Linear Static Normal Modes and Buckling Analysis Using MSC.nastran and MSC.patran

MSC.Software Corporation2 MacArthur Place

Santa Ana, CA 92707, USATel: (714) 540-8900Fax: (714) 784-4056

Web: http://www.mscsoftware.com

Linear Static, Normal Modes, and Buckling Analysis Using MSC.Nastran and MSC.Patran

January 2003

NAS120 Workbook

Part Number: NA*V2003*Z*Z*Z*SM-NAS120-WBK

United StatesMSC.Patran SupportTel: 1-800-732-7284Fax: (714) 979-2990

Tokyo, JapanTel: 81-3-3505-0266Fax: 81-3-3505-0914

Munich, GermanyTel: (+49)-89-43 19 87 0Fax: (+49)-89-43 61 716

DISCLAIMER

MSC.Software Corporation reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice.The concepts, methods, and examples presented in this text are for illustrative and educational purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to apply to any particular engineering problem or design. MSC.Software Corporation assumes no liability or responsibility to any person or company for direct or indirect damages resulting from the use of any information contained herein.User Documentation: Copyright 2003 MSC.Software Corporation. Printed in U.S.A. All Rights Reserved.This notice shall be marked on any reproduction of this documentation, in whole or in part. Any reproduction or distribution of this document, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of MSC.Software Corporation is prohibited.MSC and MSC. are registered trademarks and service marks of MSC.Software Corporation. NASTRAN is a registered trademark of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. MSC.Nastran is an enhanced proprietary version developed and maintained by MSC.Software Corporation. MSC.Patran is a trademark of MSC.Software Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Workshop 1 Landing Gear Strut

Workshop 2 Simply Supported Beam

Workshop 3 Editing a Nastran Input File

Workshop 4 Stadium Truss

Workshop 5 Coordinate Systems

Workshop 6 Bridge Truss

Workshop 7 Fully-Stressed Beam

Workshop 8 Tapered Plate

Workshop 9 Tension Coupon

Workshop 10 2 1/2 D Clamp

Workshop 11 Support Bracket

Workshop 12 Spacecraft Fairing

Workshop 13 RBE2 vs. RBE3

Workshop 14 Normal Modes of a Rectangular Plate

Workshop 15 Buckling of a Submarine Pressure Hull

Workshop 16 Parasolid Modeling

Workshop 17 Stiffened Plate

Workshop 18 Annular Plate

WS1-1

WORKSHOP 1

LANDING GEAR STRUT ANALYSIS

NAS120, Workshop 1, January 2003

WS1-2NAS120, Workshop 1, January 2003


Problem Description A landing gear strut has been designed for a new fighter jet. Determine

if the landing gear strut has been designed properly to withstand the landing load.

E = 30 x 106 psi ν =0.3 Landing Load = 7,080 lb


Workshop Objectives Learn the typical workflow of a finite element analysis using MSC.Patran

and MSC.Nastran.


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create a new database and name it strut.db. 2. Import the strut geometry.3. Mesh the strut to create solid elements. 4. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions.5. Create material properties. 6. Create physical properties.7. Run analysis with MSC.Nastran.8. Read the results into MSC.Patran.9. Plot the Von Mises stress and displacement.


a

b c

d

f

g

Step 1. Create New Database

Create a new database called strut.db

a. File / New.b. Enter strut as the file name.c. Click OK.d. Choose Tolerance Based on

Model.e. Select MSC.Nastran as the

Analysis Code.f. Select Structural as the

Analysis Type.g. Click OK.

a

e


Step 2. Import Geometry

Import the parasolid filea. File : Import.b. Select the file

strut.xmt.c. Click Apply.

b

c

a


Step 3. Mesh the Object

Create a solid mesha. Elements: Create / Mesh

/ Solid.b. Select the entire solid.c. Deselect Automatic

Calculation under Global Edge Length.

d. Enter 0.5 for the Global Edge Length.

e. Click Apply.f. Click on the Iso2 View

Icon.

a

b

cd

e

f


Step 4. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions

Create a boundary conditiona. Loads/BCs: Create /

Displacement / Nodal.b. Enter hub cylinder as the

New Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter <0 0 0> for

Translations. e. Click OK.

b

c

d

e

a


Apply the boundary conditiona. Click Select

Application Region.b. For the Geometry

Filter select Geometry.

c. Set the Selection Filter to Surface or Face and select the cylinder at the bottom of the strut, as shown.

d. Click Add.e. Click OK. f. Click Apply.

ae

f

d

b


c



Create a loada. Loads/BCs: Create / Total

Load / Element Uniform.b. Enter landing load as the

New Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter <0 –7080 0> for

Load. e. Click OK.

b

c

d

e

a


Apply the loada. Click Select



c. Select the upper circular surface at the top of the strut, as shown.


ae

f

d

b


c


Step 5. Create Material Properties

a

c

b

Create an isotropic materiala. Materials: Create / Isotropic

/ Manual Input.b. Enter steel for the Material

Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Enter 30e6 for the Elastic

Modulus.e. Enter 0.3 for the Poisson

Ratio.f. Click OK. g. Click Apply.

d

gf

e


Step 6. Create Physical Properties

Create physical propertiesa. Properties: Create / 3D /

Solid.b. Enter strut as the Property

Set Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Select steel as the

material.e. Click OK.

a

b

c

e

d


Apply the physical propertiesa. Properties: Create / 3D

/ Solid.b. Click in the Select

Members box.c. Rectangular pick the

entire solid as shown.d. Click Add.e. Click Apply.

a

bd

e


c


Step 7. Run Linear Static Analysis

Analyze the modela. Analysis: Analyze /

Entire Model / Full Run.

b. Click Solution Type.c. Choose Linear Static

as the Solution Type.d. Click OK.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 8. Read Results into MSC.Patran

Attach the results filea. Analysis: Access Results /

Attach XDB / Result Entities.

b. Click Select Results File.c. Choose the results file

strut.xdb.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d


Step 9. Plot Stress and Displacement

Create a quick plota. Results: Create / Quick

Plot.b. Select Stress Tensor as

the Fringe Result.c. Select Displacements,

Translational as the Deformation Result.

d. Click Apply.e. Click on the Iso1 View

Icon.

a

d

c

b

e

WORKSHOP 2

Simply Supported Beam

NAS120, Workshop 2, January 2003 WS2-1


Problem Description Analyze a simply-supported beam with a concentrated load Beam dimension 1” x 1” x 12” E = 30 x 106 psi ν =0.3 Load = 200 lb

PP


Workshop Objectives A finite element model must be properly constrained to prevent rigid

body motion. This workshop demonstrates how to properly constrain a model in 3-D space.


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create a new database and name it inadequate_constraint.db. 2. Create a solid to represent the beam.3. Mesh the solid to create 3D elements. 4. Create in-plane boundary conditions.5. Apply loads.6. Create material properties. 7. Create physical properties.8. Run analysis with MSC.Nastran.9. View fatal errors in the .f06 file.10. Add new boundary condition to properly constrain model.11. Re-run the analysis. View the .f06 file.12. Access the results file.13. Plot results.


a

b c

d

f

g


Create a new database called inadequate_constraint.db

a. File / New.b. Enter inadequate_constraint

as the file name.c. Click OK.d. Choose Tolerance Based on




a

e


Step 2. Create Geometry

Create a solida. Geometry : Create /

Solid / Primitiveb. Enter 12 for the X

Lengthc. Click Apply.d. Change to iso 1 view

a

b

c

d


Step 3. Mesh the Solid


/ Solidb. Screen pick the solidc. Click Apply.

d

a

b

c


Step 4. Create Boundary Conditions


Displacement / Nodal.b. Enter left_end as the New

Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter <0,0, > for


b

c

d

e

a





c. Select the curve filterd. Screen pick the left

edge as showne. Click Add.f. Click OK. g. Click Apply.

a

e

g

d

b


c

Screen pick this lower edge

f



Create another boundary condition

a. Loads/BCs: Create / Displacement / Nodal.

b. Enter right_end as the New Set Name.

c. Click Input Data.d. Enter < ,0, > for


b

c

d

e

a


Apply the boundary conditiona. Click Select Application

Region.b. For the Geometry Filter

select Geometry.c. Select the curve filterd. Screen pick the right edge

as showne. Click Add.f. Click OK. g. Click Apply.

a

e

g

d

b


c

Screen pick this edge

f


Step 5. Apply Load

Create a loada. Loads/BCs: Create / Force

/ Nodal.b. Enter load as the New Set

Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter <0 -100 0> for Force. e. Click OK.

b

c

d

e

a




Filter select FEM.c. Shift/pick the two

nodes as shownd. Click Add.e. Click OK. f. Click Apply.

a

e

f

d

b

Step 5. Apply Load

cScreen pick these nodes



a

c

b






d

gf

e




Solidb. Enter solid_beam as the

Property Set Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Click on steel to select ite. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e


Apply the physical propertiesa. Click in the Select

Members box.b. Screen pick the solidc. Click Add.d. Click Apply.

ac

d


b







a

b

c

d

e


Step 9. View F06 File

Examine the .f06 filea. Open the file titled

inadequate_constraint.f06 with any text editor.

b. Examine the warning and fatal messages.

Why has the job failed?a. The warning message in the .f06 file lists T3 as the

problem degree of freedom.b. With constraints in the x-y plane only, the beam has a

rigid body motion in the z direction. Need to add a constraint in the z direction.


