Photo credit: UNAMA/ Fardin Waezi / Badakhshan Landslide Afghanistan

Perú

Floods

Multi-cluster rapid assessment report (MIRA) Report

02 April 2017 Prepared by UNDAC team in collaboration with Peru HCT (Red

Humanitaria Nacional)

Since the end of January, the El Niño Coastal phenomenon has been configured due to the abrupt increase in sea

surface temperature. It is expected to extend until the month of May, with moderate magnitude, declining its impact

during April as reported by the Multisectoral Committee in Charge of the National Study of the El Niño Phenomenon

(ENFEN).

As a consequence of the continuation of the intense rains, during February and in March, emergencies related to

floods, flash floods and landslides, mainly on the north coast of the country, have occurred. According to official

figures at national level (01 April), 101 people have died and 19 are considered disappeard, at least 1,100,346 people

were affected, of which 149,848 are in need of humanitarian assistance, mainly in Piura, Lambayeque, La Libertad,

Ica, Ancash, Arequipa, Lima and Tumbes departments.

The National Center for Estimating, Prevention and Reduction of Disaster Risk (CENEPRED) has estimated the potential risk in the population, in areas where the occurrence of heavy rains - until April 2 - can trigger landslides, debris flows or other type of mass movements. Districts with very high risk levels are in Cajamarca, Piura and La Libertad.

Since mid January, 818 districts in 97 provinces of 13 regions (from 25) were progressively being declared in state

of emergency, level 4 of emergency in Peru.

On March 29, the national government, declared Piura region in national level state of emergency, this is level 5 of

emergency (highest level), due to the latest heavy rains and flash floods that significantly increased the damages.

By the date of this report, the initial Multi-cluster Rapid Assessments (MIRA methodology) were completed in the departments of Piura, Lambayeque, Tumbes, and Lima in coordination between the UNDAC (United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination Team) and members of the Humanitarian Country Team in Perú (Red Humanitaria Nacional - RHN). In La Libertad an assessment was conducted with the participation of members of the RHN. The principal findings of the assessment were reported in the RHN meeting on March 29.

Piura:

On March 26, the Piura River overflowed in Morropon province, east of Piura, after approximately 24 hours of

uninterrupted rain. On March 27, the Piura River reached its maximum limit in the city of Piura and flooded the streets

of the capital and surrounding districts at the south of the city were totally flooded.

According to official information, 315,3171 are have been affected in Piura (more than 91.400 are children),

corresponding to 29% of all affected and victims nationwide. 50% of the population has limitations on access to safe

water2.

The Armed Forces mobilized a total of 3.600 troops and assisted more than 5.000 people in the Piura region during

the first 48 hours after the latest floods. The President reported the transfer of some 10.000 people affected in the

1 Source INDECI, due: April 01

2 Source health cluster group

Crédito: Centro de Información de Naciones Unidas, Inudaciones en Perú, Marzo 2017

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Catacaos district to safe havens in Piura. 31 shelters and 1,041 tents have been established in Piura, for 11,652

persons.

The goods whose donation is included in this Emergency Declaration are: medical equipment and material, food and

beverages, clothing, personal hygiene and cleaning supplies, electric batteries and generators, communication tools,

fuels, construction materials, water purification plants, tents, motor pumps, temporary bridges and sewers, mainly.

The national state of emergency in the department3 of Piura, shall last for 60 days and during that period, the

immediate and necessary response and rehabilitation measures and actions may be carried out, using the national

capacity (INDECI, Armed Forces and Regional Government) and the support of international assistance if necessary.

3 http://busquedas.elperuano.com.pe/normaslegales/declaran-estado-de-emergencia-nacional-en-el-departamento-de-decreto-supremo-n-035-2017-pcm-1503315-

2/

Country name HUMANITARIAN NEEDS OVERVIEW

3

Source: MapAction

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.

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SCOPE OF THE CRISIS

Most affected areas:

The region of Piura, the second most populated after Lima, has suffered four prolonged periods of rain which have already affected six out of the eight provinces, causing damage to public infrastructure, water and sanitation systems and houses. Three quarters of the population of Piura live in urban areas, some of which, especially new informal settlements, are in disaster prone areas. The economy of the region is based on agriculture, commerce, services and coastal activities related to fishing and tourism.

