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Biography
Dr. James TruchardPresident, CEO, and Cofounder
James Truchard, president and CEO, cofounded National Instruments in 1976 and has pioneered the way scientists and engineers solve the world's grand engineering challenges
National Instruments now has presence in over 50 countries and annual revenues of $1.2 billion. Dr. Truchard is an IEEE Fellow, a member of the National Academy of Engineering, a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences.
Truchard holds a doctorate in electrical engineering, as well as a master's degree and bachelor's degree in physics, all from the University of Texas at Austin
ni.com
COTS Platform-Based Design For Spectrum Monitoring &
Signal Intelligence
Dr. James TruchardPresident, CEO, and Cofounder
National Instruments
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Long-Term Track Record of Growth
Revenue: $1.23 billion in 2015
Global Operations: Approximately 7,300 employees; operations in 60 countries
Broad customer base: More than 35,000 companies served annually
Diversity: No industry >15% of revenue
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'87'88'89'90'91'92'93'94'95'96'97'98'99'00'01'02 03 04'05'06'07'08'09'10
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Revenue (in millions)
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The Role of a Platform
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Are you wearing a watch?
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A Platform Revolutionizes Your Approach to Solutions
Level Wrist WatchComputers Te lev is ionMusic Player Smar t Phones E-Readers
Desktop and Laptops iPad iPhone iPod
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Why Do Ecosystems Win?
1.25 Million Apps 1,000 new/day
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Platform-Based Design for Communications Systems
A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, UC Berkeley. Defining Platform Based Design. EEDesign, Feb 2002
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Three Pillars of Differentiation
Differentiation of our Software and Hardware Platform
Ecosystem• User Community• NI Support• NI Channel• Partners• 3rd Party HW & SW• NI Services
Leveraging Moore’s Law Growth of the Ecosystem
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Moore’s Law & Commercial Technology Investments Driving Platform Value
1.00E+00
1.00E+10
2.00E+10
3.00E+10
4.00E+10
5.00E+10
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Calc
ulat
ions
per
Sec
ond
per D
olla
r (li
near
scal
e)
Computing Price-Performance: 2000-2020 (Linear Scale)
CPS/$ Data Used for Fit (1946-2009) Fit CPS/$
30 Years~ 20,000 Man-Years
ADCs / DACS CPUs / FPGAs RF Components
Continuous investment in our Platform
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Platform Based Design for 5G
ReconfigurableInstruments
High Performance
IOUSRP RIO
SDRUSRPSDR
PHY Next GenCognitive MIMO mmWave
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Platform Based Design – Beyond Math
Algorithm Design + Prototyping=
Algorithm Engineering
Design Prototype Deploy
14ni.com LEGO, MINDSTORMS, and WEDO are trademarks of the LEGO Group. ©2014 The LEGO Group.
The LabVIEW Dataflow PlatformUC Berkeley 1972
-1980
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-1990
-199319941995199619971998
-2001
-2004
-2006200720082009
-2011
-
2014
Berkeley SPICE1
EDA Design Tools – Synopsys (1986) • Cadence (1988)
Ptolemy I
Boolean Dataflow • Multidimensional SDF Integer Dataflow
Ptolemy II Heterochronous Dataflow
Giotto
PRET
LabVIEW Compiler
LabVIEW Multithreading LabVIEW Real-Time Module
LabVIEW FPGA Module LabVIEW Control Design and Simulation Module
LEGO® MINDSTORMS® NXT-G LabVIEW MathScript LabVIEW Statechart Module • LEGO® Education WeDo™
LabVIEW FPGA IP BuilderLabVIEW DSP Design Module
Multirate Diagram
Synchronous Dataflow LabVIEW 1.0
Bounded Dynamic Dataflow
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Combination of a Turing Complete Dataflow Language with Synchronous Dataflow
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The Hybrid ApproachCombined Graphical / Textual Programming
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FPGAsMulticoreProcessors
Task Parallelism Data Parallelism Pipelining
Parallel Programming with LabVIEW
