Poliical comparison on USA, India & UK

7/30/2019 Poliical comparison on USA, India & UK

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COMPARISONOF POLITICAL

SYSTEMSOF USA, UK & INDIA


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Political System: the way a government makes policy &organizes administration.

Republic: Head of state is elected.

Democracy: Decision made by people collectively for thenation.

Representative: Decision making indirectly by the people.

Federalism: Power distributed Central Government &smaller internal units.

Constitutional: Nations Laws organized under writtenconstitution.


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UK POLITICAL SYSTEM:


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England, Scotland, Wales & Northern Ireland.

Constitutional Monarchy.

Unwritten Constitution.

Comprises of :

Queen (Monarch): Formal & Symbolic Head ofState.

Duties: Commander in Chief of all armed forces.Head of the Church of England.

Formally Summon & Dissolve Parliament.

Visit various states & other countries for common wealth.

o Prince Charles (Prince of Wales) heir to the throne.


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Parliament: Supreme Legislative Body & HighestAuthority. Comprises of :

House of Lords: Chosen through Hereditary & LifePeers/Peeresses.

Function: Law Making.

House of Commons: Elected in General Elections held in5 years.

Government: Formed by majority party in parliament.

Head appointed by the Queen.


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Cabinet: Executive Organ of the Government.

Comprises of Leading Ministers, Head of Government

Departments and 2ND largest party forms the Opposition.

Political Parties: Labour Party & Conservative Party.


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US POLITICAL SYSTEM:

US Government

Legislative

Congress

SenateHouse of

Representatives

Executive

President Cabinet

15 Departmentsunder Cabinets

Judicial

Supreme Court


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Federal System.

The Federal Government has three branches/arms: Legislative Branch

House of Representatives

Senate

Executive Branch

The President

The Cabinet

The Federal Departments and Agencies

Judicial Branch

The Supreme Court

Other Federal Courts


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Head of Government & Judiciary share powers.

Federal & State Governments share sovereignty.

Judiciarys Function is to interpret Constitution & federal

laws & regulations, resolve disputes between executive &

legislative.

State Governments:power to make laws for citizens,

bicameral legislature (except Nebraska).

Local Government: directly serve the needs of people,

Generally of 3 types: Mayor Council: Elected Chief of executive branch,

Elected Council representing neighborhoods forming

the legislative branch.


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Commission: Each commissioner supervises & set policies for

for one or more city departments.

Council Manager: Elected Council makes city ordinances and sets

policies but hires a paid administrator.

County Government:

Subdivision of State,

Two or more townships & several villages,

One of these is designated with County Seat,

Government offices, board of commissioners &

supervisors meet in the county seat.

Town & Village Government:Too small to qualify for city governments,

These are chartered as towns, villages and deal

with local needs.


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INDIA POLITICAL SYSTEM:


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INDIA POLITICAL SYSTEM: Parliamentary form of Government, which is bicameral.

28 states & 7 Union Territories.

Three Basic Pillars:

Legislature,

Executive,

Judiciary. Legislature:

Rajya Sabha: Elected by Legislatures,

1/3 seek election every 2 years,

not subject to dissolution,maximum 250 members,

12 nominated by president.

Lok Sabha: Maximum 552 members,

20 from UTs & 2 from Anglo Indian Community.


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INDIA POLITICAL SYSTEM: Executive:

President: elected by electoral college comprising of members of

both houses of parliaments & state legislatures,

advice, encourage & warn the elected government

on constitutional matters,

commander in chief of the armed forces,

state of emergency in which Lok Sabha extends.Council of Ministers: Comprises of Cabinet Ministers, Ministers

of State & Deputy Ministers.

Prime Minister acts as intermediate.

Vice President: Ex-Officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha,Elected by both the houses.


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INDIA POLITICAL SYSTEM: Judiciary: Guardian & Interpreter of Constitution,

Supreme Court: Comprises of Chief Justice & 30 associate

justices appointed on the advice of Chief Justice,The President may consult it in case of any

issue of fact or law of public importance.

High Courts: Chief Justice appointed by President in

consultation with Chief Justice of SupremeCourt & Governor of the State.

Lok Adalats: At the district levels.


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COMPARISON INDIA USA: Federalism:

In US the 10th Amendment states that

any powers not given to the nation by the Constitution are

reserved to the states.

In India State Government answerable to Central.

Corruption

Population 3rd party does not have much scope in US whereas, in India

sheer number of people uniting for a single cause form a party and start

influencing people in general.


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COMPARISON INDIA - UK Fundamental Continuty:

UK was last invaded by Normans in 1066 A.D.

Judiciary Authority:

India: Supreme Court in case of civil, criminal & constitutional cases,

UK has one for England & Wales,

one for Scotland &

one for Northern Ireland.

Status & Origin of Political Parties.


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COMPARISON US UK:

Presidential based No Cabinet Minister allowed

to be member of Congress

Not much Flexible

There are general elections

for officials, judges, head of

police depts.

Prime Minister based Every govt. minister must be

a part of either of the

houses

Flexible (customs, traditions

& practices) Only few Mayors & some

new innovations are elected

US UK


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THANK YOU

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Poliical comparison on USA, India & UK