penauk assigment

8/9/2019 penauk assigment

1/17

ASAJAYA WATER TREATMENT PLANT PROCESS

Page | 1

UITM KAMPUS SAMARAHAN

FACULTY IN ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING, AND SURVEYING

DIPLOMA UKUR BAHAN(AP114)

BUIDING SERVICE 1(QSD184)

_________________________________________________________

Water Treatment Plant Process AtAsajaya,Kota Samarhan

_________________________________________________________

PREPARED BY : AHMAD MUSTANIR BIN HADADAK (2009270736)

PREPARED FOR : MISS NORAZIAH BINTI WAHI

DATE OF

SUBMISSION : 15

th

MARCH 2010

CONTENT


2/17


Page | 2

INTRODUCTION

Asajaya Water Supply was first commissioned in 1980 when a 0.9 megalitre per day (M Id)

prefabricated treatment plants was installed for Asajaya Township and the immediate

NO KANDUNGAN MUKASURAT

1 Introduction

2

3

4

5

6

7


3/17


Page | 3

vicinity. However, within a few years,due to the rapid extension of the supply to several

villages in the surrounding area, new treatment works to increase the water pro duction

capacity was urgentlyrequired. This augmentation works which increased the water

production capacity to 2.3 megalitre per day (Mid) was completed in 1988.

With trhe improvement of accessibility eithin the Asajaya Peninsula resulting in

greater water demands, studies were carried out to formulate plans and stratergies for

meeting the long term water supply needs of the whole of the Peni sula.

Apart from the upgrading system extension of the distribution system, one of the

necessary augmentation works to meet the increasing water requirement is this new 8

megalitre per day (MId) treatment plant.

The new 8 megalitre per day (Mid) Asajaya Water Treatment Plant is a modern up -

to-date installation and designed to produce fully treated water complying with M alaysian

and International Drinking Water Quality Standards.

The new treatement plant complex comprises of a new raw water intake, raw water

pumping main, a flow spilt chamber, two units -stage flocculation tanks, four units of rapid

gravity filters, one 2ML clear water tank, administrative and control building with laboratory

and workshop, chemical store and generators house.Full range of chemical closing and

treatment has been incorporated in the design of the new plant

Plant and equipment facilties includ e 6 units of raw water pumps, 6 units of treated

water pumps, 2 units of backwarsh pumps and air blowers, 4 units flocculators, dissolved air

flotation equipment,chemical feed equipment, telemetry, instrumentation and control system,

electrical equipment, generator set and other miscellaneous equipment.

A special feature of this new treatment plant is the dissolved air flotation (DAF)

process which is specially suitable for the treatment of low turbid and highly coloured raw

water as is the case of the raw water in Asajaya. This DAF plant is officially the first ever to

be adopted by the Water Authority of Sarawak

Construction of the treatment plant and related works commenced in June 1994 and

was completed in May 1996 at a total cost of approximately RM13.5 million

Asajaya Site Layout Plan


4/17


Page | 4

PROCESS INVOLVE IN ASAJAYA WATERTREATMENT PLANT


5/17


Page | 5

Asajaya Water Treatment Process Flow Chart (DAFSystem)


6/17


Page | 6

(1) Intake from water resources

The treatment process depends on the properties of raw water and this properties of raw

water can be divided into three categories;physical,chemical and biological properties .The


7/17


Page | 7

properties of raw water depend an impurities in it such as macro(debris) and micro(very fine

and cannot be seen by eyes)

The part intake of water resources at Asajaya Wa ter Treatment Plant is from the river

as known Sg.Asajaya Hilir(Peat Water) .Hence, the Raw Water Sg.Asajaya (Peat Water)

have been intake around 2 Kilometres by using centrifugal pumps

A screen is placed at the water entrance of inlet gate to prevent floating impurities

such as derbis,animal carcases and aquaric life from entering centrifugal pumping chamber

which can damage the pumping equipment at there

Cleaning of the screen can be carried out manually or automatic . After screening

process,water undergoes grift removal process in the flow spilt chamber. Flow spilt chamber

is the next process.

(2) Flow spilt chamber

After ends from intake inlet gate, the next progess is flow spilt chamber . "Flow splitting" is

used for diverting a quantity of water from a larger flow volume.Flow splitting is commonly

used to separate the water quality volume (WQV) from larger flows.


8/17


9/17


Page | 9

fine particles stick together to form bigger particles that can better settle out or be filtered out

more effectively. Depending on the microbial and chemical makeup of the water, dif ferent

chemicals are used as coagulants. The purpose of these two steps is to improve the

performance of the re maining treatment processes.

