 at 800 PM 2 with a duck in his mouth 3 using his high-speed camera 4 in an angry voice 5 Cheering wildly 6 in the middle of our trip 7 with small bones in them 8 strolling around the village green 9 with a jelly jar to on the enclosed postcard
Exercise B Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Tonight at 800 PM WClV presents 2 With a duck in his mouth the retriever swam 3 Using his high-speed camera Dad 4 In an angry voice the customer demanded 5 Cheering wildly the fans greeted the home team 6 Mom remembered in the middle of our trip that she had not 7 Please dont give scraps with small bones in them 8 Strolling around the village green we saw 9 With a jelly jar David waited patiently for to Let us know on the enclosed postcard
Exercise A Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Strolling through the narrow streets 2 Searching for the missing contract 3 Doing my homework 4 Before parking in that lot 5 while watching the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail 7 approaching the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas 9 Entering the dinshying room 10 Born into an immigrant family
Exercise B Correcting Dangling Modifiers Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Strolling through the narrow streets we found
the native quarter picturesque 2 Searching for the missing contract the author turned the whole house upside down 3 Doing my homework I found the radio next door distracting 4 Before parking in that lot a person must purchase a sticker 5 His wallet was stolen while he watched the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail the sheriff thought the case was closed 7 Vegetation became sparse as we approached the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas the Gants discovered oil 9 Entering the dining room we exclaimed at how appetizing the roast turkey looked to Born into an immigrant family the young woman thought the White House was an imposshysible goal for her
] pages 64-65
Exercise A Recognizing Parallel Ideas 1 cooking sewing painting 2 by eating less by exercising more 3 for originality for aptness of expression 4 brief colorful 5 to be true to himself to value his friends to keep his own counsel 6 groceries childrens clothing preshyscription drugs 7 c~tting costs increasing proshyductivity improving distribution 8 taking careshyful notes reviewing the material daily 9 who could have committed so bizarre a crime what the motive might have been 10 imaginative pashytient sympathetic
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Corred and Faulty Parallelism 1 F 2 C 3 F 4 C 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F to C
Exercise A Identifying Faulty Parallelism Exact portions underlined may vary within reashyson samples are given 1 for being colorless that he was overly cautious 2 cooking to clean up afterward 3 who will help in the stock room to make deliveries 4 Reading the book to write a report on it 5 played with great feelshying occasionally hitting some sour notes 6 hiking to camp out 7 by cutting costs sell more widgets 8 receiving letters to write them 9 typing filing to do simple bookkeeping 10 on flying to take a train
Exercise B Correcting Faulty Parallelism Corrections will vary samples are given 1 for being colorless and overly cautious 2 likes cooking but dislikes cleaning up afterward 3 someone who will work in the stock room and make deliveries 4 Reading the book was fun but writing a report on it was hard 5 played with great feeling but occasionally hit some sour notes 6 liked hiking and campshy
13
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
14
Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
15
4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
4 can be (Andrew-child) 5 could have been (What-cause) 6 is (That-amount) 7 was (setback-temporary) 8 will be (Jenny-presishydent) 9 is being (Jason-polite) 10 was (Thomas Jefferson-President)
Exercise B Identifying Other Unklng Verbs (Words linked are given in parentheses) 1 appears (Kevin-taller) 2 tastes (sausagesshyspicier) 3 remained (cause-mystery) 4 looks (stranger-suspicious) 5 stayed (child-quiet) 6 became (glove-trademark) 7 remains (AA Milne-au~hor) 8 turned (hair-gray) 9 smell (books-musty) 10 felt (I-queasy)
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Unking Verbs and Action Verbs 1 action 2 linking 3 action 4 action 5 linking 6 linking 7 action 8 linking 9 action 10 linking
Exercise B Adding Verbs to Sentences Verbs may vary samples are given 1 turns LV 2 turned AV 3 grows AV 4 grown LV 5 became LV 6 looked LV 7 Look AV 8 tasted AV 9 tastes LV 10 sounds LV
~ page14
Exercise A Identifying Helping Verbs (Helpshying verbs are simply listed key verbs are undershylined rather than circled) 1 has acted 2 Did tell 3 does ride 4 Have traveled 5 must have seen 6 could have offered 7 should have lasted 8 have seen 9 does hear 10 could have succeeded
Exercise B Adding Helping Verbs to Senshytences Helping verbs may vary samples are given 1 can answer 2 have been studying 3 must have seen 4 could have been hurt 5 have been doing 6 Will open 7 have exshypressed 8 might have expected 9 did begin 10 had been working
[i] pages 15-17
Exercise A Identifying Adjectives (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 Several (families) an outdoor (party) the new (neighshybors) 2 The quaint charming old (house) sevshyeral major (repairs) 3 The wealthy (family) an extensive (collection) antique (glass) 4 The worthy (cause) many generous (contributions) 5 the (end) the first (round) a narrow (lead)
6 Few (people) that (street) young (children) 7 Western (movies) popular many (years) 8 A good daily (diet) adequate (calcium) 9 many (countries) southern (food) spicier northern (food) 10 The entire (kingdom) the terrible (spell) the wicked (sorcerer)
Exercise B Adding Adjectives to Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 extravagant several 2 angry more 3 That wool 4 first birthday 5 Two large gray
Exercise A Recognizing Nouns Used as Adjectives Proper Adjectives and Comshypound Adjectives 1 compound 2 compound 3 noun 4 proper 5 noun 6 compound 7 noun 8 compound 9 proper 10 proper (or noun)
Exercise B Using Proper and Compound Adjectives to Modify Nouns 1 deep-sea fishing 2 sidewalk sale 3 Asian nation 4 English poet 5 small-town boy 6 Roman villa 7 salt-water pool 8 Persian rug 9 Turkish coffee 10 front-row seat
Exercise A Adding Pronouns Used as Adjecshytives Some pronouns may vary samples are given 1 that 2 Some 3 Any 4 which 5 his 6 their 7 Each 8 Most 9 Whose 10 these
Exercise B Recognizing Verbs Used as Adjectives (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 shattered (windowpane) 2 screaming (baby) 3 looking (glass) 4 fallen (branch) 5 stolen (money) 6 freezing (rain) 7 winning (car) 8 drowning (boy) 9 following (pages) 10 departing (passengers)
[EJ pages 18-19
Exercise A Recognizing Adverbs (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 quite (rapshyidly) rapidly (melted) 2 surprisingly (good) 3 very (well) well (suits) 4 somewhat (dissatshyisfied) 5 truly (festive) 6 fairly (early) early (completed) 7 almost (forgot) 8 very (nearly) nearly (ready) 9 almost (totally) toshytally (destroyed) 10 exceptionally (clever)
Exercise B Identifying Adverbs and Nouns Used as Adverbs (Nouns used as adverbs are underlined rather than circled) 1 not
4
2 home 3 increasingly 4 truly 5 yesterday 6 often weekends 7 Friday 8 pleasantly 9 tonight 10 somewhat
Exercise A Distinguishing Between AdJecshytives and Adverbs 1 adverb 2 adjective 3 adverb 4 adjective 5 adverb 6 adjective 7 adverb 8 adverb 9 adjective 10 adjective
Exercise B Adding Adverbs and Adjectives to Sentences 1 regularly 2 sore 3 honest 4 carefully 5 frequently 6 regular 7 honestly 8 careful 9 sorely to frequent
~ pages 20-21
Exercise A Supplying Prepositions Answers will vary samples are given 1 throughout 2 amid 3 in addition to 4 next to 5 about 6 by 7 on 8 in place of 9 but 10 In spite of
Exercise B Identifying Prepositional Phrases (Objects are listed rather than circled) 1 IAccording to paper at duskl 2 for you next to mine 3 between countriesl 4 lof apples [into slicesl 5 Iwith exposure Ifor plant 6 lin back lof boat from spray 7 through courtyard 8 Idown street Ion top] lof garageJ 9 into house] Ithrough crack in window 10 lunderneath woodpile Ibehind barn
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Preposishytions and Adverbs 1 adv 2 adv 3 prep 4 prep 5 adv 6 prep 7 adv 8 adv 9 prep 10 prep
Exercise B Adding Prepositions and Adshyverbs to Sentences (Objects are underlined rather than circled) 1a between b between states 2a by hand b by 3a on b on ~ lope 4a behind house b behind 5a past lishybrary b past
] pages 22-24
Exercise A Identifying Conjunctions 1 before subordinating 2 yet coordinating 3 but coordinating 4 bothand correlative 5 while subordinating 6 than subordinating 7 Neithernor correlative 8 until subordinatshying 9 so that subordinating 10 whenever subordinating
Exercise B Adding Conjunctions in Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 While 2 both and 3 but 4 or 5 Although
Exercise A Identifying Words as Conjuncshytions Prepositions or Adverbs 1 conj 2 adv 3 conj 4 prep 5 adv 6 conj 7 conj 8 prep 9 coni 10 prep
Exercise B Adding Conjunctions Preposishytions or Adverbs to Sentences 1 before a adv b conj c prep 2 until a prep b conj 3 after a prep b conj c adv 4 Since a prep b conj
Exercise A Recognizing Conjunctive Adshyverbs 1 besides 2 therefore 3 none 4 indeed 5 none 6 nevertheless 7 again 8 then 9 none 10 consequently
Exercise B Adding Interjections to Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Ouch 2 Alas 3 Wow 4 Gee 5 Golly 6 Eek 7 Drat 8 Oh 9 Hurray 10 Whew
~ page25
Exercise A Identifying Parts of Speech la adj b n 2a v b adj 3a v b n 4a pro b adj 5a adj b n 6a interjection b n 7a v b n 8a conj b prep 9a n b v IOa adv b adj
Exercise B Using Words as Different Parts of Speech Answers wiII vary samples are given 1 a The prisoner refused to end his fast b Beshyfore that test you must fast from food and water for twelve hours c Cheetahs run very fast 2 a We should arrive by noon b Did you ask the Jewitts to stop by
J pages 26-29
Exercise A Recognizing Complete Subjects and Predicates 1 zebras Iroamed 2 Elena Idid 3 game Irequires 4 hallway I makes 5 owners Iarranged 6 States Iwas 7 It Icontinues 8 Children Ienjoy 9 elephants Iare 10 II accepted
Exercise B More Work with Complete Subshyjects and Predicates 1 corner Igrew 2 behavior Iaroused 3 crocodiles Icarry 4 Hieroglyphics Iwere 5 Spectators Iapshyplauded 6 boat I takes 7 Day I is 8 pie I is 9 belts Isave 10 Jeremy Iphoned
5
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Senshytences and Fragments 1 F 2 S 3 S 4 F 5 S 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 S to S
Exercise B Writing Sentences from Fragshyments Answers will vary samples are given 1 We ordered pizza in spite of Susannas objecshytions 4 We had moderate temperatures throughout the summer 6 Visitors from far and near tour the nations capitaL 7 The player with the highest batting average in the league was honored at a banquet 8 My mother spends several hours a week on her hobby
Exercise A Recognizing Simple Subjects and Predicates (Simple subjects and predicates are both underlined once) 1 Many photoshygraphshad become 2 Weenjoyed 3 organizers eventwere 4 sound vehishyclesgierced 5 All groupwear 6 You gromised 7 few membersdid not attend 8 number propertieswere destroyed 9 Whovolunteered to Mornhad not ordered
Exercise B Adding Sentence Parts Answers will vary samples are given Simple subjects and predicates are underlined rather than circled 1 My sister reads several books a week 2 Every visitor to our home receives a friendly welcome 3 No one in my homeroom takes typing 4 Kevin bats left-handed 5 The chef in that restaurant studied in Paris 6 These mail-order items arrived in record time 7 United States senators are elected to six-year terms 8 Every member of the club receives a membership card 9 The nickname of our state is the Nutmeg State 10 Most of the animals in the circus have been trained by Gunther
Exercise A Recognizing Compound Subshyjects I Jake I 2 President Vice President 3 Senate House of Representatives Supreme Court 4 guests hosts 5 lilacs roses 6 Shrimp shellfish 7 Oranges lemons limes grapefruits 8 Paul I 9 guide guards 10 Measles mumps
Exercise B Recognizing Compound Verbs I touched glided 2 did give practiced 3 writes bats 4 writes calls 5 added adshyjusted turned 6 clapped cheered called 7 put yawned 8 checked found 9 overgrew began to retreated surrendered
~ page30
Exercise A Finding Subjects tn Orders or Directions Subjects are all (you) carets go beshy
fore the words given 1 turn 2 let 3 Remember 4 read 5 remind
Exercise B Finding Subjects in Inverted Sentences 1 firefighters 2 we 3 solution ~ 4 errors 5 multitude
~ pages 31-32
Exercise A Identifying Direct Objects I sheets 2 novel articles 3 bus 4 doorkeeper 5 teacher 6 State Street High Road 7 daffodils flowers 8 fabric 9 notes 10 kinds
Exercise B More Work with Direct Objects (Direct objects are in parentheses) I (games) for hours 2 with a ball of yarn 3 (party) 4 by the side of the road 5 (steaks) (seafood) 6 (everything) with great care 6 in front of the camera 8 (car) to a shadier sgot 9 (horse) 10 out of town
Exercise A Identifying Indirect Objects 1 Michelle Joe 2 lawyer 3 guest 4 police 5 Kelly 6 Helen Kim 7 Boris 8 Mom Dad 9 Aunt Helen to me
Exercise B Recognizing Objective Compleshyments 1 satisfying adj 2 treasurer n 3 invalid adj 4 busy adj 5 Toby n J
~ page33
Exercise A Recognizing Predicate Nominashytives and Predicate Adjectives 1 tired exhilerated PA 2 tan muscular PA 3 bestshyseller PN 4 popular PA 5 distance PN 6 consultant PN 7 triplets PN 8 surgeon internist PN 9 thorough PA to constructive workable PA
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Comshypound Subject Complements Answers will vary samples are given 1 practical PA 2 zesty PA 3 rich PA 4 Saints PN 5 Lou PN
] pages 34-35
Exercise A Recognizing the Parts of Basic Sentence Patterns (Complements are simply listed not boxed) 1 guide showed us route 2 Jack Joan had visited us 3 work ~ detailed delicate 4 Amanda felt discouragedshy5 ViCtoria became Queen 6 graduates began ceremonies 7 director sent us brochure-shy8 Dora gave party 9 inSifration made me stushydent to Dad gromised Hugh me bonus
6
Exercise B Recognizing Basic Sentence Patshyterns 1 S-AV-IO-DO 2 S-S-AV-DO 3 S-LV-PA-PA 4 S-LV-PA 5 S-LV-PN 6 S-AV-DO 7 S-AV-IO-DO 8 S-AV-DO
- 9 S-AV-DO-OC 10 S-AV-IO-IO-DO
Exercise A Recognizing the Parts of Inshyverted Sentence Patterns (Complements are simply listed not boxed) 1 eager we were 2 ~ chance 3 courses will you be takmg 4 Has Gerry prepared speech 5 mountains those are 6 Am lone 7 are books 8 bolted stallion 9 Was l2y successful 10 came shriek - - shy
Exercise B Recognizing Inverted Sentence Patterns 1 COMP-S-V 2 V-S 3 COMPshyHV-S-V 4 HV-S-V-COMP 5 COMP-S-V 6 V-S-COMP 7 V-S 8 V- S 9 V-S-COMP 10 V-S
~ pages 36-38
Exercise A Diagraming Subjects Verbs Modifiers and Conjunctions
1
wild flowers
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagrams
1
2 (you) move
3 Here
answer Is
Exercise A Diagraming Sentences with Conjunctions
1 was assassinated
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagraming
1 Sandy
Dennis
2
met
3
7
L
Exercise A Diagraming Complements
Immunity
2
declared
Exercise B More Work with Complements
1
~ page39
Exercise A Identifying Adjective Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 in the lab (Everyone) on page 30 (experiment) 2 at the end (house) of the street (end) 3 in the fence (gate) around the estate (fence) 4 for the new committee (plans) 5 from France (students) in our neighborhood (family)
Exercise B Identifying Adverb Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) L from one foot (shifted) to the other (shifted) 2 Without any hesitation (stepped) to the microshyphone (stepped) 3 to the launch pad (close) 4 After the game (stopped) at the diner (stopped) 5 for a glimpse (eager)
~ page40
Exercise A Identifying Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases (Renamed words are given in parentheses) L July 14 (Bastille Day) 2 Juan Linda (person) 3 tunafish with lettuce and cheese (lunch) 4 a moist fertile spot in the desert (oasis) 5 her faithful clerk (Jenkins) 6 all (We) 7 Phyllis Len (captains) 8 a young couple from Paris (neighbors) 9 Arsenic and Old Lace (comedy) 10 Pete Sue Judy (them)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Apposishytives and Appositive Phrases 1 The explorshyers Lewis and Clark opened the Northwest Terrishytory 2 Delaware has only three counties Kent Sussex and New Castle 3 My cousin lives in Austin the capital of Texas 4 A local reporter Annette Jackson broke the story 5 Both finalshyists Logan and Bruce are fine competitors
] pages 41-43
Exercise A Identifying Participles (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 broken (finshyger) past 2 crying (baby) present 3 stirring (speech) present 4 injured (bird) past 5 frozen (dessert) past 6 acting (chairman) present 7 drowning (man) present 8 building (permit) present 9 broken (promshyise) past to revised (proposal) past
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Verbs and Participles 1 verb 2 participle 3 participle 4 verb 5 participle 6 verb 7 verb 8 participle 9 participle to verb
Exercise A Recognizing Participial Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 visiting the Jacksons (family) 2 signed by Napoleon (letter) 3 Feeling uneasy (baby-sitter) 4 sold at the farm store (pie) 5 Bought by an eccentric millionaire (car) 6 standing outside the library (Mike) 7 having a pet (Anyone) 8 Confused by the directions (contestant) 9 hanging from the ceiling (plant) 10 lost in the department store (child)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Particishypial Phrases 1 The person looking in the window is our neighbor 2 The storm coming from the west is bringing precipitation 3 Early sketches made by that painter have become valushyable 4 The wallet found on the street had no identification in it 5 We enjoyed all the food served at the party
8
Exercise A Recognizing Nominative Absoshylutes 1 The band continuing to play 2 Hours having passed without any word 3 The patient recovering nicely 4 her right hand broken 5 their best players injured 6 Their chores completed 7 The train having broken down 8 The buffet table looking so tempting 9 Their argument resolved 10 The air conditioning not working
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Nominashytive Absolutes Answers will vary samples are given 1 A parade scheduled for tomorrow the police 2 Our decorations complete the room 3 Her sweater at home Lucy 4 for Kenny his being broken 5 The apshyplause having subsided the speaker
~ pages 44-45
Exercise A Recognizing Gerunds 1 Fishing S 2 coloring DO 3 flying OP 4 Losing S 5 cheating OP 6 bowling APP 7 Pruning S 8 skiing APP 9 training 10 10 drawing OP
Exercise B Recognizing Verbs Participles and Gerunds 1 G 2 G 3 P 4 V 5 V 6 G 7 P 8 V 9 G 10 P
Exercise A Recognizing Gerund Phrases 1 learning French DO 2 counting to ten PN 3 Training long hours S 4 changing her mind about the color for the walls DO 5 Working for the mayors re-election S 6 our working so hard DO 7 entering the house OP 8 choosing a good topic PN 9 finding the buried treasure OP 10 practicing hard OP
Exercise B Writing Nouns and Pronouns Beshyfore Gerunds 1 their 2 Suzis 3 our 4 His 5 My 6 Her 7 Their 8 his 9 Kens 10 Your
] pages 46-47
Exercise A Identifying Inftnitives 1 to acshycept adv 2 to work adj 3 to learn adv 4 to succeed adv 5 to try adv 6 to fly n 7 to watch adj 8 to rule adj 9 to listen n 10 to play n
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Preposishytional Phrases and Inftnitlves 1 fNF 2 PP 3 PP 4 INF 5 PP 6 INF 7 INF 8 PP 9 PP 10 lNF
Exercise A Recognizing Inftnitlve Phrases 1 to take seriously adj 2 to work harder adj
3 all entries to bemailedbyThursdayn4to try on their new uniforms adv 5 Mindy to aushydition for the part n 6 to wait till dinnertime n 7 to spend the night adj 8 to find that game adj 9 to sell some of these tickets n 10 her to apply for the job n
Exercise B More Work with Inftnitlve Phrases 1 that team (to) win the World Series 2 to show us an alternate route 3 him W Qy that concerto before 4 the pitcher W practice before the game 5 our cousins to ~ for the weekend 6 (to) disagree with the President in public 7 you (to) stay for dinner 8 (to) bring an inexpensive humorous gift 9 her to run again 10 s (to) take a break from raking these leaves
em pages 48-50
Exercise A Diagraming Prepositional Phrases 1
you
2 doll
Exercise B Diagraming Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases
1 Doug
Connie (worker)
9
Exercise A Diagraming Participial Phrases and Nominative Absolutes
1 We approached
2 spirits
confident
we entered contest
Exercise B Diagraming Gerunds and Gerund Phrases
1
We were disturbed
2 Whittling
became
Exercise A Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Nouns
1
threetened
2 Logan
- C3t build
you
Exercise 8 Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Adjectives and Adverbs
1
lt o follow
2
CIJ page 51
Exercise A Recognizing Adjective Clauses (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 where John F Kennedy was born (house) 2 that I cant identify (spice) 3 for whom I left the message (one) 4 whose mother is the disshytrict attorney (one) 5 that cherishes football (state) 6 who inspired me to study chemistry (teacher) 7 I have known since kindergarten (someone) 8 whose work was once ignored (poet) 9 Dad will surely like (something) 10 in which I keep my change (box)
Exercise 8 Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 where adv 2 that DO 3 whom OP 4 whose adj 5 that S 6 who S 7 (that) DO 8 whose adj 9 (that) DO to which OP
~ page52
Exercise A Identifying Adverb Clauses (Subordinating conjunctions are underlined rather than circled) 1 if we are home by eleven 2 where it would get the most sun 3 whenever he has time 4 After the butter has melted 5 if you ask her -shy
10
Exercise B Identifying Elliptical Clauses 1 While sick elliptical 2 than the one before elliptical 3 as Ben elliptical 4 as the clerk had promised 5 than jogging elliptical
J page53
Exercise A Identifying Noun Clauses 1 That we arrived just then S 2 when the last bus leaves DO 3 whoever wins 10 4 That she was sick S 5 which house has more space PN 6 that you enter the contest again DO 7 whatever became of Jane OP 8 whomever you see 10 9 What Carol reshyported S 10 whether he should work or go fishing PN
