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Libertad November/December 1989 Special Supplement BANGS AND WHIMPERS The following speech was delievered by the legendary Judge Bruce Wright on the occassion of the Sixth Anniversary of the Marion Lockdown, at DePaul University. The acitivity was sponsored by the National Com- mittee and the Marion Committee. Libertad is honored to publish it in its entirety because of its powerful and insightful message about the criminal justice system. Judge Bruce Wright is probably one of the most controversial members of the US judicial system. His nickname "Turn 'em loose Bruce" was given to him when he released an accused police slasher on his own recognizance. Judge Wright is the author of Black Robes, White Justice My fellow intellectuals, who think that you think; My fellow believers, who believe that you believe; My fellow urban peasants, strug- gling to liberate us all; My fellow civilians, seeking an understandable esperanto to civilize America's jailkeepers; My fellow visionaries, who profess to see redemptive salvation through unequal jousting with the establish- ment; My fellow abolitionists of that neo- yet ancient slavery known as impris- onment; My fellow convicts, sentenced to life within your ideals; My fellow stoics, brave enough and defiant enough to speak common sense; My fellow optimists who never- theless know that life is a terminal dis- ease; My fellow cynics who know that things are never as bad as they seem, because they are worse; My fellow idealists who probably think that making love is more than the mating of two sewer systems; My fellow sufferers, bleeding in- ternally from the cruel blessings of America the beautiful; My fellow victims of the persis- tence of memory, who know that a free people must free themselves; My fellow parsers of syntax, con- fronted by riddles, paradoxes, enigmas, dilemmas, puzzles and runic contra- dictions; My fellow melancholy philoso- phers, who must sometimes feel like joining a bitter choir and intoning that "***this world is all a-leak, and life- boats there are none;" My fellow patients of malignant hypertension, who often forget that we cannot avoid our endings, without first avoiding our beginnings; My fellow explorers, trying des- perately to find a sense of direction along that one-way and dead-end road to Samara; My fellow warriors who must sometimes feel baffled and vexed and a bit like the people who would commit suicide, except for their fear of what the neighbors might say; My fellow insomniacs, who know better than T.S. Elliot all about those menacing shapes that trouble one's mid- night slumber and noon-day repose; My fellow critics, who know that America has flunked our most critical examinations; My fellow members of an endan- gered species, whose work needs the longevity of a Methuselah; My fellow critics, who know that the American criminal justice system (See next page)

My fellow idealists who probably BANGS AND WHIMPERS...Libertad November/December 1989 Special Supplement BANGS AND WHIMPERS The following speech was delievered by the legendary Judge

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Page 1: My fellow idealists who probably BANGS AND WHIMPERS...Libertad November/December 1989 Special Supplement BANGS AND WHIMPERS The following speech was delievered by the legendary Judge

Libertad November/December 1989

Special Supplement

BANGS ANDWHIMPERS

The following speech was delievered by the legendary Judge BruceWright on the occassion of the Sixth Anniversary of the Marion Lockdown,at DePaul University. The acitivity was sponsored by the National Com-mittee and the Marion Committee. Libertad is honored to publish it in itsentirety because of its powerful and insightful message about the criminaljustice system.

Judge Bruce Wright is probably one of the most controversial members ofthe US judicial system. His nickname "Turn 'em loose Bruce" was given tohim when he released an accused police slasher on his own recognizance.Judge Wright is the author of Black Robes, White Justice

My fellow intellectuals, who thinkthat you think;

My fellow believers, who believethat you believe;

My fellow urban peasants, strug-gling to liberate us all; •

My fellow civilians, seeking anunderstandable esperanto to civilizeAmerica's jailkeepers;

My fellow visionaries, who professto see redemptive salvation throughunequal jousting with the establish-ment;

My fellow abolitionists of that neo-yet ancient slavery known as impris-onment;

My fellow convicts, sentenced tolife within your ideals;

My fellow stoics, brave enough anddefiant enough to speak common sense;

My fellow optimists who never-theless know that life is a terminal dis-ease;

My fellow cynics who know thatthings are never as bad as they seem,because they are worse;

My fellow idealists who probablythink that making love is more than themating of two sewer systems;

My fellow sufferers, bleeding in-ternally from the cruel blessings ofAmerica the beautiful;

My fellow victims of the persis-tence of memory, who know that a freepeople must free themselves;

My fellow parsers of syntax, con-fronted by riddles, paradoxes, enigmas,dilemmas, puzzles and runic contra-dictions;

My fellow melancholy philoso-phers, who must sometimes feel likejoining a bitter choir and intoning that"***this world is all a-leak, and life-boats there are none;"

My fellow patients of malignanthypertension, who often forget that wecannot avoid our endings, without firstavoiding our beginnings;

My fellow explorers, trying des-perately to find a sense of directionalong that one-way and dead-end roadto Samara;

My fellow warriors who mustsometimes feel baffled and vexed and abit like the people who would commitsuicide, except for their fear of what theneighbors might say;

My fellow insomniacs, who knowbetter than T.S. Elliot all about thosemenacing shapes that trouble one's mid-night slumber and noon-day repose;

My fellow critics, who know thatAmerica has flunked our most criticalexaminations;

My fellow members of an endan-gered species, whose work needs thelongevity of a Methuselah;

My fellow critics, who know thatthe American criminal justice system

(See next page)

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LIBERTAD—1990-The Decade to End Colonialism and Free Political Prisoners

has committed many crimes againsthumanity;

My fellow dreamers who think thatsomething can still be done about heal-ing the sores of America's body politic;

My fellow tenuous survivors ofpolice eavesdropping and wiretapping;

My fellow fire prevention expertswho know full well how America's racistarsonists have sought to burn the Bill ofRights;

My fellow profits who know betterthan B'nai B'rith, and more than theAsian immigrants; and more than darkHispanics, why the poor need an anti-defamation league;

My fellow dare devils, challengingthe country's racist cliches;

My fellow civilian combat veter-ans who have learned that, all too often,people of power have no goodwill andpeople of goodwill have no power;

My fellow Africa n America ns, sen-tenced to life on the black list that isyour birth certificate;

My fellow sperm of conservativemothers and fathers, dedicated to dis-covering new meanings for old here-sies;

My fellow orphans of democracy,anxious to believe that our ideals willone day prevail;

My fellow descendants of kidnap-ped Africans, branded by your indel-ible birth-marks, tolerating the afro-saxons who have made Jack and Jillpass for colored in their bourgeois teen-age clubs;

I salute you for taking the timeto come here and listen to what youalready know and believe, and forcontinuing a struggle that is a re-play of David versus Goliath;

These are strange and Alice-in-Wonderland-times in which welive;

It is a time when many Blacksand Whites have no conceptof black

history or the truth about the prisonsystem that has captured so manyof us;

At a time when New York Cityhas an opportunity to elect a Blackmayor and a million blacks will notvote;

At a time when we have beenmiraculous survivors and we try tokeep from thinking that the onlything in life that is worthless, is lifeitself;

At a time when poverty andhomelessness are the human litterof our streets, all in the midst ofplenty;

At a time when we rememberthat Nixon said there must be pun-ishment without pity, but not for

And at a time when our politicalgods are planning to build more andmore prisons, rather than shelter forthe homeless, let us pause for a momentto consider whether or not we haveavailable to us some underground rail-road for our escape from tyranny andoppression.

him;At a time when Ronald Reagan

saying he was for civil rights madeas much sense as the captain of theTitanic telling his doomed passen-gers that the Titanic was stoppingto take on ice.

At a time when Dr. JeanneKirkpa trick, while she was Reagan'sAmbassador to the U.N., was dis-covered in a secret rendezvous withsome South African military offi-cers, and felt it necessary to exclaimthat a racial dictatorship is not asbad as a communist one.

At a time when America is en-gaged in its usual crusade to dis-cover a great white hope to defeatMike Tyson.

At a time when the Oliver Gold-smith dictum of his Deserted Vil-lage remains true that, "111 fares theland, to hastening ills a-prey, whilewealth accumulates and men de-cay;"

At a time when society can de-vote millions to the rehabilitationof jails and not one cent for the reha-bilitation of mankind;

At a time when we can remem-ber how light skinned Cubans werewelcomed to Florida, if they saidthe magic pass words that they hatedCastro;

At a time~ when Black Hai-

tians were tossedback into the sealike tainted fish;

At a timewhen we hear theAnthropologistssay that Africa isthe seed-bed ofhuman civiliza-tion and the be-

":: : ginning ofmankind's his-

tory, and the United States reservesfor black history the shortest monthof the year;

At a time when white studiestell us that Columbus "discovered"America and we know that it wasstolen from the Indians in the great-est example of geographic grandlarceny the world has ever seen,with the possible exception of thelooting of Africa by the Europeans;

At a time when I remember aBlack survivor of the massacre atAttica weeping over the midnightairwaves a terrible question in

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November/December 1989

which, he asked, "How the hell wegonna be rehabilitated, when weain't never been habilitated in thefirst place?"

At a time when Walter Ben ton'spoem of love, entitled This is myBeloved starts with the concussivewords that, "Hate is legislated, shotinto the veins like a vaccine;"

And at a time when our politi-cal gods are planning to build moreand more prisons, rather than shel-ter for the homeless, let us pause fora moment to consider whether ornot we have available to us someunderground railroad for our es-cape from tyranny and oppression.

