Home About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEF Fundamentals of Carrier EthernetCarrier EthernetServices over Transport TechnologiesCarrier EthernetServices overAccess TechnologiesKey Components of Carrier EthernetAttributes of Carrier EthernetServicesMEF Certification of Carrier Ethernet ServicesTypical TargetApplications for Carrier EthernetServicesPositioning of Carrier Ethernet with other TechnologiesSynchronization over Carrier Ethernet &Circuit EmulationCarrier Ethernet Service OAMCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet Academy Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageHome About ContactMetro Ethernet Forum Ethernet AcademyWelcome to MEF on the Go!The MEF on the Go is designed to make your educational experience straight forward and simple. Start by downloading MEF referencematerials. Once you are familiar with the MEF reference materialschedule your exam.Exams may be taken online in the convenience ofyour home or office, at a testing center, or a special venue arranged bythe MEF such as MEF Quarterly Meetings or events.For more information on the MEF Professional Certification program click here.If you have questions regarding the MEF specifications, you should jointhe experts at the Ethernet Academy and participate in the Forums andDiscussion Groups. Contact UsTopics:MEF-CECP Study Guide Access the MEF-CECP StudyGuide MEF-CECP Exam ObjectivesView and download MEFreference documents for freeMEF-CECPsView the current listingof certified MEF-CECPsChoose where to studyTraining from one of ourAccredited Training Partners(MEF-ATPs)Schedule an examSchedule your exam to take itonline, or at a testing center. More and moreCarrierEthernet Professionals are turningto the MEF for information on the latestinCarrierEthernet standards developmentand terminology.These professionals arehighly mobile and networked for theirwork, so we at the MEF wantto make ourmaterials as easy to access and review aspossible for professionals on the go!Copyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademyHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFFundamentals of Carrier EthernetStudy Guide Section 1IntroductionThis first section in the MEF-CECP Study Guide describes the differencesbetween the familiar Ethernet LAN that has been in use for over 30 years andCarrier Ethernet as defined by the MEF over the last 10 years.The fundamental concepts of Carrier Ethernet, Carrier Ethernet services andservices types (E-Line, E-LAN and E-Tree) are introduced as well as theconcepts of private and virtual Carrier Ethernet services. In this Section1 Fundamentals of Carrier Ethernet1.1 Carrier Ethernet and LANEthernet1.2 Carrier Ethernet Service Types1.3 Virtual Service and PrivateServiceDownload PDFDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents MEF 6.1MEF-CECP Test Objectives1 Services DefinitionsSend FeedbackName:Email: Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageCommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFCarrier Ethernet Services over TransportTechnologiesStudy Guide Section 2Carrier Ethernet services are designed to be delivered over all deployedtransport infrastructures. This section explains the capabilities and relativeadvantages of each transport technology in order to deploy a given CarrierEthernet service in the most effective way possible.This section also explains about use of resilience and protection mechanismswithin the underlying transport technology to maximize the resiliency of theCarrier Ethernet service running over that technology.This material is not intended to promote a given transport technology sincethe MEF defines Carrier Ethernet services without reference to a particularstandard or technology for the underlying transport. In this Section2 Carrier Ethernet Services overTransport Technologies2.1 Transport Technologies2.1.1 IEEE-based transporttechnologies2.1.1.1 Bridging2.1.1.2 Provider Bridging (PB)2.1.1.3 Provider BackboneBridging (PBB)2.1.1.4 Provider BackboneBridging - Traffic Engineering(PBB-TE)2.1.2 MPLS based2.1.2.1 VPWS2.1.2.2 VPLS2.1.2.3 MPLS-TP2.1.3 Transparent Transport2.1.3.1 SONET/SDH2.1.3.2 OTN2.1.3.3 WDM2.2 Protection and ResiliencyDownload PDF Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents IEEE 802.1Q-2009IEEE 802.1ad-2005IEEE 802.1ahIEEE 802.1QayITU-T G.8031ITU-T G.8032ITU-T Y.1415RFC 4448RFC 4761RFC 5921RFC 5960MEF-CECP Test Objectives2 Transporting Carrier EthernetServicesSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFCarrier Ethernet Services over AccessTechnologiesStudy Guide Section 3A key benefit of Carrier Ethernet is its ability to provide consistent, cost-efficient, high-performance services delivered to users who are connectedover the widest variety of access networks in any location.All the access infrastructures described in this section have significantadvantages depending on the range, bandwidth requirements, infrastructureavailability and other capabilities required for delivery of the E-Line, E-LAN,E-Tree or E-Access service. In fact, in many instances, Service Providers willuse a combination of several access technologies to their Subscriber's varioussites in order to complete the solution for the customer.This section highlights the relative capabilities of each access technology sothat both Subscribers and Service Providers can understand better how torequest and implement Carrier Ethernet services. In this Section3 Carrier Ethernet Services overAccess Technologies3.1 Access Infrastructures3.1.1 HFC (DOCSIS)3.1.2 PON3.1.3 Packet Radio3.1.4 PDH3.1.5 Fiber3.1.6 Bonded Copper3.2 Comparisons3.3 ExamplesDownload PDFDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents MEF Reference Presentation: AccessTechnologiesMEF White Paper: AccessTechnologiesIEEE 802.3 Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageIEEE 802.16MEF-CECP Test Objectives3 Carrier Ethernet AccessTechnologiesSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFKey Components of Carrier EthernetStudy Guide Section 4This section describes the basic constructs and definitions of Ethernet servicesincluding the following:SubscriberService ProviderOperatorCarrier Ethernet Network (CEN)User Network Interface (UNI)External Network to Network Interface (ENNI)Ethernet Virtual Circuit (EVC)Operator Virtual Circuit (OVC) In this Section4 Key Components of CarrierEthernet4.1 Subscribers, Service Providersand Operators4.2 EVC, OVC, UNI, ENNI and CEN(MEN)4.3 Service ModelsDownload PDFDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents MEF 10.2MEF 13MEF 26.1MEF-CECP Test Objectives4 Components of Carrier EthernetSend FeedbackName: Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageEmail:CommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFAttributes of Carrier Ethernet ServicesStudy Guide Section 5The Carrier Ethernet Service Definition Framework provides a model forspecifying Carrier Ethernet services. Carrier Ethernet Service types are genericconstructs used to create a broad range of services. Each Carrier Ethernetservice type has a set of Carrier Ethernet service attributes that define theservice characteristics. These Ethernet Service Attributes in turn have a set ofparameters associated with them that provide various options for thedifferent service attributes as shown in the following figure:Figure 5.F1 - Type-Attribute-Attribute Parameter[Source: MEF 6.1, figure 1]MEF 6.1 defines three Ethernet Service type generic constructs:Ethernet Line (E-Line) Service typeEthernet LAN (E-LAN) Service typeEthernet Tree (E-Tree) Service typeMEF 6.1 also defines the associated service attributes and parameters for eachservice type. The key differentiator is the type of connectivity provided, asindicated by the EVC Type'service attribute. The UNI and EVC serviceattributes and parameters are normatively defined in MEF 10.2.In this Section5 Attributes of Carrier EthernetServices5.15.2 UNI Attributes5.3 EVC per UNI Attributes5.4 EVC Attributes5.4.1 L2CP per MEF 6.1.15.5 ENNI Attributes5.6 OVC Attributes5.6.1 Hairpin switching5.7 OVC End Point per ENNIAttributes5.8 Bandwidth Profiles5.95.10 EVC Performance AttributesDownload PDFDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageThe subsections of this part of the Study Guide describe each attribute typeand explain how they are used to create the various Carrier Ethernet services. MEF 6.1MEF 10.2MEF 13MEF 20MEF 26.1IEEE 802.1AXIEEE 802.3 clause 43MEF-CECP Test Objectives5 Key UNI, ENNI, OVC, and EVCService AttributesSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFMEF Certification of Carrier EthernetServicesStudy Guide Section 6IntroductionThe MEF is the only industry body offering certification of Carrier Ethernetservices for service providers and equipment vendors. This certification isproof that a Carrier Ethernet service, or equipment used to deliver a CarrierEthernet service, has been tested successfully for compliance with therelevant MEF specifications.This section describes the:-Purpose of MEF CertificationDevelopment of MEF Technical Specifications, ImplementationAgreements, Abstract Test Suites and from there test plans that areused in the testing processTesting and certification process itselfRange of certifications available for Service Providers and EquipmentVendors In this Section6 MEF Certification of CarrierEthernet6.1 Purpose of