Exercise B Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 That NONE 2 when ADV 3 whoever S 4 That NONE 5 which ADJ 6 that NONE 7 whatever S 8 whomever DO 9 What DO 10 whether NONE
~ pages 54-55
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Simple and Compound Sentences I compound 2 simple 3 simple 4 compound 5 compound 6 simple 7 compound 8 simple 9 compound 10 simple
Exercise B Identifying the Structure of Senshytences I 3 2 1 3 2 4 2 5 1 6 4 7 1 8 3 9 I 10 4
Exercise A Identifying the Function of Senshytences I imperative 2 interrogative 3 interrogative 4 declarative 5 imperative 6 exclamatory 7 imperative 8 declarative 9 declarative 10 interrogative
Exercise B Choosing the Correct End Mark by Function I (0 2 () 3 (1) 4 () 5 () 6 () 7 (I) 8 () 9 () 10 ()
] pages 56-58
Exercise A Diagraming Compound Sentences 1
(you) Tie
I or _ I
may fallswing I I
Mike advertised I I IL but __
no one
I I
applied
~ It
Exercise B Diagraming Compound Elements and Compound Sentences 1
Maureen
2 (you)
I I
IL for __
Watch
I I
sidewalk maybe slippery
Exercise A Diagraming Adjective and Adshyverb Clauses 1
you should write
you gift
2 Edna
she
11
someone
Exercise A Diagraming Compound-Complex Sentences
1
unloaded car I I I I and _-
I I
led
1 1
1
$I
$1 I
I
found campsite
us
2 she took
lil
I sect Julie went L_b~~
6 Chtcago
she will fly
~ Los Angeles
I
I butL __ It Inaccurate
I I
do know l
[D pages 59-60
Exercise A Identifying Sentence Fragments bull 1 fragment 2 fragment 3 sentence ~ 4 fragment 5 fragment 6 sentence 7 fragment 8 fragment 9 fragment 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Sentence Fragments Answers will vary samples are given 1 It can be a mistake to believe everything you hear 2 What can we buy a person who has everyshything 4 The woman on the speakers platform will nominate the presidential candidate 5 Pete plays the piano with enthusiasm and enshyergy 7 Heaping platters and bowls of delicashycies filled the buffet table 8 That ballerina gave one of the most exciting performances I have ever seen 9 Driving along the Pacific Coast was a thrilling experience
Exercise A Identifying Run-ons 1 sentence 2 run-on 3 run-on 4 run-on 5 sentence 6 run-on 7 run-on 8 run-on 9 run-on 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Run-ons Methods of correcting will vary samples are given 2 The beach is pleasant during the week but it is crowded on weekends 3 The play was excelshylent although the cast was only mediocre 4 Jason my brother wants to become a teacher
12
6 Youll love that book because its a mystery 7 Ben applied for a variety of jobs but everyone said he was over qualified 8 Although in genshyeral I hate exercise swimming is one thing I do enjoy 9 When Juliette fell off the swing she broke her wrist
J pages 61-63
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 with a cry of dismay 2 a dozen times 4 with deep emotion in his voice 5 with squeals of delight 7 from the upstairs window 8 in the thrift shop 9 in the princishypals office to with a secret compartment
Exercise B Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Flying low over the treetops 2 Shucking oysters at Caros Clam Bar 4 Clearing the bar at seventeen feet 5 practicing last week 6 motoring through Vermont 7 Cheered by a taste of success 9 Peering through the keyhole to Arriving at the theater an hour late
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 at 800 PM 2 with a duck in his mouth 3 using his high-speed camera 4 in an angry voice 5 Cheering wildly 6 in the middle of our trip 7 with small bones in them 8 strolling around the village green 9 with a jelly jar to on the enclosed postcard
Exercise B Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Tonight at 800 PM WClV presents 2 With a duck in his mouth the retriever swam 3 Using his high-speed camera Dad 4 In an angry voice the customer demanded 5 Cheering wildly the fans greeted the home team 6 Mom remembered in the middle of our trip that she had not 7 Please dont give scraps with small bones in them 8 Strolling around the village green we saw 9 With a jelly jar David waited patiently for to Let us know on the enclosed postcard
Exercise A Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Strolling through the narrow streets 2 Searching for the missing contract 3 Doing my homework 4 Before parking in that lot 5 while watching the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail 7 approaching the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas 9 Entering the dinshying room 10 Born into an immigrant family
Exercise B Correcting Dangling Modifiers Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Strolling through the narrow streets we found
the native quarter picturesque 2 Searching for the missing contract the author turned the whole house upside down 3 Doing my homework I found the radio next door distracting 4 Before parking in that lot a person must purchase a sticker 5 His wallet was stolen while he watched the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail the sheriff thought the case was closed 7 Vegetation became sparse as we approached the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas the Gants discovered oil 9 Entering the dining room we exclaimed at how appetizing the roast turkey looked to Born into an immigrant family the young woman thought the White House was an imposshysible goal for her
] pages 64-65
Exercise A Recognizing Parallel Ideas 1 cooking sewing painting 2 by eating less by exercising more 3 for originality for aptness of expression 4 brief colorful 5 to be true to himself to value his friends to keep his own counsel 6 groceries childrens clothing preshyscription drugs 7 c~tting costs increasing proshyductivity improving distribution 8 taking careshyful notes reviewing the material daily 9 who could have committed so bizarre a crime what the motive might have been 10 imaginative pashytient sympathetic
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Corred and Faulty Parallelism 1 F 2 C 3 F 4 C 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F to C
Exercise A Identifying Faulty Parallelism Exact portions underlined may vary within reashyson samples are given 1 for being colorless that he was overly cautious 2 cooking to clean up afterward 3 who will help in the stock room to make deliveries 4 Reading the book to write a report on it 5 played with great feelshying occasionally hitting some sour notes 6 hiking to camp out 7 by cutting costs sell more widgets 8 receiving letters to write them 9 typing filing to do simple bookkeeping 10 on flying to take a train
Exercise B Correcting Faulty Parallelism Corrections will vary samples are given 1 for being colorless and overly cautious 2 likes cooking but dislikes cleaning up afterward 3 someone who will work in the stock room and make deliveries 4 Reading the book was fun but writing a report on it was hard 5 played with great feeling but occasionally hit some sour notes 6 liked hiking and campshy
13
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
14
Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
15
4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
2 home 3 increasingly 4 truly 5 yesterday 6 often weekends 7 Friday 8 pleasantly 9 tonight 10 somewhat
Exercise A Distinguishing Between AdJecshytives and Adverbs 1 adverb 2 adjective 3 adverb 4 adjective 5 adverb 6 adjective 7 adverb 8 adverb 9 adjective 10 adjective
Exercise B Adding Adverbs and Adjectives to Sentences 1 regularly 2 sore 3 honest 4 carefully 5 frequently 6 regular 7 honestly 8 careful 9 sorely to frequent
~ pages 20-21
Exercise A Supplying Prepositions Answers will vary samples are given 1 throughout 2 amid 3 in addition to 4 next to 5 about 6 by 7 on 8 in place of 9 but 10 In spite of
Exercise B Identifying Prepositional Phrases (Objects are listed rather than circled) 1 IAccording to paper at duskl 2 for you next to mine 3 between countriesl 4 lof apples [into slicesl 5 Iwith exposure Ifor plant 6 lin back lof boat from spray 7 through courtyard 8 Idown street Ion top] lof garageJ 9 into house] Ithrough crack in window 10 lunderneath woodpile Ibehind barn
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Preposishytions and Adverbs 1 adv 2 adv 3 prep 4 prep 5 adv 6 prep 7 adv 8 adv 9 prep 10 prep
Exercise B Adding Prepositions and Adshyverbs to Sentences (Objects are underlined rather than circled) 1a between b between states 2a by hand b by 3a on b on ~ lope 4a behind house b behind 5a past lishybrary b past
] pages 22-24
Exercise A Identifying Conjunctions 1 before subordinating 2 yet coordinating 3 but coordinating 4 bothand correlative 5 while subordinating 6 than subordinating 7 Neithernor correlative 8 until subordinatshying 9 so that subordinating 10 whenever subordinating
Exercise B Adding Conjunctions in Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 While 2 both and 3 but 4 or 5 Although
Exercise A Identifying Words as Conjuncshytions Prepositions or Adverbs 1 conj 2 adv 3 conj 4 prep 5 adv 6 conj 7 conj 8 prep 9 coni 10 prep
Exercise B Adding Conjunctions Preposishytions or Adverbs to Sentences 1 before a adv b conj c prep 2 until a prep b conj 3 after a prep b conj c adv 4 Since a prep b conj
Exercise A Recognizing Conjunctive Adshyverbs 1 besides 2 therefore 3 none 4 indeed 5 none 6 nevertheless 7 again 8 then 9 none 10 consequently
Exercise B Adding Interjections to Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Ouch 2 Alas 3 Wow 4 Gee 5 Golly 6 Eek 7 Drat 8 Oh 9 Hurray 10 Whew
~ page25
Exercise A Identifying Parts of Speech la adj b n 2a v b adj 3a v b n 4a pro b adj 5a adj b n 6a interjection b n 7a v b n 8a conj b prep 9a n b v IOa adv b adj
Exercise B Using Words as Different Parts of Speech Answers wiII vary samples are given 1 a The prisoner refused to end his fast b Beshyfore that test you must fast from food and water for twelve hours c Cheetahs run very fast 2 a We should arrive by noon b Did you ask the Jewitts to stop by
J pages 26-29
Exercise A Recognizing Complete Subjects and Predicates 1 zebras Iroamed 2 Elena Idid 3 game Irequires 4 hallway I makes 5 owners Iarranged 6 States Iwas 7 It Icontinues 8 Children Ienjoy 9 elephants Iare 10 II accepted
Exercise B More Work with Complete Subshyjects and Predicates 1 corner Igrew 2 behavior Iaroused 3 crocodiles Icarry 4 Hieroglyphics Iwere 5 Spectators Iapshyplauded 6 boat I takes 7 Day I is 8 pie I is 9 belts Isave 10 Jeremy Iphoned
5
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Senshytences and Fragments 1 F 2 S 3 S 4 F 5 S 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 S to S
Exercise B Writing Sentences from Fragshyments Answers will vary samples are given 1 We ordered pizza in spite of Susannas objecshytions 4 We had moderate temperatures throughout the summer 6 Visitors from far and near tour the nations capitaL 7 The player with the highest batting average in the league was honored at a banquet 8 My mother spends several hours a week on her hobby
Exercise A Recognizing Simple Subjects and Predicates (Simple subjects and predicates are both underlined once) 1 Many photoshygraphshad become 2 Weenjoyed 3 organizers eventwere 4 sound vehishyclesgierced 5 All groupwear 6 You gromised 7 few membersdid not attend 8 number propertieswere destroyed 9 Whovolunteered to Mornhad not ordered
Exercise B Adding Sentence Parts Answers will vary samples are given Simple subjects and predicates are underlined rather than circled 1 My sister reads several books a week 2 Every visitor to our home receives a friendly welcome 3 No one in my homeroom takes typing 4 Kevin bats left-handed 5 The chef in that restaurant studied in Paris 6 These mail-order items arrived in record time 7 United States senators are elected to six-year terms 8 Every member of the club receives a membership card 9 The nickname of our state is the Nutmeg State 10 Most of the animals in the circus have been trained by Gunther
Exercise A Recognizing Compound Subshyjects I Jake I 2 President Vice President 3 Senate House of Representatives Supreme Court 4 guests hosts 5 lilacs roses 6 Shrimp shellfish 7 Oranges lemons limes grapefruits 8 Paul I 9 guide guards 10 Measles mumps
Exercise B Recognizing Compound Verbs I touched glided 2 did give practiced 3 writes bats 4 writes calls 5 added adshyjusted turned 6 clapped cheered called 7 put yawned 8 checked found 9 overgrew began to retreated surrendered
~ page30
Exercise A Finding Subjects tn Orders or Directions Subjects are all (you) carets go beshy
fore the words given 1 turn 2 let 3 Remember 4 read 5 remind
Exercise B Finding Subjects in Inverted Sentences 1 firefighters 2 we 3 solution ~ 4 errors 5 multitude
~ pages 31-32
Exercise A Identifying Direct Objects I sheets 2 novel articles 3 bus 4 doorkeeper 5 teacher 6 State Street High Road 7 daffodils flowers 8 fabric 9 notes 10 kinds
Exercise B More Work with Direct Objects (Direct objects are in parentheses) I (games) for hours 2 with a ball of yarn 3 (party) 4 by the side of the road 5 (steaks) (seafood) 6 (everything) with great care 6 in front of the camera 8 (car) to a shadier sgot 9 (horse) 10 out of town
Exercise A Identifying Indirect Objects 1 Michelle Joe 2 lawyer 3 guest 4 police 5 Kelly 6 Helen Kim 7 Boris 8 Mom Dad 9 Aunt Helen to me
Exercise B Recognizing Objective Compleshyments 1 satisfying adj 2 treasurer n 3 invalid adj 4 busy adj 5 Toby n J
~ page33
Exercise A Recognizing Predicate Nominashytives and Predicate Adjectives 1 tired exhilerated PA 2 tan muscular PA 3 bestshyseller PN 4 popular PA 5 distance PN 6 consultant PN 7 triplets PN 8 surgeon internist PN 9 thorough PA to constructive workable PA
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Comshypound Subject Complements Answers will vary samples are given 1 practical PA 2 zesty PA 3 rich PA 4 Saints PN 5 Lou PN
] pages 34-35
Exercise A Recognizing the Parts of Basic Sentence Patterns (Complements are simply listed not boxed) 1 guide showed us route 2 Jack Joan had visited us 3 work ~ detailed delicate 4 Amanda felt discouragedshy5 ViCtoria became Queen 6 graduates began ceremonies 7 director sent us brochure-shy8 Dora gave party 9 inSifration made me stushydent to Dad gromised Hugh me bonus
6
Exercise B Recognizing Basic Sentence Patshyterns 1 S-AV-IO-DO 2 S-S-AV-DO 3 S-LV-PA-PA 4 S-LV-PA 5 S-LV-PN 6 S-AV-DO 7 S-AV-IO-DO 8 S-AV-DO
- 9 S-AV-DO-OC 10 S-AV-IO-IO-DO
Exercise A Recognizing the Parts of Inshyverted Sentence Patterns (Complements are simply listed not boxed) 1 eager we were 2 ~ chance 3 courses will you be takmg 4 Has Gerry prepared speech 5 mountains those are 6 Am lone 7 are books 8 bolted stallion 9 Was l2y successful 10 came shriek - - shy
Exercise B Recognizing Inverted Sentence Patterns 1 COMP-S-V 2 V-S 3 COMPshyHV-S-V 4 HV-S-V-COMP 5 COMP-S-V 6 V-S-COMP 7 V-S 8 V- S 9 V-S-COMP 10 V-S
~ pages 36-38
Exercise A Diagraming Subjects Verbs Modifiers and Conjunctions
1
wild flowers
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagrams
1
2 (you) move
3 Here
answer Is
Exercise A Diagraming Sentences with Conjunctions
1 was assassinated
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagraming
1 Sandy
Dennis
2
met
3
7
L
Exercise A Diagraming Complements
Immunity
2
declared
Exercise B More Work with Complements
1
~ page39
Exercise A Identifying Adjective Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 in the lab (Everyone) on page 30 (experiment) 2 at the end (house) of the street (end) 3 in the fence (gate) around the estate (fence) 4 for the new committee (plans) 5 from France (students) in our neighborhood (family)
Exercise B Identifying Adverb Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) L from one foot (shifted) to the other (shifted) 2 Without any hesitation (stepped) to the microshyphone (stepped) 3 to the launch pad (close) 4 After the game (stopped) at the diner (stopped) 5 for a glimpse (eager)
~ page40
Exercise A Identifying Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases (Renamed words are given in parentheses) L July 14 (Bastille Day) 2 Juan Linda (person) 3 tunafish with lettuce and cheese (lunch) 4 a moist fertile spot in the desert (oasis) 5 her faithful clerk (Jenkins) 6 all (We) 7 Phyllis Len (captains) 8 a young couple from Paris (neighbors) 9 Arsenic and Old Lace (comedy) 10 Pete Sue Judy (them)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Apposishytives and Appositive Phrases 1 The explorshyers Lewis and Clark opened the Northwest Terrishytory 2 Delaware has only three counties Kent Sussex and New Castle 3 My cousin lives in Austin the capital of Texas 4 A local reporter Annette Jackson broke the story 5 Both finalshyists Logan and Bruce are fine competitors
] pages 41-43
Exercise A Identifying Participles (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 broken (finshyger) past 2 crying (baby) present 3 stirring (speech) present 4 injured (bird) past 5 frozen (dessert) past 6 acting (chairman) present 7 drowning (man) present 8 building (permit) present 9 broken (promshyise) past to revised (proposal) past
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Verbs and Participles 1 verb 2 participle 3 participle 4 verb 5 participle 6 verb 7 verb 8 participle 9 participle to verb
Exercise A Recognizing Participial Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 visiting the Jacksons (family) 2 signed by Napoleon (letter) 3 Feeling uneasy (baby-sitter) 4 sold at the farm store (pie) 5 Bought by an eccentric millionaire (car) 6 standing outside the library (Mike) 7 having a pet (Anyone) 8 Confused by the directions (contestant) 9 hanging from the ceiling (plant) 10 lost in the department store (child)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Particishypial Phrases 1 The person looking in the window is our neighbor 2 The storm coming from the west is bringing precipitation 3 Early sketches made by that painter have become valushyable 4 The wallet found on the street had no identification in it 5 We enjoyed all the food served at the party
8
Exercise A Recognizing Nominative Absoshylutes 1 The band continuing to play 2 Hours having passed without any word 3 The patient recovering nicely 4 her right hand broken 5 their best players injured 6 Their chores completed 7 The train having broken down 8 The buffet table looking so tempting 9 Their argument resolved 10 The air conditioning not working
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Nominashytive Absolutes Answers will vary samples are given 1 A parade scheduled for tomorrow the police 2 Our decorations complete the room 3 Her sweater at home Lucy 4 for Kenny his being broken 5 The apshyplause having subsided the speaker
~ pages 44-45
Exercise A Recognizing Gerunds 1 Fishing S 2 coloring DO 3 flying OP 4 Losing S 5 cheating OP 6 bowling APP 7 Pruning S 8 skiing APP 9 training 10 10 drawing OP
Exercise B Recognizing Verbs Participles and Gerunds 1 G 2 G 3 P 4 V 5 V 6 G 7 P 8 V 9 G 10 P
Exercise A Recognizing Gerund Phrases 1 learning French DO 2 counting to ten PN 3 Training long hours S 4 changing her mind about the color for the walls DO 5 Working for the mayors re-election S 6 our working so hard DO 7 entering the house OP 8 choosing a good topic PN 9 finding the buried treasure OP 10 practicing hard OP
Exercise B Writing Nouns and Pronouns Beshyfore Gerunds 1 their 2 Suzis 3 our 4 His 5 My 6 Her 7 Their 8 his 9 Kens 10 Your
] pages 46-47
Exercise A Identifying Inftnitives 1 to acshycept adv 2 to work adj 3 to learn adv 4 to succeed adv 5 to try adv 6 to fly n 7 to watch adj 8 to rule adj 9 to listen n 10 to play n
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Preposishytional Phrases and Inftnitlves 1 fNF 2 PP 3 PP 4 INF 5 PP 6 INF 7 INF 8 PP 9 PP 10 lNF
Exercise A Recognizing Inftnitlve Phrases 1 to take seriously adj 2 to work harder adj
3 all entries to bemailedbyThursdayn4to try on their new uniforms adv 5 Mindy to aushydition for the part n 6 to wait till dinnertime n 7 to spend the night adj 8 to find that game adj 9 to sell some of these tickets n 10 her to apply for the job n
Exercise B More Work with Inftnitlve Phrases 1 that team (to) win the World Series 2 to show us an alternate route 3 him W Qy that concerto before 4 the pitcher W practice before the game 5 our cousins to ~ for the weekend 6 (to) disagree with the President in public 7 you (to) stay for dinner 8 (to) bring an inexpensive humorous gift 9 her to run again 10 s (to) take a break from raking these leaves
em pages 48-50
Exercise A Diagraming Prepositional Phrases 1
you
2 doll
Exercise B Diagraming Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases
1 Doug
Connie (worker)
9
Exercise A Diagraming Participial Phrases and Nominative Absolutes
1 We approached
2 spirits
confident
we entered contest
Exercise B Diagraming Gerunds and Gerund Phrases
1
We were disturbed
2 Whittling
became
Exercise A Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Nouns
1
threetened
2 Logan
- C3t build
you
Exercise 8 Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Adjectives and Adverbs
1
lt o follow
2
CIJ page 51
Exercise A Recognizing Adjective Clauses (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 where John F Kennedy was born (house) 2 that I cant identify (spice) 3 for whom I left the message (one) 4 whose mother is the disshytrict attorney (one) 5 that cherishes football (state) 6 who inspired me to study chemistry (teacher) 7 I have known since kindergarten (someone) 8 whose work was once ignored (poet) 9 Dad will surely like (something) 10 in which I keep my change (box)
Exercise 8 Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 where adv 2 that DO 3 whom OP 4 whose adj 5 that S 6 who S 7 (that) DO 8 whose adj 9 (that) DO to which OP
~ page52
Exercise A Identifying Adverb Clauses (Subordinating conjunctions are underlined rather than circled) 1 if we are home by eleven 2 where it would get the most sun 3 whenever he has time 4 After the butter has melted 5 if you ask her -shy
10
Exercise B Identifying Elliptical Clauses 1 While sick elliptical 2 than the one before elliptical 3 as Ben elliptical 4 as the clerk had promised 5 than jogging elliptical
J page53
Exercise A Identifying Noun Clauses 1 That we arrived just then S 2 when the last bus leaves DO 3 whoever wins 10 4 That she was sick S 5 which house has more space PN 6 that you enter the contest again DO 7 whatever became of Jane OP 8 whomever you see 10 9 What Carol reshyported S 10 whether he should work or go fishing PN
Exercise B Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 That NONE 2 when ADV 3 whoever S 4 That NONE 5 which ADJ 6 that NONE 7 whatever S 8 whomever DO 9 What DO 10 whether NONE
~ pages 54-55