The region of Lambayeque has suffered four prolonged

periods of rain which has already affected the three

provinces of the region, causing damage to public

infrastructure, water and sanitation systems and

houses. Approximately 80% of people in Lambayeque

live in urban areas. The main economic activities of the

region are agriculture, manufacturing industry and

services.

The region of La Libertad has suffered prolonged periods of rain which have already affected significantly several provinces of the region, causing damage to public infrastructure, crops, water and sanitation systems and houses. As commonly happens in other affected areas of the country, the building of houses in flood prone areas (mostly in peri-urban and rural areas) along with the conditions of poverty and low capacities in disaster risk reduction has exacerbated the negative consequences of the flooding.

Morropón Paita Piura Sullana Talara

Minor 7% 25% 21% 33% 50%

Moderate 14% 25% 15% 0% 0%

Severe 36% 42% 15% 53% 50%

Very severe 43% 8% 50% 13% 0%

Fig.1 Level of damage in the assessed provinces of Piura, based on 77 interviews to

key informants (KI).

PIURA

Chiclayo Ferreñafe Lambayeque

Minor 12% 0% 10%

Moderate 24% 43% 6%

Severe 44% 43% 35%

Very severe 21% 14% 49%

Fig.1 Level of damage in the assessed provinces of Lambayeque,

based on 147 interviews to key informants (KI).

LAMBAYEQUE

Ascope Pacasmayo Trujillo

Minor 25% 0% 0%

Moderate 25% 0% 15%

Severe 0% 0% 31%

Very severe 50% 100% 54%

Fig.1 Level of damage in the assessed provinces of La

libertad, based on 20 interviews to KI Informants (KI).

LA LIBERTAD

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Source: COEN, 01 April 2017

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

Number of Affected an severely affected people by Floods and associated events by Region

Severely affected Affected

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Humanitarian Profile:

Heavy rainfalls during February and March caused emergencies related to floods, flash-floods and landslides, mainly on the north coast of the country. Per official figures at the date of this report, at least 939.713 people are reported as affected and 141.860 are severely affected

31 million Total Population

13.5 million People at medium-high risk (exposed to hazards during rainy season)

(National Center for Estimation, Prevention and Reduction fo Disaster Risk - CENEPRED, 2016)

1,100,000 million Estimated nr. of people affected by floods

(COEN)

101 Fatalities

353 Injured

300,000 Children affected

(UNICEF)

149,848 Displaced (In need, lost housing)

950,498 Not displaced (affected)

171 Collective shelters

(INDECI)

42,203 People in collective

shelter (INDECI)

1,630,000 Children with

lack of access to school facilities

(INECI)

180,000 Families with livelyhoods

affected (INDECI)

280,000 People in risk of lack of access

to health services

(PAHO/WFP)

Photo credit: UNAMA/ Fardin Waezi / Badakhshan Landslide Afghanistan

RESPONSE CAPACITY

National and local capacity and response

The national response is led by the Presidency of the Republic and the Prime Minister, who chairs meetings of the National Council for Disaster Risk Management (CONAGERD). The Ministry of Defense leads the National Emergency Operations Center (COEN) and conducts, through INDECI, emergency assistance in coordination with regional and local governments.

The Ministry of Economy and Finance has implemented measures for regional and local governments to deal with emergencies, providing S/. 100.000 to each municipality in the affected areas, declared in a state of emergency. Resources should be used for immediate response activities. An additional S/. 1.500 million have been added to the national budget for 2017 for financing expenditures associated with the impact of natural disasters.

As of March 28, INDECI has reported that more than 1.900 metric tons of humanitarian goods have been delivered in emergency zones. Within the delivered, there are 395 TM of food, 344 TM of shelter, 75 TM of utensils, 54 TM of tools, 1,199 TM of ceiling.

The National Industry Society (SNI), in partnership with the Navy and in collaboration with INDECI, has sent 500 tonnes of food, beverages and other goods to the northern part of the country. The mining company Antamina has made available a fleet of 150 units of equipment (backhoes and dump trucks) in Ancash, and the bottler Coca-Cola Peru has announced the donation of one million liters of water.