Certification6.2 Definitions, IAs, ATSs, TestPlans6.3 Testing and Certification Process6.4 Certification for SPs6.5 Certification for VendorsDownload PDFDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents MEF-CECP Test Objectives6 MEF CertificationSend FeedbackName:Email: Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageCommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFTypical Target Applications Using CarrierEthernet ServicesStudy Guide Section 7This section of the MEF-CECP Study Guide explains which aspects of CarrierEthernet need to be taken into account when running popular applications.This is not an exhaustive list but does provide examples of the main factorsrelevant for different applications.Section 7.1: Access to IP Services Popular application for enterprises using Carrier Ethernet to obtain servicesfrom ISPsSection 7.2: Wholesale Access Services Operators providing Carrier Ethernet services to service providers in order toextend the coverage of the latter's footprintSection 7.3: Mobile Backhaul Using Carrier Ethernet for backhauling cell towersSection 7.4: Business ServicesEnterprises using Carrier Ethernet services to provide data connectivitybetween 2 or more of their sitesSection 7.5: TDM Private Line Replacement Carrier Ethernet services used to replace T1/E1 and other TDM legacy servicesSection 7.6: Frame Relay/ATM Replacement Carrier Ethernet services used to replace Frame Relay and/or ATM networkinfrastructureIn this Section7 Typical Applications Using CarrierEthernet Services7.1 Access to IP Services7.2 Wholesale Access Services7.3 Mobile Backhaul7.3.1 EVPL in Mobile Backhaul7.3.2 MEF 22 Use Cases7.4 Business Services7.5 TDM Private Line Replacement7.6 Frame Relay/ATM Replacement7.7 WDM Private NetworkReplacementDownload PDFDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents MEF 6.1MEF 8MEF 10.2 Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageSection 7.7: WDM Private Network Replacement Carrier Ethernet services used instead of WDM connections MEF 26.1MEF 28MEF Reference Presentation: AccessTechnologiesMEF Reference Presentation: MobileBackhaulMEF White Paper: CESoEMEF-CECP Test Objectives7 Target Applications for CarrierEthernet ServicesSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFPositioning of Carrier Ethernet with othertechnologiesStudy Guide Section 8Carrier Ethernet vs L2VPN, IP and TDMThis section provides information on L2VPN, IP and TDM service solutionscomparable to Carrier Ethernet in terms of the differences between thesesolutions and Carrier Ethernet. In addition, information is provided on ways toachieve a comparable service over a Carrier Ethernet Network (CEN). In this Section8 Positioning of Carrier Ethernetwith other technologies8.1 Carrier Ethernet and L2VPN8.2 Carrier Ethernet and IP8.3 Carrier Ethernet and TDMDownload PDFDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents MEF 6.1MEF 8MEF 10.2MEF 22.1MEF White Paper: CESoEIETF RFC 4448MEF-CECP Test Objectives8 Comparing and Positioning CarrierEthernet Services Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFSynchronization over Carrier Ethernet &Circuit EmulationStudy Guide Section 9Circuit Emulation Service over Ethernet (CESoETH) is a technology that enablestransport of TDM services over a Carrier Ethernet Network (CEN) as well asenabling packet-based clock synchronization over a CEN.CESoETH is specified in MEF 8 "Implementation Agreement for the Emulation ofPDH Circuits over Metro Ethernet Networks".MEF 8 gives precise instructions for implementing interoperable CES solutionsthat reliably transport TDM circuits across CENs while meeting the requiredperformance of circuit emulated TDM services as defined in ITU-T and ANSITDM standards.This section:-Explains the concept of emulated TDM circuits over EthernetPresents the MEF 8 modelDetails the components required for the serviceDetails the specific UNI and EVC attributes of CES over EthernetExplains the concept of packet-based sychronization and itsimplementation over Carrier Ethernet In this Section9 Synchronization over CarrierEthernet & Circuit Emulation< br/>9.1 Purpose and Need9.1.1 What is CESoETH9.1.2 MEF 8 model< br/>9.2 CES Components9.2.1 Interface to Customer9.2.2 Generic InterworkingFunction (GIWF)9.2.3 Functional Layering< br/>9.3 Service Definitions9.3.1 E-Line9.3.2 UNI Attributes9.3.3 EVC Attributes9.3.4 EVC per UNI Attributes< br/>9.4 Synchronization9.4.1 Packet BasedSynchronization Methods9.4.1.1 Adaptive Clock Recovery9.4.1.2 NTP Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate page9.4.1.3 1588 v29.4.2 SyncEDownload PDFDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents MEF 8MEF 22.1MEF Reference Presentation: AccessTechnologiesMEF-CECP Test Objectives9 CES over EthernetSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFCarrier Ethernet Service Operations,Administration and MaintenanceStudy Guide Section 10This section provides information about relevant standards, framework, faultand performance management of Ethernet Service OAM. In this Section10 Carrier Ethernet ServiceOperations, Administration andMaintenance10.1 Relevant Standards10.1.1 IEEE 802.1ag Overview10.1.2 Y.1731 Overview< br/>10.2 Framework10.2.0 Domains10.2.1 Constructs10.2.1.1 MEP, MIP, MEG, MEGLevel10.2.2 MEF 1710.2.2.1 Model10.2.2.2 Maintenance Entities< br/>10.3 Fault Management10.3.1 Definition10.3.2 Procedures10.3.2.1 Continuity CheckMessage10.3.2.2 Loopback Message10.3.2.3 Link Trace Message< br/> Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate page10.4 Performance Management10.4.1 Definition10.4.2 Procedures10.4.2.0 Frame Delay10.4.2.1 Delay MeasurementMessage10.4.2.2 Loss MeasurementMessage10.4.3 Computation Methods10.4.3.0 Frame Delay10.4.3.1 Inter-Frame DelayVariation10.4.3.2 Frame Loss Ratio10.4.3.3 Availability10.4.4 Measurement in E-Line, E-LAN, E-Tree< br/>10.5 CoS ImplementationAgreement - MEF 2310.5.1 Ethernet Network Section10.5.2 CoS Label Model10.5.3 Performance Parameters< br/>10.6 Performance ManagementImplementation10.6.1 Multi-CoS EVC10.6.2 Relationship to BandwidthProfile10.6.3 Interconnect via ENNIDownload PDFDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents MEF 10.2MEF 17MEF Reference Presentation:InterconnectITU-T Y.1731MEF-CECP Test Objectives10 Service OAMSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEF DisclaimerThis MEF Study Guide is designed to provide as much useful information as possible for those learning about MEF-standardized Carrier Ethernet, and specifically for those individuals planning to take MEF Professional Certification examssuch as MEF-CECP. The MEF makes every effort to keep the MEF Study Guide as up to date and as comprehensive aspossible. However, the MEF disclaims all responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of the MEF Study Guide anddisclaims all responsibility for any consequences whatsoever resulting from the use of the MEF Study Guide. Also, the MEFdoes not provide any assurance that use of this MEF Study Guide will ensure that MEF-CECP examinees answer MEF-CECPcertification exams correctly or pass the exam.Copyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet Academy Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEF MEF-CECP Exam ObjectivesObjective DescriptionMEFSpecsMEFMarketingIEEEStandardsITU-TStandardsIETFRFC1.1Describe and distinguishbetween the serviceattributes of EPL, EVPL, EP-LAN, EVP-LAN, EP-Tree, andEVP-Tree.MEF 6.11.2Describe how EPL, EVPL, EP-LAN, EVP-LAN, EP-Tree, andEVP-Tree are used to meetvarious subscriber needs.MEF 6.12.1Describe the connectivityproperties of bridging,provider bridging, providerbackbone bridging (PBB),provider backbone bridgingwith traffic engineeringextensions (PBB-TE),Ethernet over SONET/SDH,Carrier Ethernet over MPLSVPWS, Carrier Ethernet overMPLS VPLS, Carrier Ethernetover MPLS TP, CarrierEthernet over OTN, andCarrier Ethernet over WDM. 802.1ah802.1Qay802.1ad-2005 476159212.2Describe the capabilities ofthe bridging, providerbridging, provider backbonebridging (PBB), providerbackbone bridging withtraffic engineeringextensions (PBB-TE), MEF WhitePaper:EthernetServices and802.1ad-2005 Y.141544484761 Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageSONET/SDH, MPLS VPWS,MPLS VPLS, MPLS TP, OTNand WDM with regards todelivery of Carrier Ethernetservices.AccessTechnologies2.4Describe the advantages ofspecific Carrier Ethernettransport technologies. CarrierEthernetAccessReferencePresentation802.1Q-2009592159602.5Describe service protectionmechanisms. MobileBackhaulReferencePresentation802.1Q-2009G.8031G.8032 3.1Describe the capabilities ofEthernet over PDH, Ethernetover bonded copper,Ethernet over HFC, Ethernetover packet radio, Ethernetover fiber and Ethernet overPON. MEF WhitePaper:EthernetServices andAccessTechnologies 3.2Compare and contrastspecific Carrier EthernetAccess technologies. MEF WhitePaper:EthernetServices andAccessTechnologies 3.3Given a scenario, identifywhich Carrier EthernetAccess Technology will meetthe stated requirements. CarrierEthernetAccessReferencePresentationMEF WhitePaper:EthernetServices andAccessTechnologies802.3-2005802.16-2009 4.1Define Ethernet User-to-Network Interface (UNI),Ethernet External Network-to-Network Interface(ENNI), Ethernet VirtualConnection (EVC), ServiceProvider, Operator, andOperator Virtual Connection(OVC).MEF 10.2MEF 26 4.2Describe