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John F. Kennedy John F. Kennedy

assassinationassassination

ArgumentArgument John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29, 1917 –

November 22, 1963), often referred to by his November 22, 1963), often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963. 1963.

Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963, Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas. Lee Harvey Oswald was charged in Dallas, Texas. Lee Harvey Oswald was charged with the crime but was shot and killed two days with the crime but was shot and killed two days later by Jack Ruby before any trial. The FBI, the later by Jack Ruby before any trial. The FBI, the Warren Commission, and the House Select Warren Commission, and the House Select Committee on Assassinations (HSCA) concluded Committee on Assassinations (HSCA) concluded that Oswald was the assassin, with the HSCA that Oswald was the assassin, with the HSCA allowing for the probability of conspiracy based on allowing for the probability of conspiracy based on disputed acoustic evidence. Today, Kennedy disputed acoustic evidence. Today, Kennedy continues to rank highly in public opinion ratings of continues to rank highly in public opinion ratings of former U.S. presidentsformer U.S. presidents. .

ForewardForeward John F. Kennedy, the thirty-fifth President of the John F. Kennedy, the thirty-fifth President of the

United States, was assassinated at 12:30 p.m. United States, was assassinated at 12:30 p.m. Central Standard Time (18:30 UTC) on Friday, Central Standard Time (18:30 UTC) on Friday, November 22, 1963, in Dealey Plaza, Dallas, Texas. November 22, 1963, in Dealey Plaza, Dallas, Texas. Kennedy was fatally shot while riding with his wife Kennedy was fatally shot while riding with his wife Jacqueline in a Presidential motorcade.Jacqueline in a Presidential motorcade.

The ten-month investigation of the Warren The ten-month investigation of the Warren Commission of 1963–1964 concluded that the Commission of 1963–1964 concluded that the President was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald. President was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald. Oswald was murdered by Jack Ruby before he Oswald was murdered by Jack Ruby before he could stand trial. This conclusion was initially met could stand trial. This conclusion was initially met with support among the American public; however, with support among the American public; however, polls conducted from 1966 to 2004 concluded polls conducted from 1966 to 2004 concluded approximately 80 percent of the American public approximately 80 percent of the American public have held beliefs contrary to these findings.have held beliefs contrary to these findings.

AssassinationAssassination At 12:30 P.M. CST, as Kennedy's uncovered limousine entered At 12:30 P.M. CST, as Kennedy's uncovered limousine entered

Dealey Plaza and slowly approached Dealey Plaza, which included Dealey Plaza and slowly approached Dealey Plaza, which included the Texas School Book Depository, Nellie Connally, then the First the Texas School Book Depository, Nellie Connally, then the First Lady of Texas, turned around to Kennedy, who was sitting behind Lady of Texas, turned around to Kennedy, who was sitting behind her, and commented, "Mr. President, you can't say Dallas doesn't her, and commented, "Mr. President, you can't say Dallas doesn't love you," which President Kennedy acknowledged. love you," which President Kennedy acknowledged.

When the Presidential limousine turned and passed the When the Presidential limousine turned and passed the Depository and continued down Elm Street, shots were fired at Depository and continued down Elm Street, shots were fired at Kennedy; a clear majority of witnesses recalled hearing three Kennedy; a clear majority of witnesses recalled hearing three shots. A minority of the witnesses did recognize the first gunshot shots. A minority of the witnesses did recognize the first gunshot blast they heard as a weapon blast, but there was hardly any blast they heard as a weapon blast, but there was hardly any reaction from a majority in the crowd or riding in the motorcade reaction from a majority in the crowd or riding in the motorcade itself to the first shot, with many later saying they heard what itself to the first shot, with many later saying they heard what they first thought to be a firecracker or the exhaust backfire of a they first thought to be a firecracker or the exhaust backfire of a vehicle just after the president started waving. vehicle just after the president started waving.

Within one second of each other, President Kennedy, Texas Within one second of each other, President Kennedy, Texas Governor John Connally, and Mrs. Kennedy, all turned abruptly Governor John Connally, and Mrs. Kennedy, all turned abruptly from looking to their left to looking to their right, between from looking to their left to looking to their right, between Zapruder film frames 155 and 169. Connally, like the president a Zapruder film frames 155 and 169. Connally, like the president a WWII military veteran (and unlike the president, a longtime WWII military veteran (and unlike the president, a longtime hunter), testified he immediately recognized the sound of a high-hunter), testified he immediately recognized the sound of a high-powered rifle, then he turned his head and torso rightward powered rifle, then he turned his head and torso rightward attempting to see President Kennedy behind him. Connally attempting to see President Kennedy behind him. Connally testified he could not see the president, so he then started to testified he could not see the president, so he then started to turn forward again, and was hit in his upper right back by a turn forward again, and was hit in his upper right back by a bullet, fired in a gunshot that Connally testified he did not hear bullet, fired in a gunshot that Connally testified he did not hear the muzzle blast from. He then shouted, "Oh, no, no, no. My God. the muzzle blast from. He then shouted, "Oh, no, no, no. My God. They're going to kill us all!" They're going to kill us all!"

