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“The Melting of the Polar Ice Caps in the North Pole and its Effects to the Region’s
Biodiversity”
Prepared by:
AgustinEspina
GrimaresRiel
Tanedo
OVERVIEWStatus of North Pole
June 2011 average was 11.01 million square kilometers (4.25 million square miles).
Kara Sea region has prominent low ice extent.
Ice break up off the coast of Alaska in the Beaufort Sea
OVERVIEWStatus of North Pole
Arctic sea ice extent decline in recent years
Ice thickness decreased
NASA sea ice breakup
Ocean heat increased
OVERVIEWGlobal Role
Provides a certain amount of stability to the weather.
Affects the ocean circulation and worldwide climate.
Unique ecosystem that houses a diverse and different biodiversity.
ECOSYSTEM
North Pole Location
450 miles north of GreenlandDepth of the sea: 13, 410 meters
Diametrically opposite the South PoleSea ice is 2-3 m thick
Limited Primary ProductionTundra Biome
North Pole Climate
Warmer than the south poleSituated in the polar climate zone
North pole temperature: Winter: -34 C Summer: 0 C
Sun is above the horizon during summer months and below the
horizon during the winter months
SEASONChanges in the North Pole
Summer - Ice & + Water + Vegetation & - Marine Animals
Winter + Ice & - Water - Vegetation & + Marine Animals
BIODIVERSITY
Ice Algae & Phytoplankton
Zooplankton Horned Puffin
Polar Bear Arctic Fox Reindeer lichen
EFFECTSMelting Polar Ice Caps VS Biodiversity
Increased tree growth
Increase in population of migratory species
Decrease habitat for Arctic animals
More mobility of marine animals
Polar Bear Extinction
SOLUTIONSWays to Preserve
Environmental Awareness
Preserving Practices
Lessen CFC emission
FORECAST“Future”
IPCC ForecastFree of summer ice by 2020Sooner than the expected year of 2050Global warmingEarth will be warm
REFERENCES
• CLIMATE CHANGE: Impact on Coastal Habitation. Doeke Erisma, Ed. Florida: CRC Press, Inc., 1995. • http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/geophysics/question473.htm• http://nsidc.org/articseaicenews• http://www.crystalinks.com/arctic.html• http://www.brighthub.com/environment/science-environment/articles/64073.aspx• http://www.livescience.com/3635-ancient -creature-survived-arctic-winters.html• http://www.livescience.com/1350-surprising-arctic-inhabitants-trees.html• http://www.livescience.com/13746-arctic-coast-erosion-climate-change-ice.html• http://www.livescience.com/11819-january-arctic-sea-ice-hits-record.html • http://www.livescience.com/14773-atlantic-ocean-europe-climate-change-plankton.html• http://www.livescience.com/5696-arctic-changed-study-finds.html• http://www.livescience.com/14073-arctic-ozone-hole-uk.html• http://www.usatoday.com/travel/news/2006-11-12-7-wonders-polar-ice-caps_x.htm• http://ecoicus.com/Theimportanceoficecaps.html• http://www.grida.no/publications/planet-in-peril/page/1321.aspx• http://www.reuters.com/article/2007/05/01/us-globalwarming-ice-idUSN0122477020070501
REFERENCES
• http://images.brighthub.com/2f/f/2ff19ec428c44492ba6a15aeb8da376c91c5e0ee_large.jpg• http://images.brighthub.com/76/6/76600726769b89624c94646a1f1656cd21a76e4a_large.jpg• http://images.brighthub.com/fd/a/fda49f4abac0ecb6ce85baa9bcf79a24de19f91b_large.jpg• http://i.pbase.com/g3/71/610971/2/56954043.Obtubeseaiceundersidealgae.jpg• http://edubuzz.org/blogs/croftmalloch/files/2010/03/08-arctic20fox.jpg• http://www.newscientist.com/blog/environment/uploaded_images/north-pole-719626.jpg• http://onramp.nsdl.org/eserv/onramp:16435/web_reindeer_lichen.jpg• http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_2ptLyS7lFCE/Sk0kmbsx9QI/AAAAAAAAAQ0/KmiZ3LGGRxY/s400/
global_warming_by_teabing.jpg• http://img.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2008/04_01/iceberg1DM0404_468x670.jpg