the role of EthernetUser-to-Network Interface(UNI), Ethernet ExternalNetwork-to-NetworkInterface (ENNI), EthernetVirtual Connection (EVC),Service Provider, Operator,and Operator VirtualConnection (OVC).MEF 26Define per UNI serviceattributes (e.g., physicalMEF 10.25.1interfaces, Frame format,Ingress/egress BandwidthProfiles, CE-VLAN ID/EVCMap, UNI protection).MEF 20 5.2Define EVC per UNI serviceattributes (e.g.ingress/egress BandwidthProfiles).MEF 6.1MEF 10.2 5.3Define per EVC serviceattributes (e.g., CE-VLAN IDPreservation, CoS IDPreservation, Relationshipbetween Service LevelAgreement and ServiceLevel Specification, Class ofService).MEF 10.25.4Define OVC End Point perENNI service attributes(e.g., ingress/egressbandwidth profiles).MEF 265.5 Describe bandwidth profiles.MEF 10.2MEF 26 5.6Given a service scenario,describe relevant serviceattributesettings/parameters.MEF 6.1MEF 10.2MEF 26 5.7Define and describe thecomponents of a ServiceLevel Specification and therelationship to Service LevelAgreement.MEF 10.25.8Define and describe ENNIattributes (e.g., physicalinterfaces, Frame format,Ingress/egress BandwidthProfiles, End Point Map,ENNI protection).MEF 265.9Define and describe OVCattributes (e.g., CE-VLAN IDPreservation, CoS IDPreservation, Relationshipbetween Service LevelAgreement and ServiceLevel Specification, Class ofService, hairpin switching).MEF 265.10Define and describe theCarrier Ethernet protectionmechanisms.MEF 20MEF 26 802.1AX802.3 clause 43 6.1Describe the Certificationprocess and requirementsfor networking equipment.6.2Describe the Certificationprocess and requirementsfor services delivered by aservice provider 6.3Describe what is covered byMEF 9, MEF 14, and MEF 18Certifications.MEF 9MEF 14MEF 18 6.4Describe the benefits of MEFCertification for equipmentvendors, Service Provider,and end users. 7.1Describe wholesale accessservices, retailcommercial/businessservices, mobile backhaulservices, Ethernet access toIP services, and supportinglegacy services overEthernet.MEF 22CarrierEthernetAccessReferencePresentationWhite PaperIntroductionto CESoE 7.2Describe which UNI or ENNIattribute values are selectedfor a given targetapplication.MEF 10.2MEF 26 7.3Describe which EVC or OVCattribute values are selectedfor a given targetapplication.MEF 10.2MEF 26 7.4Describe how specific servicerequirements of a targetapplication (e.g., framerelay, Dedicated InternetAccess, DSL or CableInternet access, TDM PrivateLines, WDM private networkare met using Ethernetservices.MEF 6.1MEF 10.2 7.5Given a scenario, determineappropriate Ethernetservices.MEF 6.1MEF 8MobileBackhaulReferencePresentationCarrierEthernetAccessReferencePresentation 8.1Compare and contrastEthernet services with L2,IP, and TDM private lineservices.MEF 6.1MEF 8White PaperIntroductionto CESoE44488.2Given a scenario,recommend an Ethernetservice to meet end userspecifications.MEF 6.1MEF 8MEF 10.2MEF 22 9.1Define the purpose and needfor Circuit Emulation overEthernet applications.MEF 8CarrierEthernetAccessReferencePresentation 9.2Define the criticalcomponents of circuitemulation over Ethernetservice.MEF 8CarrierEthernetAccessReferencePresentation 9.3Define the MEF ServiceDefinitions used to deliveremulated circuits.MEF 89.4Define the EVC serviceattributes required foremulated circuits.MEF 89.5Define the three techniquesand their uses for deliveringsynchronized clock overemulated circuits (e.g.,Adaptive, 1588v2,Synchronous Ethernet, NTP,PTP).MEF 229.6Describe how circuitemulation is used in MobileBackhaul applications.MEF 2210.1Describe the variouspartitioning ofresponsibilities for ServiceOperations Administrationand Maintenance (SOAM).MEF 1710.2Describe the basicmechanisms for faultmanagement.MEF 17 Y.173110.3Describe the basicmechanisms for performancemanagement.MEF 10.2MEF 17GlobalInterconnectReferencePresentationY.173110.4Describe the basic metricsfor performancemanagement.MEF 6.1MEF 10.2 Copyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademyHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEF DiagramsFundamentals of Carrier EthernetCarrier EthernetServices over Transport TechnologiesCarrier EthernetServices overAccess TechnologiesKey Components of Carrier EthernetAttributes of Carrier EthernetServicesMEF Certification of Carrier Ethernet ServicesTypical TargetApplications for Carrier EthernetServicesPositioning of Carrier Ethernet with other TechnologiesSynchronization over Carrier Ethernet &Circuit EmulationCarrier Ethernet Service OAMCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet Academy Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEF ReferencesThis page provides links to documents and associated links that are relevant for Carrier Ethernet study in general andspecifically for preparing for the MEF-CECP professional certification exam.MEF Specifications Service DefinitionsE-Line, E-LAN & E-Tree: MEF 6.1ENNI Support for UTA and VUNI: MEF 28E-Access: MEF 33MEF SpecificationsService AttributesEVC and UNI MEF 10.2OVC and ENNI MEF 26.1MEF Specifications Service OAMRequirements and FrameworkPhase 1 MEF 17MEF Specifications ImplementationAgreementsEmulation of PDH Circuits MEF 8User Network Interface (Type 1)MEF 13UNI Type 2 MEF 20Mobile Backhaul Phase 2 MEF Specifications Abstract Test SuitesEthernet Services at the UNI MEF 9Traffic Management Phase 1 MEF 14Circuit Emulation Services MEF 18MEF White PapersEthernet Services and AccessTechnologiesIntroduction to CESoE Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageMEF 22.1MEF ReferencePresentationsCarrier Ethernet and AccessTechnologiesCarrier Ethernet and MobileBackhaulInterconnect of Carrier EthernetNetworks and ServicesIEEE StandardsProvider Bridges 802.1ad-2005Provider Backbone Bridges802.1ah-2008Link Aggregation 802.1AX-2008Virtual LANs 802.1Q-2005Provider Backbone Bridging -Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE)802.1Qay-2009Ethernet 802.3-2005Ethernet Link Aggregation 802.3 clause 43Air Interface for Fixed and MobileBroadband Wireless AccessSystem 802.16-2009ITU-T RecommendationsEthernet-MPLS InterworkingY.1415OAM Functions and MechanismsY.1731Ethernet Protection SwitchingG.8031Ethernet Ring ProtectionSwitching G.8032IETF RFCsEncapsulation Methods forTransport of Ethernet over MPLSRFC 4448Virtual Private LAN Service(VPLS) Using BGP for Auto-Discovery and Signaling RFC 4761A Framework for MPLS inTransport Networks RFC 5921MPLS Transport Profile DataPlane Architecture RFC 5960 Copyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademyDisclaimerThis MEF Study Guide is designed to provide as much useful information as possible for those learning about MEF-standardized CarrierEthernet, and specifically for those individuals planning to take MEF Professional Certification exams such as MEF-CECP.The MEF makes every effort to keep the MEF Study Guide as up to date and as comprehensive as possible. However, the MEF disclaimsall responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of the MEF Study Guide and disclaims all responsibility for any consequenceswhatsoever resulting from the use of the MEF Study Guide.Also, the MEF does not provide any assurance that use of this MEF Study Guide willensure that MEF-CECP examinees answer MEF-CECPcertification exams correctly or pass the exam. Continue to Study Guide Continue to Study GuideHome About ContactMetro Ethernet Forum Ethernet Academy MEF-CECP Exam ObjectivesObjective DescriptionMEFSpecsMEFMarketingIEEEStandardsITU-TStandardsIETFRFC1.1Describe and distinguishbetween the service attributesof EPL, EVPL, EP-LAN, EVP-LAN, EP-Tree, and EVP-Tree.MEF 6.11.2Describe how EPL, EVPL, EP-LAN, EVP-LAN, EP-Tree, andEVP-Tree are used to meetvarious subscriber needs.MEF 6.12.1Describe the connectivityproperties of bridging,provider bridging, providerbackbone bridging (PBB),provider backbone bridgingwith traffic engineeringextensions (PBB-TE), Ethernetover SONET/SDH, CarrierEthernet over MPLS VPWS,Carrier Ethernet over MPLSVPLS, Carrier Ethernet overMPLS TP, Carrier Ethernet overOTN, and Carrier Ethernet 802.1ah802.1Qay802.1ad-2005 47615921More and moreCarrier Ethernet Professionals are turningto the MEF for information on the latest inCarrier Ethernet standards developmentand terminology.These professionals arehighly mobile and networked for theirwork, so we at the MEF want to make ourmaterials as easy to access and review aspossible for professionals on the go!over WDM.2.2Describe the capabilities of thebridging, provider bridging,provider backbone bridging(PBB), provider backbonebridging with trafficengineering extensions (PBB-TE), SONET/SDH, MPLS VPWS,MPLS VPLS, MPLS TP, OTN andWDM with regards to deliveryof Carrier Ethernet services. MEF WhitePaper:EthernetServices andAccessTechnologies802.1ad-2005 Y.1415444847612.4Describe the advantages ofspecific Carrier Ethernettransport technologies. CarrierEthernetAccessReferencePresentation802.1Q-2009592159602.5Describe service protectionmechanisms. MobileBackhaulReferencePresentation802.1Q-2009G.8031G.8032 3.1Describe the capabilities ofEthernet over PDH, Ethernetover bonded copper, Ethernetover HFC, Ethernet overpacket radio, Ethernet overfiber and Ethernet over PON. MEF WhitePaper:EthernetServices andAccessTechnologies 3.2Compare and contrast specificCarrier Ethernet Accesstechnologies. MEF WhitePaper:EthernetServices andAccessTechnologies 3.3Given a scenario, identifywhich