Oil Analysis Basics Presentation:

How oil analysis reports will show Wear metals, Oil, Water & Fuel patterns or information improved engine maintenance &

performance or product comparison.

Data provided for information purposes - not to compare products

SynMax University – www.synmaxperformancelubricants.com

Oil Analysis Basics

•All Oil analysis reports have the same basic elements

•Oil Sample Information ( when and how is was taken)

(Sample number, Date , Miles or Hours on Unit or Oil.)

•Wear Metals measured in Parts Per Millions (PPM)

(Copper, Iron, Lead, Chromium, Aluminum, Lead)

•Additives measured in Parts Per Millions (PPM)

(Molybdenum, Phosphorus, Zinc, Magnesium, Calcium)

Contaminates

(Antifreeze, Fuel Dilution, Water, Silicon)

Oil Properties

(Viscosity, SAE / ISO, Sulfur, Oxidation, Nitration, Soot)

Engine Oil Analysis Basics - Additives

Additives:

Manufacturer blends these element into the oil in different forms &

quantities. Additive package will vary depending on the type of oil

•Molybdenum – anti-wear for surface coating or treatment.

•Zinc – anti-wear works as “buffer zone” between surface areas.

•Phosphorous – anti-wear & extreme pressure work together w/ Zinc.

•Magnesium – dispersant/detergent

“ability to remove, hold & suspend dirt”

•Calcium - dispersant/detergent

“ability to hold & suspend contaminates”

•Sodium - dispersant/detergent

Valvoline Racing ( 10W30) Oil Analysis.

Moly 1, Zinc/Phous.1300 Calcium 775, Silcon 6 Viscosity 10.72

Moly 1221, Zinc/Phous.1200 Calcium 849, Silcon 9, Viscosity 10.9

Joe Gibbs XP-3 ( 10W30) Oil Analysis

SAMPLE OIL ANALYSIS:

Engine Oil Analysis Basics – WEAR METALS

Wear Metals ( Copper, Iron, Chromium, Aluminum, Lead)

These metals indicate wear on particular components in a compartment.

The particles reported in parts per million (PPM) indicates a wear

problem on a microscopic level before the problem can be detected by

conventional means. The essence of a wear problem is determined not

only by maximum limits for each metal, but more importantly, by a

relative increase or trend in one or more of these metals.

* Lead for racing applications, normally indicates the amount of racing

fuel in the oil from a leaded race fuel.

Wear Metal Normal Abnormal Severe Extra Severe

Iron 100 100-250 250-400 400+

Copper 40 40-100 100-200 200+

Chromium 40 40-100 100-200 200+

Aluminum 40 40-100 100-200 200+

Lead* 50 50-100 100-200 200+

Silicon 20 20-50 50-100 100+

Engine Oil Analysis Basics - Additives

Molybdenum –

• Normal lubricants 0 ppm

• Advanced lubricants 100 ppm

• Advanced & Race levels 400+ ppm

Moly particulate size used within the oil is very important – (Large

particulate size will plug oil filters.) Quality Nano-dimension Moly

additives which are .1 micron (or less) and will pass through the smallest

fibers of oil filters and remain suspended within the oil without fall out

...……………………………………

•Zinc & Phosphorous – anti-wear works as “buffer zone”

between surface areas.

• Normal / Street level 500 ppm

• Heavy Duty / Race level 1300 ppm to 1500 ppm

• Extreme Duty Race level 1500 – 3000 ppm

Note: Higher Zinc / Phosphorous levels perform the following duties:

Increased the “Buffer Zone” area between surface parts for increased

anti-oxidation capabilities – which assists oil thermal & viscosity stability.

Engine Oil Analysis Basics - Additives

Reduce Oxidation = longer fluid life

•Oxidation is “thermal decomposition” or simply “breakdown” from heat

reducing oil life & performance.

•The rate of oxidation becomes significant above 160°F (71°C). For every

18°F (10°c) temperature reduction, the rate of oxidation decreases and oil

life doubles.

•When heat is reduced, so is the oxidization breakdown process – which

increases oil life.

•Oil Oxidation – Quantity of oxidation performance in a used lubricant is a

direct measure of the oil’s serviceability. Oxidation thickens the oil and

forms harmful deposits which can corrode and hinder moving parts.

Excessive levels of oxidization are normally found because of

overheating, overworking or over extending oil drain interval(s).

• Advancements in oil product design provides thermal stability through

the synergy operations of better base oils for reduced internal molecule

friction, with natural viscosity durability, including nano-dimensional

moly or even nano diamond plating action, increased anti-wear level

performance, with advanced anti-oxidation additives.

• Friction and heat is greatly reduced.

Engine Oil Analysis Basics – Additives Detergency

Additives:

•Magnesium – dispersant/detergent “ability to hold & suspend dirt”

•Calcium - dispersant/detergent “ability to hold & suspend

contaminates”

•Sodium - dispersant/detergent

Lower : 500 ppm – 1000 ppm

HD - Standard: 1100 ppm – 1500 ppm

Extreme/Racing: 1600 ppm – 3000+ ppm

Detergent additive quality and the amount used is equally important

both in Heavy Duty, Diesel & Racing applications which are similar in

creating carbon & contaminates from extreme duty uses etc.