Step 10. Add New Boundary Condition

Add a boundary conditiona. Loads/BCs: Create /

Displacement / Nodal.b. Enter z_constraint as the

New Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter < , ,0 > for


b

c

d

e

a





c. Select the point filterd. Screen pick the left

corner as showne. Click Add.f. Click OK. g. Click Apply.

a

e

g

d

b

Step 10. Add New Boundary Condition

c

Screen pick this point f


Step 11. Re-run Linear Static Analysis





After the analysis is completed, view the .f06 file to make sure there is no warning or fatal error message.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 12. Access the Results File

Access the results filea. Analysis: Access Results /

Attach XDB / Result Entities.b. Click Select Results File.c. Select the file

inadequate_constraint.xdbd. Click OK.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 13. Plot the Results

Plot the resultsa. Results: Create / Quick Plotb. Select Stress Tensor for

fringe resultc. Select Displacement,

Translational for deformation result

d. Click Apply.

-- End of workshop --

a

b

c

d


WORKSHOP 3

Editing a Nastran Input File



Problem Description The given Nastran input file contains several errors. Find the errors and correct them.


Workshop Objectives Become familiar with several of the most common errors in a Nastran

input file.

Learn to edit the Nastran file and submit the analysis job.


Exercise Steps1. Using a text editor, open the Nastran file truss_assembly_rev1.bdf and review it. 2. Submit the file to Nastran Solver.3. Review the .f06 file and find out why the job failed. 4. Edit the Nastran input file to correct the errors.5. Re-submit the file to Nastran Solver.6. Repeat the steps until the job completes successfully.

WS4-1

WORKSHOP 4

Stadium Truss




Problem Description Three truss designs are presented on the following pages. Select

one design and analyze it. The truss is made from steel with E = 30 x 106 psi and ν = 0.3. The cross-sectional area is A = 4.516 in2. A 500-lb point load is applied at (60,168,0). The truss is bolted down at the Y=0 boundary. Model the truss with rod elements.


Workshop Objectives Build the truss model and analyze it. Determine the maximum

displacement and stresses. Is your design better than the arched-roof truss design presented in the Case Study?

Visualize the load path in the truss by plotting the rod element axial stresses. Follow the load from the load application point to the fixed base. Do the stresses make sense to you?

Become familiar with the .f06 file


Configuration #1

Problem Information


Configuration #2


Configuration #3


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Select a truss configuration to model2. Create a new database3. Create nodes and elements4. Create Material Properties 5. Create Physical Properties6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions7. Run the finite element analysis using MSC.Nastran8. Read the results into MSC.Patran9. Plot displacements and stresses10. Examine the .f06 file


Step 1. Choose a Truss Configuration

Configuration #1



Create a new database called stadium_truss.db.

a. File / New.b. Enter stadium_truss as the

file name.c. Click OK.d. Choose Default Tolerance.e. Select MSC.Nastran as the


Analysis Type.

g. Click OK.

a

d

e

f

gb c


Step 3. Create Nodes and Elements

Create the first node.a. Elements: Create / Node

/ Edit.b. Enter [420 0 0] for the

Node Location List.c. Click Apply.d. Click the Node size icon.

d d

a

b

c



Finish creating all 11 nodes.



Create an element between the first two nodes.

a. Elements: Create / Element / Edit.

b. Set the Shape to Bar, Topology to Bar 2, and Pattern to Standard.

c. Screen click on Node 1 and Node 2. An element is automatically created because Auto Execute is checked.

b

c

a

Node 1 Node 2


Finish creating all19 elements.




Create an isotropic materiala. Materials: Create /

Isotropic / Manual Input.b. Under Material Name

input Steel.c. Click Input Properties,

then enter 30e6 for the elastic modulus and 0.3for the Poisson Ratio.

d. Click OK.e. Click Apply.

a

e

b

d

c

d



Create physical properties for the rod elements

a. Properties: Create / 1 D / Rod.

b. Under Property Set Name input Circular_Rod.

c. Click Input Properties. d. Select steel for the material. e. Enter 4.516 for the Area.f. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e

f



Select application regiona. Click in the Select

Members Box.b. Select the Beam

element filter.c. Use the cursor to

drag across all elements

d. Click Add.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e



Create the boundary conditiona. Loads/BCs: Create /

Displacement / Nodal.b. For the set name, input

Fixed.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter <0 0 0> for

Translations and <0 0 0> for Rotations.

e. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e





Filter, select FEM.c. For the application

region, select the base of the truss.

d. Click Add.e. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e


Finish creating the boundary condition

a. Click Apply.


a



Create another boundary condition to constrain DOFs not connected to any element


b. For the set name, input Unused_DOF.

c. Click Input Data.d. Enter < , ,0>for


e. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e



Apply the displacementsa. Click Select



region, select the rest of the truss.

d. Click Add.e. Click OK.f. Click Apply.

a

c

d

e

f

b


Create a load named forcea. Loads/BCs: Create / Force /

Nodal.b. For the New Set Name,

enter Force.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter a force of <0 –500 0>.e. Click OK.


a

b

c

d

e



Apply the load forcea. Click Select



region, select the node at the tip of the truss as shown.


a

b

c

d

e


Finish creating the loada. Click Apply.


a


Step 7. Nastran Analysis

Analyze the modela. Analysis: Analyze / Entire

Model / Full Run.b. Click Solution Typec. Choose Linear Static.d. Click OK.e. Click Apply.

b

a

e

c

d


Step 8. Read Results File into Patran

Attach the results filea. Analysis: Access Results

/ Attach XDB / Result Entities.

b. Click Select Results File.

c. Choose the results file stadium_truss.xdb.


e

a

b

c

d


Step 9. Plot Displacements and Stresses


Plot.b. Select Stress Tensor

and X Component as the Fringe Result.

c. Select Displacements, Translational as the deformation result.

d. Click Apply. e. Record the maximum

displacement and maximum and minimum stress.

Max displacement = ______

Max X Stress = ______

Min X Stress = ______

a

b

c

d



a

b

d

e

f

Create a fringe plota. Results: Create / Fringe.b. Select Stress Tensor as

the Fringe Result.c. Select X Component as

the Fringe Result Quantity.

d. Click on the Plot Options Icon.

e. Set the Averaging Definition Domain to None.

f. Click Apply.

c



View the un-averaged resultsa. Note the change in

maximum stress.

Un-averaged Max Stress =

____________________

Un-averaged Min Stress =

____________________


Step 10. Examine the .f06 File

Examine the .f06 filea. Open the directory in

which your database is saved.

b. Find the file titled stadium_truss.f06 .

c. Open this file with any text editor.

d. Verify that the displacement and stress results agree with the graphical results shown in Patran.



Configuration #2







Analysis Type.

g. Click OK.

a

d

e

f

gb c





Node Location List.c. Click Apply.d. Click the Node Size icon.

d d

a

b

c










b

c

a

Node 1 Node 2


Finish creating all15 elements.







then enter 30e6 for the elastic modulus and 0.3for the Poisson Ratio.


a

e

b

d

c

d







a

b

c

d

e

f








a

b

c

d

e







e. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e








a

b

c

d

e



a. Click Apply.


a








e. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e








a

c

d

ef

b






a

b

c

d

e






region, select the node below the tip of the truss as shown.


a

b

c

d

e




a





b

a

e

c

d








e

a

b

c

d












a

b

c

d



a

b

d

e

f






f. Click Apply.

c




maximum stress.


____________________


____________________










Configuration #3







Analysis Type.

g. Click OK.

a

d

e

f

gb c





Node Location List.c. Click Apply.d. Click the Node Size icon.

d d

a

b

c










b

c

a

Node 1 Node 2


Finish creating all 34 elements.







then enter 30e6 for the Elastic Modulus and 0.3for the Poisson Ratio.


a

e

b

d

c

d







a

b

c

d

e

f








a

b

c

d

e







e. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e








a

b

c

d

e



a. Click Apply.


a








e. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e








a

c

d

e

f

b






a

b

c

d

e






region, select the node at the tip of the truss as shown.


a

b

c

d

e




a





b

a

e

c

d








e

a

b

c

d












a

b

c

d








f. Click Apply.

a

b

d

e

f

c




maximum stress.


____________________


____________________









WORKSHOP 5

Coordinate Systems



Problem Description Create two coordinate systems Use one coordinate system to define the model Use the second coordinate system to define the displacement

coordinate system


Workshop Objectives Understand the difference between Reference Coordinate System and

Displacement Coordinate System


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create a new database 2. Create a square surface3. Mesh the surface to create 2D elements. 4. Create material properties. 5. Create physical properties.6. Create a Nastran input file7. Review the Nastran input file8. Create two coordinate systems9. Modify the nodal coordinate systems10. Create a new Nastran input file11. Review the new Nastran input file


a

b c

d

f

g


Create a new database called coord_system.db

a. File / New.b. Enter coord_system as the

file name.c. Click OK.d. Choose Tolerance Based on




a

e



Create a 1 x 1 surfacea. Geometry : Create /

Surface / XYZb. Click Apply.

a

b


Step 3. Mesh the Surface

Mesh the surfacea. Elements: Create / Mesh

/ Surfaceb. Screen pick the surfacec. Enter 0.3 as the Global

Edge Lengthd. Click Apply.

d

a

b

c

d



a

c

b






d

gf

e




Shellb. Enter plate as the Property

Set Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Click on steel to select ite. Enter 0.1 as the thicknessf. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e

f


Apply the physical propertiesa. Click in the Select

Members box.b. Screen pick the surfacec. Click Add.d. Click Apply.

ac

d


b


Step 6. Create a Nastran Input File

Create a Nastran input filea. Analysis: Analyze / Entire

Model / Analysis Deckb. Click Apply.

a

b


Step 7. Review the Nastran Input File

Examine the Nastran input filea. Open the directory in which your

database is saved.b. Find the file titled

coord_system.bdfc. Open this file with any text editor

and review it.d. Notice that field 3 and field 7 of the

GRID entries are blank which means the basic coordinate system (coordinate system 0) is used here.

