Municipal Waste to Energy Project (People’s Republic of China) … · 2015-08-03 · Initial Environmental Examination November 2011 Project no. 43901-01 Municipal Waste to Energy

Initial Environmental Examination November 2011 Project no. 43901-01

Municipal Waste to Energy Project

(People’s Republic of China)

Suzhou Phase III Waste-to-Energy Subproject

Prepared by China Everbright International Limited for the Asian Development Bank (ADB)

This initial environmental examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation on or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Municipal Solid Waste Waste-to-Energy Project Phase III Expansion, Everbright Environmental Energy (Suzhou) Limited

I

The Report of Environmental

Impacts of the BOT Project of

Suzhou Phase Waste-To-Energy

Power Plant

Construction Unit: Everbright Environmental Energy

(Suzhou) Limited

2011 11


II

Content

1 Overview ............................................................................................. 1

1.1 Preface .................................................................................................. 1

1.2 Basis of Compilation ........................................................................... 3

1.3 Assessment Purposes and Working Principles ................................. 9

1.4 Assessment Factors ........................................................................... 10

1.5 Assessment Grade ............................................................................. 11

1.6 Assessment Range ............................................................................. 15

1.7 Object of Environment Sensitivity Protection ............................... 16

1.8 Assessment Standard ........................................................................ 17

1.9 Process of Assessment ....................................................................... 26

2 Environment Overview ................................................................... 28

2.1 Overview of Natural Environment .................................................. 28

2.2 Overview of Social Economy ........................................................... 33

2.3 Overview of Regional Master Plan and Environmental

Protection Plan .............................................................................................. 36

3 Reviews on Existing projects .......................................................... 50

3.1 Overview of Existing Projects .......................................................... 50

3.2 Overview of Technological Process ................................................. 52

3.3 Raw and Auxiliary Materials Consumption .................................. 58

3.4 Water Supply, Drainage and Water Balance of Existing

Projects 62

3.5 Discharge Conditions of Main Pollutants ....................................... 64

3.6 Official and Written Reply of Existing Projects and

Implement Condition of “Three-meanwhile” Policy ................................. 73

3.7 Main Environment Problems of Existing Projects ........................ 81

3.8 The Measures of “Using New Method to Improve Old One” ....... 81

4 Engineering Analysis of Phase Expansion Project ................ 83


III

4.1 The Necessity of Phase Expansion Project .............................. 83

4.2 Basic Composition of Phase Expansion Project ..................... 84

4.3 Overview on the Geographic Positions of the Plants .................... 88

4.4 Overview on Land Occupation and Plan Layout of the Plants .... 88

4.5 Overview of Projects and Equipment ............................................. 90

4.6 General Information of Raw and Auxiliary Materials ............... 107

4.7 Public Auxiliary Projects................................................................ 109

4.8 The Production and Discharge of Main Pollutants ..................... 115

4.9 Summary of Pollutant Discharge .................................................. 136

5 Comment on Pollution Prevention Measures ............................. 139

5.1 Comment on Air Pollution Prevention Measures ........................ 139

5.2 Comment on Water Pollution Prevention Measures ................... 153

5.3 Comment on Noise Pollution Prevention Measures .................... 160

5.4 Comment on Solid Waste Pollution Prevention Measures ......... 161

5.5 Underground Water and Soil Prevention Measures ................... 165

5.6 Greening Measures ......................................................................... 166

5.7 Summary List of “Three-meanwhile” Acceptance Check .......... 167

6 Industrial Policies, Cleaner Production and Recycling

Economy Analysis ......................................................................... 173

6.1 Industrial Policies ........................................................................... 173

6.2 Cleaner Production ......................................................................... 174

6.3 Recycling Economy ......................................................................... 190

7 Investigation on Regional Pollution Sources and Investigation

and Evaluation of Present Environmental Quality Condition . 192

7.1 Investigation on Regional Pollution Sources ................................ 192

ΣPi(106m

3/a) ............................................................................................ 195

Ki(%) 195

7.2 Investigation on Present Environmental Quality Condition ...... 195


IV

7.3 Environmental Quality Review and Analysis .............................. 211

8 Predicative Analysis on Environmental Impact ......................... 215

8.1 Prediction and Evaluation on Ambient Air Impact ..................... 215

8.2 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Surface Water .......... 244

8.3 Prediction and Assessment of Noise Environmental Impact ...... 245

8.4 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Solid Waste ............... 250

8.5 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Soil ............................. 251

8.6 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Ground Water .......... 251

8.7 Analysis on the Environmental Impact during Waste

Transportation ............................................................................................. 255

9 Analysis on Environmental Impact During Construction

Period ............................................................................................. 256

9.1 Noise Environmental Impact Assessment and Control

Measures During Construction Period ..................................................... 256

9.2 Waste Water Environmental Impact Assessment and Control


9.3 Waste Gas Environmental Impact Assessment and Control


9.4 Ecological Environmental Impact Assessment and Control

Measures during Construction Period ...................................................... 261

10 Risk Assessment ............................................................................. 262

10.1 Overview ........................................................................................ 262

10.2 Risk Identification ........................................................................ 262

10.3 Assessment Grade Determination and Assessment Range ....... 265

10.4 Analysis on Sources ....................................................................... 267

10.5 Analysis on Accident Consequences ............................................ 268

10.6 Risk Control Measures for Current Project .............................. 274

10.7 Formulation of Accident Contingency Plan ............................... 278


V

10.8 Contingency Prevention of the Expansion Project and Its

Contingency Plan ........................................................................................ 283

10.9 Summary of Risk Assessment ...................................................... 284

11 Emission Control ........................................................................... 285

11.1 Emission Control Factors ............................................................. 285

11.2 Emission Application .................................................................... 285

11.3 Emission Balance Plan .................................................................. 286

12 Public Participation ....................................................................... 287

12.1 Purpose of Public Participation ................................................... 287

12.2 Principles of Public Participation................................................ 287

12.3 Methods of Public Participation .................................................. 288

12.4 Result Analysis of Public Participation Questionnaire Issued . 288

12.5 Online Publication Investigation ................................................. 298

12.6 Participating Hearing of the public ............................................ 298

12.7 Grievance Redress Mechanism.................................................... 299

12.8 Investigation Conclusion of Public Participation ...................... 300

13 Feasible Analysis of Site Selection ................................................ 302

13.1 Consistency Analysis to Urban Planning .................................... 302

13.2 Consistency Analysis to Environmental Sanitation

Professional Planning ................................................................................. 303

13.3 Consistency Analysis on Important Environmental

Protection Targets ....................................................................................... 304

13.4 Consistency of Environment Development [2008] No. 82

Regulation .................................................................................................... 305

13.5 Environmental Impact Analysis .................................................. 310

13.6 Analysis on Reasonability of General Layout ............................ 311

13.7 Summary ........................................................................................ 312

14 Economic Cost-benefit Analysis ................................................... 314


VI

14.1 Economic Benefit Analysis ........................................................... 314

14.2 Environmental Benefit Analysis .................................................. 315

14.3 Social and Economic Environmental Impact ............................. 320

15 Environmental Management and Detection Plan ...................... 321

15.1 Basic Objectives of Environmental Management ..................... 321

15.2 Management Responsibilities and Measures ............................. 321

15.3 Environmental Management Responsibilities ........................... 321

15.4 Environmental Monitoring Responsibilities .............................. 322

15.5 Environmental Supervision ......................................................... 323

15.6 Environmental Monitoring Plan ................................................. 325

15.7 Standardization Requirements for Sewage Outfall ................... 329

16 Conclusion and Suggestions .......................................................... 331

16.1 Project Overview ........................................................................... 331

16.2 Ambient Quality Situation and Main Environmental

Protection Objectives .................................................................................. 331

16.3 Main Pollution Prevention Measures ......................................... 334

16.4 Environmental Feasibility ............................................................ 336

16.5 Analysis on Clean Production...................................................... 338

16.6 Environmental Impact Forecast Results .................................... 339

16.7 Emission Control........................................................................... 342

16.8 Public-participated Investigation ................................................ 342

16.9 Final Conclusions on Environmental Assessment ..................... 343

16.10 Suggestions and Requirements .................................................. 343


1

1 Overview

1.1 Preface

As a famous historic and cultural city as well as an important scenic tourist city,

Suzhou is one of the cities with the fastest economic development in Yangtze River

Delta. The city covers an area of 8,488 km2, with an urban area of 1,650 km

2. At the

end of 2009, its registered permanent residents were 6.3329 million, of which 2.4021

million lived in urban area.

During the process of economic development, Suzhou put Qizishan Refuse

Landfill Site into operation to disposal its municipal domestic waste in 1993, with the

design storage capacity of 4.7 million cubic meters and the effective capacity of 4.2

million cubic meters, with the designed service life of 15 years. Since the rate of

growth of domestic waste exceeds the expected value, the discharge quantity of

Suzhou municipal domestic waste in 1993 was between 280~300t/d, which reached

1,300t/d in 2002 and 3,000t/d at the end of 2006, according to the statistics data of

Suzhou Public Municipal Works Administration. Facing the restrictions of objective

conditions, such as natural, social environment of Suzhou, selection and storage

capacity of refuse landfill site, fast growth of domestic waste in urban area of Suzhou,

it is urgent for Suzhou to choose proper approach of domestic waste disposal to solve

the problem of sustainable development.

From May of 2002 to December of 2003, relevant departments of Suzhou

municipal government had declared and completed the environmental assessment of

“3×350t/d Domestic Waste Waste-to-Energy Project of Suzhou SuNeng

Waste-to-Energy Co., Ltd.” (hereinafter referred to as Phase Project), planning to

use the reserved site of Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site to build a garbage incineration

power plant with daily treatment of domestic waste of 1,000t. The project had its

environmental impact assessment accomplished by State Power Environmental

Protection Research Institute and had been replied by Jiangsu Environmental

Protection Department in Suzhou Environment Management [2003] No. 229 in

December, 2003. In 2004, China Everbright International Limited had been brought in

by Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) pattern of government investment invitation and


2

Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. was established to

take charge of the establishment of Phase Project and the operation management of

the first 25 year, and change the enterprise name according to Regulations of the

People's Republic of China on Administration of Registration of Companies. In

accordance with Suzhou Environment Acceptance (2007) No. 380, Phase Project

had passed the acceptance of environmental protection organized by Jiangsu

Environmental Protection Department. As domestic waste of Suzhou increases,

Everbright Environmental Protection had invested RMB 450 million to implement the

Phase extension project “2×500t/d garbage incinerator + 20MW turbo generator

unit” (hereinafter referred to as Phase Project); meanwhile, in order to make full

use of resources, the extension project would establish comprehensive utilization of

slag project. The environmental impact assessment of the project had been

accomplished by China Bluestar Lehigh Engineering Corporation. The project had

been replied in Environment Audit [2008] No. 25 by the Ministry of Environmental

Protection in March, 2008. Phase Project was constructed and put into operation in

2009 and past the acceptance of environmental protection organized by Ministry of

Environmental Protection in Environment Acceptance [2010] No. 84.

The data of online monitoring, acceptance monitoring, routine monitoring

operated in Phase Project and Phase Project show that, through the purification

of the process of “lime cream de-acidification by semi-dry process + activated carbon

adsorption + bag dust separation”, the concentration of pollutants in the discharged

gas of the flue gas is lower than the requirements of the standard selected in

assessment (see 1.8.2 Standard of Pollutants Discharge), the discharge concentration

of dioxins reaches the EU 2000 Standard (hereinafter referred to as EU Standard).

Suzhou Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site and garbage incinerating power plant has

become the only approach to dispose the domestic waste of Suzhou at present and in

the future. In order to maximize the comprehensive utilization of resources, reduce

environmental pollution, further promote the environmental bearing capacity of

Suzhou, and realize the fast, sustainable and healthy development of Suzhou,

Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. decides to invest

RMB 750 million to establish Phase Extension Project, with the extension of

“3×500t/d garbage incinerator + 2×15MW generator unit”, under the substantial

support of local government department.


3

In accordance with relevant regulations, such as Law of the Peoples Republic of

China on Assessment of Environmental Effects and Environmental Protection

Management Measures for Construction Project, Nanjing Institute of Environmental

Science of the Ministry of Environmental Protection had accepted the delegation of

Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. in March, 2011 to

take charge of the environmental impact assessment of the Phase Extension Project

of the Domestic Waste Waste-to-Energy project of the company, as well as the

formulation of the environmental impact report of the project. After accepting the

entrustment, the assessment unit had formulated the environmental impact assessment

of the project and submitted it for approval, based on field investigation, collection of

basic data and preliminary analysis of engineering pollution discharge condition.

1.2 Basis of Compilation

1.2.1 National Laws and Regulations

1 Environment Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China, December

26, 1989;

2 Law on the Prevention of Air Pollution of People's Republic of China,

revised on April 29, 2000;

3 Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Water

Pollution, June 1, 2008;

4 Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of

Pollution from Environmental Noise, revised on October 29, 1996;

5 Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of

Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes , revised on December 29, 2004

6 Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Assessment of Environmental

Effects, September 1, 2003;

7 Energy Conservation Law of the People’s Republic of China, January 1,

1998;

8 Law of the People's Republic of China on Renewable Energy, January 1,

2006;

9 Cleaner Production Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China,

http://www.lawinfochina.com/law/display.asp?ID=3874&DB=1



4

January 1, 2003;

10 Decision of the State Council on Several Issues Concerning

Environmental Protection, State Development No. (96) 31;

11 Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental

Protection, the State Council Decree No. 253 in 1998;

12 Circular of Opinions on Enhancing Industrial Water Conservation, State

Economic and Trade Resource (2000) Decree No. 1015 of State Economic and Trade

Commission;

13 Decision on Implementing the Scientific Concept of Development and

Stepping up Environmental Protection by the State Council, State Development [2005]

No. 39;

14 “The Eleventh Five-Year Plan” National Environment Conservation Laws

and Regulations Construction Plan, Environmental Development [2005] No. 131;

15 Instructional Advice of State Environment Protection Administration on

Promoting Circular Economy, Environmental Development [2005] No. 114;

16 Classification Catalogue for Environment Impact Assessment of

Construction Project, Ministry of Environmental Protection Decree No. 2, September

2, 2008;

17 Circular of Enhancing Environment Impact Assessment Management and

Preventing Environmental Risk, State Environmental Protection Administration

Environmental Development [2005] No. 152;

18 Circular of National Development and Reform Commission on the

issuance of Relevant Management Rules on Renewable Energy Generation, National

Development and Reform Commission Development and Reform Energy [2006] No.

13;

19 The Notice about Speeding up Electric Power Industry Adjustment and

Help it Develop Healthily and Orderly, National Development and Reform

Commission Development and Reform Energy [2006] No. 661;

20 Interim Provisions for Environment Impact Assessment Public

Participation, State Environmental Protection Administration Environmental

Development [2006] No. 28;

21 Circular of State Environmental Protection Administration on Work for




5

Reporting the Total Emission of Major Pollutants, Environmental Development [2006]

No. 98;

22 Circular of State Environmental Protection Administration, State

Economic and Trade Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology on Hazardous

Waste Disposal Policy, Environmental Development [2001] No. 199;

23 Technological Policy for Treatment of Municipal Solid Wastes and Its

Pollution Prevention, Ministry of Construction, Ministry of Science and Technology,

State Environmental Protection Administration, Jian Cheng [2000] No. 120;

24 National Dangerous Wastes Catalogue, Ministry of Environmental

Protection of the People’s Republic of China, National Development and Reform

Commission of the People’s Republic of China Decree No. 1, June 6, 2008;

25 Measures for Administration of Hazardous Waste Manifest, State

Environmental Protection Administration, October 1, 1999;

26 Provisions for Documents of Classification and Approval on Environment

Impact Assessment of Construction Project, Ministry of Environmental Protection of

the People’s Republic of China Decree No. 5, January 16, 2009;

27 Rules on Further Strengthening Industrial Policy and Credit Policy to

Coordinate and Control Credit Risks, National Development and Reform

Commission Development and Reform Industry [2004] No. 46;

28 Guideline Catalogue for Industrial Restructuring (2011 version);

29 Circular of State Environmental Protection Administration on the

Issuance of Guidelines on Total Amount Distribution of Sulfur Dioxide

(Environmental Development [2006] No. 182);

30 Official Reply of the State Council on the Control Plan of the Total

Emission of National Main Pollutants During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan”, and its

Annex Control Plan of the Total Emission of National Main Pollutants During the

“Eleventh Five-Year Plan”, the State Council Guo Han [2006] No. 70;

31 Circular on Further Strengthening Environment Impact Assessment

Management of Biomass Waste-to-Energy Projects, Ministry of Environmental

Protection, Development and Reform Commission, Bureau of Energy, Environmental

Development [2008] No. 82, September 4, 2008;

32 Town Appearance Sanitation Regulations, the State Council Decree No.


6

101, June, 1992;

33 Administrative Measures for Urban Living Garbage, Ministry of

Construction Decree No. 27, August, 1993;

34 State Planning Commission, Ministry of Construction, State

Environmental Protection Administration, Ji Investment [2002] No. 1591, Circular on

Boosting the Industrialization Development of Urban Sewage and Garbage;

35 National Development and Reform Committee, etc. Development and

Reform Huan Zi [2004] No. 73, Circular on the Issuance of List of Resources for

Comprehensive Use (2003 Revision);

36 Control over Licensing for the Discharge of Key Pollutants in Huai

River and Taihu Lake Basin (Trial Implementation), State Environmental Protection

Administration, October 1, 2001;

37 General Office of the State Council Transmitted the Circular of Ministry

of Environmental Protection on the Guideline of Promoting Air Pollution Joint

Prevention and Control and Improving Regional Air Quality (State Office Transmit

[2010] No. 33).

1.2.2 Local Policy, Laws and Regulations

(1) Environmental Air Quality Functional Regionalization of Jiangsu Province;

(2) Classification of Surface Water Function Category of Jiangsu Province;

(3) Jiangsu Environmental Protection Act, implemented on August 16, 1997;

(4) Interim Provisions on the Control of Total Amount of Discharged Pollutants

of Jiangsu Province (1993 Provincial Government Decree No. 38);

(5) Several Stipulations Concerning Sewage Outlet Setting and Standardized

Management (Jiangsu Environment Control [1997] No. 122);

(6) Circular of Doing Good Job in the Environmental Management of

Construction Project (Jiangsu Environment Management [2006] No. 98);

(7) Guidance Catalogue for Industrial Structure Adjustment of Jiangsu

Province (Jiangsu Government Issue [2006] No. 140);

(8) Policies and Measures of Jiangsu Province on Promoting Environmental

Protection (Jiangsu Government Issue [2006] No. 92), July, 2006;

(9) Jiangsu Province Noise Pollution Control Regulations, The Standing

Committee of the Tenth People's Congress of Jiangsu Province, No. 108,


7

implemented on March 1, 2006;

(10) Circular of Provincial Government on Policies and Measures Concerning

Promoting the Construction of Conservation-minded Society, Jiangsu Government

Issue [2006] No. 60, May 4, 2006;

(11) Circular of Provincial Government on Opinions Concerning the

Implementation of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction of Jiangsu Province,

Jiangsu Government Issue [2007] No. 63;

(12) Circular of the Issuance of the Standard of Formulating the Content of

Recycle Economy in Regional Development and Environmental Impact Assessment of

Construction Project (Trial Implementation), Jiangsu Environmental Protection

Department, February, 2004 (Jiangsu Environment Control [2005] No. 50);

(13) Circular of Provincial Government on Implementation Plan of Water

Environmental Comprehensive Control in Taihu Lake Basin of Jiangsu Province,

(Jiangsu Government Issue [2009] No. 36);

(14) Circular of Provincial Government Office on the Issuance of Jiangsu

“the Eleventh Five-Year Plan” Document of Responsibility on Reducing Total Amount

of Water Pollutants (Jiangsu Government Issue [2007] No. 97);

(15) Taihu Lake Water Pollution Prevention and Control Regulations of Jiangsu

Province, revised in 2007;

(16) Guidance Catalogue for Suzhou Industrial Development, Jiangsu

Government [2007] No. 129;

(17) Circular of Municipal Government Office Transmitted the Working Points

of Water Pollution Prevention and Control Taihu Lake Basin of Suzhou in

2010,Jiangsu Government Office [2010] No. 112;

(18) Circular of Issuing the Implementation Opinions on Further Strengthening

the Implementation of Emission Reduction of Main Pollutants, Jiangsu Government

[2007] No. 148;

(19) Circular of Issuing the Review Management Measures of Regional Balance

Plan of the Total Discharge Amount of Main Pollutants of Construction Project in

Jiangsu Province, (Jiangsu Environment Office [2011] No. 71);

(20) Circular of Further Normalizing Public Participation and Hearing System

in Environmental Assessment of Planning and Construction, (Jiangsu Environment

Office [2011] No. 173);

(21) Solid Waste Pollution Control Regulations of Jiangsu Province (2010).


8

1.2.3 Local Plans and Data of the Project Site

(1) Suzhou Urban Master Plan (2007-2020);

(2) Eleventh Five-Year Planning on Environmental Protection of Suzhou;

(3) Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene (2006-2020);

(4) Master Plan of Mudu Town in Wu County;

(5) Environmental Protection Plan of Mudu Town in Wu County.

1.2.4 Technical Basis

(1) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment-General

Principles (HJ/T2.1-93);

(2) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment- Atmospheric

Environment (HJ2.2-2008);

(3) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment- Surface Water

Environment (HJ/T2.3-93);

(4) Technical Guidelines for Noise Assessment (HJ2.4-2009);

(5) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment- Groundwater

Environment (HJ610-2011);

(6) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects

(HJ/T169-2004);

(7) Provisions of Jiangsu Province on Standardization Formulation of Main

Content of Environmental Impact Report of Construction Projects (Trial

Implementation);

(8) Industrial Standard of People's Republic of China Technical Code for

Projects of Municipal Household Garbage Incineration (CJJ90-2009), Ministry of

Construction, September 1, 2002;

(9) Industrial Standard for Environment Protection of People's Republic of

China Specification for Formulating Environmental Impact Statement of Thermal

Power Plant Construction Project (HJ/T13-1996, issued by State Environmental

Protection Administration, Ministry of Power Industry);

(10) Standard for Pollution Control on the Household Garbage Incineration

(GB18485-2001);

(11) Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Household Garbage


9

(GB16889-2008);

(12) Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage

(GB18597-2001).

1.2.5 Documents and Replies Relating to the Project

(1) Power of Attorney for Environmental Assessment;

(2) Circular of Provincial Development and Reform Committee on Implementing

Preliminary Work of Phase Extension Project of Suzhou Domestic Waste

Waste-to-Energy Project, Su Development and Reform Investment Fa [2011] No. 240;

(3) Advisory opinions on environmental Assessment of construction project,

Advisory [2011] No. 40;

(4) Application Report of the Project.

1.3 Assessment Purposes and Working Principles

1.3.1 Assessment Purposes

It is required to analyze the impact degree and range on surrounding environment

according to the main pollutants discharged by the project, argue the environmental

feasibility of engineering construction and advancement and rationality of

environment protection safety measures on technology and economy, and further put

forward measures and suggestions for preventing, controlling and reducing pollution,

so as to provide basis for the design of environment protection facilities and

environmental management.

1.3.2 Working Principles

1. According to the “3R Principle” of reduction, reuse and recycle, it is required

to realize the recycle of resources across industries, promote resource utilization,

comprehensively utilize waste, safety disposal, aiming for promoting the coordination

of society, economy and ecology environment.

2. It is required to stick on the principle of “cleaner production”, “standard

discharge” and “control on the total amount of pollutants” according to the rules of

Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection,

and strengthen the assessment content of cleaner production technology and


10

environmental protection control countermeasures.

3. It is required to conscientiously implement national regulations and policies,

analyze and assess the planning consistency of the project, rationality of engineering

and pollution prevention and control, feasibility of site selection.

4. It is also required to do engineering analysis well, analyze the impact degree

and range of the project on environment through environmental impact forecasting by

combining the environmental characteristics of the geographical position of the

proposed project, put forward feasible environmental protection measures, minimize

the discharge amount of pollutants, and work out real and reliable assessment

conclusion, so as to provide basis for environmental protection control and

environmental management.

1.4 Assessment Factors

See Table 1.4-1 for the assessment factors of the project.

Table 1.4-1 Environmental Assessment Factors

Item Current Condition Assessment

Factors

Factors Impacted Assessment

(Analysis)

Total Amount

Control Factors

Atmosphere SO2, NO2, PM10, NH3, H2S, HCl,

fluoride, CO, Pb, Cd, dioxin

HCl, HF, PM10, SO2, NOx, CO,

Cd, Pb, Hg, dioxins, NH3, H2S

Dust, SO2, NO2, HCl,

HF, CO, Cd, Pb, Hg,

dioxins

Surface

Water

pH, COD, DO, ammonia nitrogen,

SS, total phosphorus, oil type - -

Groundwater

pH, permanganate index, ammonia

nitrogen, Cr6+

, Cd, Hg, Pb, total

escherichia coli, nitrite nitrogen,

fluoride, total hardness

- -

Noise Equivalent sound level Ld(A) -

Soil

pH, cadmium, mercury, arsenic,

copper, lead, chromium, zinc, nickel,

dioxin

- -

Ecology Plant, farmland ecology -

Solid Wastes Output, utilization amount, disposal amount of industrial solid wastes

Discharge amount of

industrial solid

wastes


11

1.5 Assessment Grade

1.5.1 Assessment Grade of Environment and Air

According to the analysis results of preliminary engineering, the main

atmosphere pollutants of the project include NOx, SO2, HCl, etc. In accordance with

the requirements of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment-

Atmospheric Environment (HJ2.2-2008), it is required to choose estimation pattern to

classify the atmospheric environment assessment of the project, individually calculate

the standard rate of maximum ground level concentration Pi for all pollutants, the

longest distance D10% corresponding to that when ground level concentration reaches

10% of standard limit value, see Table 1.5-1 for the calculation results of main

pollutants.

The results are calculated according to the estimation pattern. Pmax, fly ash

solidification in-organization, is 20.16%; the biggest D10% appears at 803.66m.

According to assessment grading criteria (Table 1.5-2), the assessment grade of this

project is Level . It is stipulated in Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact

Assessment- Atmospheric Environment (HJ2.2-2008) that “it shall be not less than

Level for the special items with its discharged pollutant having serious hazard to

human health or ecological environment”. Therefore, the atmosphere assessment

grade of this project is defined as Level . To assess the impacts of the project on

Mudu Town, the assessment range takes the range with the center of project exhaust

funnel and the radius of 3 km.

Table 1.5-1 Calculation Result Sheet of Estimation Pattern

Pollution

Source Pollutant

Maximum

Concentration

of Downwind

Direction

[ug/m3]

Appearance

Distance of

Maximum

Concentration

[m]

Assessment

Standard

[ug/m3]

Standard Rate

of Maximum

Ground

Concentration

[%]

D10% [m]

Recommended

Assessment

Grade

Incinerator

Dust 1.43 1,000.0 450.00 .32

SO2 1.43 1,000.0 500.00 .29

NO2 23.11 1,005.0 240.00 9.63

HCl 0.73 1,005.0 50.00 1.46

HF 0.14 1,000.0 20.00 .70

Pb 0.07 1,005.0 10.70 .66

Hg 0.01 1,005.0 .90 .78


12

Cd 0.01 1,005.0 10.00 .07

Dioxin 0.00 1,000.0 .00 .29

Refuse Chute Ammonia 5.24 123.0 200.00 2.62

H2S 0.61 123.0 10.00 6.07

Fly Ash

Solidification pm10 90.73 96.0 450.00 20.16 803.66

Table 1.5-2 Assessment Grade

Assessment Grade Criterion of Assessment Grade

Level Pmax ≥ 80%, and D10% ≥ 5km

Level Others

Level Pmax < 10%, or D10% < the closest distance of pollution source

from boundary of factory

1.5.2 Surface Water Environment Assessment Grade

With respect to industrial waste water recycling, only the pipe of domestic

sewage is connected to new sewage treatment plant. According to the relevant

provisions of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (Surface

Water) (HJ/T2.3-93), the water assessment grade is brief analysis.

1.5.3 Noise Assessment Grade

The quality standard for noise of the region where the project is located

implements the Level standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Noise

(GB3096-2008). Through forecasting, the added value of the noise at the boundary of

the factory is less than 3dB (A), thus the quality standard for noise of the project is

defined as Level , according to the requirements of Technical Guidelines for

Environmental Impact Assessment (HJ2.4-2009).

1.5.4 Groundwater Environment Assessment Grade

The construction project belongs to I project that may cause pollution to

groundwater. According to Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact

Assessment HJ610-2011, it is required to make sure the assessment and range of

groundwater by selecting aeration zone antifouling property, vulnerable water-bearing

bed, sensitivity of groundwater environment, sewage quantity and complexity of


13

sewage quality. In accordance with Table 6 and Table 12 of Technical Guidelines for

Environmental Impact Assessment HJ610-2011, the groundwater environmental

impact grade of this project is Level and the assessment range is the round area

with the project as the center and the radius of 6km. The assessment indicator and

assessment standard of all items are showed in the following tables:

Table 1.5-3 Aeration Zone Antifouling Property Grade

Grade Penetrability of aeration zone rock (soil)

Strong The thickness of single rock (soil) bed of Mb ≥ 1.0m, coefficient of permeability of k

10-7

cm/s, continuous and stable distribution

Middle

The thickness of single rock (soil) bed of 0.5m Mb 1.0m, coefficient of permeability

of k 10-7


The thickness of single rock (soil) bed of Mb≥1.0m, coefficient of permeability of

10-7

cm/s k 10-4


Weak Rock and soil bed fail to meet the conditions of the above “strong” or “middle”

Note: The “rock (soil) bed” refers to the first rock (soil) bed under the underground

base of the construction project; the coefficient of permeability of aeration zone rock

(soil) bed refers to the coefficient of permeability of aeration zone rock soil when it is

saturated.

Table 1.5-4 Grade of Vulnerable Water-bearing Bed of Construction Project

Grade Position of the project site and vulnerable water-bearing bed property

Easy

The area with strong coefficient of permeability of unconfined aquifer and aeration

zone rock property (for instance, sand and gravel); area that has close relationship with

groundwater and surface water; area that goes against dilution and self-purification of

pollutant in groundwater

Middle Area with multiple water-bearing bed system and close relationship of water power

between beds

Difficult Other areas beyond the above situation

Table 1.5-5 Sensitivity of Groundwater Environment

Grade Groundwater environment property of the project site

Sensitive Quasi conservation area of centralized model drinking water source field (including the

built water source field under operation, for backup or emergence, as well as water source


14

field under construction and planning); other conservation areas relating to groundwater

set by national or local government beyond centralized model drinking water source field,

like special groundwater resource conservation area such as hot water, mineral water and

warm spring

More

Sensitive

Supply runoff area beyond quasi conservation area of centralized model drinking water

source field (including the built water source field under operation, for backup or

emergence, as well as water source field under construction and planning); distribution

area beyond special groundwater resource (for instance, mineral water, warm spring, etc.)

conservation area, as well as the environmental sensitivity areas that are not listed in the

above sensitivity grade

Insensitive Other areas beyond the above areas

Note: 1. The “environmental sensitivity area” in the table refers to the environmental

sensitivity area relating to groundwater defined in Classification Catalogue for

Environment Impact Assessment of Construction Project. 2. in case the water-bearing

bed (water-bearing system) is located at the boundary of supply area or runoff area

and discharge area; the sensitivity grade shall be upgrade by one level.

Table 1.5-6 Sewage Quantity Grand

Grade Total Amount of Sewage Discharge (m3/d)

Large 10,000

Middle 1,000~10,000

Small 1,000

Table 1.5-7 Complexity of Sewage Quality

Complexity of Sewage

Quality Grade Type of Pollutant Sewage Quality Indicator

Complex Type of Pollutant 2 Quality Indicator That Needs Predict

6

Middle

Type of Pollutant 2 Quality Indicator That Needs

Predict<6

Type of Pollutant=1 Quality Indicator That Needs Predict

6

Simple Type of Pollutant=1 Quality Indicator That Needs

Predict<6

In accordance with the engineering investigation report and hydrogeology survey

of the area where the project is located, the indicator assessment results of the project


15

are showed in Table 1.5-8.

Table 1.5-8 Single Indicator Assessment Grade Table

Assessment

Indicator

Aeration Zone

Antifouling

Property

Vulnerable

Water-bearing

Bed

Sensitivity of

Groundwater

Environment

Sewage

Quantity

Complexity of

Sewage Quality

Assessment

Result

Bed rock (the

thickness of

single rock

(soil) bed of

Mb≥1.0m,

coefficient of

permeability

of k

10-7

cm/s,

continuous

and stable

distribution)

Other areas

beyond the

above

situation

Other areas

beyond the

above areas

600

1,000

Type of pollutant

2, quality

indicator that

needs predict

6

Assessment

Grade Strong Difficult Insensitive Small Complex

1.5.5 Ecological Environmental Impact Assessment Grade

Since this project has little impact range, ecological impact and change degree,

the major ecological impacts are analyzed briefly.

1.5.6 Risk Assessment Grade

This project is a domestic waste Waste-to-Energy project, which does not belong

to toxic, combustible and explosive substances, with the risk assessment of Level ,

according to the judgment basis of assessment grade. Please see the section of risk

assessment for details.

1.6 Assessment Range

(1) Assessment Range of Air

It is a circle range with the funnel of the proposed site of the project as center and

a radius of 3km.


16

The analysis range of garbage repository in-organization stinky impact covers an

area within 500m of garbage repository.

(2) Assessment Range of Surface Water

It covers an area within 10km of the upstream and downstream of outlet of

sewage treatment plant in new area.

(3) Assessment Range of Noise

It covers an area within 200m of and beyond the proposed project plant.

(4) Assessment Range of Groundwater

It is a circle region with the project as center and a radius of 6km.

(5) Assessment Range of Ecological Environment

It covers an area within 200m of and beyond the proposed project plant.

(6) Assessment Range of Risk

It covers an area within 3km from risk source.

1.7 Object of Environment Sensitivity Protection

See Table1.7-1 Table 1.7-3, Figure1.7-1 Figure 1.7-2 for object of environment

sensitivity protection and see Figure 4.3-1 for the overview of surrounding

environment of the project. No garbage transportation line is added in this extension

project. Most of the existing transportation roads are the main roads of the city, not

going through concentration residential district.

Table 1.7-1 Object of Environmental Protection

Environmental

Factor

Name of Environmental

Protection Object Position Distance (m) Scale

Environment

Function Remarks

Air

Environment

Mudu Town (Ancient

Town Area) WNW 2,600-6,300

200,000

people

Level of

GB3095-1996

Original Gusu Village W 2,000

3,600

household

Now they

are

merged

as Gusu

Village

Qizi District of Gusu

Village N 1,200

20

household

Fenghuang District of

Gusu Village SW 1,650

3,100

household

Suzhou University of

Science and Technology E 2,300

7,500

people


17

Environmental

Factor


Protection Object Position Distance (m) Scale

Environment

Function Remarks

Renji Nursing Home N 750 20 beds

Shangfangshan Forest

Park SE 1,600 5.002 km

2

Noise Boundary of Factory — — —

Class of

GB3096-93

Surface Water Xujiang River N 1,500 —

Class of

GB3838-2002

Jiangnan Canal NE 5,000 — Class

Table 1.7-2 Object List of Important Ecological Environmental Protection

S.N. Name Leading Ecological Function

1 Mudu Landscape and Famous

Scenery

Protection of Natural and Humanistic

Landscape

2 Qizishan Ecological Public

Welfare Forest

Water Conservation and Protection of

Biological Diversity

Table 1.7-3 Object List of Water Environmental Protection along Garbage

Transportation Line

Number Protection Object Scale Function

1 Jiangnan Canal Medium-sized Industrial Water, Agricultural

Water, Class

2 Xujiang River Medium-sized Industrial Water, Agricultural

Water, Class

1.8 Assessment Standard

1.8.1 Environment Quality Standard

(1) Ambient air quality standard

It is required to execute the Level standard and its modification list of

Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96) for SO2, NO2, TSP, PM10, CO, fluoride

and Pb; the “maximum allowed concentration of harmful materials in the air of

residual district” of Hygienic Standards for the Design of Industrial Enterprises

(TJ36-79) shall be executed for such special pollution factors as HCl, NH3, H2S and

Hg; the environment standard of former Yugoslavia shall be referred to for Cd; the


18

environment standard of Japan shall be referred to for the dioxin in the air. See Table

1.8-1 and table 1.8-2 for its standards.

Table 1.8-1 Ambient Air Quality Standard

Pollutant Time of Value

Taking

Limit Value of

Concentration

(mg/m3)

Standard Source

SO2

Annual Average 0.06

Level Standard of Ambient

Air Quality Standard

(GB3095-1996)

Daily Average 0.15

Hour Average 0.50

PM10 Annual Average 0.10

Daily Average 0.15

TSP Annual Average 0.20

Daily Average 0.30

NO2

Annual Average 0.08

Daily Average 0.12

Hour Average 0.24

CO Daily Average 4

Hour Average 10

Fluoride Daily Average 7 μg/m3

Hour Average 20 μg/m3

Pb

Annual Average 1.0 μg/m3

Seasonal Average 1.5 μg/m3

Daily Average* 3.5 μg/m3

Hour Average * 10.7 μg/m3

Hg Daily Average 0.0003

Hygienic Standards for the

Design of Industrial Enterprises

(TJ36-79)

Hour Average* 0.0009

NH3 Once 0.20

H2S Once 0.01

HCl Once 0.05

Daily Average 0.015

Cd Once 0.01 Standard of Yugoslavia

Daily Average 0.003

Dioxins

Annual Average 0.6 pg/m3

Environment Standard

formulated by Central

Environmental Commission of

Japan EPA

Daily Average* 1.65 pg/m3

Once* 5 pg/m3

* The standard for the hour average concentration of Pb, Hg and dioxins shall be

calculated by the proportion of once sampling daily average, seasonal average and

annual average of 1 0.33 0.14 0.12, the once concentration standard for Pb, Hg and

dioxins shall be taken as 0.0107mg/m3, 0.0009mg/m

3 and 5pg/m

3.


19

Table 1.8-2 Limit Value for the Concentration of Sulfur Dioxide and

Fluoride for Protecting Corps

Pollutant Sensitivity

of Corps

Seasonal

Average

Concentration

Growth

Daily

Average

Concentration

Any

One

Time

Type of Corps

Sulfur

Dioxide

mg/m3

Sensitive

Corps 0.05 0.15 0.50

Winter wheat, spring wheat, barley, buckwheat,

soybean, sugar beet, sesame, rape, green

vegetable, Chinese cabbage, lettuce, cucumber,

pumpkin, courgette, potato, apple, pear, grape,

alfalfa, clover, cocksfoot and ryegrass

Medium

Sensitive

Corps

0.08 0.25 0.70

Rice, corn, oat, sorghum, cotton, tobacco,

tomato, eggplant, carrot, peach, apricot, plum,

orange and cherry

Resistant

Corps 0.12 0.30 0.80

Broad bean, rape, sunflower, cabbage, taro,

strawberry

Fluoride

μg/dm2.d

Sensitive

Corps 1.0 5.0

Winter wheat, peanut, cabbage, pea bean, apple,

pear, peach, apricot, plum, grape, strawberry,

cherry, white mulberry, alfalfa, ryegrass and

cocksfoot

Medium

Sensitive

Corps

2.0 10.0

Barley, rice, corn, sorghum, soybean, Chinese

cabbage, leaf mustard, cauliflower, orange and

clover

Resistant

Corps 4.5 15.0

Sunflower, cotton, tea, fennel, tomato, eggplant,

hot pepper and potato

Basis Maximum Allowable Concentration of Pollutants in Atmosphere for Protection Crops

GB9137-1988 Level

(2) According to Jiangsu Surface Water (Environment) Function

Regionalization, among the relevant river channel, water body near the engineering,

XuJiang River (from Mudu ship lock to Jiangnan Canal) belongs to Class water

body, Jiangnan Canal (Suzhou) belongs to Class water body, and the and

standards in Table 1 of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water

(GB3838—2002).


20

Table 1.8-3 Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water Unit: mg/L

Item Class Standard Class IV Standard Basis

pH 6~9

Table 1 of Environmental Quality

Standards for Surface Water

(GB3838—2002)

DO ≥5 ≥3

COD ≤20 ≤30

Permanganate

Index ≤6 ≤10

BOD5 ≤4 ≤6

Ammonia

Nitrogen ≤1.0 ≤1.5

Total Phosphorus ≤0.2 ≤0.3

Petroleum ≤0.05 ≤0.5

Chloride ≤250

Table 2 of Environmental Quality

Standards for Surface Water

(GB3838—2002)

SS※

≤30 ≤60

Level and Level of

Environmental Quality Standards for

Surface Water Resources (SL63-94)

(3) The Class 3 standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Noise

(GB3096-2008) shall be executed for noise.

Table1.8-4 Environmental Quality Standard for Noise Unit: dB (A)

Type Daytime Nighttime

Class 3 Region 65 55

Basis Environmental Quality Standard for Noise (GB3096-2008)

(4) The Class standard of Quality Standard for Ground Water

(GB/T14848-93) shall be executed for groundwater.

Table 1.8-5 Quality Standards for Ground Water

Unit: mg/L (Exclusive of pH)

Item pH Permanganate

Index

Total

Hardness

Ammonia

Nitrogen

Hexavalent

Chromium

Total

Cadmium

Class

Standard Value 6.5~8.5 3.0 450 0.2 0.05 0.01

Item Mercury Lead Total Nitrite Fluoride Chloride


21

Item pH Permanganate

Index

Total

Hardness

Ammonia

Nitrogen

Hexavalent

Chromium

Total

Cadmium

Escherichia

Coli

Nitrogen

Class

Standard Value 0.001 0.05 3.0 0.02 1.0 250

Basis Quality Standard for Ground Water (GB/T14848-93)

(5) The Class standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soils

(GB15618-1995) shall be executed for soil.

Table 1.8-6 Environmental Quality Standards for Soils

Unit: mg/kg (Exclusive of pH)

pH Value Cadmium Mercury

Arsenic

(Paddy

Field)

Lead Nickel

Chromium

(Paddy

Field)

Zinc Copper

(Farmland)

<6.5 0.3 0.3 30 250 40 250 200 50

6.5-7.5 0.3 0.5 25 300 50 300 250 100

>7.5 0.6 1.0 20 350 60 350 300 100

Basis Class Standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB15618-1995)

1.8.2 Pollutant Discharge Standard

(1) Waste Gas

Technical Indicator for Index

Table 1 standard of Standard for Pollution Control on the household garbage

Incineration (GB18485-2001) shall be executed for technical indicator for index. See

Table 1.8-7 for specific index.

Table 1.8-7 Technical Performance Index for Incinerator

Item Temperature of

Incinerator ℃

Smoke Residence

Times

Oxygen Content of Smoke at

the Outlet of Incinerator %

Heat Scorching

Reduction Rate of

Incinerator Slag %

Index ≥850 ≥2

6-12 ≤5 ≥1,000 ≥1

Technical Requirements for Chimney of Incinerator


22

The height of the chimney of incinerator shall be determined according to the

requirements of environmental impact assessment, but not lower than the height

stipulated in Table 1.8-8. The total capacity of daily garbage incineration of single

incinerator is 500t and the height of chimney is 80m, which meet the requirements of

standard.

Table 1.8-8 Requirements for the Height of Chimney of Incinerator

Treatment Quantity (t/d) <100 100～300 >300

Minimum Allowed Height of

Chimney (m) 25 40 60

Note: In case there are several garbage incinerators simultaneously in a

factory, the total treatment quantity of all incinerators shall be the assessment basis.

In case there are buildings within a radius of 200m around the chimney of

incinerator, the height of chimney shall be higher than the highest building by more

than 3m. For the chimney that fails to reach the requirement, its limit value of air

pollutant discharge shall be executed by the 50% stricter than the limit value

stipulated in Table 2.5.3-2. For the domestic waste incineration plant composed

by several incinerators, the smoke shall be concentrated to a chimney to discharge or

applied by multi-tube concentration discharge. The chimney or gas flue of

incinerator shall be set permanent sampling hole and installed with sampling

monitoring platform according to the requirements of GB/T16157-1996.

Air Pollutant Discharge Standard

In accordance with the environment assessment and reply of Phase

engineering, the pollutant of domestic waste incineration smoke shall execute the

requirements of EU 92 Standard on the basis of meeting Standard for Pollution

Control on the Household Garbage Incineration (GB18485-2001), and CO and

dioxin shall refer to EU 2000 Standard (DIRECTIVE 2000/76/EC), see the black part

of Table 1.8-9.

The discharge of odor pollutants at the boundary of factory shall execute the

Level standard of newly built extension project in the boundary standard value of

odor pollutant of Emission Standards for Odor Pollutants (GB14554 93), see Table

1.8-10.


23

Table 1.8-9 Air Pollutant Discharge Standards for Domestic Waste

Incineration

S.N. Pollutant

Meaning of

Number

Value

GB18485-2001

mg/m3

Meaning of

Number

Value

EU 92 mg/m3

EU 2000

mg/m3

1

Blackness

of Gas

Measured

Value

Ringelmann

Level 1

Measured

Value

Ringelmann

Level 1

Ringelmann

Level 1

2

Smoke

Dust

Average

Measured

Value

50

Average

Measured

Value 30 10

3 SO2 Average

Hour Value 260

Average Day

Value 300 50

4 NOx Average

Hour Value 400

Average Day

Value / 200

5 CO Average

Hour Value 150

Average Day

Value 100 50

6 HCl Average

Hour Value 75

Average Day

Value 50 10

7 Hg

Average

Measured

Value

0.2

Average

Measured

Value

0.1 0.05

8 Cd

Average

Measured

Value

0.1

Average

Measured

Value

0.1 0.05

9 Pb

Average

Measured

Value

1.6

Average

Measured

Value

/ 0.5

10 dioxins

Average

Measured

Value

1TEQng/m3

Average

Measured

Value

0.1TEQng/m3 0.1TEQng/m

3

11 HF

Average

Measured

Value

/

Average

Measured

Value

2 1

Table 1.8-10 Factory Boundary Standard Value of Odor Pollutants

S.N. Pollutant Limit Value of Concentration, mg/m3


24

S.N. Pollutant Limit Value of Concentration, mg/m3

1 NH3 1.5

2 H2S 0.06

3 Odor Concentration 20 (Non-dimensional)

(2) Waste Water

A small amount of garbage leachate of this engineering spray back to incinerator,

the rest shall be used to recycle cooling water after pre-treatment by supporting

leachate treatment plant and reaching the standard of water supply for open recycling

cooling water of The Reuse of Urban Recycling Water--Water Quality Standard for

Industrial Uses (GB/T19923-2005). See Table 1.8-11 for the standard of reuse water.

Table 1.8-11 Limit Value of Industrial Reuse Water

Name of Pollutant Standard Value (Unit: mg/L, pH

non-dimensional) Standard Source

pH 6.5-8.5

Water supply for open

recycling cooling water of The

Reuse of Urban Recycling

Water--Water Quality Standard

for Industrial Uses

(GB/T19923-2005)

COD ≤60

BOD ≤10

Chlorine ion ≤250

Ammonia Nitrogen

(Calculated by N) ≤10

Total Phosphorus

(Calculated by P) ≤1

The domestic sewage is taken over by Suzhou New District Sewage Treatment

Plant, executing the Class standard of Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard

GB8978-1996. The discharge of sewage plant shall execute Discharge Standard of

Main Water Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant & Key Industries of

Taihu Area (DB32/T1072-2007), and Class (A) standard of Discharge Standard of

Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002). See Table

1.8-12 for standards.

Table 1.8-12 Limit Value of Takeover and Discharge Standard for Waste

Water Pollutant


25

Name of

Pollutant

Standard Value (Unit: mg/L

pH non--dimensional) Standard Source

Takeover Standard Discharge Standard

pH 6~9

Takeover standard:

Integrated Wastewater

Discharge Standard

(GB8978-1996)

Discharge standard of tail

water of sewage plant:

Discharge Standard of Main

Water Pollutants for

Municipal Wastewater

Treatment Plant & Key

Industries of Taihu Area

(DB32/T1072-2007) and

Class (A) standard of

Discharge Standard of

Pollutants for Municipal

Wastewater Treatment Plant

(GB18918-2002)

COD ≤500 50

BOD ≤300 10

SS ≤400 10

Fluoride ≤20 /

Sulfide ≤1.0 1.0

TAs ≤0.5 0.1

THg ≤0.05 0.001

TCd ≤0.1 0.01

TPb ≤1.0 0.1

TCu ≤2.0 0.5

TCr/Cr6+

≤1.5/≤0.5 0.05

Ammonia

Nitrogen ≤35 5 8

Total Nitrogen / 15

Phosphate

(Calculated by P) ≤8 0.5

(3) Noise

The noise of factory boundary shall execute the corresponding standard limit

value in Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary

(GB12348-2008), see Table 1.8-13.

Table 1.8-13 Emission Standards for Industrial Enterprises Noise at

Boundary

Type Daytime (dB) Nighttime (dB)

3 65 55

Basin Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary

(GB12348-2008)

(4) Solid Waste

General solid waste shall execute Standard for Pollution on the Storage and

Disposal Site for General Solid Waste (GB18599-2001);


26

Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid Waste

(GB16889-2008);

Hazardous waste shall execute Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous

Waste Storage (GB18597-2001).

1.9 Process of Assessment

See Figure 1.9-1 for assessment technical route.


27

Figure 1.9-1 Flow Diagram of Environment Impact Assessment

Acceptance of Engagement

Field Investigation

Acceptance of Engagement

Preliminary Engineering Analysis Data Collection

Investigation and Assessment of Current Environmental Situation Implementing Environment Assessment

Na

tura

l an

d S

ocia

l

Investig

atio

n

Mo

nito

ring

of

Cu

rren

t Situ

atio

n

Determination of Protection Object

Engineering Analysis Analysis of Cleaner Production

Environment Impact Forecast and Assessment

Environment Impact Forecast and Assessment during Production Period

Environment Impact Forecast and Assessment during Construction Period

Environmental Impact Assessment for Ambient

Air

Environmental Impact Assessment

for Water

Assessment for Other Environmental Factors, such as Noise and Solid

Waste

Risk Analysis Assessment

Assessment for Pollution Prevention and Control Measures

Compliance Analysis of Industrial Policy

Feasibility Analysis of Project Site Selection

Control of Total Amount of Pollutant

Environmental Economic Cost-benefit Analysis

Public Participation

Environment Monitoring and Management Plan

Comprehensive Analysis

Review and Modification of Report

Compiling Environment Impact Report


28

2 Environment Overview

2.1 Overview of Natural Environment

2.1.1 Geographical Position

Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. is located at the

south to Qizi village, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, 3# and 4

# cols at the north side of

Qizishan Mountain, with the geographic coordinates of 120°31′E and 31°15′N, under

the jurisdiction of Mudu Town, Wuzhong District, Suzhou. The site of the factory is

located at the south of Qizishan Mountain, 1.5 km north to Qizi village, 2km from

Xujiang River, 2.4 km from Sufu Road, 5.5 km from Mudu town, about 13 km from

Suzhou City, with convenient transportation. See Figure 2.1-1 for the geographical

position of the factory.

2.1.2 Geologic, Topographic and Morphologic Features

2.1.2.1 Geologic, Topographic and Morphologic Features of Suzhou

Suzhou is located at the composite part of Neocathaysian second giant uplift

zone and the east extension of Qinling mountains transmeridional complex structure

zone, with a complex structure. The fold formed by Indosinian movement is

dismemberented severely, destroyed by the fault block and magmatism of later period.

The structural patterns of the area include Cathaysian structure, East-west structure,

North-west structure, Nappe structure, Neocathaysian structure and arcuate structure.

The geological structure of Suzhou is formed in Proterozoic Era, belongs to

south China platform, composed by limestone, sandstone and quartzite. Most of the

surface is piled by the loose deposit layer of Cenozoic Quaternary, with the thickness

of several hundred meters generally.

The urban area of Suzhou is alluvial plain, the previous Quaternary stratum is

underdeveloped, and the widely distributed stratum is Maoshan Group and Wutong

Formation quartz sandstone and sandshale. The deposit conditions of eastern plain

and quaternary deposit of western bedrock intermountain depression are entirely

different, and they belong to two deposit units. In the eastern plain, the Quaternary

stratum is deeply covered, while that in the western plain is exposed to the surface.


29

The urban area of Suzhou is close to mountain and lake. The topography of its

western part is high and flat and hills, such as Tianping Mountain, Lingyan Mountain,

are located at the southwest of the suburban; the eastern part of the city is low, with

lakes, such as Yangdeng Lake, Jinji Lake and Zhantai Lake. The elevation of the town

is 4.2~5.2m and that of outskirts is about 3.8m (the elevation of Wusong).

2.1.2.2 Geologic, Topographic and Morphologic Features of Site Area

The site of the project is located as the deluvial layer in front of mountain at the

east of Wanlv Mountain, with flat terrain. The lower stratum is Quaternary system

silty clay, angular gravel; gravel interlayer and quartzite of Devonian system middle

lower Maoshan Group. See the following table for the geological structure.

Stratum Features

Quaternary

strata

Silty clay layer

Gray yellow, yellow brown, plastic and stiff-plastic, angular

gravel and gravel are found in some parts, density, with the base

bearing force standard of 150~250kPa.

Angular gravel,

gravel layer

Mixed color, angular, big and small ones, with the composites of

quartz sandstone and muddy siltstone, filled by silty soil, silty

clay, with the base bearing force standard of 200~300kPa.

Devonian

system

stratum

quartz sandstone

Quartzite of

middle lower

Maoshan Group

The upper part is intensive weathered layer, gray yellow, brick

red, weathered into block, with the thickness of 1-4m; the lower

part is medium, slight weathered, gray yellow, gray white, fine

granted structure, middle thick structure, silicon shale

cementation, slity sandstone and mudstone are found in some

parts. The buried depth of roof of bedrock is between 5 to 15

meters.

Comprehensive analysis assessment is done based on the Investigation Report on

Suzhou Qizishan Landfill Site that there is no such adverse geologic phenomena as

activity fault going through and landslip, and regional structure has no impact on the

stability of the site of the factory.

2.1.2.3 Geological Overview of Fly Ash Landfill

The existing engineering fly ash is transported to Everbright Environmental

Protection (Suzhou) Solid Waste Disposal Co., Ltd. to be solidified and buried.

“Suzhou Solid Waste Landfill Site” of Everbright Environmental Protection


30

(Suzhou) Solid Waste Disposal Co., Ltd. is the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” pollution

prevention and control project of Taihu Basin approved by the State Council, for

which Suzhou municipal government have implemented public investment and

approve it as the only Landfill site for solid hazardous waste in Suzhou. This

hazardous solid waste Landfill site is located at the east of this project, at the 3# and

4# cols of the north side of Qizishan Mountain, and the site area belongs to hilly

region, with the hilly mountain belonging to Qizishan Mountain. The mountain

sweeps in a curve and the cross valley at the north side of its main peak develops, and

1# to 5# cols are parallel to each other in pinniform. The site is located at the

southeastern wing of Mudu syncline, taking on the landform of being ringed on three

sides by mountains and valleys in the middle, along the main peak of Qizishan

Mountain at the south, extension mountain ridge at east and west sides, forming

independent geographic and geomorphic unit. The area of catchment is about 0.6km2.

The elevation of the main peak of Qizishan Mountain is 274.4m, the elevation of

ridge lines at both sides range from 20 to 150m, and that of the bottom of trench is

between 10 and 30m. The stratum of the site area is Devonian system middle lower

Maoshan Group and Quaternary slide rock—slope deluvial stratum. The bedrock is

composed by Devonian system middle lower Maoshan Group quartz sandstone and

muddy slity sandstone. The upper part is covered by Quaternary slide rock-- slope

deluvial deposit sediments with different thicknesses. Quaternary cover layer mainly

distributes in col, as well as the mountain slope. The plain beyond the site is

Quaternary alluvial layer.

2.1.3 Climatic Features

Located at the middle of Taihu Lake water system in the southeast of Yangtze

River Delta, Suzhou area belongs to northern subtropical monsoon climate, four

seasons, sufficient heat, plentiful rainfall, hot rainy season and long frost free season.

Commonly, spring is from March to May, summer is between June and August,

autumn is from September to November, and winter is between December to next

February, longer winter and summer and shorter spring and autumn. The annual

average temperature is 15.7℃, with the highest temperature of 39.3℃ and the lowest

temperature of -9.8℃. The average annual rainfall is 1,094mm, with the highest

rainfall of 1,783mm and the lowest rainfall of 604mm, and the annual average rainfall


31

day is 130d, with the rainfall period concentrating from June to September, and the

rainfall of June accounts for 15% of annual rainfall. The annual average foggy day is

25d, with the annual average sunshine duration of 1,996h, annual average evaporation

capacity of 1,291mm annual average relative humidity of 80%. The annual average

wind speed is 4.6m/s, the biggest wind speed in 30 years is 28m/s, and most wind

directions are SE wind, followed by NNE; northwest wind is common in winter and

southeast wind is common in summer. See Table 2.1-1 for main climatic features.

Table 2.1-1 List of Suzhou Year-round Climate Features

Meteorological Elements Value Meteorological Elements Value

Temperature

Annual Average

Temperature 15.7℃

Rainfall

Annual Average

Rainfall 1094mm

Extremely

Highest

Temperature

39.3℃ Maximum

Annual Rainfall 1783mm

Extremely

Lowest

Temperature

-9.8℃ Minimum Annual

Rainfall 604mm

Wind Speed

Annual Average

Wind Speed 4.6m/s Annual Average Rainfall Day

Biggest Wind

Speed in History 28m/s Annual Average Foggy Day

Wind

Direction

Year-round

Commonest Wind

Direction

SE

Annual Average Sunshine

Duration

Secondary

Prevailing Wind

Direction

NNE

Annual Average Evaporation

Capacity

Prevailing Wind

Direction in

summer

SE

Annual Average Relative

Humidity

2.1.4 Hydrological Condition

2.1.4.1Land Hydrology

Suzhou is a city rich in water resource, with a large amount of lakes and rivers.

The lakes include Taihu Lake, Yangdeng Lake, Kuncheng Lake and Dianshan Lake,

and rivers include Jiangnan Canal, Wangyu River, Xujiang River, Loujiang River and

Taipu River, with water area of 1,950km2, among which that of lakes is 1,825.83km

2

(the water area of Taihu Lake is about 1,600km2), accounting for 93.61%; there are 22


32

backbone rivers, 212km long, with the area of 34.38km2, accounting for 1.76%; the

area of ditches is 44.32km2, accounting for 2.27%; the area of ponds is 46.00km

2,

accounting for 2.36%.

The main functions of Jiangnan Canal include shipping, agricultural irrigation,

flood discharge and industrial water; the water of rivers flow from west to east, from

north to south, with the average flow rate of 32.5m3/s, monthly low water flow of

20m3/s; the average flow rate is 0.14m/s; the water quality goal of functional

regionalization is Class IV water body.

Xujiang River originates from the water outlet of Taihu Lake, goes through

Xukou Town, Mudu Town and Xikuatang Industrial Park, and separates into two

branches near Hengtang, with the southern branch going through Shi Lake channel

flowing into Shi Lake near Yuecheng Bridge and the eastern branch flowing into new

canal. The two branches converge at Baodai Bridge and old canal. The Xujiang River

is 12km long (from Xukou to Wufu Bridge). During the period of water pouring, the

water quality of Xujiang River is good, flowing from west to east. During the period

of back flow, its water quality becomes worse, affected by Suzhou moat and Jiangnan

Canal with poor water quality. According to observation data, the times of backflow

for Xujiang River are about 30d a year.

Ponds and pits scatter all over the site like stars in the sky, some have perennial

stagnant water. Qinglong Creek—creek developed among cross valleys, mainly

originates from the natural water outlets of No.1 col and No.4 col (the outcrops of

descending springs), flows into Xujiang River at the northeast of Qizi village, about

2km long and 2-3m wide, perennial streams. See Figure 2.1-2 for the regional water

system conditions.

2.1.4.2 Underground Hydrology

During the period of site selection for Phase engineering (2002-2003),

Engineering Prospecting Team of the Fourth Geological Brigade of Jiangsu Geology

and Mineral Bureau had implemented comprehensive investigation, and no obvious

geological activity has appeared in the site, therefore the geological investigation data

is suitable for the assessment of underground hydrology conditions. The results of this

investigation indicates that the underground hydrology and geological condition are

simple, and the site area is the landform of being ringed on three sides by mountains


33

and valleys in the middle, steep terrain, the flow direction of surface water is

consistent with that of shallow groundwater, i.e. collecting from the surround of the

site to the mountain, then discharging out of the area along west-northwest direction,

forming the independent geographic and geomorphic unit and hydrological unit with

single supply and discharge.

The bedrock of mountain is Devonian system middle lower Maoshan Group

quartz sandstone and muddy sandstone, with small permeability and water absorption,

better water-resisting layer, which can effectively prevent the groundwater of the site

from overflowing to neighbor col. Aquifer around project site, is bedrock fracture

aquifer, bear pressure partly, with the coefficient of permeability K of 0.003~0.031

m/d. Another aquifer is Quaternary void aquifer, which can be divided into two layers.

The upper layer is phreatic aquifer, occurring in the surface shallow stratum, with tiny

water content, and it has close relationship with surface water, directly supplied by

atmospheric precipitation. The lower layer is micro-confined aquifer, occurring in the

gravel layer (Q1), with the coefficient of permeability of 0.17~0.25m/d, supplied by

upper phreatic and bedrock void water.

The buried depth of groundwater of the site is 1~5m, and the type of

groundwater is heavy calcium carbonate type groundwater, which has no corrosivity

to concrete.

2.2 Overview of Social Economy

2.2.1 Administrative Division

Nowadays, Suzhou has seven districts, namely Canglang, Pingjiang, Jinchang,

Industrial Park District, High-tech Dirstrict (Huqiu), Wuzhong and Xiangcheng, and

five counties, namely Changshu, Zhangjiagang, Wujiang, Kunshan and Taicang, with

the regional area of 8,488.42 km2, 1,650 km

2 of which is urban area. See Table 2.2-1

for the land and population distribution of the whole city and its counties.

Table 2.2-1 Land and Population Distribution of the Whole City and Its

Counties

Region Land Area * km2

Population by the End of 2006

(Ten Thousand People)


34

Whole City 8,488.42 616.07

Urban Area 1,649.72 230.15

Zhangjiagang 772.40 88.78

Changshu 1,094.00 105.48

Taicang 620.00 46.14

Kunshan 864.90 66.68

Wujiang 1,092.90 78.84

* The land area without that of large lakes of the city or its counties

Covering an area of 672 km2, Wuzhong District has 8 streets and 7 towns,

namely, Changqiao Street, Yuexi Street, Guoxiang Street, Hengjing Street, Xiangshan

Street, Suyuan Street, Longxi Street, Chengnan Street, Luzhi Town, Mudu Town,

Xukou Town, Dongshan Town, Guangfu Town, Xishan Town and Linhu Town.

As the important economy town, Mudu Town has powerful economic strength.

The maximum distance of the town from east to west is 7.35 km and that from south

to north is 8.9 km, with the total area of 34.05 km2. The town is located in the east to

the southwestern outskirt of Suzhou, south to Hengjing Town and Yuexi Town, west

to Xukou Town and Zangshu Town, north to Fengqiao Town and Suzhou National

High-tech Development Zone. In 1985, Mudu Town was listed as the tourism open

town of Suxichang Economic Development Zone in Yangtze River Delta, Suzhou

industrial satellite town and is awarded “Civilization Unit” of Jiangsu Province for

many years. It also ranked the ninth of the top 100 towns with strong comprehensive

strength in rural areas of Jiangsu Province and has ranked among modernization

sample town, nationwide billion town and China top 100 towns. In 2007, replied by

Jiangsu government Reply [2007] No. 64 of Jiangsu Province, Wuzhong District was

allowed to allocate Shanrenqiao neighborhood committee of Xukou Town, four

village committees, namely Zangdong, Zangzhong, Zangbei and Zangxi village

committees, to Mudu Town. After the adjustment of administrative division, the area

of administrative region of Mudu Town is 70.3 km2, with the population of 80,000,

governing 8 neighborhood committees and 10 village committees.

2.2.2 Social Economy

In 2010, the economy of Suzhou developed smoothly: the city had accomplished

regional production value of RMB 482.03 billion, an increase of 15.5% over the


35

previous year calculated by comparable price; general local budget revenue is RMB

40.02 billion, with an increase of 26.3%; the fixed assets investment of the whole

society is RMB 210.7 billion, with an increase of 12.7%. It cultivated and expanded

leading industries, such as high-quality grain and oil, characteristic aquatic product,

efficient gardening and ecological forestry, carried out high-quality production,

standardization management and industrialization operation, and realized agriculture

capacity and efficiency increasing. It also enhanced quality construction for

agricultural products and safety supervision, newly built 35 pollution-free agricultural

production origins, increased 35 pollution-free agricultural products, 188 kinds of

green food and 4 kinds of organic food. The establishment of agriculture insurance

system improved the risk resistance ability of agriculture. The total output of grain

reached 1.235 million tons, with an increase of 11.5%. The grain production base

outside of the city was consolidated continuously and the level of grain storage was

promoted greatly. The relocation and expansion project of Suzhou grain wholesale

market was accomplished as scheduled, thus the grain wholesale market system was

established comprehensively.

Industrial economy develops healthily, with the total output reaching RMB 1,530

billion, an increase of 26.3%; the main business income of above-scale enterprises

increases 24.5%, realizing the increase of profit and taxes of 35%; the output value of

high-tech products accounts for 32% of the industrial output value of above-scale

enterprises, with an increase of 0.9% over the previous year; various distinctive

industrial bases are built and the agglomeration degree of manufacturing industry

increases continuously. The increase speed of service industry is accelerated, and

finishes added value of RMB 157.4 billion, with an increase of 15.7%, an increase of

1.5% in the proportion of total regional production value. Urban and city markets are

flourishing, with the retail total sales of consumer goods increasing 16.6%.

The cargo handling capacity of Suzhou Port reaches 150 million tons and the

traffic volume of containers reaches 1,240 thousand standard containers, respectively

increasing 26.6% and 65.1%. The establishment of financial ecology gets

achievement, the loan balance of domestic and foreign currency of financial

institutions at the end of the year increase 23.1% and 25.2% respectively than that at

the beginning of the year. The premium income of the whole year increases 11.5%

and the turnover increases by 2 times. The development of new tourism product and

market development are intensified and the accepted domestic and foreign tourists


36

respectively increase 13% and 16.3%, with the gross income of tourism increasing

21.5%. Conference and exhibition industry presents good developmental momentum

and Suzhou Electronic Manufacturer Exposition becomes the largest professional

exhibition for electronic information in China. The scale of commercial service,

community service, information service, soft ware and animation is expanded further.

2.3 Overview of Regional Master Plan and Environmental

Protection Plan

2.3.1 Current Master Planning

The current master plan of Suzhou is the Suzhou Urban Master Plan (1996-2010)

(hereinafter referred to as Master Plan (1996-2010)) approved by the State Council on

January 10, 2000. The chapter of environmental protection of Master Plan

(1996-2010) defines that domestic waste of Suzhou shall be finally disposed in

Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site and it is required to realize the development direction of

source classification bagging collection, gradually translate from total content sanitary

landfill to the combination of landfill and incineration, finally incineration dominated.

With the rapid development of city of Suzhou and the acceleration of urban and

rural integration, Master Plan (1996-2010) cannot meet the demands for the current

situation and sustained, rapid and healthy development of Suzhou.

