National Fire Protection Association Report · Second Correlating Revision No. 1-NFPA 1971-2016 [ New Section after 4.3.16 ] 4.3.17 To facilitate the provision of compliance data

National Fire Protection Association

1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471

Phone: 617-770-3000 • Fax: 617-770-0700 • www.nfpa.org

M E M O R A N D U M

TO: Correlating Committee on Fire and Emergency Services Protective Clothing and

Equipment

FROM: Yvonne Smith, Project Administrator

DATE: January 12, 2017

SUBJECT: NFPA 1971 Second Draft Correlating Committee FINAL Ballot Results (A2017)

According to the final ballot results, all ballot items received the necessary affirmative votes to pass

ballot with the exception of those shown in the attached report and noted below:

Second Correlating Revisions (SCRs)

31 Members Eligible to Vote

4 Members Not Returned (Farley, Johnson, Legendre, Reall)

Failed Second Correlating Revision: SCR 1

Second Draft Ballot to Forward:

The ballot to Forward NFPA 1971 to the NFPA Standards Council for further processing did receive the

necessary affirmative vote to pass ballot.

31 Members Eligible to Vote

5 Members Not Returned (Fargo, Farley, Johnson, Legendre, Reall)

The attached report shows the number of affirmative, negative, and abstaining votes as well as the

explanation of the vote for each Second Correlating Revision.

To pass ballot, each Second Correlating Revision and the ballot to forward require: (1) simple majority

of those eligible to vote and (2) an affirmative vote of 3/4 of ballots returned. See Sections 3.3.4.3.(c)

and 4.4.11.5 of the Regulations Governing the Development of NFPA Standards.

Second Correlating Revision No. 1-NFPA 1971-2016 [ New Section after 4.3.16 ]

4.3.17

To facilitate the provision of compliance data from the manufacturer to the purchaser or to the authorityhaving jurisdiction, the certification organization shall provide to the manufacturer one or more reportsthat provide all design, performance, inspection, and test data demonstrating compliance of thecomponent, element, or ensemble with the requirements of the standard.

4.3.17.1

Each report shall include a summary table of all the relevant performance requirements that apply to thespecific component, element, or ensemble, including the following:

(1) The number of the paragraph that contains each requirement

(2) The specific criteria applied

(3) Observations and average measured values or pass/fail results as required to be reported by thetest method

4.3.17.2

The data shall be based on the initial certification data for the product using full replicate data.

4.3.17.3

The certification organization shall be permitted to omit certain performance data where those data arecontained in separate reports for individual materials, components, or parts of the elements orensembles that are shared by multiple elements or ensembles and where each separate report alsocontains a table of the performance requirements that apply to the specific individual materials,components, or parts of the element or ensemble.

4.3.17.4

Where performance data are omitted as permitted by 4.3.17.3 , reference shall be made to eachseparate report as part of one or more report(s) described in 4.3.17 and 4.3.17.1 .

4.3.17.5

The certification organization shall be permitted to provide to the manufacturer as separate documentsthe report summary tables specified in 4.3.17.1 and 4.3.17.4 .

Submitter Information Verification

Submitter Full Name: Chris Farrell

Organization: National Fire Protection Assoc

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Wed Nov 16 07:46:45 EST 2016

Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The proposed new paragraphs are intended to help provide compliance data in a more consistentand concise fashion that lets the authority having jurisdiction or purchaser more easily review thisinformation. A provision has been provided that allows this information to be split into separate

National Fire Protection Association Report http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/ContentFetcher?commentPara...

1 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

reports that pertain to individual materials, components, or parts that are separately tested andreported.

Ballot Results

This item has failed ballot

31 Eligible Voters

4 Not Returned

10 Negative with Comments

17 Affirmative All

0 Affirmative with Comments

0 Abstention

Not Returned

Farley, Edmund

Johnson, James S.

Legendre, Jeff

Reall, Jack E.

Negative with Comment

Corrado, Steven D.

This information is currently available to users upon request and is contained in Certification Documentation. It isunclear how this requirement will be fulfilled for the numerous THL and TPP composites - both shared andproprietary. It is also unclear how blanket acceptance of components are to be documented. Currently,manufacturers can tailor the supplied information to the particular request. This summary data will include all datafor any given test program - users will not be getting a summary of any individual garment or component.Additionally, this matter was discussed at the FAE-SPF TC meeting and was defeated during a vote.

Fargo, Cristine Z.

The concept was vetted by the TC and was not accepted; as such the CC should not include this text in thedocument. To include this language specific to this standard only raises correlation concerns with the otherdocuments under the CC's purview. Furthermore, the elements discussed in the new language are alreadyrequired in Section 4.4.6; additional information requested by the purchaser should be part of ongoing directengagement with the manufacturer in a way that can be customized and simplified based on the specificrequest---the standard should not dictate this.

Freese, Robert A.

4.4.6 The manufacturer shall maintain all design and performance inspection and test data from the certificationorganization used in the recertification of manufacturer models and components. The manufacturer shall providesuch data, upon request, to the purchaser or authority having jurisdiction. This section already makes itcompulsory for the requester to receive the certification information regarding the product purchased. Thecomplexity of permutations using component recognized items which when used together constitute the finalcertified product makes it virtually impossible for an end user to assemble all the correct components used in theirparticular product and arrive at the certification answer. It should be the manufacturer's responsibility to assemblethat information for the user inquiry.

Hess, Diane B.

This subject matter has had quite a bit of discussion and it is still not clear to me how the mechanics, logistics andimplementation of this will take place. I also have repeatedly heard that if requested, the “manufactures” doprovide upon request. It seems convoluted with data share programs, data ownership, proprietary nature andmultiple component certifications from various component suppliers. Perhaps garments are a much more difficult "unit" , versus boots, helmets, gloves, etc.


2 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Lehtonen, Karen E.

I do not agree with this SCR based on the following: The language in the SCR has not received any public review.This was new language submitted at the second draft correlating committee meeting. Discussion on this type oflanguage and the intent was held during the second revision meeting for NFPA 1971 and the decision of thetechnical committee did not support inclusion in the standard at this time. While some felt this is currentlyadequately addressed in the standard, others felt this type of language/direction was not the solution to theconcerns regarding the currently language. Currently this is not a correlating issue as this is new languagesubmitted at the second draft correlating committee meeting. If the Correlating Committee felt this direction wasneeded, language should have developed within the correlating committee and submitted to TC’s as part of therevision process not at the last minute (second revision correlating meeting) in the stds development process. Inaddition, this language was not included in other NFPA standards in this revision cycle thus there is no correlationissue. This additional clarification language should have been balloted though the system so there was a chancefor public review and input to the language; including review and input from the laboratories and certificationorganizations, some who were not present at the CC meeting where this was added.

Mauti, Benjamin

Manufacturers are already required to provide "all design and performance inspection and test data from thecertification organization" to purchasers or AHJs, as defined by paragraphs 4.3.16 and 4.4.6.

McKenna, Michael F.

This material was already rejected by the technical committee. I believe that it is inappropriate for the CC to forcethis on the TC when it was already ejected. There was a push to only put this requirement in 1971 and not the restof the documents under the project.

Morris, John H.

Test data does not necessarily reflect real world performance.

Van Lent, William A.

After further consideration I have decided to vote against this SCR. As has been pointed out, this language wasoriginally rejected by the 1971 Technical Committee when introduced for inclusion. The uncertainty regarding howthis information would be consolidated and presented was never clarified. If this information is required byend-users, it is my understanding it can be made available by making a specific request to the manufacturer(s).Additionally, I have not identified any relevant correlation issues with regard to standards within this project.

Winer, Harry P.

The submitter originally submitted this text to the 1971TC. The TC rejected this because the information isalready available to the fire departments. This requires all the information to be placed in formal tables which isadditional work by the certification organization. Manufacturers noted that they currently tailor the information towhat the department actually wants. The submitter has resubmitted it to the CC for section four, but only for 1971.1991 also rejected the same proposal but the CC took no action to included it in 1991. so therefore I feel there isalso a correlating issue by placing it in one standard only. This should be taken out of 1971 at this time.

Affirmative All

Allen, Jason L.

Area, James B.

Arrington, Joseph

Barker, Roger L.

Brinkley, James E.

Gleason, Patricia A.

Haskell, III, William E.

Haston, David V.

Hosea, Thomas M.

Mackin, Gregory J.

Matthews, David G.


3 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Stull, Jeffrey O.

Tomlinson, Tim W.

Tutterow, Jr., Robert D.

Varner, Bruce H.

Weinstein, Steven H.

Weise, Richard


4 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Second Correlating Revision No. 6-NFPA 1971-2016 [ Section No. 5.2.6 ]

5.2.6

For barrier particulate blocking hoods only, the following additional language shall be provided on theproduct label:

“THIS HOOD PROVIDES LIMITED BARRIER PARTICULATE BLOCKING PROTECTION.”




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

This requirement should be part of the structural labeling requirements. In the first draft report itwas inserted into 5.3.6 which are the proximity labeling requirements.

The SCR changed "barrier" to "particulate blocking" to be consistent with the rest of thestandard.

Committee Comment No. 10-NFPA 1971-2016 [Section No. 5.3.6]

Ballot Results

This item has passed ballot

31 Eligible Voters

4 Not Returned

27 Affirmative All



0 Abstention

Not Returned

Farley, Edmund

Johnson, James S.

Legendre, Jeff

Reall, Jack E.

Affirmative All

Allen, Jason L.


5 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Area, James B.

Arrington, Joseph

Barker, Roger L.

Brinkley, James E.

Corrado, Steven D.

Fargo, Cristine Z.

Freese, Robert A.



Haston, David V.

Hess, Diane B.

Hosea, Thomas M.

Lehtonen, Karen E.

Mackin, Gregory J.

Matthews, David G.

Mauti, Benjamin

McKenna, Michael F.

Morris, John H.

Stull, Jeffrey O.

Tomlinson, Tim W.



Varner, Bruce H.


Weise, Richard

Winer, Harry P.


6 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


6.14.2

The portions of the barrier particulate blocking hood interface component that include a barrier particulateblocking material specifically for meeting the requirements of 7.14.1 shall include all areas of the hood toat least 75 mm (3 in.) 37 mm (1.5 in.) above the reference plane when measured at the coronal planeand all areas of the hood to at least 75 mm (3 in.) 200 mm (8 in.) at the sides when measured at thecoronal plane and 225 mm (9 in.) at the front and rear when measured at the midsagittal plane below thereference plane as measured when the hood is placed on an ISO Size J headform.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

This safely maximizes the number of square inches of non-barrier area on the crown of the head toallow the greatest amount of unrestricted moisture vapor and highest levels of air permeability • Todetermine the it is safe, and that this defined crown area is indeed going to be shielded by the firehelmet: we took the shallowest fire helmet suspension we could find; setting the suspension to itsshallowest possible setting; then fitted it onto the ISO head form we measured vertically from theReference Plane to 5/8” above the lowest horizontal portion of the helmet suspension headband; itwas determined that at 1.5” above the Reference Plane that even if the firefighter were to wear theirhelmet in a tilted fashion, that the helmet and its suspension/headband would always cover themaximized permeable crown area as defined as 1.5” above the Reference Plane BELOW THEREFERENCE PLANE: • Based on the IAFF FAST Testing results, it readily apparent that it isnecessary to provide barrier protection the wearer’s neck, and 3” below the Reference Plane wouldnot even fall below most firefighter’s ear lobes, let alone offer any protection to any portion of thefirefighter’s neck. • To determine the minimum amount of barrier below the Reference Plane: severalmodels and sizes of hoods were examined, measured and marked while being worn with turnoutcoats, by individuals with hat sizes from 6 ½ to almost 7 ¾; theses hood were then placed on the ISOhead form to determine the minimum distance below the Reference Plane needed to protect the neck;it was determined that 8” at the sides and 9” at the front and rear would be sufficient.

The SCR changed "barrier" to "particulate blocking" for consistency.

SR-13-NFPA 1971-2016

Ballot Results


31 Eligible Voters

4 Not Returned

27 Affirmative All


7 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM



0 Abstention

Not Returned

Farley, Edmund

Johnson, James S.

Legendre, Jeff

Reall, Jack E.

Affirmative All

Allen, Jason L.

Area, James B.

Arrington, Joseph

Barker, Roger L.

Brinkley, James E.

Corrado, Steven D.

Fargo, Cristine Z.

Freese, Robert A.



Haston, David V.

Hess, Diane B.

Hosea, Thomas M.

Lehtonen, Karen E.

Mackin, Gregory J.

Matthews, David G.

Mauti, Benjamin

McKenna, Michael F.

Morris, John H.

Stull, Jeffrey O.

Tomlinson, Tim W.



Varner, Bruce H.


Weise, Richard

Winer, Harry P.


8 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


6.14.3

Binding, including the elastic and stitching around the barrier particulate blocking hood face opening shallbe permitted to exclude barrier particulate blocking material specifically for meeting the requirements of7.14.1 for a distance of 6 mm ( 1 ⁄4 inch) 50 mm (2 in.) from the inner leading edge of the hood faceopening. The distance shall be measured in eight separate locations with the hood lying on a flat surfacewith the face opening facing upwards and measured from the innermost row of stitching to the faceopening leading edge.

Supplemental Information

File Name Description

1971_SCR-8_6.14.3.docx Shows legislative changes. For staff use.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The typical width for the binding material is much greater than 1/4 inch. A 2 inch wide binding isbeing proposed to allow for current barrier hood products to continue to be used. It is important tospecify the leading edge of the hood opening as the reference basis for the measurementrequirement since the binding can be made relatively wide affecting the placement of stitching in theopening. Additional clarification added to describe how the distance shall be measured.

The SCR replaced "barrier" with "particulate blocking" for consistency.

Committee Comment No. 14-NFPA 1971-2016 [Section No. 6.14.3]

Ballot Results


31 Eligible Voters

4 Not Returned

27 Affirmative All



0 Abstention

Not Returned


9 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Farley, Edmund

Johnson, James S.

Legendre, Jeff

Reall, Jack E.

Affirmative All

Allen, Jason L.

Area, James B.

Arrington, Joseph

Barker, Roger L.

Brinkley, James E.

Corrado, Steven D.

Fargo, Cristine Z.

Freese, Robert A.



Haston, David V.

Hess, Diane B.

Hosea, Thomas M.

Lehtonen, Karen E.

Mackin, Gregory J.

Matthews, David G.

Mauti, Benjamin

McKenna, Michael F.

Morris, John H.

Stull, Jeffrey O.

Tomlinson, Tim W.



Varner, Bruce H.


Weise, Richard

Winer, Harry P.


10 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


7.6.5

Helmet shrouds shall be tested for adhesion durability as specified in Section 8.55, Adhesion After WetFlex–Tape Test, and shall show no evidence of separation or removal of the surface coating or laminatefrom the base material .




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: To correlate the performance requirement to the test method criteria.

Ballot Results


31 Eligible Voters

4 Not Returned

27 Affirmative All



0 Abstention

Not Returned

Farley, Edmund

Johnson, James S.

Legendre, Jeff

Reall, Jack E.

Affirmative All

Allen, Jason L.

Area, James B.

Arrington, Joseph

Barker, Roger L.

Brinkley, James E.


11 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Corrado, Steven D.

Fargo, Cristine Z.

Freese, Robert A.



Haston, David V.

Hess, Diane B.

Hosea, Thomas M.

Lehtonen, Karen E.

Mackin, Gregory J.

Matthews, David G.

Mauti, Benjamin

McKenna, Michael F.

Morris, John H.

Stull, Jeffrey O.

Tomlinson, Tim W.



Varner, Bruce H.


Weise, Richard

Winer, Harry P.


12 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


7.6.14

Helmet outer covers, where provided, shall be tested for adhesion durability as specified in Section 8.55,Adhesion After Wet Flex–Tape Method Test, and shall show no evidence of separation or removal of thesurface coating or laminate from the base material .




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement


Ballot Results


31 Eligible Voters

4 Not Returned

27 Affirmative All



0 Abstention

Not Returned

Farley, Edmund

Johnson, James S.

Legendre, Jeff

Reall, Jack E.

Affirmative All

Allen, Jason L.

Area, James B.

Arrington, Joseph

Barker, Roger L.

Brinkley, James E.


13 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Corrado, Steven D.

Fargo, Cristine Z.

Freese, Robert A.



Haston, David V.

Hess, Diane B.

Hosea, Thomas M.

Lehtonen, Karen E.

Mackin, Gregory J.

Matthews, David G.

Mauti, Benjamin

McKenna, Michael F.

Morris, John H.

Stull, Jeffrey O.

Tomlinson, Tim W.



Varner, Bruce H.


Weise, Richard

Winer, Harry P.


14 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


7.9.4

The radiant reflective protective areas as required in Section 6.9, Additional Design Requirements forProximity Fire Fighting Protective Glove Elements Only, of the glove body, glove interface component, andglove extension shall be tested for adhesion durability as specified in Section 8.55, Adhesion After WetFlex–Tape Method Test, and shall show no evidence of separation or removal of the surface coating orlaminate from the base material .




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement


Ballot Results


31 Eligible Voters

4 Not Returned

27 Affirmative All



0 Abstention

Not Returned

Farley, Edmund

Johnson, James S.

Legendre, Jeff

Reall, Jack E.

Affirmative All

Allen, Jason L.

Area, James B.

Arrington, Joseph

Barker, Roger L.


15 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Brinkley, James E.

Corrado, Steven D.

Fargo, Cristine Z.

Freese, Robert A.



Haston, David V.

Hess, Diane B.

Hosea, Thomas M.

Lehtonen, Karen E.

Mackin, Gregory J.

Matthews, David G.

Mauti, Benjamin

McKenna, Michael F.

Morris, John H.

Stull, Jeffrey O.

Tomlinson, Tim W.



Varner, Bruce H.


Weise, Richard

Winer, Harry P.


16 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Second Correlating Revision No. 2-NFPA 1971-2016 [ Sections 7.13.8, 7.13.9 ]

7.13.8

Knit The outermost hood material(s) shall be tested for material strength as specified in Section 8.13,Burst Strength Test, and shall have a burst strength of not less than 225 N (51 lbf). All additional hoodmaterial layers shall be tested for material strength as specified in Section 8.13 , Burst Strength Test, andshall have a burst strength of not less than 225 N (51 lbf).

7.13.9

Knit hood Hood seams shall be tested for seam strength as specified in Section 8.14, Seam-BreakingStrength Test, and shall have a burst strength of not less than 181 N (41 lbf).




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: Alternative option removed in burst strength test.

SR-34-NFPA 1971-2016

Ballot Results


31 Eligible Voters

4 Not Returned

27 Affirmative All



0 Abstention

Not Returned

Farley, Edmund

Johnson, James S.

Legendre, Jeff

Reall, Jack E.

Affirmative All


17 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Allen, Jason L.

Area, James B.

Arrington, Joseph

Barker, Roger L.