Field 3 Field 7


Step 8. Create a new coordinate system

Create a new coordinate system

a. Geometry : Create / Coord / Euler

b. Enter 100 as the Coord ID

c. Screen pick point 3 as the origin

a

bc


Step 8. Create a second coordinate system

Create another coordinate systema. Geometry : Create / Coord

/ Eulerb. Enter 200 as the Coord IDc. Click Rotation Parametersd. Enter 45 as the angle of

rotation about the z axise. Click OKf. Click in the Origin boxg. Screen pick point 4 as the

origin

a

b

c

d

ef

g


Step 9. Modify the nodal coordinate frames

Modify the Reference Coordinate Frame

a. Elements: Modify / Node / Edit

b. Check the Refer. Coordinate Frame box

c. Rectangular select all nodes

d. Click in the Refer. Coordinate Frame box

e. Screen pick coord frame 100

f. Click Apply.

d

a

bc

d

e


Step 9. Modify the nodal coordinate frames

Modify the Analysis Coordinate Frame

a. Elements: Modify / Node / Edit

b. Uncheck the Refer. Coordinate Frame box and check the Analysis Coordinate Frame box

c. Rectangular select the lower row of nodes

d. Click in the Analysis Coordinate Frame box

e. Screen pick coord frame 200

f. Click Apply.

d

a

b

c

d

e


Step 10. Create a new Nastran Input File

Create a Nastran input filea. Analysis: Analyze / Entire

Model / Analysis Deckb. Enter coord_system_rev1

as the Job Namec. Click Apply.

a

b

c


Step 11. Review the new Nastran Input File

Examine the Nastran input filea. Open the directory in which your

database is saved.b. Find the file titled

coord_system_rev1.bdfc. Open this file with any text editor

and review it.d. Notice that field 3 and field 7 of the

GRID entries have been changed.Field 3 Field 7

WS6-1

WORKSHOP 6

BRIDGE TRUSS




Problem Description The preliminary design of a steel truss bridge has just been finished.

You are asked to evaluate the structural integrity of this bridge. The truss is made from steel with E = 30 x 106 psi and ν = 0.3 The truss members are I-beams with H = 18 in, W = 12 in, Tf = 0.5 in,

and Tw = 0.5 in The bridge needs to be able to support a 23,000 lb truck traveling over

it. The truck weight is supported by two planar trusses. Model one planar truss with half the truck weight applied to it.

One end of the truss is pinned while the other end is free to slide horizontally.


11,500 lb

(Subcase 1)

x

y

11,500 lb

(Subcase 2)


Workshop Objectives Learn to mesh line geometry to generate CBAR elements

Become familiar with setting up the CBAR orientation vector and section properties

Learn to set up multiple load cases

Learn to view the different CBAR stress components in Patran


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create a new database. 2. Create a geometry model of the truss using the table on the previous page. 3. Use Mesh Seeds to define the mesh density.4. Create a finite element mesh. 5. Define material properties. 6. Create Physical Properties using the beam library. 7. Create boundary conditions.8. Create loads.9. Set up load cases.10. Run the finite element analysis using MSC.Nastran.11. Plot displacements and stresses.


a

b c

d

e

f

g


Create a new database called bridge_truss.db

a. File / New.b. Enter bridge_truss as the




a



Create the first pointa. Geometry: Create / Point /

XYZ.b. Enter [0 0 0] for the Point

Coordinate List.c. Click Apply.d. Turn Point size on.

a

b

c

d



Finish creating all 12 points.



Create curves to represent the truss members

a. Geometry: Create / Curve / Point.

b. Screen pick the bottom left point as shown.

c. Screen pick the top left point. A curve is automatically created because Auto Execute is checked.

a

b

c



Finish creating all 21 curves.


Step 3. Create Mesh Seeds

Create a uniform mesh seeda. Elements: Create / Mesh

Seed / Uniform.b. Enter 6 for the Number of

Elements.c. Click in the Curve List box.d. Rectangular pick the

bottom of the truss.

a

b

c

d



Create another mesh seeda. Elements: Create / Mesh


Elements.c. Click in the Curve List

box. d. Rectangular pick the rest

of the truss, as shown.

a

b

c

d


Step 4. Create Mesh

Create a finite element mesha. Elements: Create / Mesh /

Curve.b. Set Topology to Bar2.c. Click in the Curve List box.d. Rectangular pick all of the

curves as shown.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 4. Create Mesh

Equivalence the modela. Elements: Equivalence / All

/ Tolerance Cube.b. Click Apply.

a

b




/ Manual Input.b. Enter steel as the Material

Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Enter 30e6 for the elastic

modulus and 0.3 for the Poisson Ratio.

e. Click OK. f. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

fe



Create element propertiesa. Properties: Create / 1D /

Beam.b. Enter i_beam as the

Property Set Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Select steel as the

material.e. Click on the Beam Library

button.

a

b

ed

c



Define the beam section a. Enter i_section for the

New Section Name.b. Enter the appropriate

values to define the beam’s dimensions .

c. Click Calculate/Displayto view the beam section and its section properties.

d. After verifying that the section is correct, Click OK.

a

b

c

d



Define the bar orientation a. Enter <1 2 0> for the

Bar Orientation.b. Click OK. Note:

Any vector in the XY plane that is not parallel to any truss member would work as well.

a

b




Members box.b. Rectangular pick the

entire truss as shown.c. Click Add.d. Click Apply.

b

ac

d



Verify the beam sectiona. Display-

Load/BC/Element Props.

b. Set Beam Display to 3D:Full-Span.

c. Shade the model.d. Rotate the model

and zoom in to verify that the I-beams are oriented correctly.

e. Return to the front view.

f. Set Beam Display back to 1D:Line.

a

b

c

d

e

f




Displacement / Nodal.b. Enter left_side as the New

Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter <0 0 0> for

Translations and <0,0, > for Rotations.

e. Click OK.

a

b

d

e

c



Apply the boundary conditiona. Reset graphics.b. Click Select

Application Region.c. Select the bottom left

point as the application region.


be

f

c d

a



Create another boundary condition


b. Enter right_side as the New Set Name.

c. Click Input Data.d. Enter < ,0,0> for

Translations and <0,0, > for Rotations.

e. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e




Application Region.b. Select the bottom

right point as the application region.

c. Click Add.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

bc

d

e


Step 8. Create Loads

Create the mid span loada. Loads/BCs: Create / Force /

Nodal.b. Enter mid_span_load as

the New Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter <0 –11500 0> for the

Force.e. Click OK.

c

b

a

d

e


Apply the mid span loada. Click Select Application

Region.b. Set the geometry filter to

FEM.c. For the application region

select the node in the middle of the span to the right of the center, as shown.



a

cd

e

f

b



Create the truss joint loada. Loads/BCs: Create / Force /

Nodal.b. Enter truss_joint_load as

the New Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter <0 –11500 0> for the

Force.e. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e



Apply the loada. Click Select Application

Region.b. Set the geometry filter to

Geometry.c. For the application

region select the point at the center of the bridge, as shown.


a

b

cd

e

f


Step 9. Set Up Load Cases

Create a load casea. Load Cases: Create.b. Enter mid_span as the

Load Case Name.c. Click Assign/Prioritize

Loads/BCs.d. Click on Displ_left_side,

Displ_right_side, andForce_mid_span_load to add them to the Load Case.

e. Click OK.f. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f


Step 9. Set Up Load Cases

Create another load casea. Load Cases: Create.b. Enter truss_joint as the

Load Case Name.c. Click Assign/Prioritize

Loads/BCs.d. Click on Displ_left_side,

Displ_right_side, andForce_truss_joint_load to add them to the Load Case.


a

b

c

d

e

f



Choose the analysis typea. Analysis: Analyze / Entire

Model / Full Run.b. Click Solution Type.c. Choose Linear Static.d. Click OK.

a

b

d

c




Model / Full Run.b. Click Subcase Select.c. Click Unselect All.d. Click on mid_span and

truss_joint to add them to the Subcases Selected list.


a

b

c

d

e f






bridge_truss.xdb.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d



Create a deformation plot for the mid span result case

a. Results: Create / Deformation.

b. Select the Mid Span Result Case.

c. Select Displacements, Translational as the Deformation Result.

d. Check Animate.e. Click Apply.f. Record the maximum

deformation.g. Click Stop Animation.

Max Deformation =

____________

a

c

d

e

b



Create a Fringe Plot of X Component Axial Stress

a. Results: Create / Fringe.


c. Select Stress Tensor, Axial as the Fringe Result.

d. Select X Componentas the Fringe Result Quantity.

e. Click on the Plot Options icon.

f. Set the Averaging Definition Domain to None.

g. Click Apply.

b

c

d

a

e

f

g



View the resultsa. Record the maximum

and minimum X component axial stress.