2.3.2 Revised Overview of Regional Master Plan and Environmental

Protection Plan

Since February of 2004, Suzhou had engaged itself in the revision of Master

Plan (1996-2010) and had finished Suzhou Urban Master Plan (2007-2020)

(hereinafter referred to as Master Plan (2007-2020)) this year, and had passed experts

argumentation on July 30, 2007.

2.3.2.1 Designated Function of the City

It is clearly defined in Master Plan (2007-2020) that to adapt the demand for

rapid, healthy and sustainable development, it is required to apply the development

strategy of “entering the west of Shanghai in the east, expanding Pingxiang in the

north, optimizing Songwu in the south and controlling Taihu Lake in the west,


37

centering the main city” and establish “green mountain, clear water and new paradise”

with the theme of harmonious society: i.e. developing Suzhou into world famous

historic and cultural city and scenic tourist city, national high and new technology

industry base, one of important center cities in Yangtze River Delta. See Figure 2.3-1

for the master Plan of the city.

2.3.2.2 Urban Function

World famous historic and cultural city and scenic tourist base, national high and

new technology industry base; secondary business, trade and logistics center in

Yangtze River Delta; one of innovation and Research & Development industry bases

in Yangtze River Delta; one of the most attractive places of residence in Yangtze River

Delta; municipal center of politics, economy and culture; municipal comprehensive

service center.

2.3.2.3 Urban Scale

In 2020, the population of central urban area is 3.5 million and the scale of

construction land is 373 km2, with the average urban construction land per person are

105m2/ person.

2.3.2.4 Environmental Protection

(1) Green Space System Plan at Central Urban Area

Ecological “repair” is one of important contents of Master Plan (2007-2020); the

Green Space System Plan at Central Urban Area is “one belt, three rings and five

wedges”:

One belt: the open space and green belt at the both sides of the Grand Canal.

Three rings: green ring along moat, green ring of the Grand Canal - Dushu Lake

- Jinji Lake - Yangcheng Lake - Shanghai-Nanning Expressway - Sanjiaozui and the

green ring of the periphery of central urban area.

Five wedges: based on the three-level green centers formed by Taihu Lake,

Yangcheng Lake and Jinji Lake, western green wedge composed by Dayang Mountain,

Tianping Mountain and Lingyan Mountain; the four-angle mountain and water green

wedge of the central city composed by northeastern Yangcheng Lake, southeastern

Cheng Lake, southwestern Shangfang Mountain, Shi Lake, nouthwestern Sanjiaozui


38

and Cao Lake.

Taihu Lake is the water source for many cities around the lake, and it is also

located at the upper stream of Taipu River, the water source of Shanghai, directly

affecting the ecological safety and urban safety of Yangtze River Delta; Taihu Lake is

located at the upper stream of Suzhou municipal water net and its water quality

directly affects the ecological environment quality of the municipal area of Suzhou; it

is also the regional green center and permanent open space of Yangtze River Delta,

the common ecological landscape resource of the area, how to protect it is the initial

problem to treat Taihu Lake. The “controlling Taihu Lake in the west” of Master Plan

(2007-2020) refers to implement step control in the area west to Taihu Lake, north to

Wang Pavilion, south to Xukou, east to Yang Mountain and the east foot of Tianping

Mountain, protect the ecological resource and natural and human resources at the east

bank of Taihu Lake, strictly control the construction of urbanization in the western

area, use good land for excellent use, and make every effort to create Taihu Lake- the

green core of Yangtze River Delta, into world famous place for tourism and holidays.

(2) Environment and Health Plan for Urban Area and Central Urban City and

Municipal Infrastructure Plan (Part)

Forecast of domestic waste amount: the total amount of domestic waste in urban

area from 2005 to 2020 is about 16.44 million tons and the daily amount of domestic

waste in urban area is 3,500 tons by the end of the plan.

Disposal method of domestic waste: recently, sanitary landfill is dominated

(accounting for 60%), supplemented by incineration treatment (accounting for 40%);

for a long run, incineration treatment is dominated (accounting for 70%),

supplemented by landfill (accounting for 30%).

Site selection and construction of sanitation facilities: based on forecast, at the

end of planning period, the daily amount of domestic waste in urban area will reach

3,500 tons, and the total amount of domestic waste will exceed 16 million tons in the

next 15 years; however, the rest landfill capacity of Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site is

just about 2 million tons, and it is badly in need of new garbage disposal site. Since

the particularity of the construction of garbage disposal plant, there are many

influence factors for site selection, which need municipal government to define on the

basis of comprehensive consideration on various influence factors. As Qizishan

Refuse Landfill Site is used recently, the feasibility of expansion shall be considered;

enhancing the operation management of existing incineration plant, accelerate the


39

construction of expansion project with the daily disposal capacity of 1,000 tons for

Qizishan Garbage Incineration Plant (see Figure 2.3-2 for the position).

(3) Environmental Protection Plan for Atmosphere and Surface Water

Atmospheric environment: optimize energy structure and promote the proportion

of gas and electrical energy in energy consumption; control the development of

industries, such as fire electricity and smelting with large emission of sulfur dioxide;

encourage the use of clean coal and enhance the management and supervision of

automotive emission; support municipal public transit; reduce the energy consumption

for industrial output value of every ten thousand yuan; improve energy utilization;

reinforce the construction of natural reserves and urban forest park and increase

regional greening rate.

Surface water environment: amplify the water quantity to supply Taihu Lake

Figure 2.3-2 Site Selection for Suzhou Garbage Disposal Plant


40

from river and reduce the residence period of Taihu Lake and Suzhou water system;

adjust industrial structure and reduce the water consumption for output value of every

ten thousand yuan; improve the treatment rate of domestic sewage; implement

comprehensive improvement of agricultural area source; establish municipal

coordination system and reasonably plan, deploy and unified schedule industrial

distribution and industrial strength.

2.3.3 Environmental Protection Plan

It is required in the plan of solid waste disposal in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan

and Long-term Plan of Suzhou for Environmental Protection that “making overall

arrangement of and establish facilities for the collection, transportation and disposal

of urban and rural domestic waste, realize the classification of garbage collection,

obdurate transportation of garbage, harmless, reduction and resource recovery of

garbage. Promote the development of garbage collection and disposal industry,

gradually establish and perfect the social service system for environment prevention

and control of demotic garbage pollution. During the ‘Eleventh Five-Year Plan’ period,

the disposal of domestic waste will gradually develop from single method of sanitary

landfill to multiple methods of incineration, sanitary landfill and biochemical

treatment, and promote the level of domestic waste disposal and management”.

2.3.4 Professional Plan for Environment and Sanitation

The chapter of the selection of the disposal technology for domestic waste in

Suzhou Professional Plan for Environment and Sanitation (2006-2020) mentions that

“it is planned that recently, sanitary landfill is dominated, supplemented by

incineration treatment; for a long run, incineration treatment is dominated,

supplemented by landfill”, with the plan as follows:

“It is planned for Suzhou to apply relatively concentrated disposal plan and

establish Qizishan garbage comprehensive disposal base and industrial park domestic

waste incineration plant. Qizishan garbage comprehensive disposal base shall include

the following facilities:

SuNeng Incineration Plant with the scale of 2,000 t/d;

Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site with the capacity of 8 million m3;

Qizishan Safety Landfill Site with the capacity of 230,000 m3;


41

Food Residue Disposal Plant with the scale of 250t/d;

Standby land for long term development.”

2.3.5 Relationship between This Project and Conservation Area in

Taihu Lake Basin

2.3.5.1 Relevant Provisions on Taihu Lake Water Pollution

Protection

Article 44 of Jiangsu Prevention and Control Regulations for Taihu Lake Water

Pollution (hereinafter referred to as regulations): “the regulations shall become

effective on October 1, 1996. The Taihu Lake Water Source Protection Regulations

formulated by the fourteenth conference of the fifth standing committee of provincial

people’s congress on May 30, 1982 shall be abrogated as of the same date.”

Article 2: “These regulations apply to the pollution prevention and control of

Taihu Lake body and surface waters, such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs and channels,

which have impact on the water quality of Taihu Lake in the Taihu Lake Basin of the

province (hereinafter referred to as Taihu Lake Basin).

Taihu Lake Basin is divided into three-grade reserves (see Figure 2.3-3), namely

the first grade reserve which refers to Taihu Lake body, area within 5km along the

lake bank, the area 10km up the rivers into the lake and the area within 1km at both

sides along banks; the second grade reserve which refers to the area 50km up the

rivers into the lake and the area within 1km at both sides along bank; and the third

grade reserve which refers to the other areas.”

The main 13 rivers into the lake include Wujin Port, Taige Canal, Caoqiao River,

Chendong Port, Hongxiang River, Dapu Port, Wuxi Port, Xiaoxi Port, Zhihu Port,

Dongtiao Creek, Changxing Port and Sanliqiao River.

Article 29: “The following behaviors are prohibited in the first grade reserve:

(1) Newly build or expand chemical pulping and paper making, chemical

industry, medicine, leatherworking, brewing, dyestuff, printing and dyeing and

electroplating that cause pollution to water environment, and other enterprises and

projects that discharge pollutant water with nitrogen or phosphorus;

(2) Directly discharge animal manure or dredged sediment from fish pond or

rivers into Taihu Lake or rivers into the lake;


42

(3) Discharge or pour oil, acid liquor, alkali liquor, toxic waste residue and

liquor, radioactive residue and liquor, pathogen-contaminated sewage, industrial waste

residue, urban garbage or other wastes into Taihu Lake or rivers into the lake;

(4) Clean vehicles, ships or containers that which have been used for storing oil

or toxic pollutant in Taihu Lake or rivers into the lake;

(5) Set new sewage draining exit at the bank of Taihu Lake, or implement

aquaculture, such as enclosure, wire netting or pot, and fishing operations such as

mechanical screw sucking and trawl net;

(6) Engage in aquaculture or centralized model livestock and poultry raise,

tourism and other activities that may cause water pollution within 1km of centralized

model drinking water source;

(7) Engage in sabotage, such as destroying hill-stone, forest, vegetation cover or

aquatic organism.”

Article 30: “It is forbidden to newly build or expand chemical pulping and paper

making, chemical industry, medicine, leatherworking, brewing, dyestuff, printing and

dyeing or electroplating that cause pollution to water environment that fail to comply

with the requirements for environmental prevention and control, or other enterprises

and projects that discharge pollutant water with nitrogen or phosphorus”.

2.3.5.2 Relationship between This Project and Conservation Area in

Taihu Lake Basin

See Figure 2.3-3 for Taihu Lake Basin Reserve Map.

According to the regulations, the minimum linear distance between this project

and the east bank of Taihu Lake is about 7km, not belonging to the range of the

first-grade reserve of Taihu Lake Basin.

The water in-taking river of this project is Xujiang River, whose west end is

connected with Taihu Lake through Mudu ship lock and the east end is connected with

Jiangnan Canal, as the outlet channel of Taihu Lake. The discharged water of the

project is discharged into Jiangnan Canal after centralized processing in new district

sewage plant. According to the regulations, neither Xujiang River nor Jiangnan Canal

belongs to rivers into the lake. Therefore, the site of the project does not belong to the

range of second-grade reserve of Taihu Lake Basin.

Based on the above analysis, this project belongs to the third-grade reserve of


43

Taihu Lake Basin.

2.3.6 Suzhou Everbright National Vein Industrial Park Plan and

Construction Status in the Area near the Site

2.3.6.1 Vein Industrial Park Planning Layout

According to the special conference summary of Suzhou municipal People’s

Government [2007] No. 71, affirmation is given to the feasibility of the environmental

protection and planning for the site selection and layout of Qizishan Refuse Landfill

Site, the change of domestic waste disposal method from single landfill to the

combination of garbage incineration power and landfill and the construction of

Everbright Environmental Protection Industrial Park. It is required to actively promote

the construction of environmental protection industrial park and implement the

construction of new socialist countryside from improving the level of urban domestic

waste disposal, developing recycling economy and sustainable development; make

Everbright Environmental Protection Industrial Park better and stronger, farsighted,

centered on the future trend of big downtown (seven districts), higher requirements is

put forward to the follow-up expansion for the domestic waste disposal of Everbright

Environmental Protection Industrial Park; enhance the administrative management of

the environment of enterprises around surrounding areas, regulate surrounding

environment, jointly guarantee the construction of first-class environmental protection

industrial park and ensure the environmental quality of surrounding areas.

Suzhou Everbright National Vein Industrial Park (the plan is not approved at

present) is planning to build an industrial park with producing area as the center,

research and development area as technical backstopping, management service area as

safeguard, education base for environmental protection as window. Among them, the

producing area is the core component of the park and its planning projects are as

follows:

Domestic waste resource utilization planning project, mainly includes

domestic waste Waste-to-Energy, domestic waste landfill site biogas power generation,

garbage percolate treatment and disposal, garbage incineration ash residue resource

utilization and waste heat comprehensive utilization.

Industrial hazardous waste treatment and disposal plant. The project is


44

planning to build a solid (hazardous) wastes Landfill site, including the safety landfill

capacity of 330,000 m3, supporting waste pretreatment system, collection system,

storage system and public auxiliary engineering facilities.

Garbage sorting and pretreatment center. This project is to sort, recycle and

inspect the transported solid wastes in the area, to make the part that cannot be

utilized finally enter into incineration and landfill treatment, so as to improve the

utilization rate of resource and reduce the requirements of disposal costs and quantity

for land resource.

Ecological restoration center. Ecological restoration is implemented to

Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site and industrial waste safety landfill site to create

ecological park; soil remediation and restoration for military shooting gallery.

See Figure 2.3-4 for the schematic diagram of vein industrial park plan project

relationship. See Figure 2.3-5 for the schematic diagram of vein industrial park plan

project distribution.


45

Figure 2.3-4 Schematic Diagram of Vein Industrial Park Plan Project Relationship

Garbage sorting and pretreatment center

Waste-to-Energy plant Percolate treatment and disposal center

Biogas Waste-to-Energy

Municipal Solid wastes

Recyclable

Comprehensive utilization

Waste heat

Building materials

Industrial hazardous waste treatment and disposal center

Biogas

Ash

resid

ue

Leachate

Ecological restoration center Production area

Research and development area

Management service area Publicity and education center

Core area

Radiation area

Garbage refuse landfill site Comprehensive

utilization


46

2.3.6.2Status of Relevant Garbage Treatment and Disposal Project

near the Construction Project

At present, the projects that are located in Everbright Vein Industrial Park include

Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site, Everbright Environmental Protection Domestic Waste

Incineration Plant, and Everbright Environmental Protection Hazardous Waste

Landfill Site and Everbright Environmental Protection Biogas Power Generation

project. Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site belongs to urban council and others are

operated by Everbright Environmental Protection Investment and BOT.

. Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site

Built in 1993, with the designed service life of 15 years, Suzhou Qizishan Refuse

Landfill Site is among the first batch of domestic waste sanitary landfill sites built

according to Technical Code for Sanitary Landfill of Domestic Refuse (CJJ17-88)

issued by the Ministry of Construction in 1988. The landfill site belongs to typical

valley landfill site, applying vertical waterproof curtain, and it was awarded as sample

project of the construction of landfill site of the Ministry of Construction in 1990s.

Due to the rapid development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the

output quantity of domestic waste exceeds the predicted amount. Although Everbright

Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. had incinerated a part of

domestic waste after its putting into operation in the second half of 2006, the Phase

Project of Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site had been sealed at the end of 2007 ahead

of schedule.

The expansion engineering of Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site was started in 2006,

with the investment of RMB 339 million, construction capacity of 7.8 million m3,

daily treatment quantity of 1,600t and the service life of 16 years, mainly including

reconstruction of old site and construction of new site. The reconstruction of old site

mainly includes reconstruction of leachate layered drainage system, biogas layered

drainage system of old site and vertical waterproof curtain and build new closure

system; the new site include the expansion of garbage dam and access route, and

newly built horizontal impermeable system, leachate collection and guide system,

leachate regulating tank and treatment system, landfill gas collection pipe system (it

shall be sent to the biogas power generation plant that belongs to Everbright Group

after collection). For the expansion engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Environmental


47

Science formulated environment impact report, which was replied by Environmental

Protection Department of Jiangsu Province on October 9, 2006. The expansion

engineering was started on April 28, 2007. At present, it has been completed and put

into operation.

Household garbage landfill site has its supporting leachate treatment plant, with

the designed treatment scale of 1,200t/d. At present, upgrading reconstruction is

implemented for it and the upgrading reconstruction engineering will apply MBR

(A/O/O + postpositive A/O nitrification denitrification + external UF (ultrafiltration))

treatment process, with the combination of two-level RO and two-level nanofiltration

as the treatment process of deep treatment technology. The tail water that reaches the

special discharge limit value for water pollutants stipulated in Table 3 of Standard for

Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste (GB16889-2008) is

discharged into Xujiang River through Qinglong Creek in the area, and it is predicted

to be completed and put into operation in 2011.

. Hazardous Solid Waste Landfill Site

According to the overall planning for hazardous solid waste disposal facilities of

Jiangsu Province, Suzhou implements financing by BOT method and attracts

investors by franchise rights. Finally, Everbright Environmental Protection (Suzhou)

Solid Waste Disposal Co., Ltd. invests to build a hazardous solid waste landfill site

that covers the urban area (hereinafter referred to as Suzhou Hazardous Waste Landfill

Site). The project has listed in National Hazardous Waste and Medical Waste Disposal

Facility Construction Plan, replied by the State Council in 2004.

Hazardous solid waste landfill site serves for the urban area of Suzhou, with the

scale of the initial stage of 100,000 m3 and the investment of RMB 78 million. The

final scale is 600,000 m3 and the total investment is about RMB 253 million. The

environment assessment report of the project has been replied by Environmental

Protection Department of Jiangsu Province (Suzhou Environment Management [2006]

No.93); with incineration disposal residue involved in the disposal types of solid

waste (HW18). The initial engineering has been put into operation on July 4, 2007. At

present, Phase expansion engineering is prepared.

. Domestic Waste Waste-to-Energy Plant

The domestic waste Waste-to-Energy plant serves for the domestic waste yielded

in the urban area of Suzhou. The treatment scale of Phase engineering is to


48

incinerate 1,050 ton domestic waste each day, and it was approved to formally change

into commercial operation on July 18, 2006. In October, 2007, Everbright

Environmental Protection began to construct Phase expansion engineering with

daily incineration capacity of 2,050 ton and to construct the supporting furnace clinker

comprehensive utilization project. The Phase engineering had been completed and

put into operation in 2009, and passed the acceptance of environmental protection in

April, 2010. According to environmental protection acceptance supervision and

supplementary supervision data, the concentration of discharged gas meets the

assessment standard and the concentration of discharged dioxins is 0.01 ~ 0.1TEQ

ng/Nm3, meeting European standard.

The domestic waste Waste-to-Energy plant has established the supporting

furnace clinker comprehensive utilization brick making project, leachate treatment

station project.

. Biogas Power Generation of Domestic Waste Landfill Site

Biogas power generation project use the landfill gas yielded in domestic waste

landfill site as secondary energy to generate power. The two 1,250kw internal

combustion generating sets were in incineration plant, sharing the lines to grid with

Waste-to-Energy plant, and they were put into commercial operation in August, 2006,

with the annual output electricity of about 18.7 million Kwh. A new 1,250kw

box-type internal combustion generating set was added in Phase project, and they

were put into commercial operation in June, 2008. The three sets of biogas power

generation project can generate about 28 million Kwh, reducing the discharge of

carbon dioxide gas by 110,000 tons.

2.3.7 New Plan for Xujiang River, Mudu Town, Wuzhong District,

Suzhou

Mudu Town, Wuzhong District, Suzhou is planning to establish Xujiang city

along the Xujiang River, with the planning range stretch north to Sufu Road, south to

West Baodai Road, west to south Jinfeng Road, east to the boundary of town and

district, expect the built block, for instance, Kaima Square, and water area, with the

actual planning land area of 4.6km2. It is planned to build nine functional areas in

Xujiang urban area, including vigorous center zone, headquarters economic zone,

commercial cluster zone, garden creative zone, auto culture subject zone, livable


49

communities, auto theme park zone, mountain leisure park zone and Binjiang leisure

zone, the last three ones of which is the regions dominated by open space. See Figure

2.3-6 for the land use map of this plan. The place where Everbright Environmental

Protection project lies belongs to the land for sanitation facilities.

At present, the plan is in public notification stage and its reply is not completed.


50

3 Reviews on Existing projects

3.1 Overview of Existing Projects

From May, 2002 to December, 2003, related government department of Suzhou

Municipality declared and completed the environmental impact assessment work of

3×350t/d Domestic Waste Waste-to-Energy Project of Suzhou SuNeng

Waste-to-Energy Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Phase Project), planning to

build a garbage incineration power plant with a daily treatment capacity of 1,000t

domestic waste at the reserved land in Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site. The

environment impact assessment of this project was conducted by State Power

Environmental Protection Research Institute, and in December, 2003, Jiangsu

Environmental Protection Department has given a written reply in the form of Suzhou

Environmental Management [2003] No. 229. In 2004, China Everbright International

Ltd. was introduced by government through investment invitation of BOT pattern, and

Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. was established to

take charge of the construction of Phase Project and the operation management for

the first 25 years, and enterprise name was changed according to Regulations of the

People's Republic of China on Administration of Registration of Companies.

According to Suzhou Environment Acceptance (2007) No. 380, Phase Project has

passed the final environment protection acceptance conducted by Jiangsu

Environmental Protection Department. With the continuous increase of domestic

waste in Suzhou City, Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.

had invested RMB 0.45 billion to construct Phase Project expansion project of

“2×500t/d garbage furnace + 20MW turbo generator set” (hereinafter referred to as

Phase Project) in October, 2007. This expansion project will have a support

project for the comprehensive utilization of slag so as to use the resources more

effectively. The environment impact assessment of this project was conducted by

China Bluestar Lehigh Engineering Corporation, and the environment protection

department made a written reply in the form of Environment Audit [2008] No. 25 in

March, 2008. Phase Project was put into operation in 2009 and had passed the


51

final environment protection acceptance conducted by environment protection

department in the form of Environment Acceptance [2010] No. 84. Everbright started

to construct leachate treatment plant to avoid having environmental risk when

transporting leachate and to reduce potential environmental impact in 2010. This

project had a written reply from Suzhou Municipal Environment Protection Bureau.

Table 3.1-1 shows the existing projects and the performance investigation of

environment protection formalities.

Table 3.1-1 Summary of Environment Protection Formalities Performance

of Existing Projects

No. Project Reference No. Acceptance No. Acceptance content

1

Domestic waste

incinerating project

with an incineration

capacity of 3×350t/d

Phase Project

Suzhou Environment

Management [2003]

No. 229

Suzhou

Environment

Acceptance

(2007) No. 380

3×350t/d mechanical

grate furnace

+2×12MW generator

2

2×500t/d garbage

incinerator +20MW

turbo generator set,

supporting project of

comprehensive

utilization of slag

Phase Project

Environment Audit

[2008] No. 25

Environment

Acceptance

[2010] No. 84

2×500t/d mechanical

grate furnace

+1×20MW generator, a

product line with an

annual production

capacity of 100,000 m3

ash building blocks

3 Leachate treatment

project of waste

Suzhou Environment

Construction

[2011]No. 186

/

Daily treatment

capacity of 1,000t

leachate

Table 3.1-1 shows floor plans of existing projects site.

The current situation of main works and public auxiliary works of existing

projects is shown in table 3.1-2.

Table 3.1-2 Current Situation of Main Works and Public Auxiliary Works of Existing

Projects

Name Major equipment and

facilities Design capacity

Actual output in

2010 Remarks


52

Main works Incineration

system

Furnace 3×350t/d+2×500t/d 3×350t/d+2×500t/d Reciprocating grate furnace

Exhaust-heat

boiler 3×26.7t/h+2×42.3t/h 3×26.7t/h+2×42.3t/h

Turbo

generator sets 2×9MW+1×20MW 2×9MW+1×20MW

Actual energy output in 2010

is 28,102.45KWh

garbage

storehouse 16,000m

3+15,000m

3 16,000m

3+15,000m

3

Supporting

project

Slag comprehensive

utilization system

With annual

production capacity

of 100,000 m3

building blocks

With annual

production capacity

of 40,000~50,000

m3

building blocks

Two product lines(six Units),

with designed daily production

capacity of 200,000 standard

bricks

Leachate treatment plant

With a daily

treatment capacity

of 1,000t leachate

With a daily

treatment capacity

of 509t

Public

auxiliary

works

Water

supply

Process water 6,000m3/d 2,400~2,960m

3/d Xujiang river

Domestic

water — 2,100t/a Municipal pipe network

Chemical water treatment

station 2×20t/h 2×20t/h

Force air cooling tower 6,800m3/h+

7,000m3/h

6,800m3/h+

7,000m3/h

Air compressor 5×24m3/min 5×24m

3/min

Environment

protection

project

Waste gas

Garbage storehouse is wholly enclosed and runs under micro-negative

pressure; using “SCR denitration+semi-dry process deacidification+active

carbon adsorption+bag filter” to remove dusts in the incineration flue gas;

denitration efficiency≥70%,desulfurization efficiency≥80%, HC1removal

efficiency≥97%, dust removal efficiency≥99.9%, discharge fume from 80m chimney

Waste water

Production waste drainage shall be put into cyclic utilization rather than

outward discharge; domestic sewage enters into sewage plant in new district

after being treated in septic tank; little leachate shall be injected back into

incinerators, the rest enters into sewage plant in new district after processed

by supporting leachate treatment station, and the design treatment capacity

of the leachate treatment station is 1,000t/d

Solid wastes

Construct support slag comprehensive utilization project in Phase Project ,

make bricks by comprehensive utilization of slag, with a designed annual

production capacity of 100,000 m3 bricks; fly ash should be transported to

hazardous waste landfill solidification for safe landfill

Noise Decrease window area of plant, equip with sound proof cover and muffler,

set up sound insulation watch room, reduce the noise by greening

3.2 Overview of Technological Process

3.2.1 Existing Garbage Incineration System

Both Phase Project and Phase Project use Kepple Seghers’ grate furnace,

with the same technological processes of garbage incineration and generating


53

electricity as shown in Table 3.2-1.


54

26

1 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12 13

14

15

16

17 18

20

21

22 23

19

24

Slag Furnace

Leachate Fly ash

Flue gas

emission

Exist in design but not

put it in hazardous waste

Everbright Environme

Protection (Suzhou) haz


55

Table 3.2-1 Sketch Map of Technological Processes and Pollution Production Link Of Phase Project and Phase Project

Label declaration

(1) Tipping stage

(2) Garbage dump pit

(3) Crane operating room

(4) Crane, grab bucket

(5) Feed hopper

(6) Feed thruster

(7) Primary air fan

(8) Incineration grates

(9) Secondary air fan

(10) Exhaust-heat boiler

(11) Desulfurization and deacidification by

calcium spurt

(12) Lime cream tank

(13) Active carbon storage bin

(14) Bag-type dust collector

(15) Induced draft fan

(16) Calandria chimney

(17) Steam turbine

(18) Generator

(19) Slag salving machine

(20) Slag storehouse

(21 Leachate collecting bin

(22) Exhaust-heat boiler clinker

(23) Flyash bin

(24) Flyash solidification workshop


56

(1) Garbage truck enters into discharging hall of garbage storehouse and

discharge the domestic waste into the storehouse through discharge door. Discharge

door is equipped with electro-mechanical device to prevent odor from garbage

storehouse over spilling. A suction opening for primary air fan is set at the side face of

garbage storehouse to keep negative pressure in garbage storehouse and avoid having

accumulation of odor and methane gas; the air in the storehouse is extracted by

primary air fan and used as combustion-supporting air of incinerator.

Garbage storehouse is designed to hold domestic waste which can be incinerated

for 5~7 days, the domestic waste discharged in garbage storehouse should be

fermentated by stacking, to lead out the leachate and make sure that the garbage

storehouse can accept garbage normally when equipment are broken or overhauled. In

order to make sure that the components of garbage in incinerators are

well-proportioned and can combust steadily, the storehouse has been equipped with

jaw clamshell crane to feed garbage to incinerator and mix, cast, convey and agitate

garbage. The operation of crane is remotely controlled by control room which is

thoroughly isolated from garbage storehouse and has such functions as weighing,

Discharging hall

Isolated visual working chamber

in garbage storehouse 1 Feed to

incinerator

Isolated visual working chamber

in garbage storehouse 2

Garbage grip travelling crane


57

overload protection, anti-swing, tripping, anti-collision.

The crane puts garbage into hopper, and then garbage enter into incinerator for

burning through supply pipe and hydraulic handspike.

(2) The heat energy produced from the garbage combustion in incinerators can

generate vapor while passing through exhaust-heat boiler and then vapor is conversed

into electrical energy through turbo generator set. The slag and clinker respectively

derived from incinerator and exhaust-heat boiler can be made into bricks in the

supporting comprehensive utilization brick field.

(3) The garbage incineration flue gas is treated by adopting group technology of

SNCR denitration, semi-dry process (lime cream neutralization reaction tower), active

carbon injection device and bag type dust collector, with the following features: high

operating flexibility, high efficiency of removing harmful substances, less reactant

consumption, not generating high-concentration chloride wastewater, low emission

concentration of heavy metal and dioxin-like compounds, being easy to control and

low composite cost.

This system adopts SNCR denitration to make removal efficiency of nitrogen

oxides ≥ 50%; adopts 90 percent CaO which shall be grinded to 325 meshes through

grinding machine, mixed into 12~15% lime cream, and deacidificated in absorbing

tower (desulfurization efficiency ≥ 80%, antichloration efficiency ≥ 95%). After flue

Rotator spray lime

cream deacidification

tower

Slag exit

Active carbon feeder


58

gas gets out of the tower (around 150℃), the dusts, heavy metal and dioxins shall be

removed by using active carbon and dust collector (collection efficiency ≥ 99.8%).

After calcium slag from deacidification tower and fly ash from bag type collector

were preprocessed, they will be put into bag and send to Suzhou hazardous wastes

landfill for safe disposal.

3.2.2 Existing Slag Comprehensive Utilization System

The slag comprehensive utilization project which has been co-constructed by

Everbright Environmental Energy(Suzhou) Co., Ltd. and Shenzhen Hua Hongqin

Environment-Friendly Building Material Development Co. Ltd is the supporting

project of Phase expansion project to incinerate garbage and generate energy. It

takes advantage of slag from Phase Project and Phase Project , with an

annual production capacity of 100,000 m3 clinker blocks, and it has produced 30

million perforated bricks and solid bricks (around 45,000 m3) in 2010. The

technological process of slag utilization plan is shown in Fig. 3.2-2.

Fig.3.2-2 Technological Process of Slag Comprehensive Utilization

3.3 Raw and Auxiliary Materials Consumption

3.3.1 The Source and Dosage of Fuel

The fuels of Phase Project and Phase Project includes domestic waste and

light diesel.

1 the source of domestic waste

Clinker

storage

yard Sorting

and

breaking

Incineration

garbage

storehouse

Slag from

incineration

plant

Uncombusted material

Twin-shaft

mixer

Recycle bin

Storehouse

Storage

yard

Concrete

Composite additive

Sandstone

Jolt-moulding

machine

Storage

yard

maintain

User Sale

Metal recovery


59

According to the BOT agreement between our company and Suzhou Bureau of

Municipal Public Utilities, the domestic waste used for Phase Project and Phase

Project should be transported from specified refuse transfer stations to discharging

hall by enclosed transporters and breech loading enclosed transporters provided by

Division of Environment Sanitation Management of Suzhou Bureau of Municipal

Public Utilities (now named Suzhou Environment Sanitation Division) and then

unloaded into garbage storehouse. Suzhou Environment Sanitation Division takes

charge of the transportation of domestic waste. At present, those garbage used for

incineration come from the following several refuse transfer stations in Fig. 3.3-1. The

existing transit routes are: (1) East Taihu Rd- West Taihu Rd-West Baodai Rd-our

plant; (2) Changjiang Rd- West Baodai Rd- our plant; (3) S230-West Baodai Rd- our

plant, most of transit routes are arterial road and there are no any aquatic environment

sensitive targets like water-source protective zone and water catchment along those

routes, without going through concentrated residential area.

According to the requirements of Standard for Pollution Control on the Domestic

Waste Incineration (GB18485-2001), the project only accepts domestic waste from

Suzhou Municipality rather than hazardous wastes.

2 Incineration amount of garbage

According to the weighing statistical data of accepted domestic waste, the

capacity of Phase Project and Phase Project is 941,200 t (in table 3.3-1); Annual

operating time is more than 8,000 h. The average accepted garbage amount has been

up to 2,580 t/d. After high moisture content of 20.08% being removed (discharge

leachate by stacking them in garbage storehouse), the average amount in the

incinerators has been up to 2,090 t/d, higher than the designed operating load.

Table 3.3-1 Statistics of Disposing Amount of Domestic Waste In 2010

Period

Amount of

entering plant

garbage(t)

Amount of

disposing

garbage(t)

Discharge amount

of leachate(t)

Concentration of

leachate (%)

Jan~Dec,2010 941,154 752,152 189,002 20.08

Daily average 2,580 2,055 525 20.08

3 Garbage composition analysis

A. Current situation of garbage composition


60

According to the analysis report of Suzhou garbage heat value presented by

Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou)Co., Ltd. to GuangZhou

Institute Of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Jun 2006, the heat

value, component, technical analysis and elemental analysis of existing domestic

waste for incineration are shown in Table 3.3-2 ~ table 3.3-6.

Table 3.3-2 Heat Value Analysis of Existing Domestic Waste for

Incineration

Project

Content of

combustible

constituent in dry

basis (%)

Higher calorific

value of

combustible

constituent in dry

basis (kJ/kg)

Lower calorific

value of

combustible

constituent in dry

basis (kJ/kg)

Lower calorific

value of garbage

entering furnace

(kJ/kg)

Value 64.25 22,182.8 20,711.3 5,415.7

Table 3.3-3 Component Analysis of Existing Domestic Waste for Incineration

Component

Organic matter Inorganic matter

Others Animals

and

plants

Paper Plastic Metal Glass

Sand

and

soil

Component of dry

basis 20.97% 6.60% 28.23% 1.56% 10.92% 23.26% 8.46%

Component of raw

refuse 36.72% 7.03% 24.22% 0.78% 5.47% 17.97% 7.81%

Table 3.3-4 Technical Analysis of Existing Domestic Waste for Technical

Incineration

Technological analysis Volatile matter Fixed carbon Ash contents Moisture

Technological analysis

of combustible in dry

basis

74.88% 8.07% 17.05% 0.00%


of garbage dry basis 48.11% 5.19% 46.70% 0.00%


of raw garbage 15.48% 1.67% 32.93% 49.93%

Table 3.3-5 Elemental Analysis of Existing Domestic Waste for Incineration


61

Elemental analysis C % H % N % S % O %

Elemental analysis of

combustible in dry

basis

50.73 6.54 3.06 0.39 22.23


garbage dry basis 32.60 4.20 1.97 0.25 14.28


raw garbage 16.32 2.10 0.98 0.13 7.15

4 The source and dosage of auxiliary fuel

According to existing operating statistics, owing to such operations as moving,

mixing, stacking and feeding, after 5~7 days’ storage and fermentation in garbage

storehouse, the range of garbage heat value in incinerators is nearly steady, which is

the prerequisite of combustion condition stabilization within incinerators, so, no more

auxiliary fuel is needed during operation.

Auxiliary fuel is needed only when starting the incinerators of Phase Project

and Phase Project , the fuel helps incinerators reach burning temperature. Auxiliary

fuel is light diesel, transported by supplier to tank farm within plant by tank truck and

then put into oil fuel tank with vehicle-mounted oil pump. Oil feed pump in oil pump

room nearby oil fuel tank can supply diesel to incineration room if diesel is needed.

Every incinerator can consume 3~5t diesel at each cold boot while 1~2t at warm boot,

a 20 m3 oil fuel tank is set in oil fuel tank area and there is a fire prevention cofferdam

being separated from plant side.

Auxiliary fuel--0#

light diesel can be purchased from market and Table 3.3-6

shows main quality control indexes.

Table 3.3-6 Main Quality Indexes of 0#

Light Diesel

Main quality indexes consistency g/cm3

LHV MJ/kg S %

Targeted value

(qualified products) 0.8293 20℃ 42.9 ≤1.0

3.3.2 Other Auxiliary Materials Consumption

The 12-15% Ca (OH) 2 slurry mixed from CaO during the garbage combustion

can be used for gas deacidification and active carbon shall be used to remove organic

pollutants such as heavy metal ion/particle and dioxin-like compounds. According to


62

the production statistics in 2010, the consumption of lime and active carbon are

9,310t/a and 294.08t/a respectively.

The garbage consumption is 1.5kg/t for 20% ammonia water for SNCR

denitration and 1,044t/a ammonia water was consumed in 2010 according to statistics.

3.4 Water Supply, Drainage and Water Balance of Existing

Projects

The process water of existing projects is taken from Xujiang River and domestic

water comes from municipal supply net.

3.4.1 Water Supply

There is a water intake pumping station equipped with two water intake lift

pumps, two integration water purification units and a fresh water storage tank on the

south bank of Xujiang River. Each water purifier has a designed water purification

capacity of 150 m3/h, but in order to ensure water quality during actual operation, the

water purification capacity of each water purifier can only be maintained at about 100

m3/h. Supply water to plant uses DN350 carbon steel pipes.

In 2010, Phase Project and Phase Project consumed 2,700~2,960 m3/d

(around 123m3/h) water in summer and 2,500~2,600 m

3/d(around 108 m

3/h) in winter.

So, water purification station of existing projects still has residual deliverability

of 80 m3/h (1,920 m

3/d).

3.4.2 Drainage

A small part of leachate in Phase Project and Phase Project can be injected

back into incinerators and surplus enter into sewage plant in new district for

centralized treatment after being pre-processed by supporting leachate treatment

station during actual process; Domestic sewage enters into effluent treatment plant in

new district for centralized treatment through municipal waste pipe net; the water

drained from cooling tower shall be used for cooling slag dragging machine, no other

kinds of waste water need to be discharged.


63

3.4.3 Water Balance

According to the statistical average data of existing projects at Phase Project

and Phase Project, Fig. 3.4-1 shows water balance of existing projects. Backwash

water from water pumps, catch water and film system is mainly offered to leachate

pretreatment station.

Fig. 3.4-1 Water Balance Diagram of Existing Projects (Unit: T/D)

Xu Jiang River

2,960

2,390 Cooling

8,200 t/h

12~15%lime furnish preparation

Loss 2,065

10 Taking away slag

Greening, road sprinkler

Loss 35

Loss 240

Chemical water treatment 255

Rinsetereace and vehicle 94

Boiler circuit

Leachate equalization

pond

126

Cool and flushing cinder of dragveyer

Loss 315

200 t/h

Leachate in garbage 512

240

Loss

80 Back-ejecta

Loss 41.5 Tap water

156.5

Leachate treatment

station

28

Loss 7

75 (Reverse osmosis rinsing

water)

Incinerator

684

Tap water

Enter into

effluent processing

plant in new

developed area for

centralized

processing after

processed by

municipal waste pipe

net

80 (Reverse osmosis rinsing

water)

35

Loss 25

Water used for blending in brick 41.5

161 35

606

526

656

325


64

3.5 Discharge Conditions of Main Pollutants

Analyze pollutants discharge condition of existing projects in line with

acceptance data of Phase Project in 2009 and routine monitor data after stable

operation of existing sanitary installation of Phase Project and Phase Project in

Oct, 2010.

3.5.1 Atmospheric Pollutants Discharge Conditions

1 Controlled waste gas

Existing projects use the methods of SNCR denitration + semi-dry process

deacidification + active carbon adsorption + bag type dust exhaust system to treat

incineration flue gas. The acceptance and monitoring time of incineration flue gas

from Phase Project is from 9th

Jul to 10th

Jul in 2009, three times per day, and the

data area is shown in Table 3.5-1.

Table 3.5-1 Acceptance and Monitoring Data of Atmospheric Pollutants

from Phase Project

Product

line

Pollutants

Effluent

concentration

standard

mg/m3

Phase Project

4# incinerator 5# incinerator

Effluent

concentration

mg/m3

Emission

rate kg/h

Effluent

concentration

mg/m3

Emission

rate kg/h

Dust <30 16.1~20.0 1.08~1.59 15.5~18.6 1.48~1.64

SO2 <260 6~11 0.76~1.43 6~12 0.81~1.54

NOX <400 167~175 21.8~24.6 166~185 20.5~22.9

HCl <50 5.1L~8.95 ~1.21 4.0L~7.99 ~0.972

fluorid <2.0 0.25~0.46 0.022~0.041 0.26~2.42 0.024~0.209

CO <100 30~35 3.88~4.82 38~47 4.7~5.6

Pb <1.6 0.011~0.111 0.002~0.015 0.001L~0.098 ~0.012

Hg <0.1 0.003L / 0.003L /

Cd <0.1 0.0001L~0.0061 ~0.00083 0.0001L~0.0017 ~0.0006

Blackness

of flue gas <1 level <1 level <1 level

Routine monitor data after stable operation of existing sanitary installation of


65

Phase Project and Phase Project in Oct, 2010 is shown in Table 3.5-2.

Table 3.5-2 Monitoring Concentration Table of Atmospheric Pollutants from

Existing Projects (26th

~28th

, Oct) Unit: mg/m3

Product

line

Pollutant

Discharge

standard

Phase Project Phase Project

1#incinerator 2#incinerator 3#incinerator 4#incinerator 5#incinerator

Product

concentration

Dust 1270 1300 1390 1440 1490

SO2 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L

NOX 143 178 176 140 186

HCl 172 245 195 245 2080

fluoride 0.305 0.456 0.607 1.32 0.294

CO 20.4 18.6 20.6 22 21.8

Pb 0.125 0.342 0.045 1.94 0.049

Hg 0.000376 0.000428 0.000401 0.000217 0.000081

Cd 0.03 0.068 0.044 0.138 0.049

Effluent

concentration

Dust <30 4.18 4.21 4.37 4.48 4.39

SO2 <260 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L

NOX <400 123 164 159 113 166

HCl <50 1.78 11.4 3.06 37.2 2.86

Fluoride <2.0 0.023 0.032 0.016 0.048 0.024

CO <100 20.2 17.6 19.8 21.2 20.8

Pb <1.6 0.003L 0.002 0.005 0.007 0.003

Hg <0.1 7.58×10-5

L 7.58×10-5

L 7.58×10-5

L 7.58×10-5

L 7.58×10-5

L

Cd <0.1 0.0004L 0.0004L 0.0004L 0.0004L 0.0004L

Blackness

of Flue

gas

<1 0 0 0 0 0

Continued Table 3.5-2 Monitoring Concentration Table of Atmospheric

Pollutants from Existing Projects (29th

~30th

, Oct) Unit: mg/m3

Product

line

Pollutant

Discharge

standard



Product

concentration

Dust 1300 1390 1350 1460 1430

SO2 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L

NOX 132 174 161 152 183

HCl 154 246 79.1 304 2210


66

Fluoride 0.352 0.597 0.401 1.23 0.841

CO 20.4 22.4 21.1 20.6 20.0

Pb 0.006 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.727

Hg 0.000102 0.000107 7.58×10-5

L 0.000128 7.58×10-5

L

Cd 0.003 0.006 0.006 0.005 0.050

Effluent

concentration

Dust <30 4.23 4.07 4.39 4.32 4.16

SO2 <260 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L

NOX <400 119 169 155 135 176

HCl <50 11.4 30.7 2.37 1.74 1.53

Fluoride <2.0 0.026 0.015 0.029 0.018 0.122

CO <100 19.6 21.6 20.3 19.6 19.7

Pb <1.6 0.003 0.003L 0.003L 0.003L 0.003L

Hg <0.1 7.58×10-5

L 7.58×10-5

L 7.58×10-5

L 7.58×10-5

L 7.58×10-5

L

Cd <0.1 0.0004L 0.0004L 0.0004L 0.0004L 0.0004L

Blackness

of

exhaustion

<1 0 0 0 0 0

In accordance with acceptance data and supplementary monitor date of Phase

Project, acceptance data of Phase Project and the sampling analysis conducted by

Center for Environmental Quality Test, Tsinghua University in 2010, the monitoring

date of effluent concentration of dioxin-like compounds is shown in Table 3.5-3.

Table 3.5-3 Effluent Concentration Table of Dioxin-Like Compounds from

Existing Projects Unit: TEQng/m3

Product line

Monitoring time



Acceptance of

Phase Project in

2006

<0.020 / /

Supplementary

monitor in 2007 0.052

Acceptance of

Phase Project

in 2009

0.068 0.066


67

Routine monitor in

2010 0.017 0.0071 0.014 0.0079 0.0067

In accordance with acceptance and monitor report of Phase Project, the

discharge of atmospheric pollutants from existing projects is shown in Table3.5-4.

Table 3.5-4 Discharge Amounts of Atmospheric Pollutants

Category Name

Amount ratified in

environment impact

assessment (t/a)

Acceptance and

monitoring discharge

amount (t/a)

Waste gas

Dust 48.21 38.08

SO2 247 18.17

NOx 694.1 362.3

HCl 19.29 10.91

Dioxin 0.3855g TEQ 0.19g

2 Discharge condition of fugitive gas

The factory boundary in organizing monitoring results of acceptance of Phase

Project from 9th

to 10th

July., 2009 are shown in Table 3.5-5. Since 30%

transporters in Suzhou are unclosed transporter, those leachate dropped to roads

before transporters enter into plant and then are vaporized into air, as a result, the odor

concentration level at factory boundary exceeds standards. By enhancing the

frequency of watering and cleaning in roads and full implementation of garbage

compression and sealing transportation, the odor concentration level at factory

boundary came up to the standards during 10th

~11th

Sep. in 2009 when repetition

measurement was carried out.

Table 3.5-5 Factory Boundary Concentration of Gas from Fugitive Source in

the Acceptance Monitoring of Phase Project

Pollutant

Monitoring

site

Particulate

matter

(mg/m3)

Ammonia

(mg/m3)

Sulfureted

hydrogen

(mg/m3)

Odor concentration

(dimensionless)

9th~10th

, Jul 10th

~11th

,Oct

Up wind 0.28~0.36 0.08~0.24 0.001L~0.004 <10~32 <10

Down wind 1 0.49~0.57 0.07~0.16 0.001L~0.006 <10~52 <10

Down wind 2 0.47~0.55 0.08~0.33 0.001L~0.006 <10~34 <10

Down wind 3 0.47~0.55 0.07~0.25 0.001L~0.005 <10~44 <10~18


68

Evaluation criterion 1.0 1.5 0.06 20

In accordance with routine monitor data at factory boundary during 26th

~27th

Oct. 2010, the discharge condition of gas from fugitive sources is shown in Table

3.5-6. Each kind of gases from fugitive sources at factory boundary has come up to

the standards.

Table 3.5-6 Monitoring Condition of Factory Boundary Concentration of

Gas from Fugitive Source

Pollutant

Monitoring

Point

Particulate

matter

(mg/m3)

Ammonia

(mg/m3)

Sulfureted

hydrogen

(mg/m3)

Odor

(dimensionless)

Up wind(G1) 0.05~0.08 0.072~0.078 0.0214~0.021 7~10

Down wind 1(G2) 0.087~0.117 0.144~0.231 0.03~0.033 13

Down wind 2 (G3) 0.113~0.147 0.09~0.306 0.023~0.036 7~10

Down wind 3(G4) 0.07~0.087 0.134~0.257 0.036~0.044 8~14

Evaluation criterion 1.0 1.5 0.06 20

The fugitive discharge monitoring points at factory boundary are shown in Fig.

3.1-1.

3.5.2 Discharge Condition of Aquatic Pollutants

During acceptance monitoring period of Phase Project, there was a small

part of leachate back-ejecta and the surplus was transported into effluent treatment

plant in new developed area by connecting-pipe after processed by leachate treatment

station in Qizishan Mountain domestic waste landfill. Domestic sewage has been

transported to effluent treatment plant in new developed area by connecting-pipe after

processed in cesspool. The drainage cooling system has been comprehensively used

for cooling slag dragging machine and flushing cinder, no waste water drained

outward. The drainage from boiler system has been comprehensively used for

greening, street watering after simple neutralized and no waste water drained outward.

The drainage from chemical water treatment station has been comprehensively used

for wash water of tipping stage and cool slag dragging machine, no waste water

drained outward. The outlet concentration of leachate tank and domestic sewage


69

during 9th

~10th

Jul. 2009 are shown in table 3.5-7. The concentration of ammonia

nitrogen in domestic sewage is higher than connecting-pipe standards in a certain

range, but has come up to the standards in repetition measurement during 9th

~10th

Sep.

Table3.5-7 Acceptance Monitoring Condition of the Concentration of Waste

Water Pollutants

Pollutant Unit Leachate tanker

outlet

Domestic

sewage outlet

Connecting-pipe

standard of sewage

plant in new district

pH dimensionless 7.29~7.78 7.1~7.46 6~9

Ammonia nitrogen mg/L 1430~1520 24.0~36.6/

1.62~16.5 35.0

Total phosphorus mg/L 79~212 3.1~3.71 8.0

Suspended substance mg/L 2280~2360 50~90 400

COD mg/L 42100~47400 319~385/

55.8~187 500

BOD mg/L 2420~3050 154~188 300

Petroleum mg/L 1.57~6.25 20

Total mercury mg/L 0.00099~0.00146 0.05

Total chromium mg/L 0.237~0.346 1.5

Hexavalent chrome mg/L 0.092~0.103 0.5

Total arsenic mg/L 0.034~0.0474 0.5

Total plumbum mg/L 0.12~0.14 1.0

Total cadmium mg/L 0.002~0.004 0.1

Animal and

vegetable oils mg/L 8.65~11.6 100

LAS mg/L 1.84~3.5 20

Note: data of ammonia nitrogen and COD in domestic sewage were monitored for

two times: first/repetition monitoring.

The supporting leachate processing plant of existing projects in Everbright

factory was started in Jul. 2009, completed and begun debugging in May 2010 and put

into operation in Sep. 2010. A little leachate of existing projects had backed into

furnace and the amount of back-ejecta is around 80t/d according to operation data in

2010; the surplus along with domestic sewage was transported into sewage plant in


70

new district by connecting-pipe after processed by matching leachate pre-treatment

station. The routine monitoring data of environmental protection facilities of Phase

Project and Phase project after stable operation is shown in Table 3.5-8.

Table 3.5-8 Routine Monitoring Condition of Concentration of Waste Water

Pollutants

Pollutant Unit Leachate process station Domestic

sewage outlet

Standard

value inlet outlet

Ammonia nitrogen mg/L 1010 5.40 8.89 35.0

Total phosphorus mg/L 48.5 6.87 2.61 8.0

Suspended

substance mg/L 1800 18.0 132 400

COD mg/L 26000 118 98.3 500

BOD mg/L 9000 38.6 26.5 300

Petroleum mg/L 6.13 0.963 20

Total mercury mg/L 0.02L 0.02L 0.05

Total chromium mg/L 0.789 0.004 1.5

Hexavalent chrome mg/L 0.012L 0.012L 0.5

Total arsenic mg/L 0.03L 0.03L 0.5

Total plumbum mg/L 1.69 0.03L 1.0

Total cadmium mg/L 0.045 0.003L 0.1

Animal and

vegetable oils mg/L 1.57 100

LAS mg/L 0.342 20

In accordance with acceptance monitoring report, the discharge condition of

aquatic pollutants in existing projects is shown in Table 3.5-9.

Table 3.5-9 Discharge Amounts of Aquatic Pollutants

Category Name

Amount ratified by

environment impact

assessment(t/a)

Acceptance and

monitoring discharge

amount(t/a)

Waste water

(amount of waste water

connecting-pipe)

Amount of

waste water 104590 85500

COD 89.96 34.16

SS 37.17 4.41

NH3-N 3.5 2.38


71

3.5.3 Noise Emission Condition

The monitoring results of noise at factory boundary during Phase Project

acceptance in 9th

~10th

Jul. 2009 is shown in Table 3.5-10. Because of the influence of

cooling tower and fan, there are two monitoring points exceeded in day-time and four

monitoring points exceeded in night-time. But there are no noise-sensitive points

within 400 meters out of plant, and no residents can be disturbed.

Table 3.5-10 Acceptance Monitoring Results of Noise at Factory Boundary

Unit: Db A

Monitoring

site Monitoring point location

Day-time Night-time

9th,Jul 10th,Jul 9th,Jul 10th,Jul

N1

Northwest of factory

boundary 74.9 74.2 71.6 71.5

N2 North of factory boundary 74.5 74.2 73.2 73.0

N3

Northeast of factory

boundary 58.6 58.1 54.2 54.4

N4 East of factory boundary 51.2 50.8 48.9 49.2

N5


boundary 50.4 50.1 47.1 47.5

N6 North of factory boundary 55.9 54.7 53.4 52.8

N7


boundary 61.7 61.2 59.5 58.4

N8 West of factory boundary 60.5 60.9 57.4 58.0

Standards 65 55

Under failure free operation condition of our factory on 28th

Oct. 2010, the

monitoring data of noise around all factory boundary showed that noise at factory

boundary both in day-time and night-time had came up to the requirements of three

classes standards of the Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at

Boundary (GB12348-2008).

Table3.5-11 Routine Monitoring Data of Noise at Factory Boundary

Unit: Db (A)


72

Monitoring site Monitoring point

location Day-time Night-time

N1

Southwest of factory

boundary 59.7 53.3

N2

West of factory

boundary 60.6 54.1

N3


boundary 63.8 54.6

N4

North of factory

boundary 54.5 49.8

N5


boundary 58.4 53.5

N6

East of factory

boundary 60.9 54.4

N7

Southeast of factory

boundary 64.5 53.6

N8

South of factory

boundary 60.8 53.1

Standards 65 55

Table 3.1-1 shows positions of acceptance monitoring points and routine

monitoring points of noise at factory boundary.

It is reported that leachate treatment station had not been completed when being

checked and accepted, so noise monitoring points of west of factory boundary have

located nearby cooling tower, as a result, the acceptance results exceeded standards.

The location of factory boundary noise monitoring points when routine monitoring is

different from the location when acceptance monitoring, leachate treatment station

can decrease the noise of cooling tower.

3.5.4 Discharge Condition of Solid Pollutants

Solid wastes include slag, fly ash and in plant domestic waste. In line with

requirements of environment impact assessment and Standard for Pollution Control

on the Domestic Waste Incineration GB18485-2001, the way to deal with slag of

existing projects is to make bricks by comprehensive utilization in matching brick

yard; fly ash and active carbon should be processed safely in Suzhou Dangerous and

Waste Landfill; the collected inplant domestic waste should be processed by garbage


73

incineration line directly.

In accordance with monitoring data, the loss on ignition of slag incineration

during Phase Project acceptance in 9th

~10th

Jul. is from 0.36% to 0.62%, and

that of slag incineration on 28th

, 30th

Oct. 2010 is from 0.981% to 4.36% which came

up to the standards of less than 5% according to Standard for Pollution Control on the

Domestic Waste Incineration (GB18485-2001).

3.5.5 Discharge Amount Statistics of the Three Wastes

In accordance with acceptance monitoring report of Phase Project , the

discharge amount of atmospheric pollutants in existing projects are shown in Table

3.5-12.

Table 3.5-12 Discharge Amounts of Pollutants in Existing Projects

Category Name Discharge amount

t/a

Amount ratified by

environment impact

assessment(t/a)

Waste gas

Dust 38.08 48.21

SO2 18.17 247

NOx 362.3 694.1

HCl 10.91 19.29

Dioxin 0.19g 0.3855g TEQ

Waste water

(amount of waste

water

connecting-pipe)

Waste water amount 85500 104590

COD 34.16 89.96

SS 4.41 37.17

NH3-N 2.38 3.5

Industry waste

residue

Slag 0 0

Fly ash and active

carbon 0 0

Domestic waste 0 0

3.6 Official and Written Reply of Existing Projects and

Implement Condition of “Three-meanwhile” Policy

By contrast with the official and written reply of Phase Project (Suzhou

Environment Management [2003] No. 229) and the official and written reply of Phase

Project (Environment Audit [2008] No. 25), the construction condition of

existing projects and the condition of sanitary installation is shown in Table 3.6-1.


74

Table 3.6-1 The Official and Written Reply of Environment Impact

Assessment of Existing Projects and the Implement Condition of Sanitary

Installation

No. Official and written reply of environment impact

assessment

Implementation condition of

sanitary installation Compliance

Phase Project

1

No hazardous waste could be mixed with domestic

waste to burn. Suzhou Municipality should carry

out overall sorting of garbage as soon as possible to

avoid hazardous waste mixed with domestic waste

so as to take best advantage of resource utilization.

Suzhou Municipality environment

sanitation division should take

charge of implementing and making

sure that no hazardous waste should

be mixed with domestic waste to

burn.

Consistent

2

In accordance of requirements of “distribution of

rain and sewage, diverting waste water from clean

water ” to construct drainage system in plant site;

enhance water-saving measurements and all

industrial waste drainage should be recycled;

domestic sewage should be treated in effluent

treatment plant in new district. Garbage storehouse

should be equipped with leachate collecting device;

all leachate should be burned without outward

drainage.

In accordance of the requirements

of “distribution of rain and sewage,

diverting waste water from clean

water” to construct drainage

system in plant site; enhance

water-saving measurements and all

of industrial waste drainage should

be utilized in cyclic; domestic

sewage should be processed in

effluent treatment plant in new

developed area. Garbage storehouse

should equipped with leachate

collecting device, little leachate

can be back-ejecta and surplus

enter into effluent treatment

plant in new developed area after

being pre-processed in plant and

having come up to the standards.

The way to

process

leachate is

different from

the replied way

3

Take high-efficient measurements to remove dust,

to desulfurize and denitrate and to wash and adsorb

pollutants like dioxin, HCL and HF, making sure

that concentration of atmospheric pollutants can

come up to the standards; make further

argumentation of treatment scheme of dioxin and

Take high-efficient measurements

to remove dust, to desulfurize and

denitrate and to wash and adsorb

pollutants like dioxin, HCL and HF,

make sure that the concentration of

atmospheric pollutants can come up

Consistent


75


assessment



heavy metal which are presented in report and

accident pre-warning and countermeasure of this

treatment scheme in the chapter of preliminary

design on environment protection, if necessary,

more credibility and efficiency alternative scheme

should take into account.

to the standards.

4

Arrange block planning of plant site reasonably,

high-noise device should be installed far away from

factory boundary and take advantage of denoise

measurements like silencing and sound insulation to

ensure that the noise of factory boundary can come

up to the standards.

Take advantage of denoise

measurements like silencing and

sound insulation to ensure the noise

of factory boundary can come up to

the standards.

Consistent

5

Formulate differentiate and management system on

clinker and safely landfill of fly ash and clinker

belonged to hazardous waste should put into effect;

enhance the environment management of storage

and transportation and outward transportation,

construct inplant temporary field(storage) of clinker

in line with requirements of standards.

Disposal site of fly ash is located at

Everbright Environment Protection

(Suzhou) hazardous solid waste

landfill. Transport fly ash to this

landfill by truck, solidify and then

landfill.

Consistent

6

In accordance with the requirements of the Setting

of Pollution Discharge Outlet and Office Procedure

of Renovate Standard in Jiangsu Province (Suzhou

Environment Control [1997] No.122 ) to install all

kinds of pollution discharge outlets and signs.

Chimney should have permanent sampling hole and

equipped with sampling monitoring platform.

Install all kinds of pollution

discharge outlets in line with

requirements, no signs. Chimney

should be equipped with permanent

sampling hole.

Consistent

7

In accordance with the requirements of Greening

Standards of Urban Settlement and Organization in

Jiangsu Province (DB32/139-95), design greening

scheme reasonably within plants, construct factory

boundary greenbelt with trees like tall arbor, and

percentage of coverage of greenbelt in plant should

be not less than 30%.

Percentage of coverage of greenbelt

in plant is 30%. Consistent

8

Enhance knowledge education on safety in

production for employees, carry out responsibility

system of safety in production, and formulate risk

Formulate corresponding risk

prevention and emergency

treatment scheme.

Consistent


76


assessment



prevention and emergency treatment scheme.

9

In accordance with the requirements of “Opened

Factory Information”, inform corresponding

residents about information of environment

management and the environment quality around

plant site once per year.

Organize some activities for

promoting friendship with

corresponding resident

nonscheduled to introduce

condition of environment

management.

Consistent

10

Paying great attention to the pollution of dioxin, we

should monitor the concentration of dioxin

periodical in line with requirements of environment

protection department when everything is ready.

Request Center for Environmental

Quality Test, Tsinghua University to

track and monitor concentration of

dioxin in 2010 and the results has

been kept in the archives and be put

on records.

Consistent

Phase Project

1

Reform some issues in existing projects such as

factory boundary noise nearby cooling tower is

higher than standards, scarce capacity to make lime

cream and the way to process leachate immediately

to meet requirements of laws and regulations and

criterion on environment protection; complete

leachate treatment plant on schedule. All remarks

are one of necessary conditions of trial production

of these projects.

Take low noise measurements for

cooling tower and get done with

greening in administration quarter

before trial production of Phase

Project , take advantage of plane

figure of Phase Project to

enlarge factory boundary to

decrease noise. Add a set of lime

cream preparation device in Phase

Project which used for

sweetening treatment of incinerator

in Phase Project. Build leachate

back-ejecta station to make part of

leachate back-ejected, surplus

should enters into sewage disposal

works in new district by

connecting-pipe after processed by

supporting leachate treatment

station in Everbright factory.

The way to

process

leachate is

different from

that in the reply

2 Use domestic waste collected in a unified way by

environment protecting departments as fuel, process

Use domestic waste collected by

refuse transfer stations as fuel and Consistent


77


assessment



other industrial waste medical waste and hazardous

waste except domestic waste is forbidden.

no industrial waste, medical waste

or hazardous waste is accepted.

3

Using following methods to control smoke

pollutants: remove nitric oxides by selective

catalytic reduction SCR), remove acid gas in flue

gas by neutralization with semi-dry process,

providing high efficiency bag dust collector and

active carbon sprayer to adsorb and remove more

dioxin-like compounds and heavy metal. Make sure

residence time of fume is not less than two seconds

in condition when temperature is not less than

850℃. Two incinerators share one 80m height

chimney to exhaust smoke. Further optimize design

of incinerator, the removal rates of smoke pollutants

in incinerator should not less than the requirements

presented in the report. Monitor combustion

temperature, carbon monoxide, oxygen content in

incinerator and to measure the dosage of active

carbon along with local environment protection

departments. Follow the requirements of Standard

for Pollution Control on the Domestic Waste

Incineration (GB18485-2001) to discharge smoke

pollutants, and dioxin should refer to and carry out

the emission limit in Directive 2000/76/EC Of the

European Parliament and of the Council on the

Incineration of Waste (0.1ngTEQ/m3)

Invest 14,350,000 on five

incinerators of Phase Project

and two used for fume

denitrification and adopts SNCR

denitration which use ammonia as

reducer. Make sure residence time

of incinerating gas is not less than

two seconds in condition when

temperature is not less than 850℃.

Incinerating gas should be

discharged through 80m-height

chimney after processed by

semi-dry process deacidification +

active carbon adsorption + bag

filter. The concentration of

pollutants should meet the

requirements of Standard for

Pollution Control on the Domestic

Waste Incineration

(GB18485-2001), and dioxin

should refer to and carry out the

emission limit in Directive

2000/76/EC Of the European

Parliament and of the Council on

the Incineration of Waste

(0.1ngTEQ/m3). Monitor

combustion temperature, carbon

monoxide, oxygen content in

incinerator and to measure the

dosage of active carbon together

with local environment protection

departments.

Consistent

4 Conscientiously implement control measurements

of dust nuisance and odor in the process of

Adopt enclosed design in garbage

tipping stage and garbage transport Consistent


78


assessment



collection, transportation and storage of domestic

waste, adopts enclosed design in refuse tipping

stage and refuse transport system, refuse storage

pool and refuse transport system should be operated

in negative pressure, the structure used for process

leachate shall be equipped with sealing system.

Un-organization discharge atmospheric pollutants at

factory boundary should follow the requirements of

Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants

(GB16297-1996) and discharge odor pollutants

should follow the requirements of Emission

Standards for Odor Pollutants (GB14554 93)

system, refuse storage pond and

refuse transport system should be

operated in negative pressure, the

structure used for process leachate

shall be equipped with sealing

system. The fugitive discharge

atmospheric pollutants at factory

boundary should follow the

requirements of Integrated

Emission Standard of Air Pollutants

(GB16297-1996) and Emission

Standards for Odor Pollutants

(GB14554 93)

5

According to the principles of “distribution of rain

and sewage, diverting waste water from clean

water” design, construct and improve drainage

system in plant site and to increase the utilization

rate of water. Process water based on water quality,

part of leachate and wash water of tipping stage is

back-ejecta, surplus connect to effluent treatment

plant in new developed area for centralized

treatment along with domestic after pre-processed

respectively and has come up to connecting-pipe

standards. Other waste water should be recycled

after being pre-processed and having come up to

quality requirements of reuse water without

draining outward. No outlet can be set in plant.

Connecting-pipe standards follows three level of

Integrated Waste Water Discharge Standard

(GB8979-1996)

“Distribution of rain and sewage,

diverting waste water from clean

water”, part of leachate and wash

water of tipping stage is

back-ejecta, surplus connect to

effluent treatment plant in new

district for centralized treatment

along with domestic sewage after

being pre-processed respectively

and having come up to

connecting-pipe standards,

concentration of connecting-pipe

can meet three classes of Integrated

Waste Water Discharge Standard

(GB8979-1996). Surplus waste

water should be utilized cyclical.

Consistent

6

Optimize plane arrangement of plant site, install

high-noise device reasonably. Choose low-noise

device to decrease source intensity of noise of those

devices. Carry out noise reduction measurements

like sound insulation and noise elimination on

high-noise devices. The intensity of noise at factory

Optimize plane arrangement of

plant site, choose low-noise device,

adopts measurements like sound

insulation and noise elimination to

make factory boundary noise meet

three classes of Emission Standard

Consistent


79


assessment



boundary should meet three classes of Standard of

Noise at Boundary of Industrial Factories

(GB12348-90) and avoid noise problems.

for Industrial Factories Noise at

Boundary (GB12348-2008)

7

In strict accordance with the relevant regulations,

treat and dispose solid waste by sorting, and achieve

“recycle, reduction and safe”. Incineration fly ash,

after being treated, should be processed as

hazardous waste by certain organizations which

have qualifications to process hazardous waste after

solidification processed, and the measurements to

collect; store and transport those waste should

follow relevant government regulations of Standard

for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage

(GB18597-2001). Avoid other industrial solid waste

bringing secondary pollution based on overall

comprehensive utilization.

Incineration fly ash should be land

filled safely after solidification

processed by Suzhou hazardous

waste landfill. Comprehensively

utilize slag.

Consistent

8

Implement precautionary measure of environment

risks; draw up environment risk emergency preplan.

Install leachate adjusting tank with adequate

capacity to avoid discharge without be processed.

Take strict antiseepage measurement on garbage

storage pit, leachate collection pool and sewage

treatment station, set up necessary groundwater

monitoring points to monitor the quality of

groundwater periodical. Implement

pollution-prevention measures of exhaust pollution

when abnormal operation mode appears or during

maintenance.

Implement precautionary measure

of environment risk and emergency

preplan and install leachate

adjusting tank with total capacity of

11,000 m3. Take strict antiseepage

measurement on refuse storage pit,

leachate collection pool and sewage

treatment station, set up

groundwater monitoring points to

monitor the quality of groundwater

periodical. Blowout the furnace as

the need of production and

accident, foul gas in garbage

storehouse can be processed by

deodorization device located at

incinerator by blower and then

discharged.

Consistent

9

Cooperate with local government to make a good

control job of stand-off distance of projects, ensure

no sensitive buildings like school and residential

No sensitive buildings like school

and residential area within the

scope of stand-off distance. Pay

Consistent


80


assessment



area within the scope of stand-off distance. Pay

abundant attention on opinions of the mass and

relevant propaganda and explanation shall be well

done.

attention on opinions of the mass

and relevant propaganda and

explanation shall be well done.

