Physical Science

Periodic Table

Periodic table

• Groups – vertical columns and have similar properties

• Period – horizontal rows, properties vary across a period

Periodic table

Letter

A – main group elements

B – transition metals

Periodic table

Periodic table

• Alkali metals – first group,

very reactive

• Alkaline earths – second group

• Halogens – group seven (17)

very reactive

• Noble gasses – group 8 (18)

non reactive

Periodic table

Periodic Trends

Atomic Size – due to the number of shells of electrons and their attraction to the nucleus

Atoms become Smaller

Periodic Trends

Ionization energy – The energy required to remove an electron from an atom

Greater Ionizationenergy

Periodic Trends

Electronegativity – how attracted an atom is for a pair of shared electrons

more electronegative

Periodic Trends

Density of atoms – mass/volume

Greater Density