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Bones of the lower extremity The Pelvic Girdle attaches the limbs to the Axial Skeleton at the Sacrum. Sacrum NOT part of Pelvic Girdle!!! The Pelvic Girdle composed of 2 hip bones (aka Os Coxae). Each hip bone composed of 3 bones that have fused together. 1. Ilium - the flared superior part 2. Ischium - lower posterior (dorsal) part 3. pubis – the anterior (ventral) part 1 1 Right and left hips bones joined anteriorly at pubic symphysis (fibrocartilage) Right hip bone Left hip bone PS PS = Pubic symphysis 3 1 2

lower ext bones lab worksheet 2019...The Pelvic Girdle composed of 2 hip bones (aka OsCoxae). Each hip bone composed of 3 bones that have fused together. 1. Ilium-the flared superior

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Page 1: lower ext bones lab worksheet 2019...The Pelvic Girdle composed of 2 hip bones (aka OsCoxae). Each hip bone composed of 3 bones that have fused together. 1. Ilium-the flared superior

Bonesofthelowerextremity

ThePelvicGirdleattachesthelimbstotheAxialSkeletonattheSacrum.SacrumNOTpartofPelvicGirdle!!!ThePelvicGirdlecomposedof2hipbones(akaOs Coxae).Eachhipbonecomposedof3bonesthathavefusedtogether.

1. Ilium - theflaredsuperiorpart2. Ischium - lowerposterior(dorsal)part3. pubis– theanterior(ventral)part

1

1

Rightandlefthipsbonesjoinedanteriorlyatpubicsymphysis(fibrocartilage)

RighthipboneLefthipbone

PS

PS=Pubicsymphysis

3

1

2

Page 2: lower ext bones lab worksheet 2019...The Pelvic Girdle composed of 2 hip bones (aka OsCoxae). Each hip bone composed of 3 bones that have fused together. 1. Ilium-the flared superior

1. Ilium1a.iliaccrest1b.anteriorsuperioriliacspine1c.anteriorinferioriliacspine1d.posteriorsuperioriliacspine1e.posteriorinferioriliacspine1f.greatersciaticnotch(draw)

2. Ischium2a.ischialspine2b.ischialtuberosity2c.ramusofischium

3.Pubis3a.inferiorpubicramus

4. acetabulum5. obturatorforamen

1f

3a

4

5

1

23

LateralviewRighthipbone

1a

1b

1c

1d

1e

2a

2b 2c3a

4

5

The3bonesthatfusetoformaHipbone

2Acetabulum- whereall3bonesJoin.FormsthecavitythatarticulateswithheadofFemur.

Page 3: lower ext bones lab worksheet 2019...The Pelvic Girdle composed of 2 hip bones (aka OsCoxae). Each hip bone composed of 3 bones that have fused together. 1. Ilium-the flared superior

medialviewrighthipbone

1.Ilium1a.iliaccrest1b.anteriorsuperioriliacspine1c.anteriorinferioriliacspine1d.iliacfossa1e.auricularsurfaceAuriclesurfaceofiliumarticulateswithauricularsurfaceofsacrum.Wherepelvicgirdleattachestoaxialskeleton.FormstheSacroiliacjoint(SIjoint)

2. Ischium2a.ischialspine2b.ramusofischium

3. Pubis3a.superiorpubicramus3b.inferiorpubicramus

3

1

23

1a

1b

1c

1d

1e

2a

2b

3a

3b

Page 4: lower ext bones lab worksheet 2019...The Pelvic Girdle composed of 2 hip bones (aka OsCoxae). Each hip bone composed of 3 bones that have fused together. 1. Ilium-the flared superior

ThePelvis=the2hipbones(pelvicgirdle)articulatedwiththesacrum...ReddotsformtheoutlineofthepelvicbrimwhichseparatestheTruePelvisfromFalsePelvis. InOBwhenthebaby“drops”Itissaidtoofdroppedintothetruepelvis.