10

Set up a monitoring point to monitor the

concentration of dioxin in atmosphere at nearest

sensitive point of down-wind of predominant wind

direction within plant site and the high ground

concentration point respectively. Set up a

monitoring point to monitor the concentration of

dioxin in soil at up-wind and down-wind of

predominant wind direction within plant site

respectively before debug incinerator. The results

should be presented to Jiangsu Environmental

Protection Department and put on records. After the

projects having been put into operation, we should

have a good job of tracking and monitoring of the

concentration of dioxin and the result should be put

on records.

We commit Zhejiang Province

Environmental Monitoring Center

to monitor concentration of dioxin

in atmosphere at nearest sensitive

point of down-wind of predominant

wind direction and the high ground

concentration point within plant site

and concentration of dioxin in solid

at up-wind and down-wind of

predominant wind direction within

plant site respectively before debug

incinerator. The results should be

presented to Jiangsu Environmental

Protection Department and put on

records. After the projects having

been put into operation, we commit

Center for Environmental Quality

Test, Tsinghua University to track

and monitor the concentration of

dioxin and the results should be put

on records.

Consistent

11

Follow the relevant government regulations to

install normative pollutants outlets and storage

(treatment) area, install on-line continuous

monitoring device of flue gas and smoke, sulfur

dioxide nitric oxides with local environmental

protection department.

Follow the relevant government

regulations to install normative

pollutants outlet and storage

(treatment) area, install on-line

continuous monitoring device of

fume and smoke, sulfur dioxide,

nitric oxides with local

environmental protection

department.

Consistent

The main difference between implement condition of existing projects and the


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original environment impact assessment report and its official and written reply is the

way to process leachate: the back-ejecta of all leachate cannot put into practice in

mechanical efficiency furnace; when conducting the environment impact assessment

of Phase Project , leachate was pre-processed by leachate treatment plant of

Qizishan Mountain domestic waste landfill, the Everbright factory has completed the

matching leachate pre-treatment station, and this station can avoid environment risk

when transporting leachate and low down potential impact to environment.

3.7 Main Environment Problems of Existing Projects

To sum up, the sanitary installation completed by Everbright Environmental

Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. are complete and all in good condition, and the

waste water, waste gas and noise from existing projects can come up to the standard to

discharge. Treatment of solid waste is reasonable and has achieved zero discharge.

At present, the way to process fly ash is solidification treatment in hazardous

waste landfill. Considering there has risk accidents during transportation, transport fly

ash after solidification and chelate can meet the requirement of environment

protection better.

3.8 The Measures of “Using New Method to Improve Old One”

Bing aimed at above problems and further management requirements of

environment protection arise in the operation of factory, Everbright Environmental

Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. will take following steps of “using new method

to improve old one” as well as enlarge Phase :

1 Solidification and chelate of fly ash within plant site;

2 Improve combustion control system—control the stirring times of fire grate,

decrease output of smoke of waste gas by control air leakage strictly and low current

velocity of exhaust gas;

3 Ensure that discharge concentration of exhaust can come up to EU 2000

Standard by choosing hop-pocket remove dust efficiently, cleaning and sootblowing;

4 Add dry process deacidification system to further decrease the output of

acid fume like HCl in exhaust by injecting lime slaking in flue before the exhaust has

entered into hop-pocket;


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5 Upgrade reconstruct project for leachate process station, and add advanced

treatment technological of “nanofiltration + reverse osmosis”.


83

4 Engineering Analysis of Phase Expansion

Project

4.1 The Necessity of Phase Expansion Project

In accordance with the Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene

(2006-2020) (Approved by Department of Construction of Jiangsu Province in 2007),

it is expected that the overall output of domestic waste of Jiangsu Province will reach

3,390 t/d in 2010 and 4,740 t/d in 2020, for details see Table 4.1-1.

Table 4.1-1 Prediction Table of Garbage Amount of Suzhou City

Area Name

Year 2010 Year 2020

Quantity

per capita

kg/p.d

Quantity

per capita

t/d

Quantity

per capita

kg/p.d

Quantity

per capita

t/d

Downtown

Area

Inner city and Wuzhong

Urban Area 1.23 1270 1.23 1310

Inner ring area of Suzhou

Beltway Highway 0.98 1740 1.14 2910

Subtotal - 3010 - 4220

Outer ring area of Suzhou Beltway

Highway 0.86 350 1.05 460

Scenic Areas 0.4 30 0.5 60

Total - 3390 - 4740

According to the Information Bulletin on Prevention and Control of

Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste of Suzhou City (Year 2009) issued by the

Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau in Jun. 2009, the output of domestic

waste of Suzhou City in 2009 is 1,554,300 tons (about 4,258 t/d) which has far

exceeded 3,390 t/d, the output of domestic waste of 2010 predicted in Professional

Planning of Environmental Sanitation in Suzhou City (2006-2020).

At present, however, the in the Phase and Phase projects of Everbright

Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, the garbage disposal capacity is


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about 2,580t/d, and the average amount of garbage entering incinerator after removing

the high moisture content 20.08% (amount of leachate from garbage dump where

garbage is kept) reaches 2,090 t/d, slightly more than designed operating load; Phase

of Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site in Suzhou City with a storage capacity of 4.7

million cubic meters has been filled up. After vertical pile expansion on former

address in 2009, the storage capacity is increased by 7.8 million cubic meters (which

is expected to serve 16 years and the designed disposal capacity is about 1,600 t/d).

As the domestic waste output increases with years, the burden of Qizishan

Refuse Landfill Site and Everbright Garbage Incinerator Plant has become more and

more heavy, and the capacity of existing garbage disposal facilities cannot meet the

needs of social life. As the only garbage landfill in Suzhou City, if Qizishan is filled

up, the garbage disposal in Suzhou City will be a great problem, and it is impossible

for Suzhou to find another land suitable for dumping garbage at present. When the

time comes, it will inevitably cause a scene of garbage siege. Therefore, it is very

necessary for Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd to carry

out its Phase Expansion Project.

4.2 Basic Composition of Phase Expansion Project

Table 4.2-1 Basic Components of Phase Expansion Project

Project Name Phase Expansion Project of Domestic Waste Incinerating Power Project of

Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd

Construction

Unit Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd

Principal Part

of the Project

3 sets of mechanical grate furnace, each with a designed incineration capacity of

500t/d. The designed incineration capacity of Phase is 1,500t/d;

Two 15MW condensing turbo-generator sets; dump pit with a volume of about

22,150 m3.

Products Plan An annual power generation of 194.9 million KWh, 18% of which for station

service, and the power sent into grid is expected to reach 156 million KWh.

Auxiliary

Projects

Comprehensive

utilization system of

Slag

Relying on the existing block production line, with an

annual production expected to be 35,000 m3


85

Leachate treatment

plant

Relying on existing processing capacity, the maximum

leachate production capacity of this project in summer is

480 t/d. The leachate treatment station adds an advanced

treatment technology of “nanofiltration + reverse

osmosis” for upgrading and reconstruction, after which,

the waste water can be reused.

Fly-ash

solidification

workshop

One set of cement solidification system with a processing

capacity of 15 t/h shall be constructed in the hazardous

waste landfill.

Public

auxiliary

projects

Garbage discharge

and supply system

This system consists of motor truck scale, discharging

platform, garbage discharge doors, dump pit, garbage

grinder and garbage feeding grabs, of which, the garbage

discharge doors number 6 and are of hydraulic type; the

dump pit can store 8,860 tons of garbage which

approximates the storage volume of 6 days; the grabs

total 3 (one of them is standby).

Leachate reservoir Set one 1,200 m

3 leachate reservoir under the garbage

dump pit, which can store leachate of about 2.5days.

Firing system Use 0# diesel fuel. This project relies on the oil tank of

existing engineering, without constructing new ones.

Chemical water

preparation system

The salt water elimination system of boiler adopts first

level reverse osmosis + mix bed technologies, with a

processing capacity of 20 t/h.

Water purification

system

Rely on the existing intakes and water purification

system.

Draft cooling tower 3×3,000m3/h

Air-pressure system Gas supply capacity of 3×24Nm3/min

Environmental

protection

projects

Ash&slag disposal

system

Set two fly-ash storages, each with an effective volume of

300 m3, one slag pit with an effective volume of 1,500

m3. The slag shall be sent to brickfield for comprehensive

use. Construct one fly-ash solidification device in the land

for Phase project of hazardous waste landfill, after

solidification, the fly ash which pass the pollutant

inspection shall be sent to the domestic waste landfill, and

the fly ash which pass the pollutant inspection shall be

sent to the hazardous waste landfill.


86

Fume treatment

system

SNCR is adopted for denitration. Each incinerator

connects one set of fume purification system in series,

three sets of devices being arranged parallelly. The fume

shall be treated by adopting semi-dry deacidification

tower + dry deacidification + active carbon injection

system + bag dedusting. The treated fume which reaches

the standards shall be exhausted through the 80m 3-tube

chimney.

Wastewater

treatment system

Slight amount of leachate will be injected back to the

furnace and the rest will be reused after been treated by

supporting treatment station and reaches the standards.

The domestic wastewater shall be sent to wastewater

disposal plant through tubes. Other factory effluent shall

be reused.

Deodorization

System

Dump pit adopts negative pressure. Both the primary and

secondary air needed for burning shall be taken from the

dump pits. Deodorizer shall be set.

Construction

investment

RMB 750 million including environmental protection investment of RMB 159.6

million which accounts for 21.28% of total investment.

Floor Space 40 mou are newly expropriated.

Number of the

staff Another 65 persons are newly employed.

Working

system Three shifts one day, eight hours one shift, 333 days (8,000 hours) one year

Note: There is no heat user around this project; therefore, the condensing units are constructed for

Waste-to-Energy.

Table 4.2-2 Changes on the Main Projects after the Completion of Phase

Expansion

Project Before Expansion After Expansion Changes

Principal part

of the project

Incinerator 3×350t/d+2×500t/d 3×350t/d+2×500t/d +3×500t/d Expansion

Condensing

turbo-gener

ator set

Power Output:

281,024,500 KWh

Power Output:

475,924,500 KWh

Expansion power

output will

increase

194,900,000KWh

Garbage

dump 16,000m

3+15,000m

3 16,000m

3+15,000m

3+22,150m

3 Expansion


87

Auxiliary

Projects

Comprehen

sive

utilization

system of

Slag

Annual production

of 40,000-50,000 m3

block

Annual production of

75,000-85,000 m3 block

Based on the

existing block

production line

Leachate

treatment

station

Leachate treatment

capacity of about

509t/d

The treatment capacity reaches

designed scale, 1,000t/d.

Based on the

existing station,

carry out

upgrading and

reconstruction

Fly-ash

solidificatio

n workshop

Rely on the

hazardous waste

landfill for

solidification

Add one set of cement

solidification system with a

treatment capacity of 15t/d in

hazardous waste landfill.

Newly Constructed

Public

auxiliary

projects

Firing

System

Adopt 0＃diesel oil,

one 20m3 oil

reservoir.

Adopt 0＃diesel oil, one 20m3

oil reservoir.

Based on the

existing system

Chemical

water

treatment

2×20t/h 3×20t/h Expansion

Draft

cooling

tower

6,800 m3/h+7,000

m3/h

6,800 m3/h+7,000 m

3/h+9,000

m3/h

Expansion

Air

compressor 5×24 m

3/min 8×24 m

3/min

Expansion

Environmental

protection

projects

Waste gas

5 sets of waste gas

treatment devices,

the fume is treated

by adopting SNCR

denitration +

semi-dry

deacidification

tower + dry

deacidification +

active carbon

injection system +

bag dedusting.

8 sets of waste gas treatment

devices, the fume is treated by

adopting SNCR denitration +

semi-dry deacidification tower

+ dry deacidification + active

carbon injection system + bag

dedusting.

Expansion


88

Waste

water

The leachate shall

be piped after been

treated through

supporting treatment

plant

Domestic

wastewater shall be

piped

Other factory

wastewater shall be

reused.

The leachate treatment station

adds a advanced treatment

technology of “nanofiltration +

reverse osmosis” for upgrading

and reconstruction, after which,

the waste water can be reused;

Domestic wastewater shall be

piped;

Other factory wastewater shall

be reused.

The leachate shall

be reused after

treatment and will

be not discharge.

4.3 Overview on the Geographic Positions of the Plants

The project of generating power from waste incineration of Everbright

Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd is located at foot of Qizishan to

the southeast of Mudu Town in Wuzhong District in Suzhou City, about 5.5 km away

from Mudu Town and 13 km from the main city zone of Suzhou City. The Phase

expansion project is located at south of the existing Phase and Phase projects,

facing Qizishan to the south; 200 m east away from the project are Qizishan refuse

landfill and Suzhou Hazardous Waste Landfill; Wuzhong Solid Waste and other

environmental protection enterprises at the west. The geographic positions of plants

are shown in Fig.2.1-1 and the ambient environment of the plants is shown in

Fig.4.3-1.

4.4 Overview on Land Occupation and Plan Layout of the Plants

The Project is located on the south of the existing plant, with an acquired area of

27,681 m2. The acquired land is primarily the flat land before Qizhishan and now

covered by a small amount of shrubs and weeds. The general information on land

occupation of phrase expansion projects is shown in Table 4.4-1.

Table 4.4-1 General Information on Land Occupation

Items Value Remarks

Plant area 27,681 m2


89

Floor space of buildings and

structures 18,911.5 m

2

Building density 54.7%

Calculate area with floor area

ratio 26,471.4 m

2

Floor area ratio 0.88%

Area of roads (including

parking area) 49,01.3 m

2

Greening area 8,757 m2

Rate of green coverage 30%

Length of enclosing wall 500m

Giving consideration to the requirements of production technology, transportation,

fire prevention, environment protection, sanitation, construction and life, etc.,

combining the landform, geology, weather and other natural conditions of the plant

and partly relying on the existing publish and auxiliary projects, the general

arrangement plan of the plant has made overall arrangement for all building,

structures, pipelines and transportation routes, striving for reasonable and compact

arrangement, safe and economical operation and being easy for overhaul. The plane

layout of the plant is shown in Fig.4.4-1.

The general physical arrangement goes as follows:

1 Major producing area of Phase

The major producing area is main machine hall where the garbage discharging

platform, garbage dump pit, boiler incineration room, main control building, steam

turbine room and power house are combined, with internal functions clearly assigned

and interference-free. The trucks for transporting garbage pass in and out from the

materials entrance.

2 Production supporting area of Phase

The production supporting area mainly includes cooling tower, fly ash

solidification workshop and chemical water treatment station, etc. This area is located

outside the major producing area and the air compressor station is located inside the

main machine hall. Oil tank, leachate treatment station and so on rely on the existing

projects and need no additional construction.

Office area and living area rely on the existing projects and need no additional

construction.


90

In addition, there are green belts on both sides of roads and around the buildings

in the plant to reduce the influence of noise and odor on the environment. The plane

layout of the plant shall give attention to requirement of landscape for demonstrating

the modern, green and environmental corporate image.

4.5 Overview of Projects and Equipment

4.5.1 Overview and Construction Schedule of the Project

This project is to construct 3 sets of 500 t/d incineration systems and 2 sets of

15MW Waste-to-Energy systems which is used to produce medium-temperature

medium-pressure superheated steam (400℃, 4.0MPa) by adopting technology of

generating power from garbage incineration in mechanical grate furnace, and assorted

condensing steam turbine set. The process technology is the same as that of the

existing project.

The construction schedule of this project is shown in Table 4.5-1.


91

Table 4.5-1 The Progress Schedule of the Project

No. Project Name Working time month

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

1 Project demonstration and previous work

2

Compilation and approval of the report on

environmental impact assessment

3 Compilation and approval of the project declaration

4 Preliminary design and examination

5 Construction design

6 Land-leveling operation

7 Equipment purchase/processing and manufacturing

8 Civil engineering

9 Equipment installation

10 Verification in cool state for equipment

11 Verification in thermal state for equipment

12 Final acceptance


92

4.5.2 Technological Flow

Like the existing engineering, this project still adopts reciprocating grate

incinerator. The whole process system consists of garbage crushing system, garbage

feeding system, auxiliary fuel supply system, incineration system, fume purification

treatment system, slag draining system, ash&slag integrated processing system,

steam-water system, instrumentation control system, chemical water treatment system,

electrical control system, steam turbines and power generation system, air cooling

system and power access system, etc.

The technique flowchart of generating power from garbage incineration in this

project is shown in Fig.4.5-1, and the technical process is presented as follows:


93

Fig.4.5-1 Technique Flowchart of Generating Power from Garbage Incineration in This Project

Dry Deacidification


94

4.5.2.1 Fuel Receiving and Delivery System

After entering the factory from materials entrance and being weighed by the

weight bridge, the garbage trucks, following instruction, drive ion the garbage

discharge hall to dump the garbage ion the garbage dump pit. After being mixed by

grab of crane, the garbage is sent to the incinerator.

� View

A viewing platform shall be set before the entrance of the weight bridge. The

garbage trucks and the garbage in them shall meet the requirements of Agreement on

Garbage Supply and Transport. The trucks which are not approved by parties, the

wastes which cannot be treated according to the agreement and the non-permissive

garbage which are not approved by both parties are not allowed to enter the factory.

Weighing System

In the current project, three sets of 50 ton weight bridges (the size of platform is

3.4×14m) are set near the materials entrance of the plant, adopting automatic electric

truck scale system. The output signal of the weight bridge is connected to computer

database to record time, truck number, total weights and net weight and other data.

Garbage Discharge Hall

The garbage discharge hall is designed for garbage trucks to drive in, drive

backward, discharge and drive out as well as for urgently repairing track. The

discharge hall, with ground height of 9m, top elevation of 17m, length of 116m and

width of 32m, 2-3 times of the turning radius of the probable largest truck, is set with

an upward driveway and downward driveway. The discharge area has no obvious

control mark to conduct trucks to discharge garbage. The discharge hall is fully

enclosed structure, and the door and window is designed gas tight to prevent odor

from leaking out. There are wastewater-leading grooves in discharge hall, which are

used for collecting the garbage leachate falling in drops when the garbage is

discharged from trucks and leading the leachate into the leachate collecting pit. Then

the leachate will be pumped into the leachate treatment system in the wastewater

treatment station.

Garbage Discharge Door

The garbage dump pit is provided with 6 garbage discharge doors which is

designed gas tight. The airtight construction is designed for prevent the dusts or odor

from the garbage as well as mosquitoes entering the platform. After entering the


95

platform, the trucks will drive to the discharge door to which the control room gives a

signal. Dam board shall be set before all the discharge doors to prevent the delivery

trucks turning over the garbage pit.

Garbage Dump Pit

Covering a land of 23.7 m × 60.3 m, the garbage dump pit can store 8,860 tons

of garbage, which is able to meet the demand for processing garbage about 6 days.

The garbage pit is of reinforced concrete structure and of semi-underground type. The

air in the pit will be pumped into the incinerator by the primary air fan above the

pump pit so as to control the accumulation of odor and methane gas and keep the

garbage dump pit in negative pressure.

Some water will sweat out during the course of garbage storage; the garbage pit

is therefore designed with a 2% longitudinal gradient which is advantageous of

leading the leachate. Stainless steel sewage bar screen is installed at the bottom of the

wall before the garbage pit in order to drain the leachate to the leachate pond which

has an effective volume of 1,200m3 and can store the garbage leachate about 2.5days.

Leachate back-injection device shall be set at the outlet of the separator. A small

amount of leachate injects back and the rest part will be pumped into the leachate

treatment station.

Anticorrosion treatment is adopted in the garbage dump pit, leachate collection

groove and leachate collection pond for fear the leachate might corrode the concrete

wall. Indraft device is added in the leachate collection groove and leachate collection

pond so as to inhale the foul gas into the garbage dump pit during the overhaul period.

Garbage Transportation

3 sets of garbage cranes are set on the top of the garbage dump pit, each with a

loading capacity of 15 tons, one of which for standby use. Set 3 sets of 10m3

hydraulic driving grabs, one of which for standby use. The standby grab is placed in

the warehouse for the convenience of timely replacement. A weighing device is set on

the trolley frame of the crane, providing the functions of metering, pre-alarm and

overloads protection. The weighing device can also display and record various

parameters of materials put into production in the crane room. The crane can feed raw

materials into 3 sets of incinerators as well as convey, mix and stack transfer the

garbage. The garbage shall be stockpiled in the designated area in order to ensure that

the garbage as fired is mixed evenly and burns steadily. In view of the severe


96

environment in the garbage storage pit, the crane operators operate in the crane

control room over the lateral side of the garbage storage pit. The crane is equipped

with manual operation system and semi-automatic operation function and can achieve

fast switching between them. Each control chair in the control room controls one lifter.

In addition, one set of wireless remote controller is provided for emergencies and

repair.

Firing and Auxiliary Fuel Oil System

The firing system of the boiler consists of the fuel oil system, main body of

boiler burner, ignition device, flame detector and corresponding controller and safe

protection device.

The fuel oil system consists of oil tank, oil filter and oil feed pump, adopting

piping-main scheme, with the oil supply and oil return main pipes close to the

incinerator burner. The existing project has one buried steel oil tank with a volume of

20m3 and two oil feed pumps, one of which for standby use, with a discharge capacity

of 3.6m3/h, discharge pressure of 2.5MPa and model of 3Gr42x6A. No new oil-supply

system is needed to be added in this project.

At ignition, both the lighting up burner and auxiliary burner shall be put into use.

When the incinerator is heated to 300～400℃, withdraw the lighting up burner, and

then evenly heat the hearth with auxiliary burner. When the hearth is heated to 850℃,

put the garbage into it; if the calorific value of garbage is too low to make the

afterburner flue gas temperature meet the requirement of “flue gas temperature

≥850℃ and retention time ≥2s”, the auxiliary burner will operate automatically,

which will completely remix the hazardous materials in the fuel gas and make them

meet the requirement for environmental protection.

4.5.2.2Incineration System

The incinerator of this project adopts the combustion technology of slanting

reciprocating pusher-type mechanical grates, and the design parameters are shown as

follows:

Lower calorific value of the

garbage

Maximum 8,000kJ/kg

Minimum 4,200kJ/kg

Design point 6,700kJ/kg


97

Annual water content ≤ 50%

Annual ash content ≤ 25%

Single-furnace rated treatment 500t/d

Single-furnace maximum 550t/d

Temperature of primary air ～220℃

Temperature of secondary air ～20℃

Rated mechanical load of grate

furnace 283 kg/(m

2·h)

Through the isolated operation on the travelling crane and garbage grab in the

garbage storehouse, the garbage in the storehouse is lifted in the feed hopper and then

charged to the entrance of the incinerator grate through the feed spout. The expansion

joints shall be used for connecting the feed hopper with the feed spout. The self-start

nozzle fire extinguishing system and closing valve for closing the feed hopper during

when stop the incinerator for overhaul and avoiding the flame or spark entering the

garbage storehouse when the feed spout or feed hopper catch fire. A material level

monitor shall be set in the feed spout to communicate with the central control room

and garbage isolation control room. The infeeding operation shall be conducted in

accordance with the alarm signal given by the material level monitor.

The garbage in the incinerator continuously rolls and mix on the hearth and

complete the whole process of drying, catching fire and burning. The incinerator gate

is divided into 3 areas separately for drying, gasification and burning through. Each

incinerator gate can be independently controlled by hydraulic control system. The

incinerator gate is made of heat-proof wear-resisting alloy steel. The hydraulic control

system controls the running speed of the incinerator gate and communicates with the

central control room.

A monitoring camera is equipped on the rear wall of the incinerator to monitor

the combustion process in the incinerator, supply the fume temperature and negative

pressure value at the burning layer and first flue duck and automatically control the

input and withdrawing of the auxiliary combustion system according to the datum of

oxygen and so on contained in smoke gases at the boiler exit. All these data shall

communicate with the central control room.

A small amount of leachate in the leachate regulation tank shall be injected into

the incinerator through pipeline and nozzle, and the injection rate shall be regulated

according to the combustion condition in the incinerator supplied by the monitoring

system to reduce the discharged capacity of leachate and improve the coking


98

condition in the incinerator.

The primary air is extracted from the garbage storehouse and heated to 220℃ by

the primary air preheater (with a single-stage extraction steam as heat source) before

being blowed in the ash hopper at the bottom of the incinerator. The primary air is

used for drying, gasifying, burning and burning out the garbage and cooling the

incinerator grate. The primary air is controlled by frequency converter and distributed

into different grate areas through adjustable valve for drying and combustion.

The secondary air in the incinerator is mainly for supplying enough combustion

air so that the combustible material in the flue gas can burn fully. The nozzle of the

secondary air is generally arranged crossed on the front and back walls of the first flue

duck, and the quantity, pipe diameter and position of the nozzle can ensure height

turbulence caused by the flue gas in the combustion chamber, which decomposes the

hazardous gas through full combustion.

4.5.2.3 Turbo Generator and Thermodynamic System

The heat energy generated in the incinerator can generate vapor through

exhaust-heat boiler and then converse into electrical energy through turbo generator

set. This project has allocated two 15MW extraction condensing turbo generator sets.

The exhaust-heat boiler of this project is the water-tube boiler with single boiler

drum, natural circulation and balanced ventilation. The flue duct of boiler is made up

of 3 access shafts + 1 horizontal channel + 2 fuel economizers. The heating surface of

the exhaust-heat boiler is set in such a way that the temperature of the flue gas can fall

below 250℃ by rapid cooling. Since the temperature range of 250～500℃ is

susceptible to dioxin, in the design of the exhaust-heat boiler, the detention time of

flue gas in this temperature range is minimized to avoiding dioxin. The three radiating

flues under the boiler supporting structure partly expand downward while other part

and the horizontal flue expand upward freely. The convection bank is supported by the

top collecting box on the side wall and can expand freely. The technical parameters of

the exhaust-heat boiler go as follows:

Rated garbage disposal capacity t/d 500

Maximum continuous evaporation t/h 42.8

Rated steam outlet pressure MPa G 4.0


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Rated steam outlet temperature ℃ 400

Working pressure of boiler drum MPa G 4.5

Working temperature of boiler drum ℃ 257

Boiler feed temperature ℃ 130℃

Pollution discharge rate % ～2

Exhaust gas temperature ℃ 195 -5 +10

Flue gas resistance Pa ～800

Boiler thermal efficiency % ≥80.5

Exhaust flue gas level (design point) Nm3/h 9.8×10

4

The exhaust-heat boiler supplies superheated steam of 4.0MPa and 400℃ which

enters into the steam turbine to works on and drives the generator to generate

electricity. After that, the exhaust steam enters into the steam condenser and become

condensation water which, pressurized by the condense pump and pass through

two-stage vapor extractor, gland steam heater, low pressure heater and deaerator,

returns to the exhaust heat boiler from boiler feed pump after deoxygenation. The

steam used for the low pressure heater and deaerator is supplied by running turbine

through steam extraction.

A two-stage vapor extractor is set in the steam-water system to make the steam

condenser keep certain vacuity and thereby enable steam turbine get the best possible

economical efficiency. The drain tank and drainage pump can collect drainage water

in relevant equipment and pipelines in the system and sent it to the deaerator, thereby

reduce the steam and water loss and improve the economical efficiency of the system.

The main steam system is equipped with a set of steam bypass system. When the

steam turbine is being examined or disorderly close down, the steam generated in the

incinerator/exhaust-heat boiler condenses through the bypass system. The bypass

system capacity is designed as 120% of the rated capacity of one set of steam turbo

generator. Turbine tripping without boiler tripping can ensure the garbage disposal

capacity.

4.5.2.4 Flue Gas Purification System

The flue gas generated from the garbage incinerator contains a lot of dust,

chlorine hydride, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur dioxide and other acidic harmful gas and

such poisonous substance as dioxin and heavy metal, etc.


100

By improving combustion control system (controlling the times of stirring fire

grate, strictly controlling the air leakage and reducing the flue gas flow rate), this

project can reduce the amount of the flue dust in the exhaust air. The project also

reduces the discharge amount of nitrogen oxide by adopting low nitrogen burner and

SNCR denitration.

The flue gas purification system still adopts the flue gas treatment system of the

existing project, which consists of semi-dry deacidification tower, dry deacidification

system, active carbon adsorption, bag-type dust collector, ash-conveying system and

flue gas online monitoring facilities, etc, each incinerator equipped with one set.

Flue gas of about 190℃ generated from the fuel economizer of the exhaust-heat

boiler enters into the spray drying reaction tower from its top. In the meanwhile, the

alkaline absorbent (lime hydrate solution) spurts out rapidly in the form of fogdrop

from the spinner nozzle and the fogdrops have large specific surface area, which

ensures good contact between the absorbent and flue gas. The flue gas and liquid

fogdrops together downwards, and most acid gases (such as HCI, HF, SO2, etc.) are

removed by absorption. The afterheat makes the water content in the serofluid

evaporates and the resultant of reaction are discharged in the form of dry solid. Before

the flue gas enters into the bag-type dust collector, inject the lime hydrate into the flue

again to further remove the acidic gases in the flue gas and reduce the discharge

amount of HCI, HF and so on; afterwards, inject active carbon to absorb dioxin and

heavy metal in the flue gas. The particulates carried in the flue gas are detented by the

filter cloth of highly efficient bag-type dust collector and form a filter layer. When the

flue gas passes the filter layer formed by the particulates, the gaseous pollutant can

still react with the non-reacted lime in filter layer and thereby been further purified.

The ash captured by the dust collector is periodically removed by the deashing device.

The treated flue gas will be again drawn into the 80-meter chimney-group for

discharge. The ash collected by the purification system, after being sent to the

solidification workshop by tank lorry for solidification treatment and reach the

standards, is transported to the landfill.

The amount of lime injected into the semi-dry deacidification tower is about

5,775 t/a, the amount of lime injected into the dry deacidification system is about

2,100 t/a, and the amount of injected active carbon is about 258t/a.

The detailed process is shown as below:


101

4.5.2.5 Ash & Slag Disposal System

Slag disposal system: the slag discharging amount of single set 500t/d

incinerator is about 121.68t/d (40,560t/a), and the overall slag discharging amount of

Phase expansion project is 365.04t/d (121,680t/a). The slag generated after the

garbage combustion falls into the water cooling-type slag discharge machine and is

exhausted into the slag pit. Then the slag will be loaded into the dump truck by grab

and transported to the brick field for comprehensive use. The finer garbage which

leaks from the gap of grate is sent to the slag pit by the grate leaking slag conveyor.

The slag, covering an area of 5.6m×53.55m, 5m deep, can store about 3.5 days’ slag

of 3 sets of incinerators under the rated load.

The cooling water of the slag discharge machine shall be used circularly.

Fly ash treatment system: the fly ash amount of single set 500t/d incinerator is

about 16t/d (5,328t/a), and the total fly ash amount of Phase expansion project is

48t/d (15,984t/a). Among the flue gas entering into the deacidification reaction tower,

the larger particulates, by centrifugal force, are attached to the wall of the reaction

tower and finally fall on the bottom of the reaction tower. The collections at the

bottom of the deacidification reaction tower are resultants of deacidification reaction

and mixtures of the resultants, which fall in the ash hopper of the reaction tower; the

fly ash (including active carbon and lime hydrate injected in) contained in the flue gas

is trapped by bag-type dust collector to the ash hopper. All fly ash in the ash hopper is

sent to the fly ash storehouse by shell-type conveyor and finally to the solidification

workshop. The solidification workshop of this project is set in the land for the Phase

expansion of fly ash solidification workshop, and the fly ash generated after

garbage of the whole factory are burnt out is sent to the hazardous waste landfill by

tank trucks.

Fig. 4.5-2 Flue Gas

Lime hydrate

solution

Active

carbon

Bag-type dust

collector Draft

Fan Chimney

Flyash collecting system

Semi-dry

deacidification

tower

Flue

gas

Lime

hydrate SNCR

Denitration


102

The fly ash and reactants are solidified by using cement. Set up one cement

solidification system with a treatment capacity of 15t/h, which mainly consists of ash

storehouse, cement silo, weighing box, dust valve, measuring hopper, moulding

machine, water spraying system and control system. The two ash storehouses, each

with a volume of 300m3, can store about 6 days’ ash of 3 sets of incinerators under

normal operation; one cement silo with a volume of 60m3, is arranged at the left side

of the flue gas purification area. The cement is sent to the cement silo through

pneumatic conveying. The fly ash reactant stored in the ash storehouse, according to

certain mixing ratio, is mixed with cement and coagulator and then put into the

blending bunker through the dust valve. After mixed up through vibrating blending

bunker, the fly ash enters the moulding machine for shaping.

The fly ash generated by the incineration in this project, after solidification and

chelation, is checked once a week by Everbright Environmental Protection Energy

(Suzhou) Solid Waste Disposal Limited. If the check result meets the landfill

requirements defined in the Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of

Household Garbage (GB16889-2008), the fly ash will be sent to the Qizishan

domestic waste landfill; if not, the fly ash shall enter into the hazardous waste landfill

for safe landfill.

4.5.2.6 Leachate Treatment System

The garbage is transported into the garbage dump pit for storage, and the water

contained in the garbage will exude gradually. Measured by the maximum amount in

summer, it is estimated about 480 m3/d. The leachate contains a certain amount of

heavy metal and other poisonous substance, the composition of which is complicated.

The bottom of the garbage dump pit is designed with a dip angle of 2°, which makes

the leachate and other sewage flow into the bottom of the garbage discharge outlet and

the lateral leachate collecting gutter and, after filtered by stainless wire net, enter into

the leachate collecting sump which has been given anti-seepage treatment. A small

amount of leachate is injected into the garbage incinerator through atomizing nozzle

for high-temperature incineration and segmentation, and the rest shall be reused after

been pumped into the leachate pre-treatment station for treatment.


103

4.5.3 Main Equipment and Environmental Protection Facilities

Main equipment and environmental protection facilities of this project are

shown in Table 4.5-2 and Table 4.5-3.

Table 4.5-2Main Equipment of This Project

Items Unit Parameters

Incinerator/exhaust-heat boiler 3

sets

Category Mechanical grate

incinerator

Rated garbage

incineration amount t/d 3×500

Fuel value kJ/kg 8,860

Hearth temperature ℃ 850~900

Retention time of flue gas

in hearth s ≥ 2

Temperature at flue gas

outlet ℃ 190

Clinker ignition losses % < 3

Steam temperature ℃ 400

Steam pressure MPa 4.0

Rated evaporation t/h 126

Feed-water temperature ℃ 130

Boiler thermal efficiency % 81

Steam turbines 2sets

Category Condensing

Rated power MW 2×15

Rated inlet steam pressure MPa 3.8

Rated inlet steam

temperature ℃ 390

Rated inlet steam amount t/h 150

Rated Rotation speed rpm 3,000

Generator 2sets

Rated power MW 2×15

Power factor 0.8

Rated Rotation speed rpm 3,000

Outlet voltage kV 10.5

Excitation ways Brushless excitation

Garbage discharge door 6 Mode

Inclined

dragging type

Size mm H×W 5,000×3,800


104


Grab crane 2

Mode Double-beam bridge type

Hoisting capacity t 2×15

Span m 31.2

Sling height m 32.6

Cart travelling distance m 80

Garbage hopper 3

Mode Electro-hydraulic

multi-peel

Grab volume m3

3×10

Closing/opening time s 13/7

Garbage feeder 3sets Transport capacity t/h 3×10

Slag discharge machine 6sets Transport capacity t/h 6×5

Grate slag leakage conveyor

6sets Transport capacity t/h 6×2

Primary draft 3sets

Air quantity Nm3/h 3×18,086

Rotation speed rpm 1,450

Electrical motor V 380

Secondary draft 3sets Air quantity Nm

3/h 3×44,649


Incinerator wall cooling fan

3sets

Air quantity Nm3/h 3×15,777


Condensate pump 4sets Flow rate m

3/h 4×60

Pump lift mH2O 120

Boiler feed pump 3sets

Flow rate m3/h 3×75

Pump lift mH2O 600


Boiler feed pump 2sets

Flow rate m3/h 2×50

Pump lift mH2O 600


Medium pressure deaerator

2sets

Rated output t/h 2×75

Working pressure Mpa 0.27

Extracted water

temperature ℃ 130

Water inlet temperature ℃ ≥50

Oxygen content in

extracted water mg/l ≤0.016

Deaerating water tank m3

35


105


Chemical preparation system

1set

Technology One-stage revise

osmosis+mixed bed

Processing capacity t/h 20

Compressed air system 3sets Air demand Nm3/min 3×24

Table 4.5-3 Overview of the Environmental Protection Facilities of This

Project


Flue

gas

treatment

Deacidification

reaction tower

3sets

Amount of flue gas Nm3/h 3×100,000

Inlet flue gas

temperature ℃ 190

Flue gas retention time s > 4

Flue gas outlet

temperature ℃ 150

Bag-type dust

collector 3sets

Amount of flue gas Nm3/h 3×100,000

Inlet flue gas

temperature ℃ 150

Effective filtration area m2

3,200

Filtration rate m/min 0.8

Working resistance Pa < 1,200

Bag-type filtration

material PTFE+PTFE coating

Lime hydrate

injection system

3sets

Injection quantity kg/h 3×85

Active carbon

injection system

3sets

Injection quantity kg/h 3×20

Chimney

Mode Telescope feed

Height m 80

Inner diameter of the

outlet m 3×2.0

Flue gas online

monitoring

Monitor many relevant parameters such as concentration of flue

dust (particulates), SO2, NOx and CO, flue gas flow rate,

temperature, humidity and oxygen content, etc, and record the

discharge rate and total discharge amount ,etc.

Flue gas control measures Method High-efficiency bag-type dust

collector


106


Dust removal efficiency % 99.9

Outlet concentration mg/m3 ≤ 10

SO2 control measures

Method Semi-dry reaction tower+dry

deacidification

Reduction ratio % 85


NOX control measure

Method Combustion control

method+SNCR denitration

Reduction ratio % 50


CO control measures Method

Strengthen the combustion in

incinerator and improve the

secondary draft head to allow

more complete combustion.


HCl and HFcontrol measures

Method Semi-dry reaction tower+dry

deacidification

Removal rate % 96

Outlet concentration mg/m3 HCl≤10 mg/m3 HF≤1 mg/m3

Organic pollutant (dioxin) control

measure

Method “3T” active carbon

absorption+bag-type dust

removal

Removal rate % 99.9

Outlet concentration ≤ 0.1TEQ ng/m3

Cadmium control measure

Method

Semi-dry method+ dry

deacidification bag-type dust

removal

Removal rate % 80

Outlet concentration mg/m3 ≤ 0.05

Lead control measure

Method



removal

Removal rate % 99


Quicksilver control measure

Method



removal

Removal rate % 80


Odor control measure Method

Close the garbage discharge

room and garbage dump pit;

Draft fan intakes air to form

slight negative pressure in the

garbage pond; Draft fan

extracts air to incinerate; set

deodorizer.


107


Effect Discharge comes up to the

standards

Drainage treatment measure

Method

A small amount of leachate is

injected back, and the rest

treated in the matching leachate

treatment station is reused for

re-circulated cooling water

after reach the quality standard

of reuse water; the drainage

part of the chemical water

treatment system is used for

lime slurry preparation, part of

which is used for water

utilization in brick field and the

rest is used for water spraying

on roads and discharge

platform; the cooling tower

drainage is reused for

deslagging cooling water; the

domestic sewage is connected

with pipes to the sewage

treatment plant in new district.

Leachate disposal

capacity t/d

Inject back 50t/d, reuse 430t/d

after pre-treatment

Slag disposal measure Method Comprehensive utilization

Disposal capacity t/d 365.04

Fly ash control measure Method

Those passing the solidification

inspection are sent to the

domestic waste landfill and

those not passing the inspection

are sent to the hazardous waste

landfill.

Disposal capacity t/d 48

Noise control measure

Method

Present noise control indicators

to the equipment suppliers; set

muffle, sound proof casing and

two storied door and window;

control the window size of the

steam turbine room, etc.

Effect

Ensure that the noise at the

boundary of the factory comes

to the standards.

Greening measure Method

Plant trees and grass with

strong adsorbility on both sides

of the roads and around the

factory buildings.

Greening coefficient ％ 30

4.6 General Information of Raw and Auxiliary Materials


108

4.6.1 Fuel

Similar to the existing project, the major fuel of the Phase expansion project

is domestic waste, with light diesel as starting up and combustion-supporting fuel.

The designed domestic waste treatment scale of Phase expansion project is

1,500 t/d, and three 500 t/d incinerators are adopted. Similar to the existing project,

the service coverage is still the urban area of Suzhou City, and this project will not

establish new transportation lines. The domestic waste are transported by the sealed

haulage trucks and breech loading sealed haulage trucks in the environmental sanitary

administration of Suzhou from the designated garbage transfer stations to the

discharge hall expanded in this phase and discharged into the garbage storehouse. The

construction of this project has greatly reduced the amount of garbage entering into

the Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site.

According to the existing engineering operation cases, auxiliary fuels are needed

when start up the incinerator to make the incinerator temperature reach the operating

condition required for garbage incineration. Under the design conditions,

4~6t/incinerator fuel oil is consumed for each cold start and 2~3t/incinerator fuel oil is

consumed for each warm start. One 20m3 oil tank is set in the oil tank area of the

existing project, which can meet the fuel oil demand when the 3 incinerators of Phase

start at the same time. Therefore, no new oil storage will be established for Phase

project.

The technical analysis and element analysis on the garbage fuels and light diesel

used in Phase expansion project are same as those in section 3.3.1.

4.6.2 Main Auxiliary Materials

The main auxiliary materials needed in the process of garbage incineration are

shown in Table 4.6-1.

Table 4.6-1 The Usage of the Main Auxiliary Materials in This Project

No. Items Unit target (kg/h) Year’s target

(t/a) Remarks

1 Lime 984.4 7,875

2 Active carbon 32.26 258

3 Ammonia liquor 93.75 750 Concentration: 20%


109

4.7 Public Auxiliary Projects

4.7.1 Water Supply and Drainage

4.7.1.1 Water Supply

The domestic water of this project is from the tape water and the production

water is from Xujiang River.

The designed maximum daily fresh water replacement is 1,779 t/d, of which

1,681 t/d from river water and 98t/d from tape water. The tape water is used for office

and living use, chemical examination use in laboratory, brick field

compounding-purpose water, water service in leachate treatment station; the river

water is mainly used for production, including water implementation for circulation

and cooling system, chemical water treatment system and wash water.

In the existing project, a raw water pumping station is established on the south

bank of Xujiang, the pure water supply being maintained around 200m3/h. The water

consumption of Phase and Phase in the summer of 2010 is about 2,700~2,960

m3/d (about 123 m

3/h), and the water consumption in winter is about 2,500~2,600

m3/d (about 108 m

3/h). The residual water deliverability of water purification station

of the existing project is about 1,920 m3/d (80 m

3/h). Because this project needs to

replenish industrial water consumption of about 1,779 m3/d (74 m

3/h), the existing

project can be relied on.

The water consumption of this expansion project is shown in Table 4.7-1.

Table 4.7-1 Table of Water Consumption of Phase Expansion Project

Name

Water

consumption

m3/d

Feed

water

amount

m3/d

Amount of

reusable

water m3/d

Remarks

Domestic water 10 10 0 Tap water

Brick field

compounding-purpose

water

30 30 0 Tap water

Water service for leachate 112 58/54 112

58/54 0 Tap water /River


110

treatment station purification

Circulating cooling

make-up water 1,732 1,270 462

Makeup water comes

from river purification

and the reusable water

comes from the

advanced treatment of

leachate

Chemical water treatment

system make-up water 184 184 0 River purification

Lime

compounding-purpose

water

173 173 0 River purification

Water used for cooling the

slag dragging machine and

flushing slag

233 0 233

Water discharged from

the cooling tower

Boiler feedwater 116 0 116 Chemical water

Water for washing terrace 68 0 68

Water discharged from

the chemical water

treatment

Water sprayed on

greenbelt and roads 25 0 25 Boiler drainage

Total 2,683 1,779 904

4.7.1.2 Drainage

This project adopts wastewater segregation system and the main drainages go as

follows:

Compared with the leachate discharge quantity of existing project, the summer

maximum discharge quantity of garbage leachate is about 374t/d which enters into the

leachate regulating basin together with the discharge platform washing water of 68t/d.

And then, 50t/d is injected back to incinerator and the rest 392t/d enters into the

supporting leachate treatment station; after advanced treatment, 462t/d is reused for

circulating cooling water and 24t/d concentrated water is sent to the incinerator for

incineration.

The domestic wastewater of 8t/d is sent to the sewage treatment plant in new

district through pipeline.

The 25t/d water discharged from the boiler steam-water system is clean water


111

which is used for greening and road watering.

4.7.1.3 Water Balance Diagram

The water balance of Phase expansion project is shown in Fig. 4.7-1 and that

of the whole plant after finishing Phase can be seen in Fig. 4.7-2.

Fig. 4.7-1 Water Balance Diagram of Phase Expansion Project

Unit: t/d

Xujiang River

1,681

1,270 Cooling

tower

233

4,500t/h

12~15%lime slurry compounding

Loss 1,499

7 Take away slag

Greening, road

watering

Loss 25

Loss 173

Chemical water

treatment 184

Washing terrace

and trucks

68

116 Steam-wat

er system

Leachate

regulating basin

392

25 68

Cooling the slag dragging

machine and flushing

slag

Loss 226

140t/h

Leachate in

garbage

storehouse

374

173

Loss 91

Inject back 50

Loss 30 Tape water

98

Leachate treatment

station

442

8

Loss 2

54 Reverse osmosis wash water

Incinerator

Living water

Discharged to the sewage

treatment plant in new

district through municipal

sewer net

58 Reverse osmosis wash

10

Loss 18

Brick field compounding-purpose water 30

462

Incinerator

24

462


112

Fig.4.7-2 Water Balance Diagram of the Whole Factory

Unit: t/d

4.7.1.4 Chemical Water Treatment

Boiler feed water is demineralized water which is made by adopting the

technology of reverse osmosis plus mixed bed, with the following technological

processes: filter the production water with multi-medium filter and active carbon filter,

add scale inhibitor in the filtering water to avoid scale formation, and pour the

Xujiang River

4,036

3,055

Cooling tower

558

14,200t/h

12~15%lime starry

Loss 3,581

17 Take away slag

Greening, road

Loss 60

Loss 173

Chemical water

treatment 439

Washing terrace

and trucks

162

277 Steam-wat

er system

Leachate

treatment

918

60

162

Cooling the slag dragging

machine and flushing

Loss 541

340t/h

Leachate in garbage

886

413 Loss 217

Inject back 130

Loss 71.5 Tape water

254.5

Leachate

treatment station

1,048

36

Loss 9

129 Reverse osmosis wash

Incinerator

Living

water

Discharged to the

sewage treatment 45

Loss 43

Brick field 71.5

1,084

Incinerator

58

1,084

138 Reversal osmosis wash


113

filtering water to precision filter for further filtration. After boosting pressure, the

filtering water enters into the reverse osmosis equipment and then the mixed bed and

the qualified demineralized water will be finally produced through precision filtration.

The concentrated water produced during the reverse osmosis process is taken as

deslagging water, and the residual acid and alkali liquid, after neutralization, is

drained to the cooling tank and discharged outside after its temperature falls.

Water quality index of the demineralized water:

Hardness ≈ 0 mol/L

Electricity conductivity ≤ 0.3μs/cm

Silicon dioxide ≤ 200μg/L

The water preparation is set in the water decontaminated room under the

discharge hall. Design one water preparation system with a water preparation capacity

of 20t/h which can operate both automatically and manually. The acid and alkali

liquid for the system shall be transported to the acid or alkali storage tank by trucks.

The main equipment include multi-medium filter, mixed bed, precision filter, raw

water tank, intermediate water tank, clean water tank, various pumps and acid or

alkali storage tank.

4.7.2 Power Supply System

This project has an annual generation capacity of 194.9 million KWh, 18% of

which is supply for the factory and 156 million KWh is expected to be sold.

In this phase, the electric generating plan plans to connect to the established

110kV electricity grid, and the former 110kV wire connection in Phase shall be

reconstructed. After reconstruction, the main supply is connected to the 110kV gold

cat through an 110kV cable and become an 110kV circuit. The spare wire, through an

110kV cable, contact with the GIS outgoing feeder, which forms two 110kV incoming

feeders. For the 110kV electric main connection mode, it is planned to adopt single

bus scheme. For the 10kV bus, sectionalized single-bus connection scheme is adopted.

The voltage at the outlet of the electric generator is 10.5kV, separately connected to

the sections and of the 10kV bus and finally connected into the grid after

increasing voltage through 25,000kVA and 20,000kVA.

For the 10kV station electric auxiliary system, the power plant plans to adopt

single bus the 10kV station high-voltage equipment and station transformer of boiler 6


114

and boiler 7 are powered by the section of 10kV bus, and the new added No.1

generator shall be connected into section of the bus. The 10kV station high-voltage

equipment and station transformer of boiler 8 are powered by the section of 10kV

bus, and the new added No.2 generator shall be connected into section of the bus.

The 0.4kV station electric auxiliary system adopts sectionalized single-bus

connection. Single boiler corresponds to a single station working transformer and one

section of 0.4kV bus. Set one standby station transformer with the a capacity same as

that of the working transformer, corresponding one section of standby bus, and the

two buses are connected by a bus-bar switch.

4.7.3 Compressed Air System

The compressed air system is divided into compressed air for general use and

instrument compressed air. The compressed air for general use is used for

pneumatically transmission and blowing and the instrument compressed air is used for

instruments, meters and bag-type dust collectors, etc. Three non-lubricated air

compressors are set in the compressed air station, with same parameters: 0.8MPa,

24.0m3/minute.

Compressed air station is located inside of the main machine hall.

4.7.4 Storage and Transportation

The total transportation of Phase expansion project is about 806,300t/year,

and details are provided in the table below. The domestic waste of 659,300t/year,

combustion-supporting light diesel of 150t/year, lime of 7,875t/year, active carbon of

258t/year and ammonia water of 750t/year are transported in; ash and slag of

13.8t/year are transported out.

Table 4.7-2 Table of Annual Transportation Quantity Unit: ten thousand t/a

Items Quantity transported

in Item

Quantity

transportation out

Domestic waste 65.93 Ash 1.6

Combustion-supporting light

diesel 0.015 Slag 12.2

Lime 0.7875


115

Active carbon 0.0258

Ammonia water 0.075

Total 66.8333 Total 13.8

4.7.4.1Fuel Storage

1 Storage in the garbage storehouse

A garbage dump pit is set in the plant of this project, covering an area of 23.7m ×

60.3m, and it can store 8,860 tons of garbage which can meet the treatment amount

demand for about 6 days. The garbage dump pit is enclosed to prevent odor from

escaping. And deodorizer shall be set.

There is a slope gradient of 2% in the width direction of the garbage dump pit. 6

grille doors are set near the garbage in-taking tank so as that the garbage sewage can

flow into the sewage tank along the sewage ditch through the grille doors. The odor in

the dump pit is extracted out by primary air fan and used as combustion-supporting air

in the incinerator.

2 Diesel storage

One 20m3 oil tank is set in the oil tank area of the existing project, which can

supply the fuel enough for starting up 3 incinerators of Phase at the same time.

Therefore, there is no need to add new oil house for Phase project.

4.7.4.2 Fuel Transportation

Similar to the existing project, the domestic waste are still transported by the

sealed haulage trucks and breech loading sealed haulage trucks in the environmental

sanitary administration of Suzhou from the designated garbage transfer stations to the

discharge hall expanded in this phase and discharged into the garbage storehouse. No

new transportation route is established for the Phase expansion project.

4.8 The Production and Discharge of Main Pollutants

4.8.1 The Production and Discharge of Wastewater

1 Wastewater source and treatment

The wastewater generated from the garbage incineration plant, by its source and

pollutant property, can be divided into high concentration organic wastewater and low


116

concentration wastewater. The high concentration organic wastewater mainly comes

from the garbage leachate and the water for washing terrene and trucks, and the low

concentration wastewater is domestic sewage, water drained from the chemical water

treatment system, boilers and cooling tower.

Because the pollution factor from the garbage leachate is of high concentration

and complicated composition, according to the operation experience of the existing

project, this project plans to inject a small amount of leachate back to the incinerator,

the rest entering into the supporting leachate treatment station together with the water

washing terrace and trucks for advanced treatment. After reach the reusable water

quality standards, the leachate shall be reused as circulating cooling make-up water.

The domestic sewage shall be sent to the sewage treatment plant in new district

through pipeline. The water drained from the chemical water treatment system is used

for washing the terrace and trucks; water from circulating cooling system is used for

cooling the slag dragging machine and rushing slag; the water from steam-air system

of boiler is used for greening and road watering.

2 Wastewater generation and drainage

The maximum amount of the garbage leachate generated in summer of Phase

expansion project is about 374t/d, which enters into the leachate regulating basin

together with 68t/d of water washing discharge platform and trucks. Of which, 50t/d is

injected back to the incinerator and the rest 392t/d enters into the supporting leachate

pre-treatment station for treatment. The existing treatment technology is anaerobic

treatment + SBR + ultrafiltration membrane technology. In this upgrading and

reconstruction, “nanofiltration+reverse osmosis” technology is adopted. When the

leachate reaches the reusable water quality standards after advanced treatment, 462t/d

is reused as circulating cooling make-up water. The 24t/d of concentrated water is

injected into the incinerator for incineration.

The domestic sewage of 8t/d is sent to the sewage treatment plant in new district

through pipeline.

Based on the data of the existing project and like projects, the pollutant

concentration of leachate and water washing terrace and trucks of this project before

and after treatment are shown in Table 4.8-1. The pollutant concentration of all

streams of wastewater before and after treatment is shown in Table 4.8-2.

Table 4.8-1 Production and Treatment of Such high Concentration


117

Wastewater as Leachate

Wastewater

name

Wastewater

amount

(t/a)

Pollutant production

Treatment mode

Reuse of pollutant

Main

pollutant

Concentration

(mg/L)

Amount

t/a

Main

pollutant

Concentration

(mg/L)

Reuse

amount

(t/a)

Leachate 124,542

COD 35000~50000 4,359~6,227

16,650t/a is injected back; of

the rest, after treated by the

anaerobic

treatment+SBR+ultrafiltration

membrane technology and

advanced treatment,

1,533,846t/d is reused and

7,992t/d of concentrated

water enters into the

incinerators for incineration.

Wastewater 153,846

BOD 12000 1,494.50 COD 60 /

SS 3000 373.63 BOD 10 /

NH3-N 2000 249.08 NH3-N 10 /

TP 250 31.14 TP 1 /

Water for

washing

truck and

terrace

7,992t/d

22,644

COD 5000 113.22

BOD 2000 45.29

SS 500 11.32

NH3-N 300 6.79

TP 20

0.45


118

Table 4.8-2 Production and Drainage of All Streams of Wastewater of This Project

Wastewater

name

Wastewater

amount

(t/a)


Treatment mode

Wastewater

drainage/reuse

amount

t/a)

Discharge/reuse of pollutants The place where the

wastewater is

discharged

Main

pollutants

Concentration

(mg/L)

Amount

t/a

Main

pollutants

Concentration

(mg/L)

Discharge

amount(t/a)

Leachate 124,542

COD 35000~50000 4,359~6,227

16,650t/a is injected back; of the rest, after treated by the

anaerobic treatment+SBR+ultrafiltration

membrane technology and advanced treatment,

153,846t/d is reused and 7,992t/d of concentrated

water enters into the incinerators for incineration.

153,846

COD 60 -

Reused as

circulating

cooling

make-up

water.

BOD 12000 1,494.50 BOD 10 -

SS 3000 373.63 NH3-N 10 -

NH3-N 2000 249.08 TP 1 - TP 250 31.14

Water for

washing

truck and

terrace

22,644

COD 5000 113.22

BOD 2000 45.29

SS 500 11.32

NH3-N 300 6.79

TP 20 0.45

Domestic

sewage 2,664

COD 400 1.07

/ 2,664

COD 400 1.07 Sent to the

sewage

treatment

plant

through

pipeline

BOD 200 0.53 BOD 200 0.53 SS 150 0.40 SS 150 0.40

NH3-N 35 0.09 NH3-N 35 0.09

TP

5 0.01

TP

5 0.01

Water 77,589 COD 50 3.88 / 77,589 COD 50 - Reused for


119

drained

from the

cooling

tower

SS 20

1.55

SS 20

-

discharging

slag and

cooling

Water

drained

from

chemical

treatment

system

22,644

pH 10~11

/ 22,644

pH 10~11 -

Reused for

washing

trucks and

terrace

COD 50~100 1.13~2.26 COD 50~100 - BOD 20~50 0.45~1.13 BOD 20~50 -

SS 20~50 0.45~1.13 SS 20~50 -

Water

drained

from boiler

8,325 pH 10~11 - / 8,325 pH 10~11 -

Reused for

road

watering


120

4.8.2 Production and Exhaustion of Waste Air

4.8.2.1 Flue Gas from Incinerators

The Phase expansion project adopts the incinerators and flue gas treatment

equipment same as those of existing project. Based on the supplementary monitoring

data after monitoring for acceptance and stable running of the existing project and

combining the “using new method to improve old one” measure and designed

parameters the Phase expansion project plans to adopt, the source intensity of the

pollutants in the flue gas of this expansion project is estimated in accordance with the

EU 2000 emission standard. The detailed monitoring data are presented in Section

3.6.1.

1 Components of flue gas

The domestic waste in our country are not classified effectively and have

complex component, especially the plastic package, battery, disused electronic

products which have many poisonous and harmful substance and are inclinable to

cause dust, acidic gas, heavy metal and dioxin to exhaust with flue gas during the

incineration, the harmful gases including NOx, SO2, HCl, HF, CO, etc. The main

component analysis on the flue gas goes as follows:

Dust

The ash and inorganic substances in the garbage produce dust during incineration,

part of which goes out of the incinerators with the flue gas flow. In addition, the lime

and active carbon powder injected in the incinerator during the flue gas incineration

forms dust when the flue gas becomes dry under high temperature. The larger part of

ash produced during the garbage incineration is discharged in the form of bottom ash.

After been purified in semi-dry neutralizing tower and bag-type dust collector, the

dusts of large granules are removed, and the discharged dusts are mainly PM10. Based

on the monitoring data, the dust discharge concentration is between 4.07~20.0 mg/m3.

During this expansion project, enterprises plan to reduce the amount of dusts in

exhaust air by improving combustion control system (controlling the times of stirring

the grate, strictly controlling air leakage and lowering the flow rate of flue gas); and

use the bag with high dust collection efficiency and clean the bag timely to keep the

average outlet density of dust under 10 mg/m3, thus the discharge amount of PM10 is

2.05kg/h, 16.37t/a.


121

Acidic components

HCl: urban garbage contain plastic materials and many kinds of organic chloride

which are mainly generated through the thermal decomposition of organchlorine, for

example, PVC plastic, sterilized or bleached chlorine garbage will generate HCL

during combustion, while the chlorine element contained as chloride (such as NaCl) in

kitchen waste cannot produce HCL. Based on the monitoring data of the existing

project, the average emission concentration of HCL is 6.5mg/m3. This project has

further reduced the HCL concentration by adopting “using new method to improve

old one” measures and increasing dry deacidification procedures. According to the

design parameters, the removal rate of HCL can be improved to 96%, and the HCL

emission concentration estimated below 5.1mg/m3 which reaches the EU 2000

emission standard. Therefore, the emission amount is 1.04kg/h, 8.35t/a.

HF: fluorid is generated from the combustion of fluorocarbon in the garbage,

such as fluoroplastics and fluoride varnishes, etc, the formation mechanism of which

is similar to that of HCL, with little amount. Based on the monitoring data of the

existing project, the average emission concentration of HF is 0.95mg/m3, which

reaches the EU 2000 emission standard 1mg/m3. This project has further reduced the

HF concentration by adopting “using new method to improve old one” measures and

increasing dry deacidification procedures. According to the design parameters, the

removal rate of HCL can be improved to 96%, and the HCL emission concentration

can be strictly kept below1mg/m3. Therefore, the emission amount is 0.2kg/h, 1.64t/a.

SO2: according to the operating experience of the existing project, the light diesel

fuel is not consumed expect during the time of firing incinerator when the auxiliary

fuel is used. Therefore, the SO2 generated from the exhaust air incineration mainly

comes from the domestic waste. The sulfur contained in the domestic waste has been

greatly reduced after the Ban on Free Plastic Bags is implemented. Based on the

monitoring data of the existing project, the average emission concentration of SO2 is

10.5mg/m3, far below EU 2000 emission standard 50mg/m

3. This project has further

reduced the SO2 concentration by adopting “using new method to improve old one”

measures and increasing dry deacidification procedures. Therefore, the SO2 emission

concentration can be strictly kept below10mg/m3, with an annual emission amount of

16.37t/a.

NOx: mainly comes from the thermal decomposition and oxidizing combustion


122

of nitrogen compound, the rest from thermal combustion (below 1100℃) of nitrogen

in air. This project adopts the SNCR denitration technology. According to the

monitoring data, the emission concentration of nitric oxides is lower than 170.7mg/m3.

Therefore, its emission concentration can be strictly kept below 180mg/m3 and the

emission amount of nitric oxides is 36.83kg/h, 294.62t/a.

CO: part of CO comes from the thermal decomposition of carbonide in the

garbage and the other part is from the imperfect combustion. The higher the garbage

combustion efficiency is, the smaller the CO content in the exhaust air becomes.

According to the monitoring data, the emission concentration of CO is lower than

37.5mg/m3 which are below EU 2000 emission standard 50mg/m

3. Therefore, its

emission concentration can be strictly kept below 50mg/m3 and the emission amount

of nitric oxides is 10.23kg/h, 81.84t/a.

Heavy metal

The heavy metals in the flue gas are generally generated from the thermal

decomposition of metallic compounds or metallic salts contained in the garbage

including mixed coating materials, printing ink, battery, luminous tube, mercury

materials and electronic circuit board, etc. The volatile metals include mercury, lead,

antimony, arsenic, copper, gallium, zinc and so on; nonvolatile metals include

aluminum, ferrum, barium, calcium, magnesium, kalium, silicon and titanium, etc.

Part of the volatile metals is discharged by being attached to flyash and the

nonvolatile metals are mainly present in the slag.

According to the monitoring data, the emission concentration of Cd and Hg is

lower than detection limit, and the emission concentration of Pb is lower than

0.05mg/m3; since the acceptance concentrations of Cd and Hg are lower than their

detection limits, in order to conservatively estimate the influence of heavy metal, the

emission amount of heavy metals in the exhaust air of this project is calculated on the

basis of design data. According to the design data, the emission concentration of Pb,

Hg and Cd are respectively controlled at 0.5mg/m3, 0.05mg/m

3 and 0.05mg/m

3. See

table 4.8-2.

Dioxins

Dioxin-Like compound refers to any of a class of compounds able to combine

with the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor Ah-R and cause a series of biochemical

reactions.


123

During the incineration of domestic waste, the formation principle of dioxins is

considerably complicated. Domestic and overseas research findings so far are not

sufficient. The known formation routes probably are:

A. During the combustion, the dioxins are generated from chlorine precursors

which include polyvinyl chloride, chlorobenzene and pentachlorophenol, etc. During

the combustion, the dioxins can also be generated from the molecule of precursors by

decomposition, freeradical condensation or other molecular reaction. Most of these

dioxins can be decomposed in the high-temperature combustion conditions;

B. When superfluous unburning-out substances are generated in the flue gas due

to imperfect combustion and encounter adequate catalyzers (mainly are heavy metal,

especially copper) and a temperature environment of 300～500℃ , the dioxins

decomposed in high-temperature combustion will reform.

The pollution prevention techniques against dioxins can be divided into the

following three classes:

. Inhibit the formation of dioxins through improving combustion state;

. Let the high-temperature flue gas pass the heating surface at the boiler tail to

lower its temperature to about 160℃, after that the flue gas enters into the flue

gas treatment system, which can effectively avoid dioxins reformation in the

300～500℃ temperature environment;

. Adsorb the dioxin fine grains condensed in the low-temperature flue gas with

active carbon and collect them with dust collector.

This project, by adopting 3T technology, reduces and controls the formation of

dioxins from its source. Active carbon absorption is adopted in the flue gas treatment

system. According to the monitoring data, the emission concentration of dioxins is

lower than 0.079 ngTEQ /m3; therefore, after a series of pollution prevention

measures are implemented in this project, the concentration of dioxins in the exhaust

flue gas can reach the EU standard of 0.1ngTEQ/m3. Conservatively estimated with

EU standard, the maximum emission amount of dioxins is 20.46ugTEQ/h, 0.1637g/a.

For incinerating flue gas, this project adopts the treatment system of “SNCR

denitration+semi-dry deacidification+dry deacidification+active carbon

absorption+bag-type dust collector”, and the treated flue gas is discharged from the

80m 3-tube chimney. The formation and emission of exhaust gas are shown in Table

4.8-2.


124

Table 4.8-1 Production and Treatment of Such high Concentration

Wastewater as Leachate

Wastewater

name

Wastewater

amount

(t/a)


Treatment mode

Reuse of pollutant

Main

pollutant

Concentration

(mg/L)

Amount

t/a

Main

pollutant

Concentration

(mg/L)

Reuse

amount

(t/a)

Leachate 124,542

COD 35000~50000 4,359~6,227

16,650t/a is injected back; of

the rest, after treated by the

anaerobic

treatment+SBR+ultrafiltration

membrane technology and

advanced treatment,

153,3846t/d is reused and

7,992t/d of concentrated

water enters into the

incinerators for incineration.

Wastewater 153,846

BOD 12000 1,494.50 COD 60 /

SS 3000 373.63 BOD 10 /

NH3-N 2000 249.08 NH3-N 10 /

TP 250 31.14 TP 1 /

Water for

washing

truck and

terrace

7,992t/d

22,644

COD 5000 113.22

BOD 2000 45.29

SS 500 11.32

NH3-N 300 6.79

TP 20

0.45


125

Table 4.8-2 Formation and emission of atmospheric pollutants in Phase expansion project

Emission

source Pollutants

Producing status

Treatment

measure

Removal

rate

%

Emission

Emission

standard

(mg/m3)

Emission parameter

Exhausted

gas amount

(Nm3/h)

Concentration

(mg/m3)

Formation

amount Concentration

(mg/m3)

Emission amount Height

(m)

Inner

diameter

(m)

Tempera

ture

(℃) kg/h t/a kg/h t/a

Incinerat

or

chimney

of Phase

expansio

n project

Dust

204,600

10000 2,046 16,368

SNCR

denitration+

semi-dry

deacidification+

dry

deacidification+

active carbon

absorption+

bag-type dust

collector

99.9 10 2.05 16.37 30

80 3tubes×

DN2.0 150

SO2 67 13.64 109.12 85 10 2.05 16.37 260

NOX 360 73.66 589.25 50 180 36.83 294.62 400

HCl 127.5 26.09 208.69 96 5.1 1.04 8.35 50

HF 10 2.05 16.37 90 1 0.20 1.64 2

CO 50 10.23 81.84 0 50 10.23 81.84 100

Pb 5 1.02 8.18 90 0.5 0.10 0.82 1.6

Hg 0.5 0.10 0.82 90 0.05 0.01 0.08 0.1

Cd 0.5 0.10 0.82 90 0.05 0.01 0.08 0.1

Dioxin - - - - ≤ 0.1ng

TEQ/Nm3

≤ 20.46

ug/h

≤0.1637

g/a

0.1ng

TEQ/m3


126

4.8.2.2Offensive Odor

In this project, offensive odor mainly comes from garbage dump pit, garbage

weigh house and leachate treatment station, and the main components of the odor are

sulfide and low fat.