Ronald Reagan has managed tocreate an atmosphere that says thatracism and more prisons are thepop-art of the times. His scope andrange included Jews as well asBlacks. Who can forget how heignored the tearful plea of ElieWeisel that we call off his visit to anazi military cemetery in Bitburg,Germany?

Reagan went anyway, manag-ing to insult Jews around the world.When he was finally convinced thatthe trip was wrong, he decided totake to TV and apologize. ImitatingPresident Kennedy's enthusiasmfor the Berliners during the air-liftover the Russian blockade, Ken-nedy said "Ich Bin Eine Berliner!"

Reagan said "I am a Jew, I am aprisoner of the Gulag; I am the boatpeople off the coast of Viet Nam...!"

He did not say he was Black,did he?

He did not say he was Mandelain a South African prison.

He did not say he was a Haitianin a leaky boat off the coast of Flor-ida.

The Reagan years served to re-duce the Civil Rights Movement to

dim skywriting on a windy mid-night.

Surely, none of us can pleadsurprise that racism and anti-semi-tism find much of their inspirationin the White House.

Racism, with its disproportion-ate sentences imposed upon Blacks,has caused many of our maximumsecurity prisons to bulge with Blackflesh.

Recent headlines tell us aboutrebellions in prisons, about fires setin some and about hostages held inothers, in order to get the attentionof those in power.

In the 1770's, Edmund Burkepointed out that: People crushed bylaw have no hopes but from power.If laws are their enemies, they willbe enemies to laws; and those, whohave much to hope and nothing tolose, will always be dangerous,more or less.

And yet, we build more andmore prisons. We have ignored thewisdom of the ancient poets for, inthe words of William Blake, welearned that Prisons are built withstones of law, brothels with bricksof religion.

But, as with the hero of TheDevil's Walk, the country's jailerscan pass a solitary cell, while think-ing of ways to improve the prisonsof hell.

There are many things I wouldlike to chat with you about, butthere is no time, especially at mygeriatric and burned-out time oflife. But the subject of prisons hasgnawed at the American consciencefor years. When society decides toignore its poor and wretched ofsociety, it immediately thinks ofsecret warehouses, always somedistance from the central citieswhere captives are caught.

Why is it that the prison popu-lation across this land is now so dis-proportionately Black? It is, ofcourse, that article of blind faithknown as racism that is a principaloffender.

National traitors, such as Rich-ard Nixon and his oval room gang,can betray a national trust and whathappens to them? Are they sent toMarion or any other maximum se-curity fortress? Of course not.Nixon, of course, is pardoned andnow enjoys a pension with your taxfunds.

The treacherous criminals ofWatergate, are packed gently off tominimum security, Holiday Inn-type country club prisons. There,they wrote books, played sports,swam and, sometimes, were bornagain. They are now out makingprofitable speeches, selling theirbooks and piling up conservativeright-wing cash.

Little wonder that ghetto wis-dom says that the Black man whosmiles has not yet been told thetruth.

Pablo Neruda, shortly after re-ceiving the Nobel Prize in Litera-ture, gave a speech before theP.E.N.Club. He said that the Blacks arethe luckless race. He could havesaid as easily that women are theluckless sex.

For some years now, I have beenpreoccupied with justice and theencroachments of racism. LennyBruce, the late comedian was moregenerous than I. He felt that therewas no justice. Convicted in theseventies of obscenity (whateverthat is), he uttered his epitaph bysaying bitterly that, "In the halls ofjustice, justice is in the halls."

Let us see for a moment how(See next page)

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LIBERTAD—1990-The Decade to End Colonialism and Free Political Prisoners

much racism helps to fill out pris-ons.

In 1989 this year, students at theUniversity of Wisconsin had theirpledgees painted Black and thenordered them to conduct a slaveauction. Those students will oneday be among the country's gover-nors, senators, judges and districtattorneys—unless they are earlierconvicted of corruption.

From the criminal beginningsof America, race has played a net-tlesome role in its developing his-tory. We must never forget thatwhen England's harbors wereclogged with prison ships andcommerce of the sea was being inter-fered with, those prison ships weresummarily ordered to the UnitedStates, Australia and New Zealand.These were the original red necks,the lynchers, the slaver drivers, thesettlers.

So much for the first families ofVirginia, the same Virginia that hadthe chutzpah to place on its licenseplates that Virginia is for lovers.But some of us remember the caseof Loving v. Virginia, where a whiteman and his black wife were con-victed for miscegenation.

But life has generally been un-comfortable for the poor Blacks inthis country. In the first place, kid-napped and in chains, they came tothis country unlike any other strang-ers and aliens in the land. At onetime, Africans were the only immi-grants to America who could neverreceive a letter or a package fromhome. They came here withouttickets of passage, wi thou t visas andwithout passports. It would notsurprise me if, one day, an effort ismounted to deport us all as descen-dants of illegal foreigners.

Wretched of the earth, we have

been called, not to mention suchother cruel adjectives as nigger,darky, coon and shine and, in 1857,chief justice Roger Brooke Taneycertified our inglorious status inthe Dread Scott Decision. As thoughit was not bad enough that we weremeasured at but three-fifths of aperson, Taney uttered the article offaith of white America that no ne-gro had any rights that a white manwas bound to respect. He addedfor good measure, that we werenever intended to be citizens.

Chief Justice Taney was an in-teresting man. He was a kind of mi-nority himself, since he was aRoman Catholic in a Protestantsociety. His belief in his god, how-ever, did not stop him from being aslaveowner. Althoughmarriedandclaiming to be a devoted husband,his last will and testament askedthat he be buried above his mother.

In my neighborhood, we have aword for a man who wants to be ontop of his mother.

It was that kind of national cer-tification of racism that shapedpolicy for this country. The spin-off is latter day schizophrenia basedupon skin color.

Now, I have often been chas-tised for speaking about racism. Inone of my many appearances be-fore the state commission on judi-cial conduct, I was asked if I thoughtit proper for a judge to make accu-sations of racism. My answer, ofcourse, is that it would be impropernot to mention it. Freedom of speechdoes not stop at the courthousedoor. Neither does discrimination.

One day as I sat in court, a whitejudge named George Carney, hadbefore him a white defendant to besentenced. Asked by the man'scounsel that his client be placed on

probation, the lawyer added, "yourhonor, he can be rehabilitated."

The judge appeared to be angryas he looked at the pre-sentence re-port. He then exclaimed three timesin rapid succession, "How's hegoing to be rehabilitated when he'sliving with a colored woman?" Bythe time of his first mention, I ap-proached the bench, advertisingthat I was a member of the bar andan officer of the court. I asked if Imight be heard on the question ofliving with what his honor called a"colored woman". I said I was notcertain, but I believed that I mighthave a bit more experience than hishonor. Perhaps, I said, I might beable to offer the court some sur-vival techniques.

After all, that morning, I hadleft home in a state of domestic per-estroika and glasnost and had evenhad a kiss of sorts. I believed I owedit to the honor of our women tooffer a defense to the judge's slan-der.

Of course, I was quickly sur-rounded by at least six white courtofficers, all armed with 38's. Thisdid a great deal to temper my he-roic zeal. The judge then did whatall smart judges do in a crisis. Hecalled a recess and disappeared intohis robing room.

I sought to have him removedfrom the bench, never dreaming atthat time that the police wouldmount a long-lasting fight to drumme off the bench and have me un-frocked.

Was Judge Carney just a lone,unusual racist, an isolated aberra-tion? What does it matter? Awonderful opportunity was pre-sented for the Harlem LawyersAssociation to justify its existence.Instead, its members refused tosign

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November/December 1989

a petition asking removal of thejudge, even though everyone ofthem was then living with what theJudge had called a "coloredwoman", either his wife or some-one else's.

A bit later, I was hailed beforethe commission for saying that itappeared that white police officershad a license to shootand kill blackswith impunity.

Let's see how true that is. Onthe eve of the international year ofthe child, Clifford Glover was askinny, ten year-old boy. ThomasShea was a white police officer. He'sstill white, as a matter of fact. Heshot and killed the Glover child,and in his defense, he said hethought that little boy was an adultrobbery suspect.

Asked if he could not tell thedifference between a fully grownadult and a little child, especially ata distance of but three feet, Shea,who was under oath, replied: "All Isaw was the color of his skin." Hewas acquitted.

We are indeed an endangeredspecies for wearing black skin inpublic.

Shortly thereafter, a white offi-cer named Robert Torsney, walkedup to Randy Evans, who was sim-ply standing outside the buildingwhere he lived. He unholstered hisweapon, placed it to Randy's headand blew his brains out.

He then walked slowly to hissquad car, re-holstered his gun andsat down. Randy was barely at theage of puberty and its incrediblejoys.

Torsney's defense was that asudden attack by a rare form of epi-lepsy made him do it. No doctorcould find a trace of that affliction.Nevertheless, the all-white jury ac-

quitted Torsney, thus malpracticingmedicine without a license. Oh yes,we are indeed an endangered spe-cies.

Another white judge told ablack defendant he would not knowthe difference between a good law-yer and a watermelon.