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Platform Enabled Design Flow
Algorithm Development System Mapping System
Implementation
Collaborative Design Team or Single Design Team
Single, Cohesive Toolchain
Algorithm running on prototype
HeterogenousMulti-Processing Including FPGA’s
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The Revolution in Rapid PrototypingLabVIEW Communications System Design Suite
Hardware Software
Hardware Aware Design
Environment
Algorithmic Design Languages
Cohesive Design Flow
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IO Synchronized With a Global Clock
User Programmable FPGAs
Timed Loops
Software Constructs: FIFOs and Queues
Flexibility
Structured Dataflow
Backplane TimingTim
e Sc
ale
Nanoseconds
Milliseconds
Microseconds
Technologies for Time and Concurrency
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One Common Underlying Architecture
?Analog Input
Digital Output
Digital Input
Analog OutputFPGA CPU
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Microwave Product Suite - Software
Driver SoftwareRFSA, RFSG & RFmxToolkitsSoftware Ease of UseFast Measurements
FPGA ExtensionsReal-Time Spectrum AnalysisStreaming and Synchronization
SFP SupportSpectrum Analyzer SoftwareDebug featuresRF Measurements
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NI USRP RIO Driver Software (Host + FPGA)
Host PC FPGA RF
DMAFIFO
ADCADC
PLLI Impairment Correction
Frequency
Shift
FractionalDecimator
Impairment Correction
Frequency
Shift
FractionalInterpolator
DMAFIFO
DACDAC
PLLI
200 MHz Data Clock
OFDM Receiver
OFDM Transmitter
Your CodeHere
Your CodeHere
Your Host CodeHere
Your Host CodeHere
Rx
Tx
Host PC NI USRP RIOPCI Express x4 Cable
Q
Q
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Typical Design Flows
.m algorithmC/C++ or
GNU Radio
Xilinx Vivado / VHDL / RFNoC
.m algorithm
AND / ORLabVIEW algorithm
LabVIEW LabVIEWFPGA
HDL Coder + LV CLIP Node
MathScript RT
HDL CoderC Coder
G
Open source
Community Supported
Sophisticated Users
One off Systems
LabVIEW Platform
NI supported
Ease-of-Use
Open EcosystemG
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Elements of a Spectrum Monitoring System
1 to N Radio Front Ends
CPU
GPU
FPGA
Multi-Processor Architecture
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
System Completion
Storage
Data Bus Data Bus
Software is Hard!!!Hardware is Commoditized Storage is Commoditized
MechanicalsFPGA
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Spectrum Monitoring System Considerations
Receiver Performance• Scan Rate• Preselection & Dynamic Range• Linearity (SHI and TOI)• Noise Figure / Sensitivity
System Completion• Transportable (SWAP)• Graphical display• Data storage and playback• Multi-channel and multi-system
synchronization and GPS time stamping
Signal Processing• Modulation/Signal Recognition • Digital downconversion/channelization• Filtering and windowing functions
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Scalable Platform for RF and Wireless CommunicationCommon LabVIEW Graphical System Design Software
Perfo
rman
ce
Price
FlexRIO200 MHz BW4.4 GHz Fc
High PerformanceRF and Baseband
Transceivers
Software DesignedInstrumentation
VST200 MHz BW
6 GHz Fc
High Performance VSA
VSA765 MHz BW26.5 GHz Fc
High PerformanceSDR Prototyping
USRP RIO160 MHz BW
6 GHz Fc
Host BasedSDR Prototyping
USRP20 MHz BW
6 GHz Fc
mmWaveTransceiver
mmWave2 GHz BW76 GHz Fc
Maximum SFDR of 117 dB
(1 Hz BW) at 20 GHz
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Spectrum Monitoring / SIGINT Product Portfolio
E310 USRP-RIO FlexRIO VST PXIe-5668R Bee7
Signal Processing (TMACs) 0.276 2.8 2.8 1.2 (native)Expandable to 41.0
2.8 (native)Expandable to 31.3
21.3 (native)Expandable to 127.8
Maximum SFDR 66 dB 80 dB 106 dB 110 dB 120 dB 58 dB
Analog Bandwidth 56 MHz 120 MHz 200 MHz 200 MHz 765 MHz 2 GHz (IF BW)
Specification Type Characteristic Characteristic Characteristic Guaranteed Guaranteed Characteristic
Shock & Vibration 30 g peak shock0.3 grms vibration
30 g peak shock0.3 grms vibration
30 g peak shock0.3 grms vibration
30 g peak shock0.3 grms vibration
Volume 239 cm3 2,365 cm3 1,349 cm3 40,743 cm3
(18 slot chassis)40,743 cm3
(18 slot chassis)122,379 cm3
(14 slot chchassis)
Channels per System 2 Rx per module 2 Rx per module 1 per module 5 per chassis 3 per chassis 1 (2 GHz BW)
Example Applications Spectrumrecording