China’s Technical Code for Projects of Municipal Household Garbage

Incineration (CJJ90-2009) states that the effective capacity of garbage storage tank

shall be determined according to the rated incineration amount of 5-7days. The

garbage storage tank of this project can store 8,860 tons garbage (6 days). The

garbage dump pit is of enclosed reinforced concrete structure, with 6 discharge doors.

A forced gas-extraction system is set above the pit, and a negative pressure device is

set to control the accumulation of offensive odor. During the normal operation, the

gas in the enclosed garbage storage tank shall be extracted and used as

combustion-supporting air for incinerators. Thus, the odorous substances will

decompose in high temperature. As the incinerators consume a vast amount of

combustion-supporting air, the garbage storage tank can be kept in good negative

pressure state, and the offensive odor will not cause environmental pollution.

According to the monitoring results on the emission of offensive odor in the

garbage storage tank of this project, combing the relation between odor strength and

concentration and undertaking design and operation management in accordance with

the specification, the odor concentration [NH3] < 3.79mg/m3, [H2S] < 0.30mg/m

3.

Referring to the method of the measuring the odor pollutants amount of domestic

waste landfill, the estimates of production rate of odor from the garbage storage tank

is shown in Table 4.8-3.

Table 4.8-3 Estimates of Odor Production Amount

Odor

Formation source NH3 H2S

Garbage storage tank Summer 30℃ 0.049kg/h 0.0051kg/h

Winter 15℃ 0.035kg/h 0.0035kg/h

After the above control measures are implemented, the escape amount of

offensive odor has been largely reduced. Under normal circumstances, the amount of

offensive odor pumped into the incinerators by primary air fan accounts for 95% of

the production amount, and about 5% offensive odor unorganizedly spreads into the


127

atmosphere.

Since the air in the garbage storage tank cannot be incinerated during the

incinerator shutdown and overhaul (all the 3 incinerators shut down) , in order to

prevent the odor escaping to the atmosphere, the garbage incineration plant is

equipped with double-circuit power supply to ensure no electricity failure while

incinerator shutdown. Therefore, exhaust system is set in the garbage storage tank to

ensure that the odor can be sent to the deodorization device in the main incineration

house during the incinerator shutdown. Finally the odor shall come to standards and

be discharged after purification and deodorization, with a removal rate of 70%.

Thus, the source intensity of the fugitive emission of NH3 and H2S is shown in

Table 4.8-4.

Table 4.8.4 Fugitive Emission Parameters of Odor NH3 and H2S

Position of

pollution source Pollutants

Fugitive

emission

area m2

Average

height

m

Source intensity of the fugitive

emission kg/h

Normal

condition

Abnormal

condition

Garbage storage

tank, discharge

platform

NH3

68*55=3,740 12

0.0025 0.0147

H2S

0.0003 0.0015

4.8.2.3 Fugitive Dusts

Located in the hazardous waste landfill, the supporting fly ash solidification

workshop is designed for solidifying the fly ash of the whole factory. The fly ash is

transported to the fly ash solidification workshop by tank wagon. The solidification

process is fully enclosed, and the raising dust, passing the dust collector, is discharged

from roof. The fly ash amount of this project is about 15,984t/a, and that of the

existing project is about 21,845t/a. Therefore, the total fly ash amount of the whole

factory is 37,829t/a, considering that the dust raising coefficient is 5% and the

efficiency of the bag dust collector is 99.9%, the emission amount of the fly ash of the

whole factory after passing the dust collector is 1.41t/a and the emission height of the

ash storehouse is 10m.


128

Table 4.8-5 The Emission of the Fugitive Dust of the Project

No. Pollution

source

Pollutan

t Area m

2

Height

m

Generating capacity per

hour

Generating

capacity

kg/h t/a

1

Fly ash

solidification

workshop

Dust 48*25 =

1200 10

0.24 1.89

4.8.3 Noise

The main noise sources of the garbage incineration plant include exhaust-heat

boiler steam emptying pipe, high-pressure steam blow pipe, steam turbo generator net,

air fan (blowing fan and draft fan), air compressor, water pump, pipeline system and

garbage transportation vehicles, and the minor noise sources include crane, feed water

treatment equipment, flue gas cleaner and vibration screen, etc. In view of the

acoustical characteristics, most of the noises from the garbage incineration plant are

aerodynamical noise, and the next are electromagnetic vibration noise and mechanical

vibration noise. The frequency spectrum of the noise from the garbage incineration

plant is generally concentrated within the frequency range of 125～4,000Hz. The

range and positions of the A-weighted sound level of various noise sources are shown

in Table 4.8-6.

Table 4.8-6 The Newly Added Noise Source of the Phase Expansion

Project

Main noise sources Quantity

Sound

level

dB A

Minimum

distance from

the factory

boundary m

Treatment measures

Sound level

after noise

reduction

dB A

Boiler steam

emptying pipe 2 140 S 75 Buffle 100

Grip bucket crane

for lifting garbage 2 85 S 50

Sound insulation for

buildings 75

Air fan (blowing

fan and draft fan) 6 95 S 55

Install sound proof

box and baffle 85

Steam turbo 2 100 S 105 Sound insulation 90


129

generator net devices and baffle

Air compressor

4 three for

operation

one for

standby

90 S、E 40 Sound insulation,

install baffle 80

Water pump 4 90 W 50 Sound insulation for

buildings 80

Cooling tower 3 85 S 55 - 85

4.8.4 Production and Treatment of Solid Wastes

The newly added solid wastes of this project mainly include slag from

incinerators, fly ash and domestic waste, with a total production capacity of

138,000t/a.

1 Slag

After been discharged from incinerator bottom, the slag of garbage incineration

passes the slag remover and then be cooled by water, and finally transported to the

slag disposal pit. According to the leaching test data conducted on the similar

domestic waste, the slag belongs to general solid waste and its main components are

oxide of silicon, calcium, aluminum, ferrum, manganese, natrium and phosphoric and

scrap metal. Based on the data on engineering design, the slag production capacity of

this project is 121,680t/a.

The slag shall be sent to the supporting slag multiple purpose brick field for

comprehensive utilization and made into ash-slag blocks.

2 Fly ash

During the garbage incineration, the fly ash are mainly from the convective

heating surface of the boiler as well as the gravity settling and rapping settling at the

tail, and also from fly ash (including the particulates contained in the flue gas and the

compound produced from the reaction between the particulates and lime, as well as

the active carbon powder for absorbing air pollution and so on) collected during the

deacidification and dust removal of flue gas purification system. The main

components of the fly ash include SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, such reaction resultants

as sulphate, sodium salt and sylvite, as well as such heavy metal elements as Hg, Mn,

Mg, Sn, Cd, Pb, Cr and dioxin at trace level and other kinds of pollutants, which

belong to hazardous wastes. The Circular on Further Strengthening Environment

Impact Assessment Management of Biomass Waste-to-Energy Projects (Ministry of

Environment Protection, National Development and Reform Commission, National


130

Energy Board, Environment & Development No. 82, [2008]) states “actively

encourage the comprehensive utilization of incineration fly ash, but the technology

adopted shall ensure the complete destroy of dioxins, the effective fixation of heavy

metals and no secondary pollution during production and use.” The Standard for

Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Household Garbage specifies that “the fly

ash generated from household garbage incineration and the wastewater and slag from

medical wastes shall be treated in such a way that they can enter the household

garbage landfill (specific conditions omitted)”.

The fly ash of about 16,000t/a in this project shall be identified after

solidification and chelation. If it can reach the landfill standards in the Standard for

Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Household Garbage (GB16889-2008), shall

be sent to Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site for sanitary landfills; if it does not meet the

above requirements, sent to Suzhou hazardous waste landfill for safe landfills.

3 Domestic waste

This project newly employs 65 persons. If the domestic waste produced from

routine office work and everyday life is calculated by 0.5kg/p·d, the domestic waste

will be about 10.2t/a, which shall be sent to the incinerators of this project for

incineration.

4 Waste active carbon residue

In this project, during the flue gas treatment, the trace quantity of dioxins and

heavy metal and other poisonous substances are absorbed by injecting active carbon.

The active carbon generally blend with fly ash, so it can be solidification after

collection, with a production amount of about 258t/a.

The production and treatment of solid wastes are shown in Table 4.8-7.

Table 4.8-7 Production of Solid Wastes

No. Waste name Production

(t/a)

Serial

No. Treatment method

1 Incinerator slag 121,680 72

Sent to brick field for comprehensive

utilization

2 Fly ash 15,984 HW18 Shall be identified after solidification

and chelation, those reach the landfill

standards shall be sent to domestic

waste landfill for sanitary landfills;

3 Waste active

carbon 258 HW18


131

and those not meet the standards shall

sent to hazardous waste landfill.

4 Domestic waste 10.2 99 Incinerated in the factory

Total 137,932.2 -

4.8.5 Discharge of Pollutants under Abnormal Conditions

The abnormal working conditions of this project mainly include the following

conditions: first, the semi-dry flue gas treatment facility supported for the incinerators

cannot reach the normal treatment efficiency; second, the accidental discharge of

dioxin when the incinerators do not operate steadily; third, the accidental discharge of

odor when the incinerators are shutdown for overhaul; four, the leachate leakage

accident.

4.8.5.1When the Treatment Efficiency of the Semi-dry Flue Gas

Treatment Facility Decreases

In this project, it is planned to adopt the semi-dry reaction tower and bag-type

dust collector to purify the flue gas and the main equipment include semi-dry

neutralizing tower, bag-type dust collector, draft fan and neutralizer feeding system

and so on. After the waste air passes the flue gas purification system, the smoke (mill)

dust, chlorine hydride and other gases in the flue gas will be exhausted out to the

atmosphere through a chimney with a height of 80 meters. Under the normal

condition, the dust removal rate of the flue gas purification system is 99.9%, and the

removal rate of chlorine hydride is 95%. The man-made or mechanical failures which

probably occur in the flue gas treatment system will directly influence the operation of

flue gas purification system.

Under the normal conditions, if the removal rates of PM10 and chlorine hydride

are respectively 99.9% and 96%, the emission rates of PM10 and chlorine hydride are

3kg/h. If the removal rates of PM10 and chlorine hydride under the abnormal

conditions are respectively 90% and 80%, the emission rates of PM10 and chlorine

hydride respectively are 300kg/h and 15kg/h.

4.8.5.2The Emission of Dioxin When the Incinerators Are Not

Running Steadily


132

Theoretically speaking, when the retention time of flue gas in 850℃ reaches 2

seconds, most organic substances can burn out thoroughly in the incinerators,

generating little dioxin. However, the incinerators cannot operate steadily and

continuously when start up (temperature rise) and shut down (blow out), and thus will

generate dioxin.

In this project, ignition (closed incinerator) will start up the ignition combustion

system. If the measures are not been put into force, the concentration and production

capacity of the dioxin generated during the garbage incineration will be apparently

higher than those in normal conditions. According to the relevant data --- the tests

conducted in Britain’s six companies on the garbage incinerator starting under

abnormal working condition, when the incinerator starts, the concentration of dioxin

at the outlet of the incinerator is 2 or 3 times higher than that under normal working

condition. In consideration of the extreme unfavorable conditions, if active carbon

absorption and bag-type dust collector cannot run normally at this time, the maximum

emission concentration of dioxin at the outlet of chimney can reach 5ngTEQ/Nm3. At

this point, the amount of waste gas is about 240,000m3/h, lower than that under

normal conditions; and the emission capacity of dioxin is 1,200ugTEQ/h, the duration

time not exceeding one hour. The accident of this kind is caused because the

production control is ineffective, temperature of incinerator is too low, the CO content

in flue gas is too high, and the active carbon absorption and bag-type dust collector

cannot run normally. Therefore, the probability of this accident is extreme low.

The emission source intensity of incineration flue gas under accidental

conditions is shown in Table 4.8-8.

Table 4.8-8 Atmospheric Pollutant Source Intensity under Abnormal

Conditions

Amount of

flue gas

Nm3/h

Pollutant

Removal

rate

%

Emission Emission parameters

Concentration

(mg/m3)

Emission

rate kg/h

Height

(m)

Inner

diameter

(m)

Temperature

(℃)

300,000

HCl 80 50 15

80 3tubes ×

DN2.0 150 Dust 90 1000 300

240,000 Dioxin - 5ngTEQ/Nm3 1,200ug/h


133

4.8.5.3 The Offensive Odor Emission When the Incinerators Shut

down

In general circumstance, the 3 sets of incinerator systems established in this

project will not be put into overhaul at the same time, and the odor from the garbage

dump pit is extracted by air fan to the incinerators for incineration. However, in the

circumstance where all the three incinerators shut down, emergency measures shall be

taken for treating the odor. When the boiler stops due to accident or overhaul, the gas

exhausted from the garbage dump pit shall be given deodorization treatment, with an

air change rate of about 1～1.5 times/h, adopting the active carbon exhaust gas

cleaner to remove odor. The active carbon exhaust cleaner is divided into inlet section,

filtration section and outlet section. After enter from the inlet, the odor will be filtered

in the filtration secretion where active carbon exists, with most organic exhaust gas

absorbed to the active carbon grains and final discharged into atmosphere. The

deodorization device is installed on the roof of the building near the garbage pit. The

garbage pit is 100m away from the exhaust funnel of the incinerator, and there is no

enough power for incinerator to draw the odor in the exhaust funnel and discharge, so

the odor shall be discharged nearly after been deodorized on the roof of the building

near the garbage pit.

The main components of the odor are NH3 and H2S. Based on the monitoring

data of similar projects, the emission of odor under accidental conditions is shown in

Table 4.8-4.

4.8.5.4The Abnormal Discharge of Leachate

Considering that the leakage accident takes place in the sewage tank for leachate

of the construction project and if the wastewater leakage time is 30 minutes, the

concentration of COD in the leachate is 41,000mg/L, and the amount of pollutant

COD actually leaked is 854.17kg.

4.8.6 Reduction of Pollutants by Using New Method to Improve Old

One

1 Reduction of exhaust emission

This project is domestic waste incineration project, with certain environmental


134

sensitivity. In order to increase the domestic waste treatment capacity without

increasing pollution in air environment, Everbright Environmental Protection Energy

(Suzhou) Co., Ltd plans to, with the existing project reaching the standards, further

improve its performance and take the following measures of “using new method to

improve old one” in the Phase expansion project to ensure that the concentration

of the dust in the incineration flue gas can reach EU 2000 emission standard. On this

basis, the dust emission amount of Phase and Phase will be reduced so as to

keep the emission amount of air pollutants of the whole factory under the existing

total amount ratified after the completion of Phase expansion project.

The main measures of “using new method to improve old one” against waste gas

include: (1) improve the combustion control technology---to reduce the dust amount

in the exhaust gas by controlling the times of stirring state, strictly controlling the air

leakage amount and reducing the flow rate of flue gas; (2) select the bag of high

efficiency of dust collection and clean the bag in time to ensure that the emission

concentration of flue gas can reach EU 2000 Standard; (3) add the dry deacidification

system and inject lime hydrate into the air flue before the flue gas enters into the air

flue to further reduce the emission amount of HCL and other acidic gas in the dust.

Based on the flue gas amount monitored for the acceptance of Phase and

Phase and EU 2000 standards of emission connection, the changes on the

emission amount of air pollutants of the existing project after the completion of

measures of “using new method to improve old one” are shown in Table 4.8-9.

Table 4.8-9 The Changes on the Emission Amount of Air Pollutants of the

Existing Project after the Completion of Measures of “Using New Method to

Improve Old One”

Emission

source Pollutant

Emission after technical

upgrading

Current situation of

emission Emission

reduction

t/a

Emission

concentration

(mg/m3)

Emission

amount

t/a

Average

monitored

concentration

(mg/m3)

Emission

amount

t/a

Incineration

chimney of

the existing

Dust 10 23.58 17.9 38.08 14.50

SO2 10 17.30 10.5 18.17 1

NOX 170.7 362.30 170.7 362.3 0


135

project HCl 5.1 8.56 6.5 10.91 2.35

HF 0.95 2.02 0.95 2.02 0

CO 37.5 90.29 37.5 90.29 0

Pb 0.05 0.12 0.05 0.12 0

Hg 0.003 0.006 0.003L 0.006 0

Cd 0.002 0.004 0.002 0.004 0

Dioxins ≤0.073ngTE

Q/Nm3

≤0.19g/a ≤0.073ngTEQ/

Nm3

≤0.19g/a 0

2 Reduction of water pollutants

While constructing the Phase expansion project, it is planned to upgrade the

existing leachate treatment station and add the advanced treatment technique of

“nanofiltration+reverse osmosis”. After advanced treatment, if the leachate meets the

standard for the make-up water for the open circulating cooling water system

specified in The Reuse of Urban Recycling Water. ―Water Quality Standard For

Industrial Uses (GB/T19923-2005); it can be reused as circulating cooling water.

The upgrading can reduce the emission amount of leachate of the existing project

by 656t/d, which is shown in Table 4.8-10.

Table 4.8-10 Changes on the Wastewater Discharge of the Existing Project

after the Completion of “using new method to improve old one”

Discharge

source Pollutants

The reuse after

technical

upgrading

Current situation of discharge

Reduction

of discharge

t/a Concentration of

the water reused

(mg/m3)

Concentration

of water

through

pipeline

(mg/m3)

Discharge

amount

t/a

Wastewater

after

leachate

treatment

Amount of

wastewater 218,448 218,448

COD 60 500 109.22 109.22

BOD5 10 300 65.53 65.53

SS / 400 87.38 87.38

NH3-N 10 35 7.65 7.65

TP 1 8 1.75 1.75


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4.9 Summary of Pollutant Discharge

4.9.1 “Three Accounts” of the Pollutants of Phase Expansion

Project

The “Three Accounts” of the pollutants of this project are shown in Table 4.9-1.

Table 4.9-1 List of the “Three Accounts” of the Pollutant of This Project

Unit: t/a

Category Name of

pollutant

Production

amount

Reduction

amount

Pollutant

amount

discharged

through

pipeline

Final

discharge

amount

Wastewater

Amount of

wastewater

m3/a

258,408 255,744 2,664 2,664

COD 4,478.27 4,477.20 1.07 0.13

BOD5 1,540.78 1,540.24 0.53 0.03

SS 387.35 386.95 0.40 0.03

NH3-N 255.97 255.88 0.09 0.01

TP 31.60 31.59 0.01 0.001

Waste gas

Dust 16,368 16,351.63 / 16.37

SO2 109.12 92.75 / 16.37

NOX 589.25 294.63 / 294.62

HCl 208.69 200.34 / 8.35

HF 16.37 14.73 / 1.64

CO 81.84 0 / 81.84

Pb 8.18 7.36 / 0.82

Hg 0.82 0.74 / 0.08

Cd 0.82 0.74 / 0.08

Dioxins - - / 0.1637g/a

Solid waste

Industrial solid

waste 137,922 137,922

/

0

Domestic waste 10.2 10.2 / 0


137

4.9.2 Collection of the Pollutants of the Whole Factory after the

Completion of Phase Expansion Project

The accounting of “Three Accounts” of the pollutants of the whole factory after

the completion of this project is shown in Table 4.9-2. It is clear from the table that

the discharge amount of the pollutants of this project can be balanced in the existing

total amount ratified for the whole factory.

Table 4.9-2 Statistics of the Discharge Amount of Pollutants before and after

the Expansion of the Factory t/a

Category Name

Discharge of

the established

projects

This project Reduction

through

the

measures

of “using

new

method to

improve

old one”

Amount

discharged

from

pipeline of

the whole

factory

Discharge

amount

of the

whole

factory

Ratified

total

amount

Production

amount

Reduction

amount Or

disposal

amount

Discharge

amount

Wastewater

Amount of

wastewater 227,772 258,408 255,744 2,664 218,448 11,988

11,988

104,590*

COD 113.89 4,478.27 4,477.20 1.07 109.22 5.73

0.60 89.96*

BOD5 68.33 1,540.78 1,540.24 0.53 65.53 3.33 0.12

SS 91.11 387.35 386.95 0.40 87.38 4.13 0.12 37.17*

NH3-N 7.97 255.97 255.88 0.09 7.65 0.42 0.06 3.5*

TP 1.82 31.60 31.59 0.01 1.75 0.09 0.01

Waste gas

Dust 38.08 16,368 16,351.63 16.37 14.5 39.95 48.21

SO2

18.17 109.12 92.75 16.37 1 33.54 247

NOX 362.3 589.25 294.63 294.62 0 656.92 694.1

HCl 10.91 208.69 200.34 8.35 2.35 16.91 19.29

HF 2.02 16.37 14.73 1.64 0 3.66

CO 79.60 81.84 0 81.84 0 161.44

Pb 0.11 8.18 7.36 0.82 0 0.93

Hg 0.006 0.82 0.74 0.08 0 0.086

Cd 0.004 0.82 0.74 0.08 0 0.084


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Dioxin 0.19g/a - - 0.1637g/a 0 0.3537g/a 0.3855g/a

Solid waste

Industrial

solid waste 0 137,922 137,922 0 0

0

Domestic

waste 0 10.2 10.2 0 0

0

*Note: in the former assessment report and written reply, the leachate shall be sent to leachate treatment plant set in Qizishan landfill

for treatment, therefore, the total amount ratified for wastewater and water pollutants of the existing project does not include the

discharge amount of leachate.


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5 Comment on Pollution Prevention Measures

5.1 Comment on Air Pollution Prevention Measures

The waste gases of the project are flue gases produced from destructor, which

contains many pollutants, mainly acid waste gases (SO2, HCl and HF, etc.), smoke and

dust, NOX, CO, heavy metal (Hg, Cd and Pb, etc.) and dioxin and so on.

Air pollution prevention primarily focuses on reducing pollutant generation from

the source: Phase expansion project uses the same reciprocating grate furnace

system with hydraulic control gear as the existing project. Each grate bar is divided

into 3 sections: the first section is drying zone, the second is preheating zone and the

third is burning zone. Each section is composed of fixed grate bar and movable grate

bar, overlapping with each other. Primary air could blow from the –lower-grate bar

into it to provide oxygen for burning rubbish and cool off the grate bar. The structure

of this grate enables rubbish to be stirred, smashed up and fully contacted with oxygen.

Burning control program can adjust the rolling speed of the grate and primary air rate

in each section automatically, make primary air pressure up to optimum proportions

and ensure the fully burning of domestic waste on the basis of burning conditions

inside of the furnace. This process could give off a mass of heat which keeps the

whole furnace at a higher temperature (above 850℃) and reduces the production of all

kinds of pollutants effectively, such as CO and organic pollutant, etc. To guarantee a

fully decomposition of hyperoxic-organic pollutant, the upper furnace is designed

with a vertical flue of nearly 20m in height (the first channel of burning boiler), which

makes flue gases stay more than 2 seconds above 850℃, and an auxiliary air (its

temperature is adjustable) snout is allocated at the access point of this flue, which can

make full mixing of flue gases (in 3T control method). A burner is placed above the

left and right side wall of auxiliary air snout respectively. As the heat output from

rubbish burning is lower, the burner would be put into use automatically to ensure flue

gases stay at least 2 seconds above 850℃. Through the above measures, a majority of

organic pollutants produced in burning process could be broken down and

decomposed and the final density of organic pollutants, especially dioxin, in boiler

exit could be decreased maximally.


140

On the basis of the current project operation experience of Everbright

Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, the inside of furnace adopted the

SNCR denitration system with ammonia as deoxidizer to decline the emission of NOx.

Semi-dry process deacidification tower + dry process deacidification+ activated

carbon absorption+bag type collector are used for dealing with flue gases in the

burning furnace, which can ensure that the emission of incineration flue gases are

stable, reliable and can reach its standards. Each burning furnace has one set of fume

treatment system.

5.1.1 Control of NOx

The NOX produced in burning process are mainly in three ways: thermal NOx is

produced from nitrogen of the air by oxidation at high temperature; fuel NOx is

produced from nitrogen compound contained in the fuel material by oxidation after

thermal decomposition in the burning process; prompt NOx is produced by the

reaction of nitrogen of the air with hydrocarbon in the burning process. Presently,

NOx control technology mainly contains all sort of low NOx burning technologies,

such as air-staged combustion, fuel-staged combustion, and flue gas denitrification

technology, such as SCR and SNCR, etc.

SNCR, i.e. selective non catalyst reduction technology, could reduce NOx into

nitrogen and water by chemical reaction, without catalyst, at high temperature

(850~1100℃) through puffing -NH3 reducer like nitrogen and urea solutions into flue

gases.

According to the Circular on Further Strengthening Environment Impact

Assessment Management of Biomass Power Generation Projects,

Environmental-development No. 82, 2008, it is required “to build up domestic waste

project in metropolis areas or areas where control of NOx is specially required, and to

set up necessary denitration unit. In other areas, it is expected to leave room for NOx

deprivation”. In Jul. 2009, Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co.,

Ltd introduced the destructor flue gases denitration technology and key equipment,

which can be used for the transformation of SNCR denitration technology for the

existing 5 sets of destructors with ammonia as reducer, from Sweden Petro Miljö

Company. This transformation is general contracted, carried out and finished by


141

Shanghai Techspray Co., Ltd. The denitration system is steadily operated now and the

average volume of NOx emission is controlled below 150mg/m3.

Phase expansion project will use the same denitration technology as the

existing project, which can reach the density requirement of 180mg/m3 for NOx in the

EU 2000 Standard and is far below the 400mg/m3 standard defined in the

GB18485-2001 Standards for Pollution Control on Domestic Waste Burning.

5.1.2 Control of Acid Gases

On the basis of the existing project processing unit, with the measure of “using

new method to improve old one”, acid gases are control by adopting Semi-dry process

deacidification tower + dry process deacidification methods.

Quench tower

Flue gases discharged from the flue of exhaust-heat boiler are still of high

temperature. After entering the quench tower, they can be cooled off to the appropriate

temperature to keep a higher efficiency in the latter reaction.

Spraying system of lime slurry

This system is composed of lime storage bin, connecting pipeline and lime slurry

sprayer, etc., which is used for supplying the three burning line of Phase

expansion project. Lime (CaO) is sent into lime storage bin through pneumatic system,

with antibridging device set on the top. And then, spraying lime slurry into the

reaction tower to make deacidification reaction. The spraying volume of lime slurry is

controlled by the online flue gases monitor system and temperature instrumentation in

the absorbing tower exit.

Semi-dry neutralization reaction tower

The inside of this device is equipped with lime slurry nozzle and water nozzle.

The lime slurry sprayed in the reaction tower, after being atomized, is of very

large specific surface which can fill up the space of the whole tower, hence ensures

the fully contact of absorbent with flue gases. In the lime slurry mist, flue gases

occurs deacidification reaction with Ca(OH)2, and acid gases, such as SOx, HCl and

HF, etc. are removed after occurring neutralization reaction with Ca(OH)2. At the

same time, temperature of flue gases presents further decline. Through the treatment,

flue gases are released from the upper tower. At the horizontal flue, there is a cyclone,

which separates part of the flue gases back into tower for further reaction to improve


142

the reaction efficiency, leaving the remaining gases enter into a bag dust collector

through connecting flue.

As semi-dry desulfurization method is adopted, the utilization efficiency of

neutralizer (dry powder) inside deacidification tower is of larger improvement in

extent than dry desulfurization, which accelerates the efficiency of neutralization

reaction and increases the deprivation rate of acid gases. The advantages of semi-dry

flue gases reaction tower in this project are as follows:

1. Depickling neutralizer is supplied in form of dry powder, thus avoids the

complex and cloggy pulping system. In addition, it is easy to operate and maintain

and of low failure rate;

2. Depickling neutralization products are discharged in form of solid grain

avoided the complex and costly wastewater treatment equipment and further reduced

the constructing and operating cost;

3. The existing project runs stably and reaches the standards with guaranteed

maintenance.

Dry deacidification

With the measure of “using new method to improve old one”, this project adds a

dry deacidification system. Jet slaked lime into its storage bins through pipelines; and

then, adjust the dosing through air conveying distributor; finally, spray them into the

front flue of cloth bag through the roots blower and spraying pipeline, to go for

further acid gases removing from flue gases.

With reference to the existing project operation monitoring data, the efficiency of

semi-dry deacidification in Phase and is about 78%.; And with reference to the

data supplied by equipment supplier and the design data that efficiency of dry

deacidification is above 82%. Therefore, the removing rate of acid gases can reach

96% through semi-dry deacidification tower +dry deacidification measures. By

replacing the old by the new, all sorts of acid gases emission can reach the discharge

concentration standards of EU2000.

5.1.3 Control of Heavy Metal Species and Particulate Matter

The key point to prevent pollution is to control the generation of pollutants from

its source. Hence, in applying the measure of “using new method to improve old one”

in this project, productions of smoke and dust matters in waste gases are declined by


143

improving burning control system — taking measures such as control the frequency

of stirring grate, control air leak volume strictly and reduce flue gases’ velocity.

Heavy metal pollutants exist in flue gases in forms of solid and gas. As flue gases

temperature drops, part of the gas matters would transform into solid and liquid

granula that can be collected by bag type collector. However, for heavy metals with

high volatility, e.g. Hg, there is still part of them exist in flue gases in form of gas

even though the fume cleaning system is operated at the lowest temperature. In such

case, it needs to be absorbed by active carbon and removed by bag type collector

finally. According to the operating experience, heavy metal pollutants could achieve

better cleaning effect as fume cleaning system runs at the lower limit of controlling

temperature.

Bag type collector can separate fly ash in flue gases, reactant in reaction tower

and active carbon absorbed with heavy metals and organic pollutants. With reference

to the existing project operation monitoring data, the existing dust collection

efficiency, by using bag type collector in Phase and is around 98%. Phase

expansion project is planned to use new high efficient bag filter to improve old one.

According to the data supplied by equipment supplier, this type of filter is of

favorable system design and stable operation, with dust collection efficiency above

99.9%, which could guarantee that the discharge of particulate matters can reach the

national standards.

Highly active PTFE laminating bag, which this project adopted, is the advanced

bag type collector relatively at present. Laminating surface is smooth and able to bear

chemical species. Covered to the surface of general filter material, it could act as a

disposable dust layer; dust could be fully trapped in the laminating surface, thus

filtering in the surface layer can be fulfilled; in addition, owing to the smooth

laminating surface, it is of mighty chemical stability—anti-aging, hydrophobic, which

makes the dust trapped in its surface easy to flake off and prolongs the performance

life of filter material. Compared with general filter materials, its advantages are: 1.

Laminating aperture is between 0.2μm and 3μm, so that its filtering efficiency could

reach above 99.99% on the average, nearly close to zero release. Porosity won’t be

changed after removing ash, which keeps its dust collection efficiency at high level. 2.

At first using of laminating filter material, its pressure loss is more than general filter

materials. After putting it into service, its loss changes little with the using time going,


144

however, the loss from general materials would increase with the extend in using time.

3. In using general filter materials, it’s easy for dust to enter into it and piles up until

the pore is plugged firmly and couldn’t carry on working. But, in using PTFE

laminating material, the filterable dust is easy to be removed from the surface. With

its fine deashing effect, long cycle and low deashing pressure intensity, laminating

filter’s performance life is prolonged. In addition, product operating cost is also

declined.

5.1.4 Control of Dioxin

5.1.4.1Theoretical Basis

Dioxin Matter

In a broad sense, dioxin species belongs to polychlorobiphenyl (PCB), however,

it is separated into a single species for its particularity. In general, dioxin refers to

polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran

(PCDFs). According to the atomicity that replaced H atom and their locations, PCDDs

has 75 substitutive derivatives, and that of PCDFs is 135.

PCDD/Fs are a sort of three-ring aromatic organic compound with high toxicity.

It is solid at normal temperature and pressure, and characterized by its higher smelting

point, water insoluble and fat soluble, hence, PCDD/Fs are easy to be accumulated in

living body. Furthermore, they are easy to be absorbed by surface of earth and mineral.

In normal environment, they are rather stable with low biological metabolism process.

Though in the same sort of dioxin chlorides, there are large differences in their

physical and chemical property. Even between the isomers of the same

polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins also exists obvious variation in their nature.

Toxicity and Poison Mechanism

The toxicity of all dioxins isomers is different from each other, in which 2, 3, 7,

8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD) is the strongest, characterized by

colorless or white crystalline solid, up to 1000 times of the toxicity of potassium

cyanide. Therefore, it is called the poison with the strongest toxicity on earth.

Presently, the toxicity of 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD is defined as 1 in the international, and

the relative toxicity of its isomer is figured in toxicity equivalent factor (TEF), see

table 5.1-1.


145

Table 5.1-1 International Toxicity Equivalent Factor of Dioxin

Dioxin International toxicity

equivalent factor

PCDDs

2 3 7 8-TCDD 1

1 2 3 7 8-PeCDD 0.5

1 2 3 4 7 8-HxCDD 0.1

1 2 3 6 7 8-HxCDD 0.1

1 2 3 7 8 9-HxCDD 0.1

1 2 3 4 6 7 8-HpCDD 0.01

1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9-OCDD 0.01

PCDFs

2 3 7 8-TeCDF 0.1

1 2 3 7 8-PeCDF 0.05

2 3 4 7 8-PeCDF 0.5

1 2 3 4 7 8-HxCDF 0.1

1 2 3 6 7 8-HxCDF 0.1

1 2 3 7 8 9-HxCDF 0.1

2 3 4 6 7 8-HxCDF 0.1

1 2 3 4 6 7 8-HpCDF 0.01

1 2 3 4 7 8 9-HpCDF 0.01

1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9-OCDF 0.001

Other PCDDs and PCDFs 0

Formation Principle of PCDDs,PCDFs

According to relevant studies, the followings are the formation principle of

dioxin in burning rubbish:

Pyrosynthesis: i.e. PCDD is formed at high temperature gas phase.

As refuse come into the initial dry stage in incinerator, except from water, low

boiling point organism with carbon and hydrogen components would react with

oxygen in the air to make water and CO2. This comes into being oxygen deficit

temporarily, which makes part of the organism react with HCl to produce PCDD. In

incinerate technological standards, hypoxia status is estimated per concentration of

CO.

De novo synthesis: at low temperature (250～350℃), macromole carbon (carbon

residue) reacts with organic or inorganic chlorine in the matrices of fly ash to produce

PCDD. In carbon residue oxidizing, 65%～75% of which are transformed into CO

and about 1% chlorbenzene and then converted into PCDD. For carbons in fly ash, the

higher gasification rate of that, the more production of PCDD.


146

Precursor synthesis: incomplete combustion and misproportion catalytic reaction

in fly ash surface can form many kinds of organic gas phase precursor, e.g.

polystream phenol and diphenyl oxide, and then these precursors would be further

reacted to PCDD. In the early fly ash, which produces aluminosilicate after burning at

high temperature, there are fixed transition metal and carbon residue. Fly ash granula

forms into a large absorbing surface. While it is out of the furnace for cooling off,

many surface reactions occurs among products of incomplete combustions on the

granula surface, and between products of incomplete combustion and other precursors;

and alternately, fixed metal and its metal-salt occurs many condensation reactions to

make surface active chloride. Then PCDD is made by absorbing in the surface of

flying granula through many complex organic reactions. The temperature used to

burning refuse is 750℃. In the case of oxygen excess, it’s the most possible time to

make incomplete combustions.

In practice, it depends on furnace lines, operating state and combustion condition

to estimate the leading mechanism. To sum up, the precondition to produce PCDD is:

there must be organic or inorganic chlorine, oxygen, and transition-metal cation being

catalyst.

Accordingly, production of PCDD/Fs is mainly caused by chlorine sources in

rubbish and incomplete combustion. To sum up, the precondition to produce

PCDD/Fs is: there must be organic or inorganic chlorine, oxygen, and transition-metal

cation being catalyst; in particular, copper plays a decisive role in the fly ash catalytic

reaction occurred in burning process.

Therefore, there are three ways that can be used to keep PCDD/Fs from being

produced:

Improve combustion condition by reducing PICs and carbon residue volume;

Prevent chlorination process (including measures like spraying ammonia, etc.);

Prevent biaryl synthesis (poisoning the catalyst by spraying ammonia, etc.).

Combustion and decomposition of organic unfriendly materials

In the process of domestic waste incineration, many unfriendly materials (POHC)

are produced, among which PCDD and PCDF are of enormous toxicity and

carcinogenic. After being discharged with flue gases, they would migrate in the

environment, occurring chemical reaction, photochemical reaction and metabolism

and biodegradation, and be accumulated up permanently with character of durability.


147

At present, organic unfriendly materials that attracted universal attentions are

mainly methylbenzene, chlorethene, dioxin and dioxin-like chlordiphenyl (PGBS), etc.

Those materials could be broken down and decomposed at high temperature. The fail

temperatures are shown in table 5.1-2.

Table 5.1-2 Data Sheet on Fail Temperature of POHC

POHC Lower limiting

temperature

Spontaneous

ignition

temperature

At failure rate of 99.99%, the

temperature stays at

1 second 2 seconds

Acrolein 430 234 549 524

Acrylonitrile 677 418 729 703

Propenol 566 378 635 580

Allyl chloride 621 485 691 649

Benzene 690 562 733 717

Chlorbenzene 621 389 667 646

1 2 dichloroethane 732 638 764 744

Ethane 582 413 658 634

Alcohol 692 515 742 720

Ethyl acrylate 677 423 708 680

Ethene 538 383 611 589

Ethyl formate 649 450 720 694

Ethanethiol 593 455 644 618

2 3 6

7—tetrachlorodibenzene 371 299 712 789

Chloromethane 649 537 840 808

Methyl ethyl ketone 815 632 869 823

Propane 649 516 699 675

Propene 649 466 721 704

Toluene 649 455 714 675

Spasmolytol 690 536 727 702

Vinyl acetate 510 232 594 570

Chlorethene 621 427 662 692

5.1.4.2 Countermeasures of Dioxin Prevention in This Project

Pollution prevention techniques of dioxin can be concluded into the following

three categories:


148

1. Prevent dioxin-like matters from being produced through improving

combustion condition.

Incinerator in this project achieves “Three T” control principles, namely,

turbulent mix burned gas with air, enough burning time and combustion-air supply

that is available in high-temperature zone, and good assurance to prevent dioxin-like

matters from being produced.

Incinerating gas stays above 2s inside the furnace and combustion zones above

secondary air; temperature of flue gases is above 850℃; ensure plenty of oxygen

supply; make sure to meet the requirement of “temperature at the exit of gas is no

lower than 850℃ and staying time of gas shouldn’t be less than 2s” as per Pollution

Control Standards of domestic waste Combustion, GB18485-2001 . In such case,

production of dioxin could be reduced effectively.

2. Absorb precursors surviving in end gas and prevent it from re-synthesis into

dioxin-like matters by adopting high efficient incinerating flare system.

High-temperature flue gases produced from combustion could be cooled to about

190℃ after entering into quench tower. Such case can effectively prevent it from

re-synthesis into dioxin-like matters at temperature of 300～500℃.

3. Absorb dioxin granulae clotted in low temperature flue gases by active carbon,

and collect them by dust collector.

To further enhance the removing effect, it is needed to use active carbon as

absorbent and set-up transmission, metering, anticlogging and spraying devices for

active carbon powder. According to the accept and routine monitoring data of Phase

project, emission control measures adopted in this project can effectively keep the

discharge volume of dioxin below 0.1ngTEQ/Nm3

(see table3.6-3) and reach the

emission standards of EU.

To sum up, since the combustion temperature of this project is strictly keeps

above 850℃ and the time flue gases staying in furnace is no less than 2s, with stable

combustion, dioxin production is avoided effectively. With the following quenching

measure, dioxin re-synthesis is prevented significantly. Through the final absorbing by

active carbon in effluent gas treatment system, concentration of dioxin is further

declined. All the process guaranteed the reaching of emission standards.


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5.1.5 On-line Flue gases Monitoring Devices

On-line flue gases monitoring device system can analysis the emission of source

pollution gas monitor the discharge amount in succession online, as well as many

criterions such as gas parameter, dust loading and gas pollutant, etc. Its functions are

real-time display, listing parameters, printing report forms, storing and displaying

historical data, analyzing graphic chart and diagram, overproof alarm, accident alarm,

status display and identification, etc.; The system data can be shared through

MODEM/GPRS remote transmission or connecting with other computers within the

local area network. The system is of anti-correction and standardization functions.

Online monitor device mainly checks the relating parameters of smoke and dust

(granula matters), SO2, NOX, CO and HCl concentrations, flue gas amount,

temperature, humidity and oxygen content, etc., and count emission rate and total

emission.

It is clear that, in this project, gas enters into the bag type collector finally

through the process of denitration in heat recovery boiler, incinerating the end gases

in semi-dry fume reaction tower, dry deacidification, and then absorbing by active

carbon. Through this process, most of the smoke and dust and unfriendly matters are

removed. At last, gas that reaches the emission standard after cleaning is discharged

into the air through a three-tube chimney of 80m in height.

5.1.6 Control of Malodor

5.1.6.1Control Malodor under Normal Operating Condition

Malodor in destructor plant is mainly derived from the solid waste itself.

Basically, it occurs near garbage storage pit, rubbish discharging lobby, leachate

storage pit and incinerator, etc. In this project, to prevent malodor from spilling, the

following control measures are taken to treat the main malodor polluting sources such

as rubbish storage pit and rubbish discharging lobby, etc.:

1 Adopt sealed compressive self-unloading rubbish carrier vehicle; set-up

rubbish discharge gate at the access to the main house unloading platform of

destructor plant.

2 Adopt refuse pit with close framework; absorb primary air from the top

of rubbish storage pot to support combustion in incinerators; keep refuse pit at status


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of negative pressure in normal operation to avoid escaping of odor.

3 Regulate the operating management of domestic waste to reduce odor

production; stir rubbish by use of bucket grab to avoid anaerobic fermentation of

rubbish, so as to reduce the malodor production.

4 Keep the residue storage pit at closed and negative pressure status by use

of closed residue conveying system. Odor is sent by blower fan to rubbish storage pit

as primary air in combustion process.

5 In operational stage, the main measure to control odor is to strengthen

control on the closeness of rubbish pit, for instance, do the best to reduce the off

-production frequency of the whole plant, keep primary air suction system running

normally, adopt closed vehicle for entering-plant rubbish truck, close the discharge

gate of rubbish storage pool after use, etc.

5.1.6.2Control Malodor under Accident Conditions

In the period of stop operation and overhaul owing to boiler accident,

malodorous gas in the rubbish pit can’t be cleaned through incinerating combustion.

Therefore, the rubbish storage pit needs to be kept closed, and gases in the pit can be

discharged after being deodorized by active carbon exhaust gas cleaner. Frequency of

air change is about 1～1.5 times per hour. The processes in the cleaner can be divided

into three stages: air intaking stage, filtering stage and air-out stage. Odor enters into

the cleaner through the air inlet; and then, filtered by active carbon in the filtering

stage, most of the organic gases are absorbed on active carbon granulae; finally, it is

blown into the atmosphere by exhaust fan. Deodorizing devices are installed in the

building roof beside the refuse pit. Each destructor is equipped with a set of

deodorizing devices.

Therefore, measures of odor pollution control are feasible in this project.

5.1.7 Measure of Preventing Fly Ash by Solidifying Dust

The self-contained fly ash solidifying workshop of this project is located in

hazardous waste landfill site. Fly ash produced from combustion is transported to that

workshop by tank lorry. The solidifying process of fly ash is totally- enclosed. Part of

the fly ash enters into the air after dust emission and is discharged from roof after

dedusting through bag type collector.


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5.1.8 Reachability Analysis on Flue Gases Pollution Control

Technologies in This Project

According to datum on the existing project acceptance and routine monitor,

indexes of all the pollutants in flue gases are able to meet the relevant national

standards, among which the performance of dioxin-like pollutants reach the EU

standards limit, 0.1 ng-TEQ/Nm3. Therefore, this project adopted the same fume

processing technique as the existing project, which can ensure that flue gases can be

discharged stably and reach the standard. After taking the measure of “using new

method to improve old one”, discharge concentration of dust in incinerating smoked

gases of the whole plant is guaranteed to reach 10mg/m3 in EU 2000 Standard.


152

Table 5.1-3 Treatment Effect of Flue Gases in This Project

Pollutants

Production status

Treatment measures Removing rate

%

Discharge condition Effluent standard

(mg/m3)

Effect Concentration

(mg/m3)

Production

(kg/h)

Concentration

(mg/m3)

Speed

(kg/h)

Smoke and dust 10000 2046

SNCR denitration

+

semi-dry reaction

tower

+

dry deacidification+

Active carbon

absorption

+

bag type collector

99.9 10 2.05 30

Disch

arge after reach

ing th

e standard

SO2 67 13.64 85 10 2.05 260

NOX 360 73.66 50 180 36.83 400

HCl 127.5 26.09 96 5.1 1.04 50

HF 10 2.05 90 1 0.20 2

CO 50 10.23 0 50 10.23 100

Pb 5 1.02 90 0.5 0.10 1.6

Hg 0.5 0.10 90 0.05 0.01 0.1

Cd 0.5 0.10 90 0.05 0.01 0.1

Dioxin - - - ≤0.1ng

TEQ/Nm3

≤20.46

ug/h

0.1ng

TEQ/m3


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5.2 Comment on Water Pollution Prevention Measures

5.2.1 Drainage System

This project adopts the clean water (rainwater) and sewage shunting system.

A small amount of leachate injects back and the rest part enters into

self-contained percolate preprocessing station for treatment. Until reaching the

standards, it is recycled to cool off make-up water in circulation.

House wastewater and oily dining wastewater is taken over by effluent treatment

plant in the new district after being processed by septic tank and oil trap respectively.

In the chemical water treatment system, drainage section is used for mixing lime

slurry, part of which is used for charge mixture of brick field and the rest is used for

watering down in road and unloading platform; cooling tower drainage is recycled as

slag off cooling water.

5.2.2 Measures of Leachate Treatment

In Phase expansion project, the maximum Leachate production is about

480t/d. It is poured into leachate regulating reservoir together with 56t/d sparge water

used in unloading platform, among which 50t/d puffs back to furnace leaving the

remaining 486t/d enter into existing self-contained leachate treatment plant for

treatment.

5.2.2.1 Present Operational Status of Percolate Treatment Station

The self-contained percolate disposal station of Everbright Waste Incineration

Power Plant was started to construct in Jul., 2009 and was completed and began to

debug in May, 2010. It is officially put into use in Sep, 2010.

The designed treatment capacity of percolate disposal station is 1000t/d. In 2010,

leachate production in the existing Phase and projects is around 525t/d, among

which back-injection amount is about 80t/d and handling capacity of the station is

about 509t/a. Therefore, the remaining disposal capacity of the station is around

491t/d, which is enough to treat the newly added leachate in this expansion project.

The existing disposal technological flow is: regulating reservoir→preprocessing

system of first and secondary order reactive precipitation→UBF anaerobic


154

system→SBR aerobic system→SBR effluent buffer pool→build-in ultrafiltration

membrane system→drain off system. The above technological process can remove all

the high density organic pollutant, ammonia nitrogen and phosphor existed in leachate

at a higher rate. It is also operated stably. The processes can be seen in chart5.2-1.

Chart 5.2-1 Technological Flow Chart of the Self-contained Garbage Leachate

Preprocessing Station

Preprocess System

Preprocess system is composed of regulating reservoir, mixing tank, first order

reaction tank, first order desilter, intermediate water pool, secondary order reaction

tank, secondary order desilter, outlet sump and its associated equipment, ect.

The main function of regulating reservoir is to regulate volume and quality of

water, in order to reduce the potential impact load in the latter processing system

caused by uneven water.

First and secondary order reactive precipitation system mainly takes measure of

coagulation sedimentation by putting chemical preparations into leachate to remove

most suspended matters and colloidal substances contained in the leachate, and so as

to release the processing load that the next structures would bear. Waste water flows

automatically into first order reaction tank after mixing with lime in mixing tank, and

then, enters into secondary order reaction tank to mix with flocculent. After reaction

to form large flocs unit granula, it is separated by settling down from the second tank.


155

Supernatant enters into effluent pool and then is lifted to UBF system by horizontal

centrifugal pump. Sludge precipitated and stored in bagger is drained into sludge

thickener for dewatering treatment periodically

UBF Anaerobic System

UBF anaerobic system is composed of UBF reaction tank (first and secondary

order reaction tank), degassing desilter, intermediate water pool and its associated

equipment, ect.

This system adopts two odors UBF and slaking under mesothermal temperature.

Functions of the first order are: hydrolyze and liquefy solid organic into organic acid;

release load impact, dilute unfriendly matters and intercept and hold on to

hard-degradation solid matters. Functions of the secondary order are: keep on the

rigorous anaerobic condition and pH value to profit methane bacteria production;

degradate organic matters to produce digestion gas which contains the major methane,

and intercept and hold on to suspended solid to improve the quality of effluent water.

This system uses diving mixer for internal recycle device, and return-sludge flow

pump equipped outside the tank for outer recycle device. The secondary order UBF

effluent comes into degassing deposit in degassing desilter to guarantee effluent

effect.

SBR Aerobic System

SBR aerobic system is composed of SBR reaction tank, SBR effluent buffer pool,

SBR pump room and its associated equipment, ect.

SBR system adopts jet pump and efflux aerator combination system to add

enough oxygen to raw waste water, so as to provide metabolism with sufficient

oxygen in reaction of aerobic bacteria with organic matters within water, so that

organic matters in water can be produced into harmless inorganic matters such as CO2

and water, etc. Aerating volume is offered on the basis of liquid level variation, which

ensures the stable operation in biochemical treatment stage with high efficiency. SBR

reaction tank takes measure of influent and effluent intermittently. Operating process

is finished in five steps: influent, reaction, precipitation, effluent and set aside. The

reaction period is 16 hours from entering wastewater to setting aside (this period is

adjustable under practical condition).

Ultrafiltration System

Ultrafiltration system is composed of membrane cisterna, membrane module


156

cleaning tank (keep acid and base tank separately), clean water tank, self-contained

pump room and its associated equipment, ect.

Function of this system is, to a further extent, to remove pollutants (organic

matters, COD and BOD, etc.) that are not degradated in biochemical system, so that

water output index can be ensured to reach the design requirement. Combined with

raw water quality and water utilizing requirement, the main task for treatment of raw

water is to remove organic pollutants such as COD, BOD and ammonia nitrogen, etc.

Given the convenience of cleaning and replacing wastewater, membrane box uses

multi-sets and multi-tank structure located inside membrane treating room.

Each structure parameter can be seen in table 5.2-1.

Table 5.2-1 Structure Parameter

Title

Effective

volume

m3

Effective

depth

m

Quantity Remarks

Preprocessing

system

Regulating

reservoir 6,270 5.5 3

Mixing tank 8 2.0 1

First order

reaction

tank

30 2.2 3

First order

desilter 285 2.5 2

Intermediate

water pool 175 5.85 1

Secondary

order

reaction

tank

14.4 1.8 2

Secondary

order

desilter

128 2.25 1

Outlet sump 238 5.6 1

UBF

anaerobic

system

Reaction

tank 10,500 10.5 3

Divide it into two cases: first

order and secondary order

Degassing

precipitation

tank

232 2.7 1

Intermediate

water pool 614 9.0 1

SBR aerobic

system

SBR

reaction

tank

8,160 5.0 6


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Effluent

buffer tank 566 3.0 1

Pump house 4.0 1 Set plane skylight and vent fan

on its top

Ultrafiltration

system

Membrane

cisterna 156 3.5 5

Clean water

tank 105 3.0 1

Treatment efficiency and effect in each processing stage can be seen in table

5.2-2. Effluent standard is in accordance with the three class standards and norms of

table 4 and table 1 regulated in the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard

GB8978-1996 . Emissions standards of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus are

in comply with table 1 norms defined in the Quality Discharge Standard of Sewage

Drained to Municipal Sewer (CJ3082-1999).

Table 5.2-2 Effect Analysis on Each Processing Technology

Unit: pH zero dimension and others in mg/L

Title COD BOD NH3-N SS TP pH

Regulating

reservoir

Quality of influent water 60,000 40,000 2,000 8,000

100 5～7

Predicted quality of effluent water 51,000 34,000 2,000 8,000 100 5～7

Removing rate (%) 15 15 0 0 0

Preprocessing

system

Quality of influent water 51,000 34,000 2,000 8,000 100 6～9

Predicted quality of effluent water 35,700 23,800 1,800 1,200 100 6～9

Removing rate (%) 30 30 10 85 0

UBF system

Quality of influent water 35,700 23,800 1,800 1,200 100 6～9

Predicted quality of effluent water 3,570 2,380 1,800 600 100 6～9

Removing rate (%) 90 90 0 50 0

SBR system

Quality of influent water 3,570 2,380 1,800 600 100 6～9

Predicted quality of effluent water 714 238 18 180 100 6～9

Removing rate (%) 80 90 99 70 0

Ultrafiltration

system

Quality of influent water 714 238 18 180 100 6～9

Predicted quality of effluent water 357 95.2 9 18 8 6～9

Removing rate (%) 50 60 50 90 92

Emission standards 500 300 35 400 8 6～9

5.2.2.2 Upgrading and Reconstruction Plan

This upgrading and reconstruction project is planned to add the

“nanofiltration+reverse osmosis (NF+RO)” technology. In general, the two systems


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contain preprocessing equipment, reverse osmosis/nanofiltration equipment and post

treatment equipment. Preprocessing part is used for adjusting raw water quality to

meet the influent water quality requirement for reverse osmosis and nanofiltration

system. Post-treatment part is used for adjusting components of water produced from

NF and RO process to match the recycling requirement, and to meet the discharge

standard of concentrated water on the other hand.

In general, quality of water produced from single order RO can’t match the

recycling requirement. In order to decline water-producing concentration as much as

possible, the RO system is connected in series. Namely, water produced from the

former order RO is used for influent in the next order RO. Thus, it is called

multi-order RO system (see the following figure).

According to the design data, table 5.2-3 shows the removing rate of all sorts of

pollutants through the advanced treatment technology.

Table 5.2-3 Removing Rate of pollutants through the Advanced Treatment

Technologies

Processing unit CODcr

mg/L

BOD5

mg/L

NH3-N

mg/L

SS

mg/L

NF

Influent

concentration 357 95.2 9 18

Predicted effluent

concentration 142.8 38.08 8.1 9

Removing rate % 60 60 10 50

RO Influent 142.8 38.08 8.1 9


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concentration

Predicted effluent

concentration 28.56 9.52 4.86 4.5

Removing rate % 80 75 40 50

Recycling standard ≤10 ≤10 -

In this way, after advanced treatment, leachate can reach the make-up water

standard of open-circuit cooling water system defined in the Reuse of Urban

Recycling Water—Water Quality Standard for Industrial Uses (GB/T19923-2005) ,

which is reused for circulating cooling make-up water spraying into incinerator

together with RO concentrated water for combustion.

5.2.3 Feasibility Analysis on Piping Waste Water

5.2.3.1Overview of Sewage Plant in New District

Sewage of this project enters into the first effluent treatment plant in the new

district of Suzhou (“sewage plant in new district”, in short) through municipal sewer

grid for concentration processing. Sewage plant in new district is established in 90s of

the last century, located at the crossing of South Yunhe Rd and Zhuyuan Rd, along the

west side of Jinghang Grand Canal in new district of Suzhou. It has been on business

more than ten years and keeps good operating status now. Design processing size of

the whole plant is 80,000t/d. Currently, all the three phases project have been put into

operation with three-tank-alternating oxidation ditch technique. The plant provides

concentrated treatment of industrial and house wastewater for new district of Suzhou,

and its surrounding towns and villages. It always takes the responsibility of processing

leachate that has been preprocessed in Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site.

According to the tailwater automatic monitoring statistics of the plant, its

tailwater is puffed into the canal only after reaching the standard, and has never been

discharged over the standard. Such case has been stably operated in a long time since

it was put into operation officially. On the basis of environmental impact assessment

on expansion project of the plant, as the possibility of wastewater comes from the

upstream canal is 90% (4.2m3/s), its effect distance on the downstream canal is

4,860m; and as that possibility is 50% (19.5m3/s), the distance is 1,470m; since the

Xukou watergate will be closed as Xujiang river flows back, the discharged tailwater

won’t flow back to Taihu lake.


160

The actual taking-over volume of wastewater of the plant is about 60,000t/d at

present, and its remaining processing capacity is nearly 20,000t/d.

For the existing leachate in Phase and projects of Everbright Environmental

Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, it is piped into the sewage plant in new district

together with domestic wastewater after being preprocessed and reaching the

taking-over standard. The current project piping volume on hand is 704t/d, which

accounts 3.52% of the plant’s remaining processing capacity.

5.2.3.2 Analysis of Water Quality

According to the project analysis chapter, pollutant concentration of house

sewage in this project is low: COD≤500mg/L, BOD≤300mg/L, which reaches the

piping standard of the plant.

5.2.3.3 Analysis of Water Quantity

In the construction of Phase expansion project, upgrading and reconstruction

plan is adopted in leachate treatment plant. Leachate is not discharged after advanced

treatment, which can reduce 656t/d taking-over wastewater; the newly added

wastewater of this project is about 8t/d. Therefore, after taking the measure of “using

new method to improve old one”, wastewater piping volume is declined largely.

Wastewater piped by the whole plant is only 36t/d, accounting 0.18% of the plant’s

remaining processing capacity.

To conclude, it’s feasible for this project to pipe wastewater into sewage plant in

new district.

5.2.4 Analysis on Measures to Treat Leachate in Accident State

The existing project is constructed with a leachate accident collecting system of

11,000m3 to be used for fender system. At the accident state of furnace shut down,

leachate flows from the bottom of rubbish unloading outlet and the lateral leachate

collector ditch, through the curb under the anti-seepage leachate collector ditch and

rubbish store and the leachate storage tank, after being filtered by stainless wire net

grid, into leachate balancing tank for temporary storage.

5.3 Comment on Noise Pollution Prevention Measures


161

The noise source of this project mainly comes from air force equipment and

high-power water pump, etc., e.g. turbo unit and wind turbine, etc. Most of the noise

is caused by wind turbine, condenser, steam turbine generator, water pump, air

discharge (safety valve) and vapor leakage, etc. To ensure that noise at the plant

boundary meet the emission standard, this project takes the following measures:

(1) Adopt low-noise equipment for control valve and safety valve of furnace

exhaust piping, set small-hole exhaust muffler for stream boiler, and reduce the

vibration between valve and muffler.

(2) Make sound proof box for wind turbine and equip it with muffler.

(3) Take vibration, noise control measures to all sorts of pumps.

(4) Make sound proof effect by Fiberglas for turbo unit, install sound-proof

chamber, take vibration reducing measure, and install muffler at air inlet/outlet.

(5) Use building materials with good sound-proof and sound deadening

properties for stream turbine room and boiler house, etc.

(6) Enhance management and mechanical equipment maintenance, and test the

noise level frequently to clean up the potential hazard.

(7) Aim for rational distribution; take greening measure to isolate noise.

(8) Plant sound-proof greening belt to set-up a planting barrier.

5.4 Comment on Solid Waste Pollution Prevention Measures

5.4.1 Prevention Measures

Solid waste of destructor plant mainly contains clinker, fly ash, sludge of

leachate processing station and domestic waste of the plant, etc.

5.4.1.1Ways to Treat Slag

Slag produced from incinerator is discharged in form of dry type. At the bottom

of each incinerator, there is a slag discharge opening placed in the water cooling type

grid plate. After burning the waste, the produced slag drops into water-cooling slag

hoist through the discharge opening, and then it is discharged into cinder pit; the thin

refuse leaking from grate slit is transported to cinder pit by grate ash leakage conveyor.

Finally, slag is loaded upon tip lorry by grab crane and then transported to the

self-contained brick field for comprehensive utilization.


162

According to the monitoring data, during acceptance period of Phase project

from Jul.9, 2009 to Jul.10, 2009, ignition loss percentage of slag is 0.36%~0.62%, and

the testing result of that in Oct.28, 2010 and Oct.30, 2010 is 0.981%~4.36%, all of

which reaches the standard defined in the Standards for Pollution Control on

Household Garbage Burning GB18480-2001 that percentage should not be more

than 5%, and can be land filled directly or put into comprehensive utilization.

Therefore, the slag produced from this project can be comprehensively used in its

self-contained brick plant.

5.4.1.2Treatment Measures of Fly ash

Fly ash refers to reaction products of gas disposal system and smoke dust filtered

by bag type collector. It is listed in National Dangerous Wastes Catalogue with serial

number of HW18 802-002-18 .

According to the Circular on Further Strengthening Environment Impact

Assessment Management of Biomass Waste-to-Energy Projects,

Environmental-development N. 82 of 2008, in this garbage power project, “fly ash

burning is in the class of hazardous waste, and it is required to be stored and treated in

accordance with the Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage

GB18597-2001 and Standard for Pollution Control on the Security Landfill Site

for Hazardous Wastes GB18598-2001 . It is required to promote comprehensive use

of incinerated fly ash in the case that the adopted technology is sure to breakdown

dioxin totally and fix heavy metals effectively, and no secondary pollution is caused

in the process of producing and using of fly ash. After Standard for Pollution Control

on the Landfill Site for Household Garbage is put into effect, it is also available for

furnace cinder and fly ash to be disposed as per the new standard. ”

It is regulated in Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for

Household Garbage GB16889-2008 that “after treatment, domestic waste

incinerating fly ash and medical waste incinerating residue (including fly ash and

bottom slag) must meet the following terms before going for landfill disposal in

domestic waste landfill site: 1 water content must be less than 30% 2 dioxin

content must be less than 3μgTEQ/Kg 3 concentration of harmful component exists


163

in leachate, made in accordance with HJ/T300, must be lower than the limit defined in

table 1.”

For fly ash produced from incinerated in this project, it is tested once a week by

Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Solid Waste Disposal

Holdings Limited after solidifying chelation. Through their judgment, if it reaches the

requirement of entering domestic waste landfill site, it can be transported to Qizishan

Refuse Landfill Site for landfill. Otherwise, it is still transported to hazardous wastes

landfill site for safety landfill as hazardous waste.

Fly ash Solidifying System

Fly ash in destructor flue gases is collected by bag type collector together with

the reaction matters produced from deacidification tower. Then fly ash is transported

from the bottom fly ash removal apparatus of bag type collector to tank lorry. At last,

all fly ash of the whole plant is delivered to its solidifying workshop by tank car for

further treatment.

The self-contained flying solidifying workshop is located in the site of Phase

expansion project of Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Solid

Waste Disposal Limited (namely, the landfill site for hazardous waste). In the

workshop, there is a cement bin 60m3 and two ash bins (both of them are 300m

3 in

volume). Cement is transported to cement silo by pneumatic. Fly ash stocked in ash

bin, reaction matter, cement and coagulant are put into blending bunker as per certain

proportions through cinder valve. After mixing those by vibrating blending bunker

and putting them into solidify forming machine for shaping treatment. Then, the

formed drying solid is transported by motor vehicle to refuse landfill site for landfill

treatment or temporarily stocked in the plant, and then follow suit.

Property Analysis of Fly ash

The sample of that fly ash is sent to Suzhou Environmental Project Quality

Detection Co., Ltd. in Jiangsu province for its heavy metal content testing and

Environmental Quality Inspection Center of Tsinghua University for dioxin content

testing once a year.

According to the mixing fly ash detection report on the 5 incinerators of the

company’s existing project from Environmental Quality Inspection Center of


164

Tsinghua University from Nov.16, 2010 to Nov.26, 2010, its dioxin content is

680ngTEQ/Kg, which is much lower than the limit figure, 3μgTEQ/Kg.

Introduction of Landfill Site

Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site in Suzhou was established in 1993. The

4,700,000m3

storage capacity of Phase has been filled up. In 2009, the site was

expanded vertically by 7,800,000 m3 on its former address (it is expected to serve 16

years with designed disposal capacity of about 1600t/d). The newly expanded storage

has been completed and put into use.

Hazardous solid waste landfill site serves the urban areas of Suzhou with an

investment of RMB 78 million and size of 100,000m3 in Phase project. Ultimately,

its size reaches 600,000m3 with investment of about RMB 253 million. The report on

environmental impact assessment of this project has been given a written reply

(Suzhou environmental administration N.93, 2006) by Jiangsu Environmental

Protection Hall, which states that incinerating residue contains in the class of solid

waste treatment (HW18) and Phase project can be put into production officially on

Jul.4, 2007. Presently, Phase expansion project is under preparation.

5.4.1.3 Other Wastes

Solidify the waste active carbon produced from waste gas treatment together

with fly ash, and then, landfill it.

Other solid waste, such as domestic waste and duolite, etc. is incinerated in the

destructor plant.

5.4.2 General Requirement for Storage and Convey of Solid Waste

According to the Standard for Pollution Control on the Storage and Disposal

Site for General Industrial Solid Waste GB18599-2001 , the requirements for storage

and disposal site operational management of general industrial solid waste are as

follows:

Hazardous waste and domestic waste are forbidden to be mixed in the storage

and disposal site of general industrial solid waste.


165

Operator of storage and disposal site should establish inspection and

maintenance system to inspect equipment periodically such as dike, dam, and

diversion channel, etc. As long as potential deterioration or disorder is found,

necessary measures should be taken timely, so as to guarantee its normal operation.

5.4.3 Requirement for Storage and Convey of Hazardous Solid Waste

According to the Hazardous Waste Disposal Policy, Environmental

Development, N.199, [2011], the requirements for hazardous waste storage are as

below:

For hazardous waste that has been produced, given it can’t be recycled or

treated in the short run, its producer must set-up special facilities for hazardous waste

storage, as well as hazardous waste mark. Hazardous waste mustn’t be transferred to

any unit without license in any form or stocked in non-hazardous waste storage

facilities. Hazardous waste storage facility should have related matching equipment

and be managed as relevant regulations.

Skirting that could block leakage should be constructed; Materials of floor and

skirting should be firm and water tight; in addition, isolation facility and wind- proof,

sun-proof and rain-proof equipment are also a must.

Foundational infiltration proof layer should be clay bed with thickness above

1m and osmotic coefficient less than 1.0*10-7

cm/s; Foundational infiltration proof

layer can also adopt high density polyethylene or other artificial anti seepage

materials with thickness above 2 mm and osmotic coefficient less than 1.0*10-10

cm/s.

For places used for storage of liquid and semisolid hazardous waste, the floor

must be hard and corrosion proof without any slit.

Opposite zone of Incompatible hazardous wastes must be isolated by isolating

room.

Hazardous wastes (fly ash, ect.) in this project must be temporarily stored as per

the above requirements.

5.5 Underground Water and Soil Prevention Measures


166

In order to prevent soil and underground water from being polluted, the project

pays highly attention to the antiseepage measures of refuse pit, leachate collecting

tank, accident tank and fly ash disposal system, etc.

With reference to the local geological conditions of natural foundation layer,

natural clay, and single-layer synthesize material or double-layer synthesis material is

adopted to make the antiseepage under layer of refuse pit, leachate collecting tank,

accident tank and fly ash disposal system. In case the saturated permeability

coefficient of natural foundation layer is less than 1.0×10-7

cm/s and thickness of that

no less than 2m, natural clay antiseepage underlayer can be adopted. In case the

saturated permeability coefficient of natural foundation layer is less than 1.0×10-5

cm/s

and thickness of that no less than 2m, single-layer synthesis material antiseepage

underlayer can be adopted. Single-layer synthesis material underlayer should be no

less than 0.75m in thickness and, after being compacted, its saturated permeability

coefficient be less than that of natural clay antiseepage underlayer, 1.0×10-7

cm/s, or

other material antiseepage underlayer with the equal and above water proof

effectiveness. In case the saturated permeability coefficient of natural foundation layer

is no less than 1.0×10-5

cm/s or thickness of that no less than 2m, double-layer

synthesis material antiseepage underlayer should be adopted. Double layer synthesis

material underlayer should be no less than 0.75m in thickness and, after being

compacted, its saturated permeability coefficient be less than that of natural clay

antiseepage underlayer, 1.0×10-7

cm/s, or other material antiseepage underlayers with

the equal and above water proof effectiveness; water transmit layer and leak detection

layer should be laid in the space between its two layers. High density polyethylene

that meets the specifications regulated in CJ/T234 or other synthesis materials with

equal authenticity should be used for making synthesis material antiseepage

underlayer

5.6 Greening Measures

Greening is a great advantage to prevent pollution and protect environment.