Another Judge, accused a blackdefendant of having an accompliceand added, "I know there's anothernigger in the woodpile".

We are an endangered speciesand we need to be reminded of howfar we must go to help civilize whiteAmerica.

Addressing racism in this star-spangled land, where, as we aretold, God has shed his grace fromsea to shining sea, is a painful sub-ject for me. It is rather like perform-ing exploratory surgery upon my-self with a dull scalpel and withoutthe benefit of anesthesia.

Stated another way, it is likebeing the waiter at a banquet ofwhite cannibals, where my headupon a platter is the entree and I amcondemned to do the carving as thecannibals scream for seconds.

If s a dirty job, but somebody'sgot to do it. If the job is not done, Iam afraid that American Blacks willsink into a false-faced anesthetizedcondition, where they are compla-cent, smug, self-satisfied and per-haps even happy.

So many of us have becomesmiling af ro-saxons, completely as-similated and deluded into feelingcomfortable, in short, many of ushave simply settled for being theBlack bourgeoisie, deferential; plas-tic spooks sitting by the door.

Thomas Jefferson, theslaveowner who had a Black mis-tress in Sally Hemmings, was acounterfeit libertarian. And yet, he

could say that "the tree of libertymust be refreshed from time to timewith the blood of patriots and ty-rants." That blood, he said, isliberty's natural manure. If we saidthat, the FBI would confiscate usall.

We need to remember thesethings as our young are shot downand killed or placed in durance vilein some distant fortress known as amaximum security lockdown.

We cannot afford to be nice andrespectable. We are caught up in adaily struggle for dignified survival.And yet, respectability can be seenall around us. Peter DeVries, awhite writer, has been peeking atus and has no w wri tten a book calledMrs. Wallop. There, he devotessome comment to us, and especiallythe Black aristocracy.

He writes that he has been muchsurprised by the wealth of Blacks.He said that some Black familieshave two or three cars and some notonly own town houses, but subur-ban places as well and spend entiresummers at some exclusive sea sideresort. But his greatest astonish-ment, he said was over the fact thatsome Blacks even have yachts. Thenext book about the gentrificationof the American Negro, he con-cluded, will have to be entitledUncle Tom's Cabin Cruiser.

Racism is sneaky, too. I willnever forget when ThurgoodMarshall went on the federal benchand the leadership of the NAACPlegal defense fund was transferredtoJackGreenberg. I was so angry atthis implicit slander of Black law-yers, that I resigned from my lifemembership. Ours then becamethe only intellectual revolution ledby one other than ourselves. I said

f(See next page)

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LIBERTAD—1990-The Decade to End Colonialism and Free Political Prisoners

at the time that when the RomanCatholic archdiocese is ready to becounseled by an atheist; and whenthe Italian-American civil rightsgroup is ready to be headed by anEthiopian; and B'nai B'rith and itsanti-defamation league are readyto be led by Yasser Arafat, we willbe ready for Jack Greenberg to beour fearless leader.

I still believe that a free peoplemust free themselves. Of course,we need allies, but we must do theleading.

And naturally, weshould knowsomething about that distant landthat gave birth to our ancestors.There is no harm in studying an-cient glories. But, with all of that,we are still Americans. It is in thiscountry that we must engage ourfate, our destiny, or our doom.

We can gaze upon the Atlanticwith painful nostalgia about a placewe have never been. We can thinkabout the ten million African skele-tons that rest upon the bottom ofthe middle passage and weep forthose we never knew. But, we areAmericans, with no place to flee.

Every summer, this is italicizedfor me, as I see white friends whocan pack up and dash off to Europeto visit ancestral villages and evenrelatives.

How many of us do you know,who can pack up and dash off toAfrica to visit the old tribe and an-cestral village? And if we dared,what country would we choose tosolve the riddleof our ancient blood-lines, now so mixed, diluted andmiscegenated.

We remain perhaps the onlyimmigrant children who do notspeak the native tongue of a coun-try of origin.

Now, what shall we do about

the malady, the plague, the viru-lence of racism? If we do not dosomething, it will continue to be aneanderthal monster devouring ouryoung and our old. We do knowthat the situation of this time sur-rounds us like a baffling crime.

White society, unable to find aboxer as a white hope, has nowraised a national outcry for the deathpenalty. I dare say there may besome of you here today, who havebeen victims of crime and yourblood lust allows you to long for adeath penalty. For those of youwho may support the death pen-alty, don't forget that it is a penaltythat is disproportionately imposedupon the poor. And who are thepoor - why the Blacks, of course.The wealthy whites and womenmanage somehow to avoid thedeath penalty.

How many of us remember thecase of poor and Black WillieFrancis? Willie was the youngestperson ever condemned to die inLouisiana's electric chair, the civilservants who do such thingsstrapped Willie in and applied thedeath-giving devices in all of thestrategic places.

The executioner then pulled theswitch. The chair virtually dancedon the floor, as Willie's bod y pushedagainst the straps and his eyes andlips bulged out as the current surgedinto his body. The sheriff, seeingthe Willie was still alive and hear-ing a little child's voice saying,"Stop! Stop! I can't breathe," yelledto the executioner, "Give him somemore juice." The executioner yelledback, "I'm giving him all I've got!"

The chair had malfunctionedand Willie's body had only beenseared by the electricity. He wascarried off to the death house infir-

mary, there to be repaired while thechair was being repaired.

Two white lawyers came tocourt waving the eighth amend-ment to the constitution, saying thatcruel and unusual punishment shallnot be inflicted. To place him in thechair again, they argued, wouldviolate the constitution and liter-ally be double jeopardy.

The case went all the way to theUnited States Supreme Court. Amajority said, in effect, Willie wascondemned to die. He did not die.Put him back.

This time, the executioner said,"I've got you now. Good-bye Wil-lie." And he pulled the switch. Thistime the chair worked perfectly.

A Temple University law pro-fessor is now writing a book aboutthe Willie Francis case and has con-cluded that Willie never killedanyone and that the murderedwhite man was killed by his ownbrother.

Is that case too old for you?Well, don't forget the infamousGoetz case in New York, whereGoetz was asked for $5.00 by fourBlack youths. Goetz said he was infear of being mugged, so he pulledout an illegal weapon and shot thefour boys, paralyzing one for life.

He was acquitted of the shoot-ing but convicted of the misde-meanor possession of a weapon.His brief imprisonment over, henow walks the streets of the city.

Can you imagine the fate of aBlack man shooting four whiteyouths and saying by way of hisdefense that he was in fear?

We are indeed an endangeredspecies.

I am anxious that the judgingbusiness should honor the canonsof fairness and I am painfully con-

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November/December 1989

cerned that our courtrooms shouldnot be presided over by bigots inBlack robes.

Most of our judges are white,middle class, socially distant fromthose they judge and aloof from theordeal of Black existence. They canbelieve a Black is guilty simply be-cause he walks with what psycholo-gists call compensatory arrogance.The judges have enjoyed theirwhiteness and prospered with itfrom the day they were born; andthey have treasured the privilegesthat a white skin enjoys.

They are the daily perpetuatorsand beneficiaries of deadly mythsthat give rural red necks so manyjobs as prison guards. Let us lookfor a moment at one of those mythsand see if it still haunts us like avicious and predatory ghost.

During the 1930's, at the heightof lynchings of Blacks in America, aresolution was introduced at a na-tional police convention. Itresolvedthat the police should abandon their32 caliber weapons and adopt the38 caliber one. Someone asked why.The answer was that the 32 caliberbullet would not penetrate a Blackman's skin. The reason being, thespeaker said, that all Negroes areaddicted to cocaine and cocaine notonly makes the Black man's skinimpervious to a 32 caliber pellet,but improves the Black man'smarksmanship and makes him rapeall white women.

Where, somebody asked,do the poor Negroes get the moneyto buy cocaine, one of the more ex-pensive narcotics. There was aready answer. A spokesman saidthat the favorite refreshment of theNegro underclass was Coca-Cola.In those days, Coca-Cola did in factcontain a modicum of cocaine. It

was really the real thing one mightsay.

You will notice that the officialweaponry for police departmentsacross this land, is the 38.

We are indeed an endangeredspecies. And by virtue or vice ofsuch deadly myths do we perish.

Now, what do we do aboutjudges, police and district attorneyswho live by the myths that slay us?

We know that judges and pub-lic officials seldom, if ever, admitthat they are racists. At a judges'conference once, a judge deploredmy harping on racism and said,"Just a minute, Bruce you're hungup on the question of race. Wenever see the color of a defendantwhen he stands before the bench.And then by way of illustratingwhite blindness, he said, "Just theother day, I had a little colored kidbefore me..." And his voice trailedoff, along with his reason.

It is obvious that we have a jobto do in civilizing white America.Lef s not give up. If they can learnhow to dance from us, there is hope.I have noticed, also, that more andmore whites are becoming healthfood fanatics and have discoveredthe fiber that is supplied by collardgreens. So, there is hope.

I have urged for years, and beenridiculed in the process, that thejudges, the police and the districtattorneys across this land, shouldbe compelled to prove that theyhave taken and passed courses inBlack history and sociological juris-prudence before being eligible tobe nominated as candidates for theirjobs.

