(Approved by the NNC Governing Board 31 October 2012)

. . . Primary recommendations to promote good health through proper nutrition.

. . . They are simple statements that give advice on the consumption of foods and food components for which there are public health concerns

The improvement of the nutritional status, productivity and quality of life of the population, through adoption of desirable dietary practices and healthy lifestyle.

NGFMain advisory messages &Rationale

Eat a variety of foods every day to get the nutrients needed by the body.

Eat a variety of foods everyday to get the nutrients needed by the body.The human body needs more than 40 different nutrients for good health.

No single food can provide all the nutrients the body needs.

Eating a variety of foods from all the different food groups will supply the needed nutrients in the proper amount and balance.

GROW

Gives ENERGY

GROW FOODS For growth & body development

Makes us glow

Nutrients in FoodsProtein- Essential for growth and repair of body tissues

CarbohydratesMain source of energy3 major types of dietary CHO: Starch, sugar & fiber

Fats - Concentrated source of energy & helps absorb, transport and store fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E & K.

VitaminsHave specific roles and functions in the bodyClassifications:Fat soluble: Vitamin A, D, E, KWater soluble: C & B-complex vitamins

MineralsInvolved in a wide variety of biochemical processes within the body Categories:Macro-mineralsMicro-mineral

Nutrients in Foods

Vitamins & MineralsVitamin AThiaminRiboflavinNiacinBiotinPantothenic AcidCalciumChlorideChromiumCopperFlourideIodineIronMagnesiumManganeseMolybdenumPhosphorousPotassiumSeleniumSodiumSulfurZincVitamin B6Folic AcidVitamin B12Vitamin CVitamin DVitamin EVitamin K

Water

Most essential of all the nutrients Helps regulate temperatureTransport electrolytes and other nutrientsExcrete waste products from the vital organsLubricate jointsCushion the nervous systemNutrients in Foods

Breastfeed infants exclusively from birth up to 6 months then give appropriate complementary foods while continuing breastfeeding for 2 years and beyond for optimum growth and development.

Infants Exclusively Breastfed until 6th Months, by Province/City: 2011SOURCE: DOH Annual report, 2011

AREAINFANT AGED 6 MONTHS SEENEX. BREASTFED UNTIL 6th Month %CAR 27,42821,38077.95Abra 3,9713,72595.10Apayao 1,9641,62982.94Benguet 7,1026,34889.38Ifugao 3,7261,30635.05Kalinga 4,399 3,48379.18Mt. Province 2,648 1,93673.11Baguio City3,6722,95380.42

Why practice appropriate IYCF?The first two years is considered the most critical in the life the child.

The period where he or she is most at-risk to malnutrition as a result of poor feeding practices

Advantages of breastfeedingBreastfeedingHelps bonding and developmentHelps delay a new pregnancyProtects mothers healthCosts less than artificial feedingBreast milkPerfect nutrientsEasily digested;efficiently usedProtects against infection

ColostrumProperty Importance

Antibody rich- protects against allergy & infectionMany white cells- protects against infectionPurgative- clears meconium- helps to prevent jaundiceGrowth factors- helps intestine to mature- prevents allergy, intoleranceRich in Vitamin A- reduces severity of infection

Complementary foods"transitional foods

Appropriate foods that should be given to infants after the first 6 months of life, in addition to breastmilk,

PREVAILING COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING BELIEFS AND PRACTICESNo specific age as the right age to introduce complementary foodsThe child is not yet ready for complementary foods if he/she spits the foodPractice the giving of a ritual first food (igba) such as pork fat as early as three months to prepare the child's stomach to take other foodsA child must be made to taste other foods at about this age to promote a good appetite later in infancyThe mixing of other foods like fish, meat, or oil to a 6-month old child's lugao is not commonly practiced

PREVAILING COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING BELIEFS AND PRACTICESThe giving of fish was avoided because this would cause intestinal worms.Leafy vegetables should not be given before the age of 9 months, as this would not be digested or hard to digest.Do not give leafy vegetables as the child will have green stools, and that the nutrition of vegetables is in the broth.Fried foods given before 10 months would cause diarrheaGive oil as early as five months to the child to prevent his/her body from becoming dry.