Brinkley, James E.

Corrado, Steven D.

Fargo, Cristine Z.

Freese, Robert A.



Haston, David V.

Hess, Diane B.

Hosea, Thomas M.

Lehtonen, Karen E.

Mackin, Gregory J.

Matthews, David G.

Mauti, Benjamin

McKenna, Michael F.

Morris, John H.

Stull, Jeffrey O.

Tomlinson, Tim W.



Varner, Bruce H.


Weise, Richard

Winer, Harry P.


18 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


8.1.9* Wet Conditioning Procedure 2 for Glove Composites.

8.1.9.1

Samples shall be conditioned by being subjected to a water spray that evenly deposits a mist of water onthe thermal barrier layer of the composite using the apparatus and procedures described in 8.1.9.2through 8.1.9.7.

8.1.9.2

A means of spraying water at a rate of 4.4 g ± 1.0 g (0.16 oz ± 0.04 oz) over a 20 second period or at anaverage rate of 0.22 g/s ± 0.5 g/s (0.008 oz/s ± 0.02 oz/s) uniformly over a 150 mm × 150 mm (6 in. × 6in.) sample while measuring the weight of the sample shall be employed.

8.1.9.2.1

The nozzle shall be positioned directly over the sample.

8.1.9.2.2

The nozzle for applying the water spray shall be designed not to drip on the sample before the onset orafter the completion of the designated water spray period.

8.1.9.2.3

The spraying shall be conducted in a closed chamber or area that limits disturbance of the mist depositionof the sample from air currents.

8.1.9.2.4

The sample shall be positioned on a balance that is capable of measuring the sample weight to thenearest 0.1 g (0.004 oz). The balance pan shall have a minimum pan dimension of 150 mm × 150 mm (6in. × 6 in.).


19 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

8.1.9.2.5

The uniformity of the water spray shall be determined (calibration) by measuring the mass of waterdeposited into 9 nine cups that measure 50 mm × 50 mm (2 in. × 2 in.) square that are positioned wherewater collects on the sample, as shown in Figure 8.1.9.2.5 . Uniformity of the spray pattern shall bedetermined by measuring the weight of each dry cup prior to the calibration and then measuring theweight of the cup following the application of the spray for a period of 20 seconds where the wet cupweights are within 20 percent of each other coefficient of variance of the weight gained by the nine cups isno more than 20 percent .

Figure 8.1.9.2.5 Glove Composite Wetting Method.

8.1.9.3

Samples for conditioning shall be the innermost layer of the glove composite that are cut to 150 mm × 150mm (6 in. × 6 in.).

8.1.9.4

The dry weight of the glove composite innermost layer sample to be wetted shall be measured on a spraychamber balance to the nearest 0.1 g (0.004 oz).

8.1.9.5

A Separate sets of samples shall have a mass of 2.0 g /± 0.1 g (0.070 oz /± 0.004 oz), 2.5 g ± 0.1 g (0.09oz ± 0.004 oz), and 3.0 g /± 0.1 g (0.11 oz /± 0.004 oz) of water shall be sprayed on the innermost layerof the glove composite as confirmed by the measurement of its weight on the balance.

8.1.9.6

Following the application of the water spray, the innermost layer of the glove shall be handled by theedges and assembled in a composite sample representative of the glove’s construction for the area of theglove to be evaluated.

8.1.9.7

Samples subjected to this conditioning shall be evaluated within 5 minutes following the wetting.




20 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The suggested language is a slight modification that makes implementation of the new wettingmethod more readily repeatable lab-to-lab without impacting accuracy. Adding the tolerance for thewater rate expressed as grams over a 20 second time duration. This added tolerance is based on thealready established tolerance for the water rate expressed as g/s. This is not a new tolerance butrather a calculation based on existing information. Showing this tolerance for the 20 second timeduration eliminates the need for the COV requirement on the water rate expressed in 8.1.9.2.5 duringthe 20 second calibration period. Also, the calibration requirement for water uniformity is moreappropriately expressed as coefficient of variance of weight gained. Preliminary testing shows thathaving the cups weights be within 20% of each other may not be achievable.

SR-31-NFPA 1971-2016

Ballot Results


31 Eligible Voters

4 Not Returned

27 Affirmative All



0 Abstention

Not Returned

Farley, Edmund

Johnson, James S.

Legendre, Jeff

Reall, Jack E.

Affirmative All

Allen, Jason L.

Area, James B.

Arrington, Joseph

Barker, Roger L.

Brinkley, James E.

Corrado, Steven D.

Fargo, Cristine Z.

Freese, Robert A.



21 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


Haston, David V.

Hess, Diane B.

Hosea, Thomas M.

Lehtonen, Karen E.

Mackin, Gregory J.

Matthews, David G.

Mauti, Benjamin

McKenna, Michael F.

Morris, John H.

Stull, Jeffrey O.

Tomlinson, Tim W.



Varner, Bruce H.


Weise, Richard

Winer, Harry P.


22 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Second Correlating Revision No. 3-NFPA 1971-2016 [ Section No. 8.13 ]

8.13 Burst Strength Test.

8.13.1 Application.

This test shall apply to knit materials used in protective garments, hoods, and wristlets.

8.13.2 Samples.

8.13.2.1

Samples shall be conditioned as specified in 8.1.3.

8.13.2.2

Samples for conditioning shall be 1 m2 (1 yd2 ) square of knit material for knit materials provided in rollform, and 1 m (1 yd) in length for knit materials provided in tubular form.

8.13.3 Specimens.

A total of 10 specimens shall be tested.

8.13.4 Procedure.

Specimens shall be tested as specified in ASTM D6797, Standard Test Method for Bursting Strength ofFabrics Constant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Test.

8.13.5 Report.

The burst strength of each specimen shall be recorded and reported. The average burst strength of allspecimens shall be calculated, recorded, and reported.

8.13.6 Interpretation.

The average burst strength shall be used to determine pass or fail performance.



1971_SCR-3_8.13.docx Shows legislative changes. For staff use




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: Removed modification to burst strength test

Committee Comment No. 35-NFPA 1971-2016 [Section No. 8.13]

Ballot Results



23 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

31 Eligible Voters

4 Not Returned

27 Affirmative All



0 Abstention

Not Returned

Farley, Edmund

Johnson, James S.

Legendre, Jeff

Reall, Jack E.

Affirmative All

Allen, Jason L.

Area, James B.

Arrington, Joseph

Barker, Roger L.

Brinkley, James E.

Corrado, Steven D.

Fargo, Cristine Z.

Freese, Robert A.



Haston, David V.

Hess, Diane B.

Hosea, Thomas M.

Lehtonen, Karen E.

Mackin, Gregory J.

Matthews, David G.

Mauti, Benjamin

McKenna, Michael F.

Morris, John H.

Stull, Jeffrey O.

Tomlinson, Tim W.



Varner, Bruce H.


Weise, Richard

Winer, Harry P.


24 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Second Correlating Revision No. 4-NFPA 1971-2016 [ Section No. 8.47 ]

8.47 Hood Opening Size Retention Test.

8.47.1 Application.

8.47.1.1

This test shall apply to the face openings or SCBA facepiece interface openings of protective hoods.

8.47.1.2

Protective hoods with either elastic face openings or manually adjustable face openings shall be tested bythe procedure specified in 8.47.4.

8.47.1.3

Protective hoods designed for interface with a SCBA facepiece(s) shall be tested by the procedurespecified in 8.47.5.

8.47.2 Samples.

8.47.2.1

Samples for conditioning shall be whole hoods.

8.47.2.2

Samples shall be conditioned as specified in 8.1.3.

8.47.3 Specimens.

A minimum of three whole hoods shall be tested.

8.47.4 Procedure for Hoods with Elastic or Manually Adjustable Face Openings.

8.47.4.1

The hood shall be laid on a flat surface with the face opening facing up.

8.47.4.1

Specimen face openings shall be placed over a hood measuring device as shown in Figure 8.6.16.4.Specimen face openings in the relaxed state shall slide freely over the top half of the device where thecircumference measures 45.6 cm ± 0.6 cm (18.0 in. ± 0.25 in.). Specimen face openings shall then beplaced around the lower half of the device where the circumference measures 54.5 cm ± 0.6 cm (21.5 in.±0.25 in.). Specimens shall then be visually inspected for gaps between the hood and the measuringdevice surface.


25 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

8.47.4.2

The hood shall be positioned on the ISO size J headform specified in Figure 8.16.4.1 so that the hood isaround the neck area of the headform with the neck and head area of the headform protruding throughthe face opening of the hood. The hood shall then be donned and doffed for 50 cycles, passing the hoodface opening up and over the headform to cover the head, forehead, sides of face, chin, and neck eachtime and then passing the hood back down over the headform to the starting area around the neck.Hoods with manually adjustable face openings shall have the face opening adjusted during each cycle,once after donning and again before doffing. Upper and lower half drum mounting fixtures shown inFigure 8.47.4.2 shall be mounted on a tensile testing machine.

Figure 8.47.4.2 Upper and Lower Half Drum Mounting Fixtures.

8.47.4.3

A 115 mm (2 1 ⁄8 in.) gauge length separation shall be set between half drum fixtures on the tensiletesting machine.

8.47.4.4

Place the hood specimen on the half drum fixtures such that the face opening expands around theupper and lower drums and the bottom of the hood drapes downward as shown in Figure 8.47.4.4 .The opening shall be placed beyond the lips on the edge of the half drum fixtures to keep it in positionduring the testing.

Figure 8.47.4.4 Hood Face Opening Gauge.


26 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

8.47.4.5

The elongation of the tensile testing machine shall be started at an elongation of 508 mm/min (20in./min).

8.47.4.6

The crosshead movement of the hood specimen on the drum fixtures shall be stopped after a totalmovement of 89 mm (6.5 in.) and returned to the zero position of 115 mm (2 1 ⁄8 in.) gauge separation.

8.47.4.7

The hood specimen shall elongated and returned to the zero position a total of 50 times.

8.47.4.8

Following the 50 cycles, the hood shall be removed from the headform, and the hood shall be allowed torelax for 1 minute.

8.47.4.9

Specimens shall be examined as described in 8.47.4.18.47.4.1 8.47.4.18.47.4.1 8.47.4.2 .

8.47.5 Procedure for Hoods with SCBA Facepiece Interface Openings.

8.47.5.1

The SCBA facepiece that the hood is designed to interface with shall be properly mounted, according tothe SCBA manufacturer's instructions, on an ISO size J headform specified in Figure 8.16.4.1.

8.47.5.2

The hood shall then be donned on the headform, placing it over the SCBA facepiece.

8.47.5.3

The contact surface of the hood face opening with the SCBA facepiece shall be measured at a minimumof eight separate locations around the entire perimeter of the face opening contact area. The locations ofmeasurement shall be marked on the hood.

8.47.5.4

With the SCBA facepiece in place, the hood shall then be positioned so that the hood is around the neckarea of the headform with the neck and head area of the headform protruding through the face opening ofthe hood. The hood shall then be donned and doffed for 50 cycles, passing the hood face opening up andover the headform to cover the head and to contact the SCBA facepiece around the entire perimeter ofthe face opening contact area each time, and then passing the hood back down over the headform to thestarting area around the neck. Where such hoods are designed to be manually adjustable around thehood face opening/SCBA facepiece interface area, the manual adjustment shall be made during eachcycle, once after donning and again before doffing. Upper and lower half drum mounting fixtures shown inFigure 8.47.4.2 shall be mounted on a tensile testing machine.

8.47.5.5

A 115 mm (2 1 ⁄8 in.) gauge length separation shall be set between half drum fixtures on the tensiletesting machine.

8.47.5.6

Place the hood specimen on the half drum fixtures such that the face opening expands around theupper and lower drums and the bottom of the hood drapes downward as shown in Figure 8.47.4.4 .The opening shall be placed beyond the lips on the edge of the half drum fixtures to keep it in positionduring the testing. Where the hood is designed to be manually adjustable around the hood faceopening/SCBA facepiece interface area, the manual adjustment shall be made prior to commencing theelongation.

8.47.5.7

The elongation of the tensile testing machine shall be started at an elongation of 508 mm/min (20in./min).


27 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

8.47.5.8

The crosshead movement of the hood specimen on the drum fixtures shall be stopped after a totalmovement of 89 mm (6.5 in.) and returned to a to the zero position of 115 mm (2 1 ⁄8 in.) gaugeseparation.

8.47.5.9

The hood specimen shall be elongated and returned to the zero position a total of 50 times. Where thehood is designed to be manually adjustable around the hood face opening/SCBA facepiece interfacearea, the manual adjustment shall be opened and secured between each cycle.

8.47.5.10

Following the 50 cycles, the hood shall be removed from the headform, and the hood shall be allowed torelax for 1 minute.

8.47.5.11

The hood shall then be donned on the headform, placing it over the SCBA facepiece.

8.47.5.12

The contact surface of the hood face opening with the SCBA facepiece shall be measured at the samelocations marked around the entire perimeter of the face opening contact area specified in 8.47.5.3.

8.47.5.13

The amount of overlap shall be measured.

8.47.6 Report for Hoods with Elastic or Manually Adjustable Face Openings.

8.47.6.1

Observations shall be recorded and reported of the ability of the face opening to slide freely over the tophalf of the hood measuring device and of gaps between the hood face opening and the bottom half of thehood measuring device before and after donning and doffing shall be recorded and reported .

8.47.6.2

The percent retention of each hood face opening dimensions shall be recorded and reported.

8.47.6.3

The average percent retention of all hood face opening dimensions for each specimen shall becalculated, recorded, and reported.

8.47.7 Report for Hoods with SCBA Facepiece Interface Openings.

8.47.7.1

The amount of overlap shall be recorded and reported for each location.

8.47.7.2

The average amount of overlap shall be recorded and reported for each specimen.

8.47.8 Interpretation for Hoods with Elastic or Manually Adjustable Face Openings.

8.47.8.1

Pass or fail performance shall be based on the individual face opening openings being able to slide freelyin the relaxed state over the top half of the hood measuring device and any observations of gaps betweenthe hood face opening and the hood measuring device before and after donning and doffing .

8.47.9 Interpretation for Hoods with SCBA Facepiece Interface Openings.

Pass or fail performance shall be based on the average amount of overlap for each specimen. One ormore hood specimens failing this test shall constitute failing performance.



Fig._8.47.4.4.docx


28 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

Adding clarification to the test method to ensure observations are taken before and afterdonning.

SCR corrected figure 8.47.4.4 with accurate picture.

Committee Comment No. 56-NFPA 1971-2016 [Section No. 8.47]

Ballot Results


31 Eligible Voters

4 Not Returned

26 Affirmative All



0 Abstention

Not Returned

Farley, Edmund

Johnson, James S.

Legendre, Jeff

Reall, Jack E.

Affirmative All

Allen, Jason L.

Area, James B.

Arrington, Joseph

Barker, Roger L.

Brinkley, James E.

Fargo, Cristine Z.

Freese, Robert A.



Haston, David V.


29 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Hess, Diane B.

Hosea, Thomas M.

Lehtonen, Karen E.

Mackin, Gregory J.

Matthews, David G.

Mauti, Benjamin

McKenna, Michael F.

Morris, John H.

Stull, Jeffrey O.

Tomlinson, Tim W.



Varner, Bruce H.


Weise, Richard

Winer, Harry P.

Affirmative with Comment

Corrado, Steven D.

Figure 8.47.4.4 is not properly oriented. Fig should be rotated clockwise 90 degrees.


30 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Second Correlating Revision No. 5-NFPA 1971-2016 [ Chapter B ]

Annex B Description of Performance Requirements and Test Methods

This annex is not a part of the recommendations of this NFPA document but is included for informationalpurposes only.


31 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

B.1 Overview.


32 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Annex B is intended to serve as a guide for both experienced and rookie fire fighters who want to betterunderstand the performance requirements (tests) of the structural fire-fighting gear they wear and todevelop a basic understanding of the minimum test requirements for the structural fire fighting geardescribed in Chapter 7 of the 2018 edition of NFPA 1971.

This annex will also help the reader gain a clearer understanding of the limits of the protective ensemble.However, Annex B only addresses performance requirements and test methods for protective elements(garments, helmets, gloves, footwear, and hoods) used for structural firefighting. Descriptions for specificperformance requirements and test methods for proximity fire fighting elements will be addressed in afuture edition.

Interpretations of tests, test methods, or test results will not be found here. Instead, Annex B providesbackground information and explains performance requirements and test methods in layman’s terms. Firedepartment equipment officers, safety officers, purchasing agents, members of the selection committee,and end users/wearers will also find this information helpful.

The tests required by NFPA 1971 do not guarantee that the ensemble or ensemble element will not fail inthe field. The tests evaluate representative samples of the protective ensemble elements, or materialsused in their construction to determine whether the element will pass defined minimum performancerequirements under controlled test conditions. These tests cannot be performed in the field — they mustbe performed by the qualified laboratory of an accredited certification organization.

Annex B also gives a brief description of the required NFPA tests performed by the certificationorganization (chosen by the manufacturer) on the five elements of the structural fire-fighting ensemble —protective garment (the coat and pants, outer shell/moisture barrier/thermal liner), protective helmets,protective gloves, protective footwear, and protective hoods — with a section and corresponding table foreach element.

The Test Method column in each table shows the number and name of the section in the standard that isdescribed; the Test Method Description column provides an overview of the test, which indicates what istested and, in general, how it is tested; and the Test Method Application column explains why the testmethod is specified and how the method is used to assess the performance of fire fighter protectiveclothing.

Some tests evaluate a representative piece or sample of the element while other tests evaluate the wholeelement as specified in the table. In general, tests are conducted on multiple specimens, not just onespecimen. Tests are designed by experts familiar with fire-fighting field conditions. They are evaluated byfire fighters on the NFPA 1971 committee before they are put in the standard to ensure the performancerequirements translate to an appropriate minimum level of protection.

Throughout the document, references are made to specimens being tested “as received” and “afterconditioning.” Specific descriptions and instructions for each type of conditioning can be found in Chapter8: Test Methods , along with the test method details.

In general, however, the term as received means the specimens tested are new, out-of-the-box samplesthat have not been laundered or subjected to other environmental conditioning; “conditioning” generallyrefers both to laundering the samples and to exposing the samples to specific environmental conditions.Again, all the specific details for sample treatment can be found in Chapter 8.

To ensure environmental consistency prior to testing, the asreceived samples are conditioned in anenvironmental chamber for 24 hours at 21°C ± 2.8°C (70°F ± 5°F) and 65 percent ± 5 percent humidity.The specific procedure used to condition samples to these parameters is found in ASTM D1776/D1776M ,Standard Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles for Testing . As outlined in specific tests, elementsmight also require conditioning by one or more of the following procedures before testing can proceed:

(1) Washing and drying procedures (AATCC 135, Dimensional Changes in Automatic of Fabrics afterHome Laundering of Woven and Knit Fabrics )

(2) Low temperature environmental conditioning

(3) Convective heat conditioning

(4) Radiant and convective heat conditioning

(5) Wet conditioning

The Test Method Description column in the tables references specific test methods from other standardsorganizations such as ASTM or ISO. In these instances, some details found in the referenced testmethod, but not in NFPA 1971, are described for the respective test method. This information includes


33 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

specific details that are key to understanding the test method in the context of how it might relate to whatis experienced in the field and, therefore, is included in this annex.

