PO lOX I SCHENECTADY. N Y IHQI GENERAL. ELECTRIC Ol,t,LC0UM 8•&33 COIIPCiflliltii£SV.ACHNIDOMlDPMEHT

CEB 406 september 6, 1988

Ronald F. Dasgroaeillie r a Mgr - Environmental Syat ema General Electric Company Bldg 11, Room 250 100 Woodlawn Ave

1 Pittatield, MA 01201

Dear Hr Oeagroaeilliera,

I aa writing to follow-up on your phone converaation ot Auquat 2, 1988 with Or. David Mobley, in which you requeated. additional intor.ation on GE'a aurtactant extraction proceaa tor PCB cleanup. I hope the following intoraation will anawer the queationa you aay have regarding the proceaa and our experi..ntal protocol.

My underatanding ia that you are intereated in aeeing the reaulta troa any PCB extraction• pertoraad on Roae aite aoil. All Dave haa explained to you, we have not yet done any extraction• on that aoil to date becauae we are awaitinq analyaia to detenaine what other contaainanta aay ba praaent in the aoil. In place of thia data I would like to aend you ao.. analytical reaulta troa the aoat recant extraction& we have run uainq Oakland alta aoil. 'l'haae aoat recant taata are aiailar to thoaa cited. in the 1988 GE Prograaa Report, except that the PCB content ot the atarting aoil ia auch higher (Jooo-•ooo ppa) in the lataat taata . The aannar in which thia aoi1 waa obtained troa the Oakland alt a ia outlined in a aaao troa Rodney Prick& ot Brown and Caldwell Conaulting Engineers. The aeao haa bean included with thia latter tor your convenience.

In the information packet you have been given Fiqures 1 and 2 ahow a proceaa scheaatic and ataga-by-staqa a nalysis with aaaociatad PCB aaaa balance of the extraction process cited in the 1988 report. In general the PCB content of the soil waa reduced from 100-168 to 18-2• ppm during these trials. Piqura J gives a summary ot the aame proceaa applie~ to Oakland soil having a higher PCB concentration. Here the PCB Concentration is reduced from J•oo to 85 ppm on average. There is one procesa difference between these runs. In the high PCB concentration case the soil slurry was heated to 60 C during processing instead ot run at room temperature .

The procedure used to prepare soil samples for tasting b ·given in Figura •. Figures 5a and 5b give representative GC curves from the analysis of the high c oncentration trials.

1:

Figure 5a shows the PCB content of the teed soil and 5b the content of the cleaned product soil. The surfactant extraction method shows no congener selectivity 1 reducing all PCB peaks equivalently. Please note that the samples for the teed soil are 20 times more dilute than those of the product soil to give proper resolution on the GC. The order of PCB reduction is therefore 20 times greater than seen vhually by comparing the heights of the peaks or areas under the curves in these fiqurea . The GC calibration curves used during this analysis appear in Figures 5c and 5d .

The GC analysis was done for ua by Bob Wagner. A brief aubary of the procedure for doing PCB quantification by gas c::hroaatoqraphy ia given in Figura 6. A list of Bob's publication• related to PCB characterization is included with thia intoraation packet.

Aqain, I hope thia intonation ia he l pful to you . I f you have any further queationa pleaae do not heait ate to call ua.

Mark R. Harkneaa Aaaociate Staff Engineer

c BROWN AND CALDWEll ~~ULTI;:;NG;;-E;;;N,;;G;;:IN;

Mr. John B. McDermott May 24,1988 Page2

The bocehole5 were backfilled with the cuttings using reverse rotation of the augers. The upper 1 root or each borehole was seaJed with concrete.

The augers aod sampling equipment were steam-cleaned in Building 21 to remove any residual PCBs. The clarified washwater will be disposed to the sump or the groundwater exb'ICtion and treatment system. The dried sediments will be properly disposed with other malerials brGE.