Planting trees and flowers in each open area of the plant can increase the greening

level, purify the air, adjust temperatures, reduce noise, beautify environment and

improve the self-cleaning capacity of the environment, which is also one of the

fundamental measures to protect environment. In particular, greening is also the key


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content of enterprise environmental protection. It is an important part in constructing a

civilization and clean garden-like factory. Therefore, greening should be considered as

the important part of this project and planned at the stage of general plan layout. The

planned greening rate of this project is 30%.

Suitable greening plants is chosen to be planted on the basis of the plant detail

condition and pollution characters of this project and by taking comprehensive

account of the property of discharged pollutants and local climate condition. In

addition, given the safety guarding requirement of building structures and

underground pipe networks for green plants, greening design is taken into

consideration in the unified planning of the whole factory as per esthetic aspect.

Antisoil tree species is selected as per the character of air pollutant as well as the

local climate and quality of soil, e.g. acacia, spindle tree, tree of heaven and fortunes

paulownla, etc. in the class of arbor tree.

Principles of Afforestation Planning:

Production zone: make greening plan according to all conditions of the plant, e.g.

management, repair and fire control, etc. High dirt resistant deciduous tree and hedge

can be planted around production shop to reduce noise and clean air.

Greening along both side of road: there should be planted with roadside trees,

mainly megaphanerophyte with perfectly straight branch and lush branches and leaves,

laid out symmetrically. Meanwhile, hedge should be planted between two of each

trees to form a green- wall belt.

Greening around the plant: in the arrangement of general layout, a green belt of

2-3m in width should be set aside to form a tree-protecting belt combining arbor and

shrub.

5.7 Summary List of “Three-meanwhile” Acceptance Check

According to the Environment Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China,

the design, as well as construction and setting to work, of anti-pollution facilities in

the construction project must be done with the principal part of the project

simultaneously. However, the “Three-meanwhile” acceptance check of anti-pollution

facilities construction is a forceful measure to control new pollution source and total

pollutant emission volume and keep environment from deteriorating strictly. This


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project must be applied to environmental protection department for

“Three-meanwhile” acceptance check in preproduction stage. The detailed

implementation schedules are:

Construction unit is to apply to its local environmental protection competent

department for preproduction qualification.

Construction unit is to invite environmental monitoring department to detect

the discharged pollutant concentration at each sewage draining exist under normal

production condition.

Construction unit is to apply to its local environmental protection competent

department for “Three-meanwhile” acceptance check.

The following table shows the “Three-meanwhile” Acceptance Check after

finishing the project construction.

Table 4.7-1 Summary List of “Three-meanwhile” Acceptance Check

Items Pollution

sources Pollutants

Treatment

measures

amounts,

size and

processing

capacity, ect.

Investment on

environmental

protection

RMB, ten

thousand

Treatment effect,

execution

standard or

planned

requirement

Finish

time

Waste gases

Incinerati

on waste

gas

SO2, NO2,

PM10, HCl, HF,

Cd, Hg, Pb and

dioxin

Smoke control

system with 3

sets of

semi-dry

reaction tower+

dry

deacidification

+active

carbon+ bag

type collector

3,500

Reach the

discharge

standard of EU

2000

Carry

out in

the

same

time

with

project

constru

ction

Fly ash

solidifyin

g dust

emission

PM10 Bag type dust

collector

Reach the

concentration

standard within

the factory

boundary

Refuse Malodor gases, Negative Reach the

concentration


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Items Pollution

sources Pollutants

Treatment

measures

amounts,

size and

processing

capacity, ect.

Investment on

environmental

protection

RMB, ten

thousand

Treatment effect,

execution

standard or

planned

requirement

Finish

time

malodor e.g. H2S, NH3,

etc.

pressure,

deodorizer

standard within

the factory

boundary

Waste water

leachate

and

terrace

vehicle

sparge

water

pH, COD,

BOD, SS,

ammonian, Pb,

As, Hg, Cd,

Cr6+ and Cu,

etc.

Waste leachate

collecting

system

4,000

A small

amount of

leachate is

injected back

and the

remaining part is

recycled after

advanced

treatment in its

self-contained

leachate

processing

station

Househol

d waste

water

COD, BOD,

SS, ammonia

nitrogen, total

phosphorus

/ Piping

Other

waste

water

pH Neutralization

pit Recycle

Noise

Power

unit -

Install sound

proof device

and add

muffler at the

air inlet/outlet

260

Reach the

standard within

the factory

boundary

Induced

draft fan

and

forced

draft fan

-

Add

sound-proof

box and

muffler

All sorts

of pumps -

Add

sound-proof

box and

muffler

Air

compress

or

-

Insulate sound

and add

muffler

Stream

boiler -

Adopt

low-noise


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Items Pollution

sources Pollutants

Treatment

measures

amounts,

size and

processing

capacity, ect.

Investment on

environmental

protection

RMB, ten

thousand

Treatment effect,

execution

standard or

planned

requirement

Finish

time

safety valve

and control

valve; add

muffler and

take vibration

reducing

measure

Solid waste

General

industrial

solid

waste

Cinder

Comprehensive

utilization and

processing

disposal

450

Solid waste zero

discharge

Hazardo

us solid

waste

Fly ash and

waste active

carbon

Solidify and

landfill

Househol

d solid

waste

domestic waste

Incineration

disposal in the

plant

Antiseepage

Waste storage pit, leachate

collecting tank and flying

ash solidifying workshop

Adopt

antiseepage

underlayer in

materials of

natural clay,

single-layer

artificial

synthesis

material and

double-layer

artificial

material

250

No pollution to

soil and

underground

water

Greening Covering rate of factory greening is 30％ 180

Beautify

environment and

reduce noise


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Items Pollution

sources Pollutants

Treatment

measures

amounts,

size and

processing

capacity, ect.

Investment on

environmental

protection

RMB, ten

thousand

Treatment effect,

execution

standard or

planned

requirement

Finish

time

Accident

emergency

measures

Set up accident emergency measure and

management system; improve waste water

pipe grid

the existing support for leachate accident

emergency tank is 11,000m3

30

Prevent risk

accident from

happening to the

maximum limit;

if it does

happened, deal

with it

effectively to

keep the risk at

one’s acceptable

level

Environmental

management

(institution and

monitoring

ability, etc.)

Establish environmental management and

monitoring system; take pollution prevention

measures during construction period

100

Divert waste

water from

clean water and

plainly sewage

draining exit by

install flow

meter and

on-line monitor,

etc.

Divert waste water from clean water and build

up waste pipe grid; an exhaust mast

(three-tube exhaust mast with 80m in height);

normalize the discharge exit of waste water

and gases; a set of on-line flue gas analyzer, a

set of pH and COD monitor used for

monitoring the temperature and flow speed of

pollutants and flue gases; the monitor signal is

transmitted and shown in the display screen of

control room and plant gate.

500

“Using new

method to

improve old

one”

1 solidify and chelate fly ash in the

factory

2 improve combustion control

system——take measures such as control the

frequency of flipping grate, control air leak

6,690

Put down the

existing

discharge

amount of

pollutants. Total

amount of that


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Items Pollution

sources Pollutants

Treatment

measures

amounts,

size and

processing

capacity, ect.

Investment on

environmental

protection

RMB, ten

thousand

Treatment effect,

execution

standard or

planned

requirement

Finish

time

volume strictly and reduce velocity of flue

gases to reduce the production of smoke dust

contained in waste gases

3 adopt high-efficiency dedusting cloth

bag; clean the bag by blowing fly ash timely to

ensure that emission concentration of flue

gases reach the standard of EU 2000;

4 add dry deacidification system and jet

slaked lime into the flue through which flue

gas passes, so as to further reduce the

discharge volume of acid gases, e.g. HCl,

contained in flue gases;

5 upgrade and reconstruct the leachate

treatment plant and add an advanced

processing technology, “NF+RO”.

can’t be more

than the

approved

amount

Total 15,960


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6 Industrial Policies, Cleaner Production and

Recycling Economy Analysis

6.1 Industrial Policies

(1) The Waste-to-Energy plant constructed in the project belongs to the

encouragement catalogue of “20. The reduction, resource recovery and harmless

treatment and comprehensive utilization engineering for downtown garbage and other

solid wastes in Article 38, Environmental Protection and Resource Conservation

Comprehensive Utilization” in Guideline Catalogue for Industrial Restructuring

(2011 version) of National Development and Reform Commission Decree No.40.

(2) The construction of this project complies with the encouragement catalogue

of “the reduction, resource recovery and harmless treatment and comprehensive

utilization engineering for downtown garbage and other solid wastes” of Guidance

Catalogue for Industrial Structure Adjustment of Jiangsu Province.

(3) It is stated in Item 100 of “domestic waste treatment technology and

equipment” of Article 6 of “Environmental Protection and Resource Comprehensive

Utilization”, Article 6 of Guideline of Developing High Tech Industrialization First in

Important Field (2004) formulated by National Development and Reform

Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology and Ministry of Commerce, that:

Domestic waste is distinguished by many production source, complex and

unstable character, big pollution influence range, thus it is difficult to reach the aim of

effectively govern pollution, reduction and resource recovery by virtue of single

treatment technology or equipment. The key points of recent industrialization include

garbage selection technology and equipment, large-scale garbage incineration disposal

equipment and thermal recovery and utilization system and equipment; garbage

landfill leachate treatment technology and equipment; garbage landfill gas (methane)

recovery and utilization technology and equipment.

(4) This project uses domestic waste to generate power and control the emission

of all pollutants to comply with the “3.2 Encouraging garbage incineration waste heat

utilization and recovery and utilization of landfill gas, and thermophilic composting of

organic garbage and methane produced by anaerobic digestion” and “3.3 It is required


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to avoid and control secondary pollution during the process of garbage recovery and

comprehensive utilization” of Technological Policy for Treatment of Domestic wastes

and Its Pollution Prevention, which is issued by Ministry of Construction, State

Environmental Protection Administration and Ministry of Science and Technology

(May 29, 2000).

Therefore, this project construction complies with national and local relevant

industrial policies.

6.2 Cleaner Production

6.2.1 Advanced Technology and Management Support

As the investment, construction and operator with the biggest production scale

and high standard for operation emission in China, Everbright International Limited

has 12 Waste-to-Energy projects at present. All completed and operated projects are

online with local environmental protection authorities and listed to the public to

accept supervision from government and the mass. At present, the company has many

kinds of qualifications, such as professional contractor qualification for environmental

protection engineering, operation qualification for environment pollution control

facilities and safety production permit, and has various professional technicians of

research and development, engineering management, field adjustment and power

plant operation. It is also the comprehensive environmental protection enterprise with

leading technology, good engineering performance and excellent growth in

Waste-to-Energy industry.

Through years of experience in the construction and operation of

Waste-to-Energy, Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.

makes its Stage engineering and Stage engineering operate in good condition to

ensure the “three wastes” steadily reach standard of emission, thus to ease the

increasing demand for domestic waste disposal of Suzhou.

6.2.2 Comparison of Disposal Plans

The method of domestic waste disposal is restricted by economic development

level, natural conditions and traditional customs, and changes according to national

conditions, usually including the disposal methods of landfill, incineration,


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composting and recovery (recycling on the basis of garbage classification). According

to the statistics by the Warmer Bulletin, No. 44, 1995, the magazine published by

World Energy Fund, see Table 6.2-1 for the statistics of domestic waste disposal

methods in 18 developed or more developed countries in Europe, America and Asia.

Table 6.2-1 Statistics of Domestic waste Disposal Methods in 18 Countries in

Europe, America and Asia

Disposal

Method Incineration Landfill Composting Recovery Total

Accumulative

Ratio % 721 856 97 126 1,800

Translation

Ratio % 40.1 47.6 5.4 7.0 100.0

It is found in the statistic data that the countries with landfill disposal accounting

for the major proportion are those with large geographical area or little population,

such as America, Canada, Finland, Italy, Spain, Norway, Britain, etc. while countries

with incineration disposal accounting for the major proportion are those with small

geographical area or large population, such as Japan, Denmark, Luxembourg,

Singapore, Switzerland, Sweden, etc. In general, landfill and incineration are the main

disposal methods for domestic waste at present. In recent ten years, the proportion of

garbage incineration disposal rises year by year, such as that of America in 1990 is

18%, but it has exceeded 40% at present, and that of Singapore increases almost to

100% from 85%.

The characteristics of sanitary landfill method are low cost (1/15-1/8 of

incineration method; 1/5-1/3 of composting disposal method), wide applicable scope,

and it can control secondary pollution under scientific site selection and applying

necessary environmental measures, reasonable landfill site structure. The urban

garbage in China has high content of inorganic substance, low calorific value, and big

water content and the sanitary landfill will be applied in a long time under the current

economic conditions. For more than a decade, the disposal capacity through sanitary

landfill in China has been increased to current over 70% from the 11% at the

beginning of 1990s.


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Composting disposal refers to use microorganism to break down the organic

matters in garbage under control conditions. This method depends on the organic

components of garbage. In case the organic matter is degraded to reach harmless

requirements through long-time anaerobic fermentation, a large amount of

composting can be gotten through selection, which can be used to improve the fertility

of soil. However, offensive odor is easily yielded during fermentation, whose

technological conditions are difficult to control. In addition, composting products also

have matters that are difficult to degrade, for instance, glass particles. In recent years,

the heavy metal residues of composting are gaining increasing attention and the

selection of composting technology is very careful.

Incineration method is a high temperature heat treatment technology, which can

realize the harmless, reduction and resource recovery of garbage through oxidation

and combustion reaction. By March, 2005, about 20 incineration plants had been

completed and put into operation in Shanghai, Beijing and Shenzhen, but its

investment cost is high, suitable for cities with developed economy.

Recovery treatment is to implement garbage classification first and select

garbage treatment method according to the types of garbage. At present, the sorting

collection of urban garbage in China is preliminarily implemented in some big cities,

such as Beijing and Shanghai, and most regions still apply mixed collection. While

garbage classification in foreign countries has formed a type of normative system and

common residents also have high sense of classification. See Table 6.2-2 for the

characteristics of landfill, incineration and composting disposal method.

From comparison, the disposal method of incineration can effectively reduce

garbage weight and volume and land for landfill, and obtain certain energy efficiency.

Through proper purification treatment of incineration gas and safety treatment of fly

ash, it is possible to control secondary pollution and realize reduction, harmless and

partly resource recovery. It is the ideal garbage treatment technology for cities with

developed economy and limit land resource, as well as one of the methods for the

multiple comprehensive treatment development of urban garbage.


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Table 6.2-2 Comparison of Domestic Waste Disposal Method

Item Sanitary landfill Incineration High temperature composting

Adaptability Applicable to general garbage Thermal value shall be not less than 5,000kJ/kg The content of organic matter shall be more than 40～

60％

Reliability Reliable Reliable Reliable

Operation safety Prevention of fire and explosion Good Good

Site selection Difficult to select site, with limit capacity of

landfill site. Easy to select site. Easy to select site.

Area Big Small Moderate

Treatment process

Simple process equipment, easy to operate,

difficult to sewage treatment, disposable

landfill site

Complex process equipment, high requirements for

operation management, reliable technology, run

continuously round-the-clock

Simple process equipment, it can be solved by sewage

treatment, long treatment period, residue needs to be

landfilled

Final disposal None The residue needs to be landfilled, accounting for more than

15% of the initial amount

Non-composting matter needs to be landfilled,

accounting for more than 30% of the initial amount

Product market Sanitary landfill for methane recovery and

the methane can be used to generate power

The thermal energy or electrical energy can be used by the

society, with good economic benefits

There is certain difficult to carry out composting

market and various measures are needed.

Energy meaning Some have Continuous operation None

Resource utilization Recover soil utilization or regenerate soil

resource

Garbage sorting can recycle some matters and transform

resource utilization Used as fertilizer and recycle part matter

Underground water

pollution

Needs impermeable protection and leakage

may still happens Smallest possibility Smallest possibility

Atmospheric pollution Controlled by measures such as air guide The purification treatment of gas can control atmospheric Little odor


178

Item Sanitary landfill Incineration High temperature composting

and cover pollution

Soil pollution It is limited to landfill site area None It is needed to control the content of harmful

substances

Impact on environment Big Smallest Smaller

Management level General Higher Higher

Working environment Bad Good Worse

Unit investment RMB 150,000～ 250,000 Yuan/t RMB 400,000～ 600,000 Yuan/t RMB 300,000～ 500,000 Yuan/t


179

6.2.3 Advancement of the Selected Furnace Model

According to combustion method, the model of furnace can be divided into

mechanical stoker incinerator, fluidized bed incinerator, rotary kiln incinerator and

thermal pyrolysis incinerator. See Table 6.2-3 for the comparison of the

comprehensive performance of typical furnace models.

Table 6.2-3 Comparative Statement of the Comprehensive Performance of

Typical Furnace Models (Incinerators)

Item Mechanical

stoker incinerator

Fluidized bed

incinerator

Rotary kiln

incinerator

Thermal

pyrolysis

gasification

incinerator

Stoker style Mechanical

stoker

No stoker No stoker No stoker

Main transmission

mechanism

Stoker None Furnace bogy Garbage

feeding

Pressure of

combustion air

Low High Low Low

Contact between

garbage and air

Better Better Better Good

Firing up Faster Fast Slow Fast

Secondary

combustion

chamber

No need No need Need Need

Temperature of flue

gas

Low Middle Lower High

Dust content of flue

gas

Lower Higher Higher Lowest

Area Big Small Middle Middle

Garbage broken

situation

Need Need No need No need

Volume of

combustion furnace

Bigger Small Big Bigger

Status of

combustion furnace

Still Still Rotary Still

Unburned residue Less 5％ Little ≤2％ Less 5％ Little 3％


180

Operation Convenient Convenient Convenient Convenient

Thermal value

applicable to

garbage

Wide Low High Low

Applicable garbage

water content

Higher High Lower Low

Garbage treatment

amount of single

furnace

Big Big Middle Small

History of garbage

incineration

Long Longer Longer Short

Equipment

investment

High Low Lower Lower

Maintenance

workload

Many Less Less More

Stoker Incinerator

Mechanical stoker incinerator is the earlier developed garbage incinerator model.

The forms of mechanical stoker incinerator change according to the structure and

mode of motion, but the basic principle of combustion is similar. Garbage is

implemented stratified combustion on stoker and the ash residue is discharged out of

furnace after dryness, combustion. All stokers apply different methods to loosen the

garbage layers and make garbage fully contact with air, thus to reach ideal combustion

effect. The air for the combustion of garbage is sent from the bottom of the stoker.

According to thermal value and water of garbage, the wind sent into furnace can be

heat wind or cold wind, and different stoker structures have different stoker ventilation

ways. According to the mode of motion and structure, the models of mechanical stoker

incinerator include reciprocate stoker, rolling stoker, multistage wave stoker and pulse

cast stoker. The main model includes reciprocate stoker and rolling stoker.

The advantages of stoker furnace include:

• Mature technology, especially, it is used almost for all large-scale incineration

plant and is the most popular model to dispose domestic waste incineration with the

biggest amount;

• It can adapt to the features of high water and low thermal value of domestic

waste and it can ensure full combustion of garbage without adding auxiliary fuel;


181

• Reliable and convenient to operate, strong adaptability to garbage and difficult

to cause secondary pollution;

• Low requirements to the pretreatment of garbage and relatively low operation

fees;

• Long service life, stable and reliable, and convenient to operate and

maintenance.

Fluidized Bed Incineration Technology

Fluidized bed technology was used to incinerate industrial sludge in 1960s, to

incinerate domestic waste in 1970s, and it was popularized in Japan in 1980s with the

market share of 10%. But at the late 1990s, the application in domestic waste

incineration decreased significantly because of the increase of smoke emission

standard and disadvantages of fluidized incinerator, such high fly ash quantity and fly

ash hot burning reduction rate and difficult to control.

The incineration mechanism of fluidized bed incinerator is similar to that of coal

fluidized bed, which uses the big thermal content of bed material to ensure the full

combustion of garbage, and garbage is fed until the bed material is heated to about

600℃, keeping the temperature of bed layer at 850℃. Fluidized bed incinerator can

implement incineration treatment to any garbage, full combustion. But troubles are

easily to happen to the garbage with strict requirements for crush pretreatment. In

recent years, fluidized bed incinerator is used to a certain degree in China, but most

fluidized bed incinerators cannot incinerate commonly without coal. Therefore, there

are disputes on garbage incineration application, which need to be further perfected.

Thermal Pyrolysis Incinerator

Thermal pyrolysis incinerator refers to one that can break down organic matters

at certain temperature (500~600℃) under anoxia or non-oxidation atmosphere, and

the organic matters will undergo thermal pyrolysis to change it into thermal

decomposition gas (burning mixture); Then lead the thermal decomposition gas into

combustion chamber for combustion, thus to break down organic pollutants, and the

waste heat can be used to generate electricity and provide heat. The pyrolysis

technology is widely used and is applied to deal with various kinds of garbage. Since

it is affected by garbage features and the features of follow-up thermal pyrolysis gas


182

(thermal value and components), the combustion is difficult to control, the ash residue

is difficult to burn fully and the discharge is difficult to reach standard.

Moreover, in Europe and Japan, thermal pyrolysis always applies rotary kiln

incinerator and fluidized bed incinerator, which can burn out ash residue and melt to

glass ash residue together with combustion melting furnace. This technology is used

in developed countries, but it requires high thermal value of garbage, high costs of

plant construction, and its operation cost is two times of that of mechanical stoker.

Rotary Kiln

The rotary kiln incineration system is designed from the rotary burning kiln

widely used in the firebrick lining of concrete industry. Garbage is fed from the front

end on the top of the slant and slowly rotary kiln, with the forward velocity controlled

by rotation speed, so as to make the garbage finish dryness, combustion and cooling

of ash in the conveying process in rotary kiln, and the cooled ash residue is discharged

out from the end behind the furnace kiln. The whole furnace body of rotary kiln can

be made by welding the cooling pipe and steel plate with holes, or adding fire

protective lining to the interior of steel barrel. The furnace body shall be inclined to

the downside and can be divided into three blocks, namely dryness mixture,

combustion and post-combustion, supporting by front and rear rolling wheels, chain

wheel drives wheel to rotate furnace body and garbage is on furnace body and obtain

good flapping of copper and transmitted forward because of rotation. The preheated

air goes into kiln through the steel plate with holes at the bottom to make garbage

combust fully.

The features of rotary kiln include wide fuel adaptability, incinerating wastes

with different performance, with a few mechanical parts and little faults, and

continuous operation for a long time. But the heat efficient of rotary kiln is low, in

case auxiliary fuel is needed, the consumption is much, the discharged gas has low

temperature and offensive odor, which need deodorization device or incineration in

high temperature post-combustion chamber. Since the kiln body is long with big area

and the strict requirements for the stoker structure of post-combustion chamber, it has

high cost and price. Rotary kiln is usually used to industrial wastes with complex

components and toxicity and harness and medical garbage, with little application in

present domestic waste incineration.


183

At present, the large-scale incinerator widely applied in China is mechanical

stoker incinerator and fluidized bed incinerator. It is stated in Technological Policy for

Treatment of Domestic Wastes and Its Pollution Prevention, which is issued by

Ministry of Construction, State Environmental Protection Administration and

Ministry of Science and Technology that “Current waste incineration is supposed to

use grate furnace-based mature technology and the use of other type of incinerators

shall be carefully decided”. Meanwhile, combining with the successful cases of Phase

engineering and Phase engineering , the Stage engineering still applies the

mechanical stoker from Kepple Seghers company of Belgium, easy to management

and maintenance.

According to the Current National Focus on Encouraging and Development

Environmental Industry Equipment (Products) Catalogue (2007) issued by State

Environmental Protection Administration and National Development and Reform

Commission, the technology conditions of Phase expansion engineering comply

with the main indicators and technical requirements of “63. Incineration Equipment

for Solid Wastes”, the performance of garbage grabbing crane complies with the main

indicators and technical requirements of “64. Garbage Grabbing Crane”, so as to

encourage and develop environmental protection industrial equipment.

6.2.4 Advancement of Pollution Treatment Facilities

Gas purification technology is determined by the pollutant component, density

and implemented emission standard in the waste gas yielded during the process of

garbage incineration. Normally, gas purification technology mainly controls acidic

gas (HCl, HF and SO2), particulate matter, heavy metal and organic poisons (dioxin

and furan), and acidic gas desorption and particulate matter gathering is the key to

technology design. At present, gas purification technology mainly includes dry

purification, semi-dry purification, wet purification, NOx purification and activated

carbon injection. Each technology has many combinations, which are introduced

briefly as follows.

(1) Dry Purification

It was widely used before 1980s. With the increasing strict environmental

protection standard, its application becomes less and less. The typical technology is

the combination of dry absorption reaction tower and bag filter. The smoke yielded by


184

combustion directly enters into dry absorption reaction tower and occur chemical

neutralization reaction and generate harmless neutral salt particles, then enters into the

downstream bag filter, where the reaction product, dust in smoke and absorbent that

doesn’t take part in reaction are gathered, thus to reach the purpose of purification.

The removal rate for HC1 of this method is generally 80%～90%.

Dry purification has simple technology, low investment, no waste water, small

equipment corrosion, high gas temperature and no white smoke generated. Its

disadvantages include large agent dosage, with the excess coefficient reaching over 3,

and the deacidification efficient of 50%～80%. In order to adapt to the increasing

requirements of environment, this method is not used frequently.

(2) Semi-dry Purification

The semi-dry Purification technology is the garbage incineration gas treatment

technology that is widely used in domestic and foreign garbage incineration plants. Its

absorbent mainly applies Ca (OH) 2; the typical technology is the combination of

spray dry reaction tower and bag filter.

Ca (OH) 2 applies pneumatic transport and it becomes salt through spray

humidifier and acidic gas reaction. Fluidized absorbent has large reaction area with

smoke, water spray inside of the tower increases the activity of absorbent, effectively

increasing the reaction rate of absorbent and the acidic gas within the tower and

enhancing the absorption effect. The smoke with a large amount of saccharoid enters

into the downstream bag filter from reaction tower and some lime without reaction is

attached to filter bag and react again with the acidic gas that goes through the filter

bag, thus to further promote the removal rate.

The semi-dry purification technology has high rate of SO2 removal, that of HC1

can reach over 90%, and that of heavy metal can reach over 99% (except mercury),

with little drag usage, without waste water. And its disadvantages include the decrease

of gas temperature, generating white smoke.

(3) Wet Purification

This technology is widely used in some countries with developed economy and

technology, and the typical technology is the combination of wet scrubber tower and

bag filter. Wet scrubber tower can obtain optimum efficiency to the control of SO2


185

and HC1, with the absorption efficiency controlled by the seep of acidic gas spread to

alkaline absorption droplet. In case of design, it is required to increase the contact area

and time of gas and liquid, and increase the density of absorbent in rising droplet.

The alkaline liquor used in wet scrubber tower is usually NaOH solution and

lime Ca (OH) 2 solution. Since slaked lime is cheap, slaked lime solution is dominated.

Slaked lime solution reacts with acidic gas and forms calcium salt and its washing

water shall be clarified, concentrated and filtered, so as to prevent the deposit in

equipment.

The great advantage of wet purification technology is the high acid removal rate,

which is proved by foreign actual performance: its removal rate of HC1 can reach

over 95% and that of SO2 can reach over 80%, it also has high removal rate to organic

pollutant and heavy metal. Its disadvantage is that it generates waste water with high

concentration of organic chlorine salt and heavy metal which can only be discharged

after reaching standard through treatment, with high equipment investment and

operation fees.

(4) Activated Carbon Injection

To ensure the emission of heavy metal (especially Hg) and organic toxicant

(dioxin and furan) reach the lowest standard, some foreign companies gradually apply

activated carbon spray absorption as the auxiliary measure of gas purification.

Activated carbon has great specific surface area, which has strong absorption

ability to heavy metal and dioxin. Normally, activated carbon spray is used together

with bag filter and activated carbon nozzle is placed at the inlet end of bag filter

(forward as much as possible), thus activated carbon can strongly mix with smoke and

absorb certain quantity pollutants. Although it doesn’t reach saturation, it can be

attached to the filter bag of bag filter and contact again with smoke, so as to increase

the absorption and purification to pollutants and make it discharge at a lower

concentration.

(5) NOx Purification

The aforementioned technologies has higher removal rate to acidic gas, organic

matters and heavy metal, but not to NOx. Due to the limitations of furnace low

nitrogen combustion technology, although applying improved combustion technology

can reach certain NOx control effect, it is required to implement denitration treatment


186

to combustion smoke to further reduce the emission of NOx.

The popular denitration technology for smoke can mainly divided into dry

method, semi-dry method and wet method. Dry method includes selective

noncatalytic reduction method (SNCR), selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and

electron beam joint desulfurization denitration method; semi-dry method includes

activated carbon joint desulfurization denitration method; wet method includes ozone

oxidation absorption method.

At present, dry denitration is widely. Dry SNCR is to spray reductive agent into

the second combustion area of garbage incinerator to reduce nitrogen oxide, while

SCR is to reduce nitrogen oxide into N2 through catalyst. Under the function of

catalyst, the reaction can be finished under 400℃. Considering from technical feasible,

economic feasible, the existing Phase engineering and Phase engineering apply the

garbage incinerator smoke denitration technology of Petro Miljö company from

Sweden, to finish SNCR denitration technical reconstruction to the existing 5

incinerators by using ammonia water as reluctant. At present, the denitration system

operates stably with the average NOx value controlled under 200mg/m3.

See Table 6.2-5 for the typical technology comparison of smoke purification.

Table 6.2-5 Typical Technology Comparison of Smoke Purification

Item Compared Dry absorption + Bag

filter

Semi-dry absorption +

Bag filter

Wet absorption + Bag

filter

Emission

concentration of

SO2

<300 <200 <60

Emission

concentration of

HCl

<80 <30 <30

Emission

concentration of

particulate matter

<30 <10 <10

Removal rate of

heavy metal and

organic toxicant

Higher High High

Output of fly ash More Normal Less


187

Output of sludge

and waste water None None More

Engineering

investment Lower Normal High

Operational cost Higher Normal High

After the completion of Phase expansion engineering, through “bring the old

by the new” measure, the smoke purification system of the factory applies SNCR

denitration + semi-dry neutralization tower + dry deacidification + activated carbon

absorption + bag filter, absorb dioxins and heavy metal after denitration and

deacidification, discharge to air after final dedusting. According to the acceptance of

current engineering, results of the routine monitoring data and designed data analysis,

applying the aforementioned smoke treatment methods can ensure all pollutants in

incineration smoke stable and standard discharge.

6.2.5 Automatic Control Level

This project applies international advanced DCS automatic control system and

uses color LCD/keyboard as main monitoring and control method in centralized

control room to realize the monitoring and control of the whole garbage power station,

including three garbage incinerators, two steam turbine generator units and various

auxiliary system and auxiliary equipment, thus to finish data collection (DAS), analog

control (MCS), sequential control (SCS) and chain safeguard.

6.2.6 Energy and Resource Utilization

After the project is completed and put into operation, the daily treatment capacity

of domestic waste is 1980t/a and the annual treatment quantity is 659,300 ton/year. It

not only reduces garbage capacity effectively and save the area of garbage landfill site,

but implements recovery and comprehensive utilization to the waste heat of garbage.

Thus it can be seen that applying domestic waste incineration Waste-to-Energy

has significant benefit to the recovery and utilization of energy.

6.2.7 Pollutant Emission Level

According to the operation monitoring data of current engineering and the


188

requirements of technology design for this expansion engineering during the

development process of the enterprise, the emission concentration of the incinerator

waste gas pollutant of this engineering is designed in accordance with EU 2000

Standard. Compared domestic, international and EU standards, it can meet the control

level required in China and the emission of pollutants of this project can reach

domestic advanced level. See Table 6.2-6 for the control level of the emission

concentration of engineering incinerator pollutants.

Table 6.2-6 Control Limit Value for Domestic Waste Incineration Smoke and

Designed Indicators for Pollutant Emission

Item The project National Standard EU 92 EU 2000

Dust ≤30 80 50 10

HCl ≤10 75 50 10

HF ≤1 / 2 1

CO ≤150 150 100 50

SO2 ≤260 260 300 50

NOX ≤400 400 / 200

Cd ≤0.1 0.1 0.1 0.05

Hg ≤0.2 0.2 0.1 0.05

Pb ≤1.6 1.6 / 0.5

Dioxin ngTEQ/m3

≤0.1 1.0 0.1 0.1

Smoke blackness ≤1 1

Clinker ignition losses (%) ≤2% 5.0

While establishing expansion engineering, it is required to take the measure of

“bring the old by the new” to further reduce the emission quantity of gas, such as dust

and HCl.

6.2.8 Environment Management Level

This project sets smoke continuous monitoring system whose online data can be

accessed to by relevant government departments through the reserved communication

interface, online monitoring management.


189

6.2.9 Water Saving Measures

Upgrading reconstruction is implemented to leachate treatment station, which

can not only reduce the emission of waste water pollutant, but also increase the

recovery rate of recycled water, reduce the consumption of fresh water, thus to realize

recycling utilization.

The usage of circulating water of this project is 4,500m3/h, that of fresh water is

1,779m3/d, and the total amount of recycle water is 880m

3/d. Through calculation, the

recycling utilization rate of water of this project is 98.4%, and the repeated utilization

rate of this project is 99.2%.

6.2.10 Comparison of Cleaner Production Indicators

See 6.2-7 for the comparison of cleaner production indicators of energy

consumption and water consumption of phase engineering and current

engineering. As is shown in the table, the indicators of phase engineering cleaner

production has increased than that of current engineering by certain degree.

Table 6.2-7 Comparison of Cleaner Production Level Indicators

Domestic unit

Project indicator

Current phase

engineering

Current phase

engineering

phase

expansion

engineering

Production

technical

indicator

Design capacity

(t/d) 350×3 500×2 500×3

Incinerator

model

Mechanical

incinerator stoker

Mechanical

incinerator stoker

Mechanical

incinerator stoker

Thermal value

of the feed-in

garbage

(kcal/kg)

1,200~1,300 1,200~1,300 1,200~1,300

Electric energy

production per

ton of garbage

(kwh/t)

330 350 390

Material

consumption

Lime

consumption

(kg/t garbage)

12.35 12.35 15.75


190

Consumption of

activated carbon

(kg/t garbage)

0.32 0.32 0.516

Emission

indicator of

pollutants

Dioxin (TEQ

ng/m3)

<0.079 (Average) <0.079 (Average) 0.05 (Average)

Dust (mg/m3) 4.07~20.0 4.07~20.0 <10

SO2 mg/m3

10.5 (Average) 10.5 (Average) <10

NOX mg/m3

<171 <171 <180

HCl mg/m3

6.5 (Average) 6.5 (Average) <5.1 (Average)

CO mg/m3

<37.5 <37.5 <50

Water

consumption

Recycling

utilization rate 82 82 98.4

Repeated

utilization rate 82.7 82.7 99.2

Energy

consumption

Electricity

(10,000 kwh/a) 1,984.9 2,433.2 3,548.3

Tap water

(10,000 m3/a)

68.5 75.8 54.4

Compressed air

(m3/a)

1,070.4 1,070.4 912

Diesel oil (t/a) 120 120 150

6.2.11 Conclusion

Stage expansion engineering applies mechanical stoker incinerator to

dispose domestic waste with high coefficiency of equipment safety, low cost of

equipment manufacturing and operation; Operation realizes fully mechanization and

automatization; strong adaptability to domestic waste, it reaches domestic advanced

level on energy consumption and pollutant control and emission. While establishing

expansion engineering, it is required to take the measure of “bring the old by the new”

to further reduce the emission quantity of gas, such as dust and HCl, thus to increase

the recovery rate of recycled water, reduce the consumption of fresh water, thus to

realize recycling utilization.

6.3 Recycling Economy

This project incinerates domestic waste and use the waste heat of incineration to


191

generate electricity. The project that makes wastes resource recovery realizes

recycling economy.

Pollution at different degrees are brought to surrounding environment and

groundwater caused by the sewage, methane and offensive odor naturally generated in

landfill site and occupation of large amount of land. To properly solve the impacts of

domestic waste on ecological environment and develop recycling economy, the end

treatment method dominated by incineration and supplemented by sanitary landfill is

mainly applied to domestic waste, changing the traditional treatment method of direct

landfill for primary domestic waste. The advantages of incineration treatment include

greatly reducing garbage volume and weight, with the ash residue after incineration

can be used comprehensively; fast speed of garbage treatment without long-term

storage; the energy can be recovered to used in Waste-to-Energy and heat supply;

through reasonably organize incineration process and comprehensive optimum design

of incinerator system, the secondary pollution can be lowered to the lowest degree,

thus to reach the emission indicator.

According to statistics, 97% of urban garbage in China cannot be disposed at

present, which can only be piled or landfilled. The losses of cities in China caused by

garbage are between RMB 25 billion and RMB 30 billion each year. In case they are

recovered, an output over RMB 250 billion can be created. As early as the middle of

the last century, developed countries in Europe and America had begun to research

Waste-to-Energy by garbage and harmless treatment, which are gradually put into

commercial operation between 1960s and 1970s under the substantial support and

promotion of governments. Nowadays, countries in Europe and America have

populated and promoted Waste-to-Energy by garbage, for instance, German has 78

plants and America has nearly 400 plants. Due to the shortage of land resource, Japan

spare no efforts to promote Waste-to-Energy by garbage and the incineration rate has

reached 73%, ranking the first place all over the world.

At present, the treatment of domestic waste shall stick to the principle of

“reduction, resource recovery and harmless”, reduction is the inevitable requirement

for garbage treatment and resource recovery is the development direction of garbage

treatment.

This project adapts to the trend of industrialization of garbage treatment, use the

waste heat yielded from garbage incineration to generate electricity, and realize

reduction (over 85%), resource recovery (annual export electricity of 156 million kwh,


192

comprehensive utilization of ash residue) and harmless (solidification landfill of fly

ash) of domestic waste.

7 Investigation on Regional Pollution Sources and

Investigation and Evaluation of Present

Environmental Quality Condition

7.1 Investigation on Regional Pollution Sources

7.1.1 Investigation and Evaluation of Ambient Pollution Source

According to the emission declaration statistic data of enterprises within the

scope of evaluation, see Table 7.1-1 for the emission condition of each enterprise, in

which, the standard value of SO2, dust and NOX is 0.5mg/m3, 0.45mg/m

3, 0.24mg/m

3

respectively.

Table 7.1-1 Investigation on Present Condition of Ambient Pollution Sources

(unit: t/a)

Item

Enterprise Name Coal SO2 Soot NOX

Suzhou Wuzhong Fengye Adhesive Factory 36 0.576 0.27 0.274

Suzhou Peacock Food Additive Co., Ltd. 180 2.88 0.135 1.368

Suzhou Changlin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. 480 7.68 3.6 3.648

Suzhou Fuda Chemical Fiber Printing & Dyeing Co., Ltd. 1,500 24 11.25 11.4

Suzhou Wuzhong Chuanmu Chemical Co., Ltd. 70 1.12 0.525 0.532

Specialty Chemicals (Suzhou) Inc. 218.55 6 0.318 0.335

SANYO Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. 1,046.126 14.36 1.52216 1.67

Total 3,530.676 56.616 17.62016 19.227

Evaluation Method

Adopt equiscalar pollution load method and pollution load ratio method for

comparison.

The equiscalar pollution load of a certain pollutant in the waste gas: iP

iii CQP 0/

Where, iC0 refers to the evaluation criterion of pollutants (mg/m3)

iQ Refers to the absolute emission of pollutants (t/a).


193

The equiscalar pollution load of a certain pollution source (factory): nP

jiPiPnj

i

.......3,2,11

The total equiscalar pollution load within the evaluation area: P

knPnPk

n

.....3,2,11

The pollution load ratio of a certain pollutant in the pollution source or

evaluation area: Ki

%100Pn

PiKi

The pollution load ratio of a certain pollution source within the evaluation area:

Kn

%100P

PnKn

Evaluation Result

See Table 7.1-2 for the evaluation results of air pollution sources which are

calculated based on the equiscalar pollution load method:

Table 7.1-2 Equiscalar Pollution Load and Equiscalar Pollution Load Ratio

Item

Enterprise Name

P (SO2)

109m

3/a

P (Flue

dust)

109m

3/a

P (NOX)

109m

3/a

ΣPn

109m

3/a

Kn

%

Suzhou Wuzhong Fengye Adhesive Factory 1.2 0.3 1.1 2.6 2

Suzhou Peacock Food Additive Co., Ltd. 5.8 0.2 5.7 11.6 6

Suzhou Changlin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. 15.4 4.0 15.2 34.6 16

Suzhou Fuda Chemical Fiber Printing &

Dyeing Co., Ltd. 48.0 12.5 47.5 108.0 50

Suzhou Wuzhong Chuanmu Chemical Co., Ltd. 2.2 0.6 2.2 5.0 2.3

Specialty Chemicals (Suzhou) Inc. 12.0 0.4 1.4 13.7 6.4

SANYO Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. 28.7 1.7 7.0 37.4 17

ΣPi(109m

3/a) 113.3 19.7 80.1 212.9 100

Ki(%) 38.5 13.9 43.1 100

We can conclude from the table above that within the evaluation area the main

air pollution type is coal-fired flue gas pollution, the main air pollution enterprises are

SANYO Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. and Suzhou Fuda Chemical Fiber Printing &

Dyeing Co., Ltd., and the main pollutants are SO2 and NOX with the equiscalar load

ratio of 50% and 17% respectively.


194

7.1.2 Investigation and Evaluation on Water Pollution Source

See Table 7.1-3 for the emission statistic data of the sewage disposal plants

within the evaluation area. It can be seen that the emissions of the sewage disposal

plants within the evaluation area are large and the sewage emissions account for

70.3% of the statistic data.

Table 7.1-3 Emission Data of Water Pollution Sources Within the Evaluation

Area (unit: t/a)

Item

Enterprise Name

Sewage

10,000 t/a COD Ammonia nitrogen

Total

phosphorus

Suzhou Wuzhong Suxin Water

Disposal Co., Ltd. 45 45 6.75 0.225

Suzhou Wuzhong Mudu Sewage

Disposal Plant 730 438 109.5 3.65

Suzhou Wuzhong Xukou Sewage

Disposal Plant 150 90 22.5 0.75

Suzhou New District Sewage

Disposal Plant 2,190 1,095 109.5 10.95

Total 3,115 1,668 248.25 15.575

Adopt equiscalar pollution load method and pollution load ratio method for

comparison.

The equiscalar pollution load of a certain pollutant in sewage: iP

iii CQP 0/

Where, iC0 refers to the evaluation criterion of pollutants (mg/L);

iQ Refers to the absolute emission of pollutant (t/a).

The equiscalar pollution load of a certain pollution source (factory): nP

jiPiPnj

i

.......3,2,11

The total equiscalar pollution load within the evaluation area: P

knPnPk

n

.....3,2,11

The pollution load ratio of a certain pollutant in the pollution source or

evaluation area: Ki

%100Pn

PiKi


195

The pollution load ratio of a certain pollution source within the evaluation area:

Kn

%100P

PnKn

Evaluation Result

See Table 7.1-4 for the evaluation results of sewage pollution sources which are

calculated with the esquiscalar pollution load method based on the above pollutant

emissions of pollution sources. And the standard values of COD, ammonia nitrogen

and total phosphorus are 20mg/L, 1.0mg/L and 0.2mg/L respectively.

Of all the pollution sources, the esquiscalar emission of Suzhou New District is the

biggest, accounting for 53.5%. Of all the pollution factors, the esquiscalar emission of

ammonia nitrogen is the biggest, accounting for 60.6%.

Table 7.1.4 Evaluation Results of Pollution Sources

Item

Enterprise Name

PCOD

106m

3/a

PAmmonia

nitrogen

106m

3/a

PTotal

phosphorus

106m

3/a

ΣPn

106m

3/a

Kn

%

Suzhou Wuzhong Suxin Water Disposal Co.,

Ltd. 2.25 6.75 1.125 10.125 2.5

Suzhou Wuzhong Mudu Sewage Disposal

Plant 21.9 109.5 18.25 149.65 36.5

Suzhou Wuzhong Xukou Sewage Disposal

Plant 4.5 22.5 3.75 30.75 7.5

Suzhou New District Sewage Disposal Plant 54.75 109.5 54.75 219 53.5

ΣPi(106m

3/a)

83.4 248.25 77.875 409.525

Ki(%) 20.4 60.6 19.0

7.2 Investigation on Present Environmental Quality Condition

7.2.1 Monitoring and Evaluation of Present Ambient Air Quality

Condition

(1) Setting of Monitoring Points

Based on the scope of evaluation area and the all-year predominant wind

direction, and in consideration of factors of this project such as the emission condition

of atmospheric pollutants and protected objects, 6 ambient air quality monitoring

points are set totally.

The average predominant wind direction in winter in past few years is ENE; see


196

Table 7.2-1 and Fig.1.7-1 for the details of atmospheric monitoring points.

Table 7.2-1 Position of Air Monitoring Points

S/N Monitoring Point Dire

ction

Distance

(m) Monitoring Items Remarks

G1 Shangfang

Mountain SE 1,600

PM10, SO2, NO2, HCl, CO,

Fluoride, Cd, Hg, Pb, H2S, NH3

Actual

Measurement

G2 Qizi Lot, Gusu

Village NNE 1,200

CO, Cd, Hg, Pb , SO2, NO2,

PM10, NH3, H2S, Fluoride, HCl

Actual

Measurement

for CO, Cd,

Hg and Pb;

Citation for

other items

G3 Fenghuang Lot SW 1,100 PM10, SO2, NO2, HCl, CO,


Actual

Measurement

G4 Former Lita

Village NW 600



Actual

Measurement

G5 Former Tiangou

Village NW 1,350



Actual

Measurement

G6 Mudu Town

(Guzhen District) NW 3,000



Actual

Measurement

(2) Monitoring Time and Frequency

Monitoring time: From April 20, 2011 to April 27, 2011; the monitoring factors

include PM10, SO2, NO2, HCl, CO, Fluoride, Cd, Hg, Pb, H2S and NH3. For the

hourly concentration of SO2, NO2, CO, HCl, H2S and NH3, sample for 7 days and 4

times each day; for the average daily concentration of SO2, NO2 and CO, sample for 7

days and 18 hours each day; for the average daily concentration of PM10, sample for 7

days and 12 hours each day; for the average daily concentration of Fluoride, sample 7

days and 12 hours each day; for the average daily concentration of Cd, Hg and Pb,

sample 7 days and 4 times each day. Refer to Environmental Evaluation Data (the

New Xujiang City in this report is the Qizi Lot in this report) of Expansion Project of

Everbright Environmental Protection (Suzhou) Solid Waste Disposal Co., Ltd. for the

data (SO2, NO2, PM10, NH3, H2S, Fluoride, HCl) of Qizi Lot, Gusu Village, the

monitoring time is from April 11 to April 17, 2011.

The monitoring frequency shall follow the national standards.

(3) Sampling and Analysis Method: According to the relevant provisions and

requirements of Environmental Monitoring Technical Norms, Monitoring and

Analysis Methods for Air and Waste Gas and National Ambient Air Quality Standard

issued by State Environmental Protection Administration.

(4) Evaluation on the Monitoring Results: Adopt single factor index method. The


197

formula is as follows:

jijij SCI /

Where, ijI refers to the single factor quality index of j pollutant at the point of i;

ijC Refers to the actually measured average daily concentration value of j

pollutant at the point of i (mg/m3);

jS Refers to the standard average daily concentration (or reference standard)

value of j pollutant at the point of i (mg/m3).

See Table 7.2-2 for the meteorological parameters during the monitoring period.

Table 7.2-2 Meteorological Parameters during the Monitoring Period

Date Time Temperature

(K)

Atmospheric

Pressure

(kPa)

Relative

Humidity (%)

Wind

Direction

Wind Speed

(m/s)

2011/4/20

1st

Time 287 101.3 75 East Wind 3.1

2nd

Time 289 101.3 73 East Wind 2.7

3rd

Time 292 101.3 68 East Wind 2.6

4th

Time 294 101.3 66 East Wind 2.7

2011/4/22

1st

Time 291 102.1 63 E-S Wind 2.4

2nd

Time 293 102.1 62 E-S Wind 2.7

3rd

Time 296 102.1 58 E-S Wind 2.7

4th

Time 297 102.1 51 E-S Wind 2.7

2011/4/23

1st

Time 293 102.1 68 E-S Wind 2.3

2nd

Time 295 102.1 63 E-S Wind 2.6

3rd

Time 297 102.1 61 E-S Wind 2.5

4th

Time 298 102.1 58 E-S Wind 2.3

2011/4/24

1st

Time 294 102.2 67 E-S Wind 2.8

2nd

Time 296 102.2 61 E-S Wind 2.8

3rd

Time 298 102.2 57 E-S Wind 2.7

4th

Time 301 102.2 47 E-S Wind 3.1

2011/4/25

1st

Time 291 102.1 47 E-S Wind 2.9

2nd

Time 295 102.1 38 E-S Wind 3.1

3rd

Time 297 102.1 35 E-S Wind 2.7

4th

Time 298 102.1 31 E-S Wind 2.3

2011/4/26

1st

Time 298 102.3 38 W-S Wind 2.8

2nd

Time 301 102.3 29 W-S Wind 2.9

3rd

Time 302 102.3 25 W-S Wind 3.2

4th

Time 302 102.3 23 W-S Wind 3.3

2011/4/27

1st

Time 289 102.1 75 E-S Wind 2.4

2nd

Time 293 102.1 63 E-S Wind 2.7

3rd

Time 294 102.1 57 E-S Wind 2.8

4th

Time 296 102.1 51 E-S Wind 2.7


198

Table 7.2-3 The Monitoring Results of Present Ambient Air Quality Condition within the Evaluation Area

Item Monitoring Point

Hourly Average Value Average Daily Value Maximum

Pollution

Index Concentration Range

(mg/m3)

Over-standard

Rate (%)

Maximum

Over-standard

Multiple

Concentration

Range (mg/m3)

Over-standard

Rate (%)

Maximum

Over-standard

Multiple

SO2

Shangfang Mountain 0.02~0.061 / / 0.026~0.046 / / 0.31

Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.01~0.07 / / 0.022~0.054 / / 0.36

Fenghuang Lot 0.023~0.061 / / 0.025~0.040 / / 0.27

Former Lita Village 0.015~0.055 / / 0.020~0.050 / / 0.33

Fomer Tiangou Village 0.022~0.059 / / 0.020~0.041 / / 0.27

Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.023~0.061 / / 0.024~0.073 / / 0.49

NO2

Shangfang Mountain 0.017~0.078 / / 0.040~0.061 / / 0.51

Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.009~0.086 / / 0.022~0.061 / / 0.51

Fenghuang Lot 0.016~0.071 / / 0.019~0.089 / / 0.74

Former Lita Village 0.020~0.069 / / 0.011~0.057 / / 0.48

Former Tiangou Village 0.015~0.077 / / 0.030~0.058 / / 0.48

Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.045~0.071 / / 0.043~0.083 / / 0.69

PM10

Shangfang Mountain / / / 0.11~0.13 / / 0.87

Qizi Lot, Gusu Village / / / 0.098~0.13 / / 0.87

Fenghuang Lot / / / 0.11~0.13 / / 0.87

Former Lita Village / / / 0.11~0.13 / / 0.87

Former Tiangou Village / / / 0.11~0.13 / / 0.87

Mudu Town (Guzhen District) / / / 0.11~0.13 / / 0.87

H2S

Shangfang Mountain 0.001~0.004 / / / / / 0.40

Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.002~0.007 / / / / / 0.50

Fenghuang Lot 0.001~0.005 / / / / / 0.50

Former Lita Village 0.002~0.005 / / / / / 0.60

Former Tiangou Village 0.002~0.006 / / / / / 0.60

Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.002~0.005 / / / / / 0.50

HCl Shangfang Mountain 0.017~0.044 / / / / / 0.88

Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.003L~0.054 3.6 1.08 / / / 1.08


199



Pollution


(mg/m3)

Over-standard

Rate (%)

Maximum

Over-standard

Multiple

Concentration

Range (mg/m3)

Over-standard

Rate (%)

Maximum

Over-standard

Multiple

Fenghuang Lot 0.020~0.047 / / / / / 0.94

Former Lita Village 0.018~0.050 3.6 1 / / / 1.00



NH3


Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.03L~0.04 / / / / / /

Fenghuang Lot 0.01L~0.1 / / / / / 0.50

Former Lita Village 0.01L~0.08 / / / / / 0.40

Former Tiangou Village 0.01L~0.11 / / / / / 0.55

Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.01L~0.11 / / / / / 0.55

Fluoride

(μg/m3)

Shangfang Mountain 0.9L / / / / / /

Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.9L~4.38 / / / / / 0.22

Fenghuang Lot 0.9L / / / / / /

Former Lita Village 0.9L / / / / / /

Former Tiangou Village 0.9L / / / / / /

Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.9L / / / / / /

CO

Shangfang Mountain 1~2.5 / / / / / 0.25


Fenghuang Lot 1.1~3.3 / / / / / 0.33




Hg(μg/m

3)

Shangfang Mountain 0.003L / / / / / /

Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.003L / / / / / /

Fenghuang Lot 0.003L / / / / / /

Former Lita Village 0.003L / / / / / /

Former Tiangou Village 0.003L / / / / / /


200



Pollution


(mg/m3)

Over-standard

Rate (%)

Maximum

Over-standard

Multiple

Concentration

Range (mg/m3)

Over-standard

Rate (%)

Maximum

Over-standard

Multiple

Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.003L / / / / / /

Pb

Shangfang Mountain 0.0001L~0.001 / / / / / 0.093

Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.0001L~0.001 / / / / / 0.093

Fenghuang Lot 0.0001L~0.001 / / / / / 0.093

Former Lita Village 0.0001L~0.001 / / / / / 0.093

Former Tiangou Village 0.0001L~0.001 / / / / / 0.093

Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.0001L~0.001 / / / / / 0.093

Cd



Fenghuang Lot 0.0003~0.0009 / / / / / 0.09




*note: Undetected value is indicated as “detection limit L”.


201

From the table above, it can be seen that the hourly concentration of SO2, NO2,

H2S, CO and NH3 of all monitoring points can meet the level II standard of Ambient

Air Quality Standard, and the average daily concentration of PM10, SO2, NO2, CO and

Fluoride can meet and higher than the level II standard of Ambient Air Quality

Standard, but the concentration of Hg and Fluoride is undetected. At Qizi Lot, Gusu

Village and Former Lita Village, there is a over-standard (the standard limit value is

0.05mg/m3) of the hourly concentration of HCl respectively, with the over-standard

rate of 3.6%. Through investigation, around the monitoring area are Suzhou Wusheng

Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Chunhua Wiredrawing Co., Ltd., etc., which are enterprises

discharging HCL. According to the Phase II Project Environmental Evaluation Report,

there being over-standard of HCl emission in Mudu Town and Gusu Village within

the evaluation area before the construction of Phase II Project, and the monitoring

result of this time is better than that in 2007. In consideration that the Everbright

Phase III Expansion Project would help to reduce the HCl emissions, so that the

ambient concentration of HCL would be further decreased.

7.2.2 Investigation and Evaluation of Present Surface Water

Environment Quality Condition

7.2.2.1 Monitoring on Present Surface Water Condition

(1) Monitoring Arrangement: Based on the characteristics of river network

within the area as well as the pollutant-contained water bodies, four

monitoring sections are arranged totally. See Table 7.2-4 and Fig.2.1-2

for their specific positions.

Table 7.2-4 Arrangement of Monitoring Sections of Surface Water

Environment

River Section Position of Monitoring Points Monitoring Item Remarks

Jiangnan

Canal

W1

500m at the upstream of sewage

outlet of New District Sewage

Plant

Sulphide, Fluoride,

volatile phenol

Actual

Measurement

W2

500m at the downstream of

sewage outlet of New District

Sewage Plant

pH, SS, chroma,

permanganate index,

CODCr, BOD5, total

nitrogen, ammonia

nitrogen, total phosphorus,

petroleum, sulphide,


202

Fluoride, THg, total

chromium, total nickel,

volatile phenol

W3

3500m at the downstream of

sewage outlet of New District

Sewage Plant Sulphide, fluoride, volatile

phenol Xujiang

River W4

100m at the upstream of the

interaction between Canal and

Xujiang River

(2) Monitoring Items: pH, SS, chroma, permanganate index, CODCr, BOD5,

total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, petroleum, sulphide, Fluoride, THg,

total chromium, total nickel, volatile phenol.

(3) Monitoring Time and Frequency: From April 22 to April 24 2011.

Frequency: sample and monitor for three consecutive days and once each day.

(4) Monitoring and Analyzing Methods: According to the provisions and

requirements of the Environmental Monitoring Technical Norms and Standard

Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater issued by State Environmental

Protection Administration.

(5) Evaluation on Present Surface water Environmental Quality Condition

Evaluation Method: Adopt single factor pollution index method;

Calculation method of over-standard rate:

= the number of over-standard×100%/the total number of measurement

The single factor pollution index shall be calculated with the following formula:

ii SCP /

Where, iC refers to the actually measured concentration value of the ith

pollutant; iS refers to the standard value of the ith

evaluation factor. The pollution

index of PH shall, according to the Guidelines, be calculated as follows

The standard index of pH is:

Sd

j

jpHpH

pHS

0.7

0.7, jpH ≤7.0

0.7

0.7,

Su

j

jpHpH

pHS jpH >7.0

Where, SpHj: the standard index of water quality parameter pH at the point of j;

pHj: the pH value at the point of j;

pHsu: the pH upper limit specified in surface water quality standard;


203

pHsd: the pH lower limit specified in surface water quality standard;

SDOj: the standard indexes of water quality parameter DO at the point

of j;

DOf: the saturation value of dissolved oxygen at this temperature

(mg/L);

DOj: the actual dissolved oxygen value (mg/L);

DOs: the standard dissolved oxygen value (mg/L);

Tj: the temperature at the point of j (℃).

7.2.2.2 Evaluation on the Monitoring Result of Present Surface

Water Environment Condition

See Table 7.2-5 for the quality statistics and evaluation result of surface water

environment. From Table 7.2-5 it can be seen that the sulphide and violate phenol at

W1, W3 and W4 sections can meet the corresponding standard, the ammonia nitrogen,

total nitrogen, total phosphorus and SS at W2 section are over-standard, and all the

other monitoring factors can meet the IV water quality standard of Environmental

Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002). In Taihu Basin, the

over-standard of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus is commonly

seen, and Suzhou Municipal Government has already prepared Regulation Plan for

Taihu Basin, which also put forth regulation plan and requirements for Suzhou section

of Jiangnan Canal: do well in sewage interception, desilting and water distribution of

Canal; make control of the total emissions of pollutants in this Basin; regulate

pollution sources in villages; transform waste disposal plants and raise their standards.

Through the above regulation measures, the water quality of Canal has been improved

gradually.


204

Table 7.2-5 Quality Monitoring Data Statistics and Evaluation of Surface Water Environment (unit: mg/L, ℃) pH (dimensionless)

Monitoring Section Monitoring Item Fluoride pH Sulphide COD Ammonia Nitrogen SS Permanganate Index Total Phosphorus Volatile Phenol Total Chromium Total Mercury Petroleum Total Nitrogen Nickel Chroma BOD

W1

Maximum Value 0.97 / 0.005L / / / / / 0.0022 / / / / / / /

Minimum Value 0.90 / 0.005L / / / / / 0.0014 / / / / / / /

Average Concentration 0.94 / / / / / / / 0.0017 / / / / / / /

Maximum Single Factor

Index 0.004 / / / / / / / 0.22 / / / / / / /

Over-standard Rate (%) / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

W2

Maximum Value 1.00 7.60 0.005 19.3 2.56 344 3.8 0.52 0.0026 0.059 0.00018 0.14 5.69 0.002L 64 2.5

Minimum Value 0.80 7.50 0.005L 13.3 1.90 210 3.4 0.18 0.0018 0.003L 0.00014 0.05 4.98 0.002L 8 2.0L

Average Concentration 0.92 / / 16.8 2.26 300 3.6 0.37 0.0023 / 0.00017 0.12 5.30 / 41 /


Index 0.004 0.3 0.1 0.64 1.71 5.73 0.38 1.73 0.26 / 0.18 0.28 3.79 / / 0.42

Over-standard Rate (%) / / / / 100 100 / 66.7 / / / / 100 / / /

W3

Maximum Value 1.00 / 0.005L / / / / / 0.0022 / / / / / / /

Minimum Value 0.84 / 0.005L / / / / / 0.0014 / / / / / / /



Index 0.004 / / / / / / / 0.17 / / / / / / /


Standard Value Level IV 250 6~9 0.5 30 1.5 60 10 0.3 0.01 0.05 0.001 0.5 1.5 / / 6

W4

Maximum Value 0.88 / 0.006 / / / / / 0.0021 / / / / / / /

Minimum Value 1.02 / 0.005L / / / / / 0.0012 / / / / / / /



Index 0.004 / 0.03 / / / / / 0.42 / / / / / / /


Standard Value LevelIII 250 6~9 0.2 20 1.0 30 6 0.2 0.005 0.05 0.0001 0.05 1.0 / / 4

*Note: Undetected value is indicated as “detection limit L”.


205

7.2.3 Evaluation on Present Acoustical Environment Quality

Condition

(1) Arrangement of Monitoring Points: Arrange 7 monitoring points at the

boundary of factory and 1 monitoring point at office and living area. See Fig 4.3-1 for

details.

(2) Monitoring item: equivalent sound level A.

(3) Monitoring time and frequency:

Monitoring time and frequency: two days from April 21to April 22, 2011, once

respectively in daytime and nighttime.

(4) Monitoring and analyzing method: According to the relevant provisions and

requirements of Environmental Monitoring Technical Norms issued by State

Environmental Protection Administration

(5) Evaluation on Monitoring Results: Evaluate them by comparing with

Environmental Noise Standard for Urban District.

See Table 7.2-6 for monitoring results.

Table 7.2-6 Environmental Noise Monitoring Results Unit: dB (A)

Monitoring

Position

Monitoring

Position Daytime Nighttime

N1 In the north of

east boundary 53 55 43 44

N2 In the south of

east boundary 57 56 46 42

N3 In the east of

south boundary 56 56 43 44

N4 In the west of

south boundary 55 57 42 46

N5 In the south of

west boundary 58 57 47 44

N6 In the north of

west boundary 55 55 43 42

N7 In the west of

north boundary 58 58 43 46

N8 The living area in

the factory 56 58 43 47

Standard Value 65 55

Results All meet the

standard

All meet the

standard

All meet the

standard

All meet the

standard

The monitoring results indicate that the acoustical environment quality around

the proposed factory is good. The noise level of all monitoring points in both daytime


206

and nighttime can all meet the level III standard of Environmental Quality Standard

for Noise (GB3096－2008).

7.2.4 Monitoring and Evaluation of Present Ground Water Condition

(1) Arrangement of monitoring points: Arrange one monitoring points

respectively at project site, the boundary of hazardous waste landfill yard and Qizi Lot,

see Fig.1.7-1 for details. The monitoring point of hazardous waste landfill yard is at

the upstream, and that of Qizi Lot is at the downstream.

(2) Monitoring Items: pH, permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen, Cr6+

, Cd, Hg,

Pb, nitrite nitrogen, Fluoride, total hardness.

(3) Monitoring frequency: Actual measurement for project site, with the

monitoring time of April 25, 2011, once totally. Refer to Environmental Evaluation

Data of Extension Project of Everbright Environmental Protection (Suzhou) Solid

Waste Disposal Co., Ltd. for the data of Qizi Lot, Gusu Village, with the monitoring

time of from April 11 to April 12, 2011.

(4) Monitoring and analyzing method: According to the provisions and

requirements of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater

issued by State Environmental Protection Administration.

(5) Evaluation method: by comparing with Level III standard of Quality

Standard for Ground Water (GB/T14848—93).

(6) Monitoring and evaluation result: See Table 7.2-7 for the monitoring and

evaluation result of ground water

Table 7.2-7 Monitoring Results of Ground Water Quality and Evaluation

List Unit: mg/L

Monitorin

g Position

Monitoring

Date pH

Permanganat

e Index Cr

6+

Total

Mercury Cd

D1:

Project

Site

2011.4.25 7.12 1.6 0.004L 0.00015 0.001L

D2: The

boundary

of

hazardous

waste

landfill

yard

2011.4.11~4.1

2 7.69~8.16 1.6~2.8 0.004L

0.00001L

~

0.00008

0.0002L~

0.0045


207

D3: Qizi

Lot

2011.4.11~4.1

2 7.61~7.66 1.4~1.6 0.004L 0.00002 0.002L

Standard Value 6.5-8.5 3.0 0.05 0.001 0.01

Result Meet the

standard

Meet the

standard

Meet the

standard

Meet the

standard

Meet the

standard

Monitorin

g Position

Monitoring

Date Pb

Nitrite

Nitrogen Fluoride

Total

Hardness

Ammonia

Nitrogen

D1:

Project

site

2011.4.25 0.01L 0.003L 0.49 104 /

D2: The

boundary

of

hazardous

waste

landfill

yard

2011.4.11~4.1

2

0.004L~0.01

1 /

0.71~0.9

6 /

0.091~0.13

9

D3: Qizi

Lot

2011.4.11~4.1

2 0.004L / 0.8~0.8 /

0.091~0.09

6

Standard Value 0.05 0.02 1.0 450 0.2

Result Meet the

standard

Meet the

standard

Meet the

standard

Meet the

standard

Meet the

standard

Note: undetected value is indicated as “detection limit L”.

By comparing with the Quality Standard for Ground Water (GB/T14848-1993),

it can be seen from Table 7.2-7 that the underground water quality at the project site,

hazardous waste landfill yard and Qizi Lot all meet Level III water standard.

7.2.5 Monitoring and Evaluation of Present Soil Condition

(1) Arrangement of monitoring points: arrange one monitoring point respectively

at the farmland nearby the Former Tiangou Village and Qizishan in the south of

factory. See Fig1.7-1 for details.

(2) Monitoring items: pH, Cd, Hg, As, Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn, nickel.

(3) Monitoring frequency: once on April 24, 2011 for T1 and T2.

(4) Monitoring method: According to relevant national specifications for the

monitoring and analysis of soil environment.

(5) Monitoring result and evaluation: See Table 7.2-8 for monitoring results.

By comparing with the Level II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for

Soils (GB15618-1995), it can be seen that all heavy metal index are lower that the


208

evaluation standard, meeting the Level II standard of Environmental Quality Standard

for Soils (GB15618-1995), which indicates that the present soil environment condition

is good.

Table 7.2-8 Soil Environment Monitoring Result Unit: mg/kg

Monitoring

Point pH Cu Pb Zn Cr Cd Nickel Hg As

T1:

Farmland

nearby

Former

Tiangou

Village

8.1 20.8 28.4 89.4 59.9 0.079 29.9 0.274 6.34

Standard

Value >7.5 100 350 300 350 0.6 60 1.0 20

T2: Qizishan 7.0 20.9 21.6 91.6 55.7 0.094 31.8 0.068 19.1

Standard

Value 6.5~7.5 100 300 250 300 0.3 50 0.5 25

7.2.6 Monitoring and Evaluation of Present Dioxin Condition

7.2.6.1 Monitoring and Evaluation of Present Dioxin Atmospheric

Environment Quality Condition

(1) Monitoring Arrangement

Monitor the present dioxin condition according to Environmental Development

(2008) No. 82 Document: Arrange one monitoring point respectively at the nearest

sensitive point at the downwind of the all-year predominant wind direction and the

heaviest fallen concentration point of pollutants. The all-year predominant wind

direction is E-S wind; in consideration of there being no sensitive point at the upwind,

arrange monitoring point at NNE (less-predominant upwind direction); the nearest

sensitive point at the downwind is Tiangou Village. See Fig.1.7-1 for detailed

arrangement.