Fire fighters face many hazards that manufacturers of personal protective equipment attempt to mitigate.The minimum performance requirements that manufacturers protective ensemble elements have to meetare included in the 2018 edition of NFPA 1971. Certification organizations and their laboratories performthese tests and determine whether or not the samples provided pass the tests. Compliance for a particularproduct is indicated by the certification mark on the product label that is permanently attached to the coatand pants, helmet, gloves, footwear, or hood. The certification mark means representative samples havepassed rigorous tests and are compliant with the 2018 edition of NFPA 1971. If the certificationorganization mark is not on the label, the equipment is neither NFPA-compliant nor third-party certified andshould not be used.


34 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

B.2 Garments.


35 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Table B.2 is intended to serve as an abbreviated guide to all specified tests for whole that apply togarments, including the outer shell, the moisture barrier, the thermal barrier, garment hardware, and allmaterials used in the construction of the whole garment. These tests evaluate whether or not the garmentmeets the minimum performance requirements of the 2018 edition of NFPA 1971. They do not guaranteethe safety of the fire fighter or ensure the fire fighter will not experience an injury while wearing thegarment.

Table B.2 Garments

Test Method Test Method DescriptionTest MeApplic

7.1.1 Thermal Protective Performance (TPP) Test

UNNUMBERED Figure B.2(a)]

This test is performed inaccordance with ISO 17492,Clothing for protectionagainst heat and flame —Determination of heattransmission on exposure toboth flame and radiant heat,on three specimens/samplesof the three-layer garmentcomposite, which are testedboth as received and afterconditioning with 5 fivelaundering cycles. Specimenscomprise the outer shell,thermal liner, and moisturebarrier and are layered andtested in the order in whichthey are worn. The outer shellexterior is exposed to bothradiant and convective heatsources. [See Figure B.2(a).]

The thermprotectiveperformanThermalProtectivePerforma(TPP) tesused to mthe insulaperformanthe three-system byevaluatingquickly hetransferrethe outsidthe garmethe insideFigure B.2

Figure B.2(a) TPP Test Apparatus.

The rate of temperature riseis recorded and compared tothe known skin response toheat; the recorded time ismultiplied by the heatexposure energy todetermine the TPP ThermalProtective Performance(TPP) rating.

Under thetest condiwhich simsevere flaconditionsTPP ratindivided inindicates approximanumber oseconds ufire fightereceive asecond-deburn.

Figure B.2(b) TPP Test Being Run.

The TPP rating of thegarment must be at least35.0 .

This is theprimary temeasure garment’sto protectfighter frosevere heflame. Thhigher thenumber, thigher the


36 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


protectionheat (undspecific teconditionsincontrast gthe higheheat stresthe fire figFire fighteshould alwconsider tTPP ratinrelates to THL Total Loss (THLrating.

7.1.2 Whole Garment and Ensemble Liquid Penetration Test (ShowerTest)

This test is performed inaccordance with ASTMF1359/F1359M , StandardTest Method for LiquidPenetration Resistance ofProtective Clothing orProtective Ensembles Undera Shower Spray While on aMannequin, on a full garmentset (coat and pants) orcoveralls. The whole garmentis placed on amannequin manikin dressedin a water-absorptive layerand exposed to 2. 5 minutesof liquid spray from fourdifferent orientations for atotal of 20 10 minutes. Afterremoval of the garment, thewater-absorptive layer isexamined for evidence ofmoisture penetration. [SeeFigure B.2( c ).]

The Showis used toevaluate hwell the sand closuthe garmeunder contest condiresist inwleakage oliquids froexterior so[See FiguB.2(d).] Ta test todeterminewhether othe garmehelp keepfire fightefrom hosestreams,standing wandprecipitati

NOTE NoShower Tthe only teperformedassemblegarmentscoats and

7.1.3 Flame Resistance Test 1

[UNNUMBERED Figure B.2(b)]

[UNNUMBERED Figure B.2(c)]

Close-up of burner, with parallel pilot

[UNNUMBEREDFigure B.2(d)]

Test apparatus with specimen Figure B.2(c) Test Apparatus in

This test is performed inaccordance with ASTMD6413/D6413M , StandardTest Method for FlameResistance of Textiles(Vertical Test), as receivedand after conditioning withfive laundering cycles on

The FlamResistanc1 is used evaluate tmaterial, controlledconditionsability to


37 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


Ready Position.

Figure B.2(d) Flame Test Being Performed.

garment components (excepthook and pile, elastic, andlabels, which are specificallyexcluded from the test).(hook and pile, elastic, andlabels can be excluded fromthe test depending on theirlocation in the garment).

self-extingafter the fremoved.char lengtthe materexposure flame is ameasured

Each separable layer ofmultilayer composites istested individually. (e.g., if thecomposite has a sewn-inthermal liner, the outer shelland thermal liner are testedsewn together; if the liner isseparable, than each layer istested by itself). Specimensare tested after conditioning.A 75 mm × 305 mm (3 in. ×12 in.) The specimen issuspended over a flame for12 seconds to determine howeasily the material ignites.Ease of ignition and charringcharacteristics are observedand recorded. Materialscannot char more than 100mm (4 in.), cannot showafterflame 2.0 seconds afterremoval of the test flame, andcannot melt or drip .

This is theprimary teestablish flame-respropertiesmaterials garmentconstructi

7.1.4 Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test (shrinkage) This test is performed asreceived and afterconditioning with 5 fivelaundering cycles. Outershells, moisture barriers,thermal barriers, collarlinings, and winter liners(where provided) are testedindividually. Fabric samples380 mm x 380 mm (15 in. ×15 in.) are marked andmeasured before exposure tofive 5 minutes of heat in a260°C (500°F) oven.

Post-exposuremeasurements are taken andaveraged, and no more than10 percent shrinkage ispermitted.

The Heat ThermalShrinkageResistancis used forequiremeevaluate tmaterials shrinkageexposure temperatu

Excessiveshrinkagecompromfire fightemobility aimpact theinsulatingqualities ogarment.


38 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


7.1.5 Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test (melting,separation, ignition)

This test is performed asreceived and afterconditioning with 5 fivelaundering cycles of ongarment components, exceptfor hook and loop and elastic,when placed where they willnot contact the fire fighter’sbody. Samples 150 mm ×150 mm (6 in. × 6 in.) aresuspended in a 260°C(500°F) oven for 5 minutes.[See Figure B.2(e) andFigure B.2(f).]

The Heat ThermalShrinkageResistancis used forequiremedeterminewhether ocomponeused to coprotectivegarmentsmelt, dripseparate,easily ign

Figure B.2(e) Oven Exterior.

Garment components cannotmelt, drip, separate, or igniteafter this test .

The testconditionsnot intendsimulate afiregroundexposuresrather sermeans fomeasuringthe materresponds heat. Thisprevents tof materiamelt and dwhich coucause burinjuries toestablish minimum of thermastability fomaterials in theconstructiprotectiveclothingelements

Figure B.2(f) Oven Interior.


39 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


7.1.6 Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test (moisture barrierseams)

This test is performed asreceived and afterconditioning with 5laundering cycles on allconditioned moisture barrierseams. Samples 75 mm ×150 mm (3 in. × 6 in.) areprepped and exposed to 5minutes of heat in a 260°C(500°F) oven. Observationsare limited to seam materialignition and dripping. [SeeFigure B.2(g) and FigureB.2(h).]

The Heat ThermalShrinkageResistancis used toevaluate tability of tmoisture seams to dripping oignition.

FIGURE B.2(g) Oven Exterior.

FIGURE B.2(h) Oven Interior.


40 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


7.1.7 Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test (outer shells andcollar linings/char)

This test is performed asreceived and afterconditioning outer shells andcollar linings with 5 fivelaundering cycles to identifycharring when specimens areexposed to 5 minutes of heatin a 260°C (500°F) oven.Specimens cannot char.[See Figure B.2(i) andFigure B.2(j).]

The Heat ThermalShrinkageResistancis used toevaluate wor not thesurfaces ogarment wand/or breopen, expinterior layCharring abreaking ocompromthermal aphysicalprotectiongarmentsin turn, incthe risk offighter buinjuries.

FIGURE B.2(i) Oven Exterior .


41 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


FIGURE B.2(j) Oven Interior .

7.1.8 Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test (hardware) This test is performed onhardware, excluding hookand pile, when they do notcontact a fire fighter’s body.Performance of thespecimens is observed afterexposure to 5 minutes of heatin a 260°C (500°F) oven.[See Figure B.2(k) andFigure B.2(l).]

The Heat ThermalShrinkageResistancis used forequiremeevaluate tability of thardwareremain fuand resistignition wexposed tThis testeliminatespossible hardwaregarmentswill not wiexposure certain levheatencountethe fireenvironme

FIGURE B.2(k) Oven Exterior.


42 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


FIGURE B.2(l) Oven Interior.

7.1.9 Conductive and Compressive Heat Resistance (CCHR) Test This test is performed oncomposites from the shoulderand knee areas with all layersplaced in the same order asthey are constructed. Samplesizes are representative ofthe knee and shoulder areaand must be provided foreach composite combinationused by the garmentmanufacturer. Samples aretested in both the wet and drycondition under appliedpressure. [See FigureB.2(m) and Figure B.2(n).]

The CondandCompressHeat Res(CCHR) Tused to evthe propethe garmeshoulder aknee areawhich arelikely to bcompressreducing ;thermalinsulationreduced ucompress

FIGURE B.2(m) Conductive and Compressive Heat Resistance(CCHR) Test Machine in the Ready State.

The requisets a minnumber oseconds ufire fighte


43 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


receive asecond-deburn wheareas arecompress

FIGURE B.2(n) Conductive and Compressive Heat Resistance(CCHR) Test Machine in Operation.

7.1.10 Thread Melting Test This test is performed on thesewing thread used in theconstruction of the garmentand is performed onspecimens “as received.”Sample threads are placedon a hot plate and slowlyheated to 260°C(500°F). This test isperformed in accordancewith ASTM D7138,Standard Test Method toDetermine MeltingTemperature of SyntheticFibers , on the three differentspecimens of sewing threadused in the construction ofthe garment as received.

The ThreaMelting Teused to evthe threadin theconstructithe garmedeterminewhether itleast the sheat resisas the fabused in thgarment’sconstructi

The temperature at which thethread melts or decomposesis recorded, and if it meltsbelow 260°C (500°F), it fails.

7.1.11 Tear Resistance Test (outer shells and collar linings)

[ UNNUMBERED Figure B.2(e)]

This test is performed inaccordance with ASTMD5587, Standard TestMethod for the Tearing ofFabrics by Trapezoid

The TearResistancis used forequirememeasure


44 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


Procedure, on outer shellsand collar linings (testedindividually) as received andafter conditioning with 5 fivelaundering cycles. The testmeasures the force (inpounds) needed to continue apre-existing tear. Oppositeends of an intentionallynotched, trapezoidal-shapedspecimen are gripped in amachine and pulled apartuntil the specimen tearscompletely. [See FigureB.2(o) and Figure B.2(p).]

ability of touter sheand collarto resist futearing whsmall tearoccurs. Fatears furthexpose thfighter to products ocombustioalso is a tthe strengdurability fabric. Firfighting oca harshenvironmeincludes mhazards tmight teagarment.

FIGURE B.2(o) Sample Marked and Pre-cut for Test .

FIGURE B.2(p) Test Being Performed.


45 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


7.1.12 Tear Resistance Test (moisture barriers, thermal barriers)

[UNNUMBERED Figure B.2(f)]

This test is performed inaccordance with ASTMD5587, Standard TestMethod for the Tearing ofFabrics by TrapezoidProcedure , on moisturebarriers, thermal barriers, andwinter liners as received andafter conditioning with 5 fivelaundering cycles. The testmeasures the force (inpounds) needed to continue apre-existing tear. Oppositeends of an intentionallynotched, trapezoidal-shapedspecimen are gripped in amachine and pulled apartuntil the specimen tearscompletely. [See FigureB.2(q).]

The TearResistancis used forequirememeasure ability of tthermal bmaterials the moistubarrier to further teawhen a smtear occuwhich furtexposes tfighter to products ocombustio

Figure B.2(q) Diagram of Trapezoidal Tear Test.

7.1.13 Seam-Breaking Strength Test

[UNNUMBERED Figure B.2(g)]

This test is performed inaccordance with ASTMD1683/D1683M , StandardTest Method for Failure inSewn Seams of WovenFabrics, on all garment seamassemblies. Samples aretested after conditioning.Opposite ends of a 50 mm ×200 mm (2 in. × 8 in.)specimen with the seambisecting the length aregripped in a machine andpulled apart until thespecimen breaks.[See FigureB.2(r).]

TheSeam-BreStrength Tused to evthe strenggarment sunder streThe testdemonstrthe durabthe seam indicator ophysicalperformanwhen subto repeatewearermovemenas bendinstretching


46 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


Figure B.2(r) Seam Breaking Strength Test.

7.1.14 Water Penetration Resistance Test (moisture barriers) This test is performed onspecimens of garmentmoisture barriers that havebeen conditioned as receivedand after conditioning . Acircular portion of themoisture barrier is clampeddown in a hydrostatic testerand exposed to high waterpressure from underneath.The specimen is thenexamined for waterpenetration.

The WatePenetratioResistancis used toevaluate tability ofmoisture materials water fromgetting ththe barrietestdemonstrthe capacthe moistubarrier to the fire figdry from epressurizewater.

7.1.15 Liquid Penetration Resistance Test (moisture barrier and barrierseams)

This test is performed inaccordance with ASTM F903,Standard Test Method forFailure in Sewn Seams ofWoven Fabrics, on moisturebarrier fabric and seams forthe garment, shroud,footwear, bootie, and glove.Samples Specimens areconditioned for laundry andheat in specially madepockets comprised of twolayers of outer shell and alayer of thermal. barrier; theconditioning consists of 2cycles of 5 wash/drylaunderings and an ovenexposure of 140.6°C (285°F)for 10 minutes.

The LiquidPenetratioResistancis used toevaluate wor not thegarment’smoisture and seampenetratioliquids meberepresentthose comencountethe firegro

After conditioning, themoisture barrier layer isremoved from the four-layercomposite samples tobecome the moisture barrierspecimen used for testing.The specimens are thenplaced in a test cell where thenormal outer surface of thematerial is exposed to


47 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


Aqueous Film Forming Foamconcentrate aqueousfilm-forming foam , batteryacid, synthetic surrogategasoline, fire-resistanthydraulic fluid, andswimming pool chlorineadditive , and automobileantifreeze fluid ; each liquid istested separately on anindividual specimen.

After 1 hour of exposure,each sample is evaluated. Noliquid can penetrate anysample.

7.1.16 Viral Penetration Resistance Test (moisture barrier and barrierseams)

UNNUMBERED Figure B.2(h)]

This test is performed inaccordance with ASTMF1671/F1671M , StandardTest Method for Resistance ofMaterials Used in ProtectiveClothing to Penetration byBlood-Borne PathogensUsing Phi-X-174Bacteriophage Penetration asa Test System, on moisturebarrier fabric and seams.Samples are conditioned forlaundry and heat in speciallymade pockets comprised oftwo layers of outer shell anda layer of thermal barrier; theconditioning consists of 2cycles of 5 wash/drylaunderings and an ovenexposure of 140.6°C (285°F)for 10 minutes. comprised oftwo layers of outer shell anda layer of thermal barrier.

The ViralPenetratioResistancis used toevaluate tability of tgarment’smoisture fabric andto keepblood-borpathogencoming incontact wfire fighteskin .

After conditioning, themoisture barrier layer isremoved from the four-layercomposite samples tobecome the moisture barrierspecimen used for testing.The specimens are thenplaced in a test cell where thetaped film side (the normalouter surface) is exposed tosurrogate virus in a liquidsolution and is evaluated forpassage of virus after 1 hour.

F IGURE B.2(s) Diagram of Viral Penetration Test for MoistureBarrier and Seams.

Any evidence of viruspassage through the barrierfabric or seam as determinedusing a microbiologicaltechnique constitutes failure.[See Figure B.2(s).]


48 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


7.1.17 Cleaning Shrinkage Resistance Test (moisture barriers, winterliners, collar liners) (see also 7.2.4)

This test is performed onthree conditioned specimensof garment moisture barriers,winter liners (when provided),and collar liners, each testedindividually.

The CleanShrinkageResistancis used toevaluate hmuch garmaterials after repelaunderingshrinkagedecrease fighter’s m

This requirement allows nomore than a 5 percentchange in the width andlength dimensions after 5 fivewash and dry cycles inaccordance with AATCC 135,Dimensional Changes inAutomatic Home Launderingof Woven and Knit Fabrics.

7.1.18 Water Absorption Resistance Test (resistance to waterabsorption)

This test applies to thegarment outer shells andcollar lining. The conditionedspecimens, testedindividually, are mounted onan apparatus specified inAATCC 42, Test Method forWater Resistance: ImpactPenetration Test, andexposed to a constant flow ofwater to determine the levelof water absorption.

The WateAbsorptioResistancis used todeterminemuch watouter sheabsorbs. Trequiremelimits howwater canabsorbedabsorbedadds weigwhich incfire fightefatigue andecreasesfighter mo

7.1.19 Corrosion Resistance Test This test is performed inaccordance with ASTM B117,Test Method for WaterResistance: ImpactPenetration Test, to measurecorrosion. Metal hardware is

The CorroResistancis used toevaluate w(1) hardw(1) corrod


49 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


exposed to a saline solutionspray for 20 hours followingwhich base metal can showno only slight surfacecorrosion and the hardwaremust remain functional.

(2) if it wilremain fuafter exteexposure spray.

Hardwarecan resultof thermaphysicalprotectionfire fighte

7.1.20 Label Durability and Legibility Test 1 This test is performed on thegarment with labelsattached, after launderingand abrasion to samplefabric . Garment labelspecimens are exposed to 10laundry cycles in accordancewith AATCC 135,Dimensional Changes inAutomatic Home Launderingof Woven and Knit Fabrics ,and then subjected toabrasion in accordance withASTM D4966, Standard TestMethod for AbrasionResistance of Textile Fabrics(Martindale Abrasion TestMethod)..

The LabeDurabilityLegibility used to evwhether othe label splace andlegible to unaided eafter expomultiplelaunderingabrasion, convectivThe preseand legibilabels isimportantgarmentidentificattracking.