International capacity and response

During January and February, several member organizations of the RHN provided humanitarian assistance in Ica, Lima, Huancavelica Lambayeque, and Piura regions: ADRA, Save the Children, World Vision, Oxfam, PREDES, Caritas, Practical Action, and Peruvian Red Cross.

While no international appeal has been launched by the state, several countries have offered humanitarian aid bilaterally. According to official information, as of March 29, more than 27 tons of food, more than three million dollars, and 520.000 euros have been donated by cooperating countries:

On March 23, the International Federation of Red Cross and l Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) issued an international appeal for 3.9 million Swiss francs to assist 10,000 families for 12 months in support of the actions taken by the Peruvian Red Cross. To date, approximately 840,000 Swiss francs have been received. The arrival of the first humanitarian flight of the IFRC with 40 tons of humanitarian aid to attend to 2,000 families has been registered.

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HUMANITARIAN ACCESS

The situation of access to areas with affected population continues with difficulties, because of the damages in

roads infrastructure. INDECI has reported 18.841 km of affected road infrastructure, of which 10.360 km are rural

roads. While efforts have been made to repair roads and air bridges have been put in place to coordinate the

delivery of humanitarian response, road damage also hampers and isolates communities, particularly in rural

areas, which increases their difficulty in accessing aid.

One of the major findings of the MIRA assessments was the difficulty of access for rural populations, particularly in

isolated areas where humanitarian aid has not yet arrived. Difficulties are also identified for the populations with

harvests that cannot transport their products out of the fields and thus reactivate their livelihoods, initially.

Until April 4 transit through the main road from Km. 38 (Puente Ricardo Palma) to Km. 175 (Distribution La Oroya)

is restricted. Only access for freight vehicles over 3.5 tonnes and interprovincial transport buses duly authorized is

permitted for the provision of regular transport service of persons.

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STRATEGIC HUMANITARIAN PRIORITIES INFORMATION ON THE GLOBAL IMPACT OF THE DISASTER

1.1 Level of destruction

In La Libertad, a majority of respondents stated that the level of destruction due to flooding was very severe, which means that more than 50% of the buildings have been destroyed or damaged. Nevertheless, some interviewees from the districts of Chicama, El Porvenir and Victor Larco indicated lower degrees of destruction.

In Lambayeque, the most common answer to the question about the level of destruction due to the floods was "very severe", followed by "severe", which means that between 25% and 50% of the buildings have been destroyed or heavily damaged. At the district level, however, there is a considerable diversity of responses when assessing the level of destruction, ranging from "mild" to "very severe". In the District of Cayaltí, 40% of the respondents reported a "mild" level of destruction, and in the district of Motupe the only interviewee also stated that the level of destruction was mild.

In Piura, the most frequent response to the level of destruction due to the floods was "very severe", followed by "severe". At the district level, however, there is a considerable diversity of responses when assessing this level of destruction, ranging from "mild" to "very severe", except for the districts of Catacaos, La Arena and Marcavelica, where 100 % of the respondents indicated that the level of destruction was "very severe". However, in each of these districts, only one or two people were interviewed.

In Tumbes, there is a considerable diversity of responses when assessing the level of destruction per district, ranging from mild to very severe. Only in the Papayal district, the only respondent reported a "very severe" level of destruction.

2.1 Distribution by type of residence

In La Libertad, a greater number of respondents answered that the majority of the population is resident. In the districts of Chicama, El Porvenir, Trujillo and Victor Larco, it is also mentioned that there are displaced persons who come from the same area. In El Provenir and Trujillo, it is mentioned that, besides displaced persons from the same area, there are also displaced persons coming from other areas.

In Lambayeque, a greater number of respondents answered that the majority of the population is resident. However, in 10 out of the 13 districts visited, it was also reported that there are displaced persons who come from the same area, and in 4 out of those 10 districts, besides displaced persons from the same area, there are also displaced persons coming from other areas.

In Piura, a greater number of respondents answered that the majority of the population is resident. However, in 8 out of the 21 districts visited, it is also reported that there are displaced persons who come from the same area, and in 4 out of those 8 districts, besides displaced persons from the same area, there are also displaced persons coming from other areas. The two interviewees in the district of Pariñas reported that the only displaced persons living there are displaced from other areas.