Once they have passed such anexamination, then theymust be psy-choanalyzed in depth, to determinewhether or not they retain vestiges

of a racist impulse. Only after theyhave cleared those hurdles, wouldthey become eligible to be appointedor elected to their positions.

Black judges, I believe, shouldtake the same examination. Unfor-tunately, there are some Blackjudges who turn emotionally whitethe moment they put on the blackrobe.

In the meanwhile, we shouldnever forget the insight of Lang-ston Hughes who once said thatwhite people have been so cruel toeach other that it is ridiculous toexpect them to be nice to us. Thereare exceptions, of course, and weshould recruit them for our side.

As I have noted, we have madesome strides, despite the strongstrain of retardation among whitesand their inability to learn that weare citizens and that we are here tostay.

I may be too optimistic. Afterall, The New York Times revealedyesterday that a white member ofthe city council in Houston, wasupset about re-naming its airportafter the late congressman MickeyLeland, who died in a plane crashin Africa. The dissident council-man, one Westmoreland, suggestedthat the airport be named the "TheNigger International Airport," soas to please all Blacks.

Racism, then, is not only toomuch with us, but is as recent asthis moment.

That we can convene here to-day to think about ways to waterthe roots of equality with our analy-sis and thought, as opposed to tearsor blood, is a tribute to our regardfor the bill of rights, in this, the200th year of its existence. It ishopeful, also and suggests that

(See next page)

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LIBERTAD—1990-The Decade to End Colonialism and Free Political Prisoners

Blacks have more allies than I imag-ined. I hope I live long enough towitness Blacks and Puerto Ricansworking together and rapproche-ment between Jews and Blacks. Allof us are members of an endan-gered species.

Let us never abandon our civi-lizing missionary work amongwhite Americans, in an effort toteach the racists to be better be-haved and more humane. Weshould never abandon the struggle.

It was the conduct of the Re-agan Administrations' anti-civilrights mania that set the stage forthe impeachment of Judge AlceeHastings. And then, for us to wit-ness the conduct of Black congress-man John Conyers as an instrumentof the impeachmentprocess, showsthat we may have some prominentspies in our midst with what theyregard as protective coloration.

It is encouraging to note thatMayor Coleman Young of Detroit,after defeating Conyers, said thatwhen the Conyers term expires, hewill never see the inside of Con-gress again, unless he does so as atourist.

While I am not a pacifist andbelieve with Malcolm X in the useof all force necessary, I remain akind of fan of Mahatma Gandhi,who helped liberate India from thecolonialist yoke of British imperial-ism. He knew a few things aboutcivilizing the oppressor. He knewthey were quasi-civilized when theyvacated India.

When his heroic struggle suc-ceeded, Gandhi became Guru tothe world. Scholars, professors, sci-entists, poets and even clergymencame from around the planet to sitat Gandhi's feet and absorb his wis-dom.

One day, a young poet lookedup at the great man and said, "Mr.Gandhi, what do you think of West-ern Civilization?"

Gandhi seemed puzzled for amoment, and then he replied, "Youknow, that's not a bad idea. Whydoesn't somebody work on it?"

We are here to work on it, andin the process teach our afro-saxongenetic brothers and sisters that theydon't have it made and that thetough job of civilizing Americamustcontinue.

Those university of Wisconsinstudents who conducted that slaveauction this year, will soon begraduated and, sooner or later, theywill be judges, lawyers, district at-torneys and police people.

The need for struggle is end-less, for slavery is never far fromwhite minds.

A white lawyer once came upto me, interrupting a conversation Iwas having with a professor. Heplaced a hand on my arm in a con-fidential fashion and, looking mestraight in the eye, said, "If we everhave slavery again in this country,I'd like to own you." I will not tellyou what I said to him in this re-spectable gathering.

Little wonder that G. K. Ch-esterton could say that there is noth-ing wrong with white Americans,except their ideals.

Little Wonder that Dennis Bro-gan, a British sociologist could com-ment that America is an air condi-tioned nightmare.

Little wonder that George Ber-nard Shaw could say that Americawas the only country in the worldto suffer a decline and fall in its civi-lization, without first becoming civi-lized.

As you can see, civilizing willnot be easy. Still, we cannot giveup. We have no place to go. Wecannot flee to Africa. With apolo-gies to the Indians, this is as muchour country as that of anyone else,so we have to stick with it, unlessyou believe Alex Haley and thinkyou can locate the tribe of yourancestors, its village and post officeaddress.

So, the struggle continues. Toabandon it means that you will beabandoning a corrupt and racistsociety, exposing your children tothe kinds of damaging psychologi-cal experiences that flows from ra-cism.

If you do not fight the goodfight for yourselves, then, at least,do it for the children, if you and I donot at least do that, listen to what aHarlem poet says may happen toour children:

Malicious mountains may swallow them allAs they harken to some evil pied piper's call;And then, their world will turn to hard stoneAnd we will bite hunger with a bitter bone;Their Sesame Streets will be snatched away,Captain Kangaroo will mold into decay;London Bridge will be ashes in a pile;Madeline will resist the surgeon's guile;Humpty-Dumpty will lie scrambled in his fall,Cinderella will never make it to the ball;Mother Hubbard will wear medusa's reptile wigs;The Three Bears will become dragon pigs;RedRiding Hood will rape the wolf in grandmother'sbed;A partridge will devour trees and all the pears;The house that Jack built will have tigers on itsstairs—and Christmas? Christmas will be Simple Simonpissing on your head.

And so, as we work on civiliza-tion, let us never falter and let usbecome missionaries, not only tocivilize white America, but to teachour millions to vote.

As you work on it, beware ofthe Darth Vaders along the wayand may the force be with you.

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Noviembre/Diciembre de 1989

Suplemento Especial

GOLPES YSOLLOZOS

El siguiente discurso fue pronunciado par el legendario Juez BruceWright en ocasion del sexto aniversario del encerramiento en la Penintenci-aria de Marion, efectuado en la Universidad de DePaul. El actofue auspiciadoporel Comite National Pro-Libertad Prisioneros de Guerra Puertorri-quenos y el Committee to End the Marion Lockdown. Libertad se honraen publicarlo ensu totalidad debido a su mensaje poderoso e impactante sobreel sistema de justicia criminal.

El juez Bruce Wright es probablemente uno de los miembros mascontroversiales del sistema judicial de los EU. Su apodo "Turn 'em looseBruce" ("Sueltalos Bruce") le fue dado cuando excarcelo a un supuestoasesino de polidas. Eljuez Wright es el autor del libra Black Robes, WhiteJustice. (Togas Negras, Justicia Blanca.)

Mis colcgasintelectuales,que creenestar pensando;

Mis colegas creyentes, que creencreer;

Mis colegas campesinos urbanos,luchando para libcrarnos a todos;

Mis colegas civiles en busqueda deun 'Esperanto' cntendible para civil-izar a los carceleros de America;

Mis colegas visioneros, que profe-san ver salvacion redcntora a traves de

contiendas desiguales con el sistema;Mis colegas abolicionistas de esa

nueva-aunque antigua esclavitud cono-cida como el encarcelamiento;

Mis colegas convictos, senten-ciados a vida dentro de sus ideales;

Mis colegas estoicos lo suficiente-mente bravos y desafiantes para ha-blar con sentido comun;

Mis colegas optimistas, quienes noobstante saben que la vida es una en-

fermedad terminal;Mis colegas cmicos que saben que

las cosas nunca son tan malas comoaparentan, pues son peor;

Mis colegas idealistas que proba-blemente piensan que hacer el amor esmas que la union de dos sistemas dealcantarillas;

Mis colegas sufridores, sangrandointernamente de las bendiciones cru-eles de 'America la bella';

Mis colegas victimas de la persis-tencia de la memoria, quienes sabenque un pueblo libre tiene que emanti-parse a si mismo;

Mis colegas analistasde la sin taxis,confrontados por adivina'nzas, para-dojas, enigmas, dilemas,rompecabezasy contradicciones runicas;

Mis colegas filosofosmelancolicos,quienes a veces se sentiran tentados aunirse a un coro amargo y entonar que"todo este mundo es una gotera y nohay barcos de emergencias";

Mis colegas pacientes de hiperten-sion maligna, quienes frecuentementeolvidan que no podemos evitarnuestros fines, sin antesevi tar nuestroscomienzos;

Mis colegas exploradores, tratandodesesperadamentedeencontrarun sen-tido de direccion dentro de ese caminosin salida hacia Samara;

Mis colegas guerreros que a vecesse sentiran abatidos y un poco como laspersonas que se suicidarian, a no serpor su temor al que diran de sus vecinos;

Mis colegas desvelados, quienessaben mejor que T. S. Elliott todo lo re-lacionado a esos cuerpos amenazantesque perturban nuestras siestas noctur-nas y del mediodia;

Mis colegas criticos, que saben queAmerica ha reprobado los examenes

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LIBERTAD—Una Decada para ponerle fin al Colonialismo y Liberar a los Presos Politicos

m5s esencialcs;Mis colegas miembros de una raza

en vfas de extincion, cuyo trabajo nece-sita la longevidad de Methuselah;

Mis colegas criticos, quienes sabenque el sistema de justicia criminalamericano ha cometido muchoscrimenes contra la humanidad;

Mis colegas sonadores que pien-san que aun se puede hacer algo parasanar las heridas del cucrpo politicoamericano;