RTSA and Multi-channel DDC
RTSA and Multi-channel DDC
4x4 Digital channel emulator
Blind detection and real-time demod
Prototype eNB with full protocol stack
LabVIEW
GNU Radio
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40TB/s Processed 50μs Cycle Time 400FPGA Modules
Ultra High Performance Computing For Real-Time Streaming Applications
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High Performance Real-Time Spectral Analysis Using LabVIEW FPGA
Channelizer DDC Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer
• Persistence & Spectrogram Display• Custom Mask Trigger• Integrated record to disk capability• < 1.5 us POI (5668R)
• Pipelined Frequency Transform (PFT) based
• Up to 512 independent channels• Variable bandwidths and center frequencies• Total channelization bandwidth 100 MHz
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Angle of Arrival Detection: MUSIC Algorithm
Testing MUSIC direction finding algorithm
Rapid prototyping in LabVIEW with MathScript RT
Synchronized up to12 USRP devices
Reference provides continuous phase alignment compensation
Calibration Signal
USRPRX 1External
Clock
HostComputer
USRPRX 2
USRPRX 3
USRPRX 4
USRPTX
GigESwitch
Marc Willerton, Imperial College London, Communications and Signal Processing Group
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Radio Monitoring System• Frequency Coverage: 20MHz – 7GHz• Real Time Bandwidth: 300MHz• RF Scanning at 100GHz/s• RF Analysis using 512 channelizer, RTSA and
Automatic Modulation Classification• RF record & playback @ 300MHz• RF Localization with 5 channel RF channels using
correlative interferometry / MUSIC algorithm with accuracy of <1 degree
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PXI 5G Implementation
Massive MIMO
mmWave Cellular
Dense Networks/New Waveforms
Platform Capability:Up to 2 Antennas2 GHz BWUp to 110 GHz Frequency>10 Gbps Throughput
Platform Capability:Up to 256 AntennasUp to 160 MHz BWUp to 6GHz Frequency>10 Gbps Aggregate Throughput
Platform Capability:Up to 2 AntennasUp to 160 MHz BWUp to 6GHz Frequency>1 Gbps Throughput
Implemented Today:Up to 2 Antennas2 GHz BW72 GHz Frequency10 Gbps Throughput
Implemented Today:100 Antennas20 MHz BWUp to 6GHz Frequency1 Gbps Aggregate Throughput
Implemented Today:2 Antennas20 MHz BWUp to 6GHz Frequency>1 Gbps Throughput
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LTE, 802.11and Massive MIMO Application Frameworks
Applications Customize LTE and 802.11 LTE/802.11 coexistence New 5G waveforms Massive MIMO
Fastest path from algorithm to prototypeSingle language for host and FPGA design in LabVIEWDocumented for ease of use and understanding
Open and Modular Source Code~50% of FPGA resources available for customizationReplace existing blocks with your own waveform designs
Real-time wireless system implementationReady to run PHY and basic MACCommunicate between devices or in loop-back mode
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mmWave Prototyping
“It took about 1 calendar year, less than half the time it would have taken with other tools”
Dr. Amitava Ghosh, Head of Broadband Wireless Innovation, Nokia Networks
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Nokia Timeline w/ NI Platform
Brooklyn 5G Summit 2014
NIWeek 2015 MWC 2016
73 GHz 73 GHz 73 GHz1 GHz 2 GHz 2 GHz
1x1 2x2 2x216 QAM 16 QAM 64 QAM
2.3 Gbps >10 Gbps >14.5 Gbps
FrequencyBandwidthStreamsModulationPeak rate
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End-to-end Real-time LTE-like Wireless HD Video Link
Prototype completed in 4 weeks
MPEG-4 720p video streaming and playback over UDP at 1.5 Mbps
7.68MS/s IQ Rate, modeled after LTE framing
Tx/Rx physical layer in LabVIEW FPGA with FlexRIOand 5791 RF Transceiver
DSP prototyping in LABVIEW DSP Design Module with high-performance IP development in LabVIEW FPGA IP Builder
“Impressive productivity in a very short amount of time”Predrag Spanovic, Rutgers
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Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS)• April 2015: FCC (US) adopted three-tiered spectrum sharing architecture for the “fast-track” band at (3550-3700 MHz) • According to sharing rules, Tier 2 and Tier 3 devices can only use spectrum when it is ”clear”• Environmental Sensing Capability (ESC) monitors spectrum and communicates with a central Spectrum Access