Table 7.2-9 Arrangement for the Monitoring of Present Condition

No. Name of Monitoring

Point

Direction against

factory/distance

Monitoring

Item

Environmental

Function Zoning

G2 Qizi Lot, Gusu Village NNE /1200

Dioxin Class II G5

Former Tiangou

Village NW /1350

(2) Monitoring time, monitoring factor and sampling frequency


209

Monitoring time:

April 23, 2011.

The monitoring frequency shall follow the national standard.

(3) Sampling and analyzing method

Adopt EPA Method 8290

(4) Monitoring results

Table 7.2-10 Monitoring Results Unit: TEQpg/Nm3

S/N Name of Monitoring

Point

Average Daily

Monitoring Result Standard Value Result

G2 Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.615

1.65

Meet the

standard

G5 Former Tiangou

Village 0.786

Meet the

standard

Note:* According to the provisions in the Technical Guidelines for

Environmental Impact Assessment-Atmospheric Environment, the conversion relation

among momentary concentration, average daily concentration and average annual

concentration is 1, 0.33, 0.12, so if average annual concentration of dioxin is

converted to average daily concentration, it is 1.65pgTEQ/Nm3.

According to the monitoring result, the dioxin atmospheric concentration nearby

this project can meet relevant standards.

7.2.6.2 Monitoring of Dioxin Soil Environmental Quality Condition

(1) Monitoring Point and Time

Monitor the present Dioxin condition according to Environment Development

(2008) No. 82 Document: Arrange one monitoring point respectively at both the

upwind and downwind of the predominant wind direction in the factory. For the

downwind, it is recommended that agricultural soil nearby the heaviest fallen

concentration of pollutants. See Fig.1.7-1 for monitoring arrangement.

Table 7.2-11 Monitoring Arrangement for Present Soil (Dioxin) Quality

Condition

S/N Name of Monitoring Point Monitoring Item Monitoring Time and

Frequency

G1 Qizishan Dioxin April 24, 2011, once


210

G2 Farmland nearby the

Tiangou Village

(2) Monitoring Result

Adopt EPA Method 1613.

See Table 7.2-12 for results of present soil condition monitoring.

Table 7.2-12 Soil Environment Monitoring Result Unit: TEQng/Kg

S/N Name of Monitoring

Point

Monitoring

Result Standard Value Result

G1 Qizishan 1.73

250

Meet the

standard

G2 Farmland nearby the

Tiangou Village 1.70

Meet the

standard

The evaluation of dioxin shall be in accordance with the environmental standard

(250 ng/kg) issued by Japan Environmental Agency. From Table 7.2-12, it can be seen

that all the dioxins are undetected, which indicates that the present soil environmental

quality condition of project site is good.

7.2.7 Investigation on Present Ecological Environmental Quality

Condition

7.2.7.1 Vegetation Distribution Condition

Suzhou is located in the mixed evergreen and deciduous forest of north

subtropical zone, with abundant varieties of plants. In this area, there are 217 kinds of

tracheophyte (variant included), which fall under 87 families, of which there are 13

varieties falling under 11 genuses, 9 families, ferns; 5 varieties falling under 5 genuses,

4 families, gymnosperm; and 199 varieties falling under 170 genuses, 74 families,

angiosperm. If classified by vegetation type, the mixed evergreen and deciduous

forest is zonal vegetation: casuarina includes castanopsis sclerophylla, schima superba,

phoebe sheareri, holly, etc; coniferous forest is mostly man-made forest, including

masson pine, white bark pine, Qingcha, loblolly pine, etc. Taihu Basin, with abundant

water source, stable water level and suitable water quality, has all kinds of water

plants and fishes.

The project site is located in Mudu Town, Wuzhong District, Suzhou and


211

classified as land for the disposal of domestic waste. There are almost no natural

vegetation left due to damages arising out of long-term agricultural and industrial

production activities, unordered mining activities and garbage landfilling.

The natural vegetation in this area are mainly distributed in the mountains in the

south and east of Qizishan, i.e. needle-leaved forest, broad-leaved deciduous forest,

mixed evergreen and deciduous forest, bamboo forest, scrub, etc. The main tree

species include ginkgo, loblolly pine, metasequoia, camphor tree, chukrasia tabularis,

Huaxiang, Zhizhi, Celtis occidentalis, mao bamboo, Chinese pink, Zelkova

schneideriana Hand-Mazz, cypress, Dalbergia hupeana, Buxus sinica, etc. The

artificial ecological system has all kinds of economic tress planted after the

implementation of afforestation project, mainly including loblolly pine, independent

bosque, line trees, etc.

Due to many reasons such as planning and transformation, the former Qizi

Village has been moved to the other location, and there are no crops production and

livestock breeding in this area.

The project site is located in the ravine plain extended from the 3# and 4# cols of

Qizishan. The newly acquired land is mainly located in the ravine plain in front of

Qizishan, with a few shrubs and ruderals. The strike of west of Qizishan is

approximately EW inclining to north, and that of the east side to 3# col is NE 56°

inclining to NW. The mountain is distributed like an arch and formed a relatively

large valley to the north. The 3# and 4# cols are paralleled. The elevation of main

peak of Qizishan is 294.4m; longitudinal grade is appropriately 1:4; and cross fall is

appropriately 1:2. In all the cols there are vegetations, with pines and firs

(appropriately 5~6m) as the main varieties. Of all the cols, the 3# col's vegetation is

particularly prosperous, followed by 4# col with small wild bamboo growing in its

lower part.

7.2.7.2 Investigation on Important Creatures and Eco-sensitive Area

In Suzhou City there are no large wild and rare animals, only with wild animals

like bat, snakes and birds. And there are no important creatures and eco-sensitive area

within 500m around the project site.

7.3 Environmental Quality Review and Analysis


212

According to Environmental Impact Report on the Phase II Expansion Project

and Supporting Slag Recovery Project of Everbright Environmental Protection

Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., see Table 7.3-1 for the monitoring data statistics of

ambient air, surface water, ground water and soil before the construction of Phase II

project.

Table 7.3-1 Analysis on Environment Quality Change

(I) Air (Unit: mg/m3)

Monitoring

Factor

Momentary Concentration Range Average Daily

Concentration Range Result

2007 2011 2007 2011

SO2 0.007L~0.495 0.015~0.061 0.004~0.147 0.02~0.073 None

NO2 0.009~0.19 0.015~0.078 0.023~0.099 0.011~0.089 None

PM10 / / 0.049~0.365 0.11~0.13

Over-standard

in Mudu Town,

Former Qizi

Village,

Technological

Institute,

Yaofeng Village

and factory in

2007, but no

over-standard in

2011

HCl 0.01L~0.056 0.017~0.054 / /

Over-standard

in Mudu Town,

Gusu Village in

2007, and one

over-standard

respectively in

Qizi Lot of

Gusu Village

and former Lita

Village in 2011

HF 0.001L 0.9L / / None

Pb 0.0005L~0.0037 0.0001L~0.001 / / None

Hg 0.05Lμg/m3 0.00 3Lμg/m

3 / / None

Cd 0.05Lμg/m3 0.0002~0.001 / / None

NH3 0.004L~0.19 0.01L~0.11 / / None

H2S 0.002L~0.006 0.001~0.006 / / None

Dioxin / 0.615~0.786pg/m3

/ / None

Contrastive analysis: The ambient air quality in 2011 is better than that in 2007

(II) Surface Water (unit: mg/L)

Monitoring

Factor


2007 2011


213

COD 16.1~42.3 13.3~19.3

Over-standard at point of 500m up the drain outlet

and 3500m down the drain outlet of New District

Sewage Disposal Plant as well as 100m in front of

the intersection of Xujiang River and Jiangnan

Canal in 2007, but no over-standard in 2011

BOD 3.3~8.6 2.0L~2.5





Canal in 2007, but no over-standard in 2011

CODMn 3.7~9.2 3.4~3.8 None

Ammonia

Nitrogen 0.78~13.1 1.9~2.56





Canal in 2007, and over-standard at the point of

500m down the drain outlet of New District

Sewage Disposal Plant in 2011

Total

Phosphorus 0.01L~0.52 0.18~0.52


and 3,500m down the drain outlet of New District

Sewage Disposal Plant in 2007, and over-standard

at the point of 500m down the drain outlet of New

District Sewage Disposal Plant in 2011

Fluoride 0.67~0.97 0.8~1.02

Sulphide 0.001L~0.04 0.005L~0.006

SS 85~160 210~344





Canal in 2007, and over-standard at the point of

500m down the drain outlet of New District

Sewage Disposal Plant in 2011

Total

Mercury 0.0001L 0.00014~0.00018 None

Total

Chromium 0.05L 0.003L~0.059 None

Contrastive analysis: The COD and BOD of surface water in 2011 is improved than that in

2007

(III) Underground Water (Unit: mg/L)

Monitoring

Factor


2007 2011

CODMn 0.6~2.7 1.4~2.8 None

Ammonia

Nitrogen 0.01L~0.13 0.091~0.139 None

Cr6+ 0.004L 0.004L None

total mercury 0.00001L 0.00001L~0.00015 None

Cd 0.0001L 0.0002L~0.0045 None

Pb 0.001L~0.02 0.004L~0.011 None

Nitrite 0.11~0.74 0.003L None

Fluoride 0.12~0.84 0.49~0.96 None

Contrastive analysis: There is no bid difference between ground water factor in 2011 and

that in 2007

(IV) Soil (Unit: mg/kg)


214

Monitoring

Factor


2007 2011

Cu 23.6~27.1 20.8~20.9 None

Pb 26.8~59.9 21.6~28.4 None

Zn 76.7~123 89.4~91.6 None

Cr 53.3~63.7 55.7~59.9 None

Cd 0.037~0.54 0.079~0.094 None

Nickel / 29.9~31.8 None

Hg 0.046~0.336 0.068~0.274 None

As 6.84~10.5 6.34~19.1 None

Contrastive analysis: There is no big difference between soil factor in 2011 and that in 2007

Through comparison, it can be seen that the present surface water environment

condition now is better than that before the construction of Phase II project, and there

is no difference for soil monitoring factor which indicates that this project doesn’t

contribute much to the environment.


215

8 Predicative Analysis on Environmental Impact

8.1 Prediction and Evaluation on Ambient Air Impact

8.1.1 Order and Scope of Evaluation

The order of evaluation for this project is Level II, and Scope of evaluation is the

circular area within a radius of 3km from the pollution source.

The evaluation and prediction factors include SO2, PM10, NO2, CO, HCl, HF, Cd,

Pb, Hg and dioxin. The prediction contents include:

(1) Ambient air protection objects, ground level concentration at mesh point and

the maximum ground level hourly concentration within the evaluation area under

all-year hourly meteorological condition;


the maximum ground level daily average concentration within the evaluation area

under all-year daily meteorological condition;


the maximum ground level annual average concentration within the evaluation area

under all-year long-term meteorological condition;

(4) Analysis on foul gas impact;

(5) The maximum ground level hourly concentration of ambient air protection

objects and the maximum ground level hourly concentration within the evaluation

area under hourly or momentary hourly meteorological condition under unusual

emission;

(6) Calculation of atmospheric environment protection distance.

8.1.2 Emission Source Parameters

The emission parameters for the regular atmospheric pollutants of this project are

given in Table 8.1-1. And the emission parameters for fugitive atmospheric pollutants

of this project are given in Table 8.1-2.

Through investigation, there are no projects under construction or proposed that

discharge pollutants of same kind.


216

Table 8.1-1 Emission Parameters for the Regular Smoke Pollutants of This

Project

Point Sources Unit Normal

Conditions Unusual Conditions

Name / Exhaust Funnel of Incinerator

Coordinate (X, Y) (m m) (0 0)

Altitude at the bottom of exhaust funnel m 7.06

Height of exhaust funnel m 80

Inner diameter of exhaust funnel m 3

Speed at exhaust gas outlet m/s 11.10

Temperature at exhaust gas outlet K 428

Annual emission frequency h 7920 Once per 2~3h

Emission condition - Continuously Occasionally

Prediction factor

SO2 g/s 0.57 /

PM10 g/s 0.57 142.5

NO2 g/s 10.23 /

CO g/s 2.84 /

HCl g/s 0.29 1.16

HF g/s 0.056 /

Cd g/s 0.0028 /

Pb g/s 0.028 /

Hg g/s 0.0028 /

Dioxin g/s 5.68E-09 2.68E-07

Note: NO2/NOX=0.9

Table 8.1-2 Fugitive Emission Parameters

Pollution

Source

Southwest Corner of Areal

Source Altitude

m

Areal Source

Parameter

Angle

against

due

north

°

Initial

Emission

Height

m

Annual

Emission

Hours

h

Emission

Condition

Factor

X Coordinate

m

Y coordinate

m

Length

m

Width

m Name

Speed

g/s/m2

Dump pit 90 -30 7.08 68 55 45 3 7920 Continuously NH3 1.86E-07

H2S 2.23E-08

Fly ash

Stabilizing

Facilities

230 -145 26.5 48 25 45 >10 7920 Continuously PM10 5.55E-05

8.1.3 Predictive Mode of Ground Level Concentration

Adopt AERNID mode recommended by the Appendix A of Technical

Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment-Atmospheric Environment

(HJ2.2-2008). AERMOD, as one of Industrial Source Complex Model, can simulate

the short-term (average hourly, average daily) and long-term (average annual)

concentration distribution of pollutants discharged by point source, a real source and

body source based on the data characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer, which


217

applies to both rural or urban area and simple or complex topography. AERMOD has

considered the impact of wake flow of buildings, namely smoke flume downwash.

This mode uses hourly continuous preprocessed meteorological data to simulate the

average concentration distribution in not less than one hour.

The predictive mesh spacing is set as 100m.

8.1.4 Meteorological Parameters

In this project we adopt the all-year daily and hourly meteorological data in 2009,

of which the ground level meteorological data is from Wujiang meteorological station,

which is located in 120°37’ east longitude and 31°10’ north latitude, with a altitude of

9m and a distance of appropriately 18 km from project site and having a similar

geographical feature with the evaluation area.

Upper altitude sounding data used in this report is from the simulate data of

MM5 mesoscale model, with the horizontal grid resolution of 27km×27km, and the

terrain-following coordinate is used in vertical direction and there are 40 layers totally

from 1000 hpa to 100 hpa. The original data used in this mode include terrain

clearance, land use, land-water body symbol, vegetation composition, etc. These data

are from USGS. And the original meteorological data adopt the reanalyzing data of

NCEP/NCAR. The extraction location of upper altitude sounding data is 112.77° east

longitude and 31.13° north latitude. The upper altitude sounding data parameters

include time (hour, day, month, year), the layer of sounding data, the air pressure of

every layer, altitude, temperature, wind speed and wind direction (expressed as angle),

and the data frequency is twice each day (08:00 and 20:00, Beijing Time)

See Table 8.1-3 ~ Table 8.1-7 and Fig. 8.1-1 ~ Fig. 8.1-4 for meteorological data

statistics:

Table 8.1-3 Monthly Variation of Annual Average Temperature

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Temperature ℃ 3.5 8.7 10.5 16.6 22.2 26.2 28.9 28.2 25.1 21.0 11.0 5.9

Table 8.1-4 Monthly Variation of Annual Average Wind Speed Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Wind Speed m/s 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.3 1.9 3.0 2.3


218

Table 8.1-5 Daily Variation of Seasonal hourly Average Wind Speed Hour

Wind

Speed m/s

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Spring 1.7 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.0

Summer 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.8 2.7

Autumn 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.8 3.0 2.8

Winter 1.9 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.0

Hour h

Wind

Speed m/s

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Spring 3.1 3.3 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.1 2.0 2.3 1.8

Summer 2.7 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.2 2.3 1.9 1.8 2.0 1.7

Autumn 2.8 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.0

Winter 3.1 3.3 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.9 2.4 2.0

Table 8.1-6 Monthly Variation of Annual Average Wind Frequency Wind

Directio

n

Wind

Frequency%

N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW C

Jan 7.8 6.9 6.6 5.5 7.0 5.1 4.7 2.7 3.5 1.6 1.9 2.3 7.7 8.3 12.6 14.0 1.9

Feb 4.6 9.4 11.6 15.8 11.3 7.7 8.9 4.8 4.6 0.6 0.3 0.3 3.3 8.0 4.3 2.8 1.5

Mar 5.5 7.8 10.0 12.2 12.1 7.9 9.2 8.7 3.2 1.6 2.0 1.9 2.6 4.2 5.2 5.2 0.5

Apr 6.3 5.7 6.0 5.1 13.9 16.1 13.9 7.9 4.2 0.6 1.3 1.9 2.8 3.5 4.7 5.4 0.8

May 3.0 3.2 6.0 8.9 14.5 14.2 16.0 8.9 5.8 0.9 1.6 0.9 3.2 3.5 4.3 4.4 0.5

Jun 1.5 4.0 2.8 5.3 6.8 12.6 14.0 10.3 8.1 9.0 7.6 6.5 5.8 2.1 1.7 1.0 0.8

Jul 3.4 1.3 3.9 7.4 9.1 9.0 11.0 15.5 8.5 5.5 5.4 5.4 4.6 2.2 2.6 3.1 2.3

Aug 4.2 5.1 12.5 23.8 14.9 5.9 5.1 3.6 2.6 2.6 3.4 3.9 2.3 4.2 1.1 2.4 2.6

Sep 7.6 10.4 13.9 24.7 18.1 4.4 3.2 2.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.4 1.3 1.1 3.3 6.0 0.6

Oct 6.2 11.4 10.6 13.7 7.3 8.2 10.8 5.5 5.1 2.0 3.9 2.7 2.6 1.6 2.6 3.1 2.8

Nov 10.6 7.1 5.1 3.1 3.5 3.8 6.8 4.4 2.8 2.5 1.5 2.1 3.5 8.2 18.5 15.7 1.0

Dec 9.1 8.1 8.1 9.3 5.2 2.3 3.5 2.4 2.8 2.2 3.0 4.8 7.7 8.2 12.4 9.1 1.9

Table 8.1-7 Average Annual Wind Frequency and Its Seasonal Change Wind

Direction

Wind

Frequency%

N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW C

Spring 4.9 5.6 7.3 8.8 13.5 12.7 13.0 8.5 4.4 1.0 1.6 1.6 2.9 3.7 4.8 5.0 0.6

Summer 3.0 3.5 6.4 12.2 10.3 9.1 10.0 9.8 6.3 5.7 5.4 5.3 4.2 2.8 1.8 2.2 1.9

Autumn 8.1 9.7 9.9 13.8 9.6 5.5 7.0 4.3 2.9 1.7 2.1 1.7 2.4 3.6 8.1 8.2 1.5

Winter 7.3 8.1 8.7 10.0 7.7 5.0 5.6 3.2 3.6 1.5 1.8 2.5 6.3 8.2 10.0 8.8 1.8

Average Annual 5.8 6.7 8.1 11.2 10.3 8.1 8.9 6.5 4.3 2.5 2.7 2.8 3.9 4.6 6.1 6.0 1.4


219

Fig. 8.1-1 Monthly Variation Curve of Average Annual Temperature

Fig. 8.1-2 Monthly Variation Curve of Average Wind Speed

Fig. 8.1-3 Daily Variation Curve of Seasonal Hourly Average Wind Speed


220

Fig. 8.1-4 Seasonal and Annual Average Wind Rose Map

8.1.5 Terrain Parameter

Through investigation, within the evaluation scope of this project in the north

side are mainly industrial enterprises and in the south side are mainly mountains.

Therefore, relevant land surface parameters (albedo, Bowen ratio and surface

roughness) shall be used accordingly for these two sides.


221

Near-Surface Parameters

Degree Season Surface

Albedo Bowen Parameter Surface Roughness

-90~90

Spring 0.162 0.565 1.0

Summer 0.177 1.115 1.0

Autumn 0.191 1.255 1.0

Winter 0.525 1.5 1.0

90~270

Spring 0.162 0.565 0.05

Summer 0.177 1.115 0.1

Autumn 0.191 1.255 0.01

Winter 0.525 1.5 0.001

The terrain data is the “SRTM 90m Digital Elevation Data” loaded from US

website, with the resolution of 90m.

8.1.6 Prediction Results of Ground Level Concentration under

Normal Condition

(1) Prediction and Analysis of Maximum Regional Concentration

Based on predictive calculation, under normal condition and in consideration of

combined contribution of projects under construction and proposed, the maximum

fallen hourly concentration of pollutants discharged by this project to the evaluation

area is given in Table 8.1-8. The hourly fallen concentration isoline map of all waste

gas and pollutants within the evaluation area is detailed in Fig. 8.1-8.

From the analysis on predictive results, it can be seen that the hourly maximum

fallen contribution value of all pollutants can meet the requirements of Level II

standard.

Table 8.1-8 Maximum Hourly Concentration Contribution of Pollutants Under

Normal Condition

Pollutant Type of

Concentration

Predictive Result

Contribution

Value (ug/m3)

Percentage

against

standard (%)

X coordinate

against P6

(m)

Y coordinate

against P6

(m)

Occurrence

Time of

Maximum Value

SO2

Hourly 0.96964 0.19 -100 -300 07.03.11

Average Daily 0.51994 0.35 -300 -800 04.01

Average

Annual 0.05832 0.10 -500 -100

NO2

Hourly 17.40255 7.25 -100 -300 07.03.11

Average Daily 9.33151 7.78 -300 -800 04.01

Average

Annual 1.04666 1.31 -500 -100

PM10

Average Daily 40.34521 26.90 400 0 07.07

Average

Annual 4.53283 4.53 400 -100

HCl Hourly 0.49333 0.99 -100 -300 07.03.11


222

Average Daily 0.26453 1.76 -300 -800 04.01

HF Hourly 0.10207 0.51 -100 -300 07.03.11

Average Daily 0.05473 0.78 -300 -800 04.01

Pb

Hourly 0.05103 0.48 -100 -300 07.03.11

Average Daily 0.02737 0.78 -300 -800 04.01

Average

Annual 0.00307 0.31 -500 -100

Hg Hourly 0.0051 0.57 -100 -300 07.03.11

Average Daily 0.00274 0.91 -300 -800 04.01

Cd Hourly 0.0051 0.05 -100 -300 07.03.11

Average Daily 0.00274 0.09 -300 -800 04.01

Dioxin

Hourly 0.00966 0.19 -100 -300 07.03.11

Average Daily 0.00518 0.31 -300 -800 04.01

Average

Annual 0.00058 0.097 -500 -100

NH3 Hourly 0.82953 0.41 100 -200 09.18.24

H2S Hourly 0.09945 0.99 100 -200 09.18.24

Note: The unit of dioxin concentration is pg/m3.

SO2 Average Hourly


223

SO2 Average Daily

SO2 Average Annual


224

NO2 Average Hourly

NO2 Average Daily


225

NO2 Average Annual

PM10 Average Daily


226

PM10 Average Annual

HCl Average Hourly


227

HF Average Hourly

Pb Average Hourly


228

Pb Average Daily

Pb Annual Average


229

Hg Average Hourly

Hg Average Daily


230

Cd Average Hourly

Cd Average Daily


231

Dioxin Average Hourly (10-3

pg/m3)

Dioxin Average Daily (10-3

pg/m3)


232

Dioxin Average Annual (10-3

pg/m3)

NH3 Average Hourly


233

H2S Average Hourly

Fig. 8.1-5 Pollutant Concentration Contribution Distribution

(2) Predictive Analysis on the Concentration of Sensitive Point

Based on the prediction results, the statistical analysis of the maximum hourly

fallen concentration of all sensitive points within the evaluation area is given in Table

8.1-9.

Use detection limit as the background value for undetected value, and use the

maximum value of every point as the background value of dioxin monitoring. It can

be seen that, if the maximum background value plus the “carry-the-old-with-the-new

reduction” are considered, the concentration value of pollutants at all the sensitive

points can meet the requirements of level II standard.

Table 8.1-9 Prediction of Concentration Contribution of Monitoring Points

Main

Evaluation

Point

Pollutants

Types of

Concentra

tion

Maximu

m

Occurre

nce

Time

Contribu

tion

Value

(ug/m3)

Maxim

um

Backgr

ound

Value

(ug/m3)

Carry-the-

old-with-th

e-new

reduction

(ug/m3)

Superimpose

d Value

(ug/m3)

Percentag

e Against

Standard

(%)

Shangfang

Mountain

SO2

Hourly 05.19.07 0.51105 61 0.00374 61.50731 12.30

Average

Daily 05.15 0.07307 46

0.00059 46.07248 30.71

Average

Annual 0.00969

0.00011 0.00958 0.02

NO2

Hourly 05.19.07 9.17192 78 87.17192 36.32

Average

Daily 05.15 1.31141 61

62.31141 51.93


234

Main

Evaluation

Point

Pollutants

Types of

Concentra

tion

Maximu

m

Occurre

nce

Time

Contribu

tion

Value

(ug/m3)

Maxim

um

Backgr

ound

Value

(ug/m3)

Carry-the-

old-with-th

e-new

reduction

(ug/m3)

Superimpose

d Value

(ug/m3)

Percentag

e Against

Standard

(%)

Average

Annual 0.00493

0.00493 0.01

PM10

Average

Daily 05.15 1.31141 130

3.96784 127.34357 84.90

Average

Annual 0.05153

0.05

HCl

Hourly 05.19.07 0.26001 44 0.46875 43.79126 87.58

Average

Daily 05.15 0.03718

0.03718 0.25

HF

Hourly 05.19.07 0.05379 0.9 0.95379 4.77

Average

Daily 05.15 0.00769

0.00769 0.11

Pb

Hourly 05.19.07 0.02690 1 1.02690 9.60

Average

Daily 05.15 0.00385

0.00385 0.11

Average

Annual 0.00051

0.00051 0.05

Hg

Hourly 05.19.07 0.00269 0.003 0.00569 0.63

Average

Daily 05.15 0.00038

0.00038 0.13

Cd

Hourly 05.19.07 0.00269 1.1 1.10269 11.03

Average

Daily 05.15 0.00038

0.00038 0.01

Dioxin

Hourly 05.19.07 0.00509 0.00509 0.10

Average

Daily 05.15 0.00073

0.00073 0.04

Average

Annual 0.00010

0.00010 0.02

NH3 Hourly 05.31.01 0.09203 100 100.09203 50.05

H2S Hourly 05.31.01 0.01103 4 4.01103 40.11

Qizi Lot,

Gusu

Village

SO2

Hourly 08.17.08 0.38299 0.00499 0.37800 0.08

Average

Daily 06.28 0.09557

0.00045 0.09512 0.06

Average

Annual 0.01187

0.00009 0.01178 0.02

NO2

Hourly 08.17.08 6.87374 6.87374 2.86

Average

Daily 06.28 1.71523

1.71523 1.43

Average

Annual 0.00604

0.00604 0.01

PM10

Average

Daily 06.28 1.71523

3.07059 -1.35536 -0.90

Average

Annual 0.06915

0.07

HCl

Hourly 08.17.08 0.19486 0.35130 -0.15644 -0.31

Average

Daily 06.28 0.04862

0.04862 0.32

HF

Hourly 08.17.08 0.04032 0.9 0.94032 4.70

Average

Daily 06.28 0.01006

0.01006 0.14


235

Main

Evaluation

Point

Pollutants

Types of

Concentra

tion

Maximu

m

Occurre

nce

Time

Contribu

tion

Value

(ug/m3)

Maxim

um

Backgr

ound

Value

(ug/m3)

Carry-the-

old-with-th

e-new

reduction

(ug/m3)

Superimpose

d Value

(ug/m3)

Percentag

e Against

Standard

(%)

Pb

Hourly 08.17.08 0.02016 1 1.02016 9.53

Average

Daily 06.28 0.00503

0.00503 0.14

Average

Annual 0.00062

0.00062 0.06

Hg

Hourly 08.17.08 0.00202 0.003 0.00502 0.56

Average

Daily 06.28 0.00050

0.00050 0.17

Cd

Hourly 08.17.08 0.00202 1 1.00202 10.02

Average

Daily 06.28 0.00050

0.00050 0.02

Dioxin

Hourly 08.17.08 0.00382 0.00382 0.08

Average

Daily 06.28 0.00095

0.00095 0.06

Average

Annual 0.00012

0.00012 0.02

NH3 Hourly 11.22.24 0.12458 0.12458 0.06

H2S Hourly 11.22.24 0.01494 0.01494 0.15

Fenghuang

Lot

SO2

Hourly 12.23.09 0.47384 61 0.00403 61.46981 12.29

Average

Daily 02.16 0.19905 40

0.00022 40.19883 26.80

Average

Annual 0.02150

0.00005 0.02145 0.04

NO2

Hourly 12.23.09 8.50425 71 79.50425 33.13

Average

Daily 02.16 3.57246 89

92.57246 77.14

Average

Annual 0.01094

0.01094 0.01

PM10

Average

Daily 02.16 3.57246 130

3.78210 129.79036 86.53

Average

Annual 0.08858

0.09

HCl

Hourly 12.23.09 0.24108 47 0.43462 46.80646 93.61

Average

Daily 02.16 0.10127

0.10127 0.68

HF

Hourly 12.23.09 0.04988 0.9 0.94988 4.75

Average

Daily 02.16 0.02095

0.02095 0.30

Pb

Hourly 12.23.09 0.02494 1 1.02494 9.58

Average

Daily 02.16 0.01048

0.01048 0.30

Average

Annual 0.00113

0.00113 0.11

Hg

Hourly 12.23.09 0.00249 0.003 0.00549 0.61

Average

Daily 02.16 0.00105

0.00105 0.35

Cd

Hourly 12.23.09 0.00249 0.9 0.90249 9.02

Average

Daily 02.16 0.00105

0.00105 0.04

Dioxin Hourly 12.23.09 0.00472 0.00472 0.09


236

Main

Evaluation

Point

Pollutants

Types of

Concentra

tion

Maximu

m

Occurre

nce

Time

Contribu

tion

Value

(ug/m3)

Maxim

um

Backgr

ound

Value

(ug/m3)

Carry-the-

old-with-th

e-new

reduction

(ug/m3)

Superimpose

d Value

(ug/m3)

Percentag

e Against

Standard

(%)

Average

Daily 02.16 0.00198

0.00198 0.12

Average

Annual 0.00021

0.00021 0.04

NH3 Hourly 08.16.01 0.11685 100 100.11685 50.06

H2S Hourly 08.16.01 0.01401 5 5.01401 50.14

Former

Lita

Village

SO2

Hourly 09.14.11 0.62065 55 0.00308 55.61757 11.12

Average

Daily 06.24 0.23174 50

0.00019 50.23155 33.49

Average

Annual 0.03688

0.00003 0.03685 0.06

NO2

Hourly 09.14.11 11.13911 69 80.13911 33.39

Average

Daily 06.24 4.15915 57

61.15915 50.97

Average

Annual 0.01876

0.01876 0.02

PM10

Average

Daily 06.24 4.15915 130

0.66702 133.49213 88.99

Average

Annual 0.18274

0.18

HCl

Hourly 09.14.11 0.31577 50 0.56927 49.74650 99.49

Average

Daily 06.24 0.11790

0.11790 0.79

HF

Hourly 09.14.11 0.06533 0.9 0.96533 4.83

Average

Daily 06.24 0.02439

0.02439 0.35

Pb

Hourly 09.14.11 0.03267 1 1.03267 9.65

Average

Daily 06.24 0.01220

0.01220 0.35

Average

Annual 0.00194

0.00194 0.19

Hg

Hourly 09.14.11 0.00327 0.003 0.00627 0.70

Average

Daily 06.24 0.00122

0.00122 0.41

Cd

Hourly 09.14.11 0.00327 0.9 0.90327 9.03

Average

Daily 06.24 0.00122

0.00122 0.04

Dioxin

Hourly 09.14.11 0.00618 0.00618 0.12

Average

Daily 06.24 0.00231

0.00231 0.14

Average

Annual 0.00037

0.00037 0.06

NH3 Hourly 06.01.22 0.17348 80 80.17348 40.09

H2S Hourly 06.01.22 0.02080 5 5.02080 50.21

Former

Tiangou

Village

SO2

Hourly 05.19.07 0.59869 59 0.00319 59.59550 11.92

Average

Daily 06.24 0.09118 41

0.00047 41.09071 27.39

Average

Annual 0.01361

0.00008 0.01353 0.02

NO2 Hourly 05.19.07 10.7448 77 87.74482 36.56


237

Main

Evaluation

Point

Pollutants

Types of

Concentra

tion

Maximu

m

Occurre

nce

Time

Contribu

tion

Value

(ug/m3)

Maxim

um

Backgr

ound

Value

(ug/m3)

Carry-the-

old-with-th

e-new

reduction

(ug/m3)

Superimpose

d Value

(ug/m3)

Percentag

e Against

Standard

(%)

2

Average

Daily 06.24 1.63654 58

59.63654 49.70

Average

Annual 0.00692

0.00692 0.01

PM10

Average

Daily 06.24 1.63654 130

2.26996 129.36658 86.24

Average

Annual 0.06471

0.06

HCl

Hourly 05.19.07 0.30459 49 0.54912 48.75547 97.51

Average

Daily 06.24 0.04639

0.04639 0.31

HF

Hourly 05.19.07 0.06302 0.9 0.96302 4.82

Average

Daily 06.24 0.00960

0.00960 0.14

Pb

Hourly 05.19.07 0.03151 1 1.03151 9.64

Average

Daily 06.24 0.00480

0.00480 0.14

Average

Annual 0.00072

0.00072 0.07

Hg

Hourly 05.19.07 0.00315 0.003 0.00615 0.68

Average

Daily 06.24 0.00048

0.00048 0.16

Cd

Hourly 05.19.07 0.00315 0.8 0.80315 8.03

Average

Daily 06.24 0.00048

0.00048 0.02

Dioxin

Hourly 05.19.07 0.00596 0.00596 0.12

Average

Daily 06.24 0.00091

0.00091 0.06

Average

Annual 0.00014

0.00014 0.02

NH3 Hourly 01.27.06 0.10926 110 110.10926 55.05

H2S Hourly 01.27.06 0.01310 6 6.01310 60.13

Mudu

Town

SO2

Hourly 05.19.07 0.30192 61 0.00633 61.29559 12.26

Average

Daily 06.24 0.06050 73

0.00071 73.05979 48.71

Average

Annual 0.00462

0.00023 0.00439 0.01

NO2

Hourly 05.19.07 5.41863 71 76.41863 31.84

Average

Daily 06.24 1.08588 83

84.08588 70.07

Average

Annual 0.00235

0.00235 0.00

PM10

Average

Daily 06.24 1.08588 130

9.77388 121.312 80.87

Average

Annual 0.02237

0.02

HCl

Hourly 05.19.07 0.15361 44 0.27693 43.87668 87.75

Average

Daily 06.24 0.03078

0.03078 0.21


238

Main

Evaluation

Point

Pollutants

Types of

Concentra

tion

Maximu

m

Occurre

nce

Time

Contribu

tion

Value

(ug/m3)

Maxim

um

Backgr

ound

Value

(ug/m3)

Carry-the-

old-with-th

e-new

reduction

(ug/m3)

Superimpose

d Value

(ug/m3)

Percentag

e Against

Standard

(%)

HF

Hourly 05.19.07 0.03178 0.9 0.93178 4.66

Average

Daily 06.24 0.00637

0.00637 0.09

Pb

Hourly 05.19.07 0.01589 1 1.01589 9.49

Average

Daily 06.24 0.00318

0.00318 0.09

Average

Annual 0.00024

0.00024 0.02

Hg

Hourly 05.19.07 0.00159 0.003 0.00459 0.51

Average

Daily 06.24 0.00032

0.00032 0.11

Cd

Hourly 05.19.07 0.00159 0.7 0.70159 7.02

Average

Daily 06.24 0.00032

0.00032 0.01

Dioxin

Hourly 05.19.07 0.00301 0.00301 0.06

Average

Daily 06.24 0.00060

0.00060 0.04

Average

Annual 0.00005

0.00005 0.01

NH3 Hourly 03.31.01 0.04156 110 110.04156 55.02

H2S Hourly 03.31.01 0.00498 5 5.00498 50.05

8.1.7 Analysis on Fugitive Emission Concentration in the Factory

Adopt AERMOD to predict the fugitive concentration of fly ash, H2S and

ammonia at the boundary of factory under all-year meteorological condition, see

Table 8.1-10 for the prediction results. The prediction indicates that the fugitive

concentration of fly ash, H2S and ammonia can meet the standard.

Table 8.1-10 Prediction of Fugitive Concentration at the Factory Boundary

Pollutant Maximum

Value

Concentration

Contribution

(mg/m3)

Standard

Concentration

Value at the

Factory Boundary

(mg/m3)

Meet the standard or

not

NH3 S 0.8342 1.5 Meet the standard

H2S S 0.0009 0.6 Meet the standard

TSP E 0.3042 1.0 Meet the standard

8.1.8 Analysis on Odorous Impact

Source of Odor Pollutants and Their Nature

Before the waste incineration, it should be stored for about 3~5 days in order to

guarantee the normal operation of waste incineration plant as well as to increase heat


239

value by dewatering the waste. During the stacking period, it would produce choking

odorous and toxic substances such as H2S, thiol and so on. Compared with waste

landfill, the impact of waste incineration is much lighter.

There are more than 4,000 odorous substances that can be smelled by people, of

which more than 40 kinds may have an impact on ecological environment and human

health. The main odorous substances produced by urban domestic wastes are sulphide

and lower aliphatic amine. The odor irritates people's sense organ to make us feel

unpleasant and irksome, and some components such as H2S, thiol, amine and

ammonia can severely and directly harm respiratory system, endocrine system,

circulating system and nervous system. Long-term exposure to one or more kinds of

low concentration of odorous substances may result in olfactory fatigue and anosmia,

and even cause dysfunction of cerebral cortex.

Analogy Investigation and Analysis on the Foul Odor of Waste Incineration

Plant

According to investigation on enterprises of same kind, its odorous gases are

mainly produced from two links including waste discharging platform (inclusive of

waste storage pit) and waste belt conveyer, and the incinerated flue gases don’t have

much to do with the foul odor. Upon high temperature combustion, the odor strength

of clinker becomes less than it before. The primary dir feed of incinerator uses the air

in the storehouse, so the store house is under negative pressure, which is unfavorable

of emission of foul odor. The severest moment is at the time of inspection and repair

in the incinerator, we can close the door and windows of waste storehouse to prevent

the foul odor from flying outside. There are 3 incinerators totally, so we should

inspect and repair them respectively to guarantee that the storehouse is always under

negative pressure so as to reduce the adverse effects at the time of inspection and

repair.

The emission of foul gases also has something with weather condition. Generally

speaking, the odor strength is little under dry weather and it would has less impacts on

environment; but in rainy day, under low pressure and high humility, the odor strength

is heavy and it would have bigger impacts on environment.

Investigation indicates that generally speaking there is no obvious environmental

impact of foul odor on area more than 50m from the workshop. In this project the

waste receiving, storing and conveying are all completed under closed condition and

there is no open storage yard and manual separation yard. According to the


240

investigation on fugitive emission source produced by sites of same kinds, the degree

of foul odor produced by wastes in external environment is level 2~3, its strength

ranging from cognition to obvious, its main sensory response ranging from “just to be

recognized" to “easy to be recognized”, with foul odor sensory distance of about

within 50m.

Prediction on the Concentration at the Boundary of Factory

According to the prediction, the maximum hourly concentration of NH3 and H2S

at the boundary of factory is 0.3mg/m3 and 0.031 mg/m

3 respectively, which meets the

concentration requirements (NH3 1.5mg/m3, H2S 0.06 mg/m

3).

In case of accidents (boiler accident or inspection and repair), the waste

storage pit should be kept closed, the exhaustion should be deodorization treated, with

ventilation frequency of 1~1.5 times/h. The waste gas was routed to active carbon

waste gas cleaning and deodorization facilities via the aspirating hole above the pit

and pipe. The active carbon cleaning cartridge includes air intake section, filtering

section and air-out section. The foul gases will enter the cartridge from the air intake

section, conduct filtering and be discharged to the air by exhaust blower after most of

the foul gases are absorbed on the active carbon.

According to the monitoring and statistical data of projects of same kind, after

deodorization treatment in case of accidents, the emission concentration of NH3 is

about 0.056mg/m3 and that of H2S is about 7×10

-5mg/m

3, which has little impacts on

environment and will not cause odorous impact on protection objects.

8.1.9 Predictive Result of Maximum Concentration Under Unusual

Conditions

According to the predictive results, the maximum hourly concentration value of

pollutants under unusual conditions is given in Table 8.1-11.

Based on the predictive results shown in Table 8.1-11, it can be seen that the

contribution value of regular waste gases such as PM10, HCl and dioxin on ground

level hourly concentration under unusual conditions is higher that that under normal

conditions. Under unusual conditions, the regional maximum ground level hourly

concentration of HCl and dioxin can still meet the requirements of relevant

environmental quality standards, but that of PM10 is over-standard.

Under unusual conditions, the contribution value of the maximum hourly ground


241

level concentration of PM10, HCl and dioxin at all sensitive points within the

evaluation area is higher than that under normal conditions but can meet the relevant

environmental quality standard.

Table 8.1-11 Prediction on the Average Hourly Concentration of Monitoring

Points

Main

Evaluation

Point

Pollutant

Occurrence Time

(year, month, day,

hour)

Contribution Value of

This Project (ug/m3)

Percentage

against Standard

(%)

Maximum

Regional

Value

PM10 07.03.11 768.43291 170.76

HCl 07.03.11 0.49333 0.99

Dioxin(pg/m3) 07.03.11 0.00966 0.19

G1

PM10 05.07.04 58.61553 13.03

HCl 05.19.07 0.26001 0.52

Dioxin (pg/m3) 05.19.07 0.00509 0.10

G2

PM10 02.10.23 113.09715 25.13

HCl 08.18.08 0.19486 0.39

Dioxin (pg/m3) 08.18.08 0.00382 0.08

G3

PM10 02.06.02 82.40278 18.31

HCl 12.23.09 0.24108 0.48

Dioxin (pg/m3) 12.23.09 0.00472 0.09

G4

PM10 11.08.03 151.92214 33.76

HCl 09.14.11 0.31577 0.63

Dioxin (pg/m3) 09.14.11 0.00618 0.12

G5

PM10 11.08.03 71.04797 15.79

HCl 05.19.07 0.30459 0.61

Dioxin (pg/m3) 05.19.07 0.00596 0.12

G6

PM10 02.02.06 23.91872 5.32

HCl 05.19.07 0.15361 0.31

Dioxin (pg/m3) 05.19.07 0.00301 0.06

8.1.10 Protection Distance of Atmospheric Environment

Protection Distance of Atmospheric Environment

Adopt the recommended atmospheric environment protection distance mode to

calculate the protection distance of fugitive source. See Table 8.1-12 for the

calculation results.

Table 8.1-12 Pollution Source Strength of Fugitive Emission and Calculation

Results of Atmospheric Environment Protection Distance

Emission Areal Source and

Pollutants

Waste

Storehouse NH3

Waste Storehouse

H2S

Fly ash Stabilizing

Dust

Emissions (g/s) 0.00069 0.000083 0.05

Emission Height (m) 12 12 5

Emission Area (m2) 68*55 68*55 48*25

Atmospheric Environment

Protection Distance (m)

No

over-standard

point

No over-standard

point

No over-standard

point


242

Width of sanitary protection zone

The formula for width of sanitary protection zone is as follows:

Q

C ABL r Lc

m

c D 1

0 25 2 0 50( . ) .

Where: Cm refers to standard momentary limit value (mg/m3); Qc refers to the

control level (kg/h) that can be reached by fugitive emissions of hazardous gases; L

refers to the width of sanitary protection zone required by industrial enterprises; A, B,

C and D refer to calculation factors. According to the average wind speed in past five

years in this area and classification of atmospheric pollution source of industrial

enterprises, A, B, C and D shall be 470, 0.021, 1.85 and 0.84 respectively.

See Table 8.1-13 for the source strength and parameters for calculating the width

of sanitary protection zone.

Table 8.1-13 Calculation Parameters for the Width of Sanitary Protection

Zone and Calculation Result

Pollution

Source Pollutant Qc(kg/h) Cm(mg/m

3) S(m

2)

Calculation

Value (m) L(m)

Waste

Storehouse

NH3 0.0025 0.2 3,740

0.26 50

H2S 0.0003 0.01 0.01 50

Fly ash

Stabilizing Dust 0.18 0.15 1,200 86.7 100

Arrangement of Protection Distance

Based on the calculation results of both atmospheric protection distance and

width of sanitary protection zone, use the outside envelope line as the protection

distance of this project.

The width of sanitary protection zone for waste storehouse and fly ash stabilizing

site shall be 100m from their boundary.

Also, based on the Environment Development (2008) No. 82 Circular on

Further Strengthening Environment Impact Assessment Management of Biomass

Waste-to-Energy Projects, saying “the environment protection distance for new,

rebuilt or expansion projects shall be not less than 300m”. Therefore, the environment

protection distance shall be 300m from the boundary of factory.

In consideration of the requirements for the protection distance of existing

projects that the environmental protection distance for Phase I and II projects are

300m, in the environmental evaluation of leachate processing project the width of


243

sanitary protection distance for this processing station is determined to be 400m.

Therefore, taking all aspects into consideration, when the Phase III project is

completed, the environmental protection distance for the whole plant is 400m from

west boundary, 300m from east and south boundary and 100m from fly ash stabilizing

workshop, see Fig. 4.3. Within such protection distance, there are no sensitive objects

such as residential area.

Meantime, taking the requirements for the width of sanitary protection zone of

other neighboring waste disposal projects, see Table 8.1-14 for details.

Table 8.1-14 The Protection Distance Arrangement of Neighboring Projects

and Distribution of Sensitive objects

Enterprise Project Arrangement of Protection Distance

Sensitive Point

within the

Protection Distance

City

Government

Qizishan Domestic

Waste Landfill Site

With protection distance of 300m from

the boundary None

Everbright

Group

Hazardous waste

landfill yard

With protection distance of 800m from

the boundary None

Domestic Waste

Incineration Power

Plant

400m for west boundary, 300m from

east and south boundary and 100m

from fly ash stabilizing workshop

None

From Fig.4.3-1, it can be seen that the protection distance (800m) arranged for

hazardous waste landfill yard can meet the protection distance requirements of both

the Qizishan domestic waste landfill site and Everbright domestic waste incineration

power plant, and there are no sensitive points such as residential area.

8.1.11 Summary of Atmospheric Environment Impact

Under the normal emission condition of regular waste gas, the maximum

hourly concentration plus the background value can meet relevant environmental

quality standard. The meet-the-standard emission of waste gas pollutants has little

contribution to all waste gas pollutants in neighboring area; taking the sum of

background value and maximum value as well as “carry-the-old-with-the-new

reduction”, the concentration value of pollutants at all sensitive points can meet the

requirements of level II standard.

Under unusual conditions, the contribution value of regular waste gas (PM10,

HCl and dioxin) emissions is much higher than that under normal conditions. Under


244

unusual conditions, the regional maximum hourly concentration of HCL and dioxin

resulting from the emission of project waste gas can still meet the requirements of

relevant environmental quality standards. PM10 under unusual conditions is

over-standard. The contribution value of the maximum hourly ground level

concentration of PM10, HCl and dioxin at all sensitive points within the evaluation

area are all higher than that under normal conditions but can meet the relevant

environmental quality standards.

Upon deodorization treatment, the concentration of foul gases at the boundary

of factory can meet the standard; in case of accidents such as inspection and repair

and furnace shut down, the foul gases discharged after deodorization treatment have

little impacts on environment.

The final environmental protection distance for this project is 400m from the

west boundary, 300m from the east and south boundary and 100m from fly ash

stabilizing workshop. Within such protection distance, there are no sensitive objects

such as residential area. Meantime, taking the requirements of the width of sanitary

protection zone of other neighboring waste disposal projects, the protection distance

(800m) arranged for hazardous waste landfill yard can meet the protection distance

requirements of both the Qizishan domestic waste landfill site and Everbright

domestic waste incineration power plant, and within such area there are no sensitive

points such as residential area.

In short, the waste gases discharged by this project have little impacts on ambient

air and won't cause functional degradation of project site.

8.2 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Surface Water

In this project the organic wastewater is mainly from waste leachate, terrace and

vehicle washing water and domestic wastewater. The water discharged from cooling

tower, boiler and chemical water treatment will be recycled totally and not be drained

to outside.

The wastewater leachate of Phase III project, together with the unloading

platform and vehicle flushing water, will enter into leachate regulating reservoir, little

of which are back into furnace and the remaining enters into the supporting leachate

pretreatment station for treatment. The existing treatment process is anaerobic

treatment plus SBR plus ultrafiltration membrane process, and this time the


245

“nanofiltration plus reverse osmosis” are added to upgrade the standard for advanced

treatment, and then the water is used as circulation cooling makeup water after it

meets water quality standard while the concentrated water is sprayed to incinerator for

incineration. After the measure such as “carry-the-old-with-the-new” of leachate

treatment station is completed, the wastewater emissions of this factory will be much

lower than it now.

After the project is completed, the wastewater emissions of this factory will be

11,988t/a. The wastewater mainly includes domestic wastewater, which will be routed

to New District wastewater plant in for treatment.

New District wastewater plant is located in the west of the Canal, with an area of

117 mu. Its total wastewater disposal capability is 80,000t/d. Biochemical treatment of

three-tank oxidation ditch will be adopted and the wastewater will only be discharged

to the Canal after meeting the standard. Predictive evaluation has been conducted for

the impact of Phase III project (with the final disposal capability of 80,000t/d) to

water environment and the evaluation results are as follows:

(1) Under the unfavorable condition that the Canal upstream inflow is 4.2m3/s

(90% flow satisfying ratio), the impact distance of wastewater plant is 4,860m down

the drain outlet;

(2) Under the condition that the Canal upstream inflow is 19.5m3/s (normal

inflow, 50% flow satisfying ratio), the impact distance of wastewater plant is 1,470m

down the drain outlet;

(3) When Xujiang River is of back current, the wastewaters discharged from

wastewater plant will back-flow into Xujiang River along the bank side, but the water

gate at Xukou will be closed at that time to prevent wastewater from flowing into

Taihu Lake.

According to the analysis results above, after the project is completed the

wastewater centralized-treated by New District wastewater will meet the standard and

not cause adverse effects on Taihu Lake.

8.3 Prediction and Assessment of Noise Environmental Impact

8.3.1 Analysis on Noise Source Strength

Noise source of the project mainly comes from air feeder, induced draught fan

and steam turbine generator unit of the boiler system, air compressor of public works,


246

air blower and sump pump of circulating cooling water system and sewage disposal

system. See Table 8.3-1 for generating condition of noise sources.

Table 8.3-1 Project Noise Source Condition List

Major Noise Source Quantity

Noise

Level

dB (A)

The Nearest

Distance to

Factory

Boundary

(m)

Management

Measures

Noise Level

after Noise

Reduction

dB (A)

Boiler Steam

Evacuation 2 140 S 75 Muffler 100

Waste Grabbing

Crane 2 85 S 50

Noise Insulation of

Building 75

Fan (Induced

Draught, Air

Supply)

6 95 S 55

Add Acoustic

Chamber and

Muffler

85

Steam Turbine

Generator Unit 2 100 S 105

Noise Insulation

Equipment, Muffler 90

Air Compressor

4 (3 in Use

and 1 in

Preparation)

90 S、E 40 Noise Insulation,

Add Muffler 80

Water Pump 4 90 W 50 Noise Insulation of

Building 80

Cooling Tower 3 85 S 55 - 85

8.3.2 Prediction Model of Noise Transmission

Adopt prediction model of multi-point source and equidistant noise attenuation,

and refer to correct value at the most unfavorable meteorological condition. The noise

transmission of cement plant from noise source to noise point, it is affected by many

factors including transmission distance, air absorption and reflection of restraining

mass, screening, so noise attenuates gradually, forecast the impact to plant area in

accordance with HJ2.4-2009 Technical Guidelines for Noise Impact Assessment after

the project is carried out.

Main calculation formulas applied in the prediction are as follows:

Noise level calculation formula of single outdoor point to the prediction point

The octave frequency band noise power level of known noise source (from 63Hz

to 8KHz 8 octave frequency band of midband frequency of nominal band), octave

frequency band noise pressure level Lp(r) of prediction point position can be

calculated in accordance with formula (1):

ADLrL cwp )( (1)

miscbargratmdiv AAAAAA

In the formula: Lw—Noise Power Level of Octave Frequency Band, Db;


247

Dc—Directionality Calibration dB; to omnibearing point noise resource

exposed to free space, Dc=0dB.

A—Attenuation of octave frequency band, dB;

Adiv—Attenuation of octave frequency band caused by geometric

divergence, dB;

Aatm—Attenuation of octave frequency band caused by atmospheric

absorption, dB;

Agr—Attenuation of octave frequency band caused by ground effect, dB;

Abar—Attenuation of octave frequency band caused by noise barrier, dB;

Amisc—Attenuation of octave frequency band caused by other

multi-aspect effects, dB.

If noise pressure level Lp(r0) of octave frequency band which closes to some

point of noise source is known, noise pressure level Lp(r0) of octave frequency band of

prediction position with the same direction can be calculated in accordance with

formula (2):

ArLrL pp )()( 0 (2)

Noise level of prediction point A LA(r), it can be calculated in accordance with

formula (3) through utilize noise pressure level of 8 octave frequency band:

}10lg{10)(8

1

])(1.0[

i

LrL

A

ipirL (3)

In the formula: Lpi(r)—prediction point (r), noise pressure level of the ith

octave

frequency band, dB;

iL —Weighting networks A correction of i Octave frequency band, dB.

If it can not get octave frequency band power level of noise source or noise

pressure level of octave frequency band, and it only can get noise power level A or

noise level A of some point, it can make approximate calculation in accordance with

formula (4) and (5):

ADLrL cAwA )( (4)

Or

ArLrL AA )()( 0 (5)

A can chose the octave frequency band which matters noise level A most to

calculate, generally, it can chose octave frequency band with center frequency is

500Hz to estimate.

Calculation method of noise power level when indoor noise source is

equivalent to outdoor noise source


248

Set noise pressure level which close to the opening (or window) indoor, outdoor

is Lp1 and Lp2. If indoor noise field of indoor noise source lies in is diffuse noise field,

then outdoor noise pressure level of octave frequency band can be calculated

approximately in accordance with formula (6):

)6(12 TLLL pp (6)

In the formula: TL—Partition wall (or window) Transmission Loss of Octave

Frequency Band, dB.

Calculate caused noise pressure level of octave frequency band in accordance

with formula (7) when some indoor noise source closes to space enclosing structure:

)4

4lg(10

21Rr

QLL wp

(7)

In the formula: Q—Directionality Factor; it generally refers to omnidirectional

noise source, when noise source is in the room, Q=1; when it is set at the center of a

wall, Q=2; when it is set at the angle of two walls, Q=4; when it is set at angle of three

walls, Q=8.

R—Room Constant )1/( SR , S is internal surface area of the room, m2;

is average noise absorption coefficient.

r—The distance between noise source and some point closes to space enclosing

structure, m.

Then calculate i octave frequency band noise pressure level caused by all indoor

noise sources at space that close to space enclosing structure in accordance with

formula (8):

)10lg(10)(1

1.0

11

N

j

L

iP

ijPTL (8)

In the formula: LP1i(T)—noise pressure level superposition of i octave frequency

band caused by n indoor noise sources that close to space enclosing structure, dB;

LP1ij—i octave frequency band noise pressure level of indoor noise source j, dB;

N—total number of indoor noise sources

When the indoor noise field is approximate diffuse noise field, calculate noise

pressure level that closes to outdoor space enclosing structure in accordance with

formula (9):

)6()()( 12 iiPiP TLTLTL (9)

In the formula: LP2i (T)—noise pressure level superposition of i octave frequency


249

band caused by n outdoor noise sources that close to space enclosing structure, dB;

TLi—i octave frequency band transmission loss of space enclosing

structure, dB;

Then switch noise pressure level and transmission area of outdoor noise source

to equivalent outdoor noise source in accordance with formula (10), and calculate

octave frequency band noise power level of equivalent noise source when central

position is at acoustic area (S).

sTLL PW lg10)(2 (10)

Then calculate A noise level of prediction point in accordance with prediction

method of outdoor noise source.

Noise Contribution Value

Set A noise level caused at prediction point by the ith

outdoor noise source is LAi,

work time of the noise source at T period is ti; A noise level caused at prediction point

by the jth

equivalent outdoor noise source is LAj, work time of the noise source at T

period is tj; so the contribution value (Leqg) of project being built to prediction point

is :

])1010(1

lg[101

1.0

1

1.0

M

j

L

j

N

i

L

ieqg

AjAi ttT

L (11)

In the formula: tj—work time of noise source j at T period, s;

ti—work time of noise source i at T period, s;

T—time used to calculate equivalent noise level, s;

N—number of outdoor noise sources;

M—number of equivalent outdoor noise sources.

Calculation of Prediction Value at Prediction Point

)1010lg(101.01.0 dqbeqg LL

eqL (12)

In the formula: Leqg—equivalent noise level contribution value of

construction project noise source at prediction point, dB(A);

Leqb—background value of prediction point, dB(A).

8.3.3 Noise Prediction Results and Assessment

Select and use monitoring point of noise current situation as assessment point of

noise prediction, use the above prediction models and prediction plant area noise of

the project, see Table 8.3-2 for the result.


250

Table 8.3-2 Acoustic Environmental Quality Impact Prediction Results List

Unit: dB (A)

Prediction Point

Prediction

Contribution

Value

Monitoring Value of

Current Situation

Noise Superposition

Value

Environment

Standard Value

Day Night Day Night Day Night

N1

East of the

North

Factory

Boundary 43.5

54.1 43.5 54.5 46.5 65 55

N2

North of the

East Factory

Boundary 42.4

56.5 44.5 56.7 46.6 65 55

N3

South of the

East Factory

Boundary 45.5

56.0 43.5 56.4 47.6 65 55

N4

East of the

South

Factory

Boundary 42.3

56.1 44.5 56.3 46.5 65 55

N5

West of the

South

Factory

Boundary 41.2

57.5 45.8 57.6 47.1 65 55

N6

South of the

West

Factory

Boundary 41.5

55.0 42.5 55.2 45.0 65 55

N7

North of the

West

Factory

Boundary 43.9

58.0 44.8 58.2 47.4 65 55

N8

West of the

North

Factory

Boundary 43.3

57.1 45.5 57.3 47.5 65 55

We can conclude from Table 8.3-2, boundary noise of the project impacts the

superposition of contribution value and background value, plant area (prediction point)

noise meet type 3 standard in Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at

Boundary (GB12348-2008).

8.4 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Solid Waste

After fly ash solidification is completed and it is qualified through leaching

inspection, it can be transported to Qizishan waste landfill plant for treatment.

Slag from house refuse incineration plant has been used for brick-making, it has

been put into practical application, it’s relative reasonable and feasible treating

measures, which not only can prevent from environmental pollution, but also can


251

reach recycling purpose. Slag in the project will be transported to brick factory for

comprehensive use.

Other solid waste including water treatment sludge and house refuse is general

waste, and they will be incinerated in the incinerator, it is feasible, and with little

impact to environment.

So solid waste dealing measure in the project is feasible, which is with little

impact to environment.

8.5 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Soil

Majority of waste gas generated in project operation period is burn flue gas, with

trace heavy metal, dioxin, which may sedimentate at surrounding soil surface. Heavy

metal accumulates in the soil, and leads to physicochemical properties of the soil

changed, and the fertility drops, and it may also enter the food chain, and impact

human heath. Dioxin type organics sedimentate in the soil, if it is exposed in the sun,

it will resolve in several days; but if it is embedded in the soil, its half-life period will

be over 10 years, which may pollute the soil. The project is equipped with flue gas

disposal system, which takes strict managing measures to flue gas burning, it can

reduce heavy metal dioxin’s impact to the soil to minimum, and it will guarantee soil

environment quality is free of deterioration.

Set many layers of impervious material at waste repository and bottom and side

wall of the drainage pool to prevent from polluting the soil.

Contrast before and after construction of project phase II, key pollution factors in

the soil monitored in 2011 and 2007, the results showed a little change, which

indicates the existing project has relative little contribution to the soil environment.

Therefore, the project has little impact on the soil after adopting reasonable and

effective pollution control and precautionary measures.

8.6 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Ground Water

8.6.1 Prediction Range

According to Technical Guidelines For Environmental Impact Assessment-

Ground Water (HJ610-2011), the prediction range is 6km circular area centered as the

project.


252

8.6.2 Prediction Factors

It has determined prediction factor is Fluoride under normal emission condition

in accordance with project waste water emission features and ground water

monitoring material. Under abnormal condition, take leakage of drainage pool into

major consideration, prediction factor is COD.

8.6.3 Prediction Model for Normal Emission

According to requirements in Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment,

prediction model will adopt partial least-squares regression statistical model, to

Prediction the project water drainage’s impact range and degree on ground water

quality.

Standardize dependent variable vector and independent variable matrix and mark

as F0, E0. Key shortcut calculation procedures of one variable partial least square

regression are as follows:

'

1 0

'

1 0

hh

h

E Fw

E F

1h h ht E w

'

1

2

h hh

h

E tp

t

1 'h h h h

E E t p

In the formula: ht is the hth principal component, h

w is the corresponding

principal axis to h principal components; h

p is the coefficient when use the hth

principal component conduct least squares regression to independent variable residual

matrix, hE is independent variable residual matrix. Calculate quadratic sum of

prediction error:

2

( )

1

( )n

h i i

i

PRESS y y

In the formula, ( )i

y is to get rid of the ith sample and use the rest n-1 samples

to construct regression model, the prediction value of the ith

sample point through

calculation. Every time draw a main component, it should reject some sample one by

one to calculate hPRESS . Quadratic sum of all prediction error:

2

1

( )n

h i i

i

SS y y

iy is dependent variable prediction value of the i

th sample point through


253

constructing regression model by all the samples. According to effectiveness criterion:

11 / 0.0975h h h

Q PRESS SS , to judge whether to draw h main components, if

meeting effectiveness criterion, then continue to draw main components, conduct

regression of F0 and m main components according to m extracted main components

t1, t2,…,tm, then:

0 1 1 2 2 ...m m

F rt r t r t

Then get the regression equation of original dependent variable and independent

variable through the above formula.

(1) Fluoride Partial Least-squares Regression Equation

According to relevant analysis results of rainfall –Fluoride concentration, the

factors impact –Fluoride concentration includes:t

p , 1tp , 2t

p , 1tQ , where t, t-1,

t-2 indicates the tth

, t-1th

and t-2th

year respectively, p , Q indicates annual rainfall

and concentration respectively.

Adopt partial least-squares regression and combine stepwise regression to

determine the number of variable, the after designed model is as follows:

8.6.4 Prediction Model of Abnormal Emission

In consideration of drainage pool leakage trouble of the project, waste water

leakage time is calculated as 30 minutes, COD concentration in drainage liquid is

about 41,000mg/L, then actual leaked pollutants is COD for 854.17kg.

According to requirements in Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment,

as leaking time is relatively short, suppose inject instantly during leaking, take no

account of attenuation, prediction model will adopt porous media, one-dimensional

injecting hydrodynamic dispersion equation, prediction the project’s maximum impact

degree to ground water environment quality of downstream sensitive point under

abnormal emission condition.

The area the construction project lies in is approximate average isotropy, which

takes x=0 as indefinite long straight boundary, then along x positive direction, there is

well-distributed one dimensional flow. The mathematic model is:

2

2L

C C CD U C

t x x

x 0t

( )C m xt =0x,t


254

0C xx,t 0t

Get solution through Fourier transformation:

2( )

4/

( , )2

L

x ut

D t

L

m wC x t

n D te

Where: x -Distance to injecting point, m;

t -Time, d;

( , )C x t - Pollutants concentration at x point at t time, mg/L;

m -Injected tracer quality, kg;

w-Sectional area, m2;

u -Water velocity, m/d;

n -Effective porosity, dimensionless;

L

D -Longitudinal dispersion coefficient, m2/d;

8.6.5 Prediction Result Impact Analysis

According to rainfall statistical material of Suzhou in many years, in the year

with the least rainfall, according to prediction regression equation, in the project area,

average concentration of Fluoride is 0.75/mg. Under normal water drainage situation

of the project, when the rainfall reaches the least amount in the past years, Fluoride

concentration in ground water quality of the project area can reach III type water

quality standard in ground water environmental quality standards Table 1. Under

abnormal working situation, the project has the least impact on ground water quality

in the well at the nearest 1,200m at downstream-Qizi Lot, Gusu village. The

maximum impact is: COD concentration has increased 0.55mg/L, obviously, drainage

liquid has little impact on well water quality at downstream 1,200m point in

assessment range, COD in the ground water quality still can reach III type water

quality standard in ground water environmental quality standards Table 1.

The project has prepared impermeable measures at leakage could happen area,

especially waste repository and drainage liquid pool. Therefore, it has the least impact

on water in plant area.

At the same time, through the contrast of monitored ground water before and

after the project construction (in 2011 and 2007), pollution factors have a little change,

which indicates the existing project has relatively little contribution to ground water

environment, thus, the project has little impact on ground water after adopting

reasonable and effective pollution control and risk prevention measures.


255

8.7 Analysis on the Environmental Impact during Waste

Transportation

After the project is completed, total waste transportation amount is 1,500t/d,

waste transportation amount is calculated as 5t load truck (dust cart), there are 200

trucks entering the area for transporting waste every day.

Waste transportation route of the project is consistent with the existing

transportation route. Transport frequency of the trucks has certain increase, so the

enterprise shall pay attention to its impact on surrounding sensitive points on transport

routeline. Transportation will adopt airtight vehicle, it will slow down when passing

populated area and bridge, no honking, waste transportation will have little impact on

routeline environment after adopting the above measures.


256

9 Analysis on Environmental Impact During

Construction Period

Works to be completed at the plant area during the construction period of this

project includes: Civil works, utilities, auxiliary works, process equipment installation,

electrical, telecommunication, instrument installation works and other supporting

works. It is estimated that the overall construction period of the plant will be 18

months.

It is inevitable that waste water, waste gas, noise and solid waste, etc. will be

generated due to construction activities during the construction period. The

construction period is characterized with periodicity, temporality and instability,

which will exert some environmental impact on the circumstances with the

construction noise and dust as the most.

9.1 Noise Environmental Impact Assessment and Control

Measures During Construction Period

9.1.1 Main Noise Sources

Noise is the main pollutant during the construction period, mainly from noises

generated from civil construction machinery such as pile driver, bulldozer, mixer,

transportation vehicles, etc. Noise strength is generally 75~105dB (A). Table 9.1-1

shows the main construction equipment and noise value of the project. During the

actual construction process, generally many equipment works together and all kinds

of noise radiation overlay, so the noise level will be higher and the radiation impact

range will be greater.

Table 9.1-1 Construction Machinery Noise Source Intensity

S/N Equipment Name Quantity (set)

Average Sound Level A at

5m Distance

Unit: dB (A)

1 Pile Driver 2～3 94

2 Concrete Mixer 3～5 82

3 Bulldozer 2～3 77

4 Excavator 3～5 84

5 Crane 5～6 85

6 Electric Welder 10～20 90

7 Automobile 5-8 90


257

S/N Equipment Name Quantity (set)

Average Sound Level A at

5m Distance

Unit: dB (A)

Electric Saw - 100

Loader 2～3 89

9.1.2 Noise Assessment Standard

Noise environment impact assessment of construction activities is conducted in

accordance with Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB 12523－90), see Table 9.1-2.