Mis colegas sobrevivientes tenuesde la vigilancia policiaca e interccp-taci6n electronica;

Mis colegas expertos en materiade prevention de fuegos, quienes sa-ben muy bien que los incendiadoresracistas de america han intentadoquemar la 'Carta de Derechos';

Mis colegas profetas que sabenmejor que B'nai B'rith, y mas que losemigrantes asiaticos; y mas que loshispanos de tez oscura, por que lospobres necesitan una "Liga Anti-Difamacion";

Mis colegas temorarios que de-safi'an los cliches racistas de este pais;

Mis colegas veteranos civiles decombate quienes han aprendido quemuy a menudo, la gente de poder notienen buena voluntad, y aquellos queticnen buena voluntad no tienen poder;

Mis colegas afro-americanos, sen-tenciados de por vida en la lista negraque es su ccrtificado de nacimionto;

Mis espermas de padres y madresconservadores, dcdicados a descubrirnuevos significados de viejas herejfas;

Mis colegas huerfanos do la de-mocracia, ansiosos en creer quenuestro.s ideales han de prevaleccralgun dia;

Mis colegas dccendientes de afri-canos sccucstrados, marcados por suslunares indelebles, tolerando los afro-sajones que han hecho a Juan y Juana

18

del pueblo pasar por negros en susclubes burgueses para adolescentes;

Los saludo por tomar de su tiempopara venir a eschuchar lo que ya cono-cen y creen, y por continuar una luchaque es una repetition de David vs.Goliath;

Estos tiempos en que vivimos sonextranos y como los de 'Alicia en el paisde las maravillas';

Es un tiempo en el cual muchosnegros y blancos no tienen un conceptode la historia de los negros, o de laverdad en torno al sistema penal queha capturado a muchos de nosotros;

En un tiempo cuando la Ciudad deNueva York tiene la oportunidad deelegir un alcalde negro y un millon denegros no votaran;

En un tiempo cuando hemos sidosobrevivientes milagrosos y tratamos

,de no pensar que la unica cosa en lavida sin valor, es la vida misma;

En un tiempo cuando la pobreza yla escasez de vivienda son los desper-dicios humanos de nuestras calles, aunen medio de la opulencia;

En un tiempo cuando recordamosque Nixon dijo que deberia habercastigo sin pena, pero no para el;

En un tiempo cuando RonaldReagan planteara que esta a favor delos derechos civiles, tiene tanto sentidocomo si el capitan de El Titanic le dijeraa sus pasajeros destinados a muerteque su barco estaba deteniendo paraconscguir hielo;

En un tiempo cuando, la Dra.Jeanne Kirkpatrick, fungiendo comoembajadora a las Naciones Unicas bajoel gobierno de Reagan, al ser descubi-erta en una reunion secreta con unoficial militar Sur Africano, y se vieraen la necesidad de plantear que unadictadura racial no es tan mala comouna comunista;

En un tiempo cuando America esta

comprometida con su usual cruzadapara descubrir la 'gran esperanzablanca' para derrotar a Mike Tyson;

En un tiempo cuando la sociedaddestina millones para la rehabilitationde las carceles pero ni un solo centavopara la rehabilitation de la humanidad;

En un tiempo cuando podemosrecordar que los cubanos de tez claraeran bienvenidos a Florida, si decian lapalabras magicas de que odiaban aCastro;

En un tiempo cuando los haitianosnegros eran arrojados al mar como sifueran peces contaminados;

En un tiempo cuando estudioshechos por blancos nos dicen que Colon'descubrio' a America y todos sabemosque les fue usurpada a los Indies, en elejemplo mas grande de robo de terrenoque el mundo ha atestiguado, con laexception quizas, del robo de Africaperpetrado por los europeos;

En un tiempo cuando recordamoslas palabras, de un sobreviviente negrode la masacre en Attica llorando sobrelas ondas de aire de medianoche yhaciendo la terrible pregunta de: ̂ comodemonios nos vamos a rehabilitar, sien primer lugar, nunca hemos sidohabilitados?;

En un tiempo cuando el poema deamor de Walter Ben ton titulado Esta esmi amada comienza con las palabrasperturbadoras de el odio es legislado, einyectado a las venas como una vacuna;

En un tiempo cuando nuestrosdiosespoliticosestanplanificandocon-struir mas y mas prisiones, en lugar deproveer albergues para los que bestansin hogar, pausemos por un momentopara considerar si tenemos disponiblealgun medio de transportation clan-destine para escapar de la tirania y laopresion.

Ronald Reagan logro crear unaatmosfera que nos plantea que el ra-

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Noviembre/Diciembre de 1989

cismo y mas prisiones son el arte

moderno de estos tiempos. Su vision yalcance incluia a Judios y negros. ^Aquien se le olvidara como ignoro losruegos llorosos de Elie Weisel de quesuspendiera su visita a un cementeriomilitar nazi en Bitburg, Alemania?

Reagan fue de todas formas, lo-grando insultar todos a los Judios atravezdelmundo. Cuando finalmentese convencio de que su viaje fue unerror, decidio usar la TV para discul-parse. Imitando al entusiasmo por los

Berlinenses del presidente Kennedydurante el cese del bloqueo sovietico,Reagan dip "Ich Bin Fine Berliner!"

Reagan dijo Yo soy un judfo, soyun prisionero del gulag; soy la gente delos barquitos en la costa de Viet Nam!

iNo dijo que era negro, verdad?No dijo que era Mandela en una

prision Sur Africana.No dijo que era un haitiano en una

barco gotereando en la costa de Flor-ida.

Los anos de Reagan sirvieroh parareducir el movimien.to de derechos civ-

ilcs a letras opacas en el aire en unamedianoche llena de viento.

Seguramen to, ninguno de nosotrosnos podemos sorprender ante el hechode que el racismo y el anti-Semitismohallo gran parte de su inspiration en laCasa Blanca.

El racismo, con sus condenas de-siguales impuestas contra los negros,

ha hecho que muchas de nuestras pr-isiones de maxima seguridad estenrcpletas con gentes de piel negra.

Titulares recientcs nos cuentanacerca de rebeliones en la carceles,acerca de incendios provocados enalgunas, y rehencs tornados en otras,para poder captar la atencion de losque ostentan el poder.

En los 1770's, Edmund Burke serial-aba que la gente oprimida por la ley no

tienen esperanzas, que no scan las del

poder. Si las leyes son sus enemigos,ellos seran enemigos de las leyes; yaquellos que tienen mucho que desear

y nada que perder, siempre seran maso menos peligrosos.

Y sin embargo, construimos mas ymas prisiones. Hemos ignorado la sa-bidurfa de.los antiguos poetas ya que,en palabras de William Blake, hemosaprendido que las prisiones estcin con-struidas con piedras de ley, y los bur-deles con ladrillos de religion.

Pero, como le pasara al heroe deThe i^ s Walk, los carceleros delpafs pueden pasar por una celda del

Calabozo, mientras pensarian de queforma podrfan mejorar las prisionesdel infierno.

Hay muchas cosas de las cualesme gustan'a platicar con ustedes, peroexiste una limitacion de tiempo, espe-

cialmente en esta etapa geriatrica ydesgastadademivida. Peroeltemadelas prisiones ha remordido la concien-cia americana por anos. Cuando lasociedad decide ignorar a sus pobres ycondenados, inmediatamente piensa en

almacenes secretes, casi siempre a

alguna distancia de los centres de lasciudades donde mantienen a sus con-finados.

lA que se debe el hecho de que lapoblacion penal a traves de esta tierrasea tan desproporcionalmente negra?Es, por supuesto, debido a ese articulo

de fe ciega conocido como el racismoque es su principal ofensor.

Traidores nacionales, como Rich-

ard Nixon y su pandilla de la oficinaovalada, pueden traicionar la confi-anza nacional, ipero que les sucede?,;Son enviados a Marion o a cualquierotra unidad de maxima seguridad?Clara que no. Nixon, por supuesto, fueperdonado y hoy disfruta de una pen-sion de retiro con los impuestos que

ustedes pagan.

Los traicioneros criminates deWatergate fueron gentilmente envi-ados a prisiones de seguridad minima,

a clubes deportivos tipo Holiday Inn.Alii escribieron libros, practicarondeportes, nadaron, y, a veces, "volvi-eron a nacer". Ahora estan ofreciendoconferencias lucrativas, vendiendo suslibros y acumulando dinero de la dcre-

cha conservadora.No en balde es que la sabiduria del

gueto dice que al hombre negro quesonrie aun no se le ha dicho la verdad.

Pablo Neruda, al poco tiempoluego de recibir el Premio Nobel de lit-eratura, dio un discurso ante el P.E.N.club. El dijo que los negros son la razasin suerte. Pudo haber dicho con igualfacilidad, que las mujeres son el sexosin suerte

Desde hace unos anos, vengo pre-

ocupado con la justicia y las ramifica-ciones del racismo. El fenecido come-diante Lenny Bruce fue mas atrevidoque yo. El entendia que la justicia noexistia. Sentenciadoenladecadadelos

'70 por cargos de obscenidad (jqvricn

sabra que cosa es eso!) dijo amar-gamente que, en las salas de justicia, la

justicia esta en los pasillos.Veamos, por un momento, cuanto

contribuyeel racismo en llenarnuestrasprisiones.

