Mobile Communications

Karl Quinn,

Senior Research Engineer,

Ericsson R&D, Ireland.

Monday, 26 M

arch 2007

karl.quinn@ericsson.com

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

2

Overview

Ericsson in M

obile

CommunicationsComputers, Telecoms,

Internet

Technology

Research

Radio, LAN,

short, wide.

Research Centre,

NM Group

Sensor

Networks

IPTV

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

3

Computers, Telecoms, and Internet

�World of Computers

–IEEE, OSI 7,

–Ethernet, W

i-Fi, and IP,

–WWW,

�World of Telecoms

–ITU, OSS 7,

–Cellular Networks: Analogue, Digital, 3G, and beyond.

–Billing & Auditing, QoS,

�Internet

–CONVERGENCE

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

4

A Brief History of Mobile

Generations

�Zero Generation

–0G (Pre-cellular)

�Mobile Telephone System (MTS) -~1940’s

�Improved Mobile Telephone System (IMTS) -~1970’s

�First Generation

–1G (Analog)

�Nordic Mobile Telephone(NMT) -~1980’s

�Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS)

�Second Generation

–2G (Digital begins…)

�Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) 14.4 Kbit/s

–2.5G�

General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) -140 Kbit/s

–2.75G �

Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) -180 Kbit/s

�Third Generation

–3G

�Universal Mobile Telecoms System (UMTS)

-Wideband Code Division Multiple Access(W

CDMA) -384Kbit/s

–3.5G�

HSDPA 1.8 Mbit/s to 14.4 Mbit/s

�Forth Generation

–4G

�3GPP Long Term

Evolution (LTE) -100 Mbit/s down, 50 Mbit/s up.

�Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) 70 Mbit/s,

100Km

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

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Technologies

�3G–

UMTS

�Also referred to as ‘3GSM’,

�W-CDMA, TD-CDMA, or TD-SCDMAair interfaces,

�GSM'sMobile Application Part (MAP) core,

�GSM family of speech codec’s.

–WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access)

�Pair of 5Mhz channels,

�2100 MHz range downlink,

�1700 MHz range uplink,

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

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Technologies

�3G–

HSDPA (High-Speed Downlink Packet Access)

�Evolution from UMTS

�1.8 to 14.4 Mbps

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

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Technologies

STANDARDIZED

Integral part of WCDMA (3GPP Rel.5/6)

RE

DU

CE

D D

EL

AY

Quicker response time with interactive services

CA

PA

CIT

Y2 –5 times improved system capacity

SP

EE

DHigher bit rates: up to 14.4 Mbps

Network Coverage

Short time to market with existing sites

�3G–

HSDPA (High-Speed Downlink Packet Access)

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

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Technologies

�3G -IP M

ulti-media Sub-system (IMS)

–3GPP Architectural Framework,

–Delivers IP multimedia services to end users,

–IMS uses Internet protocols such as Session Initiation

Protocol (SIP),

–Fixed Mobile Convergence

�Wireless; mobile phone,

�Wireline; computer, server, etc,

�Mobile phone accessing service on a fixed server.

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

9

Technologies

�3G –IMS; How? R

NC

P-C

SC

F

I-C

SC

FM

RF

MG

W

MG

CF

IMS

IMS

S-C

SC

F

MS

C(S

erv

er)

SG

SN

GG

SN

CN

CN

MG

W

BS

C

UM

TS

/GP

RS

UM

TS

/GP

RS

WL

AN

WL

AN

Co

rpo

rate

Co

rpo

rate

SIP

Ap

pli

cati

on

Serv

ers

SIP

Ap

pli

cati

on

Serv

ers

HS

S

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

10

Technologies

�3G Services –IM

S; Why?

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Middle East and Africa

Eastern Europe

Western Europe

Latin America

North America

Asia-Pacific

(SubscribersMn)

(Year)

Source: ABI Research June 2006

Operator revenue

Est. 98 BnUSD

2011

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

11

Technologies

�4G

–3GPP Long Term

Evolution (LTE)

�Download rates of 100Mbps, and upload rates of 50Mbps

for every 20MHz of spectrum,

�At least 200 active users in every 5MHz cell. (i.e. 200

active phone calls),

�Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets,

�Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as

small as 1.25MHz (and as large as 20MHz) supported,

�Cell size of 5km, 30km sizes with reasonable perform

ance,

and up to 100km cell sizes supported with acceptable

perform

ance,

�Co-existence with legacy standards,

�All IP Network (AIPN).

[LTE inform

ation sourced from W

ikipedia.org]

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

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�4G–

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)

�Available spectrum is divided into thousands of very

thin carriers,

�Each carrier is on a different frequency,

�Each carrier carrying a part of the signal.