Lee Harvey Lee Harvey OswaldOswald

-the murderer-the murderer

Lee Harvey Oswald, reported missing to the Dallas Lee Harvey Oswald, reported missing to the Dallas police by Roy Truly, his supervisor at the police by Roy Truly, his supervisor at the Depository, was arrested approximately 40 Depository, was arrested approximately 40 minutes after the assassination for killing a minutes after the assassination for killing a Dallas police officer, J. D. Tippit, who had spotted Dallas police officer, J. D. Tippit, who had spotted Oswald walking along a sidewalk in the Oswald walking along a sidewalk in the residential neighborhood of Oak Cliff, three miles residential neighborhood of Oak Cliff, three miles from Dealey Plaza. Officer Tippit had earlier from Dealey Plaza. Officer Tippit had earlier received a radio message which gave a description received a radio message which gave a description of the suspect being sought in the assassination of the suspect being sought in the assassination and called Oswald over to the patrol car. After an and called Oswald over to the patrol car. After an exchange of words, Tippit got out of the car and exchange of words, Tippit got out of the car and Oswald shot him four times. Oswald was captured Oswald shot him four times. Oswald was captured in a nearby movie theater after he was seen in a nearby movie theater after he was seen sneaking into the theater without buying a ticket.sneaking into the theater without buying a ticket.

Carcano Carcano riflerifle

According to the Warren Commission Report, According to the Warren Commission Report, a partial palm print of Oswald was also a partial palm print of Oswald was also found on the barrel of the gun, and a tuft of found on the barrel of the gun, and a tuft of fibers found in a crevice of the rifle was fibers found in a crevice of the rifle was consistent with the fibers and colors of the consistent with the fibers and colors of the shirt Oswald was wearing at the time of his shirt Oswald was wearing at the time of his arrest.arrest.

Kennedy declared Kennedy declared dead in the dead in the

emergency roomemergency room

The staff at Parkland Hospital's Trauma Room 1 who The staff at Parkland Hospital's Trauma Room 1 who treated Kennedy observed that his condition was treated Kennedy observed that his condition was "moribund", meaning that he had no chance of survival "moribund", meaning that he had no chance of survival upon arriving at the hospital. Dr. George Burkley, the upon arriving at the hospital. Dr. George Burkley, the President's personal physician, determined the head wound President's personal physician, determined the head wound was the cause of death. Dr. Burkley signed President was the cause of death. Dr. Burkley signed President Kennedy's death certificate. Kennedy's death certificate.

At 1:00 p.m., CST (19:00 UTC), after all heart activity had At 1:00 p.m., CST (19:00 UTC), after all heart activity had ceased and after a priest administered the last rites, the ceased and after a priest administered the last rites, the President was pronounced dead. "We never had any hope President was pronounced dead. "We never had any hope of saving his life," one doctor said. The Rev. Oscar L. Huber, of saving his life," one doctor said. The Rev. Oscar L. Huber, the priest who administered the last rites to Kennedy told the priest who administered the last rites to Kennedy told The New York TimesThe New York Times that the President was already dead that the President was already dead by the time Huber had arrived at the hospital, and he had by the time Huber had arrived at the hospital, and he had to draw back a sheet covering the President's face to to draw back a sheet covering the President's face to administer the sacrament of Extreme Unction. Kennedy's administer the sacrament of Extreme Unction. Kennedy's death was officially announced by White House Acting Press death was officially announced by White House Acting Press Secretary Malcolm Kilduff at 1:33 p.m. CST (19:33 UTC). Secretary Malcolm Kilduff at 1:33 p.m. CST (19:33 UTC). Governor Connally, meanwhile, was taken to emergency Governor Connally, meanwhile, was taken to emergency surgery, where he underwent two operations that day.surgery, where he underwent two operations that day.