Greater detergency additive performance, increases ability to flush

and hold in suspension contaminates within the oil, while allowing the

oil to still perform it’s lubrication duties at the highest required level.

Engine Oil Analysis Basics - Contaminates

Contaminates

Antifreeze – in lubricating oil, even a small amount of antifreeze may

cause extreme engine sludge and possible failure

(0.1-0.49%=Severe; 0.5% or greater = Extra Severe)

Water – Any water present in most systems is abnormal The water

test, when in conjunction with other related tests in indicative of condensation, a serious coolant leak, an outside source of contamination, or emulsification of the lubricant

(0.1%-0.49% = Abnormal; 0.5%-0.99% or Greater = Extra Severe)

Fuel Dilution – The amount of unburned fuel present in the

lubricant. In excessive amounts fuel may reduce the lubricants effectiveness, accelerate wear and may result in engine failure. This test will indicate such problems as fuel line, injector, carburetor and pump leaks.

Engine Oil Analysis Basics – Contaminates

Silicon is (non metal particles)

•Sand, dirt, dust or similar type of abrasive ingested into the system.

•May also be indicative of an anti-foam additive.

• Silicone particles from seal/gaskets or engine building materials.

Silicon normal levels is 6 – 12%.

Anything above 22 could effect anti-foam package.

Note: Anti-foam level is a delicate balance ( more or less is not better)

it is possible high dirt or “silicon” levels can throw anti-foam balance.

Oil Analysis Basics –Viscosity

Viscosity – This is the single most important property of a lubricating

oil. It is the measure of the flow or an oil at a given temperature,

ISO Viscosity Test is taken at 40C

SAE Viscosity test is taken at 100C or about 210F.

VISCOSITY @ 100c

Engine oils.

SAE Grade Range (CST)

5 3.80

10 4.10

20 5.60-9.29

30 9.30-12.49

40 12.50-16.29

50 21.90 – 26.09

Note: Synthetic oils over non-synthetic products has the ability to flow easier,

maintain viscosity index longer, come temperature and disperse heat quicker.

But Synthetics base oils do not replace the quality of other required additives for

high standards of performance.

Engine Oil Analysis Basics –Viscosity

Reduce Friction - Increase Energy

Basic Illustration of all elements working in “Synergy / Stability”. Through the “Advantages” of: • Better Base Oil (yellow) ( Pure Synthetic or Synthetic blend) (Lower internal oil friction & greater heat dissipation) • Moly or Diamond Plating (blue) (nano- dimensional protection Including the filling of sub–micro sized gaps)

• Anti-Wear “AW” additive increase % (red) (metal surface “buffer” for friction reduction)

Producing Thermal stability while reducing Oxidization and Increasing Viscosity Performance over the entire life of the oil.

Reduce Friction - Increase Energy

Illustration of all elements working in “Synergy ”

The Choice is simple– All major elements & advantages working together

Just because the bottle says

racing or heavy duty oil,

does not mean that is

contains the best of all the

elements required. Without

advanced additive packages

the engine suffers with

metal to metal contact and

thermal breakdown

Friction decreased; both

internally within the base oil

and externally between the

oil and contact surface

areas with moly or Diamond

nano-dimensional plate

action including “AW” and

other advanced additive

packages.

.

Moly 1112, Zinc/Phous.1000, Calcium 775, Silcon 10, Viscosity 8.9

Moly 937, Zinc/Phous.900, Calcium 1135, Silcon 10, Viscosity 8.53

Moly 823, Zinc/Phous.1000 Calcium 1473, Silcon 13, Viscosity 9.53

Joe Gibbs XP-2 (0W20) Oil Analysis

Joe Gibbs XP-1 (5W20) Oil Analysis.

Valvoline Racing ( 10W30) Oil Analysis.

Moly 1, Zinc/Phous.1300 Calcium 775, Silcon 6 Viscosity 10.72

Moly 1221, Zinc/Phous.1200 Calcium 849, Silcon 9, Viscosity 10.9

Joe Gibbs XP-3 ( 10W30) Oil Analysis

Joe Gibbs XP-5 ( 20W50) Oil Analysis. Synthetic Blend.

Moly 0790 Zinc/Phous. 700, Calcium 516, Silcon 5 Viscosity 15.8

Moly 0451 Zinc/Phous.1900 Calcium 2400, Silcon 9, Viscosity 14.3

Schaeffer Racing Oil (20W50) Oil Analysis (used) Synthetic Blend

Valvoline VR1 Racing ( 20W50) Oil Analysis.

Moly 0, Zinc/Phous. 1200, Calcium 2800, Silcon 4 Viscosity 19.0

Moly 451 Zinc/Phous.1400 Calcium 685, Silcon 3, Viscosity 17.6

Joe Gibbs Racing Oil XP-6 (15W50) Oil Analysis Synthetic

Pennzoil GT Competition (20W50) Oil Analysis.

Moly 114, Zinc/Phous. 2300, Calcium 2932, Silcon 21 Viscosity 19.0

Moly 0, Zinc/Phous.1100 Calcium 1950, Silcon 3, Viscosity 20.4

Brad Penn Racing Oil ( 20W50) Oil Analysis

Oil Basics Analysis - END.

Aeromotive Research and Development Group presentation for

SynMax University – www.synmaxperformancelubricants.com