PhD Boris Dumnić University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences

Centre for Renewable Energy Sources and Power Quality dumnic@uns.ac.rs

64%

16%

12%

4%

Biomass

Hydro Power

Solar power

Wind power

Geothermal

46%

23%

17%

9%

3%

1%

1%

Wind power - 500 MW Hydro Power (> 10MW) - 250 MW Hydro Power (< 10MW) - 188 MW Biomass - 100 MW Biogas - 30 MW Solar power - 10 MW Landfill gas - 10 MW Waste – 3 MW Geothermal - 1 MW

Review and potential of the biomass and biogas market

• The statistic data are available for four regions: Vojvodina, Belgrade, Sumadija and Western Serbia, Southern and Eastern Serbia ;

• Agricultural biomass implies different categories of residues (harvest, orchard/vineyard cuts, energy crops, fast grow. forests);

• Defining the real potential of agricultural biomass is performed using following categories: Theoretical potential, Technical potential (22 – 65 % of theoretical potential), Sustainable potential (90% of technnical potential), Potential for energy purposes;

• NAP potential - 1.7 Mtoe;

Crop T

Area,

1,000 ha

Big farms,

1,000 t

S&M farms,

1,000 t

Sustainable potential -

harvest residues, 1,000 t

Energy potential -

harvest residues, 1,000 t

Big farms S&M farms Big farms S&M farms

Wheat ↓ 797 178 619 374 1,08 355 970

Ray ─ 8.6 0.8 7.8 2 14 2 14

Barley ─ 135 46.6 88.4 80 154 80 138

Corn ↑ 1,358 133 1,225

s 130 s 735 s 130 s 660

c 15 c 1,200 c 15 c 1,200

Sunflower ─ 160 74.9 85.1 0 0 0 0

Soybean ↑ 83 54.8 28.2 105 50 105 50

Oil rape ↑↑ 1.4 0.7 0.7 2 2 2 2

Total:

708 3,235 689 3,034

3,943 3,723

T - trend of the change of growing area; c – corn cobs; s – corn stover;

Crop

Area,

1,000 ha

Total mass,

1,000 t

Sustainable potential -

harvest residues, 1,000 t

Energy potential -

harvest residues, 1,000 t

Big farms S&M farms Big farms S&M farms

Wheat 298 1.12 264 320 250 280

Ray 1.5 4.5 1 1 1 1

Barley 48 155 52 50 48 45

Corn 637 3,288

s 114 s 310 s 110 s 280

c 10 c 360 c 10 c 330

Sunflower 172 680 0 0 0 0

Soybean 128 620 150 130 150 130

Oil rape 4.2 17.6 6 5 6 5

Total 5,885.1

597 ca. 1,176 ca. 575 ca. 1,071

1,773 1,646

c – corn cobs; s – corn stover;

Statistical regions Number of cattle

Number of pigs

Number of poultries

Total CU

Theoretical potential

MWe

Belgrade 53,180 202,701 1,163,213 86,144 9.7

Vojvodina 252,434 1,398,496 11,490,232 487,487 55.7

Sumadija and West Serbia

413,759 1,151,391 9,068,158 606,418 70.3

South and East Serbia

188,729 654,730 4,072,745 295,899 33.7

Serbia total: 908,102 3,407,318 25,794,348 1,475,947 169.4

•Different scenarios is proposed for share of energy crops: Scenario 1 – 60%, Scenario 2 – 40%;

•Scenario 1 - overall electric energy potential is 424 MWe; •Scenario 2 - overall electric energy potential is 282 MWe; •Size of farms (determined with minimum number of

animals which providing enough feedstock) is key parameter; •Significant difference occurs between the total CU and

the CU on large farms only, suitable for biogas production;

Statistical regions CU at large

farms

Technical potential, MWe

Manure / slurry

Scenario 1 Scenario 2

Belgrade 60,500 6.9 17.3 11.5

Vojvodina 212,000 24.2 60.5 40.3

Sumadija and West Serbia

36,000 4.1 10.2 6.8

South and East Serbia 24,000 2.7 6.8 4.5

Serbia total 332,500 37.9 94.8 63.1

• The sustainable potential is almost same as the technical and it is presumed that 90 % of technical potential can be realized.

• According to government project from 2014, a public warehouse for biomass is built in Apatin;

• It is predicted that annual capacity of warehouse in Apatin should be 100,000 tons;

• Another benefit of the location is nearby river port, which would allow the transportation of biomass on far distances;

• The construction of other warehouses such as this one is planned;

• Selection of appropriate location: Collecting 30 – 100 km, Farms larger than 5 ha, Transportation;

• Victoria Logistic – the biggest supplier of biomass in Serbia with logistical network: 12 silos, port at Danube, distribution center;

• Republic of Serbia is cosidered a state with medium area covered with forests – 29.1% of total area: Vojvodina – 7.1%, Central Serbia – 37.6%;

• Other woody vegetations (shrubs and scrubs) cover 4.9% of total area;

Forestlands 2.25 million ha

Wood volume 362.49 million m3

Average volume 161 m3/ha

Annual growth 9.08 million m3

Average growth 4 m3/ha

Tall forests surface/volume 27 %/43 %

Outgrowth forests surface/volume 65 %/50 %

Plantations surface/volume 8 %/7 %

Conifer forests 19 %

Deciduous forests 81 %

State-owned surface/volume 53 %/61 %

Private-owned surface/volume 47 %/39 %

Annual deforestation 4.6 million m3

Technical use/heating use/rest 43 %/45 %/12 %

• Exploitation of agricultural biomass is approximately 400 ktoe in Serbia (around 200 ktoe in Vojvodina – 1,5% of total consumption);

• Agricultural biomass is mostly used for heating; Sremska Mitrovica - 18 MW, Sojaprotein, Bečej – 15 MW, Mladost, Šid – 10 MW;

* Temporary privileged

Name Location Installed power (MW)

Altech Senta 1,738

Lazar Blace 0.999

Mirotin 1 Vrbas 0.990

Čurug Čurug 0.635

Mirotin 2 Vrbas 0.500

Bioelektra Zrenjanin 0.600

Gakovac * Bačka Topola 2

Alibunar Alibunar 3,57

BGS GAMA BP Bač 0.650

BGS BETA BP Bač 0.650

Globalseed 2 * Čurug 0.635

Drlja * Bačka Palanka 0.999

Blok A * Bogatić 0.500

TOTAL 14.466

Investor

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DSO

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DSO

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Construction of distribution

facilityApplication

for connection to grid

Decision on approving the

connection to grid

No

Testing prior to commissioning

Commissioning

Contract on takeover and delivery of

electricity

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distribution grid

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connect to grid

Typical single line diagram -

SPP connection

Thank you for your attention. Questions?