Max X Axial Stress =

_________________

Min X Axial Stress =

__________________



Create Fringe Plots of X Component Bending Stress

a. Results: Create / Fringe.b. Click Select Results.c. Select the Mid Span

Result Case.d. Select Stress Tensor,

Bending as the Fringe Result.

e. Select X Component as the Fringe Result Quantity.

f. Click Apply.g. Repeat the procedure for

positions D,E, and F, by clicking Position and selecting them from the position list.

h. Record the overall maximum and minimum stresses.

Min Stress = _________

Max Stress = _________

a

b

c

d

e

f

g



Create Fringe Plots of maximum and minimum combined bar stresses



c. Select Bar Stresses, Maximum Combined as the Fringe Result.

d. Click Apply.e. Record the Maximum

combined stress. Max Stress= _______

f. Repeat the procedure with Bar Stresses, Minimum Combined as the Fringe Result and record the Minimum Stress. Min Stress = _______

a

b

c

d



Create a deformation plot for the truss joint result case

a. Results: Create / Deformation.

b. Select the Truss Joint Result Case.


d. Check Animate.e. Reset Graphics.f. Click Apply.g. Record the maximum

deformation.h. Click Stop Animation.

Max Deformation =

____________

a

c

d

e

b

f



Create a Fringe Plot of X Component Axial Stress



c. Select Stress Tensor, Axial as the Fringe Result.

d. Select X Componentas the Fringe Result Quantity.

e. Click on the Plot Options icon.

f. Set the Averaging Definition Domain to None.

g. Click Apply.

b

c

d

a

e

f

g



View the resultsa. Record the maximum

and minimum X component axial stress.

Max X Axial Stress =

_________________

Min X Axial Stress =

__________________



Create Fringe Plots of X Component Bending Stress

a. Results: Create / Fringe.b. Click Select Results.c. Select the Truss Joint

Result Case.d. Select Stress Tensor,

Bending as the Fringe Result.

e. Select X Component as the Fringe Result Quantity.

f. Click Apply.g. Repeat the procedure for

positions D,E, and F, by clicking Position and selecting them from the position list.

h. Record the overall maximum and minimum stresses.

Min Stress = _________

Max Stress = _________

a

b

c

d

e

f

g



Create Fringe Plots of maximum and minimum combined bar stresses



c. Select Bar Stresses, Maximum Combined as the Fringe Result.

d. Click Apply.e. Record the Maximum

combined stress. Max Stress= _______

f. Repeat the procedure with Bar Stresses, Minimum Combined as the Fringe Result and record the Minimum Stress.Min Stress = _______

a

b

c

d

WS7-1

WORKSHOP 7

FULLY STRESSED BEAM


P



Problem Description To minimize the the amount of material in a beam, one may

vary the dimension of the cross sections in order to maintain a constant bending stress along the beam. A beam in this condition is called a fully stressed beam.

Analyze the following machine component which has been designed to a fully stressed condition.

P

x

h


Problem Description (cont.) The length of the beam is 12 in. The width of the beam is 0.5 in.

The height of the beam is defined as:

The beam is made from titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V with E = 16 x 106

psi and ν = 0.31.

The tip load is 500 lb.

Model the cantilever beam with CBEAM elements.

x=h

x=h

.5.0w in=


Workshop Objectives Build the beam model and analyze it. Determine the maximum

displacement.

Verify that the bending stress is constant throughout the beam.

Compare analysis results to theoretical results.

Examine the .f06 file.


Suggested Exercise Steps

1. Create a new database and name it beam.db. 2. Create a curve to represent the geometry.3. Mesh the curve to generate elements. Create at least 20 elements to

capture the variation in beam cross section.4. Create material properties.5. Create a field which represents the height of the beam.

Hint: use the expression 0.001 + to avoid singularity at the tip of the beam.

6. Plot the field to visually verify it.7. Create physical properties using the beam library.8. Change the display to 3D Full Span to inspect the cross sections.

Return the display to 1D line when you are done.9. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions. 10. Run the finite element analysis using MSC.Nastran. 11. Read the results into MSC.Patran.12. Plot displacements and stresses.13. Examine the .f06 file.

x


a

b c

d

f

g


Create a new database called beam.db

a. File / New.b. Enter beam as the file name.c. Click OK.d. Choose Default Tolerance.e. Select MSC.Nastran as the



a

e


Step 2. Create a Curve

Create a curvea. Geometry: Create /

Curve / XYZ.b. Enter <12 0 0> for the

Vector Coordinates list.c. Click Apply.

b

c

a


Step 3. Mesh the Curve

Create a mesh seeda. Elements: Create / Mesh

Seed / Uniform.b. Enter 20 for the number

of elements.c. Select the curve.

a

b

c


Step 3. Mesh the Curve

Create a mesha. Elements: Create /

Mesh / Curve.b. Select the curve.c. Click Apply.

a

b

c



a

c

b


/ Manual Input.b. Enter Ti-6Al-4V for the

Material Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Enter 16e6 for the Elastic



d

gf

e


Step 5. Create a Field

Create a field for the beam height.a. Fields: Create / Spatial /

PCL Function.b. Enter height for the Field

Name.c. Enter 0.001+SQRT(‘X) for

the Scalar Function.d. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d


Step 6. Plot the Field

Plot the field for the beam height.

a. Fields: Show.b. Select height as the

Field To Show.c. Click Specify Range.d. Enter 12 for the

Maximum and 20 for the number of points.

e. Click OK.f. Click Apply.g. When finished

verifying plot, click Unpost Current XYWindow.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g




Beam.b. Enter beam_prop as the

Property Set Name.c. Set the option to Tapered

Section.d. Click Input Properties.e. Select Ti-6Al-4V as the

material.f. Enter <0 1 0> for the Bar

Orientation.g. Click on the Beam Library

Icon.

a

b

ge

f

d

c



Create physical propertiesa. Beam Library: Create /

Standard Shape / NASTRAN Standard.

b. Enter beam_section as the New Section Name.

c. Click on the right arrow and then select the solid rectangular section.

d. Enter 0.5 for the width.e. Select height as the field

for the height.f. Click OK.g. Click OK in the Input

Properties form.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g



/ Beam.b. Click in the Select

Members box.c. Screen pick to select

the curve.d. Click Add.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e



Step 8. Display Beam Properties

Display the beam propertiesa. Display:

Load/BC/Elem. Props.b. Set the Beam Display

to 3D: Full Span + Offsets

c. Click Apply.d. Click on the Iso 1 View

Icon.e. After verifying the

beam section, reset the Beam Display to 1D:Line and click Apply and Cancel.

f. Click on the Front View icon.

a

b

c

df

e




Displacement / Nodal.b. Enter right_end as the


Translations and Rotations. e. Click OK.

b

c

d

e

a





c. Select the point at the right end of the beam, as shown.


ae

f

d

b


c



Create the loada. Loads/BCs: Create / Force

/ Nodal.b. Enter tip_load as the New

Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter <0 –500 0> for Force. e. Click OK.

b

c

d

e

a






c. Select the point at the left end of the beam, as shown.


ae

f

d

b

c


Step 10. Run Finite Element Analysis


Model / Full Run.b. Click Solution Type.c. Choose Linear Static.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

e

b

d

c






c. Choose the results file beam.xdb.

d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d




Plot.b. Select Bar Stresses,

Maximum Combined as the Fringe Result.


d. Click Apply.

a

d

c

b

Notice that the stress in the beam is constant along its length.





b. Find the file titled beam.f06 .


d. Verify that the stress results agree with the graphical results shown in Patran.


WORKSHOP 8

TAPERED PLATE




Problem DescriptionModel a tapered annular plate with a variable pressure loading. Due to symmetry, only a 45° slice of the plate will be modeled.

The plate is constructed from two different materials as shown below:

Inner RegionSteel

Outer Region Aluminum


Problem Description (cont.)The thickness variation in the plate is shown below:

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

Radial Distance, r, inches

Thic

knes

s, in

ches


Analysis Code: MSC.Nastran

Element Type: Quad4

Element Global Edge Length: 0.5

Problem Description (Cont.)

Table 8.1 Mesh Definition

Table 8.2 Material Properties:

Material: Steel Aluminum

Modulus of Elasticity: 30E+06 10E+06

Poisson Ratio: 0.30 0.33

Density: 7.324E-04 2.588E-04


Workshop Objectives:

1. Learn to use fields to define element thickness

2. Learn to use fields to create variable pressure loading


Suggested Exercise Steps:

1. Create geometry representing a 45° slice of the annular plate.

2. Create the finite element mesh using the information listed in Table 12.1.

3. Create a cylindrical coordinate system.

4. Using the cylindrical coordinate system, define a spatially varying field which represents the plate thickness. Verify the field by creating an XY-plot.

5. Define material properties using the material constants shown in Table 12.2.



6. Define element properties by assigning the material type and element thickness to the correct region of the model.

7. Verify that the spatial variation of the element thickness has been assigned correctly to the model by creating a scalar plot.

8. Define a spatially varying field that represents the pressure load.

9. Apply the pressure load.

10. Verify that the pressure has been assigned correctly by modifying plot markers.


Create a New Database

Create a new database called annular_plate.db

a. File / New.

b. Enter tapered_plate as the file name.

c. Click OK.

d. Choose Default Tolerance.

e. Select MSC.Nastran as the Analysis Code.

f. Select Structural as the Analysis Type.

g. Click OK.


