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Migration and Local Governments in Turkey
(25/01/2018 - Brussels)
Ayben OKKALIUnion of Municipalities of Turkey
Expert
Population of Turkey and Provinces
AdministrativeStructure
Number Population Percentage
Province 81 79.814.871 100%
Municipalities 1.398 74.911.343 94%
Village 18.286 4.903.528 6%
Union of Municipalities of Turkey
TBB(1398 Members)
Lobbying
Education
RepresentationLegal Support
Guidance
Number of the Syrian asylum seekers in Turkey
❖ There has been an intense refugee flow toTurkey since the year2011 that the crisis in Syria emerged.
❖ By the year 2019, thenumber of registeredrefugees has reachedover 3,6 million
0 14000225000
1500000
2500000
3500000
3600000
3700000
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
3500000
4000000
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Number of Syrian Refugees in our Cities
MunicipalitiesLocal
InhabitantsSyrian Refugees Percentage
1-Kilis 142.541 114.788 80,53%
2-Hatay 1.609.856 447.884 27,82%
3-Şanlıurfa 2.035.809 452.534 22,23%
4-Gaziantep 2.028.563 426.383 21,02%
5-Mardin 829.195 89.806 11,83%
6-Mersin 1.814.468 206.241 11,37%
7-K. Maraş 1.114.851 88.602 7,74%
8-Adana 2.220.125 235.434 10.,60%
… … … …
Syrian Refugees
(3,6 millon)
In Cities
(%98)
Temporary Shelters
(%2)
558 437
235 434
167 615142 989
106 641 89 490 78 178
0
100 000
200 000
300 000
400 000
500 000
600 000
İstanbul Adana Bursa İzmir Konya Ankara Kayseri
Registration Procedures
❖ Document of «Registration» is given during the first entry.
❖ After necessary reviewsdocument of ‘’TemporaryProtection IdentificationDocument’’is given.
❖ Those who have the documentcan benefit from public services .
Education of Syrian Children (2017)
Educational Stage Numbers
Pre-school 488.382
Primary school 506.073
Middle school 390.976
High school and Other 59.804
Total 612.603
Health Services for Refugees (2017)
❖ Health screening is conducted during thefirst entry.
❖ The refugees with Temporary ProtectionIdentity Document can benefit fromhealth services for free.
❖ In the event of an emergency situation,aforementioned ID is not required.
❖ Medicines are given for free.
Health Services Number
Polyclinic 31.449.800
Patients referred to hospital 918.964
Patients in hospitals 1.326.849
Births 276.118
Surgeries 1.112.058
Employment of the Refugees
❖ To obtain work permit 6 months ofresidence is required.
❖ Work permitt is granted by the Ministryof Labour.
❖ The workers in agriculture are notsubject to permisson.
❖ The ones who want to start a businessare subject to same procedures as Turkishcitizens after obtaining work permit.
❖ The number of foreign employees in aworkplace can not exceed %10 of thenumber of the Turkish employees in thatworkplace.
Type of Education
Number
VocationalEducation
87.168
OtherEducation
21.66032.199 Syrian got working
permission in Turkey
Municipal Services for Refugees
Municipalities
Health
Housing
Education
Traffic andTransportation
Garbagecollecting
Drinking Waterand
Purification
Social Services
Educational Support of Municipalities toRefugees
Kindergarden Promoting Education Language courses
Vocational Courses Hobby Courses Youth Activities
Social Aid and Services provided byMunicipalities for Refugees
Food aid Toys Books
Soup Kitchen Clothing Stores Stationery Support
Cultural and Sports services provided byMunicipalities for Refugees
Film Festivals Kermesses
Cultural and Art Activities Sports Activities
Social Support Services by Municipalities toRefugees
❖ Family and social support centers.
❖ Information and advisory services on sivil rights in Turkish legal system.
❖ Psychological support to refugeeswho are affected by the war.
❖ Vocational education and guidanceservices on employment.
❖ Information and guidance services on Turkish education system.
❖ Guidance for public institutions andorganizations on the needs of refugees.
UMT’s Support to Municipalities with RefugeeLoad
Vehicle Support by Years
Year Number
2014 33
2015 263
2016 307
2017 343
Toplam 946
The Additional cost of Refugees to theMunicipalities
62%38%
Allocation of General Budget Sharein Municipalities
❖ According to population, surface area and developmentindex municipalities areallocated shares from general budget.
❖ Refuges benefit frommunicipal services as otherresidents.
❖ The refugees bring additionalcosts to municipal services.
❖ However in budget shareallocation the refugeepopulation is not considered.Population Criteria Other Criteria
Additional Cost of Refugees toMunicipalities
Housing Waste and Purification
Traffic Parks
THANK YOU