In the districts visited in Tumbes, all interviewees answered that only residents live in the area. The existence of displaced persons who come from other areas is only mentioned in the district of Aguas Verdes.

2.2 Most vulnerable groups

In La Libertad, the most vulnerable groups that received the highest number of responses are pregnant and lactating women, followed by with disabilities and single women who are heads of families.

In Lambayeque, the most vulnerable groups that received the largest number of responses are major adult head of family, followed by people with disabilities and single women head of family.

In Piura, the most vulnerable groups that received the highest number of responses are major adult head of family, followed by unaccompanied children and single women head of family.

In Tumbes, the most vulnerable groups that received the highest number of responses are major adult head of family, followed by unaccompanied children and people with disabilities.

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INFORMATION ON THE DISPLACEMENT AND ESTIMATION OF THE NUMBER OF

PEOPLE IN NEED

3.1 Percentage of people affected in the community

In La Libertad, a large number of respondents reported that the percentage of people affected is between 76% and 100% of the population, followed by those who reported that this proportion is between 51% and 75%.

In Lambayeque, a large number of respondents reported that the percentage of affected population is between 76% and 100%, followed by those who reported that this proportion is between 26% and 50%. In the districts of Mesones Muro and Motupe (the latter with only one interviewee), 100% of those interviewed reported that the percentage of affected population was between 76% and 100%. In the Pacora district, 9 out of 10 interviewees also reported the same. However, within some districts there is a considerable diversity of responses when it comes to reporting the proportion of affected population, with cases where the responses range from nobody up to 76% to 100% of the population affected.

In Piura, a large number of respondents reported that the percentage of affected population is between 76% and 100%, followed by those who reported that this proportion is between 51% and 75%. However, within some districts there is a considerable diversity of responses when it comes to reporting the proportion of affected population, with cases where the responses range from 1% to 10% up to between 76% and 100% of the population affected.

In Tumbes, a large number of respondents reported that the percentage of affected population is between 76% and 100%, followed by those who reported that this proportion is between 1% and 10%. There is also a large variation in responses within the districts.

3.2 Number of people affected who need humanitarian assistance

In La Libertad, the highest number of responses indicated that the number of people in need of humanitarian assistance is from 100 to 500, followed by those who answered that this number ranges from 0 to 100, and then those who answered that it ranges from 500 to 1000. In the district of Trujillo, the only interviewee answered that the number of people affected who are in need of humanitarian assistance is more than 10,000.

In Lambayeque, the highest number of responses indicated that the number of people in need of humanitarian assistance is from 0 to 100, followed by those who answered that this number ranges from 100 to 500.

In Piura, the highest number of responses indicated that the number of people in need of humanitarian assistance is from 0 to 100, followed by those who answered that this number ranges from 100 to 500. In the Colán district, the only interviewee answered that the number of people affected who are in need of humanitarian assistance is between 5000 and 10,000.

In Tumbes, the highest number of responses indicated that the number of people in need of humanitarian assistance is from 0 to 100, followed by those who answered that this number ranges from 100 to 500.

3.3 Estimated number of internally displaced persons

In La Libertad, the highest number of responses indicated that the estimated number of internally displaced persons range from 0 to 100 people or from 100 to 500. In the district of Trujillo, the only interviewee reported that this number is between 5000 and 10,000.

In Lambayeque, the highest number of responses indicated that the estimated number of internally displaced persons range from 0 to 100, followed by respondents who estimated this number to range from 100 to 500.

In Piura, the highest number of responses indicated that the estimated number of internally displaced persons range from 0 to 100, followed by respondents who estimated this number to range from 100 to 500. In the Colán district, the only interviewee reported that this number is between 500 and 1,000.

In Tumbes, a large number of respondents answered that they do not know the number of displaced persons, followed by respondents who estimated this number to range from 0 and 100.

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3.4 Existence of spontaneous settlements in the area

In La Libertad, the most common response among the interviewees is that there are no spontaneous settlements, followed by those who mention that there would be less than five. The only interviewee in the district of Trujillo reported that there are more than 20 spontaneous settlements in the area.

In Lambayeque, the most common response is that there are no spontaneous settlements, followed by those who mention that there would be less than five. In some districts, however, although to a lesser extent, responses have also indicated that the number of spontaneous settlements could be between 5 and 10, or between 11 and 15, or between 15 and 20 or also more than 20.