Lithologic Conditions

The lithologic conditions encountered durin& this work were similar to the conditions·

~~..;n~ c!,~'r, 0~ ~: rr:~u~f~h~~c:OOcon':~tO~r"ggra~:fy tO~~~0:~~~ The underlying material consists of soft, moist, gray to dark brown silty clay ro S feet below CJ'Ide. This material grades to a soft, moist, brown or tan silty to sandy clay below S feet. 1'be IS-gallon soil sample consisted of the brown clay material. Groundwater was not encountered in any of the boreholes.

PCB Scuoning

PCB tcreening using an..oR-N-SOn.. PCB screening kits was performed in the field on leleaed subsample5 from the lhrcc boreholes to provide an indication of PCB coocenlrllioai~ The Ofi.OR-N-SOn.. PCB screening ldu (Dexsil Corporation, Hamden, Connecticut) were designed to identify PCB Arochlor 1242 concentrations that are either

~below_.:.m~c ~ 'c~c=~~of':;:fc ~~~o~iuto~:fr;"~~ PCB conccruratioo. Because only Arochlor 1260 is present at the Oakland site, the deloclion level of lhe s=ening lciiJ would be r

Mr. John B. McDermott May 24, 1988 Page 3

The two results for Borehole 82 may be questionable because the borehole is located between Borehole S626 and Monitoring Well W613. PCB concentrations of six samples from these two previous location ranged from 520 to 6,100 mg/kg (average .. 2,400 mg/kg) at comparable depth intervals. The PCB screening results of Borehole 82 may have been affected by unused residual reagcm in the lase test tube. This excess reagent could have diluted the concentration of PCB in the final step of the screening test.

Sample Shipment

The lS-&allon sample was packed into three 5-gallon plastic buckets with metal lids crimpedonto the bucket PCB labels were affixed to each buclcct The three buckets were placed inside of a slurdf. plastic bag-lined, cardboard box on a wooden pallet. The box was filled with styrofoam chips and banded to the wooden pallet

If you have any questions, please conlaCt me at (916) 444-0123.

Vuy lnlly yoon,

BROWN AND CALDWELL

RodaeyA.I'ricke l'lojoctManqer

RAF:mrp

ec: Mr. Roo F. Descnneillien, Genen1 Electric Company, Massachusettes Mr. Karl F. Lathrop, General Electric Company, WuhingtOn Mr. David P. Mobley, General Eleclric Company, New York

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BROWN AND CALDWELL

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((///(((/((((//tttltll//(((/~}~';}////ltttllt///(/(((((//(/((((

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.., • •• @....

+...., ... •,., +- UswilL

+ Monitoring well •• 1980/81

•. •. @ •

Borehole •• 1980

R&D Borehole - 1985

• R&D Borehole - 1987

e R&D Borehole. - 1988

2foot

Figure I. Location M{j

----

PIGURB 1

SOIL WASHING PROCESS CONCEPT

CLEAN SOIL

OVERSIZE

MATERIAL

WATER

WATER

I\ PC B , \ CONTAINING /I

'....._ - ~I~E_..,..."" PCB / SOLUTION

,------, CARBON IWASTE

I FILTRATION !wATER ____J

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L

PCBS TO DISPOSAL

0 0

P'ICURB 2

BENCH -SC~LE PROCESS

Oakland-North Boring

160 9 Sol'n 1% SOBS 160 9 Sol'n 160 9 Sol'n 160 9 Sol'n 120 9 Sol'n 0 ppm PCB 1 ppm 2 ppm 7 ppm 17 ppm

crmoa1l aALI.YUSIIIINaY .loY n.oasta asmr

---

40 9 soil 40 9 soli 19 ppm 102 ppm PCB 50 % Solids

Feed: 100-168 ppm

Product: 18-24 ppm

c 0

FIGURE 3

I) OAKLAND SOIL EXTRACTION

Higher PCB Contamination

PROCESS OPERATION:

Temperature - sooc

Mixing Time - 20 min

Number of Stages - 4

Centrifugation - 1,000 x g

0 '•. PCB (ppm)

PRODUCT

3417 {3020-4248) 83 (41-149)

SOLIDS LOSS: 11.6%

0

r) FIGURE 4

SAMPLE PREPARATION PROCEDURE FOR GC PCB ANALYSIS - SOIL ANALYSIS

I. Feed Stock A. Obtain a small (2-l gram}, representative sample or feed

soil. B. Dry sample overnight in 60 C oven.