Carrier Ethernet AccessTechnology will meet thestated requirements. CarrierEthernetAccessReferencePresentationMEF WhitePaper:EthernetServices andAccessTechnologies802.3-2005802.16-2009 4.1Define Ethernet User-to-Network Interface (UNI),Ethernet External Network-to-Network Interface (ENNI),Ethernet Virtual Connection(EVC), Service Provider,Operator, and Operator VirtualConnection (OVC).MEF 10.2MEF 26 4.2Describe the role of EthernetUser-to-Network Interface(UNI), Ethernet ExternalNetwork-to-Network Interface(ENNI), Ethernet VirtualConnection (EVC), ServiceProvider, Operator, andOperator Virtual Connection(OVC).MEF 265.1Define per UNI serviceattributes (e.g., physicalinterfaces, Frame format,Ingress/egress BandwidthProfiles, CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map,UNI protection).MEF 10.2MEF 20 5.2Define EVC per UNI serviceattributes (e.g. ingress/egressBandwidth Profiles).MEF 6.1MEF 10.2 5.3Define per EVC serviceattributes (e.g., CE-VLAN IDPreservation, CoS IDPreservation, Relationshipbetween Service LevelAgreement and Service LevelSpecification, Class ofService).MEF 10.25.4Define OVC End Point perENNI service attributes (e.g.,ingress/egress bandwidthprofiles).MEF 265.5 Describe bandwidth profiles.MEF 10.2MEF 26 5.6Given a service scenario,describe relevant serviceattribute settings/parameters.MEF 6.1MEF 10.2MEF 26 5.7Define and describe thecomponents of a Service LevelSpecification and therelationship to Service LevelAgreement.MEF 10.25.8Define and describe ENNIattributes (e.g., physicalinterfaces, Frame format,Ingress/egress BandwidthProfiles, End Point Map, ENNIprotection).MEF 265.9Define and describe OVCattributes (e.g., CE-VLAN IDPreservation, CoS IDPreservation, Relationshipbetween Service LevelAgreement and Service LevelSpecification, Class of Service,hairpin switching).MEF 265.10Define and describe theCarrier Ethernet protectionmechanisms.MEF 20MEF 26 802.1AX802.3 clause 43 6.1Describe the Certificationprocess and requirements fornetworking equipment. 6.2Describe the Certificationprocess and requirements forservices delivered by a serviceprovider 6.3Describe what is covered byMEF 9, MEF 14, and MEF 18Certifications.MEF 9MEF 14MEF 18 Describe the benefits of MEF6.4Certification for equipmentvendors, Service Provider, andend users. 7.1Describe wholesale accessservices, retailcommercial/business services,mobile backhaul services,Ethernet access to IP services,and supporting legacy servicesover Ethernet.MEF 22CarrierEthernetAccessReferencePresentationWhite PaperIntroductionto CESoE 7.2Describe which UNI or ENNIattribute values are selectedfor a given target application.MEF 10.2MEF 26 7.3Describe which EVC or OVCattribute values are selectedfor a given target application.MEF 10.2MEF 26 7.4Describe how specific servicerequirements of a targetapplication (e.g., frame relay,Dedicated Internet Access,DSL or Cable Internet access,TDM Private Lines, WDMprivate network are met usingEthernet services.MEF 6.1MEF 10.2 7.5Given a scenario, determineappropriate Ethernet services.MEF 6.1MEF 8MobileBackhaulReferencePresentationCarrierEthernetAccessReferencePresentation 8.1Compare and contrastEthernet services with L2, IP,and TDM private line services.MEF 6.1MEF 8White PaperIntroductionto CESoE4448MEF 6.18.2Given a scenario, recommendan Ethernet service to meetend user specifications.MEF 8MEF 10.2MEF 22 9.1Define the purpose and needfor Circuit Emulation overEthernet applications.MEF 8CarrierEthernetAccessReferencePresentation 9.2Define the critical componentsof circuit emulation overEthernet service.MEF 8CarrierEthernetAccessReferencePresentation 9.3Define the MEF ServiceDefinitions used to deliveremulated circuits.MEF 89.4Define the EVC serviceattributes required foremulated circuits.MEF 89.5Define the three techniquesand their uses for deliveringsynchronized clock overemulated circuits (e.g.,Adaptive, 1588v2,Synchronous Ethernet, NTP,PTP).MEF 229.6Describe how circuit emulationis used in Mobile Backhaulapplications.MEF 2210.1Describe the variouspartitioning of responsibilitiesfor Service OperationsAdministration andMaintenance (SOAM).MEF 1710.2Describe the basic mechanismsfor fault management.MEF 17 Y.173110.3Describe the basic mechanismsfor performance management.MEF 10.2MEF 17GlobalInterconnectReferenceY.1731Copyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademyPresentation10.4Describe the basic metrics forperformance management.MEF 6.1MEF 10.2 For more information on the MEF Professional Certification program click here.If you have questions regarding the MEF specifications, you should join the experts at the Ethernet Academy andparticipate in the Forums and Discussion Groups.Contact UsHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFFundamentals of Carrier EthernetStudy Guide Section 1.1Carrier Ethernet and LAN EthernetThe very widely used LAN Ethernet technology developed and implementedaround the world since the 1970's is just that - a Local Area Networktechnology designed for use within buildings or between buildings in acampus. LAN Ethernet is not designed for use over long distances withincities, across regions and between continents.LAN Ethernet is also designed for use only over specific short distanceinfrastructures (e.g. 100BaseT cabling), not over Wide Area Networkinfrastructures (e.g. PDH, SONET/SDH, DOCSIS, PON, WDM etc.)The different aspects of a true service are also not supported by the verypopular LAN Ethernet technology which does not guarantee levels ofavailability (e.g. 5 nines), Classes of Service suited to different applicationand user needs nor does it support the type of management capabilitiesrequired for large network service delivery that is available with legacy WANtechnologies.In order to combine the advantages of LAN Ethernet's large installed base andthe familiarity of its technology with the requirements of multi-site users andtheir service providers, the MEF began in 2001 to develop the specificationsthat today provide the basis for the use of Ethernet as a global networkingsolution.The MEF defined five key attributes that differentiate Carrier Ethernet fromLAN Ethernet, and which form the basis for the development of CarrierIn this Section1 Fundamentals of Carrier Ethernet1.1 Carrier Ethernet and LANEthernet1.2 Carrier Ethernet Service Types1.3 Virtual Service and PrivateServiceDownload PDFDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents MEF 6.1MEF-CECP Test Objectives1 Services DefinitionsSend FeedbackName:Email: Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageEthernet specifications by the MEF.5 Attributes of Carrier EthernetFigure 1.1.F1: 5 Attributes of Carrier EthernetStandardized servicesScalabilityReliabilityService managementQuality of serviceStandardized services enable end users and service providers to coordinate inorder to achieve data connectivity based on Carrier Ethernet betweenmultiple end user sites as required by organizations around the globe.Scalability enables the data connectivity of any number of multiple end usersites over any distance, whether it be metro, regional, national orintercontinental using Carrier Ethernet.Reliability enables end users to rely on Carrier Ethernet to run their businessand mission critical applications.Service management enables service providers to rollout, maintain andtroubleshoot data connectivity services based on Carrier Ethernet in a costeffective and timely manner.Quality of Service enables the use of a single network to run multipleservices to multiple end-users running a wide variety of applications withdifferent bandwidth and latency requirements - all by using Carrier Ethernet.Based on the goals of the 5 attributes and the specifications developed by theMEF, Carrier Ethernetdelivers Ethernet frames between different locations in any part ofthe world at speeds between 1 Mbps and at least 10 Gbpsdifferentiates between traffic of multiple end-users running over asingle networkruns over multiple types of infrastructure and transport technologiescoexists with existing Layer 2 and Layer 3 solutions while takingadvantage of the huge worldwide Ethernet installed baseCarrier Ethernet ServiceA Carrier Ethernet service is defined as a data communication service basedon Carrier Ethernet which is delivered to an organization (e.g. an enterprise)by an Ethernet Service Provider. The purpose of an Ethernet service is toconnect one or more remote sites, or to connect one or more end-user sitesto an Internet service provider, in a reliable, scalable and manageablemanner. The end user (also referred to as a subscriber) benefits from aCommentsSend Feedbackubiquitous, standardized, carrier-class service and network defined by fiveattributes that distinguish it from familiar LAN based Ethernet.Carrier Ethernet NetworkFigure 1.1.F2: Typical Carrier Ethernet NetworkThe connection between the customer's site and the Carrier Ethernet Network(CEN) is achieved by connecting a switch/router at the end-user premisesdenoted as CE (Customer Equipment) to one or more switches/routers of theService Provider (SP). The interface between the CE and the CEN is referredto as the User Network Interface (UNI)Is Carrier Ethernet a service, a network or a technology?For an end-user, Carrier Ethernet is a service defined by the five attributes ofCarrier Ethernet. For a service provider, Carrier Ethernet is simultaneously a:-Set