Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body

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Objectives

List in order the three stages of the body’s response to stress.

Identify four types of early warning signs for stress.

Describe the relationship between stress and illness.

Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body

Thursday, February 20

Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body

Exercise Ball Warm-UpOverhead Squats x 10Oblique Side to Side x 10Back Extensions x 10Crunches x 10Goal Posts x 10Pushups x 10

Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body

Section 1 Reading Review Questions1. What is stress? Explain how stress can be both

positive and negative.

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2. When do people experience stress?

3. What is meant by the term stressor?

4. List the four general types of stressors and give an example of each type.

5. List five stressful experiences that you have faced in the past two weeks. Next to each, note whether it was a positive or a negative experience for you.

Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body

Stressed Out: Stress Management 101http://50.62.143.146/hrm/web/jwplayer/video4_1.html

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Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body

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Health Stats Is there a relationship between stress and the risk of catching a cold?

Predict why being in a prolonged stressful situation might increase the likelihood of getting a cold.

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The body’s response to stress occurs in three stages

Stages of Stress

• the alarm stage• the resistance stage • the exhaustion stage

Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body

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Alarm Stage

4) Breathing rate increases.

5) More sugar released into blood. Ability of blood clot increases.

6) Flow of blood to skin reduced. Sweating increases.

8) Pupils open wide.

10) Lump forms in throat as muscles contract.

3) Flow of blood to brain increases.

2) Heart rate and blood pressure increase.

7) Flow of blood to digestive system reduced. Digestion slows. More stomach acid produced.

1) Adrenaline released into blood.

9) Muscles tense. More energy produced by cells.

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Fight-or-Flight Response

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• During this stage, your body adapts to the continued presence of the stressor.

• The work that your body does during the resistance stage uses up a lot of energy. As a result, you may become tired, irritable, and less able to handle any added stress.

Resistance Stage

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• Your body can no longer keep up with the demands placed on it.

• Your physical and emotional resources are depleted.

Exhaustion Stage

• Exhaustion occurs only if a stressor continues for a long time—usually weeks, months, or even years.

The Science of Stress Video

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Recognizing Signs of Stress

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Stress and IllnessStress can trigger certain illnesses, reduce the body’s ability to fight an illness, and make some diseases harder to control.

• Stomachaches• Asthma• Headaches• Lowered Resistance to Disease• Heart Disease

Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body

Practice: Warning Signs of Stress• Work with a partner at your table to complete the

“Warning Signs of Stress” worksheet. • Be prepared to share with the class your responses.

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Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body

Saturday Morning Cartoons TRIVIA1. Who was Electra Woman’s partner?

A. Girl WonderB. Wonder GirlC. Adventure GirlD. Dyna Girl

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Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body

Saturday Morning Cartoons TRIVIA2. In the Fantastic Four, who replaced the Human

Torch?A. Herbie the RobotB. Ice ManC. Shana of the JungleD. Thing

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Saturday Morning Cartoons TRIVIA3. Which TV show did not become a Saturday morning

cartoon?A. Gilligan’s IslandB. Green AcresC. Star TrekD. Happy Days

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Saturday Morning Cartoons TRIVIA4. Penelope Pitstop is constantly being chase by what

bad guy?A. Dick DastardlyB. The Hooded ClawC. SchmedleyD. Mutley

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Review your responses. Then explain why you might be more or less likely to be under stress than others.

Switch to QuickTake version of the quiz.

Quick Quiz How many of the following statements accurately describe how you think or behave?

I need to be the best at everything I do.

If something doesn’t go as planned, I feel like afailure.

I tend to expect the worst in most situations.

I want to be liked by everyone.

I really enjoy competition.

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How you react to a stressor depends on how you assess the situation.

Responses to Stress Vary

• Is this situation a threat to my well-being?• Do I have the necessary resources to meet the

challenge?

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Stress and PersonalityYour personality influences your assessment of a situation.

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• Optimism is the tendency to focus on the positive aspects of a situation.

Optimism and Pessimism

• Pessimism is the tendency to focus on the negative and expect the worst.

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• A perfectionist is a person who accepts nothing less than excellence.

Aiming for Perfection

• There are ways to break the cycle and reduce your stress.• Accept that you cannot be perfect.

• Take pride in the things you do well.

• Don’t focus on your mistakes.

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• The key factor in resilience is having the support of family and friends.

Resilience

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• You can do many things to keep stress under control.

Take Control of Stress

• It is important to distinguish between stressors that you can control and those that you cannot.

• It is important to distinguish between stressors that you can control and those that you cannot.

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Time wasters keep you from making the best use of the time you have to study.

Time Management

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Mental Rehearsal• In a mental rehearsal, you practice an event without

actually doing the event.

• The event takes place in your mind as you imagine yourself performing at your best.

• You might rehearse every aspect of the event a few times over until you feel confident that you can perform it as imagined.

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Reduce TensionEven when a stressor isn’t under your control, there are things you can do to reduce the stress.Physical ActivityBy doing something physically active, you provide your body with a healthy outlet for built-up energy.

Relaxation The goal of relaxation techniques is to give your mind and bodya rest.BiofeedbackWith biofeedback, people learn to control one or more body functions by monitoring their body’s responses. The functions that they learn to control are ones that are often affected by stress, such as heart rate or blood pressure.

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Change Your ThinkingSometimes you can reduce your level of stress by changing the way you think about stressors.Avoiding Negative ThinkingOne way to change your thinking is to replace negative thoughts with positive ones.

Humor If you use humor carefully, it can be an effective tool for managing stress. But don’t use humor to cover up your true feelings.

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Positive and Negative ThinkingAs a group, brainstorm and record negative thoughts about each situation below.

For each negative thought, brainstorm and record a positive thought. Discuss how the different thoughts would make you feel if you were in each situation.

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1. A basketball player is about to take a foul shot.Negative Thoughts: Positive Thoughts:2. A student walks out on a stage to give a speech.Negative Thoughts: Positive Thoughts:3. Your teacher hands you a test and tells you to finish it in 30 minutes.Negative Thoughts: Positive Thoughts:4. You suddenly remember that you left your wallet on a park bench.Negative Thoughts: Positive Thoughts:

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Reach Out for Support• Sometimes the stress in your life becomes too

overwhelming for you to handle on your own.

• Sometimes all you need is someone to talk to. Sharing your problems can help you see themmore clearly.

• Just describing your concerns to someone else often helps you to understand the problem better.