Table 9.1-2 Noise Limits for Construction Site

Construction

Stage Main Noise Source

Noise Limit LeqdB(A)

Daytime Nighttime

Earthwork Bulldozer, Excavator, Loader, etc. 75 55

Piling All kinds of pile drivers, etc. 85 Construction

Prohibited

Structure Concrete Mixer, Vibrating Rod,

Electric Saw, etc. 70 55

Decoration Crane,

Elevator, etc. 65 55

9.1.3 Noise Impact Analysis

A. Forecast Content

Forecast noise values of construction site at different construction stages.

B. Forecast Method

Use point noise source attenuation along with distance mode to calculate the

impact of single equipment noise on the forecast spots to forecast the impact of many

equipment noise on site by overlaying.

C. Forecast Mode

Noise Source Attenuation along with Distance Mode:

L(r)=L(r0)－20log(r/r0)－△L

Where, L(r) ——the noise level dB(A) generated by the point source at the

forecast point

L (r0)——Known noise level dB(A) at the reference position r0.

△L——Attenuation value caused by various factors

D. Forecast Result

Without considering any sound barrier, see Table 8.1-3 for single equipment

noise source attenuation value along with distance. The construction equipment noise

limit at daytime is within 100m, and if such high noise equipment as pile driver,

electric welder, and crane are not used at nighttime, the standard will be met. So,


258

piling is forbidden at nighttime.

Traffic Noise Impact Analysis during the Construction Period

The in-and-out of earthwork and construction materials during the construction

period will make the traffic flow in some places much greater. It is estimated that the

transportation vehicles will increase to 50 shift/day. All the vehicles are high-tonnage

trucks which sound level is above 85dB (A). For the transportation is discontinuous

which doesn’t contribute much to the traffic noise. But in order to avoid the residents

and private and public institutions on both sides from being impacted, the

transportation of construction materials is prohibited during 22:00~6:00 at nighttime

to avoid the increase of night traffic noise level. Meanwhile the peak hour shall also

be avoided to prevent traffic jam.

Table 9.1-3 Single Equipment Noise Source Attenuation Value Along with

Distance

Unit: dB (A)

Equipment

Name 5m 10 m 20 m 30 m 50 m 80 m 100 m 150 m 200 m

Pile Driver 94 88.0 82.0 78.4 74.0 69.9 68.0 64.5 62.0

Concrete Mixer 82 76.0 70.0 66.4 62.0 57.9 56.0 52.5 50.0

Bulldozer 77 71.0 65.0 61.4 57.0 52.9 51.0 47.5 45.0

Excavator 84 78.0 72.0 68.4 64.0 59.9 58.0 54.5 52.0

Crane 85 79.0 73.0 69.4 65.0 60.9 59.0 55.5 53.0

Electric Welder 90 84.0 78.0 74.4 70.0 65.9 64.0 60.5 58.0

9.1.4 Noise Control Measures

To reduce the impact of construction noise on the circumstance, the following

noise pollution control measures are suggested during construction:

1 Enhance construction management, reasonably arrange construction time

and strictly follow relevant regulations on construction noise

management to prohibit high noise construction at nighttime;

2 Use low noise construction equipment as far as possible. For example,

replace pneumatic tools with hydraulic ones, and try our best to use the

construction method that causes low noise at the same time.

3 Set necessary sound-proof wall around high noise equipment or

construction boundary to lower the external radiation of noise.

4 All preparations shall be ready, minimize the operation time of mixer

before continuous concrete casting.


259

9.2 Waste Water Environmental Impact Assessment and

Control Measures During Construction Period

Main sources of waste water during the construction period are flushing water of

construction materials, concrete curing drainage, equipment hydraulic testing water

and domestic waste water of construction workers. It is estimated that the waste water

generated by construction and production is 20t/d, and main pollutant is SS, and the

petroleum materials leaked from construction machinery. Domestic waste water is

about 5-8t/d, main components are COD, ammonia nitrogen, TP, SS, etc. Additionally,

there are also other pollutants such as coliform, grease and surfactant.

Control measures:

1 The flushing water of sandstones, concrete curing water, equipment

hydraulic testing water and flushing water of equipment and vehicles

shall be led to the pre-set settling pond and recycled after being settled,

no external drainage is allowed.

2 The construction company shall enhance sewage treatment, especially

toilet sewage shall be discharged into the cesspool, and then put in the

sewage pipe network and random discharge is prohibited.

3 Enhance the management of fuel oil, engine oil and lubricant, etc. used

by various kinds of vehicles and equipment. All waste oil shall be

concentrated and collected for treatment. Random pouring and discharge

into nearby rivers is prohibited.

4 Enhance the maintenance of construction machinery to avoid oil leakage

from construction machinery.

9.3 Waste Gas Environmental Impact Assessment and Control

Measures During Construction Period

Main waste gas during the construction period is dust and construction waste gas

on the construction site. The construction waste gas mainly comes from mixing, the

off-gas discharged by the freight cars entering and leaving the site, waste gas from the

temporary canteen for the construction team and the waste gas from the driving

equipment of construction machinery (such as diesel engine, etc.).

The ground will be excavated during the construction process, so dust is


260

inevitable and brings some bad impact on the environment. The main source of dust is

the followings: Mechanic excavation, waste soil stack, transportation, concrete mixing

and surface exposure.

Analogy survey shows that, the severest dust comes from transportation, loading

and unloading of the construction materials and concrete mixing, and the range of its

impact is within 200m of the construction site, and the area 100m downwind is

impacted the most by dust. Then the dust generated by the earthstone work in dry and

gale weather. After some protection measures are taken, the impact range of the

construction dust will generally be 50m outside the plant, so the area within this range

will be impacted apparently, so the impacts of construction dust on nearby Songchao

Village is very small.

The following measures must be taken to lower the impact of dust and

construction waste gas on the environment:

1 The trucks shall be intact and without overload, and covering and sealing

measures shall be taken to avoid materials from leakage;

2 The construction waste and domestic waste shall be cleaned up timely

and the site shall be leveled in time. Water shall be sprinkled when the

work level is dry to prevent secondary dust;

3 The construction site must be enclosed;

4 The temporary piling area must be covered;

5 Earthwork excavation and backfilling, etc. is prohibited in gale weather.

The solid waste environment impact assessment during the construction period

and control measures:

The solid wastes during the construction period are domestic garbage and

construction garbage, the treatment measures are as follows:

1 The domestic garbage generated during the construction period will be

disposed in a unified manner by local environment and health

departments, and will be cleaned out of the site timely;

2 The metal dogs, timber and construction material scraps and waste

concrete, etc. generated during the construction period shall be collected

and treated by special staff and cars.


261

9.4 Ecological Environmental Impact Assessment and Control

Measures during Construction Period

The planned plant site neither belongs to river source, drinking water protection

zone, natural protection zone, scenic spot, tourist resort; nor belong to cultural relic

protection zone or important resource abundant areas designated by the state, province

(autonomous region), and municipality directly under the Central Government.

The expanded project is located in the valley plain formed by the northward

stretch of 3#, 4# col of Qizishan. The newly-required land is mainly the valley plain in

front of Qizishan, which is mainly covered by a few bushes and weeds. There is no

agricultural production and husbandry within 500m range of the project.

Therefore, the ecological impact of this project construction is very small. But

for that Qizishan is in the south of the project, it is suggested that the company do

water and soil conservation well during the construction period.

As stated above, the noise, waste gas, waste water and solid waste generated

during the construction period will exert some impact on the environment. But if the

construction company seriously makes the organization (including workforce,

schedule plan and construction level management, etc.), and conduct housekeeping,

enhance the ecological protection near the plant area and abide by the suggestions on

environmental protection above, the project construction period will exert no impact

on the environment.


262

10 Risk Assessment

10.1 Overview

The environmental risk is a kind of serious pollution incident spread by

environmental medium, and caused by spontaneous causes or human activities which

is highly uncertain. The environmental risk assessment is to analyze hidden

environmental risk incidents, the probability and consequence of the incidents, so as

to determine corresponding safety measures.

This is a waste Waste-to-Energy Project; domestic waste is not dangerous waste,

so the possibility of malignant environmental incidents during storage and

transportation is low. But harmful smoke will be generated during waste incineration,

so there is certain potential environmental risk in incident discharge. In accordance

with the requirements of No. 82 HF (2006) Notice on Risk Assessment on Major

Environmental Accident Hidden Danger, Circular of Enhancing Environment Impact

Assessment Management and Preventing Environmental Risk, Notice on Enhancing

Environment Impact Assessment of Biomass-to-Energy Projects and Technical

Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects (TJ/T169-2004),

environmental accident risk assessment shall be conducted on this project to come

up with necessary control measures to realize the goal of lowering the risk and extent

of risk and protecting the environment.

10.2 Risk Identification

10.2.1 Material Risk Identification

In accordance with addendum a of the Technical Guidelines for Environmental

Risk Assessment on Construction Projects, see Table 10.2-1 for the determination

standard of the material danger

Table 10.2-1 Identification Standards for Material Danger

Material Classification

LD50 (Rat

through mouth),

mg/kg

LD50 (Rat through

skin), mg/kg

LC50 (Mouse through

inhalation for 4 h), mg/L


263

Material Classification

LD50 (Rat

through mouth),

mg/kg

LD50 (Rat through

skin), mg/kg

LC50 (Mouse through

inhalation for 4 h), mg/L

Toxic

material

Extremely

toxic

material

<5 <10 <0.1

Extremely

toxic

material

5<LD50<25 10<LD50<50 0.1<LC50<0.5

General

toxic

material

25<LD50<200 50<LD50<400 0.5<LC50<2

Flammable

Material

Flammable

Gas

A material that in normal atmospheric pressure, it is gas and mixed

with air to form a mixture that is flammable, its boiling point(normal

pressure) is 200C or 200C

Flammable

Liquid

A material with flash point lower than 210C, boiling point higher than

200C

Flammable

Liquid

A material whose flash point is lower than 550C, in liquid form under

pressure, in actual operation(such as high temperature and pressure) , it

may cause a major accident

Explosive Material A material that will explode with the influence of flame, or more

sensitive to impact, friction than nitrobenzene.

Based on the analysis of raw material used and pollutants generated, the relevant

pollutants are HCl, CO, NH3, H2S and light diesel. Analyze in accordance with

Materials Risk Characteristics Table (see Table 10.2-2).

Table 10.2-2 Identification of Major Materials Risks of This Project

Poison, Flammable, Flammable, Explosive

HCl

Poisonous material determination standard No. 3, general poison in Table 1

addendum of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects

(HJ/T169-2004). Not the poison in List of Toxic Chemicals (2002). Categories 8.1,

in List of Dangerous Chemical acid corrosive, S/N 81013.

CO

If mixed with the air, an explosive will be formed, if met with open light and

highly heated it will flame and explode. Explosion limit (v%):12.5-74.2, LC50:

1807ppm 4 h (rat inhale).

Flammable material determination standard No. 1 in Table 1 addendum A of

Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects

(HJ/T169-2004). Categories 2.1, in List of Dangerous Chemical acid corrosive,

S/N 21005. Not the poison in List of Toxic Chemicals (2002).

NH3

Poisonous material determination standard No. 3, general poison in Table 1

addendum A of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on

Projects (HJ/T169-2004). If mixed with the air, an explosive will be formed, if met

with open light and highly heated it will flame and explode. Not the poison in List

of Toxic Chemicals (2002).

H2S

If mixed with the air, an explosive will be formed, if met with open light and

highly heated it will flame and explode. LC50: 1807ppm 4 h (rat inhale).

Not the poison in List of Toxic Chemicals (2002).

Light Diesel Diesel is the mixture of all groups of hydrocarbons with C16~C23 boiling range of

200~380℃, its volatility is smaller than gasoline, density (20℃) 0.80~0.85, flash

dict://key.0895DFE8DB67F9409DB285590D870EDD/extremely%20toxic%20substance






dict://key.0895DFE8DB67F9409DB285590D870EDD/nitrobenzene


264

point 45～55℃, explosion limit 1.5~4.5%, fire risk Class-2B. Flammable material

determination standard No. 3 in Table 1 addendum A of Technical Guidelines for

Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects (HJ/T169-2004).

10.2.2 Identification of Major Risk Sources

Main risk sources are at the environmental treatment devices lot, select light

diesel, HCl, CO, NH3 and H2S as discerning factors, see the standards in Table 1

addendum A of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects

(HJ/T169-2004), GB18218-2000 Major Risk Identification, see Table 10.2-3 for the

specific result of major risk identification of this project. As shown in Table 10.2-3,

there is no major risk source in this project.

Table 10.2-3 Identification of Major Material Risks of This Project

Material

Classification

Production Site Storage Site Result of

Major Risk

Source

Identification

Utilization/Generation/Existence

Quantity

Threshold

Quantity

(T)

Utilization

/Generation/Existence

Quantity

Threshold

Quantity

(T)

HCl Generation Quantity 21.08

Kg/H, Treated Immediately. 20 No 50

Non-major

Risk Source

CO Generation Quantity 8.45 Kg/H,

Treated Immediately. 2 No 5

Non-major

Risk Source

NH3 Generation Quantity 0.68 Kg/H,

Treated Immediately. 40 No 100

Non-major

Risk Source

H2S Generation Quantity 0.012

Kg/H, Treated Immediately. 2 No 5

Non-major

Risk Source

Light Diesel Maximum Storage 25T N 30 NO Non-major

Risk Source

10.2.3 Identification of Possible Hazards During Production

The major environmental risks in project incineration operation are:

(1) Abnormal burning, the temperature of the smoke excessively high, the bag

is damaged, so that dust removal is compromised;

(2) Flue gas cleaning treatment control malfunction or lime, activated charcoal

injection malfunction, causing excessive discharge of pollutants;

(3) Accumulation of flying dust in the deduster, explode when met with fire

source, or the activated charcoal quality fails to meet the standard, leading to

excessive discharge of such material as dioxin group;

(4) For the problems of structure, anti-leakage, the leachate leaks and pollutes

nearby underground water;

(5) Improper gas exhaust, resulting in higher pressure in the furnace;


265

(6) Improper management on the coal site leads to fire etc. accident when met

with fire source;

(7) Leachate accident discharge when maintenance or furnace stops;

(8) Odor accident discharge when maintenance or furnace stops.

10.3 Assessment Grade Determination and Assessment Range

10.3.1 Assessment Grade

In accordance with the probability of risk accident in foreign countries in

incinerator operation, its severity, consequence of influence on human and

environment, we come up with an accident risk grade 4 and risk grade, see Table

10.3-1.

Table 10.3-1 Accident Risk Probability and Grade Category Accident Severity and Accident Risk Rating

Accident Severity L

Low

M

Medium

H

High

C

Catastrophic

Consequence of Influence on Human

First

aid of

minor

injury

Serious

injury

reversible

Serious

injury

reversible

some death

Many death

Consequence of Influence on Environment Injury

on site

minor

reversible

injury

To places

outside the

site

Serious

reversible

injury

To places

outside the

site

Irreversible

injury

(10-year)

To places

outside the

site

Probabilit

y of

accidents

Possibility Frequency

time/year

Probability

grade Accident Risk Grade

Once a year at

the maximum

possibility

＞ 10-1

1 3 2 1 1

About Once

every 100

years

10-3

to 10-1

2 3 3 2 1

10,000

Low

Possibility

once 10,000

years

10-5

to 10-3

3 3 3 3 2

Lowest

Possibility

once

1,000,000

years

10-5

4 3 3 3 3

app:ds:reversible

app:ds:reversible

app:ds:reversible

app:ds:reversible

app:ds:reversible


266

Accident Risk Grade: 1 represents unacceptable, 2 represents medium, and 3

represents acceptable.

In accordance with the comparative operation of incineration power plants in

France and Japan, generally the residual risk probability is about grade 3-4 after

prevention measures are taken, the residual risk probability is mainly grade 3, 2 is

rare.

See Table 10.3-2 for environmental risk grade analysis of this project.

Table 10.3-2 Project Environmental Risk Grade Analysis

S/N Type of accident Consequence of

accident

Potential

risk grade Prevention measure

Residual

risk

grade

1 Abnormal burning, flue

gas temperature is too

high

The bag is damaged,

and deduct

influenced 2

Smoke temperature

control, Contingency

sprinkling 3

2 Flue gas cleaning

treatment control

malfunction or lime,

activated charcoal

injection malfunction

Excessive discharge

of pollutants 1

Stop feeding,

incinerator enters

closure process 3

3 Accumulation of flying

dust in the deduster,

explode when met with

fire source, or the

activated charcoal quality

fails to meet the standard

Excessive discharge

of such material as

dioxin group. 2

Clean the dust timely,

metal equipment

grounding, inject N2 if

needed 3

4 For the problems of

structure, anti-leakage, the

leachate leaks

Nearby

underground water

polluted 2

Underground water

quality control,

incineration furnace

stops

3

5 System exhaust

malfunction

Improper gas

exhaust, higher

pressure in the

furnace

2 Stop feeding

automatically 3

In accordance with Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on

Projects and poison degree of risk material, major risk source and local condition of

environmentally sensitive place to conduct material evaluation classification work.

There is no major risk source in this project, but due to the fact that the poison of the

risk material is relatively high and that the surrounding place is environmentally

sensitive, we determine the risk grade of this project as grade II.

10.3.2 Assessment Range

In accordance with Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment

on Projects (HJ/T169-2004), based on the harm threshold and position of sensitive

zone, determine the impact range of hazardous chemicals and specify the atmospheric


267

environmental assessment Grade 2 range which shall be at least 3km from the source

point.

Main environmental protection goals within this project assessment see Table

10.3-3 and Fig. 1.7-1.

Table 10.3-3 Main Environmental Protection Goals within the Range of Risk

Assessment

Environmental

Factor

Environmental

Protection

Object Name

Direction Distance

(m) Scale

Environmental

Function Remarks

Air

Environment

Mudu Town

(ancient area) WNW 2,600-6,300

200,000

Persons

GB3095-1996

Medium II

Former Gusu

Village W 2,000

3,600

Households

Now

Unified

as Gusu

Village

Qizi Lot,Gusu

Village N 1,200

20

Households

Fenghuang

Lot, Gusu

Village

SW 1,650 3,100

Households

Suzhou

University of

Science and

Technology

E 2,300 7,500

Persons

Renji Nursing

Home N 1,100 20 Beds

Shangfangshan

Forest Park SE 1,600 5.002km

2

Surface Water

Xujiang River N 1,500 — GB3838-2002

Medium III

Jiangnan

Canal NE 5,000 — Class IV

10.4 Analysis on Sources

10.4.1 Analysis on Accident Sources

Through analysis, the main accident sources are as follows:

(1) The impact on the circumstances when incinerator and its accessory semi-dry

flue gas treatment device do not reach the normal treatment efficiency.

(2) The impact on the circumstances when incinerator starts (heats up) and stops

(flames out) or due to management or personal factors such as the incinerator

temperature is not high enough and the discharge of dioxin is abnormal.

(3) The impact on the circumstances when the furnace shuts down or during

maintenance when the stink prevention measures don’t work, resulting in discharge of


268

stink materials.

(4) The impact of leachate leakage on the circumstances.

(5) The impact on the circumstances when the amount of CO in incinerator is

excessive thus leading to explosion.

(6) The impact of the fire and explosion risk when light diesel leakage on the

circumstances.

10.4.2 Maximum Credible Accident

The analysis of accident risk identification and accident factors show that, main

project environmental risks lie in accident discharge of flue gas treatment system and

leachate leakage. When incinerator’s accessory semi-dry flue gas treatment device

doesn’t reach the normal treatment efficiency, resulting in the waste gas that doesn’t

meet the standard will go into the atmosphere, polluting the surrounding air which

will heavily impact the environment. Leachate leakage will cause underground water

environmental pollution or surface water pollution. Once there is an accident, it will

severely impact environmental quality, life and asset.

Therefore, in accordance with project material identification, major risk source

identification, potential risk identification during production, the cause of accidents,

the severity of accident consequence, the maximum credible accident of the project is:

◆Accident discharge of flue gas treatment system

◆Underground water pollution results from leachate leakage.

Based on the results of maximum credible accident, see Table 9.4-1 for accident

source intensity.

Table 10.4-1 Accident Source Intensity and Probability Table

Position of

Accident

Leakage

Source

Accident

No.

Occurrence

Probability Accident Setting

Flue Gas

Treatment

System

Treatment

Measure

doesn’t Work

Accident 1 6.8×10-4

/a

Suppose that accident discharge time is 1

hour, the time from accident discharge

begins to feeding and incinerator stops

Garbage

Storage Pit

Leachate

Leakage Accident 2 1×10

-4/a

Garbage geomembranes of the garbage

storage pit ruptures, resulting in leachate

leakage and underground and soil pollution.

10.5 Analysis on Accident Consequences


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10.5.1 Forecast and Calculation of Atmospheric Accident under

Abnormal Working Conditions

The following things of planned project environmental risks under abnormal

working conditions shall be taken into consideration: one is the waste gas discharge

when incinerator and its accessory semi-dry flue gas treatment device don’t reach the

normal treatment efficiency; two is dioxin accident discharge when the operation of

incinerator is not stable; when incinerator stops for maintenance, odor accident

discharges. See 8.1 for relevant forecast and evaluation.

When we take a conservative consideration, dioxin material’s impact on human

body is analyzed as follows:

In accordance with the (Environment Development No. 82[2008]) Circular on

Further Strengthening Environment Impact Assessment Management of

Biomass Waste-to-Energy Projects, dioxin accident risk assessment takes

4TEQpg/kg of daily human resistible intake as reference, and the allowable amount

into human body take 10% daily resistible intake.

Suppose that the average weight of every healthy adult is 60kg, the allowable

inhale limit of everybody is 1TEQpg/person·h.

Data shows that, generally average inhale of the average person is 0.0042m3,

hourly average inhale 0.252 m3. After calculation, the dioxin concentration limit into

human body through breath is 3.97TEQpg/m3.

Under project abnormal working conditions, after the maximum hourly

concentration caused by regular waste gas discharge overlying with local ones, it still

meets corresponding environmental quality standard requirements. Under abnormal

working conditions, the maximum hourly ground concentration value of sensitive

points in the evaluation range are all higher than normal working conditions, but when

overlaid with this bottom it still meets corresponding environmental quality standard,

and continuous abnormal working time is no more than 1 hour.

Therefore, analyzing from the aspect of human health, dioxin under accident

conditions is acceptable.


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10.5.2 Odor Pollutant Accident Discharge Caused by Malfunction of

Odor Pollutant Control Measures and the Impact on Ambient

Environment

The causes of malfunction of odor pollutant control measure are: the incinerator

stops, primary air fan stops air suction from the garbage pool, the probability of the

occurrence at most once a year or twice a year, lasting for 2-4 days.

When the boiler accident stops or maintenance, the garbage storage pit should be

sealed, if the waste is to be discharged, it must undergo deodorization treatment,

change the gas 1~1.5 times per hour, the waste gas will be sucked to the activated

charcoal waste gas cleaning and deodorization device via the air suction hole on the

upper side of the garbage storage pit. The activated charcoal waste gas purifier has the

following sections: air inlet section, filter section, air outlet section, after the waste

gas comes into through the air inlet it will be filtered by the activated charcoal in the

filtering section, the majority of the odor is absorbed by activated charcoal grains,

then discharged into the atmosphere by the exhaust fan. What’s more, by enhancing

spraying deodorization, we can lower the amount of odor to the greatest extent. The

odor pollutant amount is relatively small under accident state, which exerts little

impact on circumstance.

10.5.3 Impact of Leachate on Underground Water

The project impacts the residents’ wells drinking water of the nearest Gusu

village Qizi lot 1200m away under abnormal working conditions is relatively small,

its greatest impact is that the COD concentration increases by 0.55mg/L, so we can

see that under abnormal working conditions, impact of leachate on the residents’ wells

drinking water of 1,200m away downstream is not obvious, and its underground water

quality can still meet III water quality in Table 1 of Quality Standard for Underground

Water.

This project has done the anti-leakage at where leakage is possible, especially the

storage and leachate pool. So, its impact on the underground water in the parameter of

the factory lot is small.

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271

10.5.4 Analysis on Explosion Accident Caused by Excessive Amount

of CO in Incinerator and the Impact on Ambient Environment

Under normal conditions, the CO generation concentration is 100mg/m3, and its

volume ration is 8.0×10-5, far lower than CO explosion limit (v%)12.5-74.2, so under

normal conditions, it is free of explosion accident. The probability of explosion

accident caused by excessive amount of CO is also very low, no relevant report to

date. The causes of excessive amount of CO are: the wind supply of the air fan

(primary, overfire air fan) is insufficient, thus large amount of CO is generated at the

same time the air supply of the sir fan doesn’t increase dramatically, and large amount

of CO is accumulated in hearth and waste heat boiler. But to this project the

probability of this is low, and it won’t last for a long period, no more than 1 hour. The

CO concentration generated at this time is 493mg/m3 with the volume ratio 3.9×10-6,

far lower than CO explosion limit (v%)12.5-74.2, the probability of explosion is quite

low. Should there be an explosion, such pollutants as HCl would be leaked to the

circumstances and severely impact it.

10.5.5 Risk of Fire and Explosion Caused by Diesel Leakage

The most probable accident is that the stored oil leaks and causes fire and

explosion. After the tank fire breaks out, the radiant heat by oil burning will impact

the nearby oil tank and the buildings, even cause a new fire. This is destructive to the

circumstances.

In accordance with the analysis of the main risk factors and harmful factors, we

will use US DOW Chemical Company (DOW)’s Fire, Explosion Risk Assessment

(the 7th

edition) to conduct the fire, explosion risk assessment of this project.

We use the relevant index calculation sheet and safety compensation index

calculation sheet of each unit in US DOW Chemical Company (DOW)’s Fire,

Explosion Risk Assessment. The result of risk grade is listed in the following Table

10.5-5, as a control of US DOW Chemical Company (DOW)’s Fire, Explosion Risk

Assessment (Table 10.5-4). As we can see from Table 10.5-5, after safety

compensation, the risk grade of each unit all lower by a grade, the fire, explosion risk

of oil tank in this project is lower, which is in the acceptable range.

Based on the calculated fire and explosion index, we can get the exposure radius

by referring to the drawings or by calculation. See Table 10.5-6 for the calculated


272

exposure radius and exposure territory area of each unit.

Table 10.5-2 Fire and Explosion Indexes (F&EI) Calculation Table

Item Oil Storage of the Project

Selected Typical Material Light Diesel

Material Factor MF 10

1. General Process Risk Range of Risk Index

Basic Factor 1.00 1.00

A Exothermic Reaction 0.3-1.25

B Endothermic Reaction 0.2-0.40

C Treatment and Conveyance of

Material 0.25-1.05

0.85

D Enclosed or Indoor Process

Unit 0.25-0.90

E Channel 0.20-0.35

F Discharge and Leakage Control 0.25-0.50 0.5

General Process Risk Coefficient

(FI)

2.35

2. Special Operation Risk

Basic Factor 1.00 1.00

A Toxic Material 0.20-0.80

B. Negative

Pressure(<500mmHg) 0.50

C Operation within and around

the Burning

(a) Tanked Flammable Liquid 0.50 0.50

(b) Process Malfunction or

Sweeping Failure 0.30

(c) Always within the Range of

Burning 0.80

D Dust Explosion 0.25-2.00

E Pressure (Refer to drawings)

F Low Temperature 0.20-0.30

G Quantity of Flammable and

Instable Material

1.08

(a) Liquid and Gas in the Process

(b) Liquid and Gas in Storage

(Refer to drawings)

(c) Flammable Solid in Storage

and Dust in the Process

H Corrosion and Abrasion 0.10-0.75 0.20

I Leakage(Joints and Sealing) 0.10-1.50 0.10

J The Equipment Using Open

Fire

K Hot Oil Heat Exchange System 0.15-1.15

L Rotating Equipment 0.5

(F2) Special Process Risk Factor 2.88

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273

(F2)

Process Unit Risk Factor (F3=F1×F2) 6.77

(F&EI=F3×MF) Fire, Explosion Index (F&EI=F3×MF) 67.7

Table 10.5-3 Safety Measure Compensation Indexes Calculation Table

Item Range of Compensation

Index Oil Storage of the Project

1. Process Control Safety Compensation Index (CI)

Contingency Power Source 0.98 0.98

Cooling Device 0.97-0.99 0.99

Anti-explosion Device 0.84-0.98

Contingency Cutting Device 0.96-0.99 0.98

Computer Control 0.93-0.99

Inert Gases Protection 0.94-0.96

Operation Guideline/Procedures 0.91-0.99 0.92

Chemical Activated Material Check 0.91-0.98

Other Process Risk Analysis 0.91-0.98

C1(The Product of Index - ) 0.87

2. Material Isolation Safety Compensation Index (C2)

Long-distance Control Cutting Valve 0.96-0.98 0.98

Spare Blowdown Device 0.96-0.98

Discharge System 0.91-0.97

Interlock Device 0.98

C2(The Product of Index - ) 0.98

3. Fire Prevention Facilities Safety Compensation Index (C3)

Leakage Check Device 0.94-0.98 0.98

Steel Structure 0.95-0.98 0.98

Firefighting Water Supplying System 0.94-0.97 0.97

Special Fire-fighting System 0.91

Sprinkler System 0.74-0.97 0.89

Water Curtain 0.97-0.98

Foam Extinguisher 0.92-0.97 0.94

Portable Fire Extinguisher/Water Gun 0.93-0.98

Cable Protection 0.94-0.98 0.94

C3 (The product of index - ) 0.73

Safety Measures Compensation C=C1×C2×C3=0.63 0.64

The Fire Risk Index after Compensation 43.3

Table 10.5-4 Fire Explosion Index and Risk Grade Table Range of Fire Explosion Index Risk Grade

1～60 Lowest

61～96 Low

app:ds:%20%20portable%20fire%20extinguisher


274

91～127 Medium

128～158 Likely

>159 Probable

Table 10.5-5 Risk Grade Comparison Before and After Safety Measure

Compensation Table

Assessment Unit Before Compensation After Compensation

F&EI Risk Grade F&EI Risk Grade

Oil Storage of the

Project 61.5 Lower 36.9 Lowest

Table 10.5-6 Oil Storage Exposure Radius and Territory Area of the Project Item Oil Storage of the Project

Fire Explosion Index 61.5

Exposure Radius (m) 15.2

Exposure Area (m2) 838

10.6 Risk Control Measures for Current Project

10.6.1 Countermeasures for Incinerator Waste Gas Treatment

System Pollution Accident Discharge Risk

Special staff will be in charge of daily environmental management, to set up

the system of “Environmental Management Staff Responsibility” and “Environmental

Accident Control Measures” to enhance supervision and management of incinerator

waste gas treatment system.

Enhance the periodical check and maintenance of waste gas treatment system,

if any potential accident spotted, resolve it in no time.

Install flue gas online monitor to monitor the waste gas control effect online.

Import the waste gas treatment equipment and devices those are technically

advanced and effective to ensure that the discharged pollutants meet the standards.

When the incinerator starts, preheat the bag deduster with electricity. When

the temperature reaches the requirement, start the incinerator and bag deduster at the

same time.

10.6.2 Control Measures for Explosion Accidents Caused by

Excessive Amount of CO in Incinerator

In order to avoid explosion accidents caused by excessive amount of CO in

incinerator, the following control, buffer and Contingency measures shall be taken, (1)


275

Monitor the amount of O2 in the incinerator to see the incomplete burning, to timely

adjust the burning to ensure the complete burning of the garbage; (2)interlock the

draft fan and ventilator, once the draft fan stops for malfunction, the ventilator must

also be shut down, the incinerator shuts down at the same time. (3) Pay attention to

hearth negative pressure to avoid positive pressure. (4) If unfortunately the incinerator

stops due to explosion inside the incinerator, air supply shall be stopped and increase

air draft section time of the ventilator; (5) properly conduct daily check and

maintenance of the incinerator to rule out accidents.

10.6.3 Countermeasures Against Oil Tank Leakage and Explosion

Risk

Strictly follow relevant national regulation of safe production, take B

production and storage safety technical measures and abide by the B industrial fire

prevention regulations and norms;

Establish and perfect periodical safety check system under the safe production

responsibility system, conduct periodical maintenance of the pipes and valves of the

oil storage tank to timely spot accident potential and rule it out;

Enhance safety awareness, strengthen safety education and staff’s safety

awareness, seriously implement safety regulations and systems to avoid staff’s wrong

behaviors, and formulate corresponding contingency measures;

Smoke and fire prohibited around the light diesel storage tank;

Make sure that cofferdam has been set around the diesel storage tank to avoid

diesel leakage to the outside circumstances when light diesel leakage occurs.

10.6.4 Countermeasures against Odor Pollutant Accident Discharge

Caused by Failures of Odor Pollutant Control Measures

To prevent odor pollutant accident discharge, take the following control, buffer and

contingency measures:

1 Enhance daily check and maintenance of incinerator to lower accident

probability;

2 Buffering measures: Enhance garbage pool spraying deodorization to reduce

odor generation;

3 Set deodorization devices at the garbage unloading platform, discharge the

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276

odor via the roof after the gas inside the unloading hall is deodorized by the

deodorization devices to prevent the odor from leaking freely.

10.6.5 Other Accident Control Measures

(1) Enhancing Safety and Fireproof Measures

The firefighting equipment set in the incineration plant is in line with the

relevant requirements in Code for Design of Extinguishers Distribution in Buildings

(GBJ140-1997), and check periodically to test the firefighting equipments function

and change timely. Set main firefighting water hose in the project lot, distribute it in a

ring, the branch pipes are independent. If one branch pipe is damaged for fire, the

main firefighting pipe can ensure that there is still enough water; set fire extinguisher

in the incinerator workshop, set fire hydrant in the parameter and enough alarm and

escape shall also be set.

The area distribution of the fireproof lot shall be in line with relevant

requirements in Code for Fire Protection Design of Building (GBJ140-1997).

Take relevant lightning protection and explosion-proof measures, and the

design is in line with requirements in Design Code for Protection of Structures

Against Lightning (GB50057-2000) and General Rules for Designing the Production

Facilities in Accordance with Safety and Health Requirements (GB5083-1985).

Incineration workshop, transformer room, coal warehouse shall be designed in

accordance with fireproof rating 1, other construction (structure) shall be no lower

than rating 2; The building fireproof rating shall not be lower than rating 2 when coal

initiation ignition and auxiliary burning is applied in incinerator. The buildings

mentioned above shall be isolated from other rooms by a fireproof wall.

(2) Anti-leakage Measures

Leakage is one of the accident sources of the environmental risks of this project,

the main measures to prevent material leakage are:

Globe valve and pumping system must be installed on clean sewage pipe (storm

sewer), pumping system connected to the sewage treatment station of this project.

Make the operation procedures stricter, especially the filling ratio of the tank

trough. Formulate a reliable equipment check and maintenance plan to prevent

accidents caused by improper equipment maintenance.

Where the poisonous gas and flammable gas may leak, set poisonous gas or



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flammable gas inspection in accordance with the standard, to test the poisonous gas

concentration in the operation environment at any time, and set a gas alarm plate in

the control room and lead the signal into the DCS system so as to take necessary

measures.

Strengthen inspection during operation. Establish such normative management

institutions as the evaluation, approval, operation, monitor, rescue, Contingency

procedures, accident report, etc.

(3) Establish and Perfect Safe Environment Management System.

A special department responsible for safety management shall be set. Its main

responsibilities are fully responsible for the safe production of the whole factory,

follow safe production law, regulations, enhance safe production management,

establish and perfect safe environment management responsibility system, implement

management staff and fund, perfect safe production conditions to assure safe

production.

Coordinate with relevant authorities and design and construction unites to

strictly follow the “3 same time” at the design, construction and acceptance, etc. of the

project.

Take corresponding prevention measures against possible unsafe measures to

wipe out accident potentials. Should there be any accident, effective measures must be

taken to lower the damage caused by accidents and environmental pollution.

In accordance with the requirements of Regulations on Enterprise Staff Labor

Safety, Health, Education Management (No. 405 Ministry of Labor Issue [1995]), we

should establish a periodical safety education training evaluation system to

continuously improve production, management staff’s safe operation skill and

self-protection awareness.

Enhance the monitor, check, periodical maintenance of the equipment to assure

that the equipments and devices are in good state. As to the accidents occurred or near

misses, malfunctions, abnormal process conditions, wrong operation, etc. we should

make a meticulous record and analyze the causes thoroughly, and find out correction

measures. Collect, analyze the related cases both at home and abroad, compare the

specific conditions of the projects to enhance effective measures on such aspects as

safety technology, management to avoid the occurrence of similar accidents.

Record and analyze various kinds of inspection goals and leakage points and

check points. Treat and correct the unsafe factors timely.


278

Formulate an contingency plan and link it with regional contingency plan, try

our best to use social assistance to minimize loss and environmental pollution.

10.7 Formulation of Accident Contingency Plan

Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Limited has made the

Summary of Accident Contingency Plan during the operation of current project, which

targets the Waste-to-Energy Project accident risk and comes up with countermeasures

and Vein Industrial Park joint-action program.

10.7.1 Purposes of Formulating Risk Accident Contingency Plan

The purpose of formulating risk accident contingency plan is to make the most of

the plan at the fastest speed, organize orderly rescue to control the accident and lower

its damage and the loss it causes when the accident occurs.

10.7.2 Basic Requirements of Risk Accident Contingency Plan

Basic requirements of risk accident contingency plan are: scientific, pragmatic

and authoritative. Risk accident Contingency rescue work is a very scientific work,

we must conduct scientific analysis and argument to make a strict, unified, complete

contingency plan; the plan shall be in line with the actual conditions of the project, it

is characterized by being pragmatic, simple, easy to grasp, etc; it shall also make clear

the responsibilities, authority limit, task, work standard, reward and punishment, etc.

to make it an institution of our company to ensure that it is authoritative.

10.7.3 Environmental Risk Contingency Institution Setting and

Responsibilities

Targeting possible environmental risks, we should set up a leadership group for

Contingency rescue under accident conditions (it is suggested that the HSE group

takes this responsibility). The leadership group for Contingency rescue is a permanent

organ that is set up by our company to prevent and tackle various kinds of sudden

accidents, whose man responsibilities are:

(1) Prepare and modify accident contingency rescue plan.

(2) Organize and establish the rescue team and organize training and exercises.

(3) Check how the safety work is implemented.


279

(4) Check and urge the prevention measures of major accidents and preparation

of contingency rescue.

(5) Issue and cancel orders in the contingency actions.

(6) Responsible for reporting the accident to the upper governmental organs and

neighboring institutions and the residents nearby.

(7) Responsible for investigating the causes of accident, tackle accident in a

proper way and summarizing the lessons.

10.7.4 Procedures for Tackling Risk Accidents

There shall be a complete procedure diagram for tackling the project risk

accident. Should be there be any contingency accident, we must follow the risk

accidents tackling procedure diagram to tackle it. The basic structure chart of

company risk accident contingency organization system is as Fig. 10.7-1, which shall

be perfected in accordance with the actual conditions of the enterprise. See Fig. 10.7-2

for planned structure chart of company risk accident contingency organization.


280

Fig. 10.7-1 Company Risk Accident Contingency Organization System

Structure Chart


281

Fig. 10.7-2 Accident Contingency Organization Structure Chart

10.7.5 Risk Accident Tackling Measures

To effectively tackle risk accident, there should be practical tackling measures.

Project risk accident contingency measures includes: The establishment of such

systems as equipment, accident site commanding, rescue, communication, etc. site

contingency measures plan, accident danger inspection team, site withdrawal and

remedy measures plans, etc.

(1) Establish alarming communication system and accident tackling leadership

system.

(2) Formulate effective accident-tackling contingency plan which shall be

recognized by relevant departments and effectively cooperate with relevant

departments.

(3) Make responsibilities concrete, and make each department and relevant staff.

(4) Formulate an implementation plan by which we can control land reduce

incident impact, its degree and remedy measures.

(5) Oversee site accident management and the process of accident-tackling,

which shall be the responsibility of staff or staff in relevant department who

GovAdministration

CorCommanding

team

CorTechTeamm CorRescueTeam CorLogisticMaterial

team

CorMedicare Team


282

is experienced in accident-tackling.

(6) To improve accident-tackling team’s coordination rescue level and actual

capacity, check contingency comprehensive operation of rescue system,

improve actual capacity, we should carry out contingency rescue exercise.

10.7.6 Risk Accident Contingency Inspection

When waste gas accident occurs, it shall be reported to upper organs immediately,

and upper organs will arrange the accident contingency inspection, in which project

characteristic factors of surrounding sensitive points is paid special attention to

(Dioxin is temporarily not included for its long inspection cycle).

10.7.7 Risk Accident Contingency Plan

The contingency plan of the planned project must be prepared in mean time to

cope with possible contingency risk accidents. Should there be any accident we can

initiate Contingency treatment under full preparation.

The risk accident contingency plan includes: the classification of contingency

state, contingency plan area and accident grade, contingency protection, Contingency

medical treatment, etc. So the followings shall be included in the risk accident

contingency plan:

Table 10.7-3 Key Points of Sudden Environmental Risk Accident

Contingency Plan

S/N Item Content and Requirements

1 Contingency Plan Lot Risk Target: Environmental protection

2 Contingency Organ, Personnel Factory, regional contingency organs, personnel

3 Plan Graded Response

Conditions

Formulate the grade of plans and graded response

procedures. In accordance with controllability, severity and

range of impact, stick to the principle of “company self-rescue, the seat plays major part”, when it exceeds

company’ capacity in the contingency plan, shall require upper contingency plan initiated in time

4 Contingency Rescue Support Contingency devices, equipments, etc.

5 Alarm and Communication,

Contact Way

Formulate the alarm and report-to-police way, notification

way, control under contingency situations,


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6

Contingency Environmental

Inspection, Disaster-relief,

Rescue and Control Measures

A professional team will be responsible for the supervision

and inspection on site, evaluate accident property, parameter

and consequence, to provide decision-making reference for

the commanding department

7

Contingency Inspection,

Protection Measures,

Leakage-removal Measures and

Equipment

Accident site, nearby area, control firefighting area, control

and removal pollution measures and corresponding

equipment

8

Personnel Withdrawal,

Evacuation, Contingency Dosage

control, Withdrawal

Organization Plan

Poison contingency dosage regulation on people in accident

site, factory nearby area, the and accident affected zones,

withdraw organization plan and rescue, medical care and

public health

9

Accident Contingency Rescue

Closure Procedure and Recovery

Measures

Formulate contingency state ending procedures

Accident site remedy, recovery measures

Nearby area accident alarm removal measures and remedy,

recovery measures.

10 Contingency Training Plan After the formulation of contingency plan, arrange

personnel training and exercises in mean time.

11 Public Education and

Information

Conduct public education, training and release relevant

information in the areas near our factory

12 Record and Report

Set a special record for contingency accident, set up file and

special report system, set up a special department for

management

13 Attachments Preparation and formulation of attachments related to

contingency accidents.

10.8 Contingency Prevention of the Expansion Project and Its

Contingency Plan

Our company has formulated effective accident risk prevention measures and a

series of practical and feasible contingency plan during the operation of the project

Phase I, II, see 10.6, 10.7 for details.

Combine with risk prevention measures and contingency plan during Phase I, II,

we will systematically connect this project with current project risk prevention

measures to effectively cope with accidents and maximally reduce harm to human

health and environment by flue gas excessive discharge, waste water And dangerous

waste constituent leakage to air soil or waters due to fire, explosion or other sudden

and non-sudden incidents. As to different grades of risk accident, we have different

response plan, which has built a joint-action mechanism together with current project,

vein industrial park, etc.


284

Should the risk accident be severe, which severely impacts the environmental

interests of third party institution and the populace, and cause severe environmental

impact which need to be reported to upper leaders by the person takes full

responsibilities of the contingency team, and the upper leader will immediately inform

Suzhou Environmental Contingency and Accident Investigation and Suzhou

Administration Center for Solid Waste,. They will arrange the specific contingency

rescue to lessen its impact on the environment. The member of contingency team will

do the reserve job of the accident site to prevent it from enlarging and solve the

remedy problem of the participants.

10.9 Summary of Risk Assessment

Based on accident risk analysis and calculation, the maximum credible accident

is the accident discharge and odor accident discharge when the accessory of the

incinerator-the semi-dry flue gas treatment devices doesn’t reach its normal treatment

efficiency.

Under abnormal working conditions, regular waste gas PM10, HCl, dioxin

discharge contributes more to ground hourly concentration than normal working

conditions. The maximum HCl, dioxin ground hourly concentration caused by regular

waste gas discharge, after it is overlaid with this bottom, still meets corresponding

requirements of environmental quality standard; but as to PM10, and it still fails to

meet the standard. Maximum HCl, dioxin ground hourly concentration of various

sensitive points in the evaluation range contributes more than normal working

conditions, but when it is overlaid with this bottom, it still meets corresponding

requirements of environmental quality standard. So the impact of dioxin under

accident state and from the aspects of human health, it is still acceptable.

When the boiler shuts down or is in maintenance, the garbage pit shall be sealed,

and the odor discharged to the atmosphere after it is cleaned by activated charcoal

waste gas treatment devices, and the discharge amount of odor is little under accident

state and its impact on the circumstance little.

So when the conditions that inspection enhanced, risk control measures

established and practical contingency plan made, the environmental risk of this

project is still acceptable.


285

11 Emission Control

In accordance with such national, provincial regulation as Administration Rules

on Construction Environment, Interim Provisions on the Control of Total Amount of

Discharged Pollutants of Jiangsu Province (Order No. 83 by the provincial

government), Circular of Issuing the Review Management Measures of Regional

Balance Plan of the Total Discharge Amount of Main Pollutants of Construction

Project in Jiangsu Province (Jiangsu Environment Office No. 71, 2011), pollutant

emission control must be carried out, and pollution quota in Jiangsu’s newly built,

expanded and reconstructed construction projects, after they got them can they

construct and produce. This emission control analysis provides basis for the

application of discharge quota by analyzing the total discharge amount of the main

pollutants of this project, checking project emission control indexes.

11.1 Emission Control Factors

In accordance with total emission control requirements of Jiangsu Province and

combined with project construction and pollutant discharge characteristics, the total

emission control factor by the assessment is:

Waste Air Pollutants: SO2, NOx.

Water Pollutants: CODCr, NH3-N。

Other factors (dust, dioxin, HCl, HF, Hg, Cd, Pb, CO, BOD5, SS, TP, etc.) will

be the evaluation quotas.

11.2 Emission Application

See Table 11.2-1 for the total emission of pollutants of this project.

Table 11.2-1 Emission Application of This Project Unit: t/a

Categories Name Discharge

Amount

This project

Carry-the-old-with-the-new

Reduction Amount

Takeover

Amount

of whole

Factory

Discharge

Amount

Approved

Amount Amount of

Generation

Amount

of

Cutting

(or

Amount

of

Amount

of

Discharge


286

Disposal)

Waste

Water

Amount

of Waste

Water 227,772 258,408 255,744 2,664 218,448 11,988

11,988

104,590*

COD 113.89 4,478.27 4,477.20 1.07 109.22 5.73 0.60 89.96*

BOD5 68.33 1,540.78 1,540.24 0.53 65.53 3.33 0.12

SS 91.11 387.35 386.95 0.40 87.38 4.13 0.12 37.17*

NH3-N 7.97 255.97 255.88 0.09 7.65 0.42 0.06 3.5*

TP 1.82 31.60 31.59 0.01 1.75 0.09 0.01

Waste Gas

dust 38.08 16368 16,351.63 16.37 14.5 39.95 48.21

SO2 18.17 109.12 92.75 16.37 1 33.54 247

NOX 362.3 589.25 294.63 294.62 0 656.92 694.1

HCl 10.91 208.69 200.34 8.35 2.35 16.91 19.29

HF 2.02 16.37 14.73 1.64 0 3.66

CO 79.60 81.84 0 81.84 0 161.44

Pb 0.11 8.18 7.36 0.82 0 0.93

Hg 0.006 0.82 0.74 0.08 0 0.086

Cd 0.004 0.82 0.74 0.08 0 0.084

Dioxin 0.19g/a - - 0.1637g/a 0 0.3537g/a 0.3855g/a

Solid

Waste

Industrial

Solid

Waste

0 137,922 137,922 0 0

0

Domestic

Solid

Waste

0 10.2 10.2 0 0

0

Remarks: in the original environmental assessment report and its approval, leachate liquid will be sent to the leachate

liquid treatment plant at Qizishan landfill, so leachate discharge volume is not included in current project waste water

volume and approved total waste water volume.

11.3 Emission Balance Plan

Phase III project will ensure that there will be no new waste gas pollutant and

waste water pollutant emission cut via carry-the-old-with-the-new reduction, which

will be balanced in current approved total emission.

Properly treat the industrial solid waste and general waste to realize solid waste

zero discharge, no need to apply for total emission.


287

12 Public Participation

12.1 Purpose of Public Participation

The construction of any project will have favorable or unfavorable impact on the

surrounding natural and social environment which will directly or indirectly affect

public interests of neighborhood areas. The public will have different attitudes from

respective interests. “Public Participation” of environmental impact assessment is to

have public survey during the environmental impact assessment which is to

understand the attitude and viewpoint of various circles to engineering construction.

The purpose of public participation in the environmental assessment: Understand

the viewpoint and attitude of surrounding public to the project construction and

understand the impact scope of the project to society, economy and environment to

make environment impact assessment democratization and publicity.

12.2 Principles of Public Participation

According to the document spirit of Interim Provisions for Environment Impact

Assessment Public Participation (Environment Development 2006 [No. 28] and the

characteristics of the project, the following principles are determined:

Reflect the right to know of the public for important events of social

development and economic construction, protect the interest of general public, and

strengthen the public’s participation awareness of environmental protection.

Through the on-site investigation, the public will know the production and

operation condition and the implementation of environmental protection measures

after the refuse incineration power pant is established including beneficial and

harmful impact, long-term and short-term impact and if the impact can be accepted or

not - widely and conveniently.

Comprehensively reflect the attitude of the public to the environmental, local

economic construction and community life impacts caused by the project.

The object of public participation should be typical, true and extensive with

public participation style-equality.

The project is a waste incineration power plant with great sensitivity, so we focus


288

on investigating the resident representatives’ opinions of the project in the assessment

scope.

12.3 Methods of Public Participation

There are many ways for public participation. Public participation in the

environmental assessment adopts online notice, newspaper notice and public

participation questionnaire and public hearings, and the investigation is combined by

representativeness and randomness. “Public Participation Questionnaire” chooses the

most significant and sensitive questions to the public relation and answers questions

mainly by ticking “√” for the public’s convenience and textually describes if

necessary.

12.4 Result Analysis of Public Participation Questionnaire

Issued

12.4.1 Investigation Methods and Principles

Public participation of the environmental impact assessment adopts the style of

questionnaire and the investigation is combined by representativeness and randomness.

In the questionnaire design, we choose the most significant and sensitive questions to

the public relation and answer questions mainly by ticking “√” for the public’s

convenience. See Table 12.4-1 for the questionnaire.

Table 12.4-1 Questionnaire of Public Participation in Environmental

Protection Construction Project

Project

Name

Waste-to-Energy Project Phase III,

Everbright Environmental Energy

(Suzhou) Limited

Construction

Site North Side of Qizi Col, Suzhou City


289

Project Introduction:

To comprehensively utilize resources to a minimum, reduce the environmental pollution,

further improve environmental carrying capacity of Suzhou and achieve fast, healthy and

sustainable development, under the strongly support of local government, Everbright

EnvironmentalProtection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. decides to use reserve land and

surrounding more than 50 acres idle land, invest RMB 0.75 billion and have “4×500t/d

incinerator + 2×20MW turbo generator unit” construction of third-phase extension engineering

based on the successful operation of first and second-phase engineering of Waste-to-Energy

Project.

“3×350t/d incineration and waste heat generating project” of first-phase engineering built

by Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. on the north side of

Qizishan Col in Suzhou City was put into production formally in July, 2006 and “2×500t/d

incinerator + 20MW turbo generator unit” were put into production formally in May, 2009. The

acceptance data shows that the incinerator outlet waste gas and smoke dust, sulfur dioxide,

nitric oxide, HCl, carbon monoxide, Hg, Cd and Pb all meet the secondary standard of

Pollution Control on the Household Garbage Incineration (GB18485-2001), dioxins emission

can reach the EU standards and fluorides meet the Table 2 secondary standards of Air Pollutant

Emission Standards (GB16297-1996). Boundary particulate matter, ammonia, hydrogen

sulphide and odor concentration fugitive discharge concentration all meet the standard

requirements.

Main equipment of third-phase expansion engineering still adopts Belgium Seghers

incinerator, the tail gas adopts the handling style of “Semi-dry reaction tower + SCR denitration

+ activated carbon + bag-type dust collector” and the dioxin emission in the smoke implements

EU II standards. Odor gas is handled with negative pressure. The drainage of the project adopts

sewage separation system, a small emission of leachate is sprayed to the incinerator and the

other is adapted after the treatment of leachate treatment station. The slag is comprehensive

utilized and the fly ash is safely disposed in the landfill site of hazardous waste which will not

cause secondary pollution.

Situation of Investigated Person Unit Situation of Investigated Person

Name Gender Unit Name

Age Occupation Size Main

Product

Phone

Number

Education

Degree

Nature Competent

Department

Home

Address

City (County) Country

(Street)

Unit Address City (County) Country

(Street)

1. Whether you are satisfied with current situation of environmental quality (Please specify the reason if


290

unsatisfied)

A Very Satisfied B Quite Satisfied C Unsatisfied D Very Unsatisfied

2. Whether you know/understand the proposed project in this district

A Do not Understand B Know a Little C Very Clear

3. How do you understand the project information

A Television, Broadcast B Newspaper C Internet D Folk Information E Others

4 According to what you already know, the project causes damage/impact to the environmental quality

A Serious B Quite Big C Ordinary D Little E Unclear

5. Do you think what kind of environmental problem will be caused by the project

A Atmospheric Environment B Water Environment C Solid Waste D Unclear

6., From environmental protection perspective, what kind of attitude do you hold about the project and

briefly explain why:

ASupport B Against

7. What do you suggest and require about the environmental protection in the project

12.4.2 Participants

Totally 110 questionnaires are distributed in the research and 104 effective ones

are returned (Rate of return is 94.5%). The age range of investigated persons:

Residents and workers around the proposed project site, age scope 21-71, male 64,

female 40. The participants all accept primary education and the occupations include

farmer, worker, teacher and doctor. The statistics of participants can be seen in Table

12.4-2 and the details of investigated object can be seen in Table 12.4-3.

Table 12.4-2 Participant Information Table

Item Person-time

Percentage of

the Total

(%)

Item Person-time

Percentage

of the Total

(%)

Position

Worker 22 9.0

Age

20-30 30

Farmer 186 76.2 31-40 27

Cadre 7 2.9 41-50 33

Others 29 11.9 51-60 7

Education

Primary

School 36 14.7 61 4

Junior

High

School

108 44.3 Unfilled 3

Senior

High

School

58 23.8

Technical

Secondary

School

8 3.3

Gender

Male

64 61.5

University 6 2.4 Female 40 38.5

Vacancy 28 11.5


291

Table 12.4-3 Basic Information of Participants

S/N Name Gender Age Home or Unit Address Contact Phone Attitude about

the Project

1 Zhou

Chunhua Male

32

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13962100462

Support

2 Yu

Yongfang Female

37

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13814812355

Support

3 Wei

Xiaolei Male

24

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13915543473

Support

4 Wu Wei Male

30

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 66262427

Support

5 Chen Wei Male

46

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

6 Sun

Quanlin Male

53

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 15050131275

Support

7 Wang

Benli Male

63

Yaofeng Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 6629153

Support

8 Zhu

Yingling Female

39


Town, Wuzhong

County 66517729

Support

9 Cai

Wenqing Female

37


Town, Wuzhong

County 15150429469

Support

10 Chen

Peipei Male

60


Town, Wuzhong

County 66262025

Support

11

Zhang

Yongshen

g

Male

67


Town, Wuzhong

County 66515769

Support

12 Liu Ping Male

33


Town, Wuzhong

County 13862598372

Support

13 Qiu

Leibin Male

35


Town, Wuzhong

County 13806200816

Support

14 Xu Cheng Male

46

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 66573851

Support

15 Wang

Yongyuan Male

37


Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

16 Yang Lin Female 44 High-tech Zone 68092192 Support

17 Zhou

Chunhua Male

32

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13962100462

Support

18 Gao Wei Female 55 High-tech Zone 68786905 Support


292

19 Zhang En Male 48 High-tech Zone 68091496 Support

20 Zhang

Lijun Female

47 High-tech Zone

68247000 Support

21 Yang

Guocheng Male

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

22 Yu

Changbao Male

53

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

23 Shen

Xueyuan Male

46

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13912708324

Support

24 Zhu Min Female 28 Wuzhong 13915558395 Support

25 Li Bin Male

26

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

26 Wang

Qiang Male

26

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

27 Wu

Chunhua Male

34

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

28 Zhang

Chun fang Female

35


Town, Wuzhong

County 66361722

Support

29 Yan

Minjuan Female

35


Town, Wuzhong

County 66369536

Support

30 Chen Bin Female 41 Wuzhong 66596370 Support

31 Zhao

Luhua Female

30 Wuzhong

Support

32 Zhao

Yunfeng Male

25 Wuzhong

13862090972 Support

33 Sun Zhe Female 23 Wuzhong 13375199312 Support

34 Xie

Bentong Male

24


Town, Wuzhong

County 13306137058

Support

35 Le Yu Male

23


Town, Wuzhong

County 18913195930

Support

36 Wang Mei Male

26


Town, Wuzhong

County 13306133822

Support

37 Han

Yingying Female

41


Town, Wuzhong

County 6659397

Support

38 Tang

Zhiyu Female

24


Town, Wuzhong

County 66262100

Support

39 Zhang

Lingling Female

23


Town, Wuzhong

County 66262100

Support

40 Zhu

Weifang Female

42

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support


293

41 Li Zhu Female

49

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

42 Jin Fagen Male

46

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

43 Chen

Huiyun Female

44

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

44 Xu

Guihua Female

41

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

45 Chen

Shiying Male

44

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

46 Qian

Yulong Male

51

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

47 Yu Wei Male

43

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13406002231

Support

48 Zhu

Jianying Female

40

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

49 Qian

Caiyuan Female

49

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 15050110124

Support

50 Meng

Lanmei Female

46

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 66266051

Support

51 Yu

Fuyuan Male

41 Wuzhong District

66211741 Support

52 Pan Wei Male

40

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 66264987

Support

53 Qian

Jianguo Male

47

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

54 Wang

Xiaosheng Male

51

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

55 Zhang

Wen Male

49

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

56 Wang

Wenhua Male

37

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

57 Yu

Dangfeng Male

57

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

58 Wu

Peiying Male

48

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

59 Wang

Zhefa Female

40


Town, Wuzhong

County 66793382

Support


294

60 Wang

Wenjun Female

46 Wuzhong District

66793382 Support

61 Chen

Caihua Male

24


Town, Wuzhong

County 33793316

Support

62 Gao

Xixiang Male

26

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 66793316

Support

63 Wang

Jiaqi Male

26

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

64 Gao Hong Female 26 Qingkou, Wuzhong 66793316 Support

65 Qian Li Male

26

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

66 Wu

Xiaoming Male

27

Mudu Town, Wuzhong

County 66793316 Support

67 Jin

Mingfang Male

49

Mudu Town, Wuzhong

County Support

68 Ma

Xuedong Female

43

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13862006278

Support

69 Zhu Wei Female 26

Mudu Town, Wuzhong

County Support

70 Chen

Chen Female

23

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 15995430630

Support

71 Xu

Yanhua Female

24

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 15151717650

Support

72 Pan

Shuiyuan Male

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

73 Chen Xin Male

47

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13912779928

Support

74 Yang

Yayun Female

22

Yan Chai Nursing

Home 15950014852 Support

75 Zhang

Qinna Female

23

Yan Chai Nursing


76 Zhang

Jinjin Female

26

Yan Chai Nursing


77 Meng Pan Female 23

Yan Chai Nursing


78 Wang Mei Female 25

Yan Chai Nursing


79 Kang

Wenhua Male

45

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13862564385

Support

80 Qian

Hailin Male

47

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13962525881

Support

81 Song

Fugen Male

50

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

82 Shu Male 53 Gusu Village, Mudu Support


295

Fuyuan Town, Wuzhong

County

83 Sheng

Hongxing Male

35

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

84 Fei

Canlan Male

49

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

85 Zhao Fei Male

35

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

86 Chen

Jianchun Male

47

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

87 Yang

Yuezhen Female

47

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13814857500

Support

88 Xu

Shuimei Female

71

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

89 Wei

Jiangang Male

33

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

90 Chen

Guohua Male

40

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

91 Wang

Shuicai Male

65

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13506201657

Support

92 Wang

Aiguo Male

55

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13862058011

Support

93 Rui

Huogen Male

50

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

94 Lu

Yunwei Male

55

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

95 Ye Yinling Female

57

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

96 Chen

Yongyuan Male

41

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

97 Rui

Yufang Female

33

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

98 Qian Bin Male

26

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

99 Tang

Xiaoyan Female

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

100 Wang

Jialin Male

47

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 15195683185

Support


296

101 Rui

Huoyuan Male

44

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County

Support

102 Zhang

Haojie Male

17

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 13814872932

Support

103 Lu Jinfang Female

46

Gusu Village, Mudu

Town, Wuzhong

County 66266120

Support

104 Liu Lin Female

41


Town, Wuzhong

County 66793382

Support

12.4.3 Investigation Results

The public investigation results can be seen in Table 12.4-4.

Table 12.4-4 Statistic of Public Investigation Results

Statistic of Options, Number and Ratio

1. Are you satisfied

with the current

situation of

environmental

quality?

A. Very Satisfied B. Satisfied C. Unsatisfied D. Very

Unsatisfied

35/33.6% 61/58.7% 8/7.7%

2. Do you

know/understand the

proposed project in

this district?

A. Do not

Understand B. Know a Little C. Very Clear

3/2.9% 99/95% 2/1.9%

3. How do you

understand the

project

information?

A. Television,

Broadcast

B.

Newspaper

C.

Internet

D. Folk

Information E. Others

5/4.8% 40/38% 52/50% 41/39% 1/1%

4. According to

what you already

know, the project

causes

damage/impact to

the environmental

quality

A. Serious B. Big C.

Ordinary D. Little E. Unclear

2/1.9% 17/16% 52/50% 28/27% 5/4.8%

5. Do you think

what kind of

environmental

problem will be

caused by the

project?

A. Atmospheric

Environment

B. Water

Environment C. Solid Waste D. Unclear

69/66% 12/12% 14/13% 9/8.7%

6. From

environmental

protection

perspective, what

kind of attitude do

you hold about the

project and briefly

explain why:

A. Support B. Oppose

100/100%

And:


297

The satisfaction of public to the current situation of environmental quality of

proposed project site

35 of investigated public (33.6%) are very satisfied with the current situation of

environmental quality of proposed project site, 61 of investigated public (58.7%) are

quite satisfied with the current situation of environmental quality of proposed project

site and 8 of investigated public (7.7%) are not satisfied with the current situation.

Understanding of Public to the Project

101 of investigated public (96.9%) say that they know clearly or a little about the

construction of the project and 3 of investigated public (2.9%) say that they know

little about the construction of the project. 4 of investigated public (4.8%) know

something about the project from television and broadcast, 40 of investigated public

(38%) know the project from the newspaper, 52 of investigated public (50%) know

the project from Internet and 41 of investigated public (39%) know the project from

folk information. Through the public participation investigation, the openness of the

project is further expanded.

Damage/impact of the project to the environmental quality

When being asked with “Damage/impact of the project to the environmental

quality”, 2 of investigated public (1.9%) think that damage/impact is “serious”; 17 of

investigated public (16%) think that damage/impact is “quite great”; 52 of

investigated public (50%) think that damage/impact is “ordinary”; 28 of investigated

public (27%) think that damage/impact is “little”; 5 of investigated public (4.8%) say

with an unclear attitude.

What kind of environmental problem will be caused by the project?

When being ask with “What kind of environmental problem will be caused by

the project”, 69 residents (66%) say “Atmospheric environment”, 12 residents (12%)

say “Water environment”, 14 residents (13%) say “Solid Waste” and 5 residents

(4.8%) choose “Unclear”.

Overall attitude to the project

Investigated residents all support the project with no objection.

Opinions and suggestions of public to the environmental protection of the project

The investigation shows that many public propose that environmental protection

approval authority shall examine and approve strictly according to the relevant

regulations; reduce the pollution discharge and strengthen the supervision of

environmental protection facilities; have financial assurance of environmental


298

protection treatment; implement “Three-Meanwhile” regulation strictly and manage

the three wastes seriously to guarantee standard discharge with high starting point and

requirements and the environmental protection authority shall have inspection and

supervision regularly, and strengthen the management.

12.5 Online Publication Investigation

The construction company has two online publications of the project in

http://wzhbj.gov.cn/ (Environmental Protection Agency website of Wuzhong District,

Suzhou City) and http://nies.org/ (Nanjing Research Institute of Environmental

Science Website of Environment Ministry) between March 21, 2011 and April 1,

2011 and July 4, 2011 to July 18, 2011 for introducing the overview of the project, the

possible environmental impact caused by the environment, environmental protection

measures to be taken and environmental impact assessment conclusion of the project

and asking for opinions and advices of public to the project construction. Currently,

the public feedback opinions to the online publication have not been received. And

the detail of online publication can be seen in the attachments.

12.6 Participating Hearing of the public

According to the Circular of Further Normalizing Public Participation and

Hearing System in Environmental Assessment of Planning and Construction (Jiangsu

Environment Office [2011] No. 173), the hearing announcement is published by the

construction unit (Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Limited.) in

the Suzhou Daily on June 18, 2011. During the open enrollment, 136 application

forms are received, and 18 of them are selected as hearing representatives and 19 of

them are selected as audit representatives. They attend the environmental impact

assessment public participation hearing of the third-phase expansion project hold in

book collection club of Mudu Town on July 8, 2011. The representatives were from

Gusu Village, Yaofeng Village, Fenghuang Cemetery, Xujiang City, surrounding

enterprises and institutions, Mudu Town government and City Municipality and

Appearance Bureau.

The representatives proposed the environmental protection of public concern

after the representatives listened to the project overview and environment impact

introduced by construction unit and environment assessment unit. Construction unit,


299

environment assessment unit and relevant experts answered all the questions and

reported the sensitive problems with special attention such as dioxin and odor to the

public. The representatives participating the meeting all supported the third-phase

expansion project construction.

12.7 Grievance Redress Mechanism

Suzhou III Project has established an online monitoring system to make sure all

environmental data comply with the national and regional laws and regulations.

Monitor many relevant parameters such as concentration of flue dust (particulates),

SO2, NOx and CO, flue gas flow rate, temperature, humidity and oxygen content, etc,

and record the discharge rate and total discharge amount ,etc. Suzhou Environment &

Municipal Administration Bureau and Solid Waste Management Bureau are in charge

of supervision. If there is excessive discharge or pollution accident, Suzhou

Environmental Protection Bureau and Construction Bureau will conduct investigation.

Local citizen will directly make complaint to local government.

Hold meeting with environmental protection bureau and surrounding villages and

citizens. Set up complaint call: 0512-66562298.

Public survey during the environmental impact assessment has been carried out.

There are many ways for public participation. Public participation in the

environmental assessment adopts online notice, newspaper notice and public

participation questionnaire and public hearings, and the investigation is combined by

representativeness and randomness. Set up complaint call: 0512-66561183.