�Can cope with severe channelconditions, e.g.

interference,

�Zero-cross talk,

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

13

Technologies

�WorldwideInteroperability for Microwave Access

(WiMAX)

–Wireless data system based on IEEE defined through

profiles and certification test cases produced by the industry

forum “WiMAXForum”

–(So far) a system with transport characteristics (e.g.

bitrates, latency, QoS) and cost structure comparable to

HSDPA and 3G evolved but less mature mobility.

–Very flexible with respect to spectrum, initial target 3.5 & 2.5

GHz; new spectrum and licenses

–Mobile Internet; 70 Mbit/s,100Km (10Mbit/s at 10KM),

–WiMaxas a possible solution for “last mile”

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

14

Technologies

Gb

GE

RA

NTDM (PDH/SDH)

UT

RA

NATM

BS

CI u

RN

C

GT

P N

etw

ork S

GS

NS

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N

WL

AN

AR

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Wn

~W

nIO

S

TT

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Non-G

TP

Netw

ork

Gi

802.1

6

802.2

0

CR

AN

ATM

BS

C

Gm

b

802.1

1AR

PD

SN

Serv

ices

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Accesses

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Oth

er

Serv

ices

AA

A

Mobility

Serv

ices

HA

3G

PP

MB

MS

BM

-SC

IMS

A-S

BG

3G

PP2

BC

MC

S

Serv

ices

Gb

GE

RA

NTDM (PDH/SDH)

UT

RA

NATM

BS

CB

SC

I u

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etw

ork S

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NS

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nIO

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ork

Gi

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802.2

0802.2

0

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ices

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Accesses

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er

Serv

ices

AA

A

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er

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ices

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AA

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Mobility

Serv

ices

HA

Mobility

Serv

ices

HA

HA

3G

PP

MB

MS

BM

-SC

3G

PP

MB

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-SC

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A-S

BG

IMS

A-S

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3G

PP2

BC

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S

Serv

ices

3G

PP2

BC

MC

S

Serv

ices

TEMS

WiM

AX

BS

1W

CD

MA

RB

S

80

2.1

6

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

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Research –

ResearchCentre, Network Management Group

�Inform

ation M

odelling

–Telecommunications systems very complex

�Entities, Properties, and relationships,

�Different term

inologies across vendors,

�Collecting, filtering, storing, and using inform

ation.

�Distribution

–Currently solutions tend to be centralised,

–Distributed system approach can provide:

�Reliability, perform

ance, scalability, open,

heterogeneity, etc.

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

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Research -Wireless Sensor

Networks

�Classic W

SN research issues include routing, MAC layer,

clustering, energy efficiency, and so on.

�Ericsson is trying to understand how the following impact mobile

networks:

–Ubiquitous sensing,

–Smart spaces,

–Personal health systems, and

–Other sensor basedsolutions.

�Ericsson will then have the opportunity to adapt existing and/or

design new solutions for mobile networks to facilitate better and

more efficient inclusion of WSN into Ericsson mobile solutions.

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

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Research -Wireless Sensor

Networks

�Research topics of interest within W

SN include:

–Deployment of sensor based services,

–New charging paradigms,

–Service discovery in mobile

environment,

–Management of WSN devices,

–New functionality in mobile networks that facilitates more

efficient utilization of mobile networks in the presence of

sensor based applications.

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

18

Research -IPTV

�Internet Protocol Television (IPTV)

–Digital TV over IP,

–Broadband,

–Live and/or Video on Demand (VoD),

–Triple-play: Voice, Internet, & TV (see BT Fusion, UK)

–Set-top box, PC, Mobile Phone,

–MPEG 2 / MPEG 4,

–Sling/Orb from home source to mobile (Three X-Series,

UK).

–NOTE: IPTV Research is not carried out at within Research

Centre, Network Management Group.

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

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Research -IPTV

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

20

Research -IPTV

US

A

AM

ER

ICA

S

Canada,

Dominican Rep.

Mexico

Puerto Rico

USA

Au

str

ia

3MobileTV

Sw

ed

en

Italy

EU

RO

PE

Austria, France,

Germ

any, Italy,

Latvia, Luxembourg,

Norway, Sweden,

Switzerland, UK

Fra

nce

AS

IA-P

AC

IFIC

Australia,

Hong Kong,

Japan,

Malaysia,

New Zealand,

Singapore

Sourc

e: Public S

ourc

es, O

cto

ber 2005

IPTV Demonstration

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

21

Summary

�Ericsson in M

obile Communications

–Computers, Telecoms, Internet.

–A Brief History of Mobile Generations

–Technologies

�3G

�4G

–Research

�Research Centre, Network Management Group.

�Wireless Sensor Networks

�IPTV

©Ericsson AB 2007

TCD Mobile Communications

2007-02-21

22