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PG- 54 WWII BeginsPG- 54 WWII Begins*Please remember that “*” means *Please remember that “*” means you DO NOT have to write it down. you DO NOT have to write it down. These are NOTES for Mrs. Rousseau!These are NOTES for Mrs. Rousseau!
Pre-War Foreign Policy-we focused on domestic issues
-extreme anti-war feelings
“Merchants of Death”- greedy bankers & arms dealers dragged the US into WWI
-FDR’s Good Neighbor policy in Latin America-
-Neutrality Acts
forbids arms sales or loans to warring nations
-1937 Roosevelt gives Quarantine speech isolationist, alternative to war
Prelude to War-Japanese Aggression: *need to
expand 4 a growing population
Manchuria, China, *militarist launched a surprise attack & seized control, 2xs as big as TX, rich
China
Emperor Hirohito----Hideki Tojo
-Italy____________________Fascism : gov’t that places interest
of the state above individualsBenito Mussolini , appealed to I’s
wounded pride, played on the fear of economic collapse & communism
Prelude to War
-Rise of Germany
Failed Weimar Republic
Hitler: *Jobless WWI Vet, joins Socialist “Nazi Party”, become leader
- promises to bring G out of Great Depression
- Wrote “Mien Kampf”= “My Struggle”: plan of action 4 Nazi Party, Extreme Nationalism
- Born in Austria, had a dream of uniting all G speaking peoples into a great Empire & enforcing Purification (to form a Master race)
-Anticommunism
Adolph Hitler & Third Reich:
(3rd G Empire, 1000 Year Reign)
Nazi Political Party #1 1932
- *Many unemployed turned to H as last hope, joined his “Storm Trooper” army 1933: H appointed Chancellor
Bo burnham- little Adolph totBo burnham- little Adolph tot
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V58CXaGzOkQ
Lil hitler: Adult swim
Prelude to War
-Russia (USSR) Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin “Man of Steel”
-Establishes Communist Gov’t
*Gov’t Controls EVERYTHING
*Stalin wanted to establish a Great Industrial Nation, bigger than the US
*Enacted famous 5 year plan,1937- SU was 2nd only to the US as a great Industrial Power
*Caused over 13 Million Deaths by working people to death, great famines
Appeasement-Kellogg-Briand Pact
-Hoover-Stimson Doctrine
refuse to recognize lands taken by force
-German rearmament
-Taking of the Rhineland
-Austria
-Munich Peace Conference
-American Neutrality
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5gOffRA4Zbs
Appeasement :Giving up principles to pacify an Aggressor-Kellogg-Briand Pact ;war cannot
be used as an instrument of Foreign Policy
-Hoover-Stimson Doctrine
refuse to recognize lands taken by force
-German rearmament: Drop out of League of Nations
-Taking of the Rhineland ->
->-Munich Peace Conference, appeased G in order to maintain Peace once again, H promises it would be last territorial demand
*Winston Churchill, ‘It was a shameful policy, B & F choose btw war & dishonor, They choose dishonor, they WILL have war.”
American Neutrality
Europe at War
-Japanese are invading China, 1937
-Germany annexes Austria, 1938
why?: 1.land 2.A’s are G speaking & many are okay with it
*The world does NOTHING
-Germany takes Czechoslovakia, 1938 – and turns his eyes to Poland – could mean a conflict w/SU (Russia)
-Germany-Russia sign non-aggression treaty, 1939 – will not attack each other, but will secretly divide Poland
-Germany attacks Poland Sept. 1, 1939- Blitzkrieg
-France, England declare war
Blitzkrieg-”lightning warfare”
-heavy use of machinery and aircraft- many advances in military Technology
-quick victory over Poland
-not a lot of fighting after capture of Poland , waiting to see what H would do
-Phony War begins
Maginot Line –system of forts,
Siegfried Line
-Stalin attacks Finland, Hitler attacks Denmark, Norway, then Belgium- to build bases there to attack Britain
-Invasion of France
-Massive Allied evacuation at Dunkirk
-France signs surrender, June 1940
*Entire world watched, as H handed his Terms of Surrender
Blitzkrieg
-lightning warfare
-heavy use of machinery and aircraft
-quick victory over Poland
-Phony War begins
Maginot Line
Siegfried Line
-Stalin attacks Finland, Hitler attacks Denmark, Norway, then Belgium
-Invasion of France
-Massive Allied evacuation at Dunkirk
-France signs surrender, June 1940
Battle of Britain
-Germany controls most of Europe
-Luftwaffe begin bombing of Britain: 2,000 planes, for 2 months, every night
-RAF Royal Air Force defends British homeland: thanks to Radar
-”Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few”-to the RAF
Winston Churchill GB Prime Minister
-Germany never launches invasion of Britain: but both continue to bomb one another to disrupt production & break civilian morale
““Never forget that everything Never forget that everything Hitler did in Germany was Hitler did in Germany was
legal.” legal.” ― ― Martin Luther King Jr.