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Municipal Waste Futures. Bureau of Waste Management. Municipal Waste Present: 2006. Waste Deposited in 2006 ~ 23.9 million tons Waste Deposited from Pennsylvania ~ 14.4 million tons Waste Deposited from Out-of-State ~ 9.5 million tons. Municipal Waste Futures. Our thoughts: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Municipal Waste Futures
Bureau of Waste Management
Waste Disposal Totals 1989-2006
0
4,000,000
8,000,000
12,000,000
16,000,000
20,000,000
24,000,000
28,000,000
Tons
of W
aste
Dis
pose
d
PennsylvaniaWaste
Total WasteDisposed inPennsylvania
Waste Deposited in 2006 ~ 23.9 million tons
Waste Deposited from Pennsylvania ~ 14.4 million tons
Waste Deposited from Out-of-State ~ 9.5 million tons
Municipal Waste Present: 2006
Municipal Waste Futures
Our thoughts:Minimize the amount of waste
disposedMaximize reuse and recyclingDrive new technology and conceptsFocus first on diverting paper,
paperboard and organics from the waste stream
Look at what other states are doing
Drive new concepts
Waste as an energy resourceResource RecoveryLandfill Gas to EnergyAlternative Fuels – materials diverted from municipal waste stream for beneficial use as fuel
Current Status – Resource Recovery
Six Operating Facilities 8,000 tons/day in 2005
Southeast and Southcentral PANew Expanded Capacity Harrisburg recently reopened
upgraded facility York County considering expansion to
meet future demand
Future of Resource Recovery
Market/Demand for New Capacity Northeast PA? Southwest PA?
Opposition to New FacilitiesNonattainment Areas in PAEPA New Source Performance Standards
Current Status - Landfill Gas
25 Operational Projects 15 Projects generating more than 100
megawatts of electricity 10 projects producing 7,000 Million
Standard Cubic feet of methane for direct use
16 Pending Projects
Landfill Gas to Energy
Future of Landfill Gas
Expand existing projects to use 100% of landfill gas generatedMore direct use or high BTU production (pipeline quality)Leachate RecirculationAnaerobic Digestion
Current Status – Alternative Fuels
In 2005, Pa used 10.6 million tons of coal refuse 1.26 million tons of alternative fuels 0.70 million tons of wood
PA Cement kilns are obtaining 0 to 20% of their energy needs from alternative fuelsTwo Coal Refuse Plants are burning alternative fuels
Current Status – Alternative Fuels
Three General Permits are available WMGM027 - organic, non-organic residuals with a BTU value of at least 5000 BTU/lb for use as alternative fuelsWMGR038 - Processing waste tires and tire-derived material for fuel and consumer products.WMGR068 - Beneficial use of carbonaceous wastes (petro coke, untreated wood chips and other paper and wood industry wastes) as an alternative fuel for circulating fluidized bed boilers
Alternative Fuels
Waste tires and wood are the most common alternative fuels
Most alternative fuels have less BTUs per cubic foot than coal and require additional storage space
Some alternatives fuels should be kept dry
Future of Wastes as Alternative Fuels
Growing demand and market for alternative fuels Major cement manufacturers have
established goals to obtain 15-20% of energy from alternative fuels
Some plants in Germany are at 70% Potential new demand for alternative fuels is
estimated at greater than 2 million tons
Lack of high volume/quality supply Salvaging General Permit
Plastic11.3%Glass
3.0%Metals5.4%
Organics34.2%
Inorganics12.7%
Paper33.3%
Pennsylvania Municipal Waste Composition
Potential Supply of Alternative Fuels
Material Tons/Year
Cost Avoidance
(Millions)
NonRecyclable Paper
866,990 $47
Wood 540,611 $29
Mixed Paper 433,821 $23
Rigid Plastic 353,108 $19
Textiles 352,570 $19
Carpet 163,371 $9
Total 2,710,000
$146
Potential Alternative Fuels (Cont.)
Material Tons/Year
Cost Avoidance
(Millions)
Cardboard 785,032 $42
Film Plastic 465,586 $25
Newspaper 389,263 $21
Office Paper 341,975 $18
Magazines 251,027 $14
Total 2,232,983
$120
RW to Energy Opportunities
Material Total Tons/Yea
r
Largest Source
(Tons/Yr)
Paper, Cardboard
49,960 8,815
Wood 30,132 3,757
Plastic 24,932 2,719
Textiles 16,505 8,314
Potential Markets
Cement/Lime Kilns = 12Waste Coal Fired Power Plants =
15Existing WTE Facilities = 6Facilities that burn wood > 14
Map of Market for Alternative Fuels
Regulatory Status of Alternative Fuels Act 101 Source Separated Recyclable
Materials can not be burned Residual Waste used or reused as
ingredients in an industrial process to make a product or employed in a particular function or application as an effective substitute for a commercial product is not a waste
Coproduct Determination Processed or beneficially used under a
General Permit
Salvaging Alternative FuelsCollection
Know your customers Keep non combustible materials out of
waste Provide value added service
Salvaging The operator shall salvage and recycle
waste materials received at the facility for which recycling is cost effective