In Piura, 58 out of 77 interviewees said there are no spontaneous settlements in the area, followed by those who mentioned that there would be less than five (21 interviewees).

In Tumbes, 24 out of 25 interviewees said there are no spontaneous settlements in the area (1 interviewed answered “Don’t know”).

3.5 Existence of state-run shelters in the area

In La Libertad, the highest number of responses indicated that there are no state-run shelters, followed by those who said there would be less than five. In the district of Trujillo, the only interviewee reported that the number of state-run shelters would be more than 20.

In Lambayeque, the most common response among respondents is that there are no state-run shelters, followed by those who mention that there would be less than five. In the district of Íllimo, responses vary, with interviewees saying that there are between 5 and 10, 11 to 15 or more than 20 state-run shelters.

In Piura, 66 out of 77 interviewees said there were no state-run shelters in the area, followed by those who mentioned that there would be less than five (21 interviewees). In the Amotape district, an interviewee answered that there are between 15 and 20 state-run shelters in the area.

In Tumbes, 23 out of 25 interviewees said there are no state-run shelters in the area (2 interviewed answered “Don’t know”).

3.6 Type of shelter for displaced persons

In La Libertad, the most common response given to the type of shelter in which the displaced people are is that they are in state-run shelters, followed by the houses of neighbours.

In Lambayeque, the two most frequent responses are that the displaced people are living with neighbours or outside their houses.

In Piura, the most common response given to the type of shelter in which the displaced people are is that they are in the houses of neighbours, followed by the answer that they are living outside their houses. In the Trujillo district, it is also mentioned that schools are being used to house displaced people.

In Tumbes, the most common response given is that the displaced people are living outside their houses, followed by the answer that they are located in communal premises / churches.

EMERGENCY SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS

CAMP COORDINATION & CAMP MANAGEMENT

4.1 Level of severity of the problem in relation to shelters and emergency roofs In La Libertad, the degree of severity of the problem related to shelters and emergency roofs shows a large variety of perceptions, from "severe" (the option chosen by a greater number of interviewees), followed by "mild" and those who say that there is no problem in this sector. No interviewee answered that the situation was very severe.

In Lambayeque, the degree of severity of the problem related to shelters and emergency roofs perceived by the interviewees also varies, from "severe" (the option chosen by a greater number of interviewees), followed by "very severe" and of those who say that there is no problem in this sector. Within each district there is also a great diversity of responses, with answers in all the levels of severity proposed

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In Piura, more than half of those interviewed answered that there is no problem in the shelter sector, followed by those who say that the situation is severe, those who report it as mild and finally those who mention that it is very severe. As in the previous cases, there is also a great variety of responses within each district.

In Tumbes, most interviewees say that there is no problem, followed by those who say that the situation is severe.

4.2 Main challenges in relation to shelters and emergency roofs In La Libertad, the challenge most often mentioned in relation to the shelter sector, among the specific options

presented in the interview, is the access to shelters, in the sense that it is inappropriate and dangerous. It is however

worth noting that the option "others" was the most chosen by the interviewees. Unfortunately, no information was

collected on what these other challenges could be.

In Lambayeque, the challenge that is most mentioned by interviewees is the insufficient number of shelters, followed

by the inadequate quality of shelters.

In Piura, the challenge that is most mentioned in relation to the shelter sector, among the specific options presented

to the interviewees, is the insufficient number of shelters. It is however worth noting that the option "others" was the

most chosen by the interviewees.

In Tumbes, the challenge that is most mentioned in relation to the shelter sector, among the specific options

presented to the interviewees, is related to the access to the shelters, in the sense that it is inappropriate and

dangerous. It is also worth mentioning here that the option "others" was the most chosen by the interviewees.

WATER SANITATION AND HYGIENE

5.1 Level of severity of the problem in relation to water for human consumption In La Libertad, the degree of severity of the problem in relation to water for human consumption is mostly described

as very severe, followed by severe.

In Lambayeque, the degree of severity of the problem in relation to water for human consumption is described as

very severe, followed by mild and severe. There is a wide variety of responses regarding the level of severity within

the districts.