~: ~::~r~ro~~i~~.!":~1:.!~i~ ln~!": ~~~~~~· 20 ml vial. E. Add 10 ml of 50/50 acetone/hexane solution to extract PCB

from soil. Mix thoroughly using touch mixer. Allow to sit overnight for complete extraction.

F. Pipet 0.25 ml of acetonejhexanejPCB supernate into a 20 ml v ial and dilute with 10 al pure hexane. This will bring final dilution to a 800:1 aolve nt :aoil ratio by voluae solvent. Mix thoroughly using touch mixer.

G. Pipet 2 al sampl e into aaaple vial f or GC analysis.

II. Product Soil A. Centrifuge s oil slurry coainq from final stage of

extraction proceaa and a iphon ott aupernate material. B. Obtain a aaall (J-5 gram), aaaple of product soil. C. Dry aaaple overnight in 60 C oven. 0 . Cruah or grind aaaple into a fine powder. B. Meaaure 1 graa of aaaple into a aecond 20 ml vial. F. Add 10 al of 50/50 acetone/hexane aolution to extract PCB

froa aoil. Mix thoroughly uain9 touch aixer. Allow to ait overnight tor coaplete extraction.

G. Pipet 1.0 a l of acetonejhexane/PCB aupernate into a 20 ml vial and dilute with 4 al pure he xane . Thia will bring final dilution to a 40:1 aolve nt :aoil ratio by voluae aolvent. Mix thoroughly uainq touch aixer.

H. Pipet 2 al aaaple into aaaple vial for· GC analysis.

'" ,., ,,,

lhi' l ~2S~t=l "SR!'t"'- E. ~ :r;JtCiiO~ tt 21 :48 .;:.;L 2 8 t :. ~98 ;~"'?'-~ ; : :n 1:ant

3 7~oa AR,JC._Q~ ~26(1 ; :otCJERI"OT'r OAKLAH!I ~;r~ ;.: COMP~tiSATS.J f;NALYSIS

" " ..;

rtULil~LrE.R • 4 '3flf1PL~ Ai1 1)taiT = ~ . S

AROCHLOF? 1260 TOTA L PR: PS.PORT + ESTD PP. : ~UTO SE.Q OVEN TE.HP HOT Rt::\nV

38:79 . 93

.. ·-.. "

FIGURE SA GC CURVE FOR FEED SOIL

DILUTION IS 800: 1

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cmooaw aAL&.YlUoaumcav ~• 'JYSo.ata asoa:

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FIGURE 58 I"D l ~dS0A $R"?LE.~ lNJ~CTIOt-1@ 21:30 J 'Jl 2:7, 1938 GC CURVE FOR PRODUCT SOIL

;,:o~?L~ i iD CCD E. DIWTION IS 4 b: 1 . 719R' ~~·J.:'_O~ i.2SS ; ~CDER"OTT .JAKi...AHD

E.HJ % CONPE~SAT!..D ANALYSIS

"1ULT!PLH.~ • 9 .4

S.::it1?L~ fii10U~IT = 1

. MRrJC:HLOrl 1260 TOT?IL .., 55.9993

?R: ~~?tJ~T + :.STD

':)R: GIJ10 $EQ

JYEH iE.rtP HOT READY

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".., "' "'·e,.. "' ;;

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~ aAUYlU.I'liDiaY ~ "Jft0.81Q U011

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(no] '58801=\ $AP'I PL'!Il I !-OJ E. CTION I! u:;: 17 JUL 28, !. 938

~MP'IPLE # : ID COD E. FIGURE 5C

1 ! ::!69 / 1 GC CALIBRATION CURVE ., AROCHLOR 1260 - 1 PPMA~OCLUR 1269 ; 11CDER,0Ti OAKLAND•n E.STD COHPEHSP. TED AHP.LYSIS.,;

RR:CCHL GR 1260 TOTAL • 1. 11576 P!i: . REPORT .,.. "ESID. PR: AIJ TO SEQ

" GYE:-1 TE.HP HOT READY

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~ j~:. ~ ;~ .i ,..; .•; .;. I ') ~!!