7.1.21 Drag Rescue Device (DRD) Function Test Materials StrengthTest

This test is performed inaccordance with ASTMD6775, Standard TestMethod for Breaking Strengthand Elongation of TextileWebbing, Tape and BraidedMaterial, to measure thebreaking strength of DRDmaterials, seams, splices,and joints. Specimens areconditioned then elongated tothe point of breaking. Thepounds of force needed tobreak each specimen isrecorded and used tocalculate the averagebreaking strength of thespecimens.

The DragRescue D(DRD) MaStrength Tused to evthe strengthe DRDmaterials,seams, spand jointsdeterminewhether tspecimenwithstandforce of da downedfighter.

7.1.22 DRD Drag Rescue Device (DRD) Function Test This test is used to evaluateDRD functionality as it isinstalled in the coat orcoverall. The conditionedgarments and DRD, alongwith an SCBA, after

The DRDFunction Tused to asthe ease odeployingusing the


50 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


conditioning at roomtemperature, are placed on amannequin manikin with anSCBA . The DRD isdeployed, and themannequin manikin isdragged for 2.5 m (96 in.). aspecified distance.

remove adowned fifighter.

The deployment time isrecorded and reported, theability to drag the manikin therequired distance is recordedand reported, and anychange in the position of theSCBA during deployment ordragging is recorded andreported.

Ten seconds is the maximumamount of time permitted todeploy the DRD. For the DRDto pass the test, the SCBAcan neither move higher onthe torso than when initiallydonned nor becomeseparated from themannequin during the test.

7.1.23 Light Degradation Resistance Test (moisture barrier) This test is performed inaccordance with ASTMG155, Standard Practice forOperating Xenon Arc LightApparatus for Exposure ofNon-Metallic Materials, onmoisture barriermaterials. and CBRN barrierlayers. Before testing,samples are conditionedthrough several cycles ofconditioning and inconvective heat. Samplesare conditioned in pocketscomprising two layers ofouter shell and a layer ofthermal barrier. Samples areconditioned for laundry andheat in specially madepockets comprised of twolayers of outer shell and onelayer of thermal barrier.

The LightDegradatResistancis used tomeasure much themoisture and CBRNlayers deas a resuexcessiveexposurethe perforrequiremea minimumexposure

FIGURE B.2(t) Exterior of Xenon Apparatus. After conditioning, themoisture barrier layer isremoved from the four-layercomposite samples tobecome the moisture barrierspecimen used for testing.The specimens are exposedto continuous light for 40hours using a X x enon

Often, themoisture is the firstthe ensemfail, especit has beeexposed tprolongedsunlight o


51 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


apparatus, . After initialtesting, the specimensare then conditioned in adark, temperature-controlledroom. The specimens arethen tested one last time byapplying pressure with waterfor one 1 minute inaccordance with ASTM D751,Standard Test Methods forCoated Fabrics.[See FigureB.2(t) and Figure B.2(u).]

artificial ligThis test imeasure durability moisture

FIGURE B.2(u) Interior of Xenon Apparatus in Use.

7.1.24 Zipper Strength Test This test is used to evaluatezippers for crosswisebreaking strength of the chainand of the separating unit.They are also tested forholding strength of stops,retainers, and separatingunits and for operating forceand slider lock strength.

The ZippeStrength Tused to asthe durabfunctionalzippers afrepeated

7.1.25 Fastener Tape Strength Tests Test (breaking) This test, is performed afterthree launderings inaccordance with ASTMD5034, Standard TestMethod for Breaking Strengthand Elongation of TextileFabrics, and is based on therequirements of A-A- 55126B,Commercial Item Description,Fastener Tapes, Hook andLoop, Synthetic, . It is usedto evaluate the breakingstrength of hook and pile tapeby separately pulling the hook

The FasteTape StreTest is usthis requirto assessoverall strof tapes uhook and fastenersmaterial mmeet or eindustry-establisherequireme


52 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


and pile tapes in the jaws of atensile testing machine untilthe tape breaks. The forceused at the breaking point isrecorded as the breakingstrength.

based on compositiwidth of th

7.1.26 Fastener Tape Strength Tests Test (shear) This test, is performed afterthree launderings inaccordance with ASTMD5169, Standard TestMethod for Shear Strength(Dynamic Method) of Hookand Loop Touch Fasteners,and and is based on therequirements ofA-A– 55126B, CommercialItem Description, FastenerTapes, Hook and Loop,Synthetic, . It is used toevaluate the shear strength ofthe hook and pile tape bymeasuring the force requiredto separate hook tapeoverlapping pile tape whenpulled between two jaws of atensile testing machine.Testing is performed after thetapes have been repeatedlyattached and detached. Themaximum measured force isreported as the shearstrength.

The FasteTape StreTest is usthis requirto assessdurability functionalthe hook ato not sepafter repeuse.

7.1.27 Fastener Tape Strength Tests Test (peel) This test, is performed afterthree launderings inaccordance with ASTMD5170, Standard TestMethod for Peel Strength (“T”Method) of Hook and LoopTouch Fasteners, and isbased on the requirements ofA-A- 55126B, CommercialItem Description, FastenerTapes, Hook and Loop,Synthetic , . It is used toevaluate the peel strength ofthe hook and pile tape. In thetest, hook tape is sealed overan equal length of pile tapeand the end of the two tapesare separated half theirlength. The two open ends oftape are attached to the jawsof a tensile testing machineand pulled to measure theforce required to completelyseparate the two tapes. Thistesting is performed after thetapes have been repeatedly

The FasteTape StreTest is usthis requirto assessdurability functionalthe hook ato stay seafter repeuse.


53 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


sealed and resealed severaltimes.

7.2.2 Total Heat Loss (THL) Test This test is performed inaccordance with ASTMF1868, Standard Test Methodfor Thermal and EvaporativeResistance of ClothingMaterials Using a SweatingHot Plate, on conditionedsamples of the garmentcomposite (outer shell,moisture barrier, and thermalbarrier) conditioned at roomtemperature arranged in theorder and orientation as it isworn. Specimens are placedon a sweating hot plate toevaluate heat transfer underwet conditions and thermalresistance under dryconditions. These values arecombined in an equation toprovide a total heat lossvalue.

The Total Loss (THLis used toevaluate tamount othat can btransferrethe garmecompositeboth sweaevaporatiothe weareand condthrough thgarment toutsideenvironmeThe test dnot accouother matattached tbase garmcompositeas trim, poand other

Higher vaindicate bperformanmore heaHowever,appropriavalues fordepartmebe considwith TPP (See A.7.more deta

7.2.3 Retroreflectivity and Fluorescence Test (garment trim) The conditioned garment trimis tested for bothretroreflectivity andfluorescence. The coefficientof retroreflection is tested inaccordance with ASTM E809,Standard Practice forMeasuring PhotometricCharacteristics ofRetroreflectors. Onceretroreflection is determined,the specimen is evaluated forfluorescence. Thecolorimetric properties aremeasured in accordance withASTM E991, StandardPractice for ColorMeasurement of Fluorescent

TheRetrorefleandFluoresceTest is usevaluate hwell sampretroreflecand fluorematerial rtheirretroreflecandfluorescenThe standhasrequiremeretroreflec


54 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


Specimens. and fluoreto enhancnighttime/light visib(retrorefleand daytimvisibility(fluoresce

Retroreflection/retroreflectivityis the reflection of light inwhich the reflected rays arepreferentially returned in thedirection close to the oppositeof the direction of the incidentrays, with the property beingmaintained over widevariations of the direction ofthe incident rays.

The visibifire fightecrucial duboth interexterioroperationaddition, aall emergeincidents in a roadw(apparatuplacemenmanyemergencincidents roadway-For fire figsafety, it iimportantgarmentseffectiveretroreflecand fluorefor consp(visibility)

Fluorescence is the processby which radiant flux ofcertain wavelengths isabsorbed andre-radiated reradiatednonthermally in other, usuallylonger, wavelengths.

7.2.4 Cleaning Shrinkage Resistance Test (outer shell, moisturebarrier, thermal barrier, winter liner, wristlet, bootie) (see also 7.1.17)

This test, performed inaccordance with AATCC 135,Dimensional Changes inAutomatic Home Launderingof Woven and Knit Fabrics ,measures the percent ofchange in the width andlength dimensions after 5 fivewash and dry cycles. Testsare performed on threespecimens of the conditionedgarment outer shell, moisturebarrier, thermal barrier, winterliner, wristlet, bootie materialwhere present, and protectivehoods. Each material andeach separable layer of acomposite material is testedseparately. The visibility of afire fighter is crucial duringboth interior and exterioroperations. In addition,almost all emergencyincidents begin in a roadway(apparatus placement), and

The CleanShrinkageResistancis used tomeasure much fabshrink aftecleaning; will not pathey shrinthan 5 peExcessiveshrinkagecompromfire fightemobility aimpact theinsulatingqualities ogarment.


55 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


many emergency incidentsare roadway-related. For firefighter safety, it is importantthat garments have effectiveretroreflectivity andfluorescence for conspicuity(visibility).

7.2.5 Breaking Strength Test (outer shell and collar lining) This test is performed inaccordance with ASTMD6775, Standard TestMethod for BreakingStrength and Elongation ofTextile Webbing, Tape andBraided Material , on thegarment outer shell and collarlining materials (individually)after conditioning. Fivespecimens from the sample,in the warp and fill direction,are elongated to the point ofbreaking. [See Figure B.2(v)and Figure B.2(w).]

The BreaStrength Tused to evthe garmeouter shecollar lininstrength fmaterialrobustnesremains inruggedfiregroundenvironmeMaterialbreakagecompromthermal aphysicalprotectionfeatures ogarmentsincreasesrisk of fireburns andinjuries.

FIGURE B.2(v) Apparatus Ready for Test.

FIGURE B.2(w) Sample Fabric upon Completion of Test.


56 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


7.2.6 Transmitted and Stored Thermal Energy Test (enhancedcomposites related to sleeves)

This test is performed inaccordance with ASTMF2731, Standard Test Methodfor Measuring the Transmittedand Stored Energy in FireFighter Protective ClothingSystems, on conditionedgarment sleeve compositescontaining enhancements;enhancements include, butare not limited to, trim,emblems, flags,reinforcements, and so forth.The test is run on a basecomposite with theenhancement attached,following wet conditioning ofthe samples.

The Transand StoreThermal ETest is usevaluate tability of tgarmentcompositeenhancemto store atransfer hthrough thcompositeenhancemthe skin. Tis used toevaluate tpotential finjury whecompositecompressduring a loheat andlonger timexposureThe testintended tensure ththere is a of protectthe fire fighelp explafire fightesustain pra burn injwhen thegarment dnot indicaevidence thermalexposure


57 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

B.3 Helmets.


58 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Table B.3 is intended to serve as an abbreviated guide to all specified tests for helmets, including thewhole helmet, the helmet ear cover, and shrouds, all materials used in the construction of the wholehelmet, the faceshield, and goggle components. The tests evaluate whether or not the helmet meets theminimum performance requirements of the 2018 edition of NFPA 1971. They do not guarantee the safetyof the fire fighter or ensure the fire fighter will not experience an injury while wearing the helmet.

Table B.3 Helmets

Test Method Test Method Description Test Method Application

7.4.1 Top Impact ResistanceTest (Force)

This test is performed on three helmetspecimens, each of which isconditioned five ways prior to testing: atroom temperature, at low temperature,in convective heat (helmets andfaceshield/goggle components), , inradiant and convective heat (helmetonly) , and with wet conditioning.

The Top Impact Resistance Test(Force) is used to evaluate thehelmet’s shock absorptioncharacteristics from the impact of afalling object (such as ceilingmaterial) as well as fire fighterprotection from striking an objectwhile walking, crawling, or fallingon an object.

After conditioning, the three helmet ismounted on an aluminum head andadjusted to the size providing the leastamount of clearance. A specific weightsteel drop mass of 3.6 kg ± 0.5 kg (8 lb± 1 lb) is dropped from a height thatyields an a specific impact velocity ofwithin 2 percent of 5.47 m/sec (17.9ft/sec) .

This test is used to assess theeffect of force on the top of thehelmet when struck by falling orstationary objects. It also assessesthe level of protection from a headand or neck injury from the force ofimpact with a moving or stationaryobject.

The peak force and impact velocity arerecorded for a pass or fail performance.The amount of force transmittedthrough the helmet specimens cannotexceed 3780 N (850 lbf).

7.4.2 Impact ResistanceTest (Acceleration)

This test is performed on three helmetspecimens, each of which isconditioned four ways prior to eachimpact during testing: at roomtemperature, at low temperature, inradiant and convective heat, and withwet conditioning. The whole helmet willundergo accelerated impact testing onthe top, front, left, right, and back, inthat order.

The Impact Resistance Test(Acceleration) is used to evaluatethe helmet’s shock absorptioncharacteristics from the impact ofthe fire fighter falling on an object .

The helmet is tested on a headformusing a 5.17 kg ± 0.18 kg (11.4 lb. ± 0.4lb) specific weight drop assembly (testheadform, accelerometer, and movingportion of the headform guidanceassembly). The drop assembly isdropped from a height that creates aknown velocity.

This test assesses the level ofprotection from a head injurycaused by falling and striking thehead.

The maximum acceleration andduration of the acceleration values arerecorded for each impact for eachhelmet specimen. If one or more helmetspecimens fail in any condition or at anyimpact site, then the helmet fails in anycondition or at any impact site .

7.4.3 Physical PenetrationResistance Test

This test is performed on three helmetspecimens, each of which isconditioned five ways prior to each

The Physical PenetrationResistance Test is used to assesshow well the helmet will resist


59 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


physical penetration test: at roomtemperature, at low temperature, inconvective heat (helmets andfaceshield/goggle components) , inradiant and convective heat, and withwet conditioning.

penetration by falling sharp objects(such as a nail in a structuralmember or a shard of glass) or bystationary sharp objects that the firefighter might strike while walking,crawling, or falling.

The test uses an ISO headform, apenetration striker 1 kg, + 0.02/–0.0 kg(2.2 lb, + 0.01/–0.00 lb) , and anelectrical contact indicator. Apenetration striker is dropped from aheight that yields a consistent velocityfor the test on the helmet. A minimum oftwo penetration tests applied at differenttest areas on each helmet areperformed.

If the test striker electrically orphysically contacts the headform in oneor more specific tests, the helmet fails.

7.4.4 Heat and ThermalShrinkage ResistanceTest(helmet: heatresistance)

This test is performed on threecomplete helmet specimens that aretested “ with all components in place,as received” and include the helmet earcover, helmet shroud, and helmetcover. The helmet shroud and helmetcover are laundry conditioned. .

The Heat and Thermal ShrinkageTest is used to evaluate whetherthe helmet shell and helmetcomponents can resist heat(doesn’t melt, drip, separate, orignite) and whether the helmet earcover, helmet shroud, helmetcover, and helmet chin strap canresist heat ( ; they don’t melt, drip,separate, or ignite. ) and thermalshrinkage. Materials Helmetcomponents that melt, drip,separate, or ignite might couldcontribute to burn injuries, andmaterials that shrink might impactthe insulating and functionalproperties of the material .

The helmet is placed in a preheatedconvective oven for 5 minutes.

The helmet is evaluated for ignition,melting, and dripping. There are severalpossible points of failure for this test:

(1) Parts of the complete helmetassembly that was were not in contactwith the headform before the test is arein contact with the headform after thetest.

(2) The back of the helmet becomesdistorted and extends more thana 41.3mm (1 5 ⁄8 in.) allowed below theoriginal position of the helmet shell.

(3) The front and sides of the helmetshell become distorted and extend morethan 30 mm (1 3 ⁄16 in.) allowed belowthe original position of the helmet shell.

(4) The retention system, energyabsorption system, or ear coversseparate, melt, or drip.


60 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


(5) The chin strap closure device isdysfunctional.

(6) Any part of the helmet assemblyignites.

(7) The product labels ignite or melt.

(8) Any helmet assembly componentextends more than 30 mm (1 3 ⁄16

in.) allowed below the initial point of thehelmet shell in the front, both beforeand after oven exposure.

(9) The faceshield/goggle componentdrips.

7.4.5 Flame Resistance Test2, Procedures A and C

This test is performed on three helmetspecimens that are tested as received.

The Flame Resistance Test 2,Procedures A and C, is used toevaluate the helmet, undercontrolled test conditions, for itsability to self-extinguish after theflame is removed.

A flame is applied to the underside ofthe helmet (Procedure A) and the top ofthe helmet (Procedure C) using aBunsen burner for 15 seconds. Onceremoved, the afterflame and aftergloware evaluated.

The helmet cannot show any visibleafterflame or glow 5.0 seconds after thetest flame is removed in each test.

7.4.6 Thermal ProtectivePerformance (TPP) Test(earcover and helmet shroud )

This test is performed in accordancewith ISO 17492, Clothing for protectionagainst heat and flame —Determination of heat transmission onexposure to both flame and radiantheat, on the three helmet ear coverspecimens composites afterconditioning with 5 five launderingcycles. Specimens consist of materialsfrom the portion of the ear covers thatcover the ear and neck.

The Thermal ProtectivePerformance (TPP) test is used tomeasure the insulatingperformance of the helmet earcover and helmet shroud byevaluating how quickly heat istransferred from the outside of thehelmet to the inside where skinmight be in contact with thematerial. Under the given testconditions, which simulate severeflashover conditions, the TPP ratingdivided in half indicates theapproximate number of secondsuntil a fire fighter would receive asecond-degree burn.

A sample size of 175 mm × 175 mm (7in. × 7 in.) is exposed to both radiantand convective heat sources to simulateflashover.

This is the primary test to measurethe ability of the helmet ear coverand helmet shroud to protect thefire fighter from severe heat andflame. A TPP rating of 20.0 isacceptable because the interfacearea is overlapped by another partof the ensemble that also providesinsulation.

The rate of rise in temperature iscompared to the known skin responseto heat; the recorded time is multipliedby the heat exposure energy to


61 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


determine the TPP rating. The TPPrating of the helmet ear cover has to beat least 20.

7.4.7 Retention System Test This test is performed on at leastthree complete helmets tested asreceived using a mechanical chinstructure. This test measures theretention of the chinstrap of a helmetafter 445 N (100 lbf) specific force isapplied for 60 seconds, + 15/–0seconds a specific time , by a tensiletest machine. The distance between thetop of the helmet and the bottom of therollers is measured.

The Retention System Test is usedto evaluate the helmet chinstrap’selongation and its resistance tobreaking or stretching underapplied force.If the helmet chinstrapbreaks or stretches too much, thehelmet is more likely to fall off thewearer, which willeliminate increases the protectionprovided by risk of injury to thehelmet fire fighter .

Each helmet is observed for breaks andslip or stretch. Failure occurs if one ormore any helmet specimens specimenshows a break or shows slip or stretchmeasured at more than 20.6 mm (¹³⁄16 what is allowed in. ). therequirement.