Termstoknowinanarticulatedpelvis:-Pelvisvspelvicgirdle-

-pelvicbrim=

-falsepelvis=-truepelvis=

-pubicarch(angle=)

1. sacrum(axialskeleton)2. ilium3. Ischium:

3e=ramusoftheischium3f=ischialspine

4. Pubis:4b=superiorpubicramus4c=inferiorpubicramus

5. pubicsymphysis(fibrocartilage)6. Acetabulum7. Obturatorforamen

4

PubicArch

SacralPromontory

Pelvicgirdleattacheslowerlimbstotheaxialskeleton(sacrum)

Page 5: lower ext bones lab worksheet 2019...The Pelvic Girdle composed of 2 hip bones (aka OsCoxae). Each hip bone composed of 3 bones that have fused together. 1. Ilium-the flared superior

5

Knowthemaindifferencesbetweenfemaleandmalepelvis.Seeyourlecturenotes!Formdeterminesfunctionindeed!

Feature FemalePelvis MalePelvis

Pelvicinletshape

Pubicangle/arch

Acetabulum

Ischialtuberosities

Coccyx

Page 6: lower ext bones lab worksheet 2019...The Pelvic Girdle composed of 2 hip bones (aka OsCoxae). Each hip bone composed of 3 bones that have fused together. 1. Ilium-the flared superior

RightFemur- headoffemurarticulateswiththeacetabulumofthehipbone.Femurthelargestboneofthebody!

1. Head1a.Fovea2. neck3. greatertrochanter4. lessertrochanter5. linea aspera6. lateralepicondyle7. medialepicondyle8. patellarsurface9. medialcondyle10. intercondylar fossa11. lateralcondyle

8

anteriorviewposteriorview 6

1a

6-- --7111098

5

1

2 23 3

4--4

Theweakestpartofthefemuris?(thepartthat”breaks”whengrandmafallsandbreaksherhip.)

Page 7: lower ext bones lab worksheet 2019...The Pelvic Girdle composed of 2 hip bones (aka OsCoxae). Each hip bone composed of 3 bones that have fused together. 1. Ilium-the flared superior

Lowerlegbones:TibiaandFibula

anteriorviews7

Tibia(thickinnerbone)1. lateralcondyle2. intercondylareminence3. medialcondyle4. tibial tuberosity5. medialmalleolus

1 2 3

4

TheweightfromthefemurIstransferredtothetibia.Thefibulabearsnoweight!Fibulaasiteformuscleattachment.

ArticulatedTibiaandFibula

4

--5--5

Tibial tuberosity-Wherethemightquadricepsmusclesinsertviapatellarligament.Lotsofsurfacearea!!

Fibula- thelateralbone

Fibula6.Headoffibula7.Lateralmalleolus

6

7

Page 8: lower ext bones lab worksheet 2019...The Pelvic Girdle composed of 2 hip bones (aka OsCoxae). Each hip bone composed of 3 bones that have fused together. 1. Ilium-the flared superior

RightFoot

1

Tarsals1.talus2.calcaneous3.navicular4.medialcuneiform5.intermediatecuneiform6.lateralcuneiform7.cuboid

11.DistalPhalanges1-5distalphalanges

10. MiddlePhalanges2-5middlephalanges

9. Proximalphalanges1-5proximalphalanges

8. Metatarsals1-5metatarsals

8

8

9

1110

Tarsals

Metatarsals

Phalanges

Phalanges(“toes”)numberedjustlikefingers.Herethegreattoeis#1Againdigit#1hasnomiddlephalange

Inthex-raynoticehowthelateralandmedialmalleoluscupthetalus.The”bumps“youfeelonthemedialandLateralsidesofyouranklearethesetwostructures!

“TigerCubsNeedMILC”yourtarsalbones.

Medial----malleolus

LateralMalleolus---


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