TAMABy immediate skin-to-skin contact between mother & child after birthInitiation of breastfeeding within the first hour of lifeSAPATEncouraging and assuring mothers that little breastmilk is enough for the first week Frequent breastfeeding ensures continuous supply to respond the increasing needs of the babyEKSKLUSIBOGiving only breastmilk and no other liquid to the baby for the first 6 months

Eat more vegetables and fruits everyday to get the essential vitamins, minerals and fiber for regulation of body processes.

Why give importance to vegetables?Most Filipinos do not eat enough green leafy and yellow vegetables, and vitamin C-rich fruits consumption

Contribution to non-communicable diseases

Prevent micronutrient deficiencies

Health Benefits

Having vegetable gardens in the households can increase supply and availability of vegetables for the families

Source: 7th National Nutrition Survey, FNRI-DOST (2008)

1.7 million deaths attributed to low fruit and vegetable consumption

Low fruit and vegetable intake estimated to cause

- 14% of gastrointestinal cancer deaths- 11% of ischemic heart disease death- 9% of stroke deathsWorld Health Organization (WHO)Contribution to Non-communicable diseases

Prevent micronutrient deficienciesVitamin A Deficiency Disorders(VADD)Iron DeficiencyAnemia(IDA)Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD)

Health BenefitsDecrease bone lossHelp lower calorie intakeDo not contain cholesterolContain anti-oxidants and protectants

Having vegetable gardens in the households can increase supply and availability of vegetables for the families

Vegetable Gardening TechnologiesUrban Gardening Uses any type of container

Hydroponics method of growing plants without soil; uses mineral nutrient solutionsVegetable Gardening Technologies

FAITH (Food Always in the Home Gardening)

Organic backyard gardening designed to empower of 4 to 6 persons to produce 50 80% of their daily nutritional needs whole year round150 square meter lot with at least 24 kinds of vegetables, small fruit trees, small animals, medicinal herbs

Vegetable Gardening TechnologiesFence Gardening

Vegetable Gardening TechnologiesGarden in water-logged areas by making a floating garden

Vegetable Gardening TechnologiesMagic square garden 1 square meter lot area planted with MACK-P (malunggay, alugbati, camote, kangkong and pechay) or KPMS (kadyos, papaya, malunggay and sigarilyas

Consume fish, lean meat, poultry, egg, dried beans or nuts daily for growth and repair of body tissues.

Pre-formed Vitamin A- most efficient form of Vitamin A that in prevents VADD and xerophthalmiaVitamin B-ComplexHeme Iron- More efficiently absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron (iron from the plants)ZincValue of Animal Products

High-quality proteinHeme ironVitamin AZincCalcium (small fishes)IodineOmega 3 Fatty Acids (help prevent Coronary Heart Disease, stroke , cancers)

Value of Fish

Low in fatHigh in fiber (soluble fiber)Good source of ironGood source of Vitamin B-Complex

Value of Legumes, Dried beans & Nuts

Value of EggA nutrient-dense foodCheapest source of high quality proteinEating an egg a day is acceptable for health individuals

Consume milk and other calcium-rich foods such as small fish and shellfish, every day for healthy bones and teeth.

Role of CalciumMakes skeleton dense and strong (with protein & Vit. D)Essential for normal growth of skeleton and teethRegulates heartbeat and muscle contraction

Good sources of highly absorbable calcium, protein, vitamin ARich in riboflavin, vitamin B12 and phosphorusMilk and milk products

Other sources of calciumDILISSARDINESTOKWA/ TOFUALAMANGMALUNGGAY LEAVESSALUYOTALUGBATIMUSTASA

Consume safe foods and water to prevent diarrhea and other food and water-borne diseases.

Consume safe foods and water to prevent diarrhea and other food and water-borne diseases.Contaminated food and water are the usual source of infection such as cholera and other diarrheal diseases.