7.4.8 Suspension SystemRetention Test

This test is performed on at leastthree helmets tested as received on atensile testing machine. The strap is cutto ensure a sufficient length of strap issecured by the jaws of the machine.Increasing force of 0 N to 45 N ± 5 N (0lbf to 10 lbf ± 1 lbf) An increasing forceis applied along the centerline of thesuspension strap.

The Suspension System RetentionTest is used to evaluate whether ornot the helmet suspension systemseparates from the helmet shellunder applied force.

The specimen is inspected forseparation from the helmet shell.Failure occurs if one or more thehelmet suspension systemsseparate system separates from thehelmet shell.

If the helmet suspension systemseparates from the helmet, thehelmet is more likely to fall off thewearer, which willeliminate increase the protectionprovided by risk of injury to thehelmet fire fighter .

7.4.9 Shell Retention Test This test is performed on at leastthree helmets tested as received usinga tensile testing machine. The helmet isfirmly attached to the machine, similarto the attachment in the suspensionsystem test, and a specified maximumforce of 356 N (80 lbf) is applied to thehelmet for 1 minute, + 5/–0seconds specified period .

The Shell Retention Test is used toevaluate the ability of the helmetshell to stay attached to the helmetsuspension system or helmetretention system.

The helmet receives a pass or failperformance based on the separation ofthe helmet shell from the suspensionsystem or helmet retention system. Ifone or more a helmet shellsseparate shell separates from thehelmet suspension system or thehelmet retention system, the helmetfails.


62 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


7.4.10 Flame ResistanceTest 1( [ all materialsutilized used in theconstruction of helmet chinstraps, excluding elastic and( hook and pile fastenerswhere these items areplaced so that they will notdirectly contact , elastic, andlabels might be excludedfrom the wearer’s body orhood; test depending ontheir location in thegarment) and goggle strapmaterials) .]

This test is performed in accordancewith ASTM D6413/D6413M , StandardTest Method for Flame Resistance ofTextiles (Vertical Test), on five samplesof on all materials used in theconstruction of the helmetchinstrap chin strap , with eachseparable layer tested individually afterconditioning with 5 five laundry cycles.

The Flame Resistance Test 1 isused to evaluate the helmetchinstraps’ and the goggle straps’resistance to an open flame andthe ability to self-extinguish onceremoved. The char length andafterflame are measured andaveraged and evidence of meltingor dripping is recorded andconstitutes failure of the material.

Hood label Helmet chin straps are cutfrom the conditioned samples andtested in a vertical flame chamber inaccordance with ASTMD6413/D6413M . Observers will recordthe afterglow, char length, and visiblemelting or dripping.

This is the primary test to establishthe flame-resistant properties andthe ability of the materials used inhelmet chin strap construction toself-extinguish once removed fromflame .

Materials cannot char more than 100mm ( 4 in.), on average; cannot showafterflame 2.0 seconds, on average,after removal of the test flame; andcannot melt or drip.

7.4.11 Heat and ThermalShrinkage ResistanceTest(helmet chin strap:shrinkage, melting,separation and ignition)

This test is performed on at least threehelmet chinstrap chin strap specimensafter conditioning with 5 five launderingcycles. The helmet shell is measured ineight places for evidence of shelldistortion, before and after testing. Thehelmet chinstrap chin strap issuspended in a 260°C (500°F, +10/–0°F preheated oven for a 5minutes specified time.

The Heat and Thermal ShrinkageResistance Test is used to evaluatethe ability of the helmet’schinstrap chin strap to remainfunctional and resist melting,separation, ignition, and shrinkage.

Following testing, the samples areobserved for evidence of melting,dripping, separation, or and ignition.The helmet chin strap specimenscannot shrink more than 10 percentlengthwise, on average, and theycannot melt, separate or ignite. If one ormore specimens shows evidence ofmelting, separation, or ignition, thehelmet chinstrap chin strap fails.

Melting, separation, ignition, andexcessive shrinkage of the helmetchinstrip chin strap might causeinjury to the wearer.

7.4.12 Thread Melting Test This test is performed in accordancewith ASTM D7138 , Standard TestMethod to Determine MeltingTemperature of Synthetic Fibers, on thethree different specimens of sewingthread used in the construction of thehelmet “ as received.” The specimen ispressed together between two coverglasses at a temperature within 15°C(59°F) of the expected melting point(previously determined) for 1 minute. .

The Thread Melting Test is used toevaluate the thread used in theconstruction of the helmet todetermine if it has at least the sameheat resistance as the fabric usedin garment construction.


63 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


The temperature at which the threadmelts or decomposes is recorded, and ifit melts below 260°C (500°F), it fails.

7.4.13 Corrosion ResistanceTest

This test is performed in accordancewith ASTM B117, Test Method forWater Resistnace: Impact PenetrationTest , to measure corrosion. Metalhardware is exposed to a saline solutionspray for 20 hours, following which basemetal can show no only slight surfacecorrosion and the hardware mustremain functional.

The Corrosion Resistance Test isused to evaluate whether (1)hardware will (1) corrode and (2)hardware will remain functionalafter extended exposure to saltspray.

Hardware failure can result in lossof thermal and physical protectionfor the firefighter fire fighter .

7.4.14 Label Durability andLegibility Test 2

This test is performed on at least threehelmets with labels attached, each ofwhich is conditioned four ways prior totesting: at room temperature, at lowtemperature, in radiant and convectiveheat, and with wet conditioning.

The Label Durability and LegibilityTest 2 is used to evaluate whetheror not the label is legible after roomand low temperature exposure,radiant and convective heatexposure, and wet conditioning.The presence and legibility oflabels is important for helmetidentification and tracking.

After all conditioning methods arecompleted, the labels are visuallyevaluated by a person with 20/20 visionor corrected to 20/20 at a distance of305 mm (12 in.) in a well-illuminatedarea.

Helmet labels are examined to see ifthey both remained in place andattached and for legibility to determineif they are still legible . One or morelabel specimens failing either theplacement or the legibility test results infailure.

7.4.15 Faceshield/GoggleComponent Lens ImpactResistance Test, TestsOne 1 and Two 2

This test is performed on a minimum ofthree complete helmets with thefaceshield component or gogglecomponents, each of which isconditioned four ways prior to testing: atroom temperature, at low temperature,in convective heat, and with wetconditioning.

The Faceshield/Goggle ComponentLens Impact Resistance Test isused to evaluate whether or not thefaceshield and goggle componentsresist impact by preventing contactwith . In either test, if the “ eye” ofthe on a headform andpreventing is contacted by parts orfragments that have been ejectedfrom of the faceshield or gogglecomponent then the helmet fails .

Test One is a high-mass-impactprocedure that secures the specimenfor testing on a facial feature headform.A missile is dropped through a loose-fitting guide tube from 1300 mm (513 ⁄16 in.) a specific distance in line withthe eyes of the faceshield or gogglecomponent. At least four specimens aretested, and a lens break constitutes

This test evaluates the impactresistance of the faceshield/gogglecomponent Lens to impact fromflying or falling objects.


64 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


failure.

Test Two is a high-velocity-impactprocedure that secures the specimenfor testing on a facial feature headform.A steel ball weighing 1.06 g (0.04 oz)and measuring 6 mm ( ¹⁄4 in.) indiameter specific amounts is propelledtoward the faceshield or gogglecomponent at various locations at 76m/sec (250 ft/sec). At least one impactprocedure is conducted on eachspecimen a specific speed . One ormore helmet specimens failing this testmeans the helmet fails.

Both tests are evaluated for evidence ofejected parts from or fragments of thefaceshield or goggle component. A lensbreak constitutes failure. touching the“eye” of the headform . Morespecifically, no faceshield/gogglecomponents can contact an eye “eye”of the headform, and no parts orfragments can be ejected from thecomponent that could contact theeye “eye” of the headform.

7.4.16 Flame ResistanceTest 2, Procedure B(faceshield/gogglecomponents)

This test is performed on three helmetspecimens with the faceshield/gogglecomponents attached as received onthe face shield and goggle componentsof the complete helmet. The bottomedge of the faceshield/gogglecomponents is subjected to a flame fora 15 seconds specific time , using aBunsen burner underneath, after whichthe duration of the afterflame ismeasured, reported, and recorded.

The Flame Resistance Test 2,Procedure B, is used to evaluatethe faceshield and gogglecomponent’s resistance to an openflame and the ability toself-extinguish once removed.

The faceshield/goggle componentcannot show any visible afterflame 5.0seconds after removal of the test flame.

7.5.2 Flame Resistance Test1(all fabrics used in theconstruction offaceshield/gogglecomponents)

This test is performed in accordancewith ASTM D6413/D6413M , StandardTest Method for Flame Resistance ofTextiles (Vertical Test) , on fivespecimens of all fabric strap materialsused in the construction of thefaceshield and goggle components. Thefaceshield and goggle components aretested after 5 five conditioning laundrycycles. This test is performed on avertical flame chamber in accordancewith ASTM D6413.

The Flame Resistance Test is usedto evaluate the faceshield or gogglestrap material, under controlled testconditions, for its ability toself-extinguish after the flame isremoved. The char length of thematerial after exposure to flame isalso measured.

The faceshield or goggle strap materialsare evaluated on a pass/failperformance based on any observedmelting, dripping, afterglow afterflame ,and length of charring.


65 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


Materials cannot char more than 100mm (4 in.), and cannot show afterflame2.0 5 seconds after removal of the testflame, and cannot melt or drip .

This is the primary test to establishthe flame-resistant properties of thematerials used ingarment faceshield/gogglecomponent construction toself-extinguish once removed fromflame .

7.5.3 Faceshield/GoggleComponent Lens ScratchResistance Test

This test is performed on sevenspecimens chosen from at least four offaceshield/goggle component lenses inas-received condition.

The Faceshield/Goggle ComponentLens Scratch Resistance Test isused to assess the durability andclarity of the faceshield and gogglelens material after exposure toabrasion.

The specimen is placed in the testfixture and a 30 mm (1 in.) specificdiameter wool felt polishing pad isattached to the pad holder. Theabrasive disc is rotated on top of eachspecimen for 200 a specific number ofcycles. The haze of the specimen isevaluated before and after abrasionusing a haze meter in accordance withASTM D1003, Standard Test Methodfor Haze and Luminous Transmittanceof Transparent Plastics. The delta hazeis calculated by subtracting the initialhaze measurement from the final hazemeasurement, the values for all testsare then averaged.

The average change in haze cannotincrease more than 25 percent afterabrasion.

7.5.4 Luminous (Visible)TransmittanceTest(faceshield/gogglecomponent lenses)

This test is performed on at least threecomplete faceshield/goggle componentlenses in as-received condition todetermine how much light is transmittedthrough the lens. The standard sourcefor measuring radiant energy ofluminous transmittance is used todetermine the average amount of lighttransmittance. A pass/fail rating isadministered.

The Luminous (Visible)Transmittance Test is used tomeasure how much light passesthrough the faceshield/gogglecomponent lens.

Clear lenses must transmit a minimumof 85 percent of the incident visibleradiation and colored lenses musttransmit a minimum of 43 percent of theincident visible radiation.

All lenses block some visible lightand fire fighters have to wearprotective faceshields/goggles.This requirement limits how muchlight can be blocked to prevent theuse of lens materials that reduce afire fighter’s ability to see by morethan an industry-accepted amount.

7.5.5 Flame Resistance Test2, Procedure D( for( faceshield/gogglecomponent attachmenthardware, where provided)

This test is performed on threespecimen helmets withfaceshield/goggle componentattachment hardware in place inas-received condition.

The Flame Resistance Test 2,Procedure D, is used to evaluatethe resistance of thefaceshield/goggle component’smounting hardware to an openflame and the its ability toself-extinguish after the flame is


66 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


removed.

The complete helmet withfaceshield/goggle component ismounted on a headform, and thefaceshield/goggle component isexposed for 15 seconds a specific time ,to an open flame using a Bunsenburner. The specimens are evaluatedfor the duration of an afterflame andafterglow.

The longest measured afterflame timeis used to determine pass or fail. Anyafterglow exceeding 5.0 secondsconstitutes failure.

7.5.6 Electrical InsulationTest 1, Procedure A andProcedure B

These tests are performed on at leastthree complete helmets in “ asreceived” condition.

The Electrical Insulation Test 1,Procedure A and Procedure B,are is used to evaluate the abilityof the helmet to protect the firefighter against electricity conductedthrough accidental contact with livewires.

Procedure A — The the helmet isinverted and filled to a specific line withtap water. The specimen is thensubmerged in the same type of water tothe test line. An electric voltage isapplied to the water inside thespecimen at 2200 volts ± 2 percent aspecific voltage for 1 minute a specifictime . The water outside the helmet ismeasured for current leakage.

Procedure B — The specimen and theretention system are submerged in tapwater for 15 minutes a specific time ,then they are removed from the waterand allowed to drain for no more than 2minutes. A lead carrying 60 Hzalternating voltage is attached to themetal hardware parts on the exterior ofthe helmet, at or above the brim edge.Voltage is applied to the external helmetshell lead and increased to 2200 volts ±2 percent a specific level for 15seconds a specific time . The metalheadform head form is used tomeasure the current leakage orevidence of breakdown.

One or more helmet specimens cannothave leakage current exceeding 3.0mA in either test Procedure A orProcedure B.

7.5.7 Flame Resistance Test1(all materials used inhelmet ear covers, exceptelastic and hook and pilewhere these items do notcome in direct contact with

This test is performed in accordancewith ASTM D6413, Standard TestMethod for Flame Resistance ofTextiles (Vertical Test) , individually atleast five specimens of on all materialsused in the construction of helmet ear

The Flame Resistance Test 1 isused to evaluate the helmet earcover material, under controlledtest conditions, for its ability toself-extinguish after the flame isremoved. The char length of the


67 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


the wearer’s body or hood) covers (except elastic and hook and pilewhen they are placed so that they willnot directly contact the wearer’s body orhood) after conditioning.

material after exposure to flame isalso measured.

Each separable layer of multilayercomposites are tested individually.(e.g.,if the composite has a sewn-in thermalliner, the outer shell and thermal linerare tested sewn together. If the liner isseparable, then each layer is tested byitself.)

This is the primary test to establishthe flame-resistant properties of thematerials used in garmentconstruction and, in this instance,is used to make sure the helmetear covers have the same heatresistance as the fabric used inconstruction of the helmet earcover construction .

The specimen is suspended over aflame for 12 seconds to determine howeasily the material ignites. Ease ofignition and charring characteristics areobserved and recorded.

Materials cannot char more than 100mm (4 in.), cannot show afterflame 2.0seconds after removal of the test flame,and cannot melt or drip.

7.5.8 Heat and ThermalShrinkage Resistance Test( [ all materials used inhelmet ear covers, except( elastic and hook and pilewhere these items do notcome in direct contactwith might be excluded fromthe wearer’s body orhood, test depending ontheir location in thegarment) for shrinkage,melting, separation, andignition) ]

This test is performed individually onthree specimens of all materials used inthe construction of helmet ear covers(except elastic and hook and pile whenthey are placed so that they will notdirectly contact might be excluded fromthe wearer’s body or hood) in “ testdepending on their location in thegarment) in “ as received” -condition.

The Heat and Thermal ShrinkageResistance Test is used for thisrequirement to evaluate thematerials for shrinkage, melting,separation, and ignition afterexposure to high temperatures.

The specimen is placed suspended inthe center of the oven with the front ofthe helmet facing the airflow at 260°C,+ 6/–0°C (500°F, + 10/–0°C) for 5minutes . Post-exposure measurementsare taken to ensure that heat shrinkageis less than 10 percent in eachdirection.

Melting, separation, ignition, orexcessive shrinkage can causeinjury to the wearer.

Materials cannot shrink more than 10percent in any direction (the helmetchinstrap is only measured lengthwise) ,and they cannot melt, separate, orignite.

7.5.9 Retroreflectivity andFluorescence Test (helmetvisibility markings)

The conditioned garment helmet trim istested for both retroreflectivity andfluorescence. The coefficient ofretroreflection is tested in accordancewith ASTM E809, Standard Practicefor Measuring PhotometricCharacteristics of Retroreflectors .Once retroreflection is determined, the

The Retroreflectivity andFluorescence Test is used toevaluate how well samples ofretroreflective and fluorescentmaterial retain their retroreflectivityand fluorescence. The standardhas requirements forretroreflectivity and fluorescence to


68 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


specimen is evaluated for fluorescence.The colorimetric properties aremeasured in accordance with ASTME991, Standard Practice for ColorMeasurement of FluorescentSpecimens .

enhance nighttime/low light visibility(retroreflection) and daytimevisibility (fluorescence).

Retroreflection/retroreflectivity is thereflection of light in which the reflectedrays are preferentially returned in thedirection close to the opposite of thedirection of the incident rays, with theproperty being maintained over widevariations of the direction of the incidentrays.

The visibility of a fire fighter iscrucial during both interior andexterior operations. In addition,almost all emergency incidentsbegin in a roadway (apparatusplacement), and many emergencyincidents are roadway-related. Forfire fighter safety, it is important thatgarments have effectiveretroreflectivity and fluorescence forconspicuity (visibility).

Fluorescence is the process by whichradiant flux of certain wavelengths isabsorbed and re-radiatednon-thermally reradiated nonthermally ,in other, usually longer, wavelengths.

7.5.10 Helmet Ear CoverRemoval Test

An individual provided with themanufacturer instructions is timed onhow long it takes to remove the earcovers from the helmet.

This requirement is intended topromote the removal of ear coversfrom helmets to enable theircleaning.


69 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

B.4 Gloves.


70 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Table B.4 is intended to serve as an abbreviated guide to all specified tests for whole gloves, includingthe whole glove, glove interface, glove body, glove lining materials, glove extension, and all materialsused in the construction of the whole glove. These tests evaluate whether or not the gloves meet theminimum performance requirements of the 2018 edition of NFPA 1971. They do not guarantee the safetyof the fire fighter or ensure the fire fighter will not experience an injury while wearing the gloves. Sometests are performed on “new, as distributed” gloves that have undergone conditioning. This might seemcontradictory, but the conditioning is limited to environmental parameters, and “new, as distributed”condition ensures that the gloves have not been broken in in any way.

Table B.4 Gloves


7.7.1 ThermalProtectivePerformance(TPP)

This test is performed in accordance with ISO17492, Clothing for protection against heat andflame — Determination of heat transmission onexposure to both flame and radiant heat , on theglove body composite as received and afterconditioning with 5 five laundering cycles. Theglove body composite is exposed to direct flameand radiant heat to simulate flashover.

The Thermal ProtectivePerformance (TPP) test is used tomeasure the insulating performanceof the two-layer system compositeby evaluating how quickly heat istransferred from the outside of theglove body to the inside. Under thegiven test conditions, whichsimulate severe flashoverconditions, the TPP rating divided inhalf indicates the approximatenumber of seconds until a firefighter would receive a second-degree burn.

