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8/10/2019 Phi Volcanoes
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Geology and Remote Sensing ofMt. Pinatubo & Taal Volcanoes,
the Philippines
Peter Mouginis-Mar
!ni"ersity of #a$aii pmm%pgd.ha$aii.edu
Work funded by NASAs
Solid Earth and Natural Hazards Program
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'()T*'+ ' V'()+'S*+ T# P#**PP*+S
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andsat co"erage/obtained o"er 0 different days1
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Mt. P*+)T!2' R!PT*'+S
3une 4554
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Prior to eruption
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umaroles on flans, )pril 4554
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3une 46th, 4554 eruption
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Giant pyroclastic flo$s, 3une 47th 4554
form off of collapsing eruption column
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The "ie$ from space "ia the
3apanese GMS-7 geostationary satellite
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arly effects on the ground
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Sediment-laden ri"ers
destroy roads & bridges
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Ma8or landscape changes9 Pyroclastic flo$s
in-filled pre-e:isting ri"er "alleys /the peas
in t$o "ie$s belo$ are the same feature1
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)*R P#'T'S
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Summit caldera of Mt. Pinatubo, +o". 4555.
The lo$-point in the rim is a future ha;ard
as the lae $ill e"entually o"er-top here.
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Typical "ie$ of eastern flan, +o". 4555
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rosion of ignimbrite fan on
+
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rosion of ri"er "alley on the
northern flan, +o". 4555
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Sediment fills "alley floor do$nslope
on lo$er . flan +o"ember 4555
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=etail of lahar-filled "alley
. flan, +o". 4555
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GR'!+= P#'T'S
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:ploring eroded "alley, S< flan
+o". 4555
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(rossing the sediment-laden streams is a
real challenge> So much sediment is in these
streams that they easily noc you o"er.
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Valley erosion can be e:treme in places9
!p to 6? m do$n-cutting during onetyphoon> This mosaic sho$s the remains of
the 4554 deposit /$hite unit1 that has been
cut by younger flash floods
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rosion $ithin
the 4554 deposit
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rosion of 4554 deposit
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)ma;ing
landscapes>
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Vegetation is starting to gro$ bac on $estern
fan. Summit of Mt. Pinatubo in bacground
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@)#)RSA /M!='
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Ma8or changes in "alley floor ele"ation after
single lahar has formed after typhoon.
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The impact on "illages $ithin the path
of a lahar can be e:treme
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)n old church has been partially-buried so
that you no$ enter on the 6nd floor. Ronnie
Torres sho$s the church prior to the lahars.
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Giant dies made from old lahar and co"ered $ith
concrete no$ try to protect areas from ne$ lahars
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The contrast bet$een areas protected by the
dies and unprotected is striing -- and itBs
all an issue of insurance for rede"elopment>
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Some homes, once buried by lahar, and
no$ being e:posed by recent erosion
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RM'T S+S*+G
=)T)
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andsat
Path 44C
Ro$ 7?
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R)=)RS)T radar bacscatter image
of Mt. Pinatubo, ebruary 455D
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SP'T image of Mt. Pinatubo =ecember 4554
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R)=)RS)T radar bacscatter image
of $estern fan of Mt. Pinatubo
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(lar )ir 2ase9 R)=)RS)T
standard beam data set /67 mEpi:el1
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SP'T data of Mt. Pinatubo summit
area soon after the eruption
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(omparison of
+< Summit
from SP'T data
obtained bet$een
4554 and 455D
Red sho$s
"egetation,
the ash deposits
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(hanges in Mt. Pinatubo lahar deposits.
o$er Pasig-Potrero Ri"er 4554 - 455C
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RS-4 radar bacscatter image of
Pasig-Potrero Ri"er sho$ing
lo$-bacscatter lahar deposits
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Shaded relief image
of lahar fans S of
Mt. Pinatubosummit from
+)S) T'PS)R
topographic data
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+ighttime andsat thermal data
of Mt. Pinatubo sho$s $arm streams
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T)) V'()+'/8ust south of Manila1
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R)=)RS)T
scansar beam 4
/7? mEpi:el1
image of Taal
Volcano and
surrounding
area
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Space Shuttle radar
/S*R-(EF-S)R1
multi-$a"elength/0, 7.C and 6 cm1
image of northern
part of Taal Volcano
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Vie$ of ae Taal and Volcano
*sland from north rim, +o". 4555
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+< corner of ae Taal
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'"er ,??? people li"e $ithout permission
on the shores of Volcano *sland
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*n the e"ent of an eruption of Taal,
all the population $ould ha"e to
lea"e Volcano *sland "ia small boats
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Vie$ of the "olcanic lae in middle
of Volcano *sland /middle of ae Taal1
* ll 4555 thi t
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*n all 4555, this "ent on
Volcano *sland $as acti"ely geysering.
*t $as Huiet in +o"ember 4555.
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(lose-up "ie$
of recently acti"e
"ent on Volcano
*sland, in the
middle of
Taal Volcano
d th i f T l l
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"en around the rim of ae Taal, people
and their fish farms are at ris from
tsunamis generated by eruptions.