of certified network elements that connect to one another inorder to transport the services offered to the customerPlatform of value added servicesStandardized service for all users Copyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademyHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFFundamentals of Carrier EthernetStudy Guide Section 1.2Carrier Ethernet Service TypesThe service provider and the end-user coordinate between them the requiredservice in terms of standardized service types and service attributes.There are three service types that describe the basic connectivity options of aCarrier Ethernet service:E-LineE-LANE-TreeThese Carrier Ethernet service types are fundamental to the Carrier Ethernetservice model and are defined in MEF 6.1. All aspects of the MEF's technical,marketing and certification work flow from the definitions and uses of E-Line,E-LAN and E-Tree. Brief descriptions for these service types are providedbelow, and are expanded upon in the remainder of this MEF-CECP StudyGuide.E-LineAn E-Line is a point to point Ethernet service that connects exactly 2 UNIs.Those 2 UNIs can communicate only with each other.In this Section1 Fundamentals of Carrier Ethernet1.1 Carrier Ethernet and LANEthernet1.2 Carrier Ethernet Service Types1.3 Virtual Service and PrivateServiceDownload PDFDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents MEF 6.1MEF-CECP Test Objectives1 Services DefinitionsSend FeedbackName:Email: Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageFigure 1.2.F1: E-Line Carrier Ethernet service typeE-Lines are used to create:-Ethernet Private LinesEthernet Virtual Private LinesEthernet Internet accessFor example, it can be used to replace TDM private lines. E-Line is the mostpopular Ethernet service type due to its simplicity.E-LANAn E-LAN is a multipoint to multipoint service that connects a number of UNIs(2 or more) providing full mesh connectivity for those sites. Each UNI cancommunicate with any other UNI that is connected to that Ethernet service.Figure 1.2.F2: E-LAN Carrier Ethernet service typeE-LANs are used to create:-Multipoint L2 VPNsTransparent LAN servicesLayer 2 VPNs (L2VPN)Foundation for IPTV and Multicast networksE-TreeAn E-Tree is a rooted multipoint service that connects a number of UNIsproviding sites with hub and spoke multipoint connectivity. Each UNI isdesignated as either 'root'or 'leaf'. A root UNI can communicate with any leafUNI, while a leaf UNI can communicate only with a root UNI.E-Trees provide the separation between UNIs required to deliver a singleservice instance in which different customers (each having a leaf UNI) connectto an ISP which has one or more root UNIs. Having more than one root UNI isuseful for load sharing and resiliency schemes.CommentsSend FeedbackFigure 1.2.F3: E-Tree Carrier Ethernet service typeE-Trees are used to create:-Multicast delivery servicesInternet accessMobile backhaul servicesTelemetry servicesDifference between E-LAN and E-TreeE-LAN services are appropriate when all UNIs can generate traffic towards anyother UNI and all UNIs belong to the same administrative domain - in otherwords when traffic separation between different organizations sharing theservice is not required.E-Tree services are appropriate when the service source is located at just oneUNI, or a small number of UNIs, each of which is designated a root UNI. Theend-users of the service are typically client organizations that require thattheir respective traffic will not be visible to other clients of the service.Root vs. LeafIn E-Lines and E-LANs, all UNIs are designated as a root UNI.In E-Tree, UNIs are designated either as root UNIs or as leaf UNIs.Root UNIsare used to source traffic that can be directed to any other UNI in the E-Tree.Those UNIs should be only able to see traffic that is originates in one of theroot UNIs in the E-Tree are designated as leaf UNIs.For example in an E-Tree used to provide access to multiple organizations to asingle ISP, the ISP POP will sit at the root UNI, whereas each organizationaccessing the ISP sits at a leaf UNI so that it is unable to see traffic to andfrom other ISP clients.Multiple root UNIs are permitted in E-Trees in order to support mirror sites(resiliency) and load sharing configurations. Copyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademyHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFFundamentals of Carrier EthernetStudy Guide Section 1.3Virtual Service and Private ServiceIn its simplest form, each UNI is dedicated to a single service instance,providing very simple mapping of customer traffic into the service.This type of service is referred to as a private service and is also called port-based, where the service granularity is the port used for the User NetworkInterface (UNI) connectivity.Private services can be offered for any topology.EPL: Ethernet Private Line for port-based point-to-point service. EPLis the private variant of an E-LineEP-LAN: Ethernet Private LAN for port-based multipoint-to-multipointservice. EP-LAN is the private variant of an E-LANEP-Tree: Ethernet Private Tree for port-based rooted-multipointservice. EP-Tree is the private variant of an E-Tree.The advantage of the private service approach is its simplicity. Thedisadvantage is its lack of scalability since it requires several ports on boththe Customer Equipment (CE) and the switch/router at the provider edge.To overcome this barrier to scalability, the MEF defined the virtual servicebased on the concept of VLANs where each service is identified by one ormore VLAN IDs. Following IEEE 802.1Q, the VLAN tag is the C-Tag.A virtual service means that a UNI can deliver multiple services using a singlephysical port, and can be offered for any topology.In this Section1 Fundamentals of Carrier Ethernet1.1 Carrier Ethernet and LANEthernet1.2 Carrier Ethernet Service Types1.3 Virtual Service and PrivateServiceDownload PDFDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents MEF 6.1MEF-CECP Test Objectives1 Services DefinitionsSend FeedbackName:Email: Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageEVPL: Ethernet Virtual Private Line for VLAN-based point-to-pointservice. EVPL is the virtual variant of an E-LineEVP-LAN: Ethernet Virtual Private LAN for VLAN-based multipoint-to-multipoint service. EVP-LAN is the virtual variant of an E-LANEVP-Tree: Ethernet Virtual Private Tree for VLAN-based rooted-multipoint service. EVP-Tree is the virtual variant of an E-Tree.Service MultiplexingIn order to enable a virtual service, the UNI attribute of Service Multiplexingmust be set to YES.In contrast, to enable a private service, the UNI attribute of All-to-OneBundling must be set to YES for all UNIs belonging to the service.This is illustrated in the example of an EVP-Tree service:Figure 1.3.F1: Example EVP-TreeEVC1 is used for Internet access, providing service to 3 customers UNIs A, Band C are leaf UNIs and therefore cannot see each other's traffic. This is aninstance of an EVP-Tree service. Note that if EVC1 had been implemented asan EVP-LAN, then UNI A and UNI B would be able to communicate and receiveeach other's traffic, which in this case is not desirable. Hence the use of EVP-Tree.EVC2 shares the same UNI port D with EVC1 and is used to deliver videomulticast to a different set of customers.Multiple Services using single UNIA single UNI can serve multiple Carrier Ethernet service types, as shown inthis example.Figure 1.3.F2: Multiple Carrier Ethernet services using single UNIThe headquarters (HQ) of the enterprise has 2 services sharing a single port onits router:EVPL connect the organization to its ISP. The traffic sent to the ISP carries C-Tags as agreed with the Carrier Ethernet Network (CEN) service providerEVP-LAN connects the HQ with 2 other branches, providing L2VPN betweenthese three sites.CommentsSend Feedback Copyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademyHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEF Download MEF-CECP Study Guide PDFThe MEF-CECP Study Guide is available for download.This is intended for non-iPad users. iPad users automatically have an offline version.Please note that this PDF version of the MEF-CECP Study Guide will change very frequently. If youare using an offline version, you should check frequently to see if you have the latest version.Current version: MEF On The GO 1.1.120617 (~21 MB)Please note that the disclaimer for the MEF-CECP Study Guide applies equally to the PDF version aswell as to the online versions. By downloading this PDF document you are accepting this disclaimer. 'Copyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet Academy Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEF MEF 6.1Metro Ethernet Services Definitions Phase 2SpecificationMEF 6.1 is a specification document developed by the Technical Committee of the MEF.Abstract:"This document uses the service attributes and parameters that are defined in the MEF Technical Specification EthernetServices Attributes Phase 2 [2] and applies them to create different Ethernet services. This document defines threegeneric service constructs called Ethernet Service types and specifies their associated service attributes and parametersused to create Point-to-Point, Multipoint-to-Multipoint, and Rooted-Multipoint Ethernet services. This document alsodefines the requirements for several Ethernet services that use these generic Ethernet Service types. In addition, aninformative appendix is provided showing examples of some of the defined services. This document supersedes andreplaces MEF 6, Ethernet Services Definitions - Phase 1 [1]." Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageDownloadReference PresentationThe MEF has prepared an overview presentation which explains the MEF 6.1 specification.Download Copyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademyHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFTest Objectives 1 1Service Definitions1.1 Describe and distinguish between the service attributes of EPL, EVPL, EP-LAN, EVP-LAN, EP-Tree, and EVP-Tree.1.2 Describe how EPL, EVPL, EP-LAN, EVP-LAN, EP-Tree, and EVP-Tree areused to meet various subscriber needs.In this Section1 Fundamentals of Carrier Ethernet1.1 Carrier Ethernet and LANEthernet1.2 Carrier Ethernet Service Types1.3 Virtual Service and PrivateServiceDownload PDFDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents MEF 6.1MEF-CECP Test Objectives1 Services DefinitionsSend FeedbackName:Email: Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageCommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFCarrier Ethernet Services over TransportTechnologiesStudy Guide Section 2.1Transport TechnologiesCarrier Ethernet services can be implemented over any network based on thefollowing transport technologies:Transparent BridgingProvider Bridging (PB)Provider Backbone Bridging (PBB)Provider Backbone Bridging with Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE)MPLS VPWSMPLS VPLSMPLS TPSONET/SDHOTNDWDM and CWDMIt is important to understand which transport technologies enable whichCarrier Ethernet services and which attributes are required, as well as tounderstand the differences in capabilities (e.g. transparency to L2CP,topology) of these technologies. This is explained in the corresponding sectionson each technology. For the sake of simplicity, the above technologies have been grouped underthe following categories:IEEE-based transport technologiesMPLS-based transport technologiesIn this Section2 Carrier Ethernet Services overTransport Technologies2.1 Transport Technologies2.1.1 IEEE-based transporttechnologies2.1.1.1 Bridging2.1.1.2 Provider Bridging (PB)2.1.1.3 Provider BackboneBridging (PBB)2.1.1.4 Provider BackboneBridging - Traffic Engineering(PBB-TE)2.1.2 MPLS based2.1.2.1 VPWS2.1.2.2 VPLS2.1.2.3 MPLS-TP2.1.3 Transparent Transport2.1.3.1 SONET/SDH2.1.3.2 OTN2.1.3.3 WDM2.2 Protection and ResiliencyDownload PDF Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageTransparent transport technologies Download a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents IEEE 802.1Q-2009IEEE 802.1ad-2005IEEE 802.1ahIEEE 802.1QayITU-T G.8031ITU-T G.8032ITU-T Y.1415RFC 4448RFC 4761RFC 5921RFC 5960MEF-CECP Test Objectives2 Transporting Carrier EthernetServicesSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFCarrier Ethernet Services over TransportTechnologiesStudy Guide Section 2.2Protection and ResiliencyWhen connecting network elements in order to create a network, it iscommon practice to consider and provision for various failures. Ideally, thetraffic should continue to flow even if a failure of a link or a port hasoccurred.There are three types of failures to consider:1.Port Failure2.Link Failure3.Network Element (NE) FailureSince MEF services define interfaces only, we focus on the first two types offailures. It should be noted that NE failure handling is heavily dependent onthe transport technology of the specific network in question.Port protectionWe focus our discussion on the external Interfaces - namely UNI and ENNI.MEF 20 defines as a mandatory feature of UNI Type 2.2 the capability toprotect against a UNI-N port failure and/or protect against a failure of aphysical link crossing the UNI point.The solution is LAG (Link Aggregation). The basic concept is having standbylinks that can be used upon failure of a working (active) link. LAG enables theIn this Section2 Carrier Ethernet Services overTransport Technologies2.1 Transport Technologies2.1.1 IEEE-based transporttechnologies2.1.1.1 Bridging2.1.1.2 Provider Bridging (PB)2.1.1.3 Provider BackboneBridging (PBB)2.1.1.4 Provider BackboneBridging - Traffic Engineering(PBB-TE)2.1.2 MPLS based2.1.2.1 VPWS2.1.2.2 VPLS2.1.2.3 MPLS-TP2.1.3 Transparent Transport2.1.3.1 SONET/SDH2.1.3.2 OTN2.1.3.3 WDM2.2 Protection and ResiliencyDownload PDF Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pagedefinition of a LAG group of at least 2 ports/2 physical links and consideringthem as a single logical link. The UNI-N and UNI-C can be perceived asconnected over this single logical link. Note that one could connect 4 X 1GbElinks and operate 3 of them as active links with one standby link. This wouldyield a logical link of 3 Gbps between the UNI-N and UNI-C.For ENNI the definition is stricter. LAG is defined for exactly 2 ports whereonly one link is active and the second one is standby. The reason for thislimitation is the desire to have the service frames and SOAM frame traversethe same link as each other, which cannot be guaranteed with LAG operatingmore than one active link (load sharing LAG). MEF recommends operating LAGwith its control protocol LACP.UNI protection is depicted in the following figure: 2.2.F1 - UNI protectionENNI Protection is depicted in the following figure:2.2.F2 - ENNI ProtectionIt should be noted that some vendors do allow LAG between different line-cards or chasses and thus utilize LAG not only for port and link protection butalso for NE protection. However, there is no industry standard for thissolution.Service protectionService Protection deals with the need to ensure that the EVC/OVC canprovide the service even if a specific link or node within the CEN fails. Thisenables the Service Provider to offer high availability (e.g. five 9savailability). It should be noted that not all services require resiliency.Services that offer this capability are sometimes priced higher. Also, it couldbe that service protection is offered for a certain CoS ID and not for others.For example a certain enterprise could request that a business criticalapplication be protected while passing on protection for the lower-priorityInternet access. This is supported by the fact that performance attributes likeavailability are per CoS ID.There are two approaches:Active:Standby EVCIn this approach, there are 2 EVCs with identical service attributes. At anygiven time only one EVC is used for the service. At the ingress UNI a certainlogic is used to decide which of the 2 EVCs are in use.Download a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents IEEE 802.1Q-2009IEEE 802.1ad-2005IEEE 802.1ahIEEE 802.1QayITU-T G.8031ITU-T G.8032ITU-T Y.1415RFC 4448RFC 4761RFC 5921RFC 5960MEF-CECP Test Objectives2 Transporting Carrier EthernetServicesSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsSend Feedback2.2.F3 - Standby EVC in Mobile BackhaulSingle EVC with transport protectionIn this approach, there is a single EVC. The transport network is provisioned toprovide protection in case of link failure. For example in MPLS-TP there wouldbe 2 LSPs connecting the UNIs, one designated as active while the other isdesignated as standby.Fault Identification and RecoveryWhen there are two paths through a network that act as active:standby, thefundamental question is how to detect the situation where the active path isno longer functioning.A common requirement from the TDM world is to detect and switchover in lessthan 50 msec. Ethernet protection that was built upon spanning tree wouldtake a few seconds to find a new path.Since then, new mechanisms have been defined to facilitate the sub-50 msecrequirement. One common approach is to run CCM messages at a high rate(e.g. 10 msec or even 3.33 msec).When one end of the EVC does not receive 3 consecutive CCMs, it assumesthat the path is not functioning and will take several actions like issuing a linkfault alarm and switch to the backup path.Note that some implementations may constantly monitor the backup path tooand determine whether the backup path is alive.Once switchover has occured, the service is considered recovered.This approach hides the internal resiliency mechanism from the end user whowill feel only a very short traffic disruption.The concept is depicted in the following figure:2.2.F4 - Internalresiliency mechanismG.8031, G.8032The ITU-T has defined two standards that handle path protection. These areG.8031 (Ethernet linear protection switching) and G.8032 (Ethernet linearprotection switching) Both utilize Y.1731 CCM messages for fault detection.G.8031 is similar to SONET path protection. It is based on a working and aprotection path between two end points. Switching upon failure can occur inunder 50 msec. The concept is illustrated in the following figure:2.2.F5 - Link protection in G.8031 and G.8032G.8031 can be implemented over many transport technologies and is networktopology independent.G.8032 is specifically for ring architectures, including virtual rings, wherethere are obvious main and alternate paths along the ring between any 2points.The protocol also breaks loops and therefore make STP redundant.The following figure illustrates virtual ring made out of a physical star:2.2.F6 - Virtualring on physical starThe ring protection is