AutopsyAutopsy

The report addressed a second missile which The report addressed a second missile which "entered Kennedy's upper back above the shoulder "entered Kennedy's upper back above the shoulder blade, passed through the strap muscles at the blade, passed through the strap muscles at the base of his neck, bruising the upper tip of the right base of his neck, bruising the upper tip of the right lung without puncturing it, then exiting the front lung without puncturing it, then exiting the front (anterior) neck," in a wound that was destroyed by (anterior) neck," in a wound that was destroyed by the tracheotomy incision. This autopsy finding was the tracheotomy incision. This autopsy finding was not corroborated by the President's personal not corroborated by the President's personal physician, Dr. Burkley, who recorded, on the death physician, Dr. Burkley, who recorded, on the death certificate, a bullet to have hit Kennedy at "about" certificate, a bullet to have hit Kennedy at "about" the level of the third thoracic vertebra. Supporting the level of the third thoracic vertebra. Supporting this location along with the bullet hole in the shirt this location along with the bullet hole in the shirt worn by Kennedy and the bullet hole in the suit worn by Kennedy and the bullet hole in the suit jacket worn by Kennedy which show bullet holes jacket worn by Kennedy which show bullet holes between 5 and 6 inches (13 and 15 cm) belowbetween 5 and 6 inches (13 and 15 cm) below

FuneralFuneral

The President's body was brought back to the The President's body was brought back to the White House and placed in the East Room in a White House and placed in the East Room in a closed casket for 24 hours but was opened closed casket for 24 hours but was opened privately and briefly viewed during this time by the privately and briefly viewed during this time by the Kennedy family and some close friends. The Kennedy family and some close friends. The Sunday following the assassination, his flag-draped Sunday following the assassination, his flag-draped closed casket was moved to the Capitol for public closed casket was moved to the Capitol for public viewing. Throughout the day and night, hundreds viewing. Throughout the day and night, hundreds of thousands lined up to view the guarded casket.of thousands lined up to view the guarded casket.

Representatives from over 90 countries, including Representatives from over 90 countries, including the Soviet Union, attended the funeral on the Soviet Union, attended the funeral on November 25 (which was John Kennedy Jr.'s third November 25 (which was John Kennedy Jr.'s third birthday in office). After the service, the casket birthday in office). After the service, the casket was taken by caisson to Arlington National was taken by caisson to Arlington National Cemetery for burial.Cemetery for burial.

Conclusion-Conclusion--John F. -John F. Kennedy Kennedy

Eternal FlameEternal Flame

In 1964, the United States Post Office Department used In 1964, the United States Post Office Department used an image of the eternal flame on an official postage an image of the eternal flame on an official postage stamp issued to commemorate the assassinated stamp issued to commemorate the assassinated president. The stamp also used the words "And the glow president. The stamp also used the words "And the glow from that fire can truly light the world"—an excerpt from from that fire can truly light the world"—an excerpt from Kennedy's inaugural address. Kennedy's inaugural address.

The Kennedy eternal flame has also attracted some The Kennedy eternal flame has also attracted some unwanted attention as well. The leader of a group unwanted attention as well. The leader of a group protesting segregation in housing was nearly arrested protesting segregation in housing was nearly arrested at the grave site in August 1967 after attempting to lead at the grave site in August 1967 after attempting to lead a group of protesters in the singing of "America the a group of protesters in the singing of "America the Beautiful". A 23-year-old Army veteran committed Beautiful". A 23-year-old Army veteran committed suicide at the grave in 1972 by plunging a knife into his suicide at the grave in 1972 by plunging a knife into his chest. The cross and the headstone marking Robert F. chest. The cross and the headstone marking Robert F. Kennedy's grave were stolen in 1981 and never Kennedy's grave were stolen in 1981 and never recovered. In December 1982, an intoxicated Salvadoran recovered. In December 1982, an intoxicated Salvadoran immigrant broke into the cemetery at night and knelt immigrant broke into the cemetery at night and knelt before the eternal flame. He had a heart attack, fell into before the eternal flame. He had a heart attack, fell into the flame, and was burned to deaththe flame, and was burned to death..

Bibliography:Bibliography: 1. Bugliosi, Vincent (2007). 1. Bugliosi, Vincent (2007). Reclaiming Reclaiming

History: The Assassination of President John History: The Assassination of President John F. KennedyF. Kennedy. Norton.. Norton.

2. Lifton, David (1980). 2. Lifton, David (1980). Best Evidence: Best Evidence: Disguise and Deception in the Assassination Disguise and Deception in the Assassination of John F. Kennedyof John F. Kennedy..

3. Livingstone, Harrison Edward (1992). 3. Livingstone, Harrison Edward (1992). High High Treason 2 — The Great Cover-Up: The Treason 2 — The Great Cover-Up: The Assassination of John F. KennedyAssassination of John F. Kennedy..

4. Posner, Gerald (1993). 4. Posner, Gerald (1993). Case Closed: Lee Case Closed: Lee Harvey Oswald and the Assassination of JFKHarvey Oswald and the Assassination of JFK..

5. www.wikipedia.org5. www.wikipedia.org