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("'IP] ~EISttA SAHPLE.R II'IJE.CTIOH i 11:22 FIGURE 50 SMI'IPLE i : iD CODE. GC CALIBRATION CURVE

2 1269/19 .. AJtOCl(l.DR 1260 - 10 PPM M ,., !~ .."' AROCLOR 1269 j "CDERI'IOTT OAKLAND :;:

ESTD C011PEHSATED AHALVSlS ... .. ... ,., ~ N~.. "' .." 00 "' N

"' '" r1t! LTI?LI£.R "' 1

FiROCHLOR 12613 TOTAL • 10.1.542 ." :.HD OF P~OGRA" ;;;

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FIGURE 6

PCB Quantification by Gas Chromatography

The prepared soil PCB extracts were analyzed by gas chromo.tosraphy with clecuon capture detection. The following is a list of chromatoaraphic parameters utilized for the analysis.

· Gas Chromatogr3ph: li/ P 58SOA with 767 1 autosamplcr and ECD Injection temp. : JOOc Detector temp. : 300c Column profile: 160c to 220c at 2c/minutc

hold for 30 minutes column : Supelco mixed phase pesticide column

2 meter by 4 mm I.D., packing 1.5'1. SP-22$0 J l.9S•t. SP-240 1

Orricr Gas : 50,~ methane in argon, 60 ml/min Injection volume : 1 microliter

Soil PCB concentrations were determined by external nandard quo.ntitation usina the method of Webb and McCall. This method rci)'S on usina Aroclors as standards and assianina weiaht percent values to chrom.;ttoaraphic:llly separated pe3ks, thereby performing a ·peak by peak· quantitation. In-house aroclor stancbrds were used for eulibration. Thc:sc standards were verified against EPA certified QA/QC standards and NOS reference standards and were found to be in aood acrecmcnt for polttem m:uch and concentration.

EXtl

Publication• and Oral Pruentatlons

1. J, P. Bcown, R. ! , Wagnec, D. L. Be4acd, II . J. Bnnnan, J. C. C.cnahan, R. J. Mly, and '!'. J. 'lbffle•lce, •PCB Tran.tocNtiona in ~c BJdaon Sedl•ntl, Nocthe11t 8wicon•ntal Sc ienc:e, Yol. 3 , No . 384 , p. 167-119, uu.

2. a. z. Wagnec and J , c. Cunahan, •c.plllacy GC-Quan-titatlon of Polychlocinated Biphenyls , Pnaented befoce the Vat'ian Olco..tognphy S~1iua, Apcll 1914.

2. a.J. Viviec and R. !. wagner, •Gaa OlrONtoqcapby Dlta Reduction Sottwua•, Me., Repoct IMC.-15-02:4, Clau 2:, Macch 1915.

4 . J . P. kown, Jc. , R. I, 114gnec, D. L. ledacd, II . J . kennan, J. C. Cunahan, a, J. Kay, and '!'. J. !bftla•in, •PCB Dlchlodn11t.ion in Upper aa4mn Sldi•nta•, Prllented befoca the Di•hion of 8\¥1conaental O.•iltcy, AMdcan O.•lcal Society lltth lltional MHtint, Mia•i, rlorlda, \bl. 25, 110. 1, Papec fU, p. 35-37, April 29- Nay 3, 1915.

s. R. I. lfetnec, J. c. CArnahan and R. J. May, •caubraUon Method for PCI Analyda by c.,ulary OC and llectron Ctptura Dttectton•, Praaantad before the Di•ilion of lc\alytical a...tatry , AMrican 01•1cal Society 11ttb 111tlonal MHtlntr llla•t, Plocida, P.per UOl, ~ril 21 - May 1, 1915.