Consume safe foods and water to prevent diarrhea and other food and water-borne diseases.Philippines:

diarrhea is the 3rd leading cause of child illness and the 4th leading cause of deaths among children less than 5 year12% or almost 10,000 deaths a yearOnly 82% of households have access to safe water supply while only 77% have sanitary toilet facilities

CAR- Diarrhea is the 6th leading cause of illness

SOURCE: DOH Annual report, 2011

SOURCE: DOH Annual report, 2011

AREAHHs with Access to improved Safe Water Supply (%)HHs with Sanitary Toilet (%)CAR 75.5066.23Abra 97.2672.97Apayao 77.2365.64Benguet 27.1355.38Ifugao 89.2543.09Kalinga 90.6368.29Mt. Province 87.6758.24Baguio City91.4890.50

Food Safety- All conditions and measures that are necessary during the production, processing, storage, distribution and preparation of food to ensure that food is safe, sound, wholesome and fit for human consumption. (WHO/FAO)

Safe food- Free from biological, chemical or physical contaminants in amount or levels that may represent a hazard to health

Hazard the potential to cause an adverse or injurious effect when present beyond acceptable or tolerant levels.

Preventing food-borne diseasesPractice good personal hygiene.Drink safe water.Practice good housekeepingClean and sanitize environment. Practice pest control.Handle food safely.Read food labels.

Use iodized salt to prevent Iodine Deficiency Disorders.

IDD results from: Low intake of iodine in the dietPresence of goitrogens in food which inerferes with the normal absorption of iodine:- cabbage- cassava- carrots- turnips- red skin of peanuts- raddish- soybeansCook these foods well to reduce the effect of goitrogens

Effects of Deficiency of iodine in the dietGoiter (Enlargement of the thyroid gland)Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) Results to:- Cretinism among newborn- physical and mental under development- Neuromuscular defects- Stunting- Low IQ and diminished learning abilityHighly endemic areasMilder forms

IDDaffects economic and social development of affected areas and the country as a whole

Limit intake of salty, fried, fatty and sugar-rich foods to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

In CAR

Cardiovascular Diseases is the leading cause of death according to the DOH-CHD-CAR (2011)

TOO MUCH INTAKE

SALTY FOODSHigh blood pressureIncreases the risk:Heart diseasesStrokeOther diseasesFilipino diet contains excessive salt from soy sauce, MSG and other salty condiments during cooking or seasoning at the table

How to limit salt intakeEat natural foods with litlle or no added saltUse herbs and spices to naturally flavor or season food Limit intake of preserved and processed foodsLimit use of soup cubesLimit intake of salty meats and fishLimit addition of condiments Limit intake of salted snacksRead labels to find out the sodium content of packed or preserved food

Attain normal body weight through proper diet and moderate physical activity to prevent obesity and maintain good health.

Attain normal body weight through proper diet and moderate physical activity to prevent obesity and maintain good health Overweight prevalence has been climbing at the average rate of 0.67 percentage points per year from 1993 to 2008.

Obesity is a major risk factor of non-communicable diseases while underweight increases the risk to infection and diseases.

These problems are results of prolonged imbalanced energy intake and energy expenditure which later on may impose diseases and risks to ones well-being.

Healthy dietEmphasizes, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, root crops & fat-free or low fat milk Includes lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, egg & nutsIs low in saturated, trans fats, cholesterol, salt (sodium) & added sugars

Regular Physical ActivityAssist weight control or reductionHelp improve blood circulation, muscle tone and the efficiency of the heart and lungsHelps one to relaxCope with stressPromote sound sleepEnhances psychological well beingImproves self-esteemMaintains motivationReduces the risk of heart diseases, diabetes and high blood pressure

Be physically active, make healthy food choices, manage stress, avoid alcoholic beverage and do not smoke to help prevent lifestyle-related non-communicable diseases.