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Simple and Compound Sentences I compound 2 simple 3 simple 4 compound 5 compound 6 simple 7 compound 8 simple 9 compound 10 simple
Exercise B Identifying the Structure of Senshytences I 3 2 1 3 2 4 2 5 1 6 4 7 1 8 3 9 I 10 4
Exercise A Identifying the Function of Senshytences I imperative 2 interrogative 3 interrogative 4 declarative 5 imperative 6 exclamatory 7 imperative 8 declarative 9 declarative 10 interrogative
Exercise B Choosing the Correct End Mark by Function I (0 2 () 3 (1) 4 () 5 () 6 () 7 (I) 8 () 9 () 10 ()
] pages 56-58
Exercise A Diagraming Compound Sentences 1
(you) Tie
I or _ I
may fallswing I I
Mike advertised I I IL but __
no one
I I
applied
~ It
Exercise B Diagraming Compound Elements and Compound Sentences 1
Maureen
2 (you)
I I
IL for __
Watch
I I
sidewalk maybe slippery
Exercise A Diagraming Adjective and Adshyverb Clauses 1
you should write
you gift
2 Edna
she
11
someone
Exercise A Diagraming Compound-Complex Sentences
1
unloaded car I I I I and _-
I I
led
1 1
1
$I
$1 I
I
found campsite
us
2 she took
lil
I sect Julie went L_b~~
6 Chtcago
she will fly
~ Los Angeles
I
I butL __ It Inaccurate
I I
do know l
[D pages 59-60
Exercise A Identifying Sentence Fragments bull 1 fragment 2 fragment 3 sentence ~ 4 fragment 5 fragment 6 sentence 7 fragment 8 fragment 9 fragment 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Sentence Fragments Answers will vary samples are given 1 It can be a mistake to believe everything you hear 2 What can we buy a person who has everyshything 4 The woman on the speakers platform will nominate the presidential candidate 5 Pete plays the piano with enthusiasm and enshyergy 7 Heaping platters and bowls of delicashycies filled the buffet table 8 That ballerina gave one of the most exciting performances I have ever seen 9 Driving along the Pacific Coast was a thrilling experience
Exercise A Identifying Run-ons 1 sentence 2 run-on 3 run-on 4 run-on 5 sentence 6 run-on 7 run-on 8 run-on 9 run-on 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Run-ons Methods of correcting will vary samples are given 2 The beach is pleasant during the week but it is crowded on weekends 3 The play was excelshylent although the cast was only mediocre 4 Jason my brother wants to become a teacher
12
6 Youll love that book because its a mystery 7 Ben applied for a variety of jobs but everyone said he was over qualified 8 Although in genshyeral I hate exercise swimming is one thing I do enjoy 9 When Juliette fell off the swing she broke her wrist
J pages 61-63
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 with a cry of dismay 2 a dozen times 4 with deep emotion in his voice 5 with squeals of delight 7 from the upstairs window 8 in the thrift shop 9 in the princishypals office to with a secret compartment
Exercise B Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Flying low over the treetops 2 Shucking oysters at Caros Clam Bar 4 Clearing the bar at seventeen feet 5 practicing last week 6 motoring through Vermont 7 Cheered by a taste of success 9 Peering through the keyhole to Arriving at the theater an hour late
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 at 800 PM 2 with a duck in his mouth 3 using his high-speed camera 4 in an angry voice 5 Cheering wildly 6 in the middle of our trip 7 with small bones in them 8 strolling around the village green 9 with a jelly jar to on the enclosed postcard
Exercise B Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Tonight at 800 PM WClV presents 2 With a duck in his mouth the retriever swam 3 Using his high-speed camera Dad 4 In an angry voice the customer demanded 5 Cheering wildly the fans greeted the home team 6 Mom remembered in the middle of our trip that she had not 7 Please dont give scraps with small bones in them 8 Strolling around the village green we saw 9 With a jelly jar David waited patiently for to Let us know on the enclosed postcard
Exercise A Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Strolling through the narrow streets 2 Searching for the missing contract 3 Doing my homework 4 Before parking in that lot 5 while watching the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail 7 approaching the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas 9 Entering the dinshying room 10 Born into an immigrant family
Exercise B Correcting Dangling Modifiers Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Strolling through the narrow streets we found
the native quarter picturesque 2 Searching for the missing contract the author turned the whole house upside down 3 Doing my homework I found the radio next door distracting 4 Before parking in that lot a person must purchase a sticker 5 His wallet was stolen while he watched the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail the sheriff thought the case was closed 7 Vegetation became sparse as we approached the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas the Gants discovered oil 9 Entering the dining room we exclaimed at how appetizing the roast turkey looked to Born into an immigrant family the young woman thought the White House was an imposshysible goal for her
] pages 64-65
Exercise A Recognizing Parallel Ideas 1 cooking sewing painting 2 by eating less by exercising more 3 for originality for aptness of expression 4 brief colorful 5 to be true to himself to value his friends to keep his own counsel 6 groceries childrens clothing preshyscription drugs 7 c~tting costs increasing proshyductivity improving distribution 8 taking careshyful notes reviewing the material daily 9 who could have committed so bizarre a crime what the motive might have been 10 imaginative pashytient sympathetic
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Corred and Faulty Parallelism 1 F 2 C 3 F 4 C 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F to C
Exercise A Identifying Faulty Parallelism Exact portions underlined may vary within reashyson samples are given 1 for being colorless that he was overly cautious 2 cooking to clean up afterward 3 who will help in the stock room to make deliveries 4 Reading the book to write a report on it 5 played with great feelshying occasionally hitting some sour notes 6 hiking to camp out 7 by cutting costs sell more widgets 8 receiving letters to write them 9 typing filing to do simple bookkeeping 10 on flying to take a train
Exercise B Correcting Faulty Parallelism Corrections will vary samples are given 1 for being colorless and overly cautious 2 likes cooking but dislikes cleaning up afterward 3 someone who will work in the stock room and make deliveries 4 Reading the book was fun but writing a report on it was hard 5 played with great feeling but occasionally hit some sour notes 6 liked hiking and campshy
13
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
14
Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
15
4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Senshytences and Fragments 1 F 2 S 3 S 4 F 5 S 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 S to S
Exercise B Writing Sentences from Fragshyments Answers will vary samples are given 1 We ordered pizza in spite of Susannas objecshytions 4 We had moderate temperatures throughout the summer 6 Visitors from far and near tour the nations capitaL 7 The player with the highest batting average in the league was honored at a banquet 8 My mother spends several hours a week on her hobby
Exercise A Recognizing Simple Subjects and Predicates (Simple subjects and predicates are both underlined once) 1 Many photoshygraphshad become 2 Weenjoyed 3 organizers eventwere 4 sound vehishyclesgierced 5 All groupwear 6 You gromised 7 few membersdid not attend 8 number propertieswere destroyed 9 Whovolunteered to Mornhad not ordered
Exercise B Adding Sentence Parts Answers will vary samples are given Simple subjects and predicates are underlined rather than circled 1 My sister reads several books a week 2 Every visitor to our home receives a friendly welcome 3 No one in my homeroom takes typing 4 Kevin bats left-handed 5 The chef in that restaurant studied in Paris 6 These mail-order items arrived in record time 7 United States senators are elected to six-year terms 8 Every member of the club receives a membership card 9 The nickname of our state is the Nutmeg State 10 Most of the animals in the circus have been trained by Gunther
Exercise A Recognizing Compound Subshyjects I Jake I 2 President Vice President 3 Senate House of Representatives Supreme Court 4 guests hosts 5 lilacs roses 6 Shrimp shellfish 7 Oranges lemons limes grapefruits 8 Paul I 9 guide guards 10 Measles mumps
Exercise B Recognizing Compound Verbs I touched glided 2 did give practiced 3 writes bats 4 writes calls 5 added adshyjusted turned 6 clapped cheered called 7 put yawned 8 checked found 9 overgrew began to retreated surrendered
~ page30
Exercise A Finding Subjects tn Orders or Directions Subjects are all (you) carets go beshy
fore the words given 1 turn 2 let 3 Remember 4 read 5 remind
Exercise B Finding Subjects in Inverted Sentences 1 firefighters 2 we 3 solution ~ 4 errors 5 multitude
~ pages 31-32
Exercise A Identifying Direct Objects I sheets 2 novel articles 3 bus 4 doorkeeper 5 teacher 6 State Street High Road 7 daffodils flowers 8 fabric 9 notes 10 kinds
Exercise B More Work with Direct Objects (Direct objects are in parentheses) I (games) for hours 2 with a ball of yarn 3 (party) 4 by the side of the road 5 (steaks) (seafood) 6 (everything) with great care 6 in front of the camera 8 (car) to a shadier sgot 9 (horse) 10 out of town
Exercise A Identifying Indirect Objects 1 Michelle Joe 2 lawyer 3 guest 4 police 5 Kelly 6 Helen Kim 7 Boris 8 Mom Dad 9 Aunt Helen to me
Exercise B Recognizing Objective Compleshyments 1 satisfying adj 2 treasurer n 3 invalid adj 4 busy adj 5 Toby n J
~ page33
Exercise A Recognizing Predicate Nominashytives and Predicate Adjectives 1 tired exhilerated PA 2 tan muscular PA 3 bestshyseller PN 4 popular PA 5 distance PN 6 consultant PN 7 triplets PN 8 surgeon internist PN 9 thorough PA to constructive workable PA
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Comshypound Subject Complements Answers will vary samples are given 1 practical PA 2 zesty PA 3 rich PA 4 Saints PN 5 Lou PN
] pages 34-35
Exercise A Recognizing the Parts of Basic Sentence Patterns (Complements are simply listed not boxed) 1 guide showed us route 2 Jack Joan had visited us 3 work ~ detailed delicate 4 Amanda felt discouragedshy5 ViCtoria became Queen 6 graduates began ceremonies 7 director sent us brochure-shy8 Dora gave party 9 inSifration made me stushydent to Dad gromised Hugh me bonus
6
Exercise B Recognizing Basic Sentence Patshyterns 1 S-AV-IO-DO 2 S-S-AV-DO 3 S-LV-PA-PA 4 S-LV-PA 5 S-LV-PN 6 S-AV-DO 7 S-AV-IO-DO 8 S-AV-DO
- 9 S-AV-DO-OC 10 S-AV-IO-IO-DO
Exercise A Recognizing the Parts of Inshyverted Sentence Patterns (Complements are simply listed not boxed) 1 eager we were 2 ~ chance 3 courses will you be takmg 4 Has Gerry prepared speech 5 mountains those are 6 Am lone 7 are books 8 bolted stallion 9 Was l2y successful 10 came shriek - - shy
Exercise B Recognizing Inverted Sentence Patterns 1 COMP-S-V 2 V-S 3 COMPshyHV-S-V 4 HV-S-V-COMP 5 COMP-S-V 6 V-S-COMP 7 V-S 8 V- S 9 V-S-COMP 10 V-S
~ pages 36-38
Exercise A Diagraming Subjects Verbs Modifiers and Conjunctions
1
wild flowers
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagrams
1
2 (you) move
3 Here
answer Is
Exercise A Diagraming Sentences with Conjunctions
1 was assassinated
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagraming
1 Sandy
Dennis
2
met
3
7
L
Exercise A Diagraming Complements
Immunity
2
declared
Exercise B More Work with Complements
1
~ page39
Exercise A Identifying Adjective Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 in the lab (Everyone) on page 30 (experiment) 2 at the end (house) of the street (end) 3 in the fence (gate) around the estate (fence) 4 for the new committee (plans) 5 from France (students) in our neighborhood (family)
Exercise B Identifying Adverb Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) L from one foot (shifted) to the other (shifted) 2 Without any hesitation (stepped) to the microshyphone (stepped) 3 to the launch pad (close) 4 After the game (stopped) at the diner (stopped) 5 for a glimpse (eager)
~ page40
Exercise A Identifying Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases (Renamed words are given in parentheses) L July 14 (Bastille Day) 2 Juan Linda (person) 3 tunafish with lettuce and cheese (lunch) 4 a moist fertile spot in the desert (oasis) 5 her faithful clerk (Jenkins) 6 all (We) 7 Phyllis Len (captains) 8 a young couple from Paris (neighbors) 9 Arsenic and Old Lace (comedy) 10 Pete Sue Judy (them)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Apposishytives and Appositive Phrases 1 The explorshyers Lewis and Clark opened the Northwest Terrishytory 2 Delaware has only three counties Kent Sussex and New Castle 3 My cousin lives in Austin the capital of Texas 4 A local reporter Annette Jackson broke the story 5 Both finalshyists Logan and Bruce are fine competitors
] pages 41-43
Exercise A Identifying Participles (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 broken (finshyger) past 2 crying (baby) present 3 stirring (speech) present 4 injured (bird) past 5 frozen (dessert) past 6 acting (chairman) present 7 drowning (man) present 8 building (permit) present 9 broken (promshyise) past to revised (proposal) past
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Verbs and Participles 1 verb 2 participle 3 participle 4 verb 5 participle 6 verb 7 verb 8 participle 9 participle to verb
Exercise A Recognizing Participial Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 visiting the Jacksons (family) 2 signed by Napoleon (letter) 3 Feeling uneasy (baby-sitter) 4 sold at the farm store (pie) 5 Bought by an eccentric millionaire (car) 6 standing outside the library (Mike) 7 having a pet (Anyone) 8 Confused by the directions (contestant) 9 hanging from the ceiling (plant) 10 lost in the department store (child)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Particishypial Phrases 1 The person looking in the window is our neighbor 2 The storm coming from the west is bringing precipitation 3 Early sketches made by that painter have become valushyable 4 The wallet found on the street had no identification in it 5 We enjoyed all the food served at the party
8
Exercise A Recognizing Nominative Absoshylutes 1 The band continuing to play 2 Hours having passed without any word 3 The patient recovering nicely 4 her right hand broken 5 their best players injured 6 Their chores completed 7 The train having broken down 8 The buffet table looking so tempting 9 Their argument resolved 10 The air conditioning not working
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Nominashytive Absolutes Answers will vary samples are given 1 A parade scheduled for tomorrow the police 2 Our decorations complete the room 3 Her sweater at home Lucy 4 for Kenny his being broken 5 The apshyplause having subsided the speaker
~ pages 44-45
Exercise A Recognizing Gerunds 1 Fishing S 2 coloring DO 3 flying OP 4 Losing S 5 cheating OP 6 bowling APP 7 Pruning S 8 skiing APP 9 training 10 10 drawing OP
Exercise B Recognizing Verbs Participles and Gerunds 1 G 2 G 3 P 4 V 5 V 6 G 7 P 8 V 9 G 10 P
Exercise A Recognizing Gerund Phrases 1 learning French DO 2 counting to ten PN 3 Training long hours S 4 changing her mind about the color for the walls DO 5 Working for the mayors re-election S 6 our working so hard DO 7 entering the house OP 8 choosing a good topic PN 9 finding the buried treasure OP 10 practicing hard OP
Exercise B Writing Nouns and Pronouns Beshyfore Gerunds 1 their 2 Suzis 3 our 4 His 5 My 6 Her 7 Their 8 his 9 Kens 10 Your
] pages 46-47
Exercise A Identifying Inftnitives 1 to acshycept adv 2 to work adj 3 to learn adv 4 to succeed adv 5 to try adv 6 to fly n 7 to watch adj 8 to rule adj 9 to listen n 10 to play n
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Preposishytional Phrases and Inftnitlves 1 fNF 2 PP 3 PP 4 INF 5 PP 6 INF 7 INF 8 PP 9 PP 10 lNF
Exercise A Recognizing Inftnitlve Phrases 1 to take seriously adj 2 to work harder adj
3 all entries to bemailedbyThursdayn4to try on their new uniforms adv 5 Mindy to aushydition for the part n 6 to wait till dinnertime n 7 to spend the night adj 8 to find that game adj 9 to sell some of these tickets n 10 her to apply for the job n
Exercise B More Work with Inftnitlve Phrases 1 that team (to) win the World Series 2 to show us an alternate route 3 him W Qy that concerto before 4 the pitcher W practice before the game 5 our cousins to ~ for the weekend 6 (to) disagree with the President in public 7 you (to) stay for dinner 8 (to) bring an inexpensive humorous gift 9 her to run again 10 s (to) take a break from raking these leaves
em pages 48-50
Exercise A Diagraming Prepositional Phrases 1
you
2 doll
Exercise B Diagraming Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases
1 Doug
Connie (worker)
9
Exercise A Diagraming Participial Phrases and Nominative Absolutes
1 We approached
2 spirits
confident
we entered contest
Exercise B Diagraming Gerunds and Gerund Phrases
1
We were disturbed
2 Whittling
became
Exercise A Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Nouns
1
threetened
2 Logan
- C3t build
you
Exercise 8 Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Adjectives and Adverbs
1
lt o follow
2
CIJ page 51
Exercise A Recognizing Adjective Clauses (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 where John F Kennedy was born (house) 2 that I cant identify (spice) 3 for whom I left the message (one) 4 whose mother is the disshytrict attorney (one) 5 that cherishes football (state) 6 who inspired me to study chemistry (teacher) 7 I have known since kindergarten (someone) 8 whose work was once ignored (poet) 9 Dad will surely like (something) 10 in which I keep my change (box)
Exercise 8 Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 where adv 2 that DO 3 whom OP 4 whose adj 5 that S 6 who S 7 (that) DO 8 whose adj 9 (that) DO to which OP
~ page52
Exercise A Identifying Adverb Clauses (Subordinating conjunctions are underlined rather than circled) 1 if we are home by eleven 2 where it would get the most sun 3 whenever he has time 4 After the butter has melted 5 if you ask her -shy
10
Exercise B Identifying Elliptical Clauses 1 While sick elliptical 2 than the one before elliptical 3 as Ben elliptical 4 as the clerk had promised 5 than jogging elliptical
J page53
Exercise A Identifying Noun Clauses 1 That we arrived just then S 2 when the last bus leaves DO 3 whoever wins 10 4 That she was sick S 5 which house has more space PN 6 that you enter the contest again DO 7 whatever became of Jane OP 8 whomever you see 10 9 What Carol reshyported S 10 whether he should work or go fishing PN
Exercise B Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 That NONE 2 when ADV 3 whoever S 4 That NONE 5 which ADJ 6 that NONE 7 whatever S 8 whomever DO 9 What DO 10 whether NONE
~ pages 54-55
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Simple and Compound Sentences I compound 2 simple 3 simple 4 compound 5 compound 6 simple 7 compound 8 simple 9 compound 10 simple
Exercise B Identifying the Structure of Senshytences I 3 2 1 3 2 4 2 5 1 6 4 7 1 8 3 9 I 10 4
Exercise A Identifying the Function of Senshytences I imperative 2 interrogative 3 interrogative 4 declarative 5 imperative 6 exclamatory 7 imperative 8 declarative 9 declarative 10 interrogative
Exercise B Choosing the Correct End Mark by Function I (0 2 () 3 (1) 4 () 5 () 6 () 7 (I) 8 () 9 () 10 ()
] pages 56-58
Exercise A Diagraming Compound Sentences 1
(you) Tie
I or _ I
may fallswing I I
Mike advertised I I IL but __
no one
I I
applied
~ It
Exercise B Diagraming Compound Elements and Compound Sentences 1
Maureen
2 (you)
I I
IL for __
Watch
I I
sidewalk maybe slippery
Exercise A Diagraming Adjective and Adshyverb Clauses 1
you should write
you gift
2 Edna
she
11
someone
Exercise A Diagraming Compound-Complex Sentences
1
unloaded car I I I I and _-
I I
led
1 1
1
$I
$1 I
I
found campsite
us
2 she took
lil
I sect Julie went L_b~~
6 Chtcago
she will fly
~ Los Angeles
I
I butL __ It Inaccurate
I I
do know l
[D pages 59-60
Exercise A Identifying Sentence Fragments bull 1 fragment 2 fragment 3 sentence ~ 4 fragment 5 fragment 6 sentence 7 fragment 8 fragment 9 fragment 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Sentence Fragments Answers will vary samples are given 1 It can be a mistake to believe everything you hear 2 What can we buy a person who has everyshything 4 The woman on the speakers platform will nominate the presidential candidate 5 Pete plays the piano with enthusiasm and enshyergy 7 Heaping platters and bowls of delicashycies filled the buffet table 8 That ballerina gave one of the most exciting performances I have ever seen 9 Driving along the Pacific Coast was a thrilling experience
Exercise A Identifying Run-ons 1 sentence 2 run-on 3 run-on 4 run-on 5 sentence 6 run-on 7 run-on 8 run-on 9 run-on 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Run-ons Methods of correcting will vary samples are given 2 The beach is pleasant during the week but it is crowded on weekends 3 The play was excelshylent although the cast was only mediocre 4 Jason my brother wants to become a teacher
12
6 Youll love that book because its a mystery 7 Ben applied for a variety of jobs but everyone said he was over qualified 8 Although in genshyeral I hate exercise swimming is one thing I do enjoy 9 When Juliette fell off the swing she broke her wrist
J pages 61-63
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 with a cry of dismay 2 a dozen times 4 with deep emotion in his voice 5 with squeals of delight 7 from the upstairs window 8 in the thrift shop 9 in the princishypals office to with a secret compartment
Exercise B Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Flying low over the treetops 2 Shucking oysters at Caros Clam Bar 4 Clearing the bar at seventeen feet 5 practicing last week 6 motoring through Vermont 7 Cheered by a taste of success 9 Peering through the keyhole to Arriving at the theater an hour late
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 at 800 PM 2 with a duck in his mouth 3 using his high-speed camera 4 in an angry voice 5 Cheering wildly 6 in the middle of our trip 7 with small bones in them 8 strolling around the village green 9 with a jelly jar to on the enclosed postcard
