Periodic Table Organization and Properties

Periods, Groups and Categories

•Highlight and label the zig zag line

What are periods and groups?

• The periodic table is further divided into periods and groups.

• Each horizontal row is called a period.

• Each vertical column is called a group.

Color the group title and label all 18 groups in the same color with arrows

Groups are up and down

12

3

Color the period title and label all 7 periods in the same color with arrows

Periods are side to side

123

WHERE ARE THE METALLOIDS LOCATED?

On the zigzag line. Color all of the table tiles (in white below) the same color.

WHERE ARE THE METALS LOCATED?

On the left side (not Hydrogen)Color all of these table tiles the same color

WHERE ARE THE NON-METALS LOCATED?

INERT GASES INCLUDED

On the right plus HydrogenColor all of these the same color

Check for Understanding:

• After you pick up the light green sort, find these 3 cards: metals, metalloids, non metals

• Place the label cards into three categories according to their position on the periodic table

• Sort the rest of the cards into one of the three categories

• Raise your hand when you finish

How is the periodic table organized?

• The periodic table organizes the elements according to how they combine with other elements (chemical properties).

• The periodic table is organized in order of increasing atomic number.

Groups…Here’s Where the Periodic Table Gets Useful!!

• Elements in the same group have similar chemical and physical properties!!

• (Mendeleev did that on purpose.)

Why??• They have the same

number of valence electrons.

• They will form the same kinds of ions.

What are physical properties?

• Characteristics that you can see through direct observation are called physical properties.

• Physical properties include color, texture, density, brittleness, and state (solid, liquid, or gas).

• Melting point, boiling point, and specific heat are also physical properties.

What are chemical properties?

• Properties that can only be observed when one substance changes into a different substance are called chemical properties.

• Any change that transforms one substance into a different substance is called a chemical change.

WHAT DOES THE ZIG ZAG LINE DO?

The Zig Zag line….

• ….separates the metals and the nonmetals.

• …. is where you find the metalloids.

Label the periods and groups:notice the atomic number increases with each

Atomic Number increasesPeriods are side to side

Groups are up and down

Label the Metals and Non metalsShow where the metals and non-metals are located by color coding them on your handout

WHAT ELEMENTS MAKE UP THE MAJORITY OF THE PERIODIC TABLE?

WHERE ARE THE METALS LOCATED?

On the left side (not Hydrogen)

SCAVENGER HUNT

• Fold your paper in half (hot dog style)• Put letters A – M on the left side• Put letters N – Z on the right side• See if you can find an object made of

metal for each letter of the alphabet• Objects can be on your body, in your backpack,

or in the classroom• GO!

A

l

M

Z

WHAT ARE SOME PROPERTIES OF

METALS?

Properties of Metals

• Shiny and silvery

Properties of Metals

• Shiny and silvery• Hard, Malleable, Ductile

HARD

MALLEABLE: they can be shaped or hit with a hammer without breaking into pieces

DUCTILE: they can be bent multiple times without breaking

Properties of Metals

• Shiny and silvery• Hard, Malleable, Ductile• High Melting Points (it takes a

HIGH temperature to melt)

HIGHEST

1200 Degrees to melt Silver!

Properties of Metals

• Shiny and silvery• Hard, Malleable, Ductile• High Melting Points• Good thermal conductors (heat

moves through metal quickly)

Properties of Metals

• Shiny and silvery• Hard, Malleable, Ductile• High Melting Points• Good thermal conductors• Good electrical conductors (electricity

moves through metal quickly)

WHERE ARE THE NON-METALS LOCATED?

INERT GASES INCLUDED

On the right plus Hydrogen

WHAT ARE SOME PROPERTIES OF THE

NON-METALS?

Non-metals have properties opposite of

the metals

Opposite of the metals

• Dull (not shiny) or transparent

Opposite of the metals

• Dull(not shiny) or transparent• Fragile (not strong)

Not strong

Opposite of the metals

• Dull(not shiny) or transparent• Fragile (not strong)• Low melting points

LOWEST

Opposite of the metals

• Dull(not shiny) or transparent• Fragile (not strong)• Low melting points• Bad conductors• Low Density

POOR

CONDUCTORS

WHERE ARE THE METALLOIDS AND WHAT ARE THEIR PROPERTIES?

Metalloids• Are between the metals and the non-metals

• They sometimes have properties like metals and sometimes like non-metals.

• Color all of the metalloids the same color

Continue your learning

• Use your Cornell notes from this presentation to fill in the Periodic Table Properties Chart.