illustrated in the following figure:2.2.F7 - Ring protectionIn both mechanisms assuming that the protection is done between twoexternal interfaces (UNI to UNI, UNI to ENNI, ENNI to ENNI), the EVC/OVCdoes not sense the protection switching, other than the short interval whereall service frames are lost.MPLS FRRMPLS Fast ReRoute (MPLS FRR) is a local protection mechanism in MPLSnetworks where the LSP can bypass a faulty node or link using locally createdbypass. This is achieved in under 50 msec and can be triggered locally uponnode or port down status.The Ethernet layer does not sense the bypass and the EVC that is carried overthe LSP continues to flow normally, other than the short interval where allservice frames are lost.This is illustrated in the figure below:2.2.F8 - MPLS FRRCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademyHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFCarrier Ethernet Services over TransportTechnologiesStudy Guide Section 2.1.1IEEE-based transport technologiesCarrier Ethernet services can be delivered over IEEE 802.1 standards-based:Bridged networksProvider Bridged (PB) networksProvider Backbone Bridged (PBB) networksProvider Backbone Bridged with Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE) networksAll these networks require some form of layer 1/2 transport technology tointerconnect bridges. Typically, these bridges are interconnected with IEEE802.3 Ethernet.The capabilities of each of the IEEE 802.1 standards-based technologies usedin these networks needs to be taken into account when implementing any ofthe six Carrier Ethernet services:EPLEVPLEP-LANEVP-LANEP-TreeEVP-TreeThese technologies, and the Carrier Ethernet services delivered over them,can operate over any physical topology:In this Section2 Carrier Ethernet Services overTransport Technologies2.1 Transport Technologies2.1.1 IEEE-based transporttechnologies2.1.1.1 Bridging2.1.1.2 Provider Bridging (PB)2.1.1.3 Provider BackboneBridging (PBB)2.1.1.4 Provider BackboneBridging - Traffic Engineering(PBB-TE)2.1.2 MPLS based2.1.2.1 VPWS2.1.2.2 VPLS2.1.2.3 MPLS-TP2.1.3 Transparent Transport2.1.3.1 SONET/SDH2.1.3.2 OTN2.1.3.3 WDM2.2 Protection and ResiliencyDownload PDF Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pagemeshpartial meshtreeset of rings Download a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents IEEE 802.1Q-2009IEEE 802.1ad-2005IEEE 802.1ahIEEE 802.1QayITU-T G.8031ITU-T G.8032ITU-T Y.1415RFC 4448RFC 4761RFC 5921RFC 5960MEF-CECP Test Objectives2 Transporting Carrier EthernetServicesSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFCarrier Ethernet Services over TransportTechnologiesStudy Guide Section 2.1.1.1BridgingBridging refers to networks that pass frames using C-Tags in accordance withIEEE 802.1Q. The C-Tag frame format is shown below:2.1.1.1.F1 - C-Tag Frame FormatThe format of the C-Tag itself is provided below:2.1.1.1.F2 - C-Tag FormatIn a CEN (Carrier Ethernet Network) that is based on bridging, the ingressIn this Section2 Carrier Ethernet Services overTransport Technologies2.1 Transport Technologies2.1.1 IEEE-based transporttechnologies2.1.1.1 Bridging2.1.1.2 Provider Bridging (PB)2.1.1.3 Provider BackboneBridging (PBB)2.1.1.4 Provider BackboneBridging - Traffic Engineering(PBB-TE)2.1.2 MPLS based2.1.2.1 VPWS2.1.2.2 VPLS2.1.2.3 MPLS-TP2.1.3 Transparent Transport2.1.3.1 SONET/SDH2.1.3.2 OTN2.1.3.3 WDM2.2 Protection and ResiliencyDownload PDF Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pagebridge translates the incoming CE-VLAN ID to a specific tag defined for aservice. Each service is identified by a unique VLAN ID. In such a scenario, theavailable VLAN IDs in the range 1 through 4094 must be shared andcoordinated between the subscribers and the CEN operator to ensure that thesame value is not used twice. Obviously, subscribers cannot send untagged frames and frames with prioritytags across a CEN based on bridging since the egress bridge will not know howto regenerate the tags and priorities in the frames forwarded to thesubscriber site. In addition, MAC learning is shared by subscriber bridges andthe CEN's bridges, which again implies several limitations. This fact coupledwith limited port filtering of the bridges makes support of E-Tree a significantconfiguration challenge. In addition, such a network cannot support bundling,as it is not possible to regenerate the original CE-VLAN IDs on an egress UNIusing a single C-Tag. Since the CEN operates using bridges, it relies on xSTP (any variant ofSpanning Tree Protocol) for loop prevention and resiliency. In the event of alink failure, xSTP is used to find a new path through the CEN. This impliesthat some subscriber L2CPs will not be tunneled through a CEN based onbridging. Using the C-Tag for service identification and dividing the applicable VLAN IDrange between the operator and the subscriber affects the number of servicesthat can be supported. Also, there must be coordination between all participating UNIs of the CE-VLAN IDs used for each service. The CoS ID for an EVC is identified by the PCP bits. No other field canrepresent the CoS within the CEN. Therefore, if the PCP bits are used to set aspecific EVC CoS, then the CE-VLAN CoS preservation attribute cannot be setto Yes. In addition, the 8 possible values are shared between CoS ID and frame color.These values need to be transported through the CEN. It is clear that only small scale CENs will be based on bridging, and wherethere are no ENNIs (since they require use of S-Tags). The support for the various Ethernet services is summarized in the followingtable:Download a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents IEEE 802.1Q-2009IEEE 802.1ad-2005IEEE 802.1ahIEEE 802.1QayITU-T G.8031ITU-T G.8032ITU-T Y.1415RFC 4448RFC 4761RFC 5921RFC 5960MEF-CECP Test Objectives2 Transporting Carrier EthernetServicesSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsSend Feedback2.1.1.1.T1 - Bridging supportfor Carrier Ethernet ServicesCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademyHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFCarrier Ethernet Services over TransportTechnologiesStudy Guide Section 2.1.1.2Provider Bridging (PB)Provider Bridging (PB), as specified by IEEE 802.1ad, aims to solve theproblematic coordination of VLAN IDs between service providers andsubscribers that is required in bridging. PB is also designed to supporttunneling of customer traffic through a service provider's network. Thistunneling is achieved using a stacked VLAN approach, also known as Q-in-Q.The IEEE 802.1ad amendment introduced a second type of VLAN tag for thepurpose of delineating the service provider's tag from the customer's tag. Thisservice provider tag is known as the S-Tag, while the customer continues touse the original VLAN tag, known as the C-Tag.The Double Tag Frame Format is shown below:2.1.1.2.F1 - Double Tag Frame FormatThe structure of the S-Tag is shown below: In this Section2 Carrier Ethernet Services overTransport Technologies2.1 Transport Technologies2.1.1 IEEE-based transporttechnologies2.1.1.1 Bridging2.1.1.2 Provider Bridging (PB)2.1.1.3 Provider BackboneBridging (PBB)2.1.1.4 Provider BackboneBridging - Traffic Engineering(PBB-TE)2.1.2 MPLS based2.1.2.1 VPWS2.1.2.2 VPLS2.1.2.3 MPLS-TP2.1.3 Transparent Transport2.1.3.1 SONET/SDH2.1.3.2 OTN2.1.3.3 WDM2.2 Protection and ResiliencyDownload PDF Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate page2.1.1.2.F2 - S-Tag FormatThe value of the S-VLAN ID can be 1 through 4094.Typically, a PB can support up to 4094 services. In some specificconfigurations, a specific S-VLAN ID can be used for more than one service solong as it can be guaranteed that those services sharing the VLAN ID aretransported through separate bridges with no overlap of their paths.As shown in the figure above, the S-VLAN Priority field is 3-bit wide, allowingfor 8 possible values. The Drop Eligible Indicator can be used to represent aframe's color. When the DEI bit is clear, the frame is considered to be Green.When the DEI bit is set, the frame is considered to be Yellow.The edge bridge of the PB network performs the mapping to an EVC or anOVC, where the EVC or OVC is identified by an S-VLAN ID. It is also possible toadd an S-Tag to ingress C-Tagged frame, thereby preserving the Subscriber'soriginal C-VLAN ID. This is also true in the case of an untagged frame.PB supports all six MEF-defined services (EPL, EVPL, EP-LAN, EVP-LAN, EP-Tree and EVP-Tree). PB inherently supports service multiplexing by allowingservice providers to map C-VLANs to S-VLANs at a port being used for the UNI.PB relies on the bridges within the CEN (Carrier Ethernet Network) formulticast operations required by E-LAN and E-Tree services.Note that E-Tree requires certain specific filtering to be configured on thosebridges connected to leaf UNIs. The capabilites are summarized in the following table:Download a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents IEEE 802.1Q-2009IEEE 802.1ad-2005IEEE 802.1ahIEEE 802.1QayITU-T G.8031ITU-T G.8032ITU-T Y.1415RFC 4448RFC 4761RFC 5921RFC 5960MEF-CECP Test Objectives2 Transporting Carrier EthernetServicesSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsSend Feedback2.1.1.2.T1 - Provider Bridging Support for Carrier Ethernet ServicesPB forwarding is based on spanning tree for finding a path from source