7. a. B. Magner and J . C. Carnahan, •Aft Internal standard for Capillary oc Analyaia of PCB llb:turea•, Praaented before tba Di'lilion of lc\alytlcal O.Uhtry, J18atican O.a•lcal Society 119tb 111tional MHtint, Mia•t, nocida, Paper U02 , llprtl 21 -May 1, 1915 .

I , D, L. Bedard, L. B. Bopp, M. J. Brennan, R. !, kookl, J. P. Bcown, J. C. Carnahan, D. T. Glb110n, II. L. Haberl , C. John.on, S. 8. Lockvood, Jt. L. tong ley, R. J.' May, D. P. Mobley, L, M. llldlu•, II . J , Schockar, T. Su, a. \)\tlrun, a. !. lfagnec, and G. If. Yeager, General· Blectrlc O:.~any Ruaarch and Dtvelop•nt .Prqgru for the Dtatructlon of PC'h, Paurth Pr09.rua Report, 6/1/14-6/1/15.

9. R. I. Wagner and J . c. carnahan, •t.n Internal Standard for capillary OC Malylla of PCB llbctuna•, Pre..nted before tht General Blectrtc O;Mtipany-wtde Mltarlall O'lanctetiution Syllpo,tlua, 7th Meetlnq, April 22:-24, 1985.

I I I I

Jlrll •••(.I"~I 'ir'l (,lr!Ji..,1 l

I

10 . R. E. Wagnec and J . c. Cunahan, •rntecnal Standud foe C.pillary GC Analyah of PCB Mixtuces •, Pru ented befoce the Vutan 0\ro-.tognphy Syllpollua, Karc h 1985 ,

11 . J , P. Bcovn, J r., D. L . Bedard, L . B. Bopp, J . C. Cl.rnaha.n, Jt, W, Uvton , Jt. o. lhtec~~~an, and a. E. Wagner , •fluun and Dl.vironMntal Biodegradation of PCa.•, Presen t ed btfore the !PRI PCB Confe cenee, S..ttle, Nuh ing t on, Octobe r 22, 191!15 ,

12. J . r . Brown, Jr., o. L. Bedard , J . C, CA rnahan, R. w. Uvton , R. 1. Wagner , •awironMntal Dechlorination o f PCB• , Ptuented befor e the Socie ty for Dwlron.ntal 1'bxieology . and Oteaht ry Me,e t ing , St . touh, MiSicurt , M::N'ellber 11 , 1985.

191!16 '

13 . J . r. Brovn, Jr., R. !, Wagner, •Jrotychlorinatad Biphenyl IPCB) MolleMnt aM TUnafor•tion in Acushnet r.tuary s.di•nta•, 9/26/11 . A draft •nu-=rtpt prepar-" tor 11.1'1 Mrovox ())rporation and G.;t'KIP to be eventually vrlttan into tvo or .ore 8Clenttfic paper diecrlpting the abcwe title.

U . D. L. W.rd, M. J, Brennan, I . I, lhltner, M, L, a.berl, and J. P. Brown, Jc., •~t~tenaive Dtgrad.ltion of Acoelora and Dwiconantally 'l'nnafor-.4 PCIII by~~ .!ll!,•, Applied and.,_ vtronMnU.l Mlccobioloqy , "'1. 5](5), p. 1101-1112, May 1917,

u. J. r. llr'ovn, Jt., a. 1. watner, 1. w.rw;, o. L. Be4ard, M. J . Brennan, J. c. carnahan, and a. J. May, •awtron•nU.l Dechlorination of IC'III•, lrlvlron•ntal 'lbdcolo9y and 0\•btry, "'1. 6(1), p. 57t-5tl, AuCJUat ltl7 ,

16, J , r. llr'own, Jr . , D, L. le4ard, M. J . Brennan, J. c. C:.rn.ah.t.n, B. hnt, a, 1. Wagl'- p..~~ \-\""''"" '·, i'>