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7/28/2019 Pioneers in Education
1/12
MEH 2001
Pioneers in Education
Chapter 4
7/28/2019 Pioneers in Education
2/12
MEH 2001
Jan Komensky - Comenius
He believed that universallyshared knowledge wouldstimulate love for wisdom andusher in peace for all mankind
Forerunner of pupil centeredclassrooms
Respected childrens needsDidnt hurry children let themlearn on their own pace
7/28/2019 Pioneers in Education
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MEH 2001
Comenius Teaching
Principles Pictures and illustrations
Practical life
Direct and simple presentation
General principles before details
All creatures and objects part of universe
Sequence one thing at a time Dont move on until students understand
7/28/2019 Pioneers in Education
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MEH 2001
John Locke
Linked politics and education
In order to self-govern, must be
educated
Tabula rasa blank slate
Empiricism knowledge
acquired by the senses
Scientific method
7/28/2019 Pioneers in Education
5/12
MEH 2001
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Stages of Development
Infancy Birth to 5
Childhood 5 to 12 Boyhood 12 to 15
Adolescence 15 to 18
Education vs. Schooling School was bad for children negative
influence
7/28/2019 Pioneers in Education
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MEH 2001
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
Loving caring environments inschools
Children learn in a loving non-hurried manner
Emphasis on Object lessons
Deal with concrete then
abstract; immediateenvironment then distant; easythen complex; alwaysgradually, cumulatively & slowly
7/28/2019 Pioneers in Education
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MEH 2001
Friedrich Froebel
Idealism with Nationalism
Time of unification of
German townshipsKindergarten
Not standard education
Games activities
imagination play
Need to stimulate the childs
brain to learn
7/28/2019 Pioneers in Education
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MEH 2001
Herbert Spencer
Social Darwinism Survival of the fittest
Competition
Public Schools a monopolyof mediocrity
Utilitarian Education based
on useful scientific andpractical objectives
Activities based learning
7/28/2019 Pioneers in Education
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MEH 2001
John Dewey
Progressivism
Student centered focus on
physical education focus onhome involvement focus onchilds needs
Scientific method
Knowledge was not inertinformation
Liberating environments inschools
7/28/2019 Pioneers in Education
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MEH 2001
Maria Montessori
Early Childhood Education
Feminists challenging
traditional roles of women ineducation
Three types of activity and
experience
Practical Sensory Formal
Desired skill mastery
7/28/2019 Pioneers in Education
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MEH 2001
Jean Piaget
Developmental Stages Sensorimotor 18 months
two years
Preoperational two yearsseven years
Concrete operations sevenyears eleven years
Formal operations elevenyears fifteen years
Exploratory learning
Informal learning situations
7/28/2019 Pioneers in Education
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MEH 2001
Ivan Illich
Social and economic
change
DeschoolingProblems with schools
Educational monopoly
consumeristic exaggerated
teacher authority
Learning outside of school