Exercise B Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Tonight at 800 PM WClV presents 2 With a duck in his mouth the retriever swam 3 Using his high-speed camera Dad 4 In an angry voice the customer demanded 5 Cheering wildly the fans greeted the home team 6 Mom remembered in the middle of our trip that she had not 7 Please dont give scraps with small bones in them 8 Strolling around the village green we saw 9 With a jelly jar David waited patiently for to Let us know on the enclosed postcard
Exercise A Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Strolling through the narrow streets 2 Searching for the missing contract 3 Doing my homework 4 Before parking in that lot 5 while watching the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail 7 approaching the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas 9 Entering the dinshying room 10 Born into an immigrant family
Exercise B Correcting Dangling Modifiers Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Strolling through the narrow streets we found
the native quarter picturesque 2 Searching for the missing contract the author turned the whole house upside down 3 Doing my homework I found the radio next door distracting 4 Before parking in that lot a person must purchase a sticker 5 His wallet was stolen while he watched the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail the sheriff thought the case was closed 7 Vegetation became sparse as we approached the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas the Gants discovered oil 9 Entering the dining room we exclaimed at how appetizing the roast turkey looked to Born into an immigrant family the young woman thought the White House was an imposshysible goal for her
] pages 64-65
Exercise A Recognizing Parallel Ideas 1 cooking sewing painting 2 by eating less by exercising more 3 for originality for aptness of expression 4 brief colorful 5 to be true to himself to value his friends to keep his own counsel 6 groceries childrens clothing preshyscription drugs 7 c~tting costs increasing proshyductivity improving distribution 8 taking careshyful notes reviewing the material daily 9 who could have committed so bizarre a crime what the motive might have been 10 imaginative pashytient sympathetic
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Corred and Faulty Parallelism 1 F 2 C 3 F 4 C 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F to C
Exercise A Identifying Faulty Parallelism Exact portions underlined may vary within reashyson samples are given 1 for being colorless that he was overly cautious 2 cooking to clean up afterward 3 who will help in the stock room to make deliveries 4 Reading the book to write a report on it 5 played with great feelshying occasionally hitting some sour notes 6 hiking to camp out 7 by cutting costs sell more widgets 8 receiving letters to write them 9 typing filing to do simple bookkeeping 10 on flying to take a train
Exercise B Correcting Faulty Parallelism Corrections will vary samples are given 1 for being colorless and overly cautious 2 likes cooking but dislikes cleaning up afterward 3 someone who will work in the stock room and make deliveries 4 Reading the book was fun but writing a report on it was hard 5 played with great feeling but occasionally hit some sour notes 6 liked hiking and campshy
13
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
14
Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
15
4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
Exercise B Recognizing Basic Sentence Patshyterns 1 S-AV-IO-DO 2 S-S-AV-DO 3 S-LV-PA-PA 4 S-LV-PA 5 S-LV-PN 6 S-AV-DO 7 S-AV-IO-DO 8 S-AV-DO
- 9 S-AV-DO-OC 10 S-AV-IO-IO-DO
Exercise A Recognizing the Parts of Inshyverted Sentence Patterns (Complements are simply listed not boxed) 1 eager we were 2 ~ chance 3 courses will you be takmg 4 Has Gerry prepared speech 5 mountains those are 6 Am lone 7 are books 8 bolted stallion 9 Was l2y successful 10 came shriek - - shy
Exercise B Recognizing Inverted Sentence Patterns 1 COMP-S-V 2 V-S 3 COMPshyHV-S-V 4 HV-S-V-COMP 5 COMP-S-V 6 V-S-COMP 7 V-S 8 V- S 9 V-S-COMP 10 V-S
~ pages 36-38
Exercise A Diagraming Subjects Verbs Modifiers and Conjunctions
1
wild flowers
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagrams
1
2 (you) move
3 Here
answer Is
Exercise A Diagraming Sentences with Conjunctions
1 was assassinated
2
Exercise B More Work with Diagraming
1 Sandy
Dennis
2
met
3
7
L
Exercise A Diagraming Complements
Immunity
2
declared
Exercise B More Work with Complements
1
~ page39
Exercise A Identifying Adjective Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 in the lab (Everyone) on page 30 (experiment) 2 at the end (house) of the street (end) 3 in the fence (gate) around the estate (fence) 4 for the new committee (plans) 5 from France (students) in our neighborhood (family)
Exercise B Identifying Adverb Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) L from one foot (shifted) to the other (shifted) 2 Without any hesitation (stepped) to the microshyphone (stepped) 3 to the launch pad (close) 4 After the game (stopped) at the diner (stopped) 5 for a glimpse (eager)
~ page40
Exercise A Identifying Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases (Renamed words are given in parentheses) L July 14 (Bastille Day) 2 Juan Linda (person) 3 tunafish with lettuce and cheese (lunch) 4 a moist fertile spot in the desert (oasis) 5 her faithful clerk (Jenkins) 6 all (We) 7 Phyllis Len (captains) 8 a young couple from Paris (neighbors) 9 Arsenic and Old Lace (comedy) 10 Pete Sue Judy (them)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Apposishytives and Appositive Phrases 1 The explorshyers Lewis and Clark opened the Northwest Terrishytory 2 Delaware has only three counties Kent Sussex and New Castle 3 My cousin lives in Austin the capital of Texas 4 A local reporter Annette Jackson broke the story 5 Both finalshyists Logan and Bruce are fine competitors
] pages 41-43
Exercise A Identifying Participles (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 broken (finshyger) past 2 crying (baby) present 3 stirring (speech) present 4 injured (bird) past 5 frozen (dessert) past 6 acting (chairman) present 7 drowning (man) present 8 building (permit) present 9 broken (promshyise) past to revised (proposal) past
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Verbs and Participles 1 verb 2 participle 3 participle 4 verb 5 participle 6 verb 7 verb 8 participle 9 participle to verb
Exercise A Recognizing Participial Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 visiting the Jacksons (family) 2 signed by Napoleon (letter) 3 Feeling uneasy (baby-sitter) 4 sold at the farm store (pie) 5 Bought by an eccentric millionaire (car) 6 standing outside the library (Mike) 7 having a pet (Anyone) 8 Confused by the directions (contestant) 9 hanging from the ceiling (plant) 10 lost in the department store (child)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Particishypial Phrases 1 The person looking in the window is our neighbor 2 The storm coming from the west is bringing precipitation 3 Early sketches made by that painter have become valushyable 4 The wallet found on the street had no identification in it 5 We enjoyed all the food served at the party
8
Exercise A Recognizing Nominative Absoshylutes 1 The band continuing to play 2 Hours having passed without any word 3 The patient recovering nicely 4 her right hand broken 5 their best players injured 6 Their chores completed 7 The train having broken down 8 The buffet table looking so tempting 9 Their argument resolved 10 The air conditioning not working
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Nominashytive Absolutes Answers will vary samples are given 1 A parade scheduled for tomorrow the police 2 Our decorations complete the room 3 Her sweater at home Lucy 4 for Kenny his being broken 5 The apshyplause having subsided the speaker
~ pages 44-45
Exercise A Recognizing Gerunds 1 Fishing S 2 coloring DO 3 flying OP 4 Losing S 5 cheating OP 6 bowling APP 7 Pruning S 8 skiing APP 9 training 10 10 drawing OP
Exercise B Recognizing Verbs Participles and Gerunds 1 G 2 G 3 P 4 V 5 V 6 G 7 P 8 V 9 G 10 P
Exercise A Recognizing Gerund Phrases 1 learning French DO 2 counting to ten PN 3 Training long hours S 4 changing her mind about the color for the walls DO 5 Working for the mayors re-election S 6 our working so hard DO 7 entering the house OP 8 choosing a good topic PN 9 finding the buried treasure OP 10 practicing hard OP
Exercise B Writing Nouns and Pronouns Beshyfore Gerunds 1 their 2 Suzis 3 our 4 His 5 My 6 Her 7 Their 8 his 9 Kens 10 Your
] pages 46-47
Exercise A Identifying Inftnitives 1 to acshycept adv 2 to work adj 3 to learn adv 4 to succeed adv 5 to try adv 6 to fly n 7 to watch adj 8 to rule adj 9 to listen n 10 to play n
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Preposishytional Phrases and Inftnitlves 1 fNF 2 PP 3 PP 4 INF 5 PP 6 INF 7 INF 8 PP 9 PP 10 lNF
Exercise A Recognizing Inftnitlve Phrases 1 to take seriously adj 2 to work harder adj
3 all entries to bemailedbyThursdayn4to try on their new uniforms adv 5 Mindy to aushydition for the part n 6 to wait till dinnertime n 7 to spend the night adj 8 to find that game adj 9 to sell some of these tickets n 10 her to apply for the job n
Exercise B More Work with Inftnitlve Phrases 1 that team (to) win the World Series 2 to show us an alternate route 3 him W Qy that concerto before 4 the pitcher W practice before the game 5 our cousins to ~ for the weekend 6 (to) disagree with the President in public 7 you (to) stay for dinner 8 (to) bring an inexpensive humorous gift 9 her to run again 10 s (to) take a break from raking these leaves
em pages 48-50
Exercise A Diagraming Prepositional Phrases 1
you
2 doll
Exercise B Diagraming Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases
1 Doug
Connie (worker)
9
Exercise A Diagraming Participial Phrases and Nominative Absolutes
1 We approached
2 spirits
confident
we entered contest
Exercise B Diagraming Gerunds and Gerund Phrases
1
We were disturbed
2 Whittling
became
Exercise A Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Nouns
1
threetened
2 Logan
- C3t build
you
Exercise 8 Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Adjectives and Adverbs
1
lt o follow
2
CIJ page 51
Exercise A Recognizing Adjective Clauses (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 where John F Kennedy was born (house) 2 that I cant identify (spice) 3 for whom I left the message (one) 4 whose mother is the disshytrict attorney (one) 5 that cherishes football (state) 6 who inspired me to study chemistry (teacher) 7 I have known since kindergarten (someone) 8 whose work was once ignored (poet) 9 Dad will surely like (something) 10 in which I keep my change (box)
Exercise 8 Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 where adv 2 that DO 3 whom OP 4 whose adj 5 that S 6 who S 7 (that) DO 8 whose adj 9 (that) DO to which OP
~ page52
Exercise A Identifying Adverb Clauses (Subordinating conjunctions are underlined rather than circled) 1 if we are home by eleven 2 where it would get the most sun 3 whenever he has time 4 After the butter has melted 5 if you ask her -shy
10
Exercise B Identifying Elliptical Clauses 1 While sick elliptical 2 than the one before elliptical 3 as Ben elliptical 4 as the clerk had promised 5 than jogging elliptical
J page53
Exercise A Identifying Noun Clauses 1 That we arrived just then S 2 when the last bus leaves DO 3 whoever wins 10 4 That she was sick S 5 which house has more space PN 6 that you enter the contest again DO 7 whatever became of Jane OP 8 whomever you see 10 9 What Carol reshyported S 10 whether he should work or go fishing PN
Exercise B Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 That NONE 2 when ADV 3 whoever S 4 That NONE 5 which ADJ 6 that NONE 7 whatever S 8 whomever DO 9 What DO 10 whether NONE
~ pages 54-55
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Simple and Compound Sentences I compound 2 simple 3 simple 4 compound 5 compound 6 simple 7 compound 8 simple 9 compound 10 simple
Exercise B Identifying the Structure of Senshytences I 3 2 1 3 2 4 2 5 1 6 4 7 1 8 3 9 I 10 4
Exercise A Identifying the Function of Senshytences I imperative 2 interrogative 3 interrogative 4 declarative 5 imperative 6 exclamatory 7 imperative 8 declarative 9 declarative 10 interrogative
Exercise B Choosing the Correct End Mark by Function I (0 2 () 3 (1) 4 () 5 () 6 () 7 (I) 8 () 9 () 10 ()
] pages 56-58
Exercise A Diagraming Compound Sentences 1
(you) Tie
I or _ I
may fallswing I I
Mike advertised I I IL but __
no one
I I
applied
~ It
Exercise B Diagraming Compound Elements and Compound Sentences 1
Maureen
2 (you)
I I
IL for __
Watch
I I
sidewalk maybe slippery
Exercise A Diagraming Adjective and Adshyverb Clauses 1
you should write
you gift
2 Edna
she
11
someone
Exercise A Diagraming Compound-Complex Sentences
1
unloaded car I I I I and _-
I I
led
1 1
1
$I
$1 I
I
found campsite
us
2 she took
lil
I sect Julie went L_b~~
6 Chtcago
she will fly
~ Los Angeles
I
I butL __ It Inaccurate
I I
do know l
[D pages 59-60
Exercise A Identifying Sentence Fragments bull 1 fragment 2 fragment 3 sentence ~ 4 fragment 5 fragment 6 sentence 7 fragment 8 fragment 9 fragment 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Sentence Fragments Answers will vary samples are given 1 It can be a mistake to believe everything you hear 2 What can we buy a person who has everyshything 4 The woman on the speakers platform will nominate the presidential candidate 5 Pete plays the piano with enthusiasm and enshyergy 7 Heaping platters and bowls of delicashycies filled the buffet table 8 That ballerina gave one of the most exciting performances I have ever seen 9 Driving along the Pacific Coast was a thrilling experience
Exercise A Identifying Run-ons 1 sentence 2 run-on 3 run-on 4 run-on 5 sentence 6 run-on 7 run-on 8 run-on 9 run-on 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Run-ons Methods of correcting will vary samples are given 2 The beach is pleasant during the week but it is crowded on weekends 3 The play was excelshylent although the cast was only mediocre 4 Jason my brother wants to become a teacher
12
6 Youll love that book because its a mystery 7 Ben applied for a variety of jobs but everyone said he was over qualified 8 Although in genshyeral I hate exercise swimming is one thing I do enjoy 9 When Juliette fell off the swing she broke her wrist
J pages 61-63
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 with a cry of dismay 2 a dozen times 4 with deep emotion in his voice 5 with squeals of delight 7 from the upstairs window 8 in the thrift shop 9 in the princishypals office to with a secret compartment
Exercise B Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Flying low over the treetops 2 Shucking oysters at Caros Clam Bar 4 Clearing the bar at seventeen feet 5 practicing last week 6 motoring through Vermont 7 Cheered by a taste of success 9 Peering through the keyhole to Arriving at the theater an hour late
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 at 800 PM 2 with a duck in his mouth 3 using his high-speed camera 4 in an angry voice 5 Cheering wildly 6 in the middle of our trip 7 with small bones in them 8 strolling around the village green 9 with a jelly jar to on the enclosed postcard
Exercise B Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Tonight at 800 PM WClV presents 2 With a duck in his mouth the retriever swam 3 Using his high-speed camera Dad 4 In an angry voice the customer demanded 5 Cheering wildly the fans greeted the home team 6 Mom remembered in the middle of our trip that she had not 7 Please dont give scraps with small bones in them 8 Strolling around the village green we saw 9 With a jelly jar David waited patiently for to Let us know on the enclosed postcard
Exercise A Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Strolling through the narrow streets 2 Searching for the missing contract 3 Doing my homework 4 Before parking in that lot 5 while watching the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail 7 approaching the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas 9 Entering the dinshying room 10 Born into an immigrant family
Exercise B Correcting Dangling Modifiers Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Strolling through the narrow streets we found
the native quarter picturesque 2 Searching for the missing contract the author turned the whole house upside down 3 Doing my homework I found the radio next door distracting 4 Before parking in that lot a person must purchase a sticker 5 His wallet was stolen while he watched the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail the sheriff thought the case was closed 7 Vegetation became sparse as we approached the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas the Gants discovered oil 9 Entering the dining room we exclaimed at how appetizing the roast turkey looked to Born into an immigrant family the young woman thought the White House was an imposshysible goal for her
] pages 64-65
Exercise A Recognizing Parallel Ideas 1 cooking sewing painting 2 by eating less by exercising more 3 for originality for aptness of expression 4 brief colorful 5 to be true to himself to value his friends to keep his own counsel 6 groceries childrens clothing preshyscription drugs 7 c~tting costs increasing proshyductivity improving distribution 8 taking careshyful notes reviewing the material daily 9 who could have committed so bizarre a crime what the motive might have been 10 imaginative pashytient sympathetic
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Corred and Faulty Parallelism 1 F 2 C 3 F 4 C 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F to C
Exercise A Identifying Faulty Parallelism Exact portions underlined may vary within reashyson samples are given 1 for being colorless that he was overly cautious 2 cooking to clean up afterward 3 who will help in the stock room to make deliveries 4 Reading the book to write a report on it 5 played with great feelshying occasionally hitting some sour notes 6 hiking to camp out 7 by cutting costs sell more widgets 8 receiving letters to write them 9 typing filing to do simple bookkeeping 10 on flying to take a train
Exercise B Correcting Faulty Parallelism Corrections will vary samples are given 1 for being colorless and overly cautious 2 likes cooking but dislikes cleaning up afterward 3 someone who will work in the stock room and make deliveries 4 Reading the book was fun but writing a report on it was hard 5 played with great feeling but occasionally hit some sour notes 6 liked hiking and campshy
13
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
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Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
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4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
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Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
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3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
L
Exercise A Diagraming Complements
Immunity
2
declared
Exercise B More Work with Complements
1
~ page39
Exercise A Identifying Adjective Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 in the lab (Everyone) on page 30 (experiment) 2 at the end (house) of the street (end) 3 in the fence (gate) around the estate (fence) 4 for the new committee (plans) 5 from France (students) in our neighborhood (family)
Exercise B Identifying Adverb Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) L from one foot (shifted) to the other (shifted) 2 Without any hesitation (stepped) to the microshyphone (stepped) 3 to the launch pad (close) 4 After the game (stopped) at the diner (stopped) 5 for a glimpse (eager)
~ page40
Exercise A Identifying Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases (Renamed words are given in parentheses) L July 14 (Bastille Day) 2 Juan Linda (person) 3 tunafish with lettuce and cheese (lunch) 4 a moist fertile spot in the desert (oasis) 5 her faithful clerk (Jenkins) 6 all (We) 7 Phyllis Len (captains) 8 a young couple from Paris (neighbors) 9 Arsenic and Old Lace (comedy) 10 Pete Sue Judy (them)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Apposishytives and Appositive Phrases 1 The explorshyers Lewis and Clark opened the Northwest Terrishytory 2 Delaware has only three counties Kent Sussex and New Castle 3 My cousin lives in Austin the capital of Texas 4 A local reporter Annette Jackson broke the story 5 Both finalshyists Logan and Bruce are fine competitors
] pages 41-43
Exercise A Identifying Participles (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 broken (finshyger) past 2 crying (baby) present 3 stirring (speech) present 4 injured (bird) past 5 frozen (dessert) past 6 acting (chairman) present 7 drowning (man) present 8 building (permit) present 9 broken (promshyise) past to revised (proposal) past
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Verbs and Participles 1 verb 2 participle 3 participle 4 verb 5 participle 6 verb 7 verb 8 participle 9 participle to verb
Exercise A Recognizing Participial Phrases (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 visiting the Jacksons (family) 2 signed by Napoleon (letter) 3 Feeling uneasy (baby-sitter) 4 sold at the farm store (pie) 5 Bought by an eccentric millionaire (car) 6 standing outside the library (Mike) 7 having a pet (Anyone) 8 Confused by the directions (contestant) 9 hanging from the ceiling (plant) 10 lost in the department store (child)
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Particishypial Phrases 1 The person looking in the window is our neighbor 2 The storm coming from the west is bringing precipitation 3 Early sketches made by that painter have become valushyable 4 The wallet found on the street had no identification in it 5 We enjoyed all the food served at the party
8
Exercise A Recognizing Nominative Absoshylutes 1 The band continuing to play 2 Hours having passed without any word 3 The patient recovering nicely 4 her right hand broken 5 their best players injured 6 Their chores completed 7 The train having broken down 8 The buffet table looking so tempting 9 Their argument resolved 10 The air conditioning not working
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Nominashytive Absolutes Answers will vary samples are given 1 A parade scheduled for tomorrow the police 2 Our decorations complete the room 3 Her sweater at home Lucy 4 for Kenny his being broken 5 The apshyplause having subsided the speaker
~ pages 44-45
Exercise A Recognizing Gerunds 1 Fishing S 2 coloring DO 3 flying OP 4 Losing S 5 cheating OP 6 bowling APP 7 Pruning S 8 skiing APP 9 training 10 10 drawing OP