System (SAS) which manages interference protection
Incumbents
Priority Access License
General Authorized Access
Tier 1
Tier 3
Tier 2
• Military ground-based radar: Occasional use at 3650-3700 MHz in 3 coastal areas
• Military ship-borne radar: Operate in 3550-3650 MHz in coastal areas, with 75% of traffic in 4 port cities
• Fixed-satellite service earth stations (receive-only): 35 sites around the U.S.; mostly coastal sites, limited to intercontinental international satellites
• Wireless Broadband Services (3650-3700 MHz: Thousands of small-cells that could be transitioned to Tier 2 or 3 operation after 5 years
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Intel CRAN-Massive MIMO at MWC 2016
• 3.5GHz• 64 antennas• 5 UEs• 20 MHz real-time bandwidth• Full uplink and downlink – TDD • Processing split between Intel Xeon
servers and NI FPGAs
UEs
CRAN ProcessingServers
AggregationPXI FPGA
eNodeBNI USRP RIOs
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Bristol University Achieves 1.5 Gbps in 20 MHz• 3.5GHz, 128 antenna system• 10 UEs• > 1.5 Gbps in 20 MHz spectrum• MMSE, precoding in FPGA• Pilot optimization• LabVIEW, NI USRP RIOs
Prof Mark Beach Paul Harris
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Cognitive Radio and Whitespace Detection
LabVIEW Graphical System Design
Spectral sensing with blind detection
GPS geographic localization
Adaptive spectrum utilization
“LabVIEW software and the NI USRP hardware are key components of this research project, allowing the team to rapidly prototype and successfully deploy the first cognitive radio test bed of this kind”
Dr. Paulo Marques
Dr. Paulo Marques & Dr. Gerhard Fettweis
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High-Resolution Software Defined Radar Systemfor Target Detection
Flexible Radar Prototyping• Rapidly switch between synthetic-aperture radar (SAR), Radar Meteo, Doppler, etc.• Easy implementation of new radar signal processing algorithms.• Low overall system cost with wide frequency coverage
Sandra Costanzo, Università della Calabria
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Passive RADAR Design on PXI
“We chose NI products is because of the user-friendly environment to develop the software”
Dr. Riccardo Mancinelli, Selex Sistemi Integrati
Digital beam forming to determine the direction of arrival of signals
Adaptive filtering to cancel any unwanted direct signal returns
Cross-correlation of the reference channel with the surveillance channels
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RF - DNA Fingerprinting Prototype SystemDevice identification based upon unique characteristics of EM/RF emissions
Intruder posing as Authorized User 1
Both nodes transmit identical signals
The intruder attempts to access the network by assuming the identity of Authorized User 1
Using RF-DNA fingerprinting, the AP can discern the differences in RF signature of the two identical signals
Authorized User 1 is granted access while the intruder is blocked and marked for location
Authorized User 1Access Point enabled with
RF-DNA Fingerprinting
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Developing an Open Multiconstellation GNSS Receiver
Multiconstellation Position Tracking Track multiple global navigation satellite
constellations concurrently, recording, processing, and visualizing the results
Acquisition performed by ORUS (open software receiver developed by M3)
Current coverage for both GPS (United States) and Galileo (Europe) constellations
Olivier Desenfans, M3 Systems
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SDR Integrators Ecosystem
Commercial LTE basestation
X-series USRP for GPS record, playback and simulation.
GPS Simulators using FPGAs SCA Compliant SDR
systems
RedHawk: An ecosystem for mil/govSDR applicationsGPS Simulators
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PXI Integrators Ecosystem
• COMINT for critical communications
• Arbitrary narrow—band• Channels• High Throughput• Fast Scanning and
Triggering
• 2D Geo-Location• 8-channel Spectrum
Environment Emulation• Post-capture analysis• Cross-Platform
integration
• NC10 Channelizer• Continuous Sample
Mode• Configurable Channels• Programmability
ni.com
COTS Platform-Based Design For Spectrum Monitoring &
Signal Intelligence
Dr. James TruchardPresident, CEO, and Cofounder
National Instruments