Create a curve

a. Geometry: Create / Curve / 2D ArcAngles.

b. Enter 1.0 for the Radius.

c. Enter 0.0 for Start Angle and 45 for End Angle.

d. Enter [0 0 0] for the Center Point List.

e. Click Apply.

f. Click on the Show LabelsIcon.

Step 1. Geometry: Create/Curve/2D ArcAngles

a

b

c

d

e

f


Create two more curves.

a. Enter 3.0 for the Radius.

b. Click Apply.

c. Enter 4.0 for the Radius.

d. Click Apply.

Step 1. (Cont.) Geometry: Create/Curve/2D ArcAngles

a c

db


Create two surfaces.

a. Create / Surface / Curve.

b. Select 2 Curve for the Option.

c. Screen pick Curve 1, then Curve 2. A surface is automatically generated.

d. Screen pick Curve 2, then Curve 3. A second surface is generated.

Step 1. (Cont.) Create/Surface/Curve

a

b

c d


Mesh the two surfaces.

a. Finite Element: Create / Mesh / Surface.

b. Select IsoMesh as the Mesher.

c. Select Quad4 Element Topology.

d. Select both surfaces for the Surface List.

e. Enter 0.5 as the Global Edge Length.

f. Click Apply.

g. Click on Hide Labelsicon.

Step 2. Finite Elements: Create/Mesh/Surface

a

bc

d

e

f

g


Step 2. (Cont.) Finite Element: Equivalence /All/Tolerance Cube

Merge all coincident nodes.a. Equivalence / All / Tolerance

Cube.b. Click Apply.

a

b


Create a cylindrical coordinate system.

a. Geometry: Create / Coord / 3 Point

b. Select Cylindrical as the type of coordinate system.

c. Enter [0 0 0] for origin, [0 0 1]for Point on Axis 3, and [1 0 0]for Point on Plane 1-3.

d. Click Apply.

Step 3. Create/Coord/3Point

a

b

c

d


Step 4. Fields: Create /Spatial/ Tabular Input

Create a field which defines the variation in plate thickness.

a. Fields: Create / Spatial / Tabular Input.

b. Type in thickness_spatial for the Field Name.

c. Select Coord 1 for Coordinate System.

d. Select R as the Active Independent Variable.

e. Click on the Input Data button to bring up the 1D Scalar Table Data window.

f. Enter the values into the table using the Enter key on the keyboard. Use the values shown on this page.

g. Click OK to return to the main field menu.

h. Click Apply.

a

b

c

de

f

g

h


Step 4. (Cont.) Field: Show

Verify the field using an XY plot.a. Show.b. Select thickness_spatial in the

Select Field to Show window.c. Click on the Specify Range

button.d. Check the Use Existing Points

option.e. Click OK to return to the main

field menu.f. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f


Step 5. Materials: Create / Isotropic / Manual Input

Create a material property set for steel.a. Materials: Create / Isotropic /

Manual Input.b. Enter steel as the Material

Name.c. Click on the Input Properties

button.d. Enter 30e6 for the Elastic

Modulus.e. Enter 0.3 for the Poisson Ratio.f. Enter 0.0007324 for the

Density.g. Click OK.h. Click Apply.

a

b

c

de

gh

f


Step 5. (Cont.) Materials: Create / Isotropic / Manual Input

Create a material property set for aluminum.

a. Materials: Create / Isotropic / Manual Input.

b. Enter alum as the Material Name.

c. Click on the Input Propertiesbutton.

d. Enter 10e6 for the Elastic Modulus.

e. Enter 0.33 for the Poisson Ration.

f. Enter 0.0002588 for the Density.

g. Click OK.h. Click Apply.

a

b

c

de

gh

f


Step 6. Element Properties: Create / 2D / Shell

Define Element Properties for the inner portion of the plate.

a. Properties: Create / 2D / Shell.

b. Enter prop_1 as the Property Set Name.


d. Click on the steel in the Material Property Set Window on the bottom section of the Input Properties window.

e. For the Thickness, select thickness_spatial from the Field Definitions section on the bottom section of the window .

f. Change the thickness option from Real Scalar to Element Nodal.

g. Click OK.h. Select the inner surface for

the Application Region.i. Click Add.j. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

g

hi

f

j


Step 6. (Cont.) Element Properties: Create / 2D / Shell

Define Element Properties for the outer portion of the plate.


b. Enter prop_2 as the Property Set Name.


d. Click on the alum in the Material Property Set Window on the bottom section of the Input Properties window.

e. For the Thickness, select thickness_spatial from the Field Definitions section on the bottom section of the window .

f. Select the Element Nodaloption.

g. Click OK.h. Select the outer surface for

the Application Region.i. Click Add.j. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

g

hi

f

j


Step 7. Element Properties: Show

Verify element properties using a scalar plot of the thickness.

a. Properties: Show.b. Select Thickness from the

Existing Properties window.c. Select Scalar Plot as the

Display Method.d. Select Default Group.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 8. Fields: Create /Spatial/ Tabular Input

Create a field which defines the variation in pressure.

a. Fields: Create / Spatial / PCL Function.

b. Type in pressure_variation for the Field Name.

c. Select Coord 1 for Coordinate System.

d. Enter the function: 100*’R.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 9. Loads/BCs: Create /Pressure/ Element Uniform

Create a pressure load.a. Loads/BCs: Create / Pressure /

Element Variable.b. Type in press for the New Set

Name.c. Set the Target Element Type to

2D.d. Click Input Data.e. Click on the Bottom Surf

Pressure list box and select the field pressure_variation.

f. Click OK.

a

b

d

e

f

c


Step 9. Loads/BCs: Create /Pressure/ Element Uniform

a

Select an application region.a. Click on the Iso 3 View

Icon.b. Click Select Application

Region.c. For the Geometry Filter

select Geometry.d. Select the Surface or

Face filter.e. Click in the application

region list box and select both surfaces.

f. Click Add.g. Click OK.h. Click Apply.

b

e

c

f

g

h

d


Step 10. Modify Plot Markers

Modify the pressure plot markers.a. Display:

Load/BC/Elem.Props.b. Click on Vectors/Filters.c. Change the length to

Scaled- Screen Relative.d. Click Apply.e. Click Cancel.f. Click on Label Style.g. Set the Label Format to

Integer.h. Click OK.i. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d e

f

g

h

i


Step 10. Modify Plot Markers

View the model with the modified plot markers.


WS9A-1

WORKSHOP 9A

TENSION COUPON

NAS120, Workshop 9A, January 2003

WS9A-2NAS120, Workshop 9A, January 2003


Problem Description A tension coupon is constructed from aluminum with E = 10 x 106 psi and ν =

0.3

The coupon thickness is 0.125 in

An edge load of 50 lb is applied to the tension coupon


50 lb

10 in

4 in

2.0 DIA Hole


Workshop Objectives Build the tension coupon geometry

Control the mesh by using techniques discussed in class

Compare FEA stress results to theoretical results

From “Stress Concentration Factors” by R. E. Peterson, Figure 86:

σmax = 432 psi


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create a new database. 2. Create a geometry model of the tension coupon. 3. Use Mesh Seeds to define the mesh density.4. Create a finite element mesh.5. Verify the finite element mesh. 6. Define material properties. 7. Define element properties and apply them to the model. 8. Apply boundary conditions to the model.9. Apply loads to the model.10. Submit the model to MSC.Nastran for analysis.11. Post Process results using MSC.Patran.


a

b c

d

e

f

g


Create a new database called tension_coupon.db.

a. File / New.b. Enter tension_coupon_a as

the file name.c. Click OK.d. Choose Default Tolerance.e. Select MSC.Nastran as the



a



Create the first curve.a. Geometry: Create / Curve

/ XYZ.b. Enter <0 4 0> for the

Vector Coordinate List.c. Enter [0 0 0] for the Origin

Coordinate List.d. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d



Create the second curve by translating the first curve.

a. Geometry: Transform / Curve / Translate.

b. Enter <10 0 0> for the Translation Vector.

c. Click in the Curve List box and screen pick the first curve.

a

b

c



Create two more curvesa. Geometry: Create / Curve /

Point.b. Screen pick the point at the

bottom of the left curve.c. Screen pick the point at the

bottom of the right curve. A curve is automatically created because Auto Execute is checked.

d. Screen pick the top of the left curve.

e. Finish creating the top curve by screen picking the point at the top of the right curve as shown.

a

b c

ed



Create a chain curvea. Geometry: Create / Curve /

Chain.b. Rectangular pick all four

curves.c. Click Apply.d. When the message box

appears, choose Yes to delete the original curves.

a

b

c

d



Create a circlea. Geometry: Create / Curve /

2D Circle.b. For the circle radius, enter

1.0.c. For the Center Point List,

enter [5 2 0].d. Click Apply.

a

c

b

d



Create a trimmed surfacea. Geometry: Create / Surface

/ Trimmed / Option: Planar.b. Click in the Outer Loop List

box.c. Screen pick the outer

curve.d. Click in the Inner Loop List

box.e. Screen pick the inner circle.f. Click Apply.g. When the message boxes

appear, choose Yes to delete the original curves.

h. Click the Refresh Graphics icon

a

b

d

c

e

f

g

h



Create two more circlesa. Geometry: Create / Curve /


1.1.c. For the Center Point List,

enter [5 2 0].d. Click Apply.e. Repeat this procedure for a

circle with a radius of 1.2.