At construction phase of project, strengthen the environmental protection

awareness, eliminate the illegal acts, implement different environmental protection

management measures, strengthen environmental management and reduce the impact

to the surrounding environment. The environmental protection administrative

department will strengthen the supervision, guarantee the project operation according

to the design principles and implement different environmental protection measures.

Set up complaint call: 0512-66568033.

When any dispute arises from project construction and operation, public may file

an appeal with competent authorities. Assigned person will responsible for record and

documents file. Authority, Project Company, local citizen and the complainants will

implement on-site inspect. Related to the complaint from Environmental Protection


300

Bureau, Project Company will cooperate with local authorities on supervision and

inspection. The results and amend must report to the relevant departments and

publics.

12.8 Investigation Conclusion of Public Participation

(1) According to the regulations of Interim Provisions for Environment Impact

Assessment Public Participationt, the public participation takes fair as the principle

and the public participation forms are mainly online publication, newspaper

publication, issuing public participation questionnaire and holding public participation

hearing.

(2) The investigation result of public participation shows that all the investigated

residents all support the project without objection. Some residents proposed a few

requirements and suggestions. After the collection, the project shall prepare for the

pollution prevention measures with high standards, guarantee standard discharge and

reduce the pollutant discharge and the surrounding environment impact; require the

approval department to examine and approve strictly and strengthen the daily

supervision management. The public require that environmental protection approval

department shall examine and approve strictly according to the national relevant

regulations; reduce the pollution discharge and strengthen the supervision of

environmental protection facilities; have financial assurance of environmental

protection treatment; implement “Three-at-the-same-time” regulation strictly and

manage the three wastes seriously to guarantee standard discharge with high starting

point and requirements; after the project is put into production, environmental

protection department shall examine regularly, supervise and strengthen the

management. The construction unit will adopt the proposed suggestions by public,

strengthen the environmental protection awareness, implement different

environmental protection management measures, strengthen the environmental

management and reduce the impact to the surrounding environment as much as we

can.

(3) Attitude about Construction Unit: Through different forms of public

participation, the construction unit attaches great importance to the public opinions.

The construction unit explains the proposed opinions by pubic, adopts some opinions

and explains the reason for unused opinions. And they will strengthen the


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environmental protection awareness, eliminate the illegal acts, implement different

environmental protection management measures, strengthen environmental

management and reduce the impact to the surrounding environment as much as we

can. The environmental protection administrative department says that they will

strengthen the supervision, guarantee the project operation according to the design

principles and implement different environmental protection measures.


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13 Feasible Analysis of Site Selection

13.1 Consistency Analysis to Urban Planning

(1) Urban Overall Planning

In the Suzhou Urban Master Plan (2007~2020), the Qizishan waste treatment

plant will still be used explicitly and the expansion feasibility is considered.

The construction project is located in the Qizishan area, Mudu Town, Wuzhong

District, Suzhou City. The area is planned as “U 42: Excrement and waste treatment

land” in the Mudu Town Planning of Wuzhong District attached to the Suzhou Urban

Master Plan (2007~2020).

(2) Suzhou Everbright National Venous Industry Park Planning

According to Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene[2007] No.

71, environmental protection and planning feasibility of Qizishan waste landfill layout,

change of domestic waste treatment from single landfill to the combination of

incineration power plant and landfill and the construction of Everbright

Environmental Protection Industry Park are affirmed. Around the future trend of large

urban area (District 7), higher requirements are proposed for the follow-up expansion

of domestic waste treatment in the Everbright Environmental Protection Venous

Industry Park; strengthen the enterprise environmental administration of surrounding

areas of Qizishan, improve the surrounding environment, ensure the environmental

protection industry park to be built as top level and guarantee the environmental

quality of surrounding areas. Suzhou Everbright National Venous Industry Park

planning Construction (The planning has not been approved) takes production area as

core, research development zone as technical support, management service zone as

safeguard and environmental protection education base as the window. Everbright

environmental protection incinerator is one of the projects from Everbright

Environmental Protection Venous Industry Park.


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(3) Planning of Xujiang City, Mudu Town, Wuzhong District

Mudu Town, Wuzhong District, Suzhou City is planning to construct Xujiang

City along the Xujiang River (The planning is still in publication phase and has not

been approved) and the site of Everbright environmental protection project in the

planning is sanitation facility site.

In conclusion, the construction of this expansion project is consistent with

regional planning.

13.2 Consistency Analysis to Environmental Sanitation

Professional Planning

According to the Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene

(2006~2020) (Passed the assessment of experts organized by Jiangsu Provincial

Construction Office), we predict that the total of domestic waste in Suzhou City will

be 3,390t/d and 4,740t/d by 2020.

According to the Bulletin on Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution

by Solid Waste of Suzhou City (2009) issued in June, 2010, the total of domestic waste

in Suzhou urban area is 1,554,300 t (about 4,258t/d) which is greatly over the

predicted total 3,390t/d by environmental sanitation planning in 2010.

Currently, waste treatment capacity of first and second phase engineering of

Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Limited is about 2,580 t/d and

the average volume entering into the incinerator is 2,090/d with 20.08% moisture

content is excluded (leachate volume discharged when being stacked in the trash bin)

which is a little over the operation load; first-phase storage capacity 4.7 million cubic

meters of Suzhou Qizishan domestic waste landfill has been filled with waste and 8

million cubic meters storage capacity is newly increased after the vertical stacking is

expanded in 2009.

With the increasing of domestic waste every year, the burden of Qizishan landfill

and Everbright incinerator is more and more heavy and the current waste treatment

facilities can not meet the requirements of social life. Qizishan is the only landfill.


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Once it is filled with waste, the waste solution will be a great problem in Suzhou City

and it cannot find a suitable site as the landfill site in Suzhou City currently.

13.3 Consistency Analysis on Important Environmental

Protection Targets

(1) Consistency of Taihu Lake Water Pollution Prevention and Control

Regulations of Jiangsu Province

According to the Taihu Lake Water Pollution Prevention and Control

Regulations of Jiangsu Province, the nearest straight distance of the project to the east

coast of Taihu Lake is about 7km and it is not belong to the Level I protection zone of

Taihu Lake Basin. The river of water intaking is Xujiang River which is one of the

lake outlet water channels, the west end is connected with Taihu Lake by Mudu

navigation lock and the east end is connected with Jiangnan Canal. After the

concentrated treatment of drainage of the project in the sewage plant of new district, it

is discharged into Jiangnan Canal with meeting the standards. According to the

regulations, Xujiang River and Jiangnan Canal does not belong to the lake inlet water

channels, so the project site does not belong to the Level II protection zone of Taihu

Lake Basin.

According to the above analysis, the project belongs to the Level III protection

zone of Taihu Lake Basin.

(2)Consistency of Regional Planning of Jiangsu Important Ecological Function

Protection Zone

According to the Regional Planning of Jiangsu Important Ecological Function

Protection Zone, important ecological targets in the project assessment range are

Mudu Scenic Spot and Qizishan Ecological Forest. Through the environmental impact

analysis on atmosphere and water and accident risk impact analysis, we can know that

the project has no significant adverse effect for above protection targets.

In conclusion, the project construction is not against the protection requirement

of important environmental protection target.


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13.4 Consistency of Environment Development [2008] No. 82

Regulation

Environment Development [2008] No. 82 regulation proposes relevant

requirements in site selection, equipment mode selection, pollutant control, waste

collection and transportation, environmental protection distance and public

participation for Waste-to-Energy Project. Relevant discussion of the report proposes

measures and requirements around them and now we will list to contrast the

consistency between the project and requirements of Environment Development

[2008] No. 82 regulation. It can be seen in Table 13.4-1.

According to the contrast of Table 12.2-1, the project is in line with the relevant

planning requirements, and the waste heat value and emission can meet the

requirement of the project. Selecting advanced and reliable process and equipment

and adopting feasible pollution control measures can guarantee the discharge

standards of pollutants. Good environmental quality of project site will not reduce the

environmental functions after the establishment of the project. Feasible odor control

measures can minimize the surrounding impact and 300m environmental protection

distance is set for the project. In general, the environmental risk can be accepted.

Public participation result shows that the project has been accepted by most public.

Generally, the project is in line with the requirements of Environment Development

[2008] No. 82 regulations.

Table 13.4-1 Consistency Comparison Table of the Project with [2008] No.

82 Regulations

S/N Document Requirement Implementation

1. Plant Site

Selection

Incineration power is adapted to the economically

developed regions without sanitation landfill that

the average low heat value of waste to the

incinerator is higher than 5,000kj/kg.

The project is located in the Qizishan of

Suzhou City (Economically developed and rare

solid resource); according to the actual

measurement of the project, the low heat value

of waste to the incinerator is about 5,415.7kj/kg

which meets the requirement that the average

low order heat value shall higher than

5,000kj/kg. The project site shall be in line with


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the specific requirement of “Lack of sanitation landfill and economically developed area”.

The site selection must be line with the overall

planning of the city, land using planning and

environmental sanitation special planning (or

concentration disposal planning of city domestic

waste); in line with the site requirements of Code

For Urban Environmental Sanitation Facilities

Planning (GB50337-2003) and Technical Code for Projects of Municipal Household Garbage Incineration (CJJ90-2009).

Apart from the forbidden pollution project sites by

national and local regulations, standards and

policies, the following areas cannot newly build

Waste-to-Energy Projects: (1) Urban build up area;

(2) the area without effective reduction measures

that the environmental quality cannot meet the

requirements; (3) the area that the environmental

protection target of sensitive area cannot meet the

relevant standard requirements.

Planning Consistency: The project

construction is in line with the relevant

contents of Suzhou Urban Master Plan

(2007~2020) and Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene

(2006~2020).

About Land Use: The project is expansion

engineering and the purpose of project site is

municipal utilities land which is in line with the

land use planning. The project site does not

belong to urban build up area.

Environmental Quality and Impact: Generally

the environmental quality is good in the project

site and it will not case the environmental

function reduction of surrounding

environmental sensitive target under the

condition that different pollution control

measures are ready during the operation period.

It is in line with the site selection

requirement of GB50377-2003, CJJ90-2009.

2. Technology

and

Equipment

The incineration equipment shall be in line with the

main indicators and technical requirements of waste

solid incineration equipment in Current National

Focus on Encouraging and Development

Environmental Industry Equipment (Products)

Catalogue (2007)

(1)Apart from the combustion conventional fuel

quality of Waste-to-Energy Project by fluidzed bed

incinerator shall be controlled less than 20% of the

total emission into the incinerator, the

Waste-to-Energy Project with the other incinerator

cannot be burned with coal. It must be equipped

with device of waste and raw coal feed-in record.

(2) Adopting advanced and mature technology and

equipment from foreign countries, synchronous

introducing mating environmental protection

technology and on this premise of meeting the

national discharge standard, its pollutant discharge

limit shall meet the design and operation value of

mating pollution control facility of introduced

equipment.

(3)Waste-to-Energy Project shall first select heat

supply unit in the city or region with industrial heat

load and heating heat load to increase

environmental protection and social benefit.

Equipment Mode Selection and Pollutant

Discharge: The project selects mature and

reliable mechanical reciprocating fire grate

incinerator incinerating process. According to

the current relevant monitoring data of

engineering, the pollutant discharge can meet

the national discharge standard.

Heat Supply: The surrounding users without

heat in the project. So the condensing unit is

proposed for power generating.


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3. Pollutant

Control

Combustion equipment must meet the “Incinerator technical requirements” regulated in the Standard

for Pollution Control on the household garbage

Incineration (GB18485-2001) to guarantee that the

acid gases such as SO2, NOX and HCl in the smoke

gas and other conventional smoke gas pollutants

can meet the “incinerator atmospheric pollutant discharge limit” requirement of Table 3 in Standard

for Pollution Control on the household garbage

Incineration (GB18485-2001).

The project dioxin discharge concentration shall

execute the EU standard (0.1TEQng/m3

in current

phase); denitration device shall be equipped when

the Waste-to-Energy Project is constructed in big

cities or an area with special control requirement to

nitric oxide and the other areas shall reserve space

of deprivation of nitric oxide; smoke gas

automatically successive monitoring device shall be

installed.

Propose requirement to auxiliary judgement

measures of dioxin, have monitoring to combustion

temperature in the incinerator, CO and oxygen

content, have networking with local environmental

protection department and measure the activated

carbon consumption.

The incineration equipment adopted by the

project shall meet the “incinerator technical requirement” regulated in the Standard for

Pollution Control on the household garbage

Incineration (GB18485-2001); smoke gas

outlet temperature≥850℃, smoke gas residence

time≥2S, chimney height≥60m. Adopt SNCR

denitration+half dry type reaction tower+dry

deacidification+activated carbon

adsorption+bag-type dust collector and

guarantee that the acid gases such as SO2, NOX

and HCl in the smoke gas and other

conventional smoke gas pollutants can meet the

“incinerator atmospheric pollutant discharge

limit” requirement of Table 3 in Standard for

Pollution Control on the household garbage

Incineration (GB18485-2001).

The project dioxin discharge concentration

executes the EU standard (0.1TEQng/m3

in

current phase); smoke automatically successive

monitoring device is installed in the project.

Have monitoring to combustion temperature

in the incinerator, CO and oxygen content, have

networking with local environmental protection

department and measure the activated carbon

consumption.

The disposal measures of acid and alkaline waste

water, cooling water sewage and other industrial

waste water; waste leachate treatment shall first

consider the spray and the others shall guarantee the

drainage to meet the national and local relevant

discharge standard requirements, waste leachate

accident collection tank with sufficient volume shall

be set; sludge or concentrated solution shall be

incinerated in the plant and cannot be handled after

it is transported outwards.

A small emission of leachate sprays, the other

parts and vehicles, floor flush water is reused

after the leachate treatment station in the plant.

The other industrial water is reused completely.

The domestic sewage connecting pipe.

The project is relying on the leachate

collection system 11,000m3 built by current

engineering as the accident buffer facility.

The sludge produced by sewage treatment

station in the plant is sent to incinerator for

incineration.

Incineration slug and incineration fly ash collected

by dedusting equipment shall be respectively

collected, stored, transported and disposed.

Generally, the incineration slug is industrial solid

waste. The project shall set corresponding magnetic

separation device to separate and recover the metal

for comprehensive utilization, or it shall be stored

and disposed by Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage (GB18599-2001),

incineration fly ash is dangerous waste which shall

be stored and disposed by Standard for Pollution

Control on Hazardous Waste Storage

(GB18597-2001) and Standard for Pollution

Control on Hazardous Waste Storage

(GB18598-2001); it encourages the comprehensive

utilization of incineration fly ash, but the

technology shall guarantee the complete damage of

dioxin and effective fixation which will not cause

secondary pollution during the production and using

of product. After the implementation of Standard

After the solidification of fly ash in the

project, if it is identified to meet the

requirement of entering domestic landfill, it can

be sent to the Qizishan landfill; if it cannot

meet the requirements, it shall be sent to

hazardous waste landfill;

Incineration slug is sent to brickfield for

comprehensive utilization;

The domestic waste of workers in the plant is

disposed in the engineering incineration

system.


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for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage

(GB16889-2007), the disposal of incineration slug

and fly ash can be carried out by the new standard.

Terrible odor control measures: Waste unloading,

waste delivery system and waste storage tank adopt

enclosed design, waste storage tank and waste

delivery system adopt negative pressure operation

mode, waste leachate treatment structures shall be

disposed with coverage and seal. Under abnormal

operation condition, effective deodorization

measures shall be taken.

Waste unloading, waste delivery system and

waste storage tank adopt enclosed design,

waste storage tank and waste delivery system

adopt negative pressure operation mode, waste

leachate treatment structures shall be disposed

with coverage and seal.

Deodorization device is set with biological

activated carbon and the NH3, H2S after can

meet the requirements of Ordor Pollutant

Discharge Standard (GB14554-93).

Under the condition that the plant stops the

incinerator for inspection or has emergency

accident, negative pressure is produced by air

extraction of roofing fan and the extracting air

is discharged through the activated

deodorization device after the deodorization to

guarantee odor leakage prevention during the

inspection period.

4. Waste

Collection,

Transportation

and Storage

Encourage and advocate waste source separate

collection, or subregion collection, the leachate

produced by waste transfer station shall not enter

into the incineration plant for improving waste

receiving heat value.

According to the Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene,

domestic waste can be sorted by combustile

waste, recycling, harmful waste and large

waste; the engineering is not newly added

waste transfer route, form the current waste

collection transfer route.

Waste transit route shall be reasonable, the carrier

vehicle shall be enclosed and have the measure of

preventing the waste leachate from leakage. It shall

adopt waste carrier vehicle with compactor which is

in line with the main indicators and technical

requirements of Current National Focus on

Encouraging and Development Environmental

Industry Equipment (Products) Catalogue (2007);

The waste transit route of the project in the

downtown area is bore by urban road network

with wide road surface and good road

condition. The transit route makes the impact

and scale of waste transit in the project to

sensitive reduce to the bare minimum. Suzhou

environmental sanitation agency is responsible

for carrying the waste transit to the project site.

All the waste transit vehicles adopt

compression enclosed type self-discharging

waste carrier vehicle which is enclosed and

impermeable to prevent the waste leachate

leaking. And there is no water environment

sensitive target such as drinking water source.

Adopt measures of preventing the waste leachate

leaking to waste storage pit, and bottom and walls

of accident collection tank

Impermeable layer is equipped in the waste

storage pit, and bottom and walls of accident

collection tank.

Adopt effective measures to prevent odor pollutants

from escaping.

Dangerous waste shall not be disposed in the

Municipal Solid Waste Waste-to-Energy power

plant.

About Odor Prevention and Control: The

project adopts compression enclosed-type

self-discharging waste carrier vehicle to reduce

the odor emission in the transit; waste storage

pit adopts negative pressure and deodorizer to

reduce the odor emission in the plant.

About dangerous waste entering into the

plant: Strengthen the management and prevent

the dangerous waste from entering into the

waste incinerator from the very beginning.

5.

Environmental

Environmental impact report shall have special

chapters for environmental risk impact and consider

According to the relevant prediction, the dioxin

pollutant in the project increases to the


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Risk the impact of dioxin and odor pollutants.

Accident and risk assessment standard shall be

implemented according to the tolerance acceptable

daily intake of 4pgTEQ/kg in human body and

allowable acceptable intake which enters into

human body by breath shall be implemented

according to the 10% of tolerance intake.

According to the given impact scope by calculation

result, environment risk prevention measures and

emergency response plan is made to prevent the

environment pollution accident from happening.

surrounding environmental impact compared

with normal condition, but it can also meet the

relevant assessment standard requirement that

is shall less than the tolerance acceptable daily

intake of 4pgTEQ/kg in human body and

allowable acceptable intake which enters into

human body by breath shall be implemented

according to the 10% of tolerance intake.

Under accident condition, discharged odor gas

by exhaust funnel after the purification

treatment of activated carbon will have less

impact on the surrounding environment. To

prevent accident and reduce the harm,

construction unit shall make environment risk

prevention measures and emergency response

plan to prevent the environment pollution

accident from happening.

6.

Environmental

Protection

Distance

According to the fugitive emission source

calculation result of produced odor pollutants

(Ammonia, hydrogen sulphide , methyl mercaptan

and odor) and considering the environment risk

assessment conclusion properly, reasonable

environmental protection distance is proposed to be

the control spacing between the project and

surrounding residential area, school and hospital,

and basis of planning control. The environmental

protection distance of renovation and extension

projects shall be over 300m.

According to the prediction and combing the

requirements of Environment Development

[2008] document, the final environmental

protection distance in the project is 400m out of

west boundary, 300m out of east and south

boundaries and 100m out of fly ash

solidification workshop without sensitive

targets such as residents within the scope.

800m protection distance range set by hazard

and waste landfill can contain the protection

distance requirements of Qizishan domestic

waste landfill and Everbright incineration

power plant without sensitive targets such as

residents within the range

7, Total

Volume

Control of

Pollutants

For newly increased pollutant discharge volume in

the project, regional balance plan must be proposed

and total volume indicator source must be indicated

clearly to achieve “Yield increase, pollutant decrease”.

Project waste gas pollutant will not over the

current approved total volume.

8. Public

Participation

The work shall be carried out strictly according to

the Interim Provisions for Environment Impact Assessment Public Participation

(Environment Development [2006] No.28) issued

by State Environmental Protection Administration.

The object of public participation shall include

impacted public representatives, experts,

technicists, basic level governmental organization

and representatives of relevant benefited public.

The openness of public participation shall be

increased and proper forum shall be organized to

have communication between public and relevant

personnel. Conclude the public opinions, have

timely communication with public with different

opinions, feedback the construction to propose

improvement opinions and finally propose the

opinion on the accepting or unaccepting of pubic

opinions.

Through different forms of issuing

questionnaire, online publication and holding

hearing in the project, public participation

investigation is carried out. Investigation public

includes cadres, workers, farmers and

surrounding general public of the project.

There is no objection in the received

questionnaires. Some requirements and advices

proposed by some residents are collected: The

project shall have high standard pollution

prevention and control measures, discharge the

pollutant with standard, reduce the discharge

volume of pollutant and impact of surrounding

environment as much as we can; they also

require the approval authority to approve

strictly and strengthen the daily supervision and

management. The construction unit accepts the

public opinions, promises to strengthen

management after the establishment and

receive the supervision of environmental

protection department and public supervision.


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9. Current

Situation

Monitoring

and Impact

Prediction of

Environmental

Quality

Apart from the relevant requirements of

environmental impact assessment guide, we shall

focus on the following:

(1) Current Situation Monitoring: Monitoring

factors are determined according to the discharge

standard. Before the incineration power plant is put

into operation, Two monitoring points are

respectively set on the nearest sensitive point of

downwind direction by the prevailing wind

direction in the plant and pollutant maximum

ground concentration point to have dioxin

monitoring of atmosphere; two dioxin monitoring

points of soil are respectively set in the up and

down wind directions by the prevailing wind

direction in the plant and plant soil is recommended

to be selected around the maximum ground area of

pollutant concentration in the downwind direction.

According to the document requirements, the

environment unit has finished the current

situation monitoring of dioxin.

(2) Impact Prediction: Before the dioxin

environmental quality standard has not been made,

The environmental quality in the project is referred

to Japan average annual concentration standard (0.6

pgTEQ/m3) requirements. Odor pollutant

environmental impact prediction shall be

strengthened. According to the guide requirements,

it shall adopt long-term weather condition to

calculate gradually and every day. The maximum

standard distance is calculated by environment

assessment standard and those with proper

conditions can be determined according to the odor

concentration investigation and monitoring analogy

of incineration power plant with the same process

and scale.

The environmental quality in the project is

referred to Japan average annual concentration

standard (0.6 pgTEQ/m3) requirements.

Atmospheric environment assessment adopts

long-term weather condition to calculate

gradually and every day. The maximum

standard distance is calculated according to the

environment assessment standard.

(3) Daily Monitoring: When the incineration power

plant is put into operation, have a dioxin monitoring

of atmosphere and soil to smoke gas discharge and

above current situation monitoring stationing site in

order to understand and master the dioxin condition

of Waste-to-Energy Project and its surrounding

environment.

Regularly smoke gas and dioxin monitoring is

required in the environment monitoring plan of

the report after the project is finished.

10. Water Use

The water use of Waste-to-Energy Project shall be

in line with national water use policy. Using the

water from urban sewage treatment plant is

encouraged, and surface water use is limited and

underground water use is strictly forbidden in North

China with insufficient water supply.

The project uses surface water. Water recycling

in the plant.

13.5 Environmental Impact Analysis

According to the engineering analysis result of this phase, the impact of the

project to surrounding environment is mainly atmospheric pollution and the waste gas

of the project can be standard discharged with taking effective measures. According


311

to the atmospheric environment impact analysis, atmospheric pollutants discharged by

the project have little impact on surrounding protection targets. After taking strictly

noise reduction measures of sound reduction and insulation to the noise caused by the

project, according to the noise environmental impact analysis, boundary noise

discharged by the project can reach the standards with little impact on the surrounding

protection targets. The waste water of the project is discharged after the taking over

treatment and the prediction result shows little impact on the surface water. The final

environmental protection distance of the project is 400m out of west boundary, 300m

out of east and south boundary, and 100m out of fly ash solidification workshop

without sensitive targets within the range. Considering the sanitation protection

distance requirement of the other surrounding waste disposal project, 800m protection

distance range set by hazard and waste landfill can contain the protection distance

requirements of Qizishan domestic waste landfill and Everbright incineration power

plant without sensitive targets such as residents within the range.

So, the construction unit implements the pollution control measures proposed by

the report and the project site is reasonable from the impact of the project to the

surrounding sensitive point.

13.6 Analysis on Reasonability of General Layout

According to the requirements for production process, transportation, fire-proof,

environmental protection, sanitation, construction and living, the project has overall

planning arrangement to all the buildings and structures, pipelines and transit route

with combining with natural conditions of plant landform, geology and meteorology

for reasonable and tight arrangement, less land, rapid construction, safe and

economical operation and convenient maintenance.

The following will have the reasonable analysis of plant layout from atmospheric

environment, noise and accident risk impact.

Atmospheric Environment Impact: The final environmental protection distance

of the project is 400m out of west boundary, 300m out of east and south boundary,


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and 100m out of fly ash solidification workshop without sensitive targets within the

range. Considering the sanitation protection distance requirement of the other

surrounding waste disposal projects, 800m protection distance range set by hazard and

waste landfill can contain the protection distance requirements of Qizishan domestic

waste landfill and Everbright incineration power plant without sensitive targets such

as residents within the range. According to the above predictive result, it shows that

the waste gas discharged by the project has little impact on the surrounding ambient

air which will not decrease the plot environmental functions of the project.

Noise Environmental Impact: Day and night noise predictive value of each

boundary in the project all reaches the Level III standard under Emission Standard for

Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary (GB12348-2008).

Accident Risk Impact: Maximum credible accident in the project is set like that:

when the mating smoke gas disposal facility of incinerator cannot achieve the normal

treatment efficiency, the emergency discharge will happen. According to the predicted

accident condition, contribution of regular waste gas (PM10, HCl and dioxin)

discharge to ground hourly concentration is much higher than the normal operating

condition. However, under abnormal operating condition, after the HCl and dioxin

maximum ground hourly concentration caused by the discharge of regular waste gas

is added with background, it can also meet the relevant environmental quality

standard requirements. So under the accident condition, the dioxin impact can be

accepted from the analysis of human health. When the boiler stops operation by the

accident or is overhauled, waste storage pit keeps close and the odor gas is discharged

into atmosphere after the treatment by activated waste gas purification deodorizing

device. Under the accident condition, the discharge of odor pollutant is little and has

little impact on surrounding environment. On condition that we strengthen the

monitoring, establish risk prevention measures and formulate feasible emergency

response plan, the environmental risk of the project can be accepted.

13.7 Summary


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Comprehensive considering the city overall planning, environmental sanitation

professional planning, the impact of pollutants discharged by the construction project

to surrounding residential area and accident risk impact and on condition that the

construction unit implements the pollution control measures, the site selection is

feasible and the management shall be strengthened to guarantee stable discharge

standard of each pollutant, prevent different pollution accident from happening and

improve the emergency measures.


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14 Economic Cost-benefit Analysis

14.1 Economic Benefit Analysis

The project includes 3 sets of 500t/d incineration systems and 2 sets of 15MW

turbo generator units which can dispose waste of 1,500t/d every day. Capital

estimation of the project includes different process systems and appurtenant

production engineering. The economic indicator analysis can be seen in Table 14.1-1

after the design output is reached by the project. From the following Table, we can

see that the project has a certain economic benefit.

Table 14.1-1 Economic Indicator Summary Table

S/N Main Indicators Unit Numerical

Value Remarks

1 Total Investment

RMB Ten

Thousand

Yuan

75,159.37

2 Investment Pay-back Period

(After-tax) Year 10.16

Including 2 years

Construction Period

3 Annual Total Power

Generation 10

4kWh 19,015

Average Production

Year

4 Average Annual Feed-in

Electricity 10

4kWh 15,593

Average Production

Year

5 Feed-in Tariff RMB Yuan

/kWh 0.636

The first 15 years is

tentative.

6 Average Annual Revenue

from Electricity Sales

RMB Ten

Thousand

Yuan

11,193.6

7 Waste Disposal Fee RMB Yuan

/t 70

8 Capital Internal Rate of

Return % 10.18

9 Balance Point of Profit and

Loss % 59.38

10 Total Investment Rate of % 6.59 Average Value


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S/N Main Indicators Unit Numerical

Value Remarks

Return

11 Capital Net Profit Rate % 12.99 Average Value

12 Staff Quota Person 60

The total investment of the project is RMB 751.5937 million. When the waste

disposal fee is RMB 70 Yuan/t and feed-in electricity price is RMB 0.636 Yuan /

kWh, capital internal rate of return in the project is 10.18% and investment pay-back

period is 10.16 years (after-tax); the project is feasible in the finance. In the economic

analysis table, sensitive analysis is carried out about factors of power, electricity price,

heat and total investment. The project has a certain anti-risk capability. It is greatly

supported by government in the later service period and enjoying different

preferential treatment of comprehensive utilization of renewable energy which can

effectively improve the economic condition of incineration project to make the project

have a certain economic benefit with obvious environmental and social benefit at the

same time.

14.2 Environmental Benefit Analysis

14.2.1 Environmental Protection Investment Estimation

The 63th regulation of Environmental Protection Design Specifications of

Construction Project points out: “Devices, equipment, monitoring methods and

engineering facilities needed by pollution control and environmental protection are all

environmental protection facilities” and “The construction projects with

environmental protection facilities shall list the investment estimation of

environmental protection facilities.

The total investment to environmental protection of the project is about RMB

159.6 million including waste gas and noise treatment. See Table 14.2-1 for main

investment.


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Table 14.2-1 Main Environmental Protection Investment Summary

Category Pollution

Source Pollutant

Control Measure

(Number, scale and

treatment capacity of

Facilities)

Environmenta

l Protection

Investment

(RMB Ten

Thousand

Yuan)

Treatment

Effect,

Executive

Standard or

Proposed

Requirement

Waste Gas

Burning

Waste Gas

SO2, NO2,

PM10, HCl,

HF, Cd,

Hg, Pb,

Dioxin

3 sets of flue gas

purification system

(semi-dry reaction

tower+dry

deacidification+activate

d carbon

adsorption+bag-type

dust collector) 3,500

Meets EU

2000

Standard

Fly ash

Solidificatio

n Dust

PM10 Bag-type Dust Collector

Boundary

Concentratio

n meets the

standard

Odor of

Waste

H2S, NH3

Odor

Gases

Negative Pressure,

Dodorizer

Boundary

Concentratio

n meets the

standard

Waste Water

Waste

Leachate

pH, COD,

BOD, SS,

Ammonia

Nitrogen

Pb, As,

Hg, Cd,

Cr6+

, Cu

Waste Leachate

Collection System

4,000

A small

amount

sprays, and

the others is

reused after

the advanced

treatment by

leachate

treatment

plant

Domestic

Waster

Water

COD,

BOD, SS,

Ammonia

Nitrogen,

Total

Phosphour

s

/ Take Over

Other Waste

Water pH Neutralization Tank Reuse

Noise Power - Sound Insulation 260 Boundary


317

Category Pollution

Source Pollutant

Control Measure

(Number, scale and


Facilities)

Environmenta

l Protection

Investment

(RMB Ten

Thousand

Yuan)

Treatment

Effect,

Executive

Standard or

Proposed

Requirement

Generator Equipment, Silencer is

add the air inlet and

outlet

meets the

standard

Draught Fan,

Forced

Draught Fan

- Add Sound Insulation

Box, Silencer

Different

Pump

Casings

- Vibration Attenuation,

Sound Insulation

Air

Compressor -

Sound Insulation, Add

Silencer

Boiler

Exhaust -

Select low-noise type

relief valve control

valve, add silencer and

adopt vibration

attenuation measures

Solid Waste

General

Industrial

Solid Waste

Slag Comprehensive

Utilization and Disposal

450

Zero

Discharge of

Waste Solid Hazardous

Solid Waste

Fly Ash,

Waste

Activated

Carbon

Solidification, Landfill

Domestic

Solid Waste

Domestic

Waste

Incineration Disposal in

the Plant

Impermeable

Waste Storage Pit and

Leachate Collection

Tank, Fly ash

Solidification Workshop

Select natural clay

impermeable lining,

single layer synthetics

impermeable lining or

double layers synthetics

impermeable lining

120

No pollution

to soil and

underground

water

Greening 30% Plant greening coverage rate is 30% 180

Landscaping,

Noise

Reduction


318

Category Pollution

Source Pollutant

Control Measure

(Number, scale and


Facilities)

Environmenta

l Protection

Investment

(RMB Ten

Thousand

Yuan)

Treatment

Effect,

Executive

Standard or

Proposed

Requirement

Accident

Emergency

Measure

Establish accident emergency measure and

management system (Leachate accident emergency

tank relies on the current 11,000m3)

160

Prevent the

risk accident

from happing

as much as

we can and

dispose

effectivelyto

make the

accident risk

accepted

Environmenta

l Management

(Organization,

Monitoring

Capacity)

Establish environmental management and

monitoring system; pollution control of

construction period

100

Sewage

Separation,

standardizatio

n setting of

sewage

draining exit

(Flow meter,

Online

Monitoring

Instrument)

Sewage separation, waste water pipe network

construction; one exhaust funnel (80m high 3 pipes

bundling exhaust funnel)

Standardization of Waste Water and Gas

A set of flue gas online analyser, a set of pH, COD

monitoring instrument, have real-time monitoring

to pollutants, smoke gas temperature and flow

velocity, signal is showed in the display screen of

control room and factory gate

500

“With new to replace old”

(1) Have fly ash solidification chelated treatment

(2) Improve the combustion control

system——control the times of turning fire grate,

strictly control the air leakage, reduce the smoke

gas flow velocity to reduce the smoke dust

(3) Select the bag with high efficiency dedusting,

have cleaning and blowing measures for bag to

guarantee tha the flue gas discharge concentration

can meet the EU 2000 standard

(4) Add dry deacidification system, spray the

slaked lime into the flue before the smoke gas goes

into the bag to reduce the discharge of aicd gas

such as HCl

6,690

Reduce the

current

emissions of

pollutant, the

total

emission

does not

exceed the

current total

reply

emission


319

Category Pollution

Source Pollutant

Control Measure

(Number, scale and


Facilities)

Environmenta

l Protection

Investment

(RMB Ten

Thousand

Yuan)

Treatment

Effect,

Executive

Standard or

Proposed

Requirement

(5) Upgrading and standard rising modification to

leachate treatment station, add advanced treatment

process of “Nanofiltration+Reverse Osmosis”

Total 15,960

14.2.2 Expected Environmental Effect

The project adopts perfect and reliable waste gas, waste water, noise and solid

waste treatment measures to most decrease the pollutants discharged into environment

with obvious environmental benefit. It shows that: Semi-dry neutralization reaction

tower+dry deacidification are used to eliminate the remaining acid gas in the smoke

gas such as SO2 and HCl. After the deacidification, when the heavy metal matters and

dioxin in the smoke gas are eliminated by the adsorption of activated carbon, the

smoke gas passes the efficient bag-type dust collector and then discharged into

atmosphere by draught fan and chimney after the dust is removed. Incineration smoke

gas can be discharged with standards. A small amount of leachate in the project is

sprayed into the incinerator and the others takes over after the treatment in the mating

leachate treatment station; the boundary noise can meet the standards after taking a

series of noise reduction measures; solid waste caused by the project is disposed

properly or utilized comprehensively. The impact of the “Three wastes” caused by the

project to the environment is obviously reduced after reasonable treatment measures.

The project uses heat produced by incineration to generate power and recycle

domestic waste to get good environmental and economic benefit. The annual disposal

capacity of the project is 525,000t and recycles waste heat through the incineration

which not only reduces the harm of waste to environment, but also recycles the

energy of waste to bring good environmental benefit with great significance in today

of energy crisis.


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14.3 Social and Economic Environmental Impact

According to the waste disposal policy of “resource recovery, reduction and

harmlessness” in our country, the incineration has become a relatively available urban

waste disposal method. In recent years, many cities in China have built incineration

power plants and some of them have produced impressive benefit with good operation

experience. The project construction is in line with the waste disposal policy in China.

First, the incineration of domestic waste can meet the requirements of waste reducing

substantially and free a lot of waste stacking areas. Then, lots of harmful materials

burned in the incinerator with high temperature become ashes and the toxicity is much

smaller.

After the proposed project is completed, on one hand, the highlighted city

domestic problem can be solved by avoiding lots of wastes stacked on the outskirts of

the town which will occupy vast farmland, impact on the landscape, pollute source of

water, air and soil environment and cause damage to the living environment of urban

and rural residents. After the implementation of the project, current domestic waste

problem is solved. On the other hand, the positive cycle of waste resource utilization

can improve the local investment environment and play an important role in pushing

the local social and economic development with good social benefit.

In conclusion, it is an environmental protection project for public benefit. With

advantages of thorough harmlessness, obvious reduction and comprehensive

utilization of waste heat and slag, the incineration treatment is a good way to solve the

disposal problem of urban domestic waste and can meet the increasing demand of

urban waste. So the implementation of the project has positive effect on pushing the

economic and social sustainable development of Suzhou City.


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15 Environmental Management and Detection Plan

15.1 Basic Objectives of Environmental Management

Both the construction period and the operating period of this project will affect

the ambient environment to a certain degree. Adverse impact on environment must be

relieved and eliminated with environmental measures. In order to guarantee feasible

fulfillment of environmental measures, and make sure cohesive development among

social, economic and environmental benefits of this project, it is necessary to

strengthen environmental management in order to make project construction meet the

national guidelines for synchronous planning, synchronous development as well as

synchronous implementation of economic construction, social development and

environmental construction.

15.2 Management Responsibilities and Measures

Based on existing operating experience of the company, there are full-time

environmental protection management personnel in charge of environmental

management of Everbright Phase III Works, external environmental protection and

coordination, as well as environmental monitoring, which are as follows:

15.3 Environmental Management Responsibilities

1 Implement environmental protection regulations and standard;

2 Establish various environmental management systems, check and

supervise frequently;

3 Prepare project environmental protection plans and organize the

implementation of such plans;

4 Lead and organize the environmental detection work of project and set

monitoring files;

5 Thoroughly conduct environmental education and technical training to

improve staff quality;


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6 Establish rules and regulations on pollutants discharge and environmental

facility operation;

7 Responsible for daily environmental management and coordinate with

environmental administration to conduct the coordination of

environmental protection issues that is related to other social

communities;

8 Make emergency plans for accidents and incidents, and participate in

emergency treatment of such accidents and incidents;

9 Regularly check and supervise the implementation of environmental rules

and regulations, and contact relevant authorities to implement

environmental measures of various aspects in a timely manner to ensure

that it works properly;

10 Calculate the amount of activated carbon used.

15.4 Environmental Monitoring Responsibilities

1 Make annual environmental detection plan and implementation plan, and

establish various regulations and institutions and implement them;

2 Timely complete various detection tasks specified in environmental

detection plan, and prepare a report in accordance with relevant

regulations, responsible for the submission;

3 When there is any sudden pollution accident in the project, actively

participate in the accident investigation and treatment;

4 Responsible for the maintenance, overhaul and check of the detection

devices to assure that detection is smoothly conducted;

5 Organize and supervise the implementation of environmental detection

plan;

6 Establish project pollution source file that is based on the environmental

detection to gain some knowledge of project pollutant emissions,


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discharge source intensity, discharge characteristics and related pollution

treatment, comprehensive utilization.

15.5 Environmental Supervision

1 Principle of Environmental Supervision at Design Phase

The overall supervision of project design is design institution’s procedure

management. The design institution of this project has come up with perfect

examination and approval procedures and implements the policy of “prevention first,

combines prevention and control, comprehensive treatment”. Main content of

environmental supervision is as follows:

The environmental protection measures and plans in Environmental Influence

Report and the needed environmental protection measures’ investment funding budget

shall be implemented in initial or design documents of construction drawings.

In the construction organization documents, when construction material are

transported or piled, the covering measures shall be formulated in the design

documents to avoid dust pollution. When construction is conducted in dry season, it

shall be formulated that water shall be sprayed periodically or taking other measures.

2 Site Supervisions of Various Pollution Sources at Construction Phase

Project Bidding Phase

In project bid document, the environmental protection shall be included in the

corresponding articles, and the duplicate shall be sent to the environmental

supervision engineer for reference and supervision management when they conduct

site supervision.

Site Supervision of Various Noise Sources

Site environmental protection supervision engineer shall supervise and check

environmental noise of sound-sensitive buildings near the construction site. If the

results exceeds environmental noise quality standard that shall be implemented, and

residents life is harassed and influence residents’ life quality along the road,


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environmental protection supervision engineer shall inform of the contractor to take

noise-reducing measures or adjust machinery construction time.

Site Supervision of Ambient Air Pollution Sources

Ambient air pollution sources include: construction sand, stone, mixed material

pile dust; Flying dust generated during the material transportation will increase

pollution ambient air.

The severity of the above pollution sources; affecting ambient air, site

environmental protection supervision engineer shall inspect environmental air quality

of air sensitive points near the construction site, If the results exceed environmental

air quality standard that shall be implemented, environmental protection supervision

engineer shall inform the contractor of taking countermeasures and require that it the

result should be within the limit value.

Site Supervision of Water Pollution Sources

Water pollution sources include: the waste water generated in construction and

life sewage discharge by supervision institution’s living place; the waste water

discharged by mixing field (station) will directly pollute the pollution-accommodating

water.

To resolve the problem of above water pollution sources affecting surface water,

environmental protection supervision engineer shall supervise and inspect the related

items in construction site water environment water quality. If the results exceed

environmental water quality standard that shall be implemented, environmental

protection supervision engineer shall inform the contractor of taking countermeasures

and require that it the result should be within the limit value.

Construction Quality Supervision of Environmental Work Facility

The environmental project devices mainly include: flue gas treatment system,

waste water treatment device, factory zone greening, etc. The construction of

environmental devices is mainly the construction of structure project and parking

construction, the construction project quality supervision is project quality supervision

engineer and park technology staff’s responsibilities. Whether environmental effect of

environmental project meets the requirements for original design or not will be the


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emphasis of environmental supervision. If it didn’t after detection, the contractor shall

be informed of taking remedy measures and require that it the result should be within

the limit value.

15.6 Environmental Monitoring Plan

The annual budget of Environmental Monitoring is RMB 1.8 million.

15.6.1 Monitoring Objectives

Environmental monitoring is the most important link and technical support in the

environmental protection. The object of developing environment monitoring:

1 Inspect the protection of naked construction face and problems of

construction dust and construction waste water for timely treatment

during the project construction period;

2 Inspect and track the implementation and effect of different

environmental protection measures during the operation, master the

dynamically change of environmental quality;

3 Understand the operation of project environment engineering facility to

guarantee the normal operation of facility;

4 Understand relevant implementation of environmental monitoring in the

project;

5 Provide technical support for improving surrounding environmental

quality in the project.

15.6.2 Monitoring Scope

The current engineering of incineration plant has been equipped with necessary

equipment and instruments which can meet the requirements for the proposed project.

Combining with the current engineering atmospheric environment monitoring plan,

the proposed monitoring scheme is as follows.


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15.6.2.1 Atmospheric Environment Monitoring

I. Monitoring Plan of Current Pollution Sources

1 The incinerator connected with Suzhou Environmental Protection

Agency adopts smoke online monitoring equipment. Discharge volume

of smoke blackness of incinerator, HF and heavy metal and its

compounds is monitored annually; trust dioxin discharge volume

monitoring to qualification unit annually; boundaries fugitive odor is

monitored annually;

2 The sampling point of chief discharge opening in the plant has the

monitoring objectives of PH, SS, COD, ammonia nitrogen, TP, TN and

petroleum quarterly; flow, COD online monitor connected with Suzhou

Environmental Protection Agency is equipped;

3 Boundaries noise monitoring annually;

4 There are two monitoring points in the soil which is to monitor PH, Cd,

Hg, Pb and dioxin annually;

5 There are three underground water monitoring points in the boundaries

to monitor PH, total coil-form, permanganate index, fluoride, ammonia

nitrogen, Hg, Pb, Cr6+

, Cd, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, chloride, total

dissolved solids, and total bacterial annually.

II. Pollution Sources Monitoring

(1) Monitoring Section

Online automatically monitoring system is installed in the flue behind the smoke

purification system for the engineering waste incinerator.

In addition, in the upwind direction and downwind direction, two fugitive

pollutant sampling points are established respectively in the boundaries.

(2) Monitoring Objectives

The monitoring objectives of incineration soot online monitoring system: dust,

CO, SO2, NOx, HCI and temperature. Display screen is set in the plant doorway to


327

public online monitoring data. Current the items which cannot be continuous

automatically monitored:

Fugitive discharge monitoring of atmospheric pollutants is implemented by the

requirements for Technical Guidelines for Fugitive Emission Monitoring of Air

Pollutants (HJ/T55-2000).

(3) Monitoring Frequency

Incinerator dust, CO, SO2, NOx, HCI and temperature is monitored by smoke

online monitoring equipment which is required to connect with environmental

protection agency.

Monitoring period of incinerator soot blackness, HF and heavy metal and its

compounds discharge volume: Quarterly.

According to ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT [2008] No. 82 Regulation,

after the project puts into operation, at least it shall have dioxin monitoring for smoke

discharge annually. So it shall trust dioxin discharge volume monitoring to

qualification unit annually.

III. Environmental Quality Monitoring

Concentration of PM10, SO2 and NOx shall be sampled and monitored

annually in the production and surrounding environment areas (Two protection targets

in the downwind direction is selected by the wind direction).

According to Environment Development [2008] No. 82 Regulation, two

monitoring points (dioxin current situation assessment monitoring point in the project)

are set respectively around the nearest sensitive point of downwind direction by the

prevailing wind direction all the year in the plant and pollutant maximum landing

concentration point to have at least annually dioxin monitoring in the atmosphere.

15.6.2.2 Water Environment Monitoring


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The monitoring objectives in the inlet and outlet of sewage treatment station are:

PH, SS, CODCr, ammonia nitrogen, TP, TN and petroleum, the monitoring period:

Once a day; and flow, CODCr online monitor is equipped.

Underground Water Monitoring: Set up a point around the 30m scope of waste

pit and two underground water monitoring wells respectively in the upstream and

downstream of underground water flow direction, monitoring objectives: PH, fluoride,

permanganate index, Cd, Cr6+

, Pb, Cu, total Hg, as and nitrate annually.

15.6.2.3 Noise Monitoring

Noises of production area, living area and boundaries are monitored regularly

and quarterly every year.

15.6.2.4 Soil Monitoring

Soil in the project site is monitored annually and the monitoring factors are PH,

Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Cr and Ni.

According to Environment Development [2008] No. 82 Regulations, two soil

dioxin monitoring points are established in the upwind and downwind directions

respectively by the prevailing wind direction of the plant. The monitoring point in the

downwind direction is recommended to select the planting soil around the pollutant

concentration maximum landing site (Current situation monitoring point can also be

selected) annually.

15.6.2.5 Underground Water Monitoring

Established underground water monitoring well is used to monitor PH, total

coil-form, permanganate index, fluoride, ammonia nitrogen, Hg, Pb, Cr6+

, Cd, nitrate,

nitrite, sulfate, chloridate, total dissolved solids, total bacterial count annually.

15.6.2.6 Clinker Monitoring


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Ash and slag discharge volume is monitored once a month.

15.7 Standardization Requirements for Sewage Outfall

The sewage outfall setting must be in line with the standardization requirements

for environmental supervision department to sewage outfall.

(1) Waste Water Drain Outlet (connected to pipe nozzle)

Use the previous waste water drain outlet without newly draining outlet addition.

(2) Exhaust Gas Emission Outlet

Exhaust gas emission outlet must be in line with the regulated height and the

requirements for easy sampling and monitoring in Pollution Source Monitoring

Technical Specifications. The chimney or flue of the incinerator shall be equipped

with permanent sampling hole and monitoring platform of sampling. Its sampling

outlet is determined by authorized environmental monitoring team and central station.

(3) Fixed Noise Emission Source

Fixed noise is control according to the regulation and sign is set up in the

boundaries noise sensitive point which has the most impact on outside.

(4) Solid Waste Storage (Disposal) Site

Use the special stacking site of current project to have supervision in dangerous

waste fly ash regularly produced by incineration with scattering-proof, loss-proof and

leakage-proof measures.

(5) Requirements for Setting up Signs

Environmental protection signs are produced uniformly by the Ministry of

Environmental Protection of PRC and purchased from the Ministry of Environmental

Protection of PRC by city environment supervision department according to the

sewage discharge requirements of enterprises. Pollution outfall layout of enterprise is

ordered uniformly by city environment supervision team. Set up presentation signs at

ordinary pollutants outfalls (source) and set up warning signs at outfalls discharging

poisonous and hazardous pollutants.


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Signs shall be set up at where is near the outfalls (sampling outlets) and notable.

The top of the signs shall be 2m below the ground. Set up plane signs at where have

buildings within 1m-radius area, and set up vertical signs at where have no buildings.

Relevant settings of standardized pollution outfalls (such as graphic signs,

metering equipment and monitoring equipment) are environmental protection

facilities. The pollution discharge unit shall be responsible for daily maintenance, and

no unit or individual shall remove them without permission.


331

16 Conclusion and Suggestions

16.1 Project Overview

As the amount of municipal solid waste increases year by year, the burden on

Qizishan Waste Landfill and Everbright Waste-to-Energy Project becomes heavier

that the current capacity of waste treatment facilities can not meet the requirements

for social life of Suzhou City. As the only waste landfill in Suzhou City, once

Qizishan Waste Landfill is full, the waste treatment of Suzhou will become a huge

issue. And the problem is it’s impossible to find another place for waste landfill in

Suzhou at present. All of these will lead to a scenario of the city being surrounded by

waste. Therefore, Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. is

planning to construct the Phase-III Expansion Work with design capacity of three

500t/d mechanically reciprocating furnaces and two 15MW generating units. Total

engineering investment is RMB 750 million and total environmental protection

investment is RMB 159.6 million. The capacity of domestic waste incineration of

entire plant will be 3,550t/d after the project is established.

16.2 Ambient Quality Situation and Main Environmental

Protection Objectives

16.2.1 Ambient Quality Situation

Air Environment Quality: The detection results generated by Jiangsu

Environmental Detection Station indicate that the hourly concentration of SO2, NO2,

H2S, CO and NH3 at each detection point can meet the Class-II standards under

Ambient Air Quality Standard, and the average daily concentration of PM10, SO2, NO2,


332

CO and Fluoride can also meet and exceed the Class-II standards under Ambient Air

Quality Standard. And no Hg or fluoride is tested. The hourly concentration of HCI

exceeded the standard rate at Qizi Lot, Gusu Village and former Lita Village

respectively, and the excessive rate was 3.6%; the investigation indicates that there

are HCI emission enterprises around the detection area such as Suzhou Wusheng Steel

Co., Ltd. and Chunhua Wiredrawing Co., Ltd.; according to the environmental

assessment report on Phase-II, before Phase-II construction, HCI also exceeded the

standard rate at Mudu Town and Gusu Village within the assessment area, and the

detection results of this year have become better than those of 2007. Considering that

the Everbright Phase-III Expansion Work will improve the existing Phase-I and

Phase-II Works that it might reduce HCI emission, therefore, the environmental

concentration of HCI will be further reduced.

Water Environment Quality: According to detection results, sulfide, fluoride and

volatile phenol at sections W1, W3 and W4 can meet relative standards, while

ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and ss at section W2 fail to meet

the standards, and other detection factors can all meet Class-IV water quality standard

under Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002). Because

ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus of Taihu Lake fail to meet the

standards to a large degree, Suzhou has prepared a Taihu Lake treatment plan, and

also stipulated treatment plans and requirements for Suzhou section of Jiangnan Canal,

so that water quality has been improved.

Acoustic Environment Quality: Acoustic environment quality of where the

factory will be established is relatively good. Noise values at day and night measured

at each detection point can meet Class-III standard under Environmental Quality

Standard for Noise (GB3096-2008).

Underground Water Quality: According to Quality Standard for Ground Water

(GB/T14848-1993), underground water quality can meet Class-III standard.

Soil Quality: Indexes of heavy metal in soil can meet Class-II standard under

the national Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB15618-95), indicating that

current state of soil environment quality of this area is relatively good.


333

Dioxin concentration: According to detection results, dioxin atmosphere

concentration and soil concentration around this project can meet relative standards.

Current states of ambient air and surface water environment are better that those

before Phase-II Work construction. The data of underground water and soil detection

factors doesn’t change much, indicating that current work does not affect the

environment that much.

16.2.2 Main Environmental Protection Objectives

The protection objectives by this project refer to Table 16.2-1 and 16.2-2.

Table 16.2-1 Environmental Protection Objectives Table

Environmental

Factors


Protection Objective Direction Distance (m) Scale

Environmental

Functions Remarks

Air

Environment

Mudu Town (Old Town

Area) WNW 2,600-6,300

200,000

Persons

Class-II under

GB3095-1996

Former Gusu Village W 2,000 3,600

Households

Now as

Gusu

Village

Qizi Lot, Gusu Village N 1,200 20

Households

Fenghuang Lot, Gusu

Village SW 1,650

3,100

Households

Suzhou University of

Science and Technology E 2,300

7,500

Persons

Shangfangshan Forest

Park SE 1,600 5.002 km

2

Acoustic

Environment Factory Boundaries — — —

Class-II under

GB3096-93

Surface Water Xujiang River N 1,500 —

Class-III

under

GB3838-2002

Jiangnan Canal NE 5,000 — Class-IV

Table 16.2-2 Important Ecological and Environmental Protection

Objectives Table

S/N Name Main Ecological Functions

1 Mudu Scenic Area Natural and Cultural Landscape Protection


334

2 Qizishan Ecological and Public

Welfare Forest

Headwater Conservation and Biodiversity

Protection

16.3 Main Pollution Prevention Measures

16.3.1 Exhaust Gas Treatment Measures

(1) Exhaust Gas Incineration

Exhaust gas generated by this project refers to flue gas generated by waste

incinerator, including plenty of pollutants, such as acidic exhaust gases (SO2, HCl, HF,

etc.), dust, NOX, CO, heavy metal (Hg, Cd, Pb, etc.) and dioxin. For exhaust gas

treatment, this project applies SNCR denitration + semi-dry reaction tower + dry

deacidification + activated carbon adsorption + bag-type dust remover to each

incinerator.

This project will set up an 80m-high three-pipe clustered exhaust stack. In order

to reduce the impact on environment as much as possible, the enterprise will take

exhaust gas treatment measures, and make various pollutants meet EU 2000 emission

concentration standards, which is way better than the Standard for Pollution Control

on the household garbage Incineration (GB18485-2001).

(2) Odor

Offensive odor of this project mainly comes from the waste, basically referring

to waste storage pits, waste unloading halls, leachate storage pits and incinerators. To

avoid offensive odor coming out, this project will take the following control measures

to main offensive odor pollution sources including waste storage pits and waste

unloading halls:

Apply compressive and enclosed type waste tippers to deliver waste. Install

waste unloading doors at the entrances and exits of unloading platforms at main

building of waste incineration factory.

Waste storage pits shall be airtight with suction opening on the roof. Primary

air for combustion supporting of three incinerators shall be extracted from the top of

waste. Under normal operating conditions, waste storage pits shall in a slight negative


335

pressure state to avoid offensive odor escaping.

Install exhaust fans on top of the waste, which shall be started up during

incinerator shutdown, to avoid combustible accumulation (such as methane) during

incinerator shutdown. Air extracted shall be deodorized with activated deodorization

equipment and then emitted.

Operate and mange waste repository by standards to reduce the amount of

offensive odor generated. By stirring and flipping the waste with grab bucket,

anaerobic fermentation of waste can be avoid, and thus the amount of offensive odor

can be reduced.

Use airtight residue delivery system for airtight and negative pressure

operation of residue storage pits. Offensive odor will be sent to waste storage pits

through exhaust fans as primary air for combustion.

During operation process, offensive odor is mainly controlled by enhancing

the management, such as try to reduce the factory shutdown rate, guarantee ordinary

operation of primary exhaust system, use closed vehicles as waste vehicles for

entering the factory, close the unloading doors of waste storage pits while they are not

on duty, and make the waste storage pits closed, etc.

(3) Fugitive Fly Ash Solidification Dust

Fly ashes generated by incineration process of this project will be sent to fly ash

solidification equipment. The solidification process is completely closed. A certain

amount of fly ashes after dust emission will enter the atmosphere, and then be emitted

from the roof after being dedusted with bag-type dust remover.

16.3.2 Waste Water Treatment Measures

This project applies clean (rain) water and sewage separation system.

A slight amount of leachate will be back sprayed to the furnace, while the

remaining leachate will flow into the corresponding leachate treatment station

together with floor and vehicle wash water. After being deeply treated and meeting

the reclamation water quality standard, it can be reused as the make-up water for


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circulation and cooling.

Domestic sewage is piped to the sewage treatment plant in new area.

The waster discharged by chemical water treatment system is partially used for

preparing slurry with lime, and partially used for preparing formulas in brick yard.

And the remaining is used to spray on roads and unloading platforms; water

discharged by cooling towers is reused as slag-off cooling water.

16.3.3 Noise Treatment Measures

Noise sources of this project mainly refer to air force equipment such as blower

fans, as well as water pumps and cooling towers. The project will apply low-noise

equipment, sound-insulated doors and windows, shock-resistant machine bases, as

well as enhance afforestation to reduce noise impact.

16.3.4 Solid Waste Treatment Measures

The slag generated by this project will be delivered to corresponding brick yard

for comprehensive utilization.

Fly ashes generated by this project first have to be solidified. If the inspection on

solidified fly ashes shows that they meet the requirements for entering the landfill,

they can be delivered to Qizishan Domestic Waste Landfill; if they do not meet such

requirements, they still have to be sent to Suzhou Hazardous Waste Landfill for safety

concerns.

Other solid wastes mainly include the sludge and domestic wastes in sewage

treatment plant of the factory, which shall be disposed in factory incineration plant.

16.4 Environmental Feasibility

16.4.1 Industrial Policy Compliance

This project will construct a domestic waste incineration power plant, which is

one of the projects encouraged by the National Development and Reform


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Commission under Directive 40 Guideline Catalogue for Industrial Restructuring

(2011), which is a project for “38-environmental protection and resources

conservation and comprehensive utilization; 20-urban waste and other solid waste

reduction, resources-turning, and without hazards treatment and comprehensive

utilization”. It is also one of the projects encouraged under Guidance Catalogue for

Industrial Structure Adjustment of Jiangsu Province, which is a project for “urban

waste and other solid waste reduction, resources-turning and without hazards

treatment and comprehensive utilization.

This project meets the provisions under “Clause 6 Environmental Protection and

Comprehensive Resources Utilization” of Priority Development High-tech

Industrialization Key Field Guide (2004) stipulated by the National Development and

Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology of PRC as well as the

Central People’s Government of PRC.

This project generates electricity by incinerating waste, and it also controls the

amounts of various pollutants discharged meet the standards. So this project meets the

provisions under “3.2 encourage waste incineration, waste heat utilization, landfill gas

reclamation and utilization, as well as high-temperature compost of organic waste and

making methane with anaerobic digestion”, and “3.3 avoid and control secondary

pollution during waste reclamation and comprehensive utilization” of Technological

Policy for Treatment of Municipal Solid Wastes and Its Pollution Prevention jointly

issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of PRC, the

Ministry of Environmental Protection of PRC, as well as the Ministry of Science and

Technology of PRC (on May 29, 2000).

Therefore, the construction of this project can meet the requirements under

industrial policies.

16.4.2 Planning Compliance

This project meets the requirements under Suzhou Urban Master Plan

(2007~2020) and Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene


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(2006~2020).

16.4.3 Analysis on the Compliance with Important Environmental

Protection Objectives

In accordance with Taihu Lake Water Pollution Prevention and Control

Regulations of Jiangsu Province and Regional Planning of Jiangsu Important

Ecological Functions Protected Areas, the construction of this project does not

conflict with the protection requirements for important environmental protection

objectives.

16.4.4 Compliance with HuanFa [2008] 82 Document

According to Environment Development [2008] 82 Document, this project meets

the requirements in terms of location selection, technologies and equipment,

pollutants control, environmental prevention distance, control of pollutant emissions,

and public participation.

16.5 Analysis on Clean Production

This project uses mechanically reciprocating furnaces to incinerate domestic

waste. It bears mature technology, high equipment safety coefficient, and low

equipment manufacturing and operating costs; delivers fully mechanical and

automatic operation; applies to domestic waste a lot; and reaches domestically

advanced level in terms of energy consumption, pollutants control and discharge. This

project follows the trend of waste treatment industrialization that it reduces the

amount of waste discharge (more than 85%), turns waste into resources (sell

156,000,000 kilowatt-hour electricity and comprehensively use slag), and becomes

hazardous by generating electricity with waste heat produced by waste incineration.

By taking the measure of “using the new work to promote the old ones”, the

Expansion Work has reduced the amount of pollutants discharged, increased water


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reclamation rate, reduced fresh water consumption, and realized recycling utilization.

16.6 Environmental Impact Forecast Results

16.6.1 Atmospheric Environmental Impact Analysis

With normal discharge of regular exhaust gases, all the maximum

fall-to-the-ground hourly concentration values plus background values of SO2, PM10,

NO2, CO, HCI, HF, Cd, Pb, Hg and dioxin generated by this project can meet relavent

environmental quality standards. With normal discharge of regular exhaust gases,

exhaust gas pollutants discharged and reaching the standards do not contribute to

various exhaust gas pollutants at sensitive points around that much, and being added

up with background values, all sensitive points can meet relevant environmental

quality standards and requirements.

By starting this project, the maximum average daily concentration

contribution values plus background values of various pollutants can meet relevant

environmental quality standards. With normal working conditions, regular exhaust

gases do not contribute to ambient sensitive points that much, and after being added

up with background values, they can meet relevant environmental quality

requirements.

By starting this project and with normal working conditions, the average

annual concentration contribution values of regular exhaust gas pollutants can meet

relevant environmental quality requirements. With normal working conditions, the

maximum average annual concentration contribution values of regular exhaust gases

discharged to each and every concerned point meet the standards, and do not affect

the ambient environment that much.

Final environmental protection distances of this project are 400m away from

western boundary, 300m away from eastern and southern boundaries, and 100 away

from fly ash solidification workshop. Within this area, there are no sensitive

protection objectives. Also considering the sanitary protection distance requirements


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for surrounding waste treatment projects, the 800m-radius protection area for

hazardous and waste landfill can include Qizishan Domestic Waste Landfill and

Everbright Domestic Waste Incineration Power Plant, where there are no sensitive

points such as residential communities.

For foul gases after being effectively deodorized, the concentration within

factory boundaries can meet the standards; under the conditions of maintenance and

furnace shutdown, the emission of foul gases after being deodorized will not

significantly affect the environment.

In summary, the exhaust gases emitted by this project hardly affect the ambient

air and will not cause the regression of environmental functions of the land block

where this project is located.

16.6.2 Surface Water Environmental Impact Analysis

A slight amount of leachate will be back sprayed to the furnace, while the

remaining leachate will flow into the corresponding leachate treatment station

together with floor and vehicle wash water. After being deeply treated and meeting

the reclamation water quality standard, it can be reused as the make-up water for

circulation and cooling. After the leachate treatment station taking the measure of

raising standard and reforming by “using the new work to promote the old ones”, the

amount of waste water discharge of the entire factory has been significantly reduced.

Domestic sewage is piped to the sewage treatment plant in new area.

The waster discharged by chemical water treatment system is partially used for

preparing slurry with lime, and partially used for preparing formulas in brick yard.

And the remaining is used to spray on roads and unloading platforms; water

discharged by cooling towers is reused as slag-off cooling water.

After being treated by the sewage treatment plant in new area, water discharged

by this project will hardly affect the surface water environment.


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16.6.3 Acoustic Environmental Impact Analysis

By being added up with the background value, the impact contribution value of

the noises within factory boundaries during the day (forecast point) can meet Class-III

standard under Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary

(GB12348-2008).

16.6.4 Solid Waste Environmental Impact Analysis

All solid wastes generated by this project will be recycled or reused in an

appropriate or comprehensive way. This project will strictly implement solid waste

storage and disposal standards according to relevant national and local rules and

regulations, by doing so, it will not bring adverse impact on the environment.

16.6.5 Underground Water Environmental Impact Analysis

Anti-seepage measures have been taken in areas where possible seepage will

happen, especially waste repository and leachate pond. Therefore, underground water

around the factory will be affected slightly.

16.6.6 Risk Assessment

The maximum credible accidents of this project are set to be accident emission

due to semi-dry flue gas treatment equipment corresponding to incinerators can not

reach normal treatment efficiency, as well as accident emission of offensive odor.

Under abnormal working conditions, the hourly concentration contribution

values of regular exhaust gases PM10, HCI and dioxin emission to the ground are

significantly higher than those under normal working conditions. The hourly

concentration contribution values of regular exhaust gases PM10, HCI and dioxin

emission to the ground plus background values can still meet relevant environmental

quality standards and requirements. Within the assessment area, the maximum hourly

ground concentration contribution values of PM10, HCI and dioxin at each and every


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sensitive point are higher than those under normal working conditions. However, after

being added up with background values, they still can meet relevant environmental

quality standards. Therefore, considering human health under accident conditions, the

impact of dioxin is still acceptable.

During boilers shutdown or maintenance due to accidents, waste storage pits

shall be closed, foul gas shall be treated with activated carbon waste gas purification

and deodorization device and then discharged to the atmosphere. In case of accidents,

the discharge amount of foul pollutants is relatively small, thus it does not affect the

ambient environment that much.

Therefore, by enhancing monitoring, establishing risk prevention measures, as

well as preparing feasible emergency plans, the environmental risks of this project

will be acceptable.

16.7 Emission Control

With the measure of using the new work to improving the old ones, the Phase III

Expansion Work will not contribute to the emission of waste gas pollutants of the

entire factory, and will reduce the discharge amount of waste water pollutants which

will be balanced within current emission as approved.

All industrial and ordinary solid wastes of the entire factory are treated and

disposed in a reasonable manner, so that zero discharge of solid wastes is realized

without applying for emission.

16.8 Public-participated Investigation

Public participation in this project will be conducted in the forms of internet

publicity, newspaper publicity, handing out public-participated questionnaires and

holding public-participated hearings. No feedbacks were received during internet

publicity, and no objections rose during public-participated questionnaires and

hearings. In general, the public support the construction of this project.


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16.9 Final Conclusions on Environmental Assessment

In conclusion, the completion of Phase-III Expansion Work of Everbright

Environmental Protection Domestic Waste Waste-to-Energy Project will be able to

solve the problem of increasing domestic waste in urban Suzhou, as well as the

problems of environmental pollution and land occupation caused by waste landfill.

It’ll be in favor of improving regional environmental quality in general, turning waste

into resources, as well as promoting the development of recycling economy. This

project meets the requirements under national industrial policies; its location meets

the requirements under relative local planning; clean production techniques are

applied during production process; pollution prevention measure applied are

technically and economically feasible; the project can guarantee steady and standard

pollutant emission that the measure of “using new work to improve the old ones” can

reduce pollutant emssion, so that total pollutant discharge amount of the entire factory

will not exceed current emission approved; it’s also estimated that the pollutants

discharged by this work in accordance with the standards will hardly affect the

ambient environment and environmental protection objectives.

Upon carefully fulfilling the requirements for various environmental

protection measures stipulated by this report, and strictly taking the “three

at-the-same-time” environmental protection measures, the construction of this

Project is environmentally feasible.

16.10 Suggestions and Requirements

1 Make sure the environmental protection funds are received and various

pollution treatment measures are taken.

2 No sensitive buildings including residential buildings, schools and

hospitals shall be constructed within sanitary protection area.

3 Enhance communication with the public within the affected area and

strive to obtain the public’s understanding and support.