En el 1989, este ano, algunos estu-diantes de la Universidad de Wiscon-

sin obligaron a los candidates paramembresia de sus respectivas frater-nidades a pintarse de negro para efec-tuar una subasta de esclavos con estos.Esosestudiantesalgundiaestaranentrc

los senadores, jueces y fiscales de dis-trito de este pai's—a menos que scansentenciados por corrupcion antes.

Desde los comienzos criminalcs

de America, la cuestion racial ha dc-sempenado un papel clave en su in-

19

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LIBERTAD—Una Decada yam ponerle fin al Colonialismo y Liberar a los Presos Politicos

cipionte historia. Nunca dobcmosolvidar quc cuando los muclles deInglaterra estaban congestionados conbuquos do prision, y se afectaba elcomercio maritimo, esos barcos eranenviados sumariamente a los EU,Australia y Nuova Zelandia. Estosfueron los originalcs blancoslinchadorcs, csclavistas y coloni-zadores.

Lo mismo puede decirse de lasprimeras familias de Virginia, el es-tado que ha tenido el descaro de poneren sus tablillas para automoviles que"Virginia es para amantes". Peroalgunos do nosotros rocordamos el casode Loving vs. Virginia, dondo unhombre bianco y su osposa negra fu-cron sentenciados por mezcla de razas.

Pero la vida ha sido generalmenteincomoda para los negros pobres eneste pafs. En primer lugar secuestra-dos y trafdos en cadenas, vinieron aeste pai's como ningun otro extrano yextranjero en la faz de la tierra. En unmomcnto dado, los africanos eran losunices cmigrantes dentro de los EUque no podian recibir correspondenciao un cnvio postal desde su hogar.Vinieron sin pasajes, visas o pasaportes.No me extranaria, si algun dia intentendeportarnos a todos masivamente porserdecendientesdeextranjerosilegales.

Nos han llamado los condcnadosde la tierra, por no mencionar otros ad-jerivos crueles como 'Nigger', 'Darky','Coon', y 'Shine'. Y, en el 1857, el juezsupremo Roger Brooke Taney certifiednuestro status inglorioso en la decisiondel Caso de Dread Scott. Como si fuerapoca cosa el hecho de que fuimos mc-didos a valer 3/5 partes de una per-sona, Taney senalo el articulo de fe enla America blanca de que ningun negroticne dcrechos que un hombre biancotenia que respetar. Anadio que nuncafuimos destinados a ser ciudadanos.

El juez supremo Taney era unhombre interesante. Era una especiede minoria tambien ya que era unCatolico Romano en una sociedadprotestante. Su creencia en dios, sinembargo, no le impedio ser un duenoesclavista. Aunque estuvo casado yreclamaba ser un esposo fiel, su ultimotestamento senalaba que queria serenterrado sobre la tumba de su madre.

En mi vecindario, tenemos unnombre para el hombre que quiere estarencima do su madre.

Ese fue el tipo de certificationnacional de racismo que fo:\M la leyen este pafs. Lo demas es una versionesquizofrenica tardia basada en el colorde la piel.

Ahora bien, he sido criticado fre-cuentemente por hablar sobre el ra-cismo. En una de mis tantas compare-cencias ante la Comision Estatal deConducta Judicial, se me pregunto sien tend ia que era correcto el que unjuez hiciora acusaciones de racismo.Mi contestation, desde luego, fue queseria impropio no hacerlo. La libertadde expresion no termina en la puertade entrada a un tribunal. Pero tam-poco el discrimen.

Un dia miontras estaba en un tri-bunal, un juez bianco llamado GeorgeCarney tenia ante si un acusado a puntode ser sentenciado. El abogado de ladefensa solicito probatoria para sucliente, y anadio su senon'a, el puedeser rehabilitado.

El juez aparento estar molesto alleer el informe de pro-sentencia. Luegoexclamo tres voces de forma rapida:iComo se va a rohabilitar si esta vivi-endo con una mujer negra?

Cuando el juez hizo este comen-tario, por primcra vez, me acerque albanco, y senale que era un abogado co-legiado y oficial do este tribunal. Solic-ito deponer en torno a la cuestion de

vivir con lo que su senon'a considcraba"una mujer de color". Dije no estarseguro, pero que entendia poder tonermas experiencia que su sefioria. Talvez—dije—, podria ofrecerle al tribu-nal unas tecnicas de sobrevivencia.

Despues de todo, esa mafianahabia salido del hogar en un estado doPerestroika y Glasnost domestica, yhasta habia retibido besos y caritias.Creia que debfa defender el honor denuestras mujeres ante los insultos deljuez.

Por supuesto que inmediatamenteme vi rodeado de por lo menos seis ofi-ciales del tribunal, todos armados conrevolverescalibreSS. Esto ultimo atem-pero en gran medida mi fervor heroico.El juez hizo en ese momenta lo quehacia todo juez sabio: desaparecerse asu despacho.

Luche para desaforarlo del banco,sin imaginarme en ese momenta que lapolicia montaria una larga lucha pararemoverme a mi del mismo, y por ex-claustrarme.

^Era el Juez Carney un racistainusitado, una aberration aislada?iQue nos importa? Selepresentounaoportunidad estuponda a la Asocia-cion de Abogados de Harlem parajustificar su existentia. Por el con-trario, sus miembros rehusaron firmaruna petition solicitando la expulsiondel juez, a pesar de que todos y cadauno de ellos en esos momentos viviacon lo que el Juez habia llamado una"mujer de color", sea esta su esposa ola de otro.

Luego de eso, fui citado a com-parecer ante la comision por afirmarque aparentemente, los policias blan-cos tienen una licencia para disparar ymatar a negros impunemente.

Veamos cuan cierto os eso. En lavispera del Ano International del Nino,Clifford Glover era una un nino

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delgadode apenas diezanos. ThomasShea era un oficial policiaco bianco. Dehecho sigue siendo bianco. El dispar6y mato al nino Glover, y en su defensa,senalo que creia que el nino era unadulto asaltante de un banco.

Alproguntarselesinopodfadistin-guir entre un adulto y un nino, espe-cialmcnte a una distancia de apenastres pies, Shea, quien estaba bajo jura-men to, contesto: lo unico que vi fue el

color de su piel.El policfa salio absuelto.Somos verdaderamente una espe-

cie en peligro por toner piel negra enpublico.

Al poco tiempo, un oficial biancollamado Robert Torsney, camino hastaRandy Evans, quien estaba simple-mente parado frente al edificio donderesidia. El policfa saco su arma dereglamento, la coloco sobre la cabezade Randy y le void los sesos.

Entonces camino lentamente a su

auto de patrulla, coloco su revolver enla baqueta y so sento. Randy apenashabfa comenzado a vivir la pubertad ysus gozes incrciblcs.

La defensa de Torsney fue que unataque subito de una forma rara de ep-ilepsia lo llevo a haccr semejante cosa.Ningun doctor pudo encontrar un

rasgo de dicha condicion presenteen el

acusado. Sin embargo, un jurado com-plctamente bianco exonero a Thorsney,de esa forma ejccutando una 'imperi-

cia medica' ser galenos...Oh, si, somos verdaderamente una

espccie en en vi'as de extincion.Otro juez bianco le dijo a un acu-

sado negro que no sabi'a cual era la dif-ercncia entre un buen abogado y una

sandia.Otro juez culpo a un acusado ne-

gro de tener un complice anadiondo

que tiene que hacer otro negro involu-crado.

Somos una especie en peligro ynecesitamos ser recordados de cudnlejos debemos llegar para ayudar acivilizar a la America blanca.

Enfocar el racismo en esta tierra,donde, segiin se nos ha dicho, Dios havertido su gracia "de mar a mar bril-lante", es un tema doloroso para mi. Esalgo asi como hacerme a mi mismocirugia exploratoria con un bisturiobtuso, y sin anestesia.

Dicho de otro modo, es parecido aser el mozo en un banquete de canfbalesblancos, donde mi cabeza es el platoprincipal y me tocara a mi trincharla,mientras los canibales gritan por unasegunda radon.

Es un trabajo sucio, pero le toca aalguienrealizarlo. Delocontrario,temoque los negros americanos se hundirianen una condicion anestesiante, dondescan complacientes, atildados, auto-satisfechos y quizas, hasta contentos.

Tantos de nosotros nos hemosconvertido en afro-sajones risuenos,completamente asimilados y embau-cados para sentirnos comodos; en fin,muchos de nosotros simplemente noshemos conformado con ser una bur-guesia negra, deferentes; fantasmasplasticos sentados por la puerta.

Thomas Jefferson, el dueno esclav-ista, quien tenia una amante negra en

Sally Hemmings, fue un pseudo-liber-tador. Y sin embargo, el podia decirque el arbol de la libertad debe ser

refrescado de vez en cuando con lasangre de patriotas y tiranps. Esasangre, segiin dijo, es el excrementonatural dela libertad. Si nosotros dijera-mos eso, el FBI nos secuestraria a to-dos.