a

b

d

c



Associate the two curves to the surface

a. Geometry: Associate / Curve / Surface.

b. Select the Curve filter.c. Rectangular pick both

circles.d. Screen pick the trimmed

surface.

ab

c

d





Elements.c. Click in the Curve List box.d. Select the Curve or Edge

element filter. e. Rectangular pick the two

circles and the edge of the hole.

a

b

c

d

e



Create a biased mesh seeda. Elements: Create / Mesh

Seed / Two Way Bias.b. Enter 20 for the Number of

Elements.c. Enter 0.25 for L2/L1.d. Click on the Curve List box. e. Screen pick the top edge of

the surface, as shown. f. Screen pick the bottom

edge of the surface to apply the mesh seed there as well.

a

bc

d

f

e


Step 4. Create Mesh


Surface.b. Set the Element Shape to

Quad, Mesher to Paver, and Topology to Quad4.

c. Click in the Surface List box.

d. Screen pick the surface as shown.

e. Enter 1.0 as the value for Global Edge Length.

f. Click Apply.

a

b

cd

f

e


Step 5. Verify Mesh

Verify the quality of the finite elements

a. Elements: Verify / Quad / All.

b. Click Apply.c. Review the summary table.

a

b

c


Step 5. Verify Mesh

Perform specific quality tests on the elements.

a. Elements: Verify / Quad / Aspect.

b. Click Apply.c. Review the fringe plot.d. Repeat for Warp, Skew,

and Taper tests.

a

b

c

d




/ Manual Input.b. Enter aluminum as the

Material Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Enter 10e6 for the elastic



a

b

c

d

fe


Step 7. Create Element Properties


Shell.b. Enter plate as the Property

Set Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Select aluminum as the

material.e. Enter 0.125 for the

thickness.f. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e

f




Members box.b. Screen pick the

surface as shown.c. Click Add.d. Click Apply.

b

ac

d


Step 8. Apply Boundary Conditions


Displacement / Nodal.b. Enter fixed as the New Set

Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter <0 0 0> for

Translations and <0 0 0>for Rotations.

e. Click OK.

a

b

d

e

c



Apply the boundary conditiona. Click Select Application

Region.b. Select the Curve or Edge

filter.c. Select the left edge of the

surface as the application region.


a

d

e

f

b

c



The boundary condition should agree with what’s shown on the right


Step 9. Apply Loads

Create the loada. Loads/BCs: Create / Total

Load / Element Uniform.b. Enter force as the New Set

Name.c. Set the Target Element

Type to 2D.d. Click Input Data.e. Enter <50 0 0> for the Edge

Load.f. Click OK.

d

b

c

a

e

f


Apply the loada. Click Select Application

Region.b. For the application region

select the right edge of the surface as shown.

c. Click Add.d. Click OK.e. Click Apply.

Step 9. Apply Loads

a

b

c

d

e


Step 9. Apply Loads

The loads and boundary condition should agree with what’s shown on the right.





a

e

b

d

c


Step 11. Post Process with MSC.Patran




tension_coupon_a.xdb.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d



Erase geometrya. Display: Plot/Erase.b. Under Geometry click

Erase.c. Click OK.

a

b

c



Create a general Quick Plota. Results: Create / Quick


as the Fringe Result.c. Select Von Mises as


d. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d



Create a Quick Plot of X Component Stress

a. Results: Create / Quick Plot.

b. Select Stress Tensor as the Fringe Result.

c. Select X Componentas the Fringe Result Quantity.

d. Click Apply.e. Record the maximum X

component stress.

Max X Stress = ________

b

c

d

a



Create a fringe plot of X Component Stress





component stress.


d

a

b

c



By default, MSC.Nastran presents element stress results in the element coordinate system.

For the Fringe Plot option, MSC.Patran takes the MSC.Nastran results and plot them as is.

For the Quick Plot option, MSC.Patran automatically transforms the stress results into the basic coordinate system first before plotting them.



Show the element coordinate systems

a. Elements: Show / Element / Coord.Sys

b. Rectangular pick the entire surface.

c. Note the various orientations of the X direction.

d. Click reset graphics.

a

b

d



Create another fringe Plota. Results: Create /

Fringe.b. Select Stress Tensor

as the Fringe Result.c. Select X Component

as the Fringe Result Quantity.


e. Set the coordinate transformation to CID.

f. Screen pick coordinate frame 0.

g. Click Apply.

a

b

c

de

f

g



View the revised resultsa. Note the change in

maximum stress.

Max X Stress = _________


WS9B-1

WORKSHOP 9B

TENSION COUPON

NAS120, Workshop 9B, January 2003

WS9B-2NAS120, Workshop 9B, January 2003



0.3




50 lb

10 in

4 in

2.0 DIA Hole






σmax = 432 psi




a

b c

d

e

f

g


Create a new database called tension_coupon.db

a. File / New.b. Enter tension_coupon_b as




a



Create the first curvea. Geometry: Create / Curve


Vector Coordinate List.c. Enter [0 0 0] for the Origin

Coordinate List.d. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d



Create the second curve by translating the first curve

a. Geometry: Transform / Curve / Translate.

b. Enter <10 0 0> for the Translation Vector.

c. Click in the Curve List box and screen pick the first curve.

a

b

c



Create two more curvesa. Geometry: Create / Curve /

Point.b. Screen pick the point at the

bottom of the left curve.c. Screen pick the point at the

bottom of the right curve. A curve is automatically created because Auto Execute is checked.

d. Screen pick the top of the left curve.

e. Finish creating the top curve by screen picking the point at the top of the right curve as shown.

a

b c

ed



Create a chain curvea. Geometry: Create / Curve /

Chain.b. Rectangular pick all four

curves.c. Click Apply.d. When the message box

appears, choose Yes to delete the original curves.

a

b

c

d



Create a circlea. Geometry: Create / Curve /


1.0.c. For the Center Point List

enter [5 2 0].d. Click Apply.

a

c

b

d



Create a trimmed surfacea. Geometry: Create / Surface

/ Trimmed / Option: Planar.b. Click in the Outer Loop List

box.c. Screen pick the outer

curve.d. Click in the Inner Loop List

box.e. Screen pick the inner circle.f. Click Apply.g. When the message boxes

appear, choose Yes to delete the original curves.

h. Click the Refresh Graphics icon

a

b

d

c

e

f

g

h



Create two more curvesa. Geometry: Create /


Vector Coordinate List.c. Enter [3 0 0] for the

Origin Coordinate List.d. Click Apply.e. Repeat this procedure

with [7 0 0] as the Origin Coordinate List.

a

b

d

c



Break the surface into 3 surfacesa. Geometry: Edit / Surface /

Break.b. Set the Option to Curve.c. Screen pick the trimmed

surface. d. Screen pick the left curve

as shown.e. When the message box

appears, choose Yes to delete the original surfaces.

f. Screen pick the new trimmed surface, and pick the right curve to break it.

a

b

cd

e

f



Create additional pointsa. Turn Point size on.b. Geometry: Create / Point /

Interpolate.c. Set the Option to Curve.d. Screen pick the top of the

surface above the circle as shown.

e. Repeat the procedure by screen picking each of the other three edges surrounding the circle.

a

b

cd



Create four curvesa. Geometry: Create / Curve /

Point.b. Screen pick the point

above the center of the circle as shown.

c. Screen pick the point below the center of the circle to create a curve.

d. Repeat the procedure by screen picking opposite points surrounding the circle to create four curves as shown.

ab

c



Break the magenta surfacea. Geometry: Edit / Surface /

Break.b. Screen pick the magenta

surface.c. Screen pick a diagonal

curve. d. When the message box

appears, choose Yes to delete the original surfaces.

e. Repeat the procedure to break two surfaces with the second diagonal.

f. Repeat the procedure to break two surfaces with the vertical curve.

g. Repeat the procedure to break two surfaces with the horizontal curve.

a

bc

d

e f

g

The original magenta surface has been broken into 8 green surfaces.



Break the rectangular surfacesa. Geometry: Edit / Surface /

Break.b. Set the option to Point.c. Screen pick the left

rectangular surface as shown.

d. Screen pick the point on the edge of the rectangular surface as shown.

e. When the message box appears, choose Yes to delete the original surfaces.

f. Repeat the procedure by screen picking the other rectangular surface and the point on the edge of the surface.

e

a

bc

d f



Delete excess curvesa. Turn Point size offb. Geometry: Delete / Curve. c. Rectangular pick all of the

curves as shown.d. Click Apply.e. Click Refresh graphics.

b

a

c

d

e





Elements.c. Click in the Curve List box.d. Screen pick each of the

four edges on the left and right sides of the circle as shown.

a

b

c

d



a

bc

d


Seed / One Way Bias.b. Enter 6 for the Number of

Elements.c. Enter 4 for L2/L1.

Depending on the direction of the arrow, you may have to enter 0.25 (or-4) to get the correct biasing.

d. Click on the Curve List box. e. Screen pick the four

remaining edges on the circle.

f. Screen pick the horizontal edge to the right of the circle.

e f


The mesh seeds should agree with the picture on the right.



