Performance of proVitamin A cassava clones across eleven ...A member of CGIAR consortium Parkes Elizabeth1, Kulakow Peter1, Oladimeji Alamu1, Maziya-Dixon Bussie1, Aina Olufemi1, Ofei

A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org

Parkes Elizabeth1, Kulakow Peter1, Oladimeji Alamu1, Maziya-Dixon Bussie1 , Aina Olufemi1, Ofei Richard1, Iluebbey Peter1, Agbona

Afolabi1, Bakare Moshood1 and Dixon Alfred 1

1 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Ibadan, Nigeria

Performance of proVitamin A cassava clones across eleven environments in two seasons in Nigeria

World congress on Root and Tuber crops Nanning, Guangxi, China, January 18-23, 2016


Outline Ø  Introduction and objectives Ø Materials and methods Ø Results and discussion Ø Conclusion Ø Acknowledgments


Introduction Ø Cassava is a major staple food in Africa supporting

many lives

Ø Vitamin A deficiency is a major health challenge among children and pregnant women in Africa

Ø Cassava biofortification is one of the methods used to overcome vitamin A deficiency (hidden hunger)


Geographical distribution of vitamin A deficiency

X ≥1.5 % or VAD ≥15 %

X =0.5 % to 1.49 % and VAD <15 %

X <1.5 % and VAD <15 %

X ≥1.5 % and VAD ≥15 %

Preschool children

* serum retinol concentrations < 0.70 µmol/L or abnormal conjunctival impression cytology, and xerophthalmia (X), all active stages combined

VAD ≥20 % or XN ≥1.5 % VAD <20 % or XN <1.5 %

VAD ≥20 % and XN ≥1.5 %

Pregnant women

West. J Nutr 2002;132:2857S-66S.


Objectives Ø  To develop genotypes with high carotenoids

concentration (targets : 5, 10, 15 µg/g fresh wt.)

Ø High dry matter that satisfy food preferences

Ø High stable fresh and dry root yields

Ø Disease and pest resistance (CMD, Green mites etc)


Harvest Plus

Cassava Breeding

Cycle: The Pipeline of New Varieties

National Variety Testing and farmer trials

14

Partners

Seedling nursery (SN) 70,000

Multi-location Uniform yield trial (UYT)

210

Clonal evaluation (CE) 3,139

Preliminary yield trial (PYT) 1,926

Advanced yield trial (AYT) 407

New Seeds – 162,500 S1, FS 1,160,000 HS

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Years 5 & 6

Multiplication and Release 31st, 32nd wave

Years 7 & 8

Rapid

Multiplication

Regional Trials 16


Materials and Methods Ø  Fifteen proVitamin A cassava

clones were evaluated in 11 environments

Ø  The field design was RCBD with four replicates

Ø Stability of the clones were assessed for yield and its related components using GGE Biplot application

ENV LOC YEAR

ENV1 Ibadan 2013 ENV2 Ibadan 2014 ENV3 Ikenne 2013 ENV4 Ikenne 2014 ENV5 Ilorin 2013 ENV6 Ilorin 2014 ENV7 Mokwa 2014 ENV8 Ubiaja 2013 ENV9 Ubiaja 2014

ENV10 Warri 2013 ENV11 Zaria 2013


TC: Total carotenoid content by iCheck; FYLD: fresh yield (t/ha); DYLD: dry yield (t/ha); DM: dry matter content; CMDS: cassava mosaic disease severity

Results

Figure 1. GGE Biplot for TC iCheck

Table 1. Genotypes mean performance across key traits

Genotype TC FYLD DYLD DM CMDS

IBA011371 8.1 11.6 2.9 29.0 2.0 IBA070520 8.0 13.0 3.3 30.1 1.2 IBA070557 7.9 13.6 4.4 32.3 1.1 IBA070593 10.6 9.3 2.8 29.9 1.1 IBA070703 9.1 8.9 2.3 29.2 1.1 IBA070738 7.5 13.5 4.2 30.9 1.1 IBA070749 8.4 10.1 2.8 30.1 1.1 IBA071026 8.2 17.4 4.7 31.6 1.1 IBA082032 7.4 13.2 4.2 31.8 1.1 IBA082425 8.8 16.4 4.8 30.4 1.1 IBA082708 9.6 11.3 3.5 29.9 1.3 IBA083594 7.8 15.9 3.8 28.9 1.1 IBA083724 7.7 16.0 5.1 32.2 1.1 IBA083739 8.0 18.5 5.4 31.8 1.1 IBA083849 7.7 17.5 4.6 31.2 1.1

Mean 8.3 13.7 3.9 30.6 1.2 CV (%) 10.5 22.6 24.2 3.8 19.8


Figure 2. Means vs Stability for TC iCheck

Results (cont’d)

Figure 3. GGE Biplot for CMDS


Results (cont’d)

Figure 4. GGE Biplot for Fresh yield (t/ha) Figure 5. GGE Biplot for dry yield (t/ha)


Results (cont’d) Ø  IBA070593 (chk) had the highest TC of 10.6 µg/g while

IBA070703 with TC of 9.1 µg/g was the most stable across all environments followed by IBA070557

Ø  IBA083739 was the highest and most stable for both fresh and dry yield across environments while IBA83724 was also highly stable for dry yield

Ø Most clones had high resistance to cassava mosaic disease as shown by biplot with first two principal components accounted for 97.1% of total variation


Conclusion

Ø  Four genotypes IBA070557, IBA070703, IBA083724 and IBA083739 were identified with high stable performance for preferred traits

Ø  These four genotypes were selected for further testing in national performance trials (NCRP)


Acknowledgements

Partners, CBU


Thank you


Thank you

Documents

Performance of proVitamin A cassava clones across eleven ...A member of CGIAR consortium Parkes Elizabeth1, Kulakow Peter1, Oladimeji Alamu1, Maziya-Dixon Bussie1, Aina Olufemi1, Ofei