Here the coagulant are being dosing. The coagulant aid that use are sodi

l

i

t

and sulp

t

of

lumi

.

i

ureshowthe floccul

tion t

nk, Asajaya

ater

reatment Plant.

(4) Flotation tanks formation of sludge blanket

The principle of floatation is based on the transfer of particles to the surface of a liquidthrough attachment of micro -bubbles to the particle surfaces. This principle is opposite to thesedimentation process whereby the unwanted particles or flocs in th e latter settle to the


10/17


Page | 10

bottom of the tank and clarified water is collected at the top to undergo further filtration

stage.

In the DAF system, size of the micro-bubbles is best maintained at 50 micrometer(microns) in order to increase the contact surface area with the flocs and therefore increasethe solid separation efficiency. The particles are then removed as a floating sludge by

mechanical skimming units (scrappers), continuously into the Sludge Treatment Plant.

Schematic diagram of DAF flotation pl ant,Asajaya

ater

reatment Plant.

(5) Filtration tank filtration of setteled water through filtermedia

The filtering method that uses in asajaya plant is Rapid sand filter. In this plant, it use 4units of Rapid Gravity Sand Filter. As filtration implies, water flows through a material thatremoves particles, organisms, and/or contaminants. The material used is most often agranular medium such as sand, crushed anthr acite coal, or activated carbon . Along with


11/17


Page | 11

varying the size and type of filter media, facilities are also designed to operate at differentflow rates through the filter media. Traditional filtration plants include slow sand filtration,high-rate filtration, and diatomaceous earth filtration.

It occurs by forcing water through a membrane barrier. A membrane is like a high -tech coffee filter. As water under pressure flows through the membrane, contaminants andorganisms are captured on the membrane and not allowed to pass through. Membranes arenot well suited to highly contaminated source waters because the solid materials clog up themembrane almost immediately.

Fi

ureshowthe filtercontroldevice , Asajaya

ater

reatment Plant.

Fi

ureshowthe filtration tank , Asajaya

ater

reatment Plant.

(6) Disinfection free chlorine

Disinfectants used include chlorine, chloramines (chlorine plus ammonia), ozone, ultraviolet

light, and chlorine dioxide. Also, the calcium Hypochlorite is dising in this process. The

advantage of chlorination is that it continues to kill bacteria as water moves through pipes to

the tap. Its disadvantage is the possibility of disinfection by -products.


12/17


Page | 12

Excess chlorine in water can combine with organic material in the water to form

substances such as trihalomethanes, which can cause liver, kidney, or central nervous

system problems, and are linked to an increased risk of cancer over a lifetime exposure.

Viruses and giardiaare effectively killed by chlorine.

Disinfection is needed to inactivate (kill) bacteria and viruses that make it through the

physical removal (filtration) steps

(7) Ph adjustment & fluoridation

Prior to the treated water entering the first of two reservoirs, pH adjustment must occur

for corrosion control. Caustic soda Ash is added to the clarified water to provide water with a

minimum alkalinity of at least 15 mg/L and a pH of 7.0 7.4.


13/17


Page | 13

Chemicals are added to drinking water to adjust its hardness or softness, pH, and alkalinity.

Water that is acidic is very corrosive to the pipes and materials with which it comes into

contact.

Fluoride is frequently added to the water in many communities to improve the dental health

of younger residents. The addition of sodium Silicofluoride can reduce corrosivity and extend

the service life of pipelines, storage tanks, and building plumbing systems and reach 0.5

0.7 ppm. Pipes may also be coated with chemicals to prevent metals like copper from

dissolving in the water. In add ition, chemicals are used to reduce the leaching of lead from

old lead pipes and lead -soldered copper supply pipes.

Figuresshow thesodium thatdosingduringfluoridation , Asajaya ater reatment Plant.

(8) Plant storage tank

After the final treated water was done, it will store and keep in the ground storage tank that

accommodate for capacity of 2.187 ML.


14/17


Page | 14

FigureshowGroundStorage

ank , Asajaya

ater

reatment Plant.

Figureshow Simunjanwatersupplytreatedwaterpump s,Asajaya

ater

reatment Plant.

Conclusion


15/17


Page | 15

JKR Water service connection at Asajaya (1995-2004)


16/17


Page | 16

References

Books/journal

Internet


17/17


Page | 17

Individual references

Documents

penauk assigment