Exercise B Recognizing Verbs Participles and Gerunds 1 G 2 G 3 P 4 V 5 V 6 G 7 P 8 V 9 G 10 P
Exercise A Recognizing Gerund Phrases 1 learning French DO 2 counting to ten PN 3 Training long hours S 4 changing her mind about the color for the walls DO 5 Working for the mayors re-election S 6 our working so hard DO 7 entering the house OP 8 choosing a good topic PN 9 finding the buried treasure OP 10 practicing hard OP
Exercise B Writing Nouns and Pronouns Beshyfore Gerunds 1 their 2 Suzis 3 our 4 His 5 My 6 Her 7 Their 8 his 9 Kens 10 Your
] pages 46-47
Exercise A Identifying Inftnitives 1 to acshycept adv 2 to work adj 3 to learn adv 4 to succeed adv 5 to try adv 6 to fly n 7 to watch adj 8 to rule adj 9 to listen n 10 to play n
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Preposishytional Phrases and Inftnitlves 1 fNF 2 PP 3 PP 4 INF 5 PP 6 INF 7 INF 8 PP 9 PP 10 lNF
Exercise A Recognizing Inftnitlve Phrases 1 to take seriously adj 2 to work harder adj
3 all entries to bemailedbyThursdayn4to try on their new uniforms adv 5 Mindy to aushydition for the part n 6 to wait till dinnertime n 7 to spend the night adj 8 to find that game adj 9 to sell some of these tickets n 10 her to apply for the job n
Exercise B More Work with Inftnitlve Phrases 1 that team (to) win the World Series 2 to show us an alternate route 3 him W Qy that concerto before 4 the pitcher W practice before the game 5 our cousins to ~ for the weekend 6 (to) disagree with the President in public 7 you (to) stay for dinner 8 (to) bring an inexpensive humorous gift 9 her to run again 10 s (to) take a break from raking these leaves
em pages 48-50
Exercise A Diagraming Prepositional Phrases 1
you
2 doll
Exercise B Diagraming Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases
1 Doug
Connie (worker)
9
Exercise A Diagraming Participial Phrases and Nominative Absolutes
1 We approached
2 spirits
confident
we entered contest
Exercise B Diagraming Gerunds and Gerund Phrases
1
We were disturbed
2 Whittling
became
Exercise A Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Nouns
1
threetened
2 Logan
- C3t build
you
Exercise 8 Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Adjectives and Adverbs
1
lt o follow
2
CIJ page 51
Exercise A Recognizing Adjective Clauses (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 where John F Kennedy was born (house) 2 that I cant identify (spice) 3 for whom I left the message (one) 4 whose mother is the disshytrict attorney (one) 5 that cherishes football (state) 6 who inspired me to study chemistry (teacher) 7 I have known since kindergarten (someone) 8 whose work was once ignored (poet) 9 Dad will surely like (something) 10 in which I keep my change (box)
Exercise 8 Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 where adv 2 that DO 3 whom OP 4 whose adj 5 that S 6 who S 7 (that) DO 8 whose adj 9 (that) DO to which OP
~ page52
Exercise A Identifying Adverb Clauses (Subordinating conjunctions are underlined rather than circled) 1 if we are home by eleven 2 where it would get the most sun 3 whenever he has time 4 After the butter has melted 5 if you ask her -shy
10
Exercise B Identifying Elliptical Clauses 1 While sick elliptical 2 than the one before elliptical 3 as Ben elliptical 4 as the clerk had promised 5 than jogging elliptical
J page53
Exercise A Identifying Noun Clauses 1 That we arrived just then S 2 when the last bus leaves DO 3 whoever wins 10 4 That she was sick S 5 which house has more space PN 6 that you enter the contest again DO 7 whatever became of Jane OP 8 whomever you see 10 9 What Carol reshyported S 10 whether he should work or go fishing PN
Exercise B Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 That NONE 2 when ADV 3 whoever S 4 That NONE 5 which ADJ 6 that NONE 7 whatever S 8 whomever DO 9 What DO 10 whether NONE
~ pages 54-55
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Simple and Compound Sentences I compound 2 simple 3 simple 4 compound 5 compound 6 simple 7 compound 8 simple 9 compound 10 simple
Exercise B Identifying the Structure of Senshytences I 3 2 1 3 2 4 2 5 1 6 4 7 1 8 3 9 I 10 4
Exercise A Identifying the Function of Senshytences I imperative 2 interrogative 3 interrogative 4 declarative 5 imperative 6 exclamatory 7 imperative 8 declarative 9 declarative 10 interrogative
Exercise B Choosing the Correct End Mark by Function I (0 2 () 3 (1) 4 () 5 () 6 () 7 (I) 8 () 9 () 10 ()
] pages 56-58
Exercise A Diagraming Compound Sentences 1
(you) Tie
I or _ I
may fallswing I I
Mike advertised I I IL but __
no one
I I
applied
~ It
Exercise B Diagraming Compound Elements and Compound Sentences 1
Maureen
2 (you)
I I
IL for __
Watch
I I
sidewalk maybe slippery
Exercise A Diagraming Adjective and Adshyverb Clauses 1
you should write
you gift
2 Edna
she
11
someone
Exercise A Diagraming Compound-Complex Sentences
1
unloaded car I I I I and _-
I I
led
1 1
1
$I
$1 I
I
found campsite
us
2 she took
lil
I sect Julie went L_b~~
6 Chtcago
she will fly
~ Los Angeles
I
I butL __ It Inaccurate
I I
do know l
[D pages 59-60
Exercise A Identifying Sentence Fragments bull 1 fragment 2 fragment 3 sentence ~ 4 fragment 5 fragment 6 sentence 7 fragment 8 fragment 9 fragment 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Sentence Fragments Answers will vary samples are given 1 It can be a mistake to believe everything you hear 2 What can we buy a person who has everyshything 4 The woman on the speakers platform will nominate the presidential candidate 5 Pete plays the piano with enthusiasm and enshyergy 7 Heaping platters and bowls of delicashycies filled the buffet table 8 That ballerina gave one of the most exciting performances I have ever seen 9 Driving along the Pacific Coast was a thrilling experience
Exercise A Identifying Run-ons 1 sentence 2 run-on 3 run-on 4 run-on 5 sentence 6 run-on 7 run-on 8 run-on 9 run-on 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Run-ons Methods of correcting will vary samples are given 2 The beach is pleasant during the week but it is crowded on weekends 3 The play was excelshylent although the cast was only mediocre 4 Jason my brother wants to become a teacher
12
6 Youll love that book because its a mystery 7 Ben applied for a variety of jobs but everyone said he was over qualified 8 Although in genshyeral I hate exercise swimming is one thing I do enjoy 9 When Juliette fell off the swing she broke her wrist
J pages 61-63
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 with a cry of dismay 2 a dozen times 4 with deep emotion in his voice 5 with squeals of delight 7 from the upstairs window 8 in the thrift shop 9 in the princishypals office to with a secret compartment
Exercise B Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Flying low over the treetops 2 Shucking oysters at Caros Clam Bar 4 Clearing the bar at seventeen feet 5 practicing last week 6 motoring through Vermont 7 Cheered by a taste of success 9 Peering through the keyhole to Arriving at the theater an hour late
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 at 800 PM 2 with a duck in his mouth 3 using his high-speed camera 4 in an angry voice 5 Cheering wildly 6 in the middle of our trip 7 with small bones in them 8 strolling around the village green 9 with a jelly jar to on the enclosed postcard
Exercise B Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Tonight at 800 PM WClV presents 2 With a duck in his mouth the retriever swam 3 Using his high-speed camera Dad 4 In an angry voice the customer demanded 5 Cheering wildly the fans greeted the home team 6 Mom remembered in the middle of our trip that she had not 7 Please dont give scraps with small bones in them 8 Strolling around the village green we saw 9 With a jelly jar David waited patiently for to Let us know on the enclosed postcard
Exercise A Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Strolling through the narrow streets 2 Searching for the missing contract 3 Doing my homework 4 Before parking in that lot 5 while watching the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail 7 approaching the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas 9 Entering the dinshying room 10 Born into an immigrant family
Exercise B Correcting Dangling Modifiers Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Strolling through the narrow streets we found
the native quarter picturesque 2 Searching for the missing contract the author turned the whole house upside down 3 Doing my homework I found the radio next door distracting 4 Before parking in that lot a person must purchase a sticker 5 His wallet was stolen while he watched the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail the sheriff thought the case was closed 7 Vegetation became sparse as we approached the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas the Gants discovered oil 9 Entering the dining room we exclaimed at how appetizing the roast turkey looked to Born into an immigrant family the young woman thought the White House was an imposshysible goal for her
] pages 64-65
Exercise A Recognizing Parallel Ideas 1 cooking sewing painting 2 by eating less by exercising more 3 for originality for aptness of expression 4 brief colorful 5 to be true to himself to value his friends to keep his own counsel 6 groceries childrens clothing preshyscription drugs 7 c~tting costs increasing proshyductivity improving distribution 8 taking careshyful notes reviewing the material daily 9 who could have committed so bizarre a crime what the motive might have been 10 imaginative pashytient sympathetic
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Corred and Faulty Parallelism 1 F 2 C 3 F 4 C 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F to C
Exercise A Identifying Faulty Parallelism Exact portions underlined may vary within reashyson samples are given 1 for being colorless that he was overly cautious 2 cooking to clean up afterward 3 who will help in the stock room to make deliveries 4 Reading the book to write a report on it 5 played with great feelshying occasionally hitting some sour notes 6 hiking to camp out 7 by cutting costs sell more widgets 8 receiving letters to write them 9 typing filing to do simple bookkeeping 10 on flying to take a train
Exercise B Correcting Faulty Parallelism Corrections will vary samples are given 1 for being colorless and overly cautious 2 likes cooking but dislikes cleaning up afterward 3 someone who will work in the stock room and make deliveries 4 Reading the book was fun but writing a report on it was hard 5 played with great feeling but occasionally hit some sour notes 6 liked hiking and campshy
13
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
14
Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
15
4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
Exercise A Recognizing Nominative Absoshylutes 1 The band continuing to play 2 Hours having passed without any word 3 The patient recovering nicely 4 her right hand broken 5 their best players injured 6 Their chores completed 7 The train having broken down 8 The buffet table looking so tempting 9 Their argument resolved 10 The air conditioning not working
Exercise B Writing Sentences with Nominashytive Absolutes Answers will vary samples are given 1 A parade scheduled for tomorrow the police 2 Our decorations complete the room 3 Her sweater at home Lucy 4 for Kenny his being broken 5 The apshyplause having subsided the speaker
~ pages 44-45
Exercise A Recognizing Gerunds 1 Fishing S 2 coloring DO 3 flying OP 4 Losing S 5 cheating OP 6 bowling APP 7 Pruning S 8 skiing APP 9 training 10 10 drawing OP
Exercise B Recognizing Verbs Participles and Gerunds 1 G 2 G 3 P 4 V 5 V 6 G 7 P 8 V 9 G 10 P
Exercise A Recognizing Gerund Phrases 1 learning French DO 2 counting to ten PN 3 Training long hours S 4 changing her mind about the color for the walls DO 5 Working for the mayors re-election S 6 our working so hard DO 7 entering the house OP 8 choosing a good topic PN 9 finding the buried treasure OP 10 practicing hard OP
Exercise B Writing Nouns and Pronouns Beshyfore Gerunds 1 their 2 Suzis 3 our 4 His 5 My 6 Her 7 Their 8 his 9 Kens 10 Your
] pages 46-47
Exercise A Identifying Inftnitives 1 to acshycept adv 2 to work adj 3 to learn adv 4 to succeed adv 5 to try adv 6 to fly n 7 to watch adj 8 to rule adj 9 to listen n 10 to play n
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Preposishytional Phrases and Inftnitlves 1 fNF 2 PP 3 PP 4 INF 5 PP 6 INF 7 INF 8 PP 9 PP 10 lNF
Exercise A Recognizing Inftnitlve Phrases 1 to take seriously adj 2 to work harder adj
3 all entries to bemailedbyThursdayn4to try on their new uniforms adv 5 Mindy to aushydition for the part n 6 to wait till dinnertime n 7 to spend the night adj 8 to find that game adj 9 to sell some of these tickets n 10 her to apply for the job n
Exercise B More Work with Inftnitlve Phrases 1 that team (to) win the World Series 2 to show us an alternate route 3 him W Qy that concerto before 4 the pitcher W practice before the game 5 our cousins to ~ for the weekend 6 (to) disagree with the President in public 7 you (to) stay for dinner 8 (to) bring an inexpensive humorous gift 9 her to run again 10 s (to) take a break from raking these leaves
em pages 48-50
Exercise A Diagraming Prepositional Phrases 1
you
2 doll
Exercise B Diagraming Appositives and Apshypositive Phrases
1 Doug
Connie (worker)
9
Exercise A Diagraming Participial Phrases and Nominative Absolutes
1 We approached
2 spirits
confident
we entered contest
Exercise B Diagraming Gerunds and Gerund Phrases
1
We were disturbed
2 Whittling
became
Exercise A Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Nouns
1
threetened
2 Logan
- C3t build
you
Exercise 8 Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Adjectives and Adverbs
1
lt o follow
2
CIJ page 51
Exercise A Recognizing Adjective Clauses (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 where John F Kennedy was born (house) 2 that I cant identify (spice) 3 for whom I left the message (one) 4 whose mother is the disshytrict attorney (one) 5 that cherishes football (state) 6 who inspired me to study chemistry (teacher) 7 I have known since kindergarten (someone) 8 whose work was once ignored (poet) 9 Dad will surely like (something) 10 in which I keep my change (box)
Exercise 8 Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 where adv 2 that DO 3 whom OP 4 whose adj 5 that S 6 who S 7 (that) DO 8 whose adj 9 (that) DO to which OP
~ page52
Exercise A Identifying Adverb Clauses (Subordinating conjunctions are underlined rather than circled) 1 if we are home by eleven 2 where it would get the most sun 3 whenever he has time 4 After the butter has melted 5 if you ask her -shy
10
Exercise B Identifying Elliptical Clauses 1 While sick elliptical 2 than the one before elliptical 3 as Ben elliptical 4 as the clerk had promised 5 than jogging elliptical
J page53
Exercise A Identifying Noun Clauses 1 That we arrived just then S 2 when the last bus leaves DO 3 whoever wins 10 4 That she was sick S 5 which house has more space PN 6 that you enter the contest again DO 7 whatever became of Jane OP 8 whomever you see 10 9 What Carol reshyported S 10 whether he should work or go fishing PN
Exercise B Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 That NONE 2 when ADV 3 whoever S 4 That NONE 5 which ADJ 6 that NONE 7 whatever S 8 whomever DO 9 What DO 10 whether NONE
~ pages 54-55
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Simple and Compound Sentences I compound 2 simple 3 simple 4 compound 5 compound 6 simple 7 compound 8 simple 9 compound 10 simple
Exercise B Identifying the Structure of Senshytences I 3 2 1 3 2 4 2 5 1 6 4 7 1 8 3 9 I 10 4
Exercise A Identifying the Function of Senshytences I imperative 2 interrogative 3 interrogative 4 declarative 5 imperative 6 exclamatory 7 imperative 8 declarative 9 declarative 10 interrogative
Exercise B Choosing the Correct End Mark by Function I (0 2 () 3 (1) 4 () 5 () 6 () 7 (I) 8 () 9 () 10 ()
] pages 56-58
Exercise A Diagraming Compound Sentences 1
(you) Tie
I or _ I
may fallswing I I
Mike advertised I I IL but __
no one
I I
applied
~ It
Exercise B Diagraming Compound Elements and Compound Sentences 1
Maureen
2 (you)
I I
IL for __
Watch
I I
sidewalk maybe slippery
Exercise A Diagraming Adjective and Adshyverb Clauses 1
you should write
you gift
2 Edna
she
11
someone
Exercise A Diagraming Compound-Complex Sentences
1
unloaded car I I I I and _-
I I
led
1 1
1
$I
$1 I
I
found campsite
us
2 she took
lil
I sect Julie went L_b~~
6 Chtcago
she will fly
~ Los Angeles
I
I butL __ It Inaccurate
I I
do know l
[D pages 59-60
Exercise A Identifying Sentence Fragments bull 1 fragment 2 fragment 3 sentence ~ 4 fragment 5 fragment 6 sentence 7 fragment 8 fragment 9 fragment 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Sentence Fragments Answers will vary samples are given 1 It can be a mistake to believe everything you hear 2 What can we buy a person who has everyshything 4 The woman on the speakers platform will nominate the presidential candidate 5 Pete plays the piano with enthusiasm and enshyergy 7 Heaping platters and bowls of delicashycies filled the buffet table 8 That ballerina gave one of the most exciting performances I have ever seen 9 Driving along the Pacific Coast was a thrilling experience
Exercise A Identifying Run-ons 1 sentence 2 run-on 3 run-on 4 run-on 5 sentence 6 run-on 7 run-on 8 run-on 9 run-on 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Run-ons Methods of correcting will vary samples are given 2 The beach is pleasant during the week but it is crowded on weekends 3 The play was excelshylent although the cast was only mediocre 4 Jason my brother wants to become a teacher
12
6 Youll love that book because its a mystery 7 Ben applied for a variety of jobs but everyone said he was over qualified 8 Although in genshyeral I hate exercise swimming is one thing I do enjoy 9 When Juliette fell off the swing she broke her wrist
J pages 61-63
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 with a cry of dismay 2 a dozen times 4 with deep emotion in his voice 5 with squeals of delight 7 from the upstairs window 8 in the thrift shop 9 in the princishypals office to with a secret compartment
Exercise B Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Flying low over the treetops 2 Shucking oysters at Caros Clam Bar 4 Clearing the bar at seventeen feet 5 practicing last week 6 motoring through Vermont 7 Cheered by a taste of success 9 Peering through the keyhole to Arriving at the theater an hour late
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 at 800 PM 2 with a duck in his mouth 3 using his high-speed camera 4 in an angry voice 5 Cheering wildly 6 in the middle of our trip 7 with small bones in them 8 strolling around the village green 9 with a jelly jar to on the enclosed postcard
Exercise B Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Tonight at 800 PM WClV presents 2 With a duck in his mouth the retriever swam 3 Using his high-speed camera Dad 4 In an angry voice the customer demanded 5 Cheering wildly the fans greeted the home team 6 Mom remembered in the middle of our trip that she had not 7 Please dont give scraps with small bones in them 8 Strolling around the village green we saw 9 With a jelly jar David waited patiently for to Let us know on the enclosed postcard
Exercise A Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Strolling through the narrow streets 2 Searching for the missing contract 3 Doing my homework 4 Before parking in that lot 5 while watching the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail 7 approaching the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas 9 Entering the dinshying room 10 Born into an immigrant family
Exercise B Correcting Dangling Modifiers Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Strolling through the narrow streets we found
the native quarter picturesque 2 Searching for the missing contract the author turned the whole house upside down 3 Doing my homework I found the radio next door distracting 4 Before parking in that lot a person must purchase a sticker 5 His wallet was stolen while he watched the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail the sheriff thought the case was closed 7 Vegetation became sparse as we approached the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas the Gants discovered oil 9 Entering the dining room we exclaimed at how appetizing the roast turkey looked to Born into an immigrant family the young woman thought the White House was an imposshysible goal for her
] pages 64-65
Exercise A Recognizing Parallel Ideas 1 cooking sewing painting 2 by eating less by exercising more 3 for originality for aptness of expression 4 brief colorful 5 to be true to himself to value his friends to keep his own counsel 6 groceries childrens clothing preshyscription drugs 7 c~tting costs increasing proshyductivity improving distribution 8 taking careshyful notes reviewing the material daily 9 who could have committed so bizarre a crime what the motive might have been 10 imaginative pashytient sympathetic
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Corred and Faulty Parallelism 1 F 2 C 3 F 4 C 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F to C
Exercise A Identifying Faulty Parallelism Exact portions underlined may vary within reashyson samples are given 1 for being colorless that he was overly cautious 2 cooking to clean up afterward 3 who will help in the stock room to make deliveries 4 Reading the book to write a report on it 5 played with great feelshying occasionally hitting some sour notes 6 hiking to camp out 7 by cutting costs sell more widgets 8 receiving letters to write them 9 typing filing to do simple bookkeeping 10 on flying to take a train
Exercise B Correcting Faulty Parallelism Corrections will vary samples are given 1 for being colorless and overly cautious 2 likes cooking but dislikes cleaning up afterward 3 someone who will work in the stock room and make deliveries 4 Reading the book was fun but writing a report on it was hard 5 played with great feeling but occasionally hit some sour notes 6 liked hiking and campshy
13
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
14
Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
15
4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
Exercise A Diagraming Participial Phrases and Nominative Absolutes
1 We approached
2 spirits
confident
we entered contest
Exercise B Diagraming Gerunds and Gerund Phrases
1
We were disturbed
2 Whittling
became
Exercise A Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Nouns
1
threetened
2 Logan
- C3t build
you
