Upload
berg
View
23
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Monarchs of Europe. Background. As the Church Lost Power, the government gained more. That power shifted to the Monarchs Divine Right of Kings: Belief that God Chooses Kings to rule. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
MONARCHS OF EUROPE
• As the Church Lost Power, the government gained more.
• That power shifted to the Monarchs• Divine Right of Kings: Belief that God
Chooses Kings to rule. • “Princes, thus, act as minister of God,
and as His lieutenants on earth, it is through them that he acts on His Empire.”
BACKGROUND
FRANCEThe Monarchs
• Originally a Huguenot, but converted to Catholicism for his Country.
• “Paris is worth a mass!”• Edict of Nantes – A Order
that guaranteed freedom of worship and political rights.
• Improved the taxation systems so that nobles paid more.
HENRY IV
• Son of Henry IV, who was murdered in 1610.
• 8 years old at the time, so his mother ruled in his place.
• Took over in 1617, exiled mother, killed followers
• but was sickly and appointed Cardinal Richelieu to rule in his place.
LOUIS VIII
• Longest reign in French History 72 Years
• Strong believer in the Absolute power of the King
• Drained the Treasury by building Versailles.
• Government lived there, as well as the nobles.
• Nicknamed the Sun King because his power reached far and wide like the rays of the sun.
LOUIS XIV
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q9mIjAq4Fmk
• King Louis The XIV believed military power was important.
• He increased the size of the military to about 400,000 – The most powerful in Europe.
• Fought 4 wars to expand territory to the Natural Borders. ( Atlantic Ocean, the mountains, and the sea)
• Struggle for a balance of power. • Led to financial strain.
WARS OF KING LOUIS XIV
• Appointed by Louis the XIV to be a financial advisor.
• He reformed the tax system so the middle class was not paying the majority of the taxes
• Made France a leading economic power• Increased the military• Promoted Colonization in American, Canada,
and Africa.• Did away with the Edict of Nantes, which
led to 200,000 Huguenots fleeing.
JEAN-BAPTISTE COLBERT
MONARCHS OF RUSSIA
• First to be named Czar of Russia• Absolute Power• Ruthless Leader• Built St. Basils Cathedral• http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=56f6V7L9B18&feature=related – part 1
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jO3_q_kQnCE – Part 2
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Anx4Lbdt4ic&feature=related –part 3
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djAHK_JGd_I&feature=related –Part 4
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&NR=1&v=LSSG_L8ujb0 –Part 5
IVAN THE TERRIBLE
ST. BASILS CATHEDRAL
• Also could be a ruthless leader• Visionary for the future of Russia• Wanted to step away from
isolation, and make Russia more like the rest of Europe.
• Dressed up as a private citizen to in an attempt to gain European Allies
• Biggest goal was to get a warm water port for Russia from the Ottomans
PETER THE GREAT
RUSSIA UNDER PETER THE GREAT
• Failed to gain a warm water port, but through his travels learn a lot about western cultures.
• Westernized Russia• Built St. Petersburg and made it the Capital of
Russia, became the symbol of a Westernized Russia
• Incorporated French Clothing, more rights for women, forced nobles to shave their beards, and even French language.
• Modernized the army, Balance of Power
PETER THE GREAT
• Absolute control, including with the Orthodox Church
• Reformed the Government• Service nobility, Noble rank depended on
performance in government. • Nobles that were high ranking were given more
serfs, thus, increasing serfdom. • Strong Resentment from the citizens.
PETER THE GREAT
• Married to Peter III, Peter the Great grandson.
• Had the nobles kill her husband so she could be the sole ruler of Russia.
CATHERINE THE GREAT
• Supported the Arts, Sciences, Literature and theater.
• But these meant nothing to most Russians because they lived in extreme poverty.
• Wide gap between rich and poor• Greatness comes from foreign policy• Gained a warm water port with the black sea and
the region of Crimea• Overall gained over 200,000 square miles for
Russia, including colonizing Alaska
CATHERINE THE GREAT
MONARCHS OF ENGLAND
• Beginning in the 1400s, the Tudors became the English Royal Family
• Increased the power of England, Balance of Power
• Henry VII, the first Tudor Ruler. He stabilized England and made it prosperous.
• Henry VIII• Edwards VI, sickly. Only ruled six years.
THE HOUSE OF TUDOR
• The oldest daughter of Queen Henry VIII,
• First Reigning Queen of England
• Devoted Catholic• Determined to bring
England back to Catholicism• Married Phillip II of Spain
who helped lead the Counter Reformation in Spain
• Nicknamed Bloody Mary
QUEEN MARY I
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mjc7oxrEBwI
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&v=2Zh-151kyfw&NR=1
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&feature=endscreen&v=C7yc1eTHJb8
MOVIE!
• Becomes queen after Mary dies.
• Born Protestant, strengthens Protestantism.
• Never Married, Called the Virgin Queen
• Closet Relative: Mary Queen of Scots, a Catholic.
• Killed Mary Queen of Scots for plotting to overthrow
ELIZABETH I
• Defeated the Spanish Armada, a fleet of 130 ships called the invincible Armada.
• Spain was no longer a threat, and Elizabeth secured her protestant rule.
• Believed that religious disunity was harmful to England, so she punished those who did not follow Anglican Faith
• Puritans, Catholics, and other non-Anglican followers had to pay fines. (still better than others)
• Freedom of Speech in Parliment
ELIZABETH I
• Queen Elizabeth Dies, doesn’t have a blood heir
• King James of Scotland became King of England
• Stuart family, end of the Tudors
• Smart, but lacked common sense.
• “Wisest fool in Christendom.”
•
JAMES I
• Strong Supporter of the Anglican Church• Conflict of the Puritans who wanted reform in the
Church• Conceded with w new translation of the bible. The King
James Bible.• At odd with the Parliament, because there were a lot of
puritans.• Could never raise enough taxes to pay for his programs• To try an raise money he sold titles of nobility, granting
monopolies, and raising customs and duties. • Not liked, Tension against Stuarts explodes under the
rule of his son, Charles I.
JAMES I