Necesitamos recorder estas cosastoda vez que nuestros jovenes seanabaleados y asesinados o puestos en

algun fuerte distante conocido como'unidad de encerramiento y maxima

No podemos darnos el lujo de ser

bonachones y seres respetables. Esta-mos metidos en una lucha diaria por la

sobreviviencia dignificada. Y sinembargo, la respetabilidad puede serobservadaalrededorde nosotros. PeterDe Vries, un escritor bianco, ha estadoojeandonos por algiin tiempo y haescrito un libro titulado Mrs. Wallop.

En el mismo, nos dedica algunos com-

entarios y especialmente a la aristocra-cia negra.

El autor apunta que ha estado muysorprendido con la riqueza de los ne-gros. Dijo que algunas familias tienendos o tres automoviles y algunos nosolamenteposeen Town Houses', sinoresidencies en los suburbios y hastapasan sus veranos en clubes exclusivoscerca del mar. Pero su mas grandesorpresa, segiin dijo, fue el hecho deque algunos hasta poseen yates. Con-cluyo que el proximo libro sobre la de-sconcentracion espacial del negroamericano tendra que ser titulado ElCrucero con Cabina del Tio Tom.

El racismo es tambien furtivo.Jamas olvidare que cuando ThurgoodMarshall fue designado al Tribunal Su-premo, el liderato del Fondo de De-

fensa Legal del NAACP*( NationalAssociation for the Advancement of

Colored People. (Asociacion Nacionalpara el Adelanto de la Gente de Color)fue transferido a Jack Greenberg. Es-taba tan indignado por este insulto

implicito contra los abogados negrosque renuncie a mi membresia vitaliciadentro de la misma.

La nuestra se convirtio en la unicarevolucion intelectual dirigida por no-sotros mismos. Dije en ese momentoque cuando la arquidiocesis CatolicaRomana estuviera lista para serasesorada por un ateo; y que cuando el

GrupodeDerechosCivilesItalo-ameri-canoestuviese listo para serencabezado

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LIBERTAD—Una Decada yara vonerle fin al Colonialismo y Liberar a los Presos Politicos

por un etiope; y que cuando B'nai

B'rith**( Organizacion judi'a de dere-

chos civiles.)* ** y su Liga Anti De-

famacion esten lista para ser dirigidaspor Yasser Arafat, entonces estaremos

prestos a convertir sin temor alguno aJack Grcenberg en nuestro lider.

Aun creo que un pueblo libre debe

auto-emanciparse. Por supuesto que

necesitaremos aliados, pero nosotros

mismos le daremos liderato.

Y naturalmente que debemos

conocer algo de esa tierra lejana que

vio nacer a nuestros antepasados. Nohay nada malo en estudiar antiguasglorias. Pero, aun con todo eso, somos

americanos. Es en cste pai's que debe-

mos comprometer nuestra suerte,

destine o derrota.

Podcmos mirar al Oceano

Atlantico con una dolorosa nostalgia

acerca de un lugar donde nunca hemos

estado. Podcmos pensar en los diezmilloncs de esqueletos africanos que

descansan en pi fondo de la tierra y

llorar por aquellos que nunca conoci-

mos, Pcro somos americanos, sin

ningun otro lugar hacia donde partir.

Cada vcrano, sc subraya este hecho

en mi, al ver a amistades blancas partir

a Europapara visitaraldeasancestrales

y hasta sus parientes.

^Cuantos dc nosotros podemos

partir rumbo a Africa y visitar a la vieja

tribu y su aldca ancestral? £Y si nos

atrevieramos, quo pai's escogeriamos

para resolver la incognita de nuestra

sangre, hoy tan mezclada y dividida?

Seguimos siendo quizas las unices

ninos inmigrantes que no hablan la

Icngua autoctona de su pais dc origen.

Ahora bien: £que haremos en torno

al mal, la plaga y virulencia del ra-cismo? Si no hacemos algo, continuara

siendo un monstruo dcvorando a

nuestros jovenes y ancianos. Sabemos

que la situacion de este tiempo nos

rodea como un crimen frustrante.

La sociedad blanca, incapaz deencontrar un boxeador bianco, que sea

una 'csperanza blanca', ahora ha le-vantado un clamor nacional a favor de

la pena de muerte. Me atreveria afir-mar que habra algunos de ustedes aqui

presentes que han sido victimas de

crimcnos y su sed por la sangre le per-

mitin'a anhelar la pena de muerte. Para

los que apoyen dicha medida, no

olviden que la misma es despropor-

cionalmente impuesta contra los pob-

res. ^Y quienes son los pobres? Por

supuesto que son los negros. Loshombres y mujere's blancos y ricos

logran burlar la pena de muerte.

^Cuantos de los aqui presentes

recuerdan el caso del negro Willie

Francis? Willie fue la persona masjoven en ser sentenciada a morir en la

silla electrica de Louisiana. Los sirvi-

entes civiles que cumplen semejante

funcion amarraron a Willie en la silla y

leaplicaronlosmecanismosmorti'ferosen todos los lugares estrategicos.

El verdugo entonces la prendio.

La silla virtualmente bailo por el piso,

mientras el cuerpo de Willie empujaba

las correas y sus ojos y labios se abulta-

ban sin tiendo la corriente electrica pasar

por su cuerpo. El sheriff, al ver que

Willie aun estaba vivo, y escuchando

una-voz de nifto exclamar jparen!

iparen! No puedo respirar, le grito al

verdugo dale mas electricidad". Este

ultimo a su vez le grito "le estoy dando

el maximo.

La silla habia fallado y cl cuerpo de

Willie habia sido "apenas" afectadopor la corriente. Willie fue cargado

hasta la enfermeria mientras repara-

ban la silla.Dos abogados blancos fueron a un

tribunal amparandose en la octava en-

comienda de la constitucion al senalar

que no se podia infligir a una persona

con trato cruel e inusitado. Colocarlo

en la silla electrica de nuevo, argumen-taron ellos, sen'a violar la constitucion

y literalmente cometer "doble exposi-

tion".El caso llego hasta el Tribunal

Supremo de los EEUU. Una mayon'a

dijo, en efecto, que Willie estaba sen-

tenciado a morir. Willie aun no habia

muerto y por ello sen'a llevado de nuevo

a la silla.Esta vez, el verdugo dijo, Ahora te

tengo; Adios Willie. Y prendio el

aparato. Esta vez la maquina trabajoperfectamente.

Un profesor de Derecho de la

Universidad de Temple esta escribi-

endo un libro acerca del Caso de Willie

Francis y concluyo que este nunca

cometio el crimen por el cual fue sen-tenciado a muerte, y que el hombre

bianco que alegadamente mato Willie

fue asesinado por su propio hermano.

£Es muy viejo ese caso para ust-

edes? Bueno, no olviden el notorio

Caso Goetz de Nueva York, donde

cuatro jovenes negros le pidicron $5.00

a este. Goetz dijo que temfa a ser asal-

tado, y por ello saco un arma ilegal y

disparo contra los cuatro jovenes, par-

alizando a uno de ellos de por vida.

Goetz fue absuelto de los cargos de

disparar contra ellos, pero sentenciado

a un cargo menos grave de posesion

ilegal de arma. Concluyo su breve en-

carcelamiento, y hoy camina por las

calles de la ciudad.

^Pueden imaginarse el destine de

un hombre negro que dispare contra

cuatro hombres blancos y luego en sudefensa plantee que lo hizo por temor?

Verdaderamente, somos una espe-

cie vias de extintion.

Estoy ansioso por ver que el "ne-

gocio de los jueces" honre los canones

de justicia y estoy dolorosamente pre-

ocupado por el hecho de que nuesrras

22

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Noviembre/Diciembre de 1989

Salas no csten presididas por racistascon togas nogras.

La mayoria dc nuestros jueces sonblancos, de clase media y socialmenteajenos de aquellos que enjuician, asicomo ignorantes de la experiencianegra. Ellos pucden crecr quc un negroes culpable sencillamente porque llevaconsigo lo que sicologos denominan"arrogancia compensatoria". Losjueces ban disfrutado su blancura yban prosperado con la misma desde eldi'a en que nacieron; y ban adorado lospri vilegios que d isfru tan los que tienenpiel blanca.

Ellos son pcrpetuadores blancos ybeneficiarios de mitos mortales que ledan a los "red-necks" rurales tantostrabajos como guard ias penales. Vea-mos por un momento uno de esos mitosy determinemos si todavia nos acechancomo fantasmas viciosos y predato-rios.

Durante la decada de los 1930, enla cuspide de los linchamientos contralos negros en este pais, se presento unaResolucion en una ConvencionNational dc la Policia. La resolutionindicaba que los policias deben aban-donar sus armas de reglamento calibre32 y en vez usar una de calibre 38.Alguien pregunto por que deben hac-erlo. La contestation fue que la bala delcalibre 32 no penetraria la piel de unhombre negro. El razonamiento era,segun dijo el portavoz, que todos losnegros son adictos a la cocaina y queesta no solamente le cndurece la piel alos hombres negros contra los per-digones de una bala calibre 32, sino queaumenta su punteria al disparar, y losobligaria tambien a violar todas lasmujeres negras.

Alguien cuestiono de donde sacandinero los negros pobres para comprarcocaina, siendo esta uno de los narcoti-cos mas caros. Hubo una contestation

lista. Un portavoz senalo que el re-fresco favorite de la clase baja negraera la Coca-Cola. En esos dias, la Coca-Cola en realidad contenia una portionde cocaina. Uno podria dear que era"la verdadera cosa".