Be physically active, make healthy food choices, manage stress, avoid alcoholic beverage and do not smoke to help prevent lifestyle-related non-communicable diseasesAbout 93% of Filipinos failed to engage in regular leisure physical activity

1/3 of Filipino adults are smokers

27% are alcohol drinkers

Lifestyle related diseases like cardiovascular diseases, COPD, diabetes, cancer and kidney disorders are among the top leading causes of death today.Philippines

Be physically active, make healthy food choices, manage stress, avoid alcoholic beverage and do not smoke to help prevent lifestyle-related non-communicable diseasesTop Leading Causes of Mortality: CAR

Cardiovascular DiseasesPneumoniaCancerKidney DiseasesSenilityChronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseAccidentGunshot WoundsPeptic Ulcer DiseaseDiabetes MellitusSOURCE: DOH Annual report, 2011

Pilipinas Go4Health is the nationwide healthy lifestyle movement spearheaded by the Department of Health (DOH) and its partners.

For more information:

Visit us at :

NATIONAL NUTRITION COUNCILCordillera Administrative RegionDairy Farm Compound, Sto. Tomas Road, Baguio City

Call us at:

(074) 444-9874 / (074) 447-0892

Log on to:

http://www.nnc.gov.ph/regional-offices/car

www.facebook.com/NationalNutritionCouncilCORDILLERA

*****Do you still remember the basic food groups?****This is in support to the Executive Order 51 (Milk Code).

Only 1/3 of infants 0-5 months old were exclusively breastfed

There is a shorter mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding from 3.0 mos. in 2003 to 2.3 mos. in 2008.

**Complementary feeding is important, as this is a source of nutrients for the child, in addition to breastmilk when breastmilk can no longer give all the nutrient needs of the infants.

With continued breastfeeding and given the right complementary foods at the right time, children are assured of their right to adequate food for a healthy and active body. ****Eating a variety of vegetables together with fruits ensures adequate intake of most micronutrients, dietary fibers and host of essential non-nutrient substances*Decrease bone loss vegetables decrease the amount of calcium excreted in the urineHelp lower calorie intake maintains healthy weight since vegetables contain less caloriesAnti-oxidants and protectants strenthen the immune system; reduce the risk of diseases****Filipino households showed that consumption of protein was inadequate based on the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) of 80% of the Recommended Energy and Nutrient Intake (RENI).

Protein is a nutrient needed by the human body for growth and maintenance. It is the major structural component of all cells in the body, especially muscles.

*Pre-formed Vitamin A form of vitamin A that is directly utilized by the body -Heme-iron animal productsNon-heme iron from the plant; its absorption is aided by animal protein and Vit CTHUS, THE CONSUMPTION OF ANIMAL PRODUCTS INCLUDNG GLANDULAR ORGANS SHOULD BE EMPHASIZED IN INFANTS, CHILDREN, PREGNANT AND LACTATING WOMEN DIET.

Cholesterol is only found in animal products.*Pre-formed Vitamin A form of vitamin A that is directly utilized by the body -Heme-iron animal productsNon-heme iron from the plant; its absorption is aided by animal protein and Vit CTHUS, THE CONSUMPTION OF ANIMAL PRODUCTS INCLUDNG GLANDULAR ORGANS SHOULD BE EMPHASIZED IN INFANTS, CHILDREN, PREGNANT AND LACTATING WOMEN DIET.

Cholesterol is only found in animal products.**There is a consistent failure of Filipinos to meet dietary recommendations for calcium.

C

***Philippines: diarrhea is the 3rd leading cause of child illness and the 4th leading cause of deaths among children less than 5 years.It is estimated to cause 12% or almost 10,000 deaths a year according to the Department of Health (2011).

Only 82% of households have access to safe water supply while only 77% have sanitary toilet facilities

*Philippines: diarrhea is the 3rd leading cause of child illness and the 4th leading cause of deaths among children less than 5 years.It is estimated to cause 12% or almost 10,000 deaths a year according to the Department of Health (2011).

Only 82% of households have access to safe water supply while only 77% have sanitary toilet facilities

*In support to the RA 8172 (ASIN law)

There is high prevalence of IDD. Based on urinary iodine excretion of