todestination. PB service resiliency is based on RSTP and MSTP. Pre-definedbackup paths are not supported and therefore, the convergence time dependson the topology and RSTP message rate. Port protection for UNI or ENNI canbe supported using LAG.Copyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademyHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFCarrier Ethernet Services over TransportTechnologiesStudy Guide Section 2.1.1.3Provider Backbone Bridging (PBB)Provider Backbone Bridging (PBB) in IEEE 802.1ah was developed to solve theproblem of scaling to more than 4,094 services in a Provider Bridged network,and to provide service providers with a bridging technology that would allowthem to encapsulate the Subscriber's MAC addresses, VLANs, and data, makingthe transport of such frames "transparent" across their network.The concept of PBB is to create a backbone network that interconnects PBnetworks at the customer edge. PBB can be used to connect C-Tagged networks (CEs in MEF's terminology).A PBB network (PBBN) can be a service provider's CEN that providesconnectivity between UNIs for Subscribers through EVCs. Similarly, a PBBnetwork could be an operator's network that provides connectivity from ENNI-to-ENNI or from ENNI-to-UNI for service providers through OVCs.The concept of MAC-in-MAC was introduced in PBB. MAC-in-MAC allows theservice provider to fully encapsulate the customer 802.1Q frame withinanother MAC, which abstracts the service provider from the Subscriber'saddress and VLAN information. At the ingress to the PBB network, a second MAC header is inserted by thebridge. With this technique, the Subscriber's frame is kept intact andunaltered from end-to-end throughout the provider's backbone network. Thebackbone bridges can only interpret the outermost MAC header information.Furthermore, a new Tag type called the I-SID (Backbone Service InstanceIn this Section2 Carrier Ethernet Services overTransport Technologies2.1 Transport Technologies2.1.1 IEEE-based transporttechnologies2.1.1.1 Bridging2.1.1.2 Provider Bridging (PB)2.1.1.3 Provider BackboneBridging (PBB)2.1.1.4 Provider BackboneBridging - Traffic Engineering(PBB-TE)2.1.2 MPLS based2.1.2.1 VPWS2.1.2.2 VPLS2.1.2.3 MPLS-TP2.1.3 Transparent Transport2.1.3.1 SONET/SDH2.1.3.2 OTN2.1.3.3 WDM2.2 Protection and ResiliencyDownload PDF Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageIdentifier) was introduced by PBB. The I-SID provides 24 bits for identifyingservices, which enables the PBB network (PBBN) to uniquely identify up to 16million service instances. This is equivalent to the scalability provided byMPLS. In fact, the number of services per link is even higher than 16M. This isbecause a link can serve multiple destination B_DA, each of which supports16M services. Therefore, in practice, the number of services per link in PBB isunlimited. PBB introduces two new types of tags: the Backbone VLAN Tag (B-Tag) andthe Backbone Service Instance Tag (I-Tag). The B-Tag is identical to an S-Tag,but is the tag that Backbone Bridges within the PBBN use to make trafficforwarding decisions. The I-Tag encapsulates the Subscriber's MAC informationand identifies the service instance through the I-SID. The I-SID is a 24-bit fieldthat is used to uniquely identify up to 16 million service instances.The frame format is depicted below: 2.1.1.3.F1 - frame formatOn ingress, each service frame is parsed in order to identify the correctEVC/OVC to which it is mapped. A new MAC header is then added accordingly.The CEN (Carrier Ethernet Network) then forwards the frame through thePBBN according to the backbone header. Forwarding is performed exactly asin PB (Provider Bridging). Bridges learn (backbone) addresses, flood when anunknown address is identified, and use the same xSTP-based resiliencymechanisms as in PB.The B-Tag (which is identical to an S-Tag is format and TPID) has 3 bits of PCPfor CoS identification and can use the DEI bit for color marking within theCEN, which is necessary for ENNI color forwarding.One of the following actions can be performed on the value of the B-Tag'sPCP: - mapped from the original S-Tag - set to the EVC/OVC attributes -mapped from the original frame's DSCP header. This enables PBB to supportup to 8 CoSs per EVC/OVC. PBB provides the same connectivity properties of a PB. Therefore PB cansupport E-LINE, E-LAN and E-Tree with same constraints as in PB networks. Inother words, in PBB networks, there is limited transparency for EPL due toL2CP filtering by the ingress bridges. Also, there is the need to add leaf-to-leaf filtering in an E-Tree since this is not an intrinsic PB or PBB cabability.The support for the various Ethernet services is summarized in the followingtable:Download a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents IEEE 802.1Q-2009IEEE 802.1ad-2005IEEE 802.1ahIEEE 802.1QayITU-T G.8031ITU-T G.8032ITU-T Y.1415RFC 4448RFC 4761RFC 5921RFC 5960MEF-CECP Test Objectives2 Transporting Carrier EthernetServicesSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsSend Feedback2.1.1.3.T1 - Provider Backbone Bridging Support for Carrier Ethernet ServicesPBB forwarding is based on spanning tree. In some cases the forwarding tablescan be adjusted to provide a specific path between B_SA and B_DA. PBBservice resiliency is based on RSTP and MSTP. Pre-defined backup paths arenot supported and therefore, convergence time depands on the topology andRSTP message rate. Port protection for UNI or ENNI can be supported usingLAG. Copyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademyHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFCarrier Ethernet Services over TransportTechnologiesStudy Guide Section 2.1.1.4Provider Backbone Bridging - Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE)PBB networks are quite different from other transport networks in somefundamental aspects. The PBB network selects the path between source anddestination without the operator's control. PBB lacks pre-defined back-uppaths that are essential for delivering sub-50 msec service protection. Finally,the flooding of unknown frames can impact the the ability to provide aservice with guaranteed bandwidth.PBB-TE (Provide Backbone Bridging - Traffic Engineering) was specified in IEEE802.1Qay to address these issues. Note that some vendors refer to PBB-TE asPBT (Provider Bridging Transport).PBB-TE uses the same frame format as in PBB. However PBB-TE enablesdefinition of end-to-end active and backup paths by means of managementplane configuration. The network operator has administrative control overthese paths, which allows them to "traffic engineer" the network. This methodis sometimes referred to as Connection Oriented Ethernet. Having pre-defined paths eliminates the need to flood the network withunknown frames and also means that xSTP is not required. Instead, CCMmessages can be exchanged along the path to detect and recover from link ornode faults in less than 50 msec.PBB-TE services and CoS capabilities are the same as with PBB. This results inextremely scalable PBB-TE networks with guaranteed paths and ability tomore easily guarantee bandwidth.In this Section2 Carrier Ethernet Services overTransport Technologies2.1 Transport Technologies2.1.1 IEEE-based transporttechnologies2.1.1.1 Bridging2.1.1.2 Provider Bridging (PB)2.1.1.3 Provider BackboneBridging (PBB)2.1.1.4 Provider BackboneBridging - Traffic Engineering(PBB-TE)2.1.2 MPLS based2.1.2.1 VPWS2.1.2.2 VPLS2.1.2.3 MPLS-TP2.1.3 Transparent Transport2.1.3.1 SONET/SDH2.1.3.2 OTN2.1.3.3 WDM2.2 Protection and ResiliencyDownload PDF Test ObjectivesList of the certificationtest objectives providingthe examinee with asummary of the topicscovered in the MEF-CECPexam MEF GlossaryConsolidated list ofprimary and equivalentterms used in the MEF MEF DiagramsGallery of diagrams usedin MEF materials ReferencesLinks to all documentsreferenced by the MEF-CECP certification exam,as well as other usefulinformationStudying for MEF-CECP CertificationMEF-CECP Study Guide Study GuideLinks to all the topicscovered by the MEF-CECPStudy Guide in one easy-to-navigate pageThe support for the various Ethernet services is summarized in the followingtable:2.1.1.4.T1 - PBB-TE Support for Carrier Ethernet ServicesDownload a pdf foroffline viewing.Reference Documents IEEE 802.1Q-2009IEEE 802.1ad-2005IEEE 802.1ahIEEE 802.1QayITU-T G.8031ITU-T G.8032ITU-T Y.1415RFC 4448RFC 4761RFC 5921RFC 5960MEF-CECP Test Objectives2 Transporting Carrier EthernetServicesSend FeedbackName:Email:CommentsCopyright 2011-2012 Metro Ethernet Forum Disclaimer Copyright 2011-2012 Ethernet AcademySend FeedbackHome About ContactEthernet Academy Training Services MEFCarrier Ethernet Services over TransportTechnologiesStudy Guide Section 2.1.2MPLS based transport technologiesCarrier Ethernet services can be delivered over networks based on MPLSVPWS, MPLS VPLS and MPLS-TP. These technologies are based on MPLSstandards specified by IETF and ITU-T. They all require some form of layer1/2 transport technology betweeen the routers. These technologies canoperate over any physical topology: mesh, partial mesh, tree or set of rings.From the point of view of Carrier Ethernet, the fundamentals of VPWS, VPLSand MPLS TP are similar. LERs (PEs) at the network edges and LSRs (PEs) inthe core. In this Section2 Carrier Ethernet Services overTransport Technologies2.1 Transport Technolo