Exercise 8 Diagraming Infinitives and Infishynitive Phrases Used as Adjectives and Adverbs
1
lt o follow
2
CIJ page 51
Exercise A Recognizing Adjective Clauses (Modified words are given in parentheses) 1 where John F Kennedy was born (house) 2 that I cant identify (spice) 3 for whom I left the message (one) 4 whose mother is the disshytrict attorney (one) 5 that cherishes football (state) 6 who inspired me to study chemistry (teacher) 7 I have known since kindergarten (someone) 8 whose work was once ignored (poet) 9 Dad will surely like (something) 10 in which I keep my change (box)
Exercise 8 Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 where adv 2 that DO 3 whom OP 4 whose adj 5 that S 6 who S 7 (that) DO 8 whose adj 9 (that) DO to which OP
~ page52
Exercise A Identifying Adverb Clauses (Subordinating conjunctions are underlined rather than circled) 1 if we are home by eleven 2 where it would get the most sun 3 whenever he has time 4 After the butter has melted 5 if you ask her -shy
10
Exercise B Identifying Elliptical Clauses 1 While sick elliptical 2 than the one before elliptical 3 as Ben elliptical 4 as the clerk had promised 5 than jogging elliptical
J page53
Exercise A Identifying Noun Clauses 1 That we arrived just then S 2 when the last bus leaves DO 3 whoever wins 10 4 That she was sick S 5 which house has more space PN 6 that you enter the contest again DO 7 whatever became of Jane OP 8 whomever you see 10 9 What Carol reshyported S 10 whether he should work or go fishing PN
Exercise B Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 That NONE 2 when ADV 3 whoever S 4 That NONE 5 which ADJ 6 that NONE 7 whatever S 8 whomever DO 9 What DO 10 whether NONE
~ pages 54-55
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Simple and Compound Sentences I compound 2 simple 3 simple 4 compound 5 compound 6 simple 7 compound 8 simple 9 compound 10 simple
Exercise B Identifying the Structure of Senshytences I 3 2 1 3 2 4 2 5 1 6 4 7 1 8 3 9 I 10 4
Exercise A Identifying the Function of Senshytences I imperative 2 interrogative 3 interrogative 4 declarative 5 imperative 6 exclamatory 7 imperative 8 declarative 9 declarative 10 interrogative
Exercise B Choosing the Correct End Mark by Function I (0 2 () 3 (1) 4 () 5 () 6 () 7 (I) 8 () 9 () 10 ()
] pages 56-58
Exercise A Diagraming Compound Sentences 1
(you) Tie
I or _ I
may fallswing I I
Mike advertised I I IL but __
no one
I I
applied
~ It
Exercise B Diagraming Compound Elements and Compound Sentences 1
Maureen
2 (you)
I I
IL for __
Watch
I I
sidewalk maybe slippery
Exercise A Diagraming Adjective and Adshyverb Clauses 1
you should write
you gift
2 Edna
she
11
someone
Exercise A Diagraming Compound-Complex Sentences
1
unloaded car I I I I and _-
I I
led
1 1
1
$I
$1 I
I
found campsite
us
2 she took
lil
I sect Julie went L_b~~
6 Chtcago
she will fly
~ Los Angeles
I
I butL __ It Inaccurate
I I
do know l
[D pages 59-60
Exercise A Identifying Sentence Fragments bull 1 fragment 2 fragment 3 sentence ~ 4 fragment 5 fragment 6 sentence 7 fragment 8 fragment 9 fragment 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Sentence Fragments Answers will vary samples are given 1 It can be a mistake to believe everything you hear 2 What can we buy a person who has everyshything 4 The woman on the speakers platform will nominate the presidential candidate 5 Pete plays the piano with enthusiasm and enshyergy 7 Heaping platters and bowls of delicashycies filled the buffet table 8 That ballerina gave one of the most exciting performances I have ever seen 9 Driving along the Pacific Coast was a thrilling experience
Exercise A Identifying Run-ons 1 sentence 2 run-on 3 run-on 4 run-on 5 sentence 6 run-on 7 run-on 8 run-on 9 run-on 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Run-ons Methods of correcting will vary samples are given 2 The beach is pleasant during the week but it is crowded on weekends 3 The play was excelshylent although the cast was only mediocre 4 Jason my brother wants to become a teacher
12
6 Youll love that book because its a mystery 7 Ben applied for a variety of jobs but everyone said he was over qualified 8 Although in genshyeral I hate exercise swimming is one thing I do enjoy 9 When Juliette fell off the swing she broke her wrist
J pages 61-63
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 with a cry of dismay 2 a dozen times 4 with deep emotion in his voice 5 with squeals of delight 7 from the upstairs window 8 in the thrift shop 9 in the princishypals office to with a secret compartment
Exercise B Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Flying low over the treetops 2 Shucking oysters at Caros Clam Bar 4 Clearing the bar at seventeen feet 5 practicing last week 6 motoring through Vermont 7 Cheered by a taste of success 9 Peering through the keyhole to Arriving at the theater an hour late
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 at 800 PM 2 with a duck in his mouth 3 using his high-speed camera 4 in an angry voice 5 Cheering wildly 6 in the middle of our trip 7 with small bones in them 8 strolling around the village green 9 with a jelly jar to on the enclosed postcard
Exercise B Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Tonight at 800 PM WClV presents 2 With a duck in his mouth the retriever swam 3 Using his high-speed camera Dad 4 In an angry voice the customer demanded 5 Cheering wildly the fans greeted the home team 6 Mom remembered in the middle of our trip that she had not 7 Please dont give scraps with small bones in them 8 Strolling around the village green we saw 9 With a jelly jar David waited patiently for to Let us know on the enclosed postcard
Exercise A Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Strolling through the narrow streets 2 Searching for the missing contract 3 Doing my homework 4 Before parking in that lot 5 while watching the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail 7 approaching the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas 9 Entering the dinshying room 10 Born into an immigrant family
Exercise B Correcting Dangling Modifiers Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Strolling through the narrow streets we found
the native quarter picturesque 2 Searching for the missing contract the author turned the whole house upside down 3 Doing my homework I found the radio next door distracting 4 Before parking in that lot a person must purchase a sticker 5 His wallet was stolen while he watched the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail the sheriff thought the case was closed 7 Vegetation became sparse as we approached the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas the Gants discovered oil 9 Entering the dining room we exclaimed at how appetizing the roast turkey looked to Born into an immigrant family the young woman thought the White House was an imposshysible goal for her
] pages 64-65
Exercise A Recognizing Parallel Ideas 1 cooking sewing painting 2 by eating less by exercising more 3 for originality for aptness of expression 4 brief colorful 5 to be true to himself to value his friends to keep his own counsel 6 groceries childrens clothing preshyscription drugs 7 c~tting costs increasing proshyductivity improving distribution 8 taking careshyful notes reviewing the material daily 9 who could have committed so bizarre a crime what the motive might have been 10 imaginative pashytient sympathetic
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Corred and Faulty Parallelism 1 F 2 C 3 F 4 C 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F to C
Exercise A Identifying Faulty Parallelism Exact portions underlined may vary within reashyson samples are given 1 for being colorless that he was overly cautious 2 cooking to clean up afterward 3 who will help in the stock room to make deliveries 4 Reading the book to write a report on it 5 played with great feelshying occasionally hitting some sour notes 6 hiking to camp out 7 by cutting costs sell more widgets 8 receiving letters to write them 9 typing filing to do simple bookkeeping 10 on flying to take a train
Exercise B Correcting Faulty Parallelism Corrections will vary samples are given 1 for being colorless and overly cautious 2 likes cooking but dislikes cleaning up afterward 3 someone who will work in the stock room and make deliveries 4 Reading the book was fun but writing a report on it was hard 5 played with great feeling but occasionally hit some sour notes 6 liked hiking and campshy
13
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
14
Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
15
4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
Exercise B Identifying Elliptical Clauses 1 While sick elliptical 2 than the one before elliptical 3 as Ben elliptical 4 as the clerk had promised 5 than jogging elliptical
J page53
Exercise A Identifying Noun Clauses 1 That we arrived just then S 2 when the last bus leaves DO 3 whoever wins 10 4 That she was sick S 5 which house has more space PN 6 that you enter the contest again DO 7 whatever became of Jane OP 8 whomever you see 10 9 What Carol reshyported S 10 whether he should work or go fishing PN
Exercise B Recognizing the Use of Introducshytory Words 1 That NONE 2 when ADV 3 whoever S 4 That NONE 5 which ADJ 6 that NONE 7 whatever S 8 whomever DO 9 What DO 10 whether NONE
~ pages 54-55
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Simple and Compound Sentences I compound 2 simple 3 simple 4 compound 5 compound 6 simple 7 compound 8 simple 9 compound 10 simple
Exercise B Identifying the Structure of Senshytences I 3 2 1 3 2 4 2 5 1 6 4 7 1 8 3 9 I 10 4
Exercise A Identifying the Function of Senshytences I imperative 2 interrogative 3 interrogative 4 declarative 5 imperative 6 exclamatory 7 imperative 8 declarative 9 declarative 10 interrogative
Exercise B Choosing the Correct End Mark by Function I (0 2 () 3 (1) 4 () 5 () 6 () 7 (I) 8 () 9 () 10 ()
] pages 56-58
Exercise A Diagraming Compound Sentences 1
(you) Tie
I or _ I
may fallswing I I
Mike advertised I I IL but __
no one
I I
applied
~ It
Exercise B Diagraming Compound Elements and Compound Sentences 1
Maureen
2 (you)
I I
IL for __
Watch
I I
sidewalk maybe slippery
Exercise A Diagraming Adjective and Adshyverb Clauses 1
you should write
you gift
2 Edna
she
11
someone
Exercise A Diagraming Compound-Complex Sentences
1
unloaded car I I I I and _-
I I
led
1 1
1
$I
$1 I
I
found campsite
us
2 she took
lil
I sect Julie went L_b~~
6 Chtcago
she will fly
~ Los Angeles
I
I butL __ It Inaccurate
I I
do know l
[D pages 59-60
Exercise A Identifying Sentence Fragments bull 1 fragment 2 fragment 3 sentence ~ 4 fragment 5 fragment 6 sentence 7 fragment 8 fragment 9 fragment 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Sentence Fragments Answers will vary samples are given 1 It can be a mistake to believe everything you hear 2 What can we buy a person who has everyshything 4 The woman on the speakers platform will nominate the presidential candidate 5 Pete plays the piano with enthusiasm and enshyergy 7 Heaping platters and bowls of delicashycies filled the buffet table 8 That ballerina gave one of the most exciting performances I have ever seen 9 Driving along the Pacific Coast was a thrilling experience
Exercise A Identifying Run-ons 1 sentence 2 run-on 3 run-on 4 run-on 5 sentence 6 run-on 7 run-on 8 run-on 9 run-on 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Run-ons Methods of correcting will vary samples are given 2 The beach is pleasant during the week but it is crowded on weekends 3 The play was excelshylent although the cast was only mediocre 4 Jason my brother wants to become a teacher
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6 Youll love that book because its a mystery 7 Ben applied for a variety of jobs but everyone said he was over qualified 8 Although in genshyeral I hate exercise swimming is one thing I do enjoy 9 When Juliette fell off the swing she broke her wrist
J pages 61-63
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 with a cry of dismay 2 a dozen times 4 with deep emotion in his voice 5 with squeals of delight 7 from the upstairs window 8 in the thrift shop 9 in the princishypals office to with a secret compartment
Exercise B Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Flying low over the treetops 2 Shucking oysters at Caros Clam Bar 4 Clearing the bar at seventeen feet 5 practicing last week 6 motoring through Vermont 7 Cheered by a taste of success 9 Peering through the keyhole to Arriving at the theater an hour late
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 at 800 PM 2 with a duck in his mouth 3 using his high-speed camera 4 in an angry voice 5 Cheering wildly 6 in the middle of our trip 7 with small bones in them 8 strolling around the village green 9 with a jelly jar to on the enclosed postcard
Exercise B Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Tonight at 800 PM WClV presents 2 With a duck in his mouth the retriever swam 3 Using his high-speed camera Dad 4 In an angry voice the customer demanded 5 Cheering wildly the fans greeted the home team 6 Mom remembered in the middle of our trip that she had not 7 Please dont give scraps with small bones in them 8 Strolling around the village green we saw 9 With a jelly jar David waited patiently for to Let us know on the enclosed postcard
Exercise A Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Strolling through the narrow streets 2 Searching for the missing contract 3 Doing my homework 4 Before parking in that lot 5 while watching the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail 7 approaching the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas 9 Entering the dinshying room 10 Born into an immigrant family
Exercise B Correcting Dangling Modifiers Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Strolling through the narrow streets we found
the native quarter picturesque 2 Searching for the missing contract the author turned the whole house upside down 3 Doing my homework I found the radio next door distracting 4 Before parking in that lot a person must purchase a sticker 5 His wallet was stolen while he watched the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail the sheriff thought the case was closed 7 Vegetation became sparse as we approached the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas the Gants discovered oil 9 Entering the dining room we exclaimed at how appetizing the roast turkey looked to Born into an immigrant family the young woman thought the White House was an imposshysible goal for her
] pages 64-65
Exercise A Recognizing Parallel Ideas 1 cooking sewing painting 2 by eating less by exercising more 3 for originality for aptness of expression 4 brief colorful 5 to be true to himself to value his friends to keep his own counsel 6 groceries childrens clothing preshyscription drugs 7 c~tting costs increasing proshyductivity improving distribution 8 taking careshyful notes reviewing the material daily 9 who could have committed so bizarre a crime what the motive might have been 10 imaginative pashytient sympathetic
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Corred and Faulty Parallelism 1 F 2 C 3 F 4 C 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F to C
Exercise A Identifying Faulty Parallelism Exact portions underlined may vary within reashyson samples are given 1 for being colorless that he was overly cautious 2 cooking to clean up afterward 3 who will help in the stock room to make deliveries 4 Reading the book to write a report on it 5 played with great feelshying occasionally hitting some sour notes 6 hiking to camp out 7 by cutting costs sell more widgets 8 receiving letters to write them 9 typing filing to do simple bookkeeping 10 on flying to take a train
Exercise B Correcting Faulty Parallelism Corrections will vary samples are given 1 for being colorless and overly cautious 2 likes cooking but dislikes cleaning up afterward 3 someone who will work in the stock room and make deliveries 4 Reading the book was fun but writing a report on it was hard 5 played with great feeling but occasionally hit some sour notes 6 liked hiking and campshy
13
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
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Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
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4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
someone
Exercise A Diagraming Compound-Complex Sentences
1
unloaded car I I I I and _-
I I
led
1 1
1
$I
$1 I
I
found campsite
us
2 she took
lil
I sect Julie went L_b~~
6 Chtcago
she will fly
~ Los Angeles
I
I butL __ It Inaccurate
I I
do know l
[D pages 59-60
Exercise A Identifying Sentence Fragments bull 1 fragment 2 fragment 3 sentence ~ 4 fragment 5 fragment 6 sentence 7 fragment 8 fragment 9 fragment 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Sentence Fragments Answers will vary samples are given 1 It can be a mistake to believe everything you hear 2 What can we buy a person who has everyshything 4 The woman on the speakers platform will nominate the presidential candidate 5 Pete plays the piano with enthusiasm and enshyergy 7 Heaping platters and bowls of delicashycies filled the buffet table 8 That ballerina gave one of the most exciting performances I have ever seen 9 Driving along the Pacific Coast was a thrilling experience
Exercise A Identifying Run-ons 1 sentence 2 run-on 3 run-on 4 run-on 5 sentence 6 run-on 7 run-on 8 run-on 9 run-on 10 sentence
Exercise 8 Correcting Run-ons Methods of correcting will vary samples are given 2 The beach is pleasant during the week but it is crowded on weekends 3 The play was excelshylent although the cast was only mediocre 4 Jason my brother wants to become a teacher
12
6 Youll love that book because its a mystery 7 Ben applied for a variety of jobs but everyone said he was over qualified 8 Although in genshyeral I hate exercise swimming is one thing I do enjoy 9 When Juliette fell off the swing she broke her wrist
J pages 61-63
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 with a cry of dismay 2 a dozen times 4 with deep emotion in his voice 5 with squeals of delight 7 from the upstairs window 8 in the thrift shop 9 in the princishypals office to with a secret compartment
Exercise B Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Flying low over the treetops 2 Shucking oysters at Caros Clam Bar 4 Clearing the bar at seventeen feet 5 practicing last week 6 motoring through Vermont 7 Cheered by a taste of success 9 Peering through the keyhole to Arriving at the theater an hour late
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 at 800 PM 2 with a duck in his mouth 3 using his high-speed camera 4 in an angry voice 5 Cheering wildly 6 in the middle of our trip 7 with small bones in them 8 strolling around the village green 9 with a jelly jar to on the enclosed postcard
Exercise B Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Tonight at 800 PM WClV presents 2 With a duck in his mouth the retriever swam 3 Using his high-speed camera Dad 4 In an angry voice the customer demanded 5 Cheering wildly the fans greeted the home team 6 Mom remembered in the middle of our trip that she had not 7 Please dont give scraps with small bones in them 8 Strolling around the village green we saw 9 With a jelly jar David waited patiently for to Let us know on the enclosed postcard
Exercise A Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Strolling through the narrow streets 2 Searching for the missing contract 3 Doing my homework 4 Before parking in that lot 5 while watching the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail 7 approaching the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas 9 Entering the dinshying room 10 Born into an immigrant family
Exercise B Correcting Dangling Modifiers Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Strolling through the narrow streets we found
the native quarter picturesque 2 Searching for the missing contract the author turned the whole house upside down 3 Doing my homework I found the radio next door distracting 4 Before parking in that lot a person must purchase a sticker 5 His wallet was stolen while he watched the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail the sheriff thought the case was closed 7 Vegetation became sparse as we approached the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas the Gants discovered oil 9 Entering the dining room we exclaimed at how appetizing the roast turkey looked to Born into an immigrant family the young woman thought the White House was an imposshysible goal for her
] pages 64-65
Exercise A Recognizing Parallel Ideas 1 cooking sewing painting 2 by eating less by exercising more 3 for originality for aptness of expression 4 brief colorful 5 to be true to himself to value his friends to keep his own counsel 6 groceries childrens clothing preshyscription drugs 7 c~tting costs increasing proshyductivity improving distribution 8 taking careshyful notes reviewing the material daily 9 who could have committed so bizarre a crime what the motive might have been 10 imaginative pashytient sympathetic
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Corred and Faulty Parallelism 1 F 2 C 3 F 4 C 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F to C
Exercise A Identifying Faulty Parallelism Exact portions underlined may vary within reashyson samples are given 1 for being colorless that he was overly cautious 2 cooking to clean up afterward 3 who will help in the stock room to make deliveries 4 Reading the book to write a report on it 5 played with great feelshying occasionally hitting some sour notes 6 hiking to camp out 7 by cutting costs sell more widgets 8 receiving letters to write them 9 typing filing to do simple bookkeeping 10 on flying to take a train
Exercise B Correcting Faulty Parallelism Corrections will vary samples are given 1 for being colorless and overly cautious 2 likes cooking but dislikes cleaning up afterward 3 someone who will work in the stock room and make deliveries 4 Reading the book was fun but writing a report on it was hard 5 played with great feeling but occasionally hit some sour notes 6 liked hiking and campshy
13
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
14
Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
15
4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
6 Youll love that book because its a mystery 7 Ben applied for a variety of jobs but everyone said he was over qualified 8 Although in genshyeral I hate exercise swimming is one thing I do enjoy 9 When Juliette fell off the swing she broke her wrist
J pages 61-63