(glove bodycomposite)

The rate of rise in temperature is recorded andcompared to the known skin response to heat;the recorded time is multiplied by the heatexposure energy to determine the TPP rating.The average TPP rating has to be at least 35.0 .

This is the primary test to measurethe glove body's ability to protectthe fire fighter from severe heat andflame. The higher the number, thehigher the protection from heat(under the specific testconditions)and, in contrast, thehigher the heat stress on the firefighter .

7.7.2 ThermalProtectivePerformance(TPP)

This test is performed in accordance with ISO17492, Clothing for protection against heat andflame — Determination of heat transmission onexposure to both flame and radiant heat , on theglove wristlet or gauntlet interface component asreceived and after conditioning with 5 fivelaundering cycles. The pouches Specimens areexposed to direct flame and radiant heat tosimulate flashover.

The Thermal ProtectivePerformance (TPP) test is used tomeasure the insulating performanceof the two-layer system interfacecomponent by evaluating howquickly heat is transferred from theoutside of the glove interface to theinside. Under the given testconditions, which simulate severeflashover conditions, the TPP ratingdivided in half indicates theapproximate number of secondsuntil a fire fighter would receive asecond-degree burn.

(glove interfacecomponentcomposite)

The rate of rise in temperature is compared tothe known skin response to heat; the recordedtime is multiplied by the heat exposure energy todetermine the TPP rating. The TPP rating of theglove interface component composite has to beat least 20.0 .

This is the primary test to measurethe glove interface's ability toprotect the fire fighter from severeheat and flame. A TPP rating of20.0 is acceptable because theinterface area is overlapped byanother part of the ensemble thatalso provides insulation.


71 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


7.7.3 Heat andThermal ShrinkageResistance Test

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF2894, Standard Test Method for Evaluation ofMaterials, Protective Clothing and Equipment forHeat Resistance Using a Hot Air CirculatingOven, after conditioning the whole. Whole glovewith 5 laundering cycles. Before testing, theglove is donned and flexed 10 times within 30seconds. The samples are measured in thelength and width directions before , laundered,exposed to heat, and then measured a secondtime. For the heat exposure. The , the glovefingers are filled with a finite amount of glassbeads and the glove body is packed tightly witha mesh bag containing a finite amount of glassbeads with , then the glove opening is clampedtogether. The glove is suspended by a clamp andplaced in a 260°C (500°F) preheated oven for 5minutes a specified period. After the heatexposure and second measuring, the glove isdonned and flexed .

The Heat and Thermal ShrinkageResistance Test is used for thisrequirement to evaluate the glovesfor melting, separation, ignition, andshrinkage after exposure to hightemperatures.

(gloves: shrink,melt, separate, orignite)

The specimen cannot melt, separate, or ignite,or shrink more than 8 percent in length or width.The specimen also has to be donnable andflexible.

Specimens cannot melt, separate,or ignite, and they cannot shrinkmore than 8 percent. Excessiveshrinkage will limit the dexterity andthermal protection of the glove. Theglass beads simulate the mass ofthe hand inside the glove.


This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF2894, Standard Test Method for Evaluation ofMaterials, Protective Clothing and Equipment forHeat Resistance Using a Hot Air CirculatingOven, after conditioning with 5 of fivelaundering cycles on ; all layers of the glovelining material between the moisture barrier layerand the hand are tested individually. The glovelining is packed tightly with glass beads andclamped together. The glove lining is suspendedby a clamp and placed in a 260°C(500°F) preheated oven for 5 minutes aspecified period .

The Heat and Thermal ShrinkageResistance Test is used for thisrequirement to evaluate the glovelining materials for melting,separation, or ignition afterexposure to high temperatures.This test attempts to prevent theuse of materials that melt, separate,or ignite, against the wearer’shands, under specific testconditions.

(glove liningmaterials: melt,separate, or ignite)

Following exposure, the glove lining material isevaluated for evidence of melting, dripping,separation, or ignition.

7.7.5 ConductiveHeat ResistanceTest 1

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF1060, Standard Test Method for ThermalProtective Performance of Materials forProtective Clothing for Hot Surface Contact, onthe glove body composite palm side under fourseparate conditions: unlaundered wet,unlaundered dry, laundered wet, and laundereddry. The test measures the heat transfer throughthe composite when it is placed on a hot plate at280°C (536°F) a specific temperature and relatesthe transferred heat energy to predicted times tosensation of pain and second-degree burn injury.The test is conducted under pressure.

The Conductive Heat ResistanceTest 1 is used to evaluate the glovebody palm side materials forthermal insulation when the glove iscompressed in both dry and wetenvironments. The test conditionsare not intended to simulate allactual fireground exposures butrather serve as a range ofconditions where heat transferthrough to evaluate glovematerials could vary for resistanceto conductive heat transfer under aspecific condition . This test is usedto determine the protection


72 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


provided by the glove when a firefighter makes direct contact with aheated object.

Both the time to pain and time to second-degreeburn (based on the Stoll Curve) are recorded foreach specimen. The test is also conductedunder pressure with different pressures appliedto the composites on the back of the gloveversus those composites on the palm side of theglove.


The average time to pain cannot be fewer than 6seconds, and the average time to second-degreeburn cannot be fewer than 10 seconds.

7.7.6 FlameResistance Test 3(glove bodycomposite: charlength, afterflame,melt, drip,consumedmaterials)

7.7.7 FlameResistance Test 3(glove interfacecomponentcomposite: charlength, afterflame,melt, drip,consumedmaterials)

7.7.8 FlameResistance Test3(glove extensioncomposite:afterflame, melt,drip, consumedmaterials)

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMD6413, Standard Test Method for FlameResistance of Textiles (Vertical Test) , on theglove body composite (7.7.6), glove interface(7.7.7), and glove extension composite (7.7.8).Specimens are tested after conditioning. Thespecimen is mounted and suspended over aburner flame for 12 seconds. Once removed fromthe flame, the specimens are examined forafterflame, melting, dripping, and the amount ofmaterial that is consumed as a result of the heatexposure. Charring characteristics are evaluatedafter the specimen has been conditioned.

The glove body composite cannot have anaverage char length of more than 100 mm (4 in.);the average afterflame of the specimens cannotbe more than 2 seconds; the specimens cannotmelt or drip; the amount of consumed materialscannot exceed 5 percent.

The Flame Resistance Test 3 is theprimary test used to establish theflame-resistant properties of thematerials used in gloveconstruction. This test is used toevaluate how easily the material’signites, its ability to self-extinguishafter the flame is removed, and howmuch the material chars ordisintegrates following theexposure.

7.7.9 ThreadMelting Test

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMD7138 on the three different specimens ofsewing thread used in the construction of thegloves. The test is performed on specimens “ asreceived.” Sample threads are placed on a hotplate and slowly heated to 260°C (500°F).

The Thread Melting Test is used toevaluate the thread used in theconstruction of the gloves todetermine if it has at least the sameheat resistance as the fabric usedin its construction.

The temperature at which the thread melts ordecomposes is recorded; if it melts below 260°C(500°F), that specific temperature, it fails.

7.7.10 ViralPenetrationResistance Test

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF1671, Standard Test Method for Resistance ofMaterials Used in Protective Clothing toPenetration by Blood-Borne Pathogens UsingPhi-X-174 Bacteriophage Penetration as a TestSystem , on the moisture barrier fabric andseams. Samples are conditioned in multilayercomposite samples by subjecting them torepeated cycles of laundering, followed byconvective heat conditioning.

The Viral Penetration ResistanceTest is used to evaluate the abilityof the glove body moisture barrierfabric and seams to keepblood-borne pathogens fromcoming in contact with the firefighter’s skin.


73 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


(glove moisturebarrier fabricand body seams)

After conditioning, the moisture barrier layer isremoved from the multilayer composite pouch tobecome the moisture barrier specimen fortesting. The specimens are then placed in a testcell where the taped film side (the normal outersurface) is exposed to a surrogate virus in aliquid solution and is evaluated for passage of thevirus after 1 hour.

Any evidence for virus passing through thebarrier fabric or seam, as determined using amicrobiological technique, constitutes a failure.

After conditioning, the moisture barrier layer isremoved from the multilayer composite pouch tobecome the moisture barrier specimen fortesting. The specimens are then placed in a testcell where the taped film side (the normal outersurface) is exposed to a surrogate virus in aliquid solution and is evaluated for passage of thevirus after 1 hour.

7.7.11 LiquidPenetrationResistance Test(glove bodyseams)

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF903, Standard Test Method for Failure in SewnSeams of Woven Fabrics , on the glove bodymoisture barrier fabric and seams. Samples areconditioned in multilayer composite samples bysubjecting them to repeated cycles of laundering,followed by convective heat conditioning. Themoisture barrier specimens are then placed in atest cell where the taped film side (the normalouter surface) is exposed to Aqueous FilmForming Foam concentrate aqueous film-formingfoam , battery acid, synthetic surrogate gasoline,fire-resistant hydraulic fluid, and swimming poolchlorine additive , and automobile antifreezefluid . Each liquid is tested separately on anindividual specimen. After 1 hour of exposure,each sample is evaluated. No liquid canpenetrate any sample.

The Liquid Penetration ResistanceTest is used to evaluate whether ornot the glove body moisture barrierfabric and seams resist penetrationof liquids meant to berepresentative of those commonlyencountered on the fireground.However, liquid chemicals can stillpermeate the clothing materials bypassing through moisture barriersand seams on a molecular level.

7.7.12 CutResistance Test

(gloves)

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF1790, Standard Test Methods for Measuring CutResistance of Materials Used in ProtectiveClothing with CPP Test Equipment, on at leastthree conditioned samples of the glove bodycomposite under a specific load of 300 g . Smallspecimens of the glove body composite areclamped to a metal rod while a blade passesacross the specimen until it makes contact withthe metal rod.

The Cut Resistance Test is used forthis requirement to evaluate theability of the glove body compositeto resist being cut, under specifictest conditions. Longer blade traveldistances represent greater cutresistance because it takes longerfor the blade to cut through thematerial.


The distance the blade passes across eachspecimen without cutting through the material isrecorded, then averaged. The average distancethe blade travels across the material withoutcutting through the material has to be more than20 mm (0.8 in.) a specific length .

7.7.13 CutResistance Test[glove interfaceareas

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF1790, Standard Test Methods for MeasuringCut Resistance of Materials Used in ProtectiveClothing with CPP Test Equipment , on

The Cut Resistance Test is used forthis requirement to evaluate theability of the glove interface areasto resist being cut, under specific


74 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


conditioned samples of the glove wristlet orgauntlet interface component under a specificload of 300 g . The specimen is clamped to ametal rod while a blade passes across thespecimen until it makes contact with the metalrod.

test conditions. Longer blade traveldistances represent greater cutresistance because it takes longerfor the blade to cut through thematerial.

(wristlets andgauntlets gloveinterfacecomponent )]

The distance the blade passes across eachspecimen without cutting through the material isrecorded, then averaged. The average distancethe blade travels across the material withoutcutting through the material has to be more than200 mm (0.8 in.) a specific length .

7.7.14 PunctureResistance Test

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF1342, Standard Test Method for ProtectiveClothing Material Resistance to Puncture, oncomplete gloves or glove composite pouches thatare both dry and wet. Specimens are clampedinto a fixture while force is applied to puncturethe specimen with a nail-like probe.

The Puncture Resistance Test isused to evaluate the ability of thegloves or glove composite pouchesto resist puncture under specifictest conditions.

The force required to puncture each sample isrecorded, then averaged. The , and the sampleshave to resist puncture under at least 40 N (8.8lbf) the specified force .


(NOTE Note : this test does notensure that gloves will be puncture-proof, only puncture resistant.)Higher force averages indicategreater puncture resistance.

7.7.15 Glove HandFunction Test

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF2010,/F2010M , Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Glove Effects on Wearer HandDexterity Using a Modified Pegboard Test, on atleast three pairs of whole gloves, sized 70W and76W, in two sizes, as received.

The Glove Hand Function Test isused to determine whether theglove meets a minimumrequirement for dexterity. The lowerpercentages indicate that thegloves have fewer adverse effectson fire fighter dexterity.

A test subject picks up metal pins and placesthem in a horizontal pegboard without gloves.The subject immediately repeats the test whilewearing the correct size specimen gloves. Thetime it takes to complete the task is recorded forboth tests, and an average is calculated andused to calculate a percentage that representshow much faster the test was completedbare-handed than with gloved hands.

To meet this requirement,bare-handed control cannot offermore than 220 percent bettercontrol than gloved hands. In otherwords, if it takes, on average, 60seconds to complete the testbarehanded, it cannot take morethan 132 seconds, on average, tocomplete the same task with glovedhands.

That percentage is reported as the bare-handedcontrol for each glove size. The average resultfor bare-handed control cannot exceed 220percent.

7.7.16 BurstStrength Test

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMD6797, Standard Test Method for BurstingStrength of Fabrics Constant-Rate-of-Extension(CRE) Ball Burst Test, on the knit glove wristletmaterials as received.

The Burst Strength Test is used toevaluate the strength of the glovewristlet material by measuring itsresistance to bursting or rupturingwhen force is applied under specifictest conditions.


75 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


(knit glove wristletmaterial)

A tensile testing machine is used to push a steelball through the clamped wristlet material. Themaximum force used to burst the material isrecorded. The specimen cannot burst underfewer less than 225 N (51 lbf) the specifiedforce .

It is used to determine whether, onaverage, the glove wristlet cansustain applied force of at least thespecified force, under specific testconditions. Higher bursting forceresistance numbers indicatestronger wristlet materials.

7.7.17Seam-BreakingStrength Test

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMD1683, Standard Test Method for Failure in SewnSeams of Woven Fabrics, on the conditionedglove body and glove interface componentseams.

The Seam-Breaking Strength Testis used to evaluate the strength ofthe glove’s interface seams understress. The durability of the seam isan indicator of physicalperformance when the glove issubjected to repeated donning,doffing, gripping, bending, andstretching. Higher breaking forcesindicate stronger seams.

Opposite ends of a 50 mm × 200 mm (2 in. × 8in.) specimen, with the seam bisecting thelength, are gripped in a machine and pulled apartuntil the specimen breaks.

If testing knit materials, the test is performed inaccordance with ASTM D6797, Standard TestMethod for Bursting Strength of FabricsConstant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball BurstTest .

The force required to break the seam is recordedand averaged for the test specimens and theaverage result cannot be less than 182 N (41lbf) the specified force .

7.7.18 OverallLiquid IntegrityTest 1

This test is performed on at least three pairs ofwhole gloves, sized 70W and 76W in two sizes ,after conditioning and convective heatconditioning.

The Overall Liquid Integrity Test 1 isused to evaluate the glove‘s glove’sresistance to leakage whensubmerged in water, under specifictest conditions. Surfactanttreatments are used to lower watersurface tension, making waterpenetration easier.

The test subject dons an inner glove and thenthe glove to be tested and submerges theglove gloved hand in surfactant-treated water, tothe height line on the glove below the opening,for 5 minutes while flexing the hands into a fistevery 10 seconds.

The appearance, after testing, of any water markon the inner glove of any of the three pairs ofgloves is recorded and reported. Theappearance, after testing, of any water mark onthe inner glove of any glove is consideredleakage and constitutes failing.

7.7.19 GloveDonning Test

This test is performed on at least threeconditioned pairs of whole gloves, sized 70Wand 76W in two sizes .

The Glove Donning Test is used toevaluate the ease of donning thegloves with a wet and dry hand;whether or not the inner lining willbecome detached under thespecific test conditions; andwhether or not each digit of each


76 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


glove of each size allows fullinsertion during the test.

While wearing a glove on one hand, the wearermust don a single glove on the opposite hand,without altering the glove lining, threeconsecutive times. The test is performed threetimes with a dry hand and dry gloves and threetimes with a wet hand and wet gloves.

The time of each donning for each size isrecorded and is averaged as a measure of theease of donning.

The standard requires a maximum averagedonning time for dry gloves and a separatemaximum average donning time for wet gloves.

While wearing a glove on one hand, the wearermust don a single glove on the opposite hand,without altering the glove lining, threeconsecutive times. The test is performed threetimes with a dry hand and dry gloves and threetimes with a wet hand and wet gloves.

The key to this test is that pass or faildeterminations are made based on the donningtime (if one size fails, the glove fails), separation(any detachment of the inner liner and/ormoisture barrier is a failure), and insertion (anyglove digits that do not allow full insertion is afailure).

7.7.20 LinerRetention Test

This test is performed on at least threeconditioned pairs of whole gloves, sized 70Wand 76W in two sizes .

The Liner Retention Test is used toevaluate the ability of the glove’sinner liner and moisture barrier tostay attached under applied forceafter laundering.

A set of locking forceps is attached to the interiorglove liner near the fingertip, which is thenattached to a strain gauge and pulled, using untilthe specified force, until 25 N (5 1 ⁄2 lbf)registers on the machine.

Each digit of each glove is inspected for innerliner detachment. The appearance of inner linerdetachment in any digit of any glove of any sizeconstitutes a failure. Gloves can be cut open tolook for detachment.

7.7.21 LabelDurability andLegibility Test 1

This test is performed on the whole glove, withlabels attached, after laundering, abrasion, andconvective heat exposure.

The Label Durability and LegibilityTest 1 is used to evaluate whetheror not the label stays in place and islegible to the unaided eye afterexposure to multiple launderings,abrasion, and convective heat.

The gloves are exposed to 10 laundry cycles asoutlined in AATCC 135, Dimensional Changesin Automatic Home Laundering of Woven andKnit Fabrics , subjected to abrasion inaccordance with ASTM D4966, Standard TestMethod for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics (Martindale Abrasion Test Method) ,and, lastly, subjected to convective heat.

In addition to being legible, thelabels must remain in placefollowing the testing. The presenceand legibility of labels is importantfor glove identification and tracking.


77 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


Glove labels are examined for continuedpresence (have to remain attached to the glove)and for legibility.

7.7.22 Grip Test This test is performed on at least three pairs ofnew, as distributed, sized 70W and 76W glovesin two sizes .

The Grip Test is used to evaluatethe glove’s gripping ability, underapplied force and specific testconditions. The test is designed tosimulate use of a pike pole inceiling pulls.

Six separate pull types are tested with three pullseach on a wet conditioned overhead verticalpole. The test subjects wet condition the glovesbefore each set of three pulls.

The peak pull force value for each individual pullis recorded and reported. The minimum pull forcevalue that occurs after the peak pull force valueis recorded and reported.

The individual percentage drop between the peakpull force value and the minimum pull force valueis calculated and used to determine pass or failperformance (the drop cannot be more than 30percent).

In addition, failure during any pull constitutesglove failure of the overall test.

7.7.23 Torque Test This test is performed on at least three pairs ofnew, as distributed, sized 70W and 76W glovesin two sizes .