In Piura, the degree of severity of the problem in relation to water for human consumption is mostly described as very

severe, followed by severe and mild. There is a wide variety of responses within the districts.

In Tumbes, the degree of severity of the problem in relation to water for human consumption is mainly described as

severe, followed by mild and very severe.

5.2 Main challenges in relation to water for humain consumption In La Libertad, the challenge most often mentioned in relation to the sector of water for human consumption sector

is the access to water sources, either natural sources or distribution points, followed by insufficient water quantity.

In Lambayeque, the most frequently mentioned challenge is also access to water sources, either natural sources or

distribution points, followed by insufficient water quantity and inadequate water quality.

In Piura, the challenge that is most mentioned in relation to the sector of water for human consumption is insufficient

water quantity, followed by inadequate water quality and access to water sources, either natural sources or

distribution points.

In Tumbes, the challenge most often mentioned in relation to the sector of water for human consumption sector is

also insufficient water quantity, followed by inadequate water quality and access to water sources, either natural

sources or distribution points.

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6.1 Level of severity of the problem in relation to sanitation In La Libertad, the degree of severity of sanitation problems is mostly described as very severe, followed by severe

and then mild.

In Lambayeque, the degree of severity of sanitation problems is mostly described as severe, followed by very severe

and then mild. There is a wide variety of responses regarding the level of severity within the districts.

In Piura, the degree of severity of sanitation problems is mostly described as very severe, followed by severe and

then mild. There is a wide variety of responses regarding the level of severity within the districts.

In Tumbes, the degree of severity of sanitation problems is mostly described as severe, followed by far by those who

say that the situation is very severe.

6.2 Main challenges in relation to sanitation In La Libertad, the challenge most often mentioned in relation to the sanitation sector is the access to infrastructure,

which is considered inadequate or problematic, followed by the insufficient number of sanitation facilities.

In Lambayeque, the most frequently mentioned challenge is also inadequate access to infrastructure, followed by

the insufficient quality and quantity of sanitation facilities. Fourthly, the inadequate management of solid waste is also

mentioned as a challenge.

In Piura, the challenge most often mentioned in relation to sanitation is the inadequate quality of the infrastructure,

followed by insufficient quantity and inadequate or problematic access.

In Tumbes, the two most frequently mentioned challenges are the inadequate management of solid waste and the

insufficient amount of sanitation infrastructure, followed by inadequate or problematic access to sanitation

infrastructure, and the inadequate quality of the infrastructure.

HEALTH

7.1 Level of severity of the problem in relation to health In La Libertad, the situation in the health sector is mostly characterized as severe and mild, followed by very severe..

In Lambayeque, the situation is mostly classified as severe, followed by mild and very severe. In Piura, the situation

in the health sector is mostly characterized as severe, followed by very severe and mild. In Tumbes, the situation is

mostly classified as severe, followed by respondents who classify it as mild and very severe.

7.2 Main challenges in relation to health In La Libertad, the challenge most often mentioned in relation to the health sector is the risk to health that comes

from the contamination generated, followed by the high risk of contagious diseases or outbreaks that are already

occurring.

In Lambayeque, the challenge most often mentioned by the interviewees is the high risk of contagious diseases or

outbreaks that are already occurring, followed by risks to health coming from contamination.

In Piura, the challenge most often mentioned in relation to the health sector is the high risk of contagious diseases

or outbreaks that are already occurring, followed by health risks from contamination.

In Tumbes, the challenge most often mentioned by the interviewees is the high risk of contagious diseases or

outbreaks that are already occurring, followed by health risks from contamination.

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FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION

8.1 Level of severity of the problem in relation to food security In La Libertad, the situation in the food security sector is mostly classified as severe, followed by mild and very severe,

in this order.

In La Lambayeque, the situation is mostly characterized as severe, followed by mild and very severe, in this order.

In Piura, the situation is mostly characterized as severe, followed by those who qualify it as mild and very severe. In

Tumbes, the situation is mostly characterized as severe, followed by those who qualify it as mild and very severe.