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 with a cry of dismay 2 a dozen times 4 with deep emotion in his voice 5 with squeals of delight 7 from the upstairs window 8 in the thrift shop 9 in the princishypals office to with a secret compartment
Exercise B Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Flying low over the treetops 2 Shucking oysters at Caros Clam Bar 4 Clearing the bar at seventeen feet 5 practicing last week 6 motoring through Vermont 7 Cheered by a taste of success 9 Peering through the keyhole to Arriving at the theater an hour late
Exercise A Recognizing Misplaced Modishyfiers 1 at 800 PM 2 with a duck in his mouth 3 using his high-speed camera 4 in an angry voice 5 Cheering wildly 6 in the middle of our trip 7 with small bones in them 8 strolling around the village green 9 with a jelly jar to on the enclosed postcard
Exercise B Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Tonight at 800 PM WClV presents 2 With a duck in his mouth the retriever swam 3 Using his high-speed camera Dad 4 In an angry voice the customer demanded 5 Cheering wildly the fans greeted the home team 6 Mom remembered in the middle of our trip that she had not 7 Please dont give scraps with small bones in them 8 Strolling around the village green we saw 9 With a jelly jar David waited patiently for to Let us know on the enclosed postcard
Exercise A Recognizing Dangling Modifiers 1 Strolling through the narrow streets 2 Searching for the missing contract 3 Doing my homework 4 Before parking in that lot 5 while watching the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail 7 approaching the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas 9 Entering the dinshying room 10 Born into an immigrant family
Exercise B Correcting Dangling Modifiers Corrections will vary samples are given 1 Strolling through the narrow streets we found
the native quarter picturesque 2 Searching for the missing contract the author turned the whole house upside down 3 Doing my homework I found the radio next door distracting 4 Before parking in that lot a person must purchase a sticker 5 His wallet was stolen while he watched the fireworks display 6 Having sent the suspect to jail the sheriff thought the case was closed 7 Vegetation became sparse as we approached the summit of the mountain 8 While farming in Texas the Gants discovered oil 9 Entering the dining room we exclaimed at how appetizing the roast turkey looked to Born into an immigrant family the young woman thought the White House was an imposshysible goal for her
] pages 64-65
Exercise A Recognizing Parallel Ideas 1 cooking sewing painting 2 by eating less by exercising more 3 for originality for aptness of expression 4 brief colorful 5 to be true to himself to value his friends to keep his own counsel 6 groceries childrens clothing preshyscription drugs 7 c~tting costs increasing proshyductivity improving distribution 8 taking careshyful notes reviewing the material daily 9 who could have committed so bizarre a crime what the motive might have been 10 imaginative pashytient sympathetic
Exercise B Distinguishing Between Corred and Faulty Parallelism 1 F 2 C 3 F 4 C 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F to C
Exercise A Identifying Faulty Parallelism Exact portions underlined may vary within reashyson samples are given 1 for being colorless that he was overly cautious 2 cooking to clean up afterward 3 who will help in the stock room to make deliveries 4 Reading the book to write a report on it 5 played with great feelshying occasionally hitting some sour notes 6 hiking to camp out 7 by cutting costs sell more widgets 8 receiving letters to write them 9 typing filing to do simple bookkeeping 10 on flying to take a train
Exercise B Correcting Faulty Parallelism Corrections will vary samples are given 1 for being colorless and overly cautious 2 likes cooking but dislikes cleaning up afterward 3 someone who will work in the stock room and make deliveries 4 Reading the book was fun but writing a report on it was hard 5 played with great feeling but occasionally hit some sour notes 6 liked hiking and campshy
13
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
14
Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
15
4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
ing out 7 profitable by cutting costs or by selling more widgets 8 receiving letters but not writing them 9 typing filing and simshyple bookkeeping 10 If you plan on taking a plane or train this weekend
~ Page66
Exercise A Distinguishing Varieties of EngUsh 1 F 2 D 3 I 4 S 5 I 6 D 7 F 8 D 9 S 10 I
Exercise B Changing Nonstandard EngUsh into Standard EngUsh Wording may differ samples are given 2 Please tell me if you have the least amount of trouble 4 Mr Jenkins cershytainly made out badly on that real estate transacshytion 6 Those two people are exceptionally close 8 You will be dealt with severely for critshyicizing Mrs Jones 9 Are you telling me the truth or have you made that up
~ pages 67-69
Exercise A Recognizing Tenses and Forms of Verbs 1 followed past 2 were pulling past progressive 3 have tried present perfect 4 will have been visiting future perfect progresshysive 5 carries present 6 will release future 7 will be waiting future progressive 8 had planned past perfect 9 had been investigating past perfect progressive 10 will have finished future perfect
Exercise 8 Identifying Principal Parts 1 followed past 2 pulling present participle 3 tried past participle 4 visiting present partishyciple 5 carries present 6 release present 7 waiting present participle 8 planned past participle 9 investigating present participle 10 finished past participle
Exercise A Writing the Principal Parts of Irmiddot regular Verbs 1 begin began begun 2 draw drawing drawn 3 freezing froze froshyzen 4 run running ran 5 put putting put 6 think thought thought 7 fall falling fell 8 catching caught caught 9 bind binding bound 10 speak spoke spoken
Exercise 8 Recognizing Principal Parts of Verbs 1 burst 2 spread 3 thrust 4 dived 5 broken
Exercise A Conjugating Verbs 1 I try I tried I will try I have tried I had tried I will have tried I am trying I was trying I will be trying 2 he finds he found he will find he has
found he had found he will have found he is finding he was finding he will be finding 3 we speak we spoke we will speak we have spoken we had spoken we will have spoken we are speaking we were speaking we will be speaking lfttIII 4 they run they ran they will run they have run they had run they will have run they are running they were running they will be running
Exercise B Supplying the Correct Verb Form 1 will have tested 2 froze 3 has wound 4 did prepare 5 had promised
~ pages 70-73
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tense In Present Time 1 emphasizing a statement 2 constant action 3 recurring action 4 present condition 5 present action 6 continuing action 7 constant action 8 denying an assertion 9 recurring action 10 continuing action
Exercise 8 USing Present Tense Forms in Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 is milking 2 is making 3 are moving 4 taste 5 has 6 am reading 7 attracts 8 is forming 9 want 10 is studying
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Past Time 1 completed before another past event 2 continuous past event 3 indefinite past time 4 indefinite past time 5 indefinite past time
Exercise B Using Tenses in Past Time 1 had finished 2 has been 3 had left 4 opened 5 was working 6 did like 7 has been gathering 8 applied 9 was waiting 10 have been working
Exercise A Identifying the Uses of Tenses in Future Time 1 continuing future event 2 future event before another future event 3 continuing future event 4 future event 5 continuing future event before another 6 continuing future event 7 future event before another future event 8 continuing future event before another 9 continuing future event 10 future event before another future event
Exercise 8 Using Tenses In Future Time 1 will be catering 2 will be playing 3 will have been sitting 4 will be arriving 5 will inshyvite 6 will have papered 7 will be taking 8 will have performed 9 will be playing 10 will return
14
Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
15
4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
Exercise A Recognizing and Correcting Unshynecessary Shifts In Tense Corrections may vary samples are given 1 we finish 2 when he graduates 3 Phil starts 4 where we left it 5 correct
Exercise B Using Modifiers to Help Clarify Tense Modifiers will vary samples are given 1 next week 2 all afternoon 3 After years of practice 4 already 5 tomorrow
~ pages 74-75
Exercise A Distinguishing Between the Acshytive and Passive Voice 1 passive 2 passive 3 active 4 passive 5 passive 6 active 7 passive 8 active 9 active 10 passive
Exercise B Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs 1 you are found you were found you will be found you have been found you had been found you will have been found 2 it is made it was made it will be made it has been made it had been made it will have been made 3 he is seen he was seen he will be seen he has been seen he had been seen he will have been seen 4 they are liked they were liked they will be liked they have been liked they had been liked they will have been liked
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Approshypriate and Unnecessary Uses of Passive Voice 1 U 2 A 3 U 4 U 5 A 6 U 7 A 8 U 9 U 10 U
Exercise B Using the Active Voice Answers may vary slightly samples are given 1 The crowd gave a roar 3 My grandmother made many of the ornaments 4 A friend of mine won the blue ribbon 6 Dad cooked dinner toshynight 8 The judges will notify the winners 9 The police are investigating the report 10 Paul Revere announced the arrival of the Britshyish troops
] pages 76-78
Exercise A Identifying Case 1 objective 2 possessive 3 possessive 4 objective 5 possessive 6 nominative 7 possessive 8 objective 9 possessive 10 objective
Exercise B Identifying Pronoun Case and Use 1 objective 10 2 nominatives S 3 objective OP 4 possessive 0 5 nominative S 6 objective DO 7 possessiveO 8 nominative PN 9 possessive 0 10 objective OP
Exercise A Identifying Pronouns In the Nominative Case 1 I S 2 he PN 3 they PN 4 She S 5 he S 6 she PN 7 he PN 8 he S 9 we PN 10 they PN
Exercise B Identifying Pronouns in the Obshyjective Case 1 her DO 2 him OP 3 us 10 4 me 10 5 me OP 6 them 10 7 her OP 8 him DO 9 us DO 10 us 10
Exercise A Using Pronouns In the Possesshysive Case 1 His 2 mine 3 our 4 yours 5 her 6 his 7 theirs 8 My 9 its 10 their
Exercise B More Work with Pronouns In the Possessive Case Answers will vary samples are given 1 yours 2 our 3 Your 4 mine 5 her 6 its 7 their 8 hers 9 his 10 their
J page 79middot
Exercise A Using Who and Whom Correctly 1 Whom 2 who 3 who 4 Who 5 who 6 Whom 7 Who 8 who 9 whom 10 whom
Exercise B Using Pronouns In Elliptical Clauses Pronouns may differ samples are given 1 she 2 me 3 me 4 he 5 them
sect] pages 80-82
Exercise A Determining the Number of Words 1 plural 2 both 3 both 4 plural 5 singular 6 both 7 plural 8 singular 9 singular 10 both
Exercise B Making Subjects and Verbs Agree 1 remains S 2 are P 3 are P 4 needs S 5 is S
Exercise A Compound Subjects Joined by Or or Nor 1 hold 2 reads 3 promotes 4 has 5 is 6 come 7 plays 8 warm 9 supervise 10 is
Exercise B Compound Subjects Joined by And 1 have 2 was 3 have 4 match 5 was
Exercise A Deciding on the Number of Subshyjects 1 P 2 P 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 P 10 S
Exercise B Choosing Verbs to Agree with Difficult Subjects 1 is 2 are 3 are
15
4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
4 have 5 elects 6 are 7 was 8 has 9 blooms 10 is
~ pages 83-85
Exercise A Choosing Personal Pronouns to Agree with Antecedents 1 their 2 its 3 his 4 her 5 her 6 their 7 his 8 their 9 its 10 her
Exercise B Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement In Sentences 1 he 2 it 3 her 4 their 5 his 6 he 7 they 8 your 9 her 10 his
Exercise A Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns 1 it 2 their 3 their 4 it 5 his 6 their 7 it 8 her 9 them 10 them
Exercise B Using Reflexive Pronouns Corshyrectly 1 myself me 2 ourselves us 3 himself him 4 yourself you 5 myself I
Exercise A Solving Special Problems In Proshynoun Agreement 1 entrants 2 Dad 3 the hamburgers 4 visitors 5 the scouts 6 passengers 7 the doctors 8 Bruces 9 everyones 10 the networks
Exercise B Correcting Special Problems In Pronoun Agreement Corrections may differ samples are given 1 What information did you get when you called the hospital 2 That platshyter looks pretty with the parsely around the food 3 Instructors in that ballet school expect stushydents to practice four hours every day 4 Debbie assured Maureen that Maureens report would be excellent 5 Why do flight crews tell passengers to keep their seatbelts loosely fastened
[sectJ pages 86-87
Exercise A Recognizing Degrees of ComparshyIson 1 compo 2 pos 3 sup 4 sup 5 compo 6 sup 7 pos 8 sup 9 compo 10 pOS
Exercise B Comparing Adjectives and Adshyverbs 1 more cautious most cautious 2 loud louder 3 slowly most slowly 4 softer softest 5 more sadly most sadly
Exercise A Forming Irregular Comparative and Superlative Degrees 1 better 2 farther 3 worse 4 least 5 last 6 further 7 best 8 worse 9 worst 10 more
16
Exercise B Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Make Comparisons Sentences will vary forms are given 1 worse or worst 2 worse or worst 3 better or best 4 less or least 5 better or best J
~ pages 88-89
Exercise A Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees Correctly 1 least 2 oldest 3 more 4 more carefully 5 longest 6 more 7 more 8 fewest 9 fastest 10 most
Exercise B Using the Comparative and Sushyperlative Degrees In Sentences Sentences will vary forms are given 1 more successful most successful 2 harder hardest 3 younger youngest 4 tamer tamest 5 more dangerous most dangerous
ExelCIse A Making Balanced Comparisons 1 spicier than Moms 2 faster than Phils 3 better than Mikes 4 muddier than Steves 5 more demanding than Hals
Exercise B Using Other and Else In ComparshyIsons 1 than anyone else in my class 2 than any other place in town 3 than anyone else I know 4 than any other in town 5 anyone else who works as hard
~page90 Exercise A Avoiding Problems with Negashytives 1 anybody 2 could 3 have 4 a 5 any 6 any 7 more than 8 ever 9 was 10 ever
Exercise B Using Negatives Correctly Senshytences will vary you may want students to circle all negative words as a self-check
~page91 Exercise A Avoiding Common Usage Probshylems 1 from 2 lain 3 have 4 affect 5 among 6 regardless 7 beat 8 healthy 9 that 10 teach
Exercise B Avoiding Other Usage Problems 1 eager 2 altogether 3 nowhere 4 set 5 Because 6 let 7 that 8 way 9 than 10 emigrated
~ Pages 92-94
Exercise A Using Capitals for First Words 1 only we 2 what 3 the does 4 that i
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
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3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
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acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
5 ouch that 6 of ill but 7 a food B one couldnt 9 halfway i when 10 several
Exercise B Using Capitalized Words Some answers will vary samples are given 1 Where 2 Check 3 Downed 4 Who 5 Gosh 6 My 7 We B Milk 9 Who 10 Little The
Exercise A Recognizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives 1 Texas Rio Grande Alamo 2 Hemingway Spanish Civil War 3 Soviet-American 4 Alex 5 Mrs Hendershyson Chevrolet 6 League of Women Voters 7 Japanese pro-American B Koran Islam 9 Baseball Hall of Fame Cooperstown New York 10 English-speaking Russians
Exercise B Using Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives Answers will vary samples are given 1 Apple 2 Rome Venice 3 Israeli 4 William Faulkner 5 Dover 6 World Series 7 Kim Terri B Rockies 9 Antarctica 10 Valentines Day February
Exercise A Using Capitals in Titles 1 major adams 2 the ransom red chief 3 queen england 4 professor harold jenkins 5 the last supper 6 arsenic old lace 7 father riley B mrs pauling dr orourke 9 undersea world 10 handels water music
Exercise B Using Capitals for Salutations and Closings 1 Dear Dr Morgan 2 With deep affection 3 Gratefully 4 My dear Coushysin 5 Very truly yours 6 Dear Professor Atshykins 7 Yours sincerely B Dear Sir or Madam 9 My dear Marian 10 With all good wishes
~ Pages 95-97
Exercise A Using Abbreviations for Titles of People and Geographical Terms 1 Revj 2 MDj 3 Rd 4 Lt 5 Mt 6 Ave 7 Senj B Profj 9 Blvd 10 Drj
Exercise B More Work with Abbreviations 1 MD 2 PhD 3 Calif 4 Dr 5 Neb 6 BA or AB 7 RI B Amb 9 RN 10 Me
Exercise A Recognizing the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 before christ 2 mile(s) 3 millimeter(s) 4 pound(s) 5 pint(s) 6 teaspoon(s) 7 houres) B kiloliter(s) 9 February 10 Wednesday
EXERCISE B More work with AbbreviatioDs 1 in 2 Sept 3 BC 4 L 5 June
6 PM or pm 7 m B sec 9 Nov 10 C 11 Aug 12 lb 13 F 14 mi 15 Sun 16 min 17 qt lB Oct 19 mL 20 pt
Exercising A Identifying the Meanings of Abbreviations 1 Brothers 2 Trans-World Airlines 3 Corporation 4 National Football League 5 Incorporated 6 for example 7 Vice President B and others 9 Limited to that is
Exercise B Using Abbreviations 1 NBA 2 Mfg 3 etc 4 NATO 5 f 6 CBS 7 YMCA B NASA 9 eg 10 amp
~ Page 98
Exercise A Using End Marks for Sentences and Phrases 1 (I) 2 () 3 () 4 (I) 5 (I) 6 () 7 (I) B () 9 () to ()
Exercise B Using End Marks in Your Own Sentences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Bills birthday is on May 6() 2 Dr Young works very hard 3 Kim lives at 23 Elm Street 4 Watch out
~ Pages 9~101 Exercise A Using Commas Correctly 1 clear strong 2 Ohio and 3 Parsley sprigs lemon slices and 4 hot tired 5 cake or 6 none 7 perfect but B large lumpy 9 meal but 10 fly take the train or
Exercise B Understanding Rules for Comshymas 1 equal adjectives 2 compound sentence 3 series 4 equal adjectives 5 compound sentence 6 adjectives in order 7 compound sentence B equal adjectives 9 compound sentence to series
Exercise A Recognizing Introductory Mateshyrial 1 Yes 2 To win the game 3 Shrugshyging her shoulders 4 Before we knew it 5 Exhausted 6 Although he works hard 7 As soon as we got your call B Alice 9 To get to work 10 Frankly
Exercise B Using Commas with Parenthetishycal and Nonessential Expressions 1 It was Bill not Bob whom I met at the concert 2 The novel All the Kings Men is set in louisishyana 3 We agreed of course that the party should be a surprise 4 Mr Palmeri our nextshydoor neighbor grows beautiful roses 5 T S Eliot who was born in St Louis adopted Enshygland as his home
17
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
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Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
Exercise A Adding Commas to Sentences 1 Street Jefferson Missouri 2 Paul fried 3 1235 4 asked Is 5 Sarah Marsh LPN prefers 6 Ellen Ann 7 June 12 1985 my 8 1354 9 ready Pat called we to dinner entertainment
Exercise B Punctuating a Letter Montpelier December 4 Paulette Friday November 30 Bosshyton Massachusetts I Bayard Place Gettysburg 1700 say friend
~ Pages 102-103
Exercise A Using Semicolons Correctly 1 animals therefore 2 salads but 3 full but 4 porch well 5 shift she 6 snacks but 7 painted in 8 out the 9 youngster but 10 life no
Exercise B Undentandlng Uses of the Semishycolon 1 conjunctive adverb 2 items that alshyready have commas 3 items that already have commas 4 independent clauses 5 indeshypendent clauses 6 items that already have commas 7 transitional expression 8 indeshypendent clauses 9 items that already have commas 10 independent clauses
Exercise A Using Colons Correctly 1 note Meet 2 814 900 3 Awards George 4 these 7V 5 Warning This
Exercise B More Work with Colons 1 Matthew 108 2 Gandhi Fighter 3 Caution Read 4 840 5 gavel Let
~ Pages 104-105
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Direct and Indirect Quotations 1 f 2 0 3 0 4 I 5 0 6 0 7 I 8 I 9 0 10 I
Exercise B Using Quotation Marks Corshyrectly Starred answers will be marked in Exershycise A others written on the lines at the bottom of the page Rewritten indirect quotations may vary samples are given 1 Can you tell me how to get to the World Trade Center asked the tourist 2 Marcia began her letter Dear Santa sled 3 Have report Darryl inshyquired 4 Bruce said Please dont tell anyone about the party 5 We skating Dana suggested or movie 6 The garden needs weeding Mom observed 7 I called the waiter over May I please have another fork 8 We could organize a scrap paper drive Amanda suggested 9 Ouch Lou cried
That pan is hot 1O Our entire card catalog the librarian said will computer
Exercise A Punctuating Direct Quotations 1 say All price 2 remarked She minute then 3 I wonder Phyllis mused if action 4 Who ordered the pizza Kelly 5 winced That pin 6 I remember Grandma reminisced the born 7 Do you think Mom asked that cookies 8 Have wondered the teacher asked who first said Eureka 9 loudly Im starved just to Perhaps Phil suggested we party
Exercise B Paragraphing Dialogue Answers will vary check carefully for appropriate parashygraphing as well as use of quotation marks
] Page 106
Exercise A Punctuating Different Types of Works I none 2 Inferno Divine Comedy 3 The March of the Toys Babes in Toyland 4 Queen Elizabeth 2 God Save the Queen 5 The Land of the Dead Time
Exercise B Choosing the Correct Form 1 Hamlet 2 Genesis 3 Happy Birthday 4 Magna Carta 5 Nutcracker Suite
~ Pages 107-108
Exercise A Using the Dash I presentation-it was just an illusion of course-a 2 exhibits-you would have loved it-depicted 3 Representatives-all 4 librarian-you know Mrs Norman-was 5 somewhere-oh 6 Jones-an interesting Arabia-is 7 Guidry-aU 8 cream-your favorite-for 9 over -no the 10 Smith-a golfer two-is
Exercise B More Work with Dashes 1 awards-the Oscar television-because 2 Elena-hey 3 victory-the crowd was ecshystatic-guarantees 4 museum-I think Barkus-used 5 pies-all
Exercise A Using Parentheses 1 (it was about 630) 2 (a) a bake sale (b) a bottle drive or (c) a 3 (1066) 4 (he has several unusual ones) 5 (3124 miles to be exact)
Exercise B More Work with Parentheses j1 (What a wonderful party it was) 2 (1706- 1790)
18
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
[] Page 109
Exerdse A Using Hyphens 1 sergeant-atshyarms 2 half-hearted 3 twenty-four 4 five~ eighths 5 none 6 self-sufficient 7 antishyIranian 8 hand-carved 9 out-of-town 10 Twenty-seven
Exercise B Hyphenating Words 1 mis-spell 2 Athenian 3 cre-ate 4 Scandinavian 5 above
J Pages 110-111
Exerdse A Writing Possessive Forms 1 the childrens toys 2 two weeks salary 3 the elephants trunk 4 my sister-in-Iaws birthday 5 Elinor and her sisters apartment