The Torque Test is used to evaluatethe difference between how glovesaffect a fire fighter’s ability toperform gripping and twistingactions. The results compare thesame gripping/twisting actionperformed both bare-handed andwith the gloves. Percentages lessthan 100 percent mean that thegloves diminish gripping/twistingaction while percentages over 100percent mean that the glovesenhance gripping/twisting motion.

The test subject dons the glove and attempts totwist a vertical rod mounted on a torque meter.The maximum force applied by the test subject inthis twisting motion is measured.

The test is performed both bare-handed and withgloves donned. The test results are recorded andaveraged and the percent difference between thebare-handed results and the results for testsusing gloves is used to determine gloveperformance. Gloves must allow at least 80percent of the twisting force for the test subjectcompared to tests performed bare-handed.

7.7.24 Glove ToolTest

This test is performed on at least three pairs ofnew, as distributed, sized 70W and 76W glovesin two sizes .

The Glove Tool Test is used toevaluate the effect of gloves oncompleting a task compared tocompleting the same task withoutgloves. Lower percentages indicatethat the gloves have less adverseeffects on fire fighter tool use.


78 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


The test requires the wearer to pick up a bolt,nut, and washer set and assemble them on atest stand using only one hand . While beingtimed, the wearer has to fill all holes across thetop and all holes across the bottom of the teststand until all bolts bolt, nut, and washer setshave been installed in the test board.

The test is also performed without gloves toestablish a baseline result to determine the effectof the gloves when the wearer has to handlesmall objects. The difference in times for the testsperformed bare-handed (control) and with glovesis reported as a percentage.

The difference cannot exceed 175 percent. Thismeans that the use of the gloves cannot result inthis task taking more than 1.75 times longerwhen performing the same task without gloves.

7.7.25Transmitted andStored ThermalEnergy Test

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF2731 on the glove body composite back sideunder wet conditions. The test measures theheat transfer through the composite when it isexposed to a radiant heat source at a specificheat flux and relates the transferred heat energyto a predicted time of second-degree burn injury.

The Transmitted and StoredThermal Energy Test is used toevaluate, on average, how long ittakes to experience a second-degree burn on the back of thehand caused by radiant heat.

The time to second-degree burn are recorded foreach specimen.

The time to second-degree burn cannot be lessthan 130 seconds.

7.8.2 CorrosionResistance Test

The test is performed in accordance with ASTMB117, Test Method for Water Resistance:Impact Penetration Test , to measure corrosion.Metal hardware is exposed to a saline solutionspray for 20 hours, following which base metalcan show no only slight surface corrosion andthe hardware must remain functional.

The Corrosion Resistance Test isused to evaluate whether (1)hardware will (1) corrode and (2)hardware will remain functionalafter extended exposure to a saltspray.

(glove metalhardware andhardware thatincludes metalparts)

Hardware failure can result in lossof thermal and physical protectionfor the fire fighter.


79 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

B.5 Footwear.


80 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Table B.5 is intended to serve as an abbreviated guide to all specified tests for the whole footwear,including the whole footwear boot, the footwear upper, and all materials used in the construction of thewhole footwear element. The tests are intended to evaluate whether or not the footwear meets theminimum performance requirements of the 2018 edition of NFPA 1971 2017 . They do not guarantee thesafety of the fire fighter or ensure the fire fighter will not experience an injury while wearing the footwear.

Table B.5 Footwear

TestMethod

Test Method Description Test Method Application

7.10.1ConductiveHeatResistanceTest 2

This test is performed on the conditioned completefootwear element with removable soles in place.Thermocouples are taped to the insole surface insidethe footwear, and the footwear is filled with 4.55 kg(10 lb) a specified weight of steel balls. Theweighted footwear is placed on a hot plate set at aspecific temperature of 260°C (500°F) for a 20minutes specific time . The thermocouples inside theboot measure the temperature of the footwear insole.

The Conductive Heat Resistance Test2 is used to evaluate the footwear’sresistance to heat transferred throughthe sole by conduction with a hotsurface .

The average temperature at each test location of thespecimen at the end of 20 minutes the specifiedperiod is recorded. The temperature of the insolecannot exceed 44°C (111°F) the allowedtemperature .

The steel balls weigh the footweardown to place pressure on the soleagainst the hot surface, similar towhat happens on the fireground. Thetest conditions are not intended tosimulate actual fireground exposuresbut rather serve as a means formeasuring the footwear’s response toheat. The performance requirementrelates to the average temperaturethat causes pain sensation.

7.10.2 FlameResistanceTest 4

This test is performed on the whole footwear elementin a draft-free area as received. A tray of fuel is usedto create the flame exposure. The fuel in the tray isignited and is allowed to burn to produce a stableflame. The footwear specimen is clamped on afixture then positioned above the burning tray wherea shutter controls the exposure of the footwearspecimen to flames for 12 seconds a specifiedperiod .

The Flame Resistance Test 4 is usedto evaluate whether the footwearmelts, drips, or exhibits burn-throughand determines whether it has anafterflame lasting more than 5.0seconds.

Once the flame exposure is stopped, the footwearspecimen is examined for afterflame (not more than5.0 seconds allowed), melting, dripping, andburn-through. The specimen cannot melt, drip, orexhibit any burn-through.

This is the primary test to establishthe flame-resistant properties of thematerials used in footwearconstruction.

7.10.3ThreadMelting Test

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMD7138 on the three different specimens of sewingthread used in the construction of the footwear. Thetest is performed on specimens “ asreceived.” Sample threads are placed on a hot plateand slowly heated to 260°C (500°F).

The Thread Melting Test is used toevaluate the thread used in theconstruction of the footwear elementto determine whether it has at leastthe same minimum heat resistanceas the fabric used in the footwear’sconstruction.

The temperature at which the thread melts ordecomposes is recorded, and if it melts below260°C (500°F), the specific temperature, it fails.

7.10.4 LiquidPenetrationResistanceTest

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF903, Standard Test Method for Failure in SewnSeams of Woven Fabrics , on the footwear moisturebarrier and moisture barrier seams. Swatchesrepresentative of the footwear construction (not justthe barrier layer) are exposed to convective heat

The Liquid Penetration ResistanceTest is used to evaluate whether ornot the footwear’s moisture barriermaterial and seams resist penetrationof liquids meant to be representativeof those commonly encountered on


81 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

TestMethod


conditioning; then the barrier layer is separated andbecomes the testing specimen. The normal outersurface of the material is exposed to Aqueous FilmForming Foam concentrate aqueous film-formingfoam , battery acid, synthetic surrogate gasoline,fire-resistant hydraulic fluid, and swimming poolchlorine additive. , and automobile antifreezefluid . Each liquid is tested separately on anindividual specimen.

the fireground.

During the 1 hour exposure, pressure is appliedbehind the liquid for a period of time. At the end ofexposure, each sample is evaluated. No liquid canpenetrate any sample.

7.10.5 ViralPenetrationResistanceTest

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF1671, Standard Test Method for Resistance ofMaterials Used in Protective Clothing to Penetrationby Blood-Borne Pathogens Using Phi-X-174Bacteriophage Penetration as a Test System , onthe footwear moisture barrier and moisture barrierseams. Swatches representative of the footwearconstruction (not just the barrier layer) are exposedto convective heat conditioning; , then the barrierlayer is separated and becomes the testingspecimen. The specimens are placed in a test cellwhere the taped film side (the The normal outersurface) of the material is exposed to a surrogatevirus in a liquid solution and is evaluated for passageof virus after 1 hour a specific time .

The Viral Penetration Resistance Testis used to evaluate the ability of thefootwear’s moisture barrier materialsand seams to keep blood-bornepathogens from coming in contactwith the fire fighter’s fighter skin .

During the 1 hour specified time exposure, pressureis applied behind the liquid. At the end of exposure,the specimen is rinsed with a clean solution andexamined. Any evidence of viral passage through thebarrier fabric or seam as determined using amicrobiological technique constitutes a failure.

7.10.6PunctureResistanceTest

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF1342/F1342M , Standard Test Method forProtective Clothing Material Resistance toPuncture , Test Method A, on footwear uppers “ asreceived.” Footwear uppers are clamped into afixture while force is applied to a nail-like probe in aneffort to puncture the specimen. The force requiredto puncture each specimen is recorded andaveraged, and the resulting average cannot be lowerthan 60 N (13 lbf) the specified force .

The Puncture Resistance Test is usedto evaluate the ability of the footwearuppers to resist puncture underspecific test conditions. Higheraverage force measurements indicategreater puncture resistance.

7.10.7 CutResistanceTest

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF1790/F1790M , Standard Test Methods forMeasuring Cut Resistance of Materials Used inProtective Clothing with CPP Test Equipment , onfootwear uppers as received under a specific loadof 800 g . The specimen (a composite of footwearupper used in the actual footwear construction,including the tongue but excluding the gusset, withlayers arranged in proper order) is clamped to ametal rod while a blade passes across the specimenuntil it makes contact with the metal rod. Aftertesting, the average distance of blade travel isrecorded and cannot be more than 20 mm (0.8

The Cut Resistance Test is used toevaluate the ability of the footwearupper composite to resist cuttingunder specific test conditions. Longerblade travel distances representgreater cut resistance because ittakes longer for the blade to cutthrough the material.


82 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

TestMethod


in.) the specified length .

7.10.8 SlipResistanceTest

This test is performed in accordance with ISO13287, Personal protective equipment — Footwear— Test method for slip resistance , ASTM F2913 ,Standard Test Method for Measuring the Coefficientof Friction for Evaluation of Slip Performance ofFootwear and Test Surfaces/Flooring Using aWhole Shoe Tester, on a men’s size 9D the wholefootwear element. A footwear specimen is placed ina machine that slides the footwear along a wet tilesurface. This test measures the friction (traction)between the soles of the footwear and the tilesurface. The coefficient of friction is recorded foreach specimen and averaged. The result should be0.40 or greater.

The Slip Resistance Test is used toevaluate the ability of the footwear toresist slipping under specified testconditions. The surface condition ischosen to simulate a typical slipperysurface encountered by fire fighters.

7.10.9AbrasionResistanceTest

This test is performed in accordance with ISO 4649,Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic —Determination of abrasion resistance using a rotatingcylindrical drum device, Method A, on materialpieces removed from the footwear soles and heel asreceived. These material specimens are repetitivelyrubbed against a specific type of sandpaper under aspecified pressure; , then the amount of materialremoved by abrasion is measured. Abrasionresistance of the footwear sole and heel materials isadjusted by relative loss of material.

The Abrasion Resistance Test is usedto evaluate the footwear’s ability toresist abrasion under specified testconditions. The test is intended tomeasure how easily sole and heelmaterial wear away with use .

7.10.10ElectricalInsulationTest 2

This test is performed in accordance with Section 9of ASTM F2412, Standard Test Methods for FootProtection, on at least three specimens of wholefootwear elements as received. The sample footwearare tested to 14,000 V in accordance with Section 9of ASTM F2412. Small metal balls are placed in afootwear specimen, which is then placed on a metalmesh platform. a specific voltage . Voltage is appliedto the footwear specimen through the metal meshplatform.

The Electrical Insulation Test 2 isused to evaluate thefootwear's footwear’s resistance toelectricity under specified testconditions. The test simulatesconditions when a fire fighter steps ona live wire.

The footwear element is evaluated for currentleakage or evidence of breakdown. The footwearshould not have a leakage in excess of 3.0 mA thespecified amount .

7.10.11LadderShank BendResistanceTest

This test is performed on footwear ladder shanks orwhole sole equivalents as received. The specimen isplaced on mounting blocks, as it would be orientedtoward the ladder, and subjected to force on itscenter with the test probe operated at 50 mm/min (2in./min) a specific force .

The Ladder Shank Bend ResistanceTest is used to evaluate the footwearsoles or ladder shanks for resistanceto bending when supported only inthe middle of the footwear. The testsimulates what occurs when a firefighter uses a ladder.

The average deflection is recorded to the nearest 1mm (.05 in.) and should not deflect more than 6 mm( 1 ⁄4 in.) a specific distance .

7.10.12Eyelet andStud PostAttachmentTest

This test is performed on footwear eyelets and studposts as received. Specimens are removed from thefootwear element and attached to the upper positionof the tensile testing machine using the proper pullerfixture. The test is started and force is applied.

The Eyelet and Stud Post AttachmentTest is used to evaluate the footwearstud posts and eyelets for attachmentstrength when force is applied. Thistest is used to determine whetherstud posts and eyelets will stay


83 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

TestMethod


attached under normal useconditions.

At a minimum, the average of all specimen tests canbe no less than 294 N (66 lbf) the specified force .The footwear eyelets and stud posts have to be ableto withstand, on average, at least 294 N (66 lbf) thespecified force .

7.10.13CorrosionResistanceTest

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMB117, Test Method for Water Resistance: ImpactPenetration Test , to measure corrosion on allfootwear hardware “ as received.” Metal hardware isexposed to a 5 percent saline solution for 20hours a specified period . Following the test, thehardware is evaluated for the appearance ofcorrosion or oxidation and to see if it remainsfunctional. Evidence of corrosion on the base metalsignifies failure.

The Corrosion Resistance Test isused to evaluate whether (1)hardware will (1) corrode and (2)hardware will remain functional afterextended exposure to salt spray.

(metalhardwareandhardwarethat includesmetal parts)

Hardware failure can result in loss ofthermal and physical protection forthe fire fighter.

7.10.14LabelDurabilityand LegibilityTest 1

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMD4966 on the complete footwear element, withlabels attached, after abrasion and . Legibility isassessed with labels attached to the footwear afterconvective heat/ thermal exposure and assessed onindividual labels after abrasion .

The Label Durability and LegibilityTest 1 is used to evaluate whether ornot the label stays in place and islegible to the unaided eye afterabrasion and thermal exposure. Thepresence and legibility of labels isimportant for footwear identificationand tracking.

Footwear specimens are subjected to abrasion inaccordance with ASTM D4966, Standard TestMethod for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics(Martindale Abrasion Test Method) , and areexposed to convective heat to test for heat durability.

Footwear labels are examined for continuedpresence (have to remain attached to the footwear)and for legibility.

7.10.15 Heatand ThermalShrinkageResistanceTest

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF2894, Standard Test Method for Evaluation ofMaterials, Protective Clothing and Equipment forHeat Resistance Using a Hot Air Circulating Oven ,on at least three men’s size 9D complete footwearelements “ as received.” The footwear component isfilled with glass beads and suspended in a 260°C,+8/–0°C (500°F, +14/–0°F), oven for 5 minutes,+15/–0 seconds exposed to thermal insult for aspecified period of time .

The Heat and Thermal ShrinkageResistance Test is used to evaluatethe footwear for heat degradationeffects after exposure to hightemperatures.

Post-exposure, the specimen is examined inside andoutside before conditioning in an environmentalchamber and again after conditioning for melting,separation, or ignition.

Footwear is not permitted to melt,separate, or ignite under theseconditions. Footwear is also tested forliquid penetration resistance afterthermal exposure and flexing to showthat footwear will continue to maintainits integrity following simulated use


84 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

TestMethod


and heat exposure.

Next, the footwear specimen is tested in accordancewith Appendix B of FIA 1209, Whole Shoe Flex, andflexed on a machine 100,000 times to simulatewalking movement. Lastly, the footwear specimen isimmersed in surfactant-treated water to a certainheight for 2 hours then evaluated for leakage.

If any one of the at least threespecimens being tested fails any oneof these tests (melts, separates,ignites, shows water penetration,sole separation, seam separation, orcomponent breakage), the footwearelement fails.

The appearance of any liquid inside the footwearafter exposure is reported as a failure. Also, allcomponents must remain functional.

7.11.2Radiant HeatResistanceTest 1

This test is performed on each area of the footwearupper, on a minimum of three complete footwearitems, as well as the tongue but excluding thegusset , including booties, where provided, asreceived.

The Radiant Heat Resistance Test 1is used to evaluate the footwear forresistance to heat transfer fromexposure to radiant energy. The testconditions are not intended tosimulate actual fireground exposures,but rather serve as a means formeasuring the footwear’s response toradiant heat.

The specimen is placed in front of a radiometer andexposed to heat for 30 seconds a specified period at1000K ± 455K (1340°F ± 360°F) a specifictemperature . The temperature at 30 seconds ofexposure for each area is recorded and reported,then averaged; the average cannot exceed 44°C(111°F) the specified temperature .

7.11.3ConductiveHeatResistanceTest 1

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF1060, Standard Test Method for ThermalProtective Performance of Materials for ProtectiveClothing for Hot Surface Contact , on the footwearupper composites “ as received.” Compositespecimens are placed on a hot plate that is heated to280°C (536°F) a specific temperature , while aspecific pressure of 3.45 kPa ± 0.35 kPa (0.5 psi ±0.05 psi) is applied. A weighted sensor on top of thespecimen measures the rate of heat transfer.

The Conductive Heat Resistance Test1 is used to evaluate the upperportion of the footwear for thermalinsulation. The test conditions are notintended to simulate actual firegroundexposures, but rather serve as ameans for measuring the footwearupper’s resistance to heat transferwhen contacted is made with a hotsurface.

The heat transfer data are used to predict the time topain and the time to second-degree burn.

The average time to pain cannot be fewer than 6seconds, and the average time to second-degreeburn cannot be fewer than 10 seconds.


85 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

B.6 Hoods.


86 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Table B.6 is intended to serve as an abbreviated guide to all specified tests for whole hoods, includingthe whole hood, with or without an SCBA facepiece and all materials used in the construction of thewhole hood hood. In addition, the Optional Particulate Hood Requirements are included . The testsevaluate whether or not the hood meets the minimum performance requirements of the 2018 edition ofNFPA 1971. They do not guarantee the safety of the fire fighter or ensure the fire fighter will notexperience an injury while wearing the hood.

Table B.6 Hoods


7.13.1 HoodOpening SizeRetention Test

This test is performed on the protective hood asreceived. The hood is marked before testing in at leasteight locations to capture any shrinkage or growth withthe protective hood. The whole hood is placed on aheadform tensile tester and passed up elongated andover the headform returned to its original position 50times for testing to simulate donning and doffing .

The hood opening measured after testing cannotexceed 110 percent of the original measured facepieceopening size.

The Hood Opening SizeRetention Test is used toevaluate the ability of thehood to retain its shape afterbeing pulled over the headmany times and to makesure it doesn’t fit too tightlyaround the neck when notdeployed .

Once completed, the hood is removed from theheadform tensile tester and allowed to rest for 1 minute.The hood is evaluated in then placed on the originaleight (or more) locations hood face opening measuringdevice to determine whether the hood opening retainsits shape compliance .

The hood opening has to slide freely over the top half ofthe hood measuring device while in the relaxed stateand cannot show any gaps when placed on the lowerhalf of the hood measuring device.

7.13.1.1 HoodOpening SizeRetention Test

This test is performed on the protective hood as receivedusing the specific SCBA facepiece the hood is designedto interface with. The hood is marked before testing in atleast eight locations to capture any shrinkage or growthwith the protective hood . The whole hood is placed on aheadform (with the SCBA facepiece in place) tensiletester and passed up elongated and over theheadform returned to its original position 50 times fortesting to simulate donning and doffing .