WFP has conducted an Emergency Food Security Assessment (EFSA) in Piura, La Libertad, Lambayeque and the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima, which preliminary results indicate that 59% of affected and severely affected families have food insecurity, of which 9% have severe food insecurity4. Main causes are: poor food consumption (61%), high economic vulnerability towards increase of food prices (66%) and crisis/emergency coping strategies (31%). Families are implementing survival strategies related to the quantity and quality of food consumption reducing them (86%), diminishing the number of food portions (75%), adults providing their portions to their children (71%), and consuming less preferred or cheaper food (81%). WFP states that affected families have a low consumption of food providing iron (22%), y low or nule consumption fo food providing Vitamin A (18%) and proteins (3.8%). This reveals problems in the consumption of food containing basic micronutrients for health, especially in families with chilren, pregnant or lactant women, elderly and chronic patients. A fact sheet for these results can be find in the following link: http://bit.ly/2o06J0G

8.2 Main challenges in relation to food security In La Libertad, the most frequently mentioned challenge in relation to food security is the high price of food, followed

in the second place by the risk of livelihood loss or disruption.

In Lambayeque, the most frequently mentioned challenge or problem is the high price of food, followed in the second

place by the risk of livelihood loss or disruption

In Piura, the most frequently mentioned challenge or problem is the high price of food, followed in the second place

by the risk of livelihood loss or disruption.

In Tumbes, the challenge or problem most often mentioned is the high price of food, followed in the second place by

food access that is sometimes inadequate or problematic.

PROTECTION OF PEOPLE

9.1 Level of severity of the problem in relation to protection of people In La Libertad, the situation in relation to the protection of people is mostly classified as severe, followed by mild and

very severe in this order.

In Lambayeque, most of the interviewees answered that there is no problem regarding the protection of people,

followed by those who said that the situation was mild and those who said that it was severe.

4 Limitation of the study: Due to the timing of this report, interviewees showed a non-sampling bias due to the proximity between the disaster

and the inter-views, minimum size sampling and the inability to infer at the provincial level and district beyond the area.

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In Piura, the situation is mostly characterized as severe, followed by mild and by those respondents who consider

that there is no problem.

In Tumbes, the situation is mostly described as mild, followed by those who consider that there is no problem.

9.2 Main challenges in relation to protection of people In La Libertad, the most commonly mentioned challenges or problems in relation to the protection of persons are

primarily criminality, followed in the second place by violence or sexual harassment, and thirdly by discrimination in

the access to humanitarian assistance.

In Lambayeque, the most commonly mentioned challenges or problems related to the protection of people are

primarily discrimination in the access to humanitarian assistance, followed by conflicts between communities.

Nonetheless, we note that the option “Others” was the most chosen among the interviewees. Unfortunately, no

information was collected on what other types of challenges are of concern in this option

In Piura, the most commonly mentioned challenges or problems are, firstly, discrimination in the access to

humanitarian assistance, secondly, gender-based violence, and, thirdly, conflicts between communities.

In Tumbes, the most commonly mentioned challenge or problem is that of criminality. Secondly, there are those

respondents who chose the option “Others”. Unfortunately, no information was collected on what other types of

challenges are of concern in this option.

EDUCATION

10.1 Level of severity

At national level, 1,600 million students have not initiated the scholar year due to emergencies, of which around

500,000 are from Piura region.

Schools have not only infrastructure damages, the conditions are not good due to the remaining water and the

humidity. In some cases the material and furniture have been damaged. And there is a need to identify if the

teachers are ready to start or they have suffered lossess or damages.

10.2 Main challenges

There is a need to give adequate support to chidren and adolescents while classes have not started.

There is also a need adequate the emergency curricula to the present situation in order to provide the adequate

emotional support.

EARLY RECOVERY AND LIVELIHOODS

11.1 Level of severity

In general, there has been a disruption of economic activities both in the rural and urban contexts. Prices have

increased.

The affected families have a strong dedication to cleaning the land of collapsed housing, to enabling space. In other

cases, to keep watch over what is left but is buried by the mud. Emotional impact is also strong and impairs ability to

recover.

Income is a key factor in meeting your basic needs and relying less and less on assistance, strengthening your

dignity.

11.2 Main challenges

PERÚ

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Opening of ways to reconnect farmers to the market and reduce the prices of commodities entering the localities is

critical in rural areas.

Promote job opportunities in the urban context is urgent.

Annexes: http://bit.ly/MIRAreportAnnexes