Ustedes observaran que el armaoficial para el departamento de policiaa travez de la nation es el revolvercalibre 38.

Somos, verdaderamente una razaen vfas de extincion. Y por virtud ovicio de estos mitos mortales pere-cemos.

^Ahora bien: ̂ que podemos haceren torno a los jueces, fiscales de distritoy politias que viven de acuerdo a losmitos que nos matan?

Sabemos que los jueces y oficialespublicos raramente, si alguna vez ad-miten que son racistas. Durante unaconferencia de jueces, un juez biancome amonesto por atacar al racismo ydijo: un momento Bruce, tu estas ob-sesionado con la cuestion racial. No-sotros nunca nos fijahios en el color deun acusado cuando esta ante un tribu-nal. Y a manera de iluminarnos con unceguera blanca senalo: los otros diastuve ante mi un jovencito negro..., y suvoz continue enumerando sus razones.

Es obvio que tenemos una tarea encivilizar a la America blanca. No nosdemos por vencidos. Si pueden apren-der a bailar de nosotros, todavia existeesperanza. He notado, ademas, quecada dia un mayor numero de blancosse convierten en aficionados dealimen-tos saludables y ban descubierto la fibraque suplen las acelgas ("collardgreens"). Asi que hay esperanza.

He planteado a traves de los anos(y al hacerlo he sido ridiculizado) quetodos los jueces, la policia y fiscales dedistrito en este pais deben matricularsey aprobar cursos en historia negra yjurisprudencia sociologica previo a

cualquier elegibilidad para ser nom-inados a sus puestos.

Una vez aprueben tales medidas,entonces deben ser psicoanalizadosprofundamente para determinar siretienen vestigios de impulses racis-tas. Solamente luego de haber pasadopor estas pruebas es que podrian serelegibles para ser nombrados o electosa sus respectivas posiciones.

Entiendo que los jueces negrostambien deben pasar por ese proceso.Desafortunadamente existen algunosjueces negros que se han tornadoemocionalmente blancos desde elmomento en que se pusieron la toganegra.

Mientras tanto, nunca olvidemoslas palabras de Langston Hughes quienuna vez senalo que la gente blanca hasido tan cruel entre si, que es ridiculeesperar que scan buenos con nosotros.Hay excepciones, por supuesto, ydebemos reclutarlos para nuestrobando.

Como he senalado, hemos tornadoalgunos pasos, a pesar del fuerte efectode retardation entre algunos blancos ysu inabilidad de aprender que somosciudadanos y que estamos aqui paraquedarnos.

Tal vez sea demasiado optimista.Despues de todo, el periodico The NewYork Times revelo hace poco que unmiembro bianco del Consejo de laCiudad de Houston (Texas) estabamolesto porque se pretend ia rcnom-brar el aeropuerto de esa ciudad enhonor al congresista Mickey Leland,quien murio en un acddente aereo enAfrica. El consejal disidente de apel-lido Westmoreland, sugirio que el aero-puerto sea llamado "Nigger Interna-tional Airport" para complacer a todoslos negros.

El racismo, entonces, no estademasiado presente entre nosotros, sino

23

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LIBERTAD—Una Decada para ponerle fin al Colonialismo y Liberar a los Presos Politicos

que es tan recionte como el dia de hoy.

El hecho de que podamos reunirnos

hoy para pensar en formas de nutrir las

rafces de la igualdad con nuestro analisis

y pensamiento, en lugar de usar lagrimas

y sangre, es un tribute a la Carta de Dere-

chos, en su bicentcnario de cxistencia.

Tambien es esperanzador y sugiere que

los negros tiencn mas aliados de lo que

imaginaba. Esperovivirlosuficientepara

ver a negros y puertorriqueftos luchando

juntos yver la union entrc negros yjudios.

Todos somos miembros de una especie

en vias de extincion.

Nunca abandonemos nuestro traba jo

misionerocivilizante entrc los nortcameri-

canos blancos, en un esfuerzo por

ensenarle a los racistas a que scan mejor

comportados y mas humanos. Nunca

debemos abandonar la lucha.

Fue la conducta dc la mania anti-

derechos civiles en la Administracion

Reagan la que prepare el camino para el

desaforo del juez Alcee Hastings. Y en-

tonces, observar la conducta del con-

grcsista negro John Conyers como instru-

mento de ese nefasto proceso confirma la

idea de que podemos tenor prominentes

espfas en nuestro mcdio con lo que cllos

deben llamar coloracion protectiva.

Es sumamcntepstimulante observar

que el alcalde Colcman Young de Detroit,

tras derrotar a Conyers senalo quecuando

la incumbencia de este tcrmine, jamas

pondra pie en los intcriorcs del Congreso

a menos que sea en caracter de turista.

Mientras que no soy un pacih'sta, y

creo junto a Malcolm X en el uso de todos

los medios necesarios, sigo siendo un

seguidor de Mahatma Gandhi quien

ayudo a libcrar a la India del yugo Colo-

nial del imperialismo britanico. El con-

ocia unas cuantas cosas decdmo civilizar

al opresor. El sabia que cran cuasi-civili-

zados cuando salicron dc India.

Cuando esta heroica lucha triunfo,

Gandhi sc convirtio en un Guru para el

mundo. Academicos, profesores,

cientificos, poetas y hasta clerigos vini-

eron dc todas partes del planeta para

sentarse ante Gandhi y absorber su sa-

bidun'a.

Un dia, un joven poeta miro al gran

hombre y le dijo: ST. Gandhi, ^que opina

de la civilizacion de occidente?

Gandhi cstuvo pensativo por un

momento y contesto sabes, no es mala

idea. ^Por que alguien no lo intenta?.

Estamos aqui tratando de lograrlo, y

en el proceso ensenandole a nuestros

hermanos y hermanas geneticos afro-

sajones que aun no lo hemos logrado y

que el arduo traba jo de civilizar a America

debe continuar.

Esos estudiantes de la Universidad

de Wisconsin quecondujeron una subasta

de esclavos este ano se graduaran pronto

y, tarde o temprano, seran los jueces,

abogados, fiscalesde distrito y policias de

este pais.

La necesidad de luchar nunca cesa,

ya que la esclavitud nunca esta Icjos de las

mentes blancas.

Un abogado bianco una vez vino

donde mi e interumpio una conversacion

que tenia con un profesor. Puso su mano

sobre mi brazo y en forma confidencial,

mirandome directamente a los ojos me

dijo "Si algun dia regresa la esclavitud a

este pais, me gustaria scr tu duefio."

No les contare a esta respetable

audiencia lo que le dije a ese hombre.

iCon razon es G. K. Chesterton diria

que no hay nada malo en los norteameri-

canos blancos excepto sus ideales!

jCon razon es que Dennis Brogan, un

sociologo britanico comentaria que

America es una pesadilla de aire acondi-cionado!

jCon razon es que George Bernard

Shaw podn'a decir que America era el

unico pais en el mundo que sufria una

declinacion en su civilizacion sin antes

ser civilizada!

Como pueden ver, la civilizacion no

sera facil.

Aun asi, no podemos rendirnos. No

tenemos un lugar donde irnos. No pode-

mos irnos de America. Con el permiso de

los indios, esta tierra es tan nuestra como

de cualquier otro, asi que tenemos que

permanecer aqui, a no ser que creamos en

Alex Haley y que podemos localizar a la

tribu de nuestros antepasados, sus aldcas

y direcciones postales.

Asi que la lucha continua. Aban-

donarla significaria dejar una sociedad

racista y corrupta y exponer a sus ninos a

los tiposdc expericncias psicologicas pcr-

judiciales que emanan del racismo.

Si no luchan en esta justa causa por

ustedes, entonces, al menos haganlo por

sus ninos. Si ustedes y yo por lo menos no

hacemos eso, escuchen lo que un poeta de

Harlem dice le pasaria a nuestros ninos:Man tanas maliciosas podrian tragdrselos a todosMientras escuchen el llamado de un malvado flau-tista abigarrado;y entonces, su mundo se convertird en piedra duray mordiremos el hambre con un hueso amargo;sus "Plaza Sesamo" les serdn arrebatadas;El "Capitdn Canguro" se moldeard en pudricion;El "Puente de Londres" sera cenizas en un rimero;"Madeline" resistird el engano del cirujano;"Humpty-Dumpty" yacerd revuelto en su caida;"Ija Cenicienta" nunca llegard a tiempo al baile;"Mother Hubbard" usardla peluca de serpientes deMedusa;"Los Tres Osos" seconvertirdn en cerdos-dragones;"La Caperucita Roja" violard al lobo en la. cama dela abuela;Una perdiz devorard drboles y todas las peras:La casa que "Jacobo" construyo tendrd tigres en susescaleras—}Y la navidad? Navidad sera "Simon dice" ori-nando sobre sus cabezas,

Y mientras civilizamos, nunca

vacilemos y convirtamonos todos en

misioneros, no solo para civilizar a la

America blanca sino para ensenarle a

nuestros millones a votar.

Mientras tanto, cuidado con los

"Darth Vaders" en el camino, y que la

fuerza los acompane.