This test evaluates the abilityof the hood’s SCBAfacepiece face pieceopening to retain its shapeafter being pulled over thehead and the specified SCBAfacepiece face piece manytimes.

(when the hood isdesigned for aspecific SCBAfacepiece)

If the hood is designed to be manually adjusted whendonned, the person performing the test has to manuallyadjust the hood each time it is placed on the headformwith facepiece.

Once completed, the hood is removed from theheadform tensile tester and allowed to rest for 1 minute.The hood is then donned on the headform and placedover the facepiece. The hood is evaluated in the originaleight (or more) locations to determine if the hoodopening retains its shape.

The hood used in this test has to overlap the outer edgeof the specific SCBA facepiece-to-face seal perimeter byat least 13 mm (1⁄2 in.).

7.13.2 ThermalProtectivePerformance(TPP) Test

This test is performed in accordance with ISO 17492,Clothing for protection against heat and flame —Determination of heat transmission on exposure to bothflame and radiant heat, on the portions of the hood thatcover the neck and facial area as received and afterconditioning with 5 five laundering cycles. Specimens

The Thermal ProtectivePerformance (TPP) test isused to measure theinsulating performance of thehood by evaluating howquickly heat is transferred


87 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


used for testing must be at least 180 mm (7 in.)square a specific size . The hood is exposed to bothradiant and convective heat sources.

from the outside of the hoodto the inside.

The rate of rise in temperature is recorded andcompared to the known skin response to heat; therecorded time is multiplied by the heat exposure energyto determine the TPP rating.

Under the given testconditions, which simulatesevere flashover conditions,the TPP rating divided in halfindicates the approximatenumber of seconds until afire fighter would receive asecond-degree burn.

The TPP rating of the hood has to be at least 20.0 .

This is the primary test tomeasure the hood’s ability toprotect the fire fighter fromsevere heat and flame. ATPP rating of 20.0 isacceptable because the hoodarea is overlapped byanother part of the ensemblethat also provides insulation.

7.13.3 FlameResistance Test 1

This test is performed in accordance with ASTM D6413,Standard Test Method for Flame Resistance of Textiles(Vertical Test) , on five individual samples of hoodmaterial(s) and five individual samples of labels attachedto hood material(s).

The Flame Resistance Test 1is used to evaluate the hoodmaterials, under controlledtest conditions, for the abilityto self-extinguish after theflame is removed and toresist charring, melting, anddripping.

Specimens are tested as received and after conditioningwith 5 five laundry cycles. Hood labels are cut from theconditioned samples and tested in a vertical flamechamber in accordance with ASTM D 6413 D6413 .

Specimens are evaluated for average char length( [ cannot exceed 100 mm (4 in.); ]; for averageafterflame (cannot be more than 2.0 seconds); and forevidence of melting or dripping (material cannot melt ordrip).

7.13.4 Heat andThermalShrinkageResistance Test(shrinkage)

This test is performed on complete hoods as receivedand after conditioning with 5 five laundry cycles onhood materials .Dimensions

The Heat and ThermalShrinkage Resistance Test isused for this requirement toevaluate the hood materialsfor shrinkage after exposureto high temperatures.

The hood is placed on a nonconductive headform in thecenter of the test oven with the front of the hood facingthe airflow at and exposed to 260°C, +8/–0°C (500°F,+14/–0°F), ) for 5 minutes, +15/–0 seconds .Dimensions

Excessive shrinkage couldimpact the insulating qualitiesof the hood.

After this exposure hoods are measured in evaluated ona minimum hood measuring device. Hoods are requiredto slide freely over the top half of eight differentlocations for the face opening the hood measuringdevice while in the relaxed state, and additionally onthree dimensions based cannot show any gaps whenplaced on the top lower half of the hood measuringdevice. Measurements from the top of the hood downthe sides and down the basic plane. Post-exposure


88 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


measurements back are taken and averaged, andno used to determine shrinkage. Hoods cannot shrinkmore than 10 percent shrinkage is permitted .

7.13.5 Heat andThermalShrinkageResistance Test

This test is performed after conditioning hoods andlabels with 5 five laundry cycles. The specimen is placedon a nonconductive headform in the center of the ovenwith the front of the hood facing the airflow at andexposed to 260°C, +8/–0°C (500°F, +14/–0°C), ) for 5minutes, +15/–0 seconds .

The Heat and ThermalShrinkage Resistance Test isused for this requirement toevaluate the hood materialsfor melting, separation, andignition after exposure tohigh temperatures.

(melting,separation,ignition)

Hoods cannot show evidence of melting,separating separation , or ignition after this test.

7.13.6 CleaningShrinkageResistance Test

This test is performed on three complete hoods withlabels. The hood is placed on a nonconductiveheadform, and measurements as received.

Each measurement is recorded before and afterlaundering, then averaged. The average before andafter measurements are used to calculate the percentdifference of the hood face opening dimensions, and nomore than 5 percent shrinkage is permitted.

While averages are used for the final calculation, in theevent one or more hood specimens fail this test, thehood fails.

The Cleaning ShrinkageResistance Test is used toevaluate hood materials forshrinkage after cleaning.

Hoods are machine washed five times using a specificlaundry procedure. taken of the face opening at aminimum of eight separate locations around the entireperimeter of the face opening and at the back and bothsides

Excessive shrinkageincreases the possibility ofburns.

After washing, hoods are evaluated on a hoodmeasuring device. Hoods are required to slide freelyover the top half of the hood measuring device while inthe relaxed state, and cannot show any gaps whenplaced on the lower half of the hood measuring device.Measurements from the top of the hood to down thebasic plane sides and down the back are used todetermine shrinkage. Hoods cannot shrink more than 5percent .


This test is performed performed in accordance withASTM D7138 on the three different specimens ofsewing thread used in the construction of the hood. Thetest is performed on “ as received” specimens. Samplethreads are placed on a hot plate and slowly heated to260°C (500°F) .

The Thread Melting Test isused to evaluate the threadused in the construction ofthe hoods to determine if ithas at least the same heatresistance as the fabric usedin garment construction.

The temperature at which the thread melts ordecomposes is recorded, and if it melts below 260°C(500°F), it fails.

7.13.8 BurstStrength Test

(knit material)

This test is performed in accordance with ASTM D6797,Standard Test Method for Bursting Strength of FabricsConstant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Test , onthe knit hood materials as received.

The Burst Strength Test isused to evaluate the strengthof the hood material bymeasuring its resistance tobursting or rupturing whenforce is applied underspecific test conditions.


89 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


Hood Material: A tensile testing machine is used to pusha steel ball through the clamped hood material. Themaximum forced force used to burst the material isrecorded. The specimen cannot burst under fewer lessthan the specified force. 225 N (51 lbf)

This test is used to determinewhether, on average, thehood material can sustainapplied force of at least 225N (51 lbf) , under specific testconditions. Higher burstingforce resistance numbersindicate stronger hoodmaterials.

A tensile testing machine is used to push a steel ballthrough the clamped hood composite.


(knit hoodseams)

This test is performed in accordance with ASTM D6797on at least five specimens of conditioned knit hoodseams.

The Seam-Breaking StrengthTest is used to evaluate thestrength of the hood seamsunder stress. The durabilityof the seam is an indicator ofphysical performance whensubjected to repeateddonning and doffing. Higherbreaking forces indicatestronger seams.

The seam breaking strength (the amount of poundsforce required to break the seam) is recorded andreported for each specimen, and those values areaveraged for the assessment.

The force required to break the seam is recorded andaveraged for the test specimens, and the average resultcannot be less than 181 N (41 lbf) the specified force .

7.13.10 LabelDurability andLegibility Test 1

These tests are performed on hood labels on completehoods with labels attached (laundering); ), individuallabels (abrasion); ), and labels sewn onto a separatesquare of hood material (convective heat exposure).

The Label Durability andLegibility Test 1 is used toevaluate whether or not thelabel stays in place and islegible to the unaided eyeafter exposure to multiplelaunderings, abrasion, andconvective heat.

The laundering test is performed in accordance withAATCC 135, Dimensional Changes in Automatic HomeLaundering of Woven and Knit Fabrics , and theabrasion test is performed in accordance with ASTMD4966, Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistanceof Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Test Method) .

In addition to being legible,the labels must remain inplace following the testing.The presence and legibility oflabels is important forglove hood identification andtracking.

Hood labels are examined for continued presencepresence (have to remain attached to the hood) and forlegibility.

7.14.2 ParticulateBlocking Test

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF2299/F2299M , Standard Test Method for Determiningthe Initial Efficiency of Materials Used in Medical FaceMasks to Penetration by Particulates Using LatexSpheres, on three specimens of conditioned particulateblocking materials.

The Particulate BlockingTest is intended to replicatesmoke exposure to hoods.The hoods are evaluated forparticulates penetrating thehood.

(OptionalRequirement)

Modifications were made to the test method to allow fortesting materials that are not air permeable. Materialsare required to meet 90 percent efficiency.


90 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


7.14.3 Total HeatLoss (THL) Test

This test is performed in accordance with ASTMF1868 , Standard Test Method for Thermal andEvaporative Resistance of Clothing Materials Using aSweating Hot Plate, on samples of the hood compositeconditioned at room temperature arranged in the orderand orientation it is worn. Specimens are placed on asweating hot plate to evaluate heat transfer under wetconditions and thermal resistance under dry conditions.These values are combined in an equation to provide atotal heat loss value.

The Total Heat Loss (THL)Test is used to evaluate theamount of heat that can betransferred out of the hoodcomposite via both sweatevaporation from thewearer’s skin andconduction through thegarment to the outsideenvironment.

(OptionalRequirement)

Higher values indicate betterperformance and more heatloss. However, appropriateTHL values for yourdepartment must beconsidered with TPP values.(See A.7.2.2 for moredetail s .)


91 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

B.7 Wristlets.


92 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

B.7 is intended to serve as an abbreviated guide to specified tests for wristlets and materials used inthe construction of protective wristlet interface components. The tests evaluate whether or not thewristlet meets the minimum performance requirements of the 2018 edition of NFPA 1971. They do notguarantee the safety of the fire fighter or ensure the fire fighter will not experience injury while wearingprotective elements including wristlets.

Table B.7 Footwear


7.16.1 ThermalProtectivePerformance (TPP)Test

This test is performed in accordance withISO 17492 on the protective wristletinterface components as received and afterconditioning. The protective wristletinterface components are exposed to bothradiant and convective heat sources.

The Thermal Protective Performance(TPP) test is used to measure theinsulating performance of theprotective wristlet interfacecomponents by evaluating howquickly heat is transferred from theoutside of the protective wristletinterface components to the inside.

Under the given test conditions,which simulate severe flashoverconditions, the TPP rating divided inhalf indicates the approximatenumber of seconds until a fire fighterwould receive a second-degree burn.

This is the primary test to measurethe protective wristlet interfacecomponent’s ability to protect the firefighter from severe heat and flame. ATPP rating of 20 is acceptablebecause the protective wristletinterface component area isoverlapped by another part of theensemble that also providesinsulation.

The rate of rise in temperature is recordedand compared to the known skin responseto heat; the recorded time is multiplied bythe heat exposure energy to determine theTPP rating.

The TPP rating of the protective wristletinterface components has to be at least 20.

7.16.1.1 ThermalProtectivePerformance (TPP)Test (coat sleeveends in agarment-gloveinterface)

This test is performed in accordance withISO 17492 on the interface compositewhere the coat sleeve end terminates in agarment-glove interface, as received andafter conditioning. The interface compositeis exposed to both radiant and convectiveheat sources.

The Thermal Protective Performance(TPP) test is used to measure theinsulating performance of thegarment-glove interface byevaluating how quickly heat istransferred from the outside of theinterface composite to the inside.

The rate of rise in temperature is recordedand compared to the known skin responseto heat; the recorded time is multiplied bythe heat exposure energy to determine theTPP rating.

Under the given test conditions,which simulate severe flashoverconditions, the TPP rating divided inhalf indicates the approximatenumber of seconds until a fire fighterwould receive a second-degree burn.

This is the primary test to measurethe interface composite’s ability toprotect the fire fighter from severeheat and flame.


93 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


The TPP rating of the protective wristletinterface components has to be at least 35.

7.16.2 FlameResistance Test 1

This test is performed in accordance withASTM D6413/D6413M on five individualsamples of protective wristlet interfacecomponent material(s). Specimens aretested after conditioning with five laundrycycles.

The Flame Resistance Test 1 is usedto evaluate the protective wristletinterface component materials, undercontrolled test conditions, for theability to self-extinguish after theflame is removed and to resistcharring, melting, and dripping.

Specimens are evaluated for average charlength (cannot exceed a specified length);for average afterflame (cannot be morethan 2 seconds); and for evidence ofmelting or dripping (material cannot melt ordrip).


This test is performed after conditioningwith five laundry cycles on protectivewristlet interface components materials.

The Heat and Thermal ShrinkageResistance Test is used for thisrequirement to evaluate theprotective wristlet interfacecomponents materials for shrinkageafter exposure to high temperatures.

(shrinkage)Protective wristlet interface componentscannot shrink more than 10 percent in anydirection.

Excessive shrinkage could impactthe insulating qualities of theprotective wristlet interfacecomponents.


This test is performed after conditioningprotective wristlet interface componentsand labels with five laundry cycles.

The Heat and Thermal ShrinkageResistance Test is used for thisrequirement to evaluate theprotective wristlet interfacecomponents materials for melting,separation, and ignition afterexposure to high temperatures.

(melting, separation,ignition)

Protective wristlet interface componentscannot show evidence of melting,separation, or ignition after this test.

7.16.5 CleaningShrinkageResistance Test

This test is performed after conditioningwith five laundry cycles on protectivewristlet interface component materials.

The Heat and Thermal ShrinkageResistance Test is used for thisrequirement to evaluate theprotective wristlet interfacecomponent materials for shrinkageafter exposure to high temperatures.

Protective wristlet interface componentcannot shrink more than 5 percent in anydirection.

Excessive shrinkage could impactthe insulating qualities of theprotective wristlet interfacecomponents.


This test is performed in accordance withASTM D7138 on the three differentspecimens of sewing thread used in theconstruction of the protective wristletinterface components as received.

The Thread Melting Test is used toevaluate the thread used in theconstruction of the protective wristletinterface components to determine ifit has at least the same heatresistance as the fabric used ingarment construction.

The temperature at which the thread meltsor decomposes is recorded, and if it meltsbelow a specific temperature, it fails.


94 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM


7.16.7 Burst StrengthTest (knit wristletmaterial)

This test is performed in accordance withASTM D6797 on the knit protective wristletinterface components materials asreceived.

The Burst Strength Test is used toevaluate the strength of theprotective wristlet interfacecomponents by measuring itsresistance to bursting or rupturingwhen force is applied under specifictest conditions.

A tensile testing machine is used to push asteel ball through the clamped protectivewristlet interface component materials. Themaximum force used to burst the materialis recorded. The specimen cannot burstunder less than the specified force.

This test is used to determinewhether, on average, the protectivewristlet interface components cansustain applied force of at least thespecified force, under specific testconditions. Higher bursting forceresistance numbers indicate strongerprotective wristlet interfacecomponents.


This test is performed on at least fivespecimens of conditioned knit protectivewristlet interface components seams.

The Seam-Breaking Strength Test isused to evaluate the strength of theprotective wristlet interfacecomponent seams under stress. Thedurability of the seam is an indicatorof physical performance whensubjected to repeated donning anddoffing. Higher breaking forcesindicate stronger seams.

(knit wristlet seams)

The seam breaking strength (the amount ofpounds force required to break the seam)is recorded and reported for eachspecimen and those values are averagedfor the assessment.

The force required to break the seam isrecorded and averaged for the testspecimens, and the average result cannotbe less than the specified force.

7.16.9 WholeGarment andEnsemble LiquidPenetration Test(Shower Test)

This test is performed in accordance withASTM F1359 on a full garment set (coatand pants) or coveralls. The wholegarment is placed on a manikin dressed ina water-absorptive layer and exposed to2.5 minutes of liquid spray from fourdifferent orientations for a total of 10minutes. After removal of the garment, thewater-absorptive layer is examined forevidence of moisture penetration.

The Shower Test is used to evaluatehow well the seams and closures ofthe garment, under controlled testconditions, resist inward leakage ofliquids from exterior sources. This isa test to determine whether or notthe garment will help keep the firefighter dry from hose streams,standing water, and precipitation.

(where the coatsleeve endterminates in agarment-gloveinterface)

Note: The Shower Test is the onlytest performed on assembledgarments — coats and pants.



Annex_B_7.13.8.docx For staff use

1971_SCR-5_Table_B.6-leg_changes.docx Shows legislative changes to row 7.13.8. For staff use.


95 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: Changes made based on alteration to 7.13.8.

Committee Comment No. 62-NFPA 1971-2016 [Chapter B]

Ballot Results


31 Eligible Voters

4 Not Returned

27 Affirmative All



0 Abstention

Not Returned

Farley, Edmund

Johnson, James S.

Legendre, Jeff

Reall, Jack E.

Affirmative All

Allen, Jason L.

Area, James B.

Arrington, Joseph

Barker, Roger L.

Brinkley, James E.

Corrado, Steven D.

Fargo, Cristine Z.

Freese, Robert A.



Haston, David V.

Hess, Diane B.


96 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Hosea, Thomas M.

Lehtonen, Karen E.

Mackin, Gregory J.

Matthews, David G.

Mauti, Benjamin

McKenna, Michael F.

Morris, John H.

Stull, Jeffrey O.

Tomlinson, Tim W.



Varner, Bruce H.


Weise, Richard

Winer, Harry P.


97 of 97 1/12/2017 11:46 AM

Eligible to Vote: 31

Not Returned : 5

Jack E. Reall,Cristine Z. Fargo,James S.

Johnson,Jeff Legendre,Edmund Farley

Vote Selection Votes Comments

Affirmative 23

Affirmative with Comment 1

John H. Morris SCR-1 needs to be resolved prior to forwarding.

Negative 2

Harry P. Winer I believe that section 4.3.16 should be deleted prior to submitting the ballot to the

satandards council for reasons that I previously stated, that it goes against the TC

vote on this issue and this now creates a correlating issue with other satandards.

Robert A. Freese See Negative vote on note section 4.3.16

Abstain 0

For Simple majority and also three-fourth majority election; the simple affirmative votes needed are 16 and the three-fourth

affirmative votes needed are 20

Election:1971_A2017_FAE_AAC_SDForward_Ballot

Results by Revision

I am in agreement with forwarding NFPA 1971 to the Standards Council for further processing.

Total Voted : 26

Documents

National Fire Protection Association Report · Second Correlating Revision No. 1-NFPA 1971-2016 [ New Section after 4.3.16 ] 4.3.17 To facilitate the provision of compliance data