Exerdse B Using Apostrophes Correctly with Pronouns 1 their 2 someone elses 3 neithers 4 ours 5 anyones
Exercise A Writing Contractions 1 Theyd 2 were 3 hed 4 Weve 5 Im 6 wont 7 arent 8 youre 9 youll 10 havent
Exercise B Using Apostrophes Correctly 1 gs 2 66 3 oclock 4 cant es is 5 7s
[sectJ Pages 112-113
Exercise A Interviewing Yourself Answers will vary
Exercise B Free Writing Answers will vary
Exercise A Determining Audience and Purshypose Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing a Topic Answers will vary
[sect] Page 114
Exercise A Writing a First Draft Answers will vary
Exercise B More Work with First Drafts Answers will vary
~ Page 115
Exercise A Revising and Editing a Paper Answers will vary
Exercise B Proofreading a Paper Answers will vary
~ Pages 116-117
Exerdse A Using Action Words Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 The principal sent for Mr Perkins 2 Ellison camshypaigned more aggressively than Perkins 3 Jenny proposed to revise the dress code 4 A family from Idaho bought the house next door 5 The childs insolence embarrassed his parents
Exercise B Replacing General Words Anshyswers will vary samples are given 1 argued 2 stroll 3 astounded 4 masquerade ball 5 delectable
Exerdse A Eliminating Cliches and Dead Metaphors Answers will vary samples are given 1 Dan is in disfavor for taking the car without permission 2 I often have trouble knowing what to say 3 It is nearly certain that Donna 4 Fran felt as if she didnt belong at the formal reception 5 When I really need help I can always count on Pete
Exercise B Eliminating Careless Repetition and Obvious Modifiers Answers will vary samples are given 1 Change painter to artist 2 Change sandy to true 3 Change rural to rich 4 Change tall to icy 5 Change built to finished
~ Page 118
Exercise A Identifying Tone Answers will vary samples are given 1 coaxing casual light 2 formal objective scholarly 3 emotional serious 4 casual chatty informal 5 formal objective pretentious
Exerdse B Avoiding Inappropriate Words Answers will vary samples are given 1 really mellow dude very quiet relaxed man 2 maximize their utilization make good use of 3 cranium skull 4 laid back relaxed 5 freeloaders people who do not pay their rent
] Page 119
Exercise A Recognizing Deadwood Redunshydancy and Wordiness (Instances of redunshydancy and wordiness are underlined) 1 It is my opinion in the spring 2 who is older than I am 3 cold 4 which is heavy 5 It is my pershysonal belief that
19
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
Exercise B Avoiding Deadwood and Wordishyness 1 A springtime plant sale would be a good fund-raiser 2 My older brother joined the Navy 3 Owls are nocturnal creatures 4 Tom and Bill could not move the heavy piano 5 I have studied long enough
~ Page 120
Exercise A Combining Sentences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Broadway musishycals with large casts and elaborate production numbers are often difficult 2 My favorite breakfast is pancakes and bacon 3 That is a quality magazine intended for people interested in science 4 Just by following the directions Timmy made the 5 Todays editorial about toxic waste was quite alarming
Exercise B More Work with Combining Senshytences Answers may vary samples are given 1 Because he works hard in practice and is a very gifted athlete he is the best player on the team 2 TQe band members wanted to leave the stage bUNhe crowd implored them to conshytinue so they played another song 3 After Gerris children were grown she went back to school and became a physical therapist 4 Though Shawn never does well on standardshyized tests he gets good grades in school because he works very hard 5 Because the ice storm lasted for two days and the roads were treachershyous school was canceled for a week
~ Pages 121-123
Exercise A Adding Details to Short Senshytences Answers will vary samples are given 1 Jody a gifted student speaks 2 The guitarist broke a string in the middle of the bands first song 3 Jane skied easily and swiftly to 4 Senator Williams came to our school to speak about drug abuse 5 The weary soldiers marched across the barren field
Exercise B Shortening Long Sentences Revishysions will vary a sample is given Although the doctors had not held out much hope for the surshygery the family remained optimistic throughout the long hours of the operation They thought that if they wanted it badly enough surely things would work out They were ecstatic when the surgeon appeared and reported that the operation had indeed been a success
Exerlse A Using Diffrent Sentence Openers Answers may vary within reason samples are given 1 For further information phone
2 Because they had never been camping before the youngsters 3 After the game can you join 4 After dinner Uncle John frequently dozes 5 To raise money for their trip the band members will have ~
Exercise B Varying Sentence Stmctures Revisions will vary a sample is given Jeremy who has loved animals all his life wants to be a veterinarian As a child he had a whole menagshyerie of pets and took excellent care of them Because he could never bear to see an animal suffer he nursed several injured chipmunks and other small animals back to health He has always been a good student especially in math and science After he graduates from high school this June he plans to take premed courses at college this fall
Exercise A USing Parallelism 2 Sewing painting and cooking gourmet meals 2 clearly completely and patiently 3 at nights and on weekends but not on holidays 4 Clapping hands stamping feet and whistling loudly the audience 5 but not to play baseball
Exercise B Using Special Sentence Patterns Answers will vary samples are given 1 Donna searched through her purse in her desk and unshy j der the bed 2 Philosophy is a difficult subject German is also quite difficult 3 John liked vashycations at the beach his sister liked vacations in the mountains 4 She tried her best friends She tried mere acquaintances She tried complete strangers No one would help
~ Pages 124-125
Exercise A Using Transitions Answers will vary samples are given 2 Anita always has good fund-raising ideas For example she thought 2 only responsible candidate Indeed there is no other choice 3 state capital Earlier she spoke at our school 4 extremely talented Moreover she is attractive 5 Jack likes playing in sport Ken on the other hand prefers
Exercise B Using Coordination and Subordishynation 1 Many people volunteered but few actually worked 2 Before we left for our trip we made sure the house was in order 3 When Louise was depressed good music improved her mood 4 Gail studied hard for her math test J however she failed 5 Even though the forecast had been favorable the rains poured down
20
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
Exercise A Using Logical Order 1 Tom resented our parents criticism He stormed out of the house and slammed the door The last I saw he was pedaling away from the house 2 logical 3 The front of the house was impresshysive Inside a spiral staircase dominated the entryway A sunken living room 4 A man dressed as Uncle Sam led off the parade Behind the band came the scout troops 5 logical
Exercise B Using Logical Order in a Parashygraph The day of the family reunion finally arshyrived We all met at the park at noon After unshypacking the food and sharing the photo albums we organized a softball game Dinner was a pleasure each branch of the family having brought a different dish We parted with promises to make this an annual event
sect] Pages 126-128
Exercise A Examining a Paragraph 1 6 2 to summarize the paragraph 3 1-5 4 1-4 5 5
Exercise B Developing Support for Topic Sentences 1 details 2 reasons 3 facts 4 examples 5 incidents
Exercise A Recognizing Unity in a Parashygraph 1 1 2 2-4 6-7 9-10 3 5 and 8 4 Because they are not closely related to the topic
Exercise B Identifying Elements of Cohershyence Answers to 2-4 may vary within reason 1 spatial 2 Inside Upstairs Whats more 3 flaws 4 marred marked stains soiled 5 10
Exercise A Identifying Special Paragraphs 1 special 2 standard 3 standard 4 special 5 special
Exercise B Recognizing Different Kinds of Special Paragraphs 1 (1) introductory 2 (4) transitional 3 (5) concluding
I 202 IPage 129
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Page 130
Exercise A Planning an Expository Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Parashygraph See Exercise A
~ Page 131
Exercise A Planning a Descriptive Parashygraph Answers will vary Paragraphs can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Narrative Paragraph See Exercise A
~ Page 132
Exercise A Understanding an Essay 1 end of first paragraph 2 early voyages and later voyshyages 3 examples 4 to explain 5 Answers will vary
Exercise B Recognizing Overall Unity and Coherence Answers 2 and 3 may vary within reason 1 chronological 2 Early Also Later Other 3 explorers 4 last sentence 5 information about other Europeans and other words added to the language
~ Page 133
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of the form along with the completed work will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
I 223 IPage 134
Exercise A Planning an Expository Essay Answers will vary Essays can be completed if you wish
Exercise B Planning a Persuasive Essay See Exercise A
sect] Page 135
Exercise A Using Sources of Information Answers will vary Forms can be checked against text models
Exercise B Understanding the Structure of a Research Paper 1 one paragraph 2 end of introduction 3 middle part (in the body parashy
21
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
graphs) 4 transitions 5 thesis statement and the supporting evidence
~ Page 136
Writing Process Page Answers will vary A review of forms note cards and the completed reports will give you a good idea of where if anyshywhere students are having problems
~ Pages 137-138
Exercise A Understanding a Book Report Answers to questions 134 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the Devon School during the 1950s 2 Gene and Phineas 3 He is an exceptional athlete and dares to dress in an unusual manner 4 It is beautifully written and is worthwhile reading for both adolescents and adults 5 Knowless use of characterization
Exercise B More Work with Book Reports Answers to questions 1 4 and 5 may vary samshyples are given 1 the title and author and a brief summary 2 setting 3 character 4 theme and conflict 5 an overall evaluation of the book and the writers recommendation
Writing Process Page Answers will vary If book report demonstrates serious problems work individually with students beginning with prewritshying activities to try to find the source of the trouble
I 242 IPages 139-140
Exercise A Understanding a Literary Analyshysis Paper 1 That a young boy swinging through the air on birch trees is the central symshybol of the poem 2 It states that the paper deals with the central symbol in the poem Birches 3 It presents the work and the author 4 The idea of the boy swinging on the birches is a symbol of a unity between human beings and nature 5 The idea of being able to swing out into the air and land safely on the ground symbolizes the human desire to find a temporary escape from reality
Exercise B More Work with Literary Analyshysis Answers to questions 3 and 4 may vary samples are given 1 It is one way in which the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 2 It is the other way that the boy swinging on the birches works as the central symbol of the poem 3 He learns all there is To learn about not launching out too soon And so not carrying the tree away Clear to
the ground 4 The narrator speaks of the need to find such an escape when life is too much like a pathless wood 5 the first sentence
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate analyses on the relevance of the supshyporting information to the topic expression of ideas and general understanding of the work selected
~ Page 141
Exercise A Understanding the Purpose of Journal Entries 1 to keep track of everyday events 2 to express candid feelings and insights 3 to record key events 4 to record special experiences in an area of interest 5 to keep track of everyday events
Exercise B Planning a Journal Entry Answers will vary
~ Page 142
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate narratives on coherence consistency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 143
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate autobiographies on coherence consisshytency of point of view and use of details
~ Page 144
Exercise A Recognizing the Stages of a Plot 16 21 32 43 54
Exercise B Identifying Kinds of Narrators 11 22 33 41 53
I 262 IPage 145
Writing Process Page Answers will vary Evaluate plot development character setting and consistency of point of view
~ Page 146
Exercise A Working with Parts of a Friendly Letter Answers to 1-3 will vary 4 heading clQsing signature 5 salutation body
Exercise B Working with Parts of a Busishyness Letter Answers to 1 and 2 will vary
22
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
3 block 4 name of recipient page date 5 make a copy
r sect] Page 147
Exercise A Planning a Personal Letter Answers will vary
Exercise B Planning a Business Letter Answers will vary Letters can be completed if you wish
~ Pages 148-149
Exercise A Interpreting Essay Exam Quesshytions 1 similarities Look for similarities 2 chart Give a chart 3 In your opinion Supshyport a position with facts and reasons 4 differ Look for and stress differences 5 Discuss Make a general statement and support it
Exercise B More Work with Essay Exam Questions 1 defining Tell what romanticism is 2 describe Give the main features with examples 3 What give information that tells what the reasons were 4 What if Support a prediction with facts and reasons 5 significance Explain the importance of this event
Exercise A Planning an Answer to an Essay Question Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing and Proofreading an Answer to an Essay Exam Question Answers will vary
~ Pages 150-151
Exercise A Using a Dictionary and thesaushyrus to Increase Vocabulary Answers will vary samples are given Definitions 1 unvarying 2 adroitness and delicacy of pershyformance 3 shameful 4 any affirmation or declaration 5 to recite a speech poem etc with studied or artificial eloquence 6 burnish 7 warn 8 sweeten 9 reduce 10 enthusiastic Synonyms 1 tedious 2 skill 3 disgraceful 4 attestation 5 overact 6 polish 7 dissuade 8 sweeten 9 shorten 10 eager
Exercise B Recognizing Related Words 1 synonyms 2 antonyms 3 homonyms 4 antonyms 5 synonyms 6 homonyms 7 synonyms 8 synonyms 9 antonyms 10 homonyms
Exercise A Keeping a Vocabulary Notebook Bridge words will vary Definitions are given 1 church official 2 something in a persons own handwriting 3 church 4 Turkish govershynor 5 monks hood 6 without vitality weak 7 call bad names 8 repeated firing of guns or other artillery 9 ravine that becomes a river during a rainy season 10 stomach
Exercise B Using Other Study Methods Answers will vary samples are given 1 a patshytern 2 a reckless adventure or prank 3 the denial of the existence of any basis for knowlshyedge or truth 4 to state definitely 5 the abilshyity to rise or float in liquid or air 6 without defshyinite form 7 to amount to as much 8 to tease or disappoint by promising or showing something desirable and then withholding it 9 repel 10 arrogant
I 292 IPage 152
Exercise A Using Context Clues 1 added equipment 2 unquestionably 3 artistic 4 expenditures 5 awkward or heavy 6 add to 7 frame or surround 8 interesting 9 unnecessary 10 possible future
Exercise B Using Words in Context Answers will vary
~ Pages 153-154
Exercise A Finding Words with Common Preftxes Answers will vary Sample words are given 1 absent 2 circumvent 3 collect 4 exception 5 interrupt 6 postpone 7 preview 8 recall 9 semisweet 10 subterfuge
Exercise B Using Prefixes to Determine Meaning Answers may vary within reason 1 cutting off 2 cautious 3 to suggest 4 to radiate 5 between the stars 6 after birth 7 without a written language 8 to send back to ones original country 9 partly separate but not completely so 10 foundation
Exercise A Using Roots to Determine MeanshyIng Answers may vary within reason 1 temporary decline in the economy 2 giving up of authority 3 person who can take shortshyhand 4 lessening of pain 5 witnesss written testimony 6 driving force 7 cautious 8 support 9 come between 10 amusement
Exercise B Using Suffixes to Help Detershymine Meaning 1 without intelligence 2 identical copy 3 bring to life 4 high-wire
23
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
acrobat S extremely crooked 6 cherished souvenir 7 cause confusion 8 highlyamusshying 9 make the same 10 false reason
~ Page 155
Exercise A Finding the Sources of Words 1 Dutch 2 Latin 3 Scandinavian 4 Greek S French 6 Tongan 7 French 8 Latin 9 Latin 10 Italian
Exercise B Combining Words to Create New Words 1 trademark 2 dumbbell 3 shirttail 4 motorcycle 5 flagpole 6 goalkeeper 7 roadblock 8 woodshed 9 cowhide 10 watercolor
~ Pages 156-157
Exercise A Proofreading a Selection 1 cafeteria 2 inedible 3 poisoning 4 hamburgers S food 6 served 7 thrown 8 sausages 9 spicy 10 sauce
Exercise B Mastering Spelling Demons 1 restaurant 2 mathematics 3 secretary 4 sophomore S lightning 6 vegetables 7 Foreign 8 February 9 anniversary 10 calendar
Exercise A Studying Problem Words Anshyswers may vary within reason Samples are given 1 sophomore 2 absecten~e 3 omied 4 eighth 5 scissors 6 miwell 7 desp~rate 8 creditQr 9 mysterious 10 correspond~nce 11 courtesectY 12 cal~nd~r 13 privilege 14 parallel 15 occurrence 16 vacang 17 pretensecte 18 nin~ty 19 concede 20 trillY
Exercise B Creating Memory Aids Answers will vary Samples are given 1 a familiar liar 2 hears them rehearse 3 a messy dessert 4 license of ice S labor in a laboratory 6 science of conscience 7 ate one category 8 a permissible mission 9 rise to a surprise 10 a bullet through a bulletin
~ Pages 158-161
Exercise A Writing Plurals 1 children 2 poppies 3 laces 4 rhythms S benches 6 foxes 7 deer 8 mice 9 potatoes 10 flashes 11 sisters-in-law 12 radii 13 fusses 14 station wagons 15 pianos 16 geese 17 boys 18 watches 19 birds 20 moose
24
Exercise 8 More Work with Plurals 1 leaves 2 police cars 3 groups 4 knives S speeches 6 oxen 7 babies 8 men 9 teeth 10 editors-in-chief
Exercise A Adding Prefixes 1 disappear 2 illuminate 3 submarine 4 commend 5 misspell 6 disown 7 illegitimate 8 compare 9 coordinate 10 subordinate 11 unfavorable 12 dissolve 13 corrode 14 misgiving IS innumerable 16 suppose 17 misuse 18 immigrate 19 differ 20 correct
Exercise 8 Adding Suffixes 1 bragging 2 statement 3 creating 4 difference 5 delayed 6 decreasing 7 innocently 8 snapper 9 crying 10 wonderfully 11 tried 12 occurring 13 engaged 14 lovely IS replayable 16 denied 17 encouragement 18 annoyed 19 usually 20 employment
Exercise A Spelling ie and ei Words 1 received 2 chief 3 forfeit 4 sieges 5 seizures 6 ceiling 7 believed 8 foreign 9 leisure 10 deceived
Exercise B Words Ending in -cede -ceed and -sede 1 -cede 2 -sede 3 -ceed 4 -ceed 5 -cede 6 -ceed 7 -cede 8 -cede 9 -cede 10 -cede
Exercise A Adding Confusing Suffixes 1 sy 2 ify 3 ence 4 cy 5 ance 6 ary 7 ance 8 ary 9 efy 10 ify
Exercise 8 More Work with Confusing Endshyings 1 -ery 2 -ence 3 -ent 4 -ary 5 -cy 6 -cy 7 -efy 8 ~ery 9 -sy 1O-ery
~ Page 162
Exercise A Setting Up a Study Schedule Answers will vary
Exercise B Setting Goals for Study Skills Answers will vary
~ Page 163
Exercise A Making a Modified Outline Answers will vary
Exercise B Writing a Summary Answers will vary
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
~ Page 164
Exercise A Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions 1 opinion 2 fact 3 fact 4 fact 5 opinion
Exercise B Analyzing Fonns of Reasoning 1 analogy invalid 2 inference valid 3 generalization invalid 4 cause and effect valid 5 analogy valid
~ Page 165
Exercise A Analyzing the Uses of Language 1 self-important language 2 denotation 3 connotation 4 slanting 5 connotation
Exercise B More Work with the Uses of Lanshyguage 1 slanting 2 connotation 3 selfshyimportant language 4 denotation 5 slanting
~ Pages 166-167
Exercise A Using the SQ4R Method Answers will vary
Exercise B Varying Your Reading Style Answers will vary
Exercise A Identifying Authors Purpose 1 to inform 2 to sell 3 to offer an opinion 4 to entertain 5 to instruct
Exercise B Recognizing Authors Tone 1 neutral 2 negative 3 positive 4 negative 5 neutral
~ Page 168
Exercise A Taking a Matching Test 1 b 2 e 3 g 4 c 5 i 6 f 7 a 8 j 9 h 10 d
Exercise B Taking a TrueFalse Test l false 2 true 3 false 4 true 5 true
~ Page 169
Exercise A Answering Analogy Questions 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 E
Exercise B Answering Sentence Completion Questions 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B
~ Page 170
Exercise A Using the Card Catalog 1 a DlC b LAS c MAC d DOC 2 a 1 b 5 c 3 d 4 e 2 f 6 3 Answers will vary
Exercise B Finding Books on the Shelves 1 683 2 DlC 3 DlC 4 973 5 CAR
sect] Page 171
Exercise A Finding Reference Materials Answers will depend on books available in your school library
Exercise B Using The Readers Guide 1 September 3 1984 2 Time 3 66 4 Apocalypse in the Alps 5 J Murphy
~ Page 172
Exercise A Recognizing the Many Uses of a Dictionary Answers will vary You may want to have students tally their answers and discuss unusual responses
Exercise B Using Your Dictionary Answers to 1 and 2 will vary 3 second 4 noun 5 focuses or foci
~ Page 173
Exercise A Recognizing Different Kinds of Di~cussions 1 symposium 2 round-table discussion group 3 committee 4 panel 5 symposium
Exercise B Planning a Group Discussion Answers will vary
~ Page 174
Exercise A Understanding Parliamentary Procedure 1 in England several hundred years ago 2 more than one half of the people voting 3 by allowing those in the minority to present their views and to change the minds of those in the majority 4 no 5 two-thirds
Exercise B More Work with Parliamentary Procedure Answers for question 5 will vary samples given 1 the agenda 2 yes 3 yes 4 a formal suggestion or proposal by a member that an issue be discussed and acted upon 5 A member introduces the motion Some other members second the motion The motion is disshy
25
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26
cussed The chairperson asks the members to vote on the motion
I 353 I Page 175
Exercise A Identifying Kinds of Speeches Answers will vary
Exercise B Giving a Speech Answers will vary
I 354 I Page 176
Exercise A Ustening for Important Informashytion Answers will vary
Exercise B Developing Critical Ustenlng Skills Answers will vary
26