Step 4. Create Mesh



Quad, Mesher to IsoMesh, and Topology to Quad4.


d. Rectangular pick the surfaces as shown.


f. Click Apply.

a

b

c

f

e

d


Step 4. Create Mesh

Equivalence the modela. Elements: Equivalence /

All / Tolerance Cube. b. Click Apply.

a

b


Step 5. Verify Mesh




a

b

c


Step 5. Verify Mesh




and Taper tests.

a

b

c

d








a

b

c

d

fe








a

b

c

d

e

f




Members box.b. Rectangular pick

the surfaces as shown.

c. Click Add.d. Click Apply.

ac

d

b







e. Click OK.

a

b

d

e

c




Application Region.b. Select the Curve or

Edge filter.c. Select the bottom left

edge of the surface.d. Click Add.e. Select the top left edge

of the surface.f. Click Add.g. Click OK. h. Click Apply.

ag

h

b

c

e

d f





Step 9. Apply Loads





Load.f. Click OK.

d

b

c

a

e

f



Application Region.b. For the application

region select the right edge of the top right surface as shown.

c. Click Add.d. Select the right edge of

the bottom right surface.

e. Click Add.f. Click OK.g. Click Apply.

Step 9. Apply Loads

a

b

c

f

g

ed


Step 9. Apply Loads






a

e

b

d

c






tension_coupon_b.xdb.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d




Erase.c. Click OK.

a

b

c








component stress.


a

b

c

d

WS9C-1

WORKSHOP 9C

TENSION COUPON

NAS120, Workshop 9C, January 2003

WS9C-2NAS120, Workshop 9C, January 2003



0.3




50 lb

10 in

4 in

2.0 DIA Hole






σmax = 432 psi




a

b c

d

e

f

g


Create a new database called tension_coupon.db

a. File / New.b. Enter tension_coupon_c as




a



Create two arcsa. Geometry: Create / Curve

/ 2D ArcAngles.b. Enter 0 for the Start Angle.c. Enter 45 for the End

Angle.d. Enter [5 2 0] for the Center

Point List.e. Click Apply.f. Repeat the procedure with

45 as the Start Angle and 90 as the End Angle.

a

b

c

d

e



Create two more curves.a. Geometry: Create / Curve /

XYZ.b. Enter <0 2 0> for the Vector

Coordinates List.c. Enter [7 2 0] for the Origin

Coordinates List. d. Click Apply.e. Repeat the procedure using

<2 0 0> as the vector and [5 4 0] as the origin.

a

b

c

d



Create two surfacesa. Geometry: Create / Surface

/ Curve.b. Screen pick the top curve

as shown.c. Screen pick the upper arc.d. Screen pick the right curve

as shown.e. Screen pick the lower arc.f. Turn on display lines.

ab

c

e

d

f



Create an extruded surfacea. Geometry: Create / Surface

/ Extrude.b. Enter <3 0 0> as the

Translation Vector.c. Click in the Curve List box,

then screen pick the right curve as shown.

a

c b



Mirror the surfacesa. Geometry: Transform /

Surface / Mirror.b. Set the Mirror Plane

Normal to Coord 0.2.c. For the Offset enter 2.d. Click in the Surface

List box.e. Rectangular select all


a

c

b

e

d



Mirror the surfaces againa. Geometry: Transform /

Surface / Mirror.b. Set the Mirror Plane

Normal to Coord 0.1.c. For the Offset enter 5.d. Click in the Surface

List box.e. Rectangular select all


a

b

ce

d



The mirrored surfaces should look like the picture on the right.

a. Turn off display lines

a





Elements.c. Click in the Curve List box.d. Screen pick each of the

four edges on the left and right sides of the circle as shown.

a

b

c

d



a

bc

d



Elements.c. Enter 4 for L2/L1. d. Click on the Curve List box. e. Screen pick three of the

remaining edges on the circle as shown. e





Elements.c. Enter 0.25 (or -4) for L2/L1. d. Click on the Curve List box.e. Screen pick the 1 remaining

edge on the circle. f. Screen pick the horizontal

edge to the right of the circle.

a

bc

d

e

f


The mesh seeds should agree with the picture on the right.



Step 4. Create Mesh



Quad, Mesher to IsoMesh, and Topology to Quad4.


d. Rectangular pick the surfaces as shown.


f. Click Apply.

a

b

c

f

e

d


Step 4. Create Mesh

Equivalence the modela. Elements: Equivalence /

All / Tolerance Cube. b. Click Apply.

a

b


Step 5. Verify Mesh




a

b

c


Step 5. Verify Mesh




and Taper tests.

a

b

c

d








a

b

c

d

fe








a

b

c

d

e

f




Members box.b. Rectangular pick


c. Click Add.d. Click Apply.

ac

d

b







e. Click OK.

a

b

d

e

c




Application Region.b. Select the Curve or

Edge filter.c. Select the bottom left

edge of the surface.d. Click Add.e. Select the top left edge

of the surface.f. Click Add.g. Click OK. h. Click Apply.

ag

h

b

c

e

d f





Step 8. Apply Loads





Load.f. Click OK.

d

b

c

a

e

f



Application Region.b. For the application

region select the right edge of the top right surface as shown.

c. Click Add.d. Select the right edge of

the bottom right surface.

e. Click Add.f. Click OK.g. Click Apply.

Step 8. Apply Loads

a

b

c

f

g

ed


Step 8. Apply Loads






a

e

b

d

c






tension_coupon_c.xdb.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d




Erase.c. Click OK.

a

b

c








component stress.


a

b

c

d


WS10A-1

WORKSHOP 10A

2½ D CLAMP – SWEEP MESHER

NAS120, Workshop 10A, January 2003



Problem Description Analyze the clamp shown below:

60 mm

100 mm150 mm

200 mm

30 mm

30 mm

50 mmR = 10 mm


Problem Description (cont.) A pressure loading of 1 N/mm2 is applied to the top face. Constrain the bolt hole in all three translations. Material Properties:

E = 109 x 103 N/mm2

ν =0.3


Workshop Objectives Practice the construction of a 2 ½ D solid model by sweeping 2D

elements.


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create a new database. 2. Create surface geometry. 3. Mesh the surface to create CQUAD4 plate elements.4. Sweep the plate elements into solid elements. 5. Create a boundary condition.6. Create a pressure load.7. Define material properties.8. Create Physical Properties.9. Run the finite element analysis using MSC.Nastran.10. Plot displacements and stresses.


a

b c

d

f

g

h


Create a new database called clamp.db

a. File / New.b. Enter clamp as the file name.c. Click OK.d. Choose Tolerance Based on

Model.e. Enter 200 for the Approximate

Maximum Model Dimension.f. Select MSC.Nastran as the

Analysis Code.g. Select Structural as the

Analysis Type.h. Click OK.

a

e


Step 2. Create Surface Geometry

Create the first surfacea. Geometry: Create /

Surface / XYZ.b. Enter <150 100 0> for the

Vector Coordinate List.c. Click Apply.

a

b

c



Add a hole to the surfacea. Geometry: Edit /

Surface / Add Hole.b. Enter 10 for the Hole

Radius.c. Enter [50 100 0] for the

Center Point List.d. Click in the Surface

box.e. Screen Pick Surface 1.f. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d

f



a

c

Create another surfacea. Geometry: Create /


Vector Coordinate List.c. Click in the Origin

Coordinates List box.d. Screen Pick the origin as

shown.b

d


Step 3. Create Mesh

Create a surface mesha. Elements: Create /

Mesh / Surface.b. Set the Mesher to

Paver.c. Click on Paver

Parameters.d. Set the Max h/L value

to 0.05.e. Click OK.f. Click in the Surface

List box.g. Rectangular pick both

surfaces. h. Set the Global Edge

Length to 10.i. Click Apply.

a

b

c d

f

g

h

i

e


Step 3. Create Mesh

View the meshed surfacea. Click on the Iso 3 View

Icon.

a


Step 4. Create Solid Elements

Sweep the plate elements into solid elements.

a. Elements: Sweep / Element / Extrude.

b. Click Mesh Control.c. Set the Number of

Elements to 6.d. Click OK.e. Set the Direction Vector

to <0 0 1>.f. Set the Extrude

Distance to 30.g. Click in the Base Entity

List box.h. Polygon pick the 2D

elements as shown.i. Click Apply.

a

bc

e d

f

h

g

i



Sweep the plate elements into solid elements.

a. Elements: Sweep / Element / Extrude.

b. Click Mesh Control.c. Set the number of

elements to 12.d. Click OK.e. Set the Direction Vector

to <0 0 1>.f. Set the Extrude

Distance to 60.g. Click in the Base Entity

List box.h. Polygon pick the rest of

the 2D elements as shown.

i. Click Apply.

a

bc

e d

f

h

g

i


Delete the plate elementsa. Elements: Delete /

Element.b. Pick the Quad Element

Filter.c. Rectangular pick all

elements.d. Click Apply.


a

b

c

d



Verify element boundariesa. Elements: Verify /

Element / Boundaries.b. Click Apply. a

b



Equivalence the modela. Elements: Equivalence

/ All / Tolerance Cube.b. Click Apply. a

b



Verify element boundaries again

a. Elements: Verify / Element / Boundaries.

b. Click Apply.aa

b


Step 5. Create Boundary Condition

Set Picking Preferencesa. Select Preferences /

Picking b. Choose Enclose

Centroid for Rectangle/Polygon Picking.

c. Click Close.

a

b

c




Displacement / Nodal.b. Enter bolt_hole as the


Translations e. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e




Filter select FEM.c. Click on Front View

Icon.d. Zoom in using View

Corners.e. Polygon pick nodes

on the bolt hole.f. Click Add.g. Click OK. h. Click Apply.


ag

h

c

f

b

cd


a

Step 6. Create Load

Create the pressure loada. Loads/BCs: Create /

Pressure / Element Uniform.b. Enter clamp_pressure as

the New Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter 1 for the Pressure.e. Click OK.

b

e

d

c


Apply the pressure loada. Click Select


Filter select FEM.c. Click on Bottom View

Icon.d. Click on Fit View Icon.e. Rectangular pick the

top surface of solid elements as shown.

f. Click Add.g. Click OK. h. Click Apply.

Step 6. Create Load

a

b

cd

e

f

g

h


Step 7. Define Material Properties


/ Manual Input.b. Enter titanium as the




a

b

c

d

fe




Solid.b. Enter solid as the Property

Set Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Select titanium as the


a

b

e

d

c



Apply the element propertiesa. Properties: Create / 3D /

Solid.b. Click in the Select

Members box.c. Select the Solid Element

filter.d. Rectangular pick all

elements as shown.e. Click Add.f. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f





a

e

b

d

c



Attach the results filea. Analysis: Attach XDB /

Result Entities / Local.b. Click Select Results File.c. Choose the results file

clamp.xdb.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d



Create a deformation plot for the mid span result case


b. Select Stress Tensoras the Fringe Result.

c. Select Von Mises as the Fringe Result Quantity.

d. Select Displacements, Translational as the Deformation Result.

e. Click Apply.

a

d

c

e

b


WS10B-1

WORKSHOP 10B

2½ D CLAMP – ISO MESHER

NAS120, Workshop 10B, January 2003



Problem Description Analyze the clamp shown below:

60 mm

100 mm150 mm

200 mm

30 mm

30 mm

50 mmR = 10 mm


Problem Description (cont.) A pressure loading of 1 N/mm2 is applied to the top face. Constrain the bolt hole in all three translations. Material Properties:

E = 109 x 103 N/mm2

ν =0.3


Workshop Objectives Practice the construction of simple (blue) solids


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create a new database. 2. Create surface geometry. 3. Extrude the surface geometry into solids.4. Mesh the solid geometry. 5. Create a boundary condition.6. Create a pressure load.7. Define material properties.8. Create Physical Properties.9. Run the finite element analysis using MSC.Nastran.10. Plot displacements and stresses.


a

b c

d

f

g

h


Create a new database called clamp.db

a. File / New.b. Enter clamp as the file name.c. Click OK.d. Choose Tolerance Based on

Model.e. Enter 200 for the Approximate

Maximum Model Dimension.f. Select MSC.Nastran as the

Analysis Code.g. Select Structural as the

Analysis Type.h. Click OK.

a

e



Create two arcsa. Geometry: Create / Curve

/ 2D ArcAngles.b. Enter 10 for the Radius.c. Enter 90 for the Start

Angle.d. Enter 135 for the End

Angle.e. Enter <50 50 0> for the

Center Point List.f. Click Apply.g. Repeat this procedure for

a Start Angle of 135 and an End Angle of 180.

a

b

c

d

e

f



Create another curvea. Geometry: Create /


Vector Coordinates List.c. Enter [0 50 0] for the

Origin Coordinates List.d. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d



Create another curvea. Geometry: Create / Curve


Vector Coordinate List.c. Click in the Origin

Coordinates List box.d. Screen Pick the origin at

the top of the left curve as shown.

a

c

b

d



Create 2 surfacesa. Geometry: Create /

Surface / Curve.b. Screen Pick the arc

section and opposite curve as shown.

c. Repeat the procedure to create another surface between the other two curves

a

b

c



Mirror the surfacesa. Geometry: Transform /

Surface / Mirror.b. Enter Coord 0.1 for the

Mirror Plane Normal.c. Enter 50 for the offset.d. Click in the surface list box

and screen pick both surfaces.

e. Repeat the procedure with Coord 0.2 as the mirror plane normal, 50 for the offset, and all four upper surfaces selected.

a

b

c

d

e



Extrude two surfacesa. Geometry: Create /

Surface / Extrude.b. Enter <50 0 0> for the

Translation Vector.c. Click in the Curve List box

and select the two edges as shown.

a

b

c



Extrude two more surfacesa. Geometry: Create /

Surface / Extrude.b. Enter <50 0 0> for the

Translation Vector.c. Click in the Curve List

box and select the two edges as shown.

a

b

c


Step 3. Create Solid Geometry

Create solidsa. Geometry: Create /

Solid / Extrude.b. Change to Isometric

view.c. Set the solid type to

IsoMeshable.d. Enter <0 0 30> for the

Translation Vector.e. Click in the Surface List

box and rectangular pick to select all surfaces.

f. Select the top surface of two solids, as shown.

a

b

c

d

e

f


Step 4. Create Mesh

Create mesh seedsa. Elements: Create /

Mesh Seed / Uniform.b. Set the Number of

Elements to 6.c. Click in the Curve List

box and select the two edges, as shown.

a

b

c


Step 4. Create Mesh

Create a solid mesha. Elements: Create /

Mesh / Solid.b. Select Hex as the

element shape.c. Set the Mesher to

IsoMesher.d. Click in the Solid List

box and select all solids.

e. Set the Global Edge Length to 10.

f. Click Apply.

a

bc

d

e

f


Step 4. Create Mesh

Equivalence the modela. Elements:

Equivalence / All / Tolerance Cube.

b. Click Apply.

a

b



Set Picking Preferencesa. Select Preferences /

Picking b. Choose Enclose

Centroid for Rectangle/Polygon Picking.

c. Click Close.

a

b

c







a

b

c

d

e





c. Click on the Iso 3 View Icon.

d. Zoom in using View Corners.

e. Select the Surface or Face Icon.

f. Pick all eight surfaces that surround the bolt hole.

g. Click Add.h. Click OK. i. Click Apply.


ah

i

g

b

cd

f

e


a

Step 6. Create Load


Pressure / Element Uniform.b. Enter clamp_pressure as

the New Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter 1 for the Pressure.e. Click OK.

b

e

d

c





c. Click on the Iso 3 View Icon.

d. Click on the Fit View Icon.

e. Pick the top surfaces of the solids as shown.


Step 6. Create Load

a

b

cd

ef

g

h


Step 7. Define Material Properties


/ Manual Input.b. Enter titanium as the




a

b

c

d

fe




Solid.b. Enter solid as the Property

Set Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Select titanium as the


a

b

e

dc




Solid.b. Click on the Bottom View

icon.c. Click in the Select

Members box.d. Rectangular pick all solids

as shown.e. Click Add.f. Click Apply.

a

c

d

e

f

b





a

e

b

d

c






clamp.xdb.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d








e. Click Apply.

a

d

c

e

b


WS11-1

WORKSHOP 11

SUPPORT BRACKET




Problem Description A bracket is constructed from titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V with the following

properties:E = 16 x 106 psi ν =0.31

A pressure load of 100 psi is applied to the top face of the support bracket.

The bracket is attached with two bolts. Model the bracket with tetrahedron elements.


Workshop Objectives Import a parasolid part

Mesh the part using TET 4 elements

Re-mesh the part using TET 10 elements

Evaluate the averaged and un-averaged stress results


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create a new database and name it bracket_tet4.db. 2. Import the parasolid part file support_bracket.xmt. 3. Mesh the part using TET4 elements. Use a global edge length of 0.375 in. 4. Create material and element properties.5. Constrain the two cylindrical holes to react shear loads (x and y translations).6. Constrain the back face to react z loads (z translation).7. Apply 100 psi to the top bracket face.8. Run the finite element analysis using MSC.Nastran.9. Plot displacements and stresses (averaged, un-averaged, and difference). 10. File / save a copy as bracket_tet10.db.11. Close the database and open the bracket_tet10 database.12. Delete the original results file.13. Re-mesh the part with TET10 elements. Use a global edge length of 0.375 in.14. Re-run the analysis.15. Attach the new results file to the database.16. Plot displacements and stresses (averaged, un-averaged, and difference). 17. Compare the TET10 model results with the TET4 model results.18. If time permits, re-mesh the model with TET10 elements using a global edge

length of 0.125 and run the analysis. This finer mesh will generate more accurate stress results than the previous two models.


a

b c

d

f

g


Create a new database called bracket_tet4.db

a. File / New.b. Enter bracket_tet4 as the file

name.c. Click OK.d. Choose Default Tolerance.e. Select MSC.Nastran as the



a

e


Step 2. Import Parasolid File

Import the Parasolid Filea. File: Import.b. Set the object to model

and the source to Parasolid.xmt.

c. Select support_bracket.xmt.

d. Click Apply.

ab

c

d


Step 3. Create Mesh


/ Solid.b. Set the topology to

TET4.c. Select the entire solid.d. Enter 0.375 for the

Global Edge Length.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 4. Create Material and Element Properties

a

c

b


/ Manual Input.b. Enter Ti-6Al-4V as the


Modulus and 0.31 for the Poisson Ratio.


d

fe




Solid.b. Enter bracket_prop as the

Property Set Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Select Ti-6Al-4V as the


a

b

c

e

d



Solid.b. Click in the Select

Members box.c. Rectangular pick all

elements as shown.d. Click Add.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e



Step 5. Constrain Bolt Holes

a

b



New Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter <0,0, > for


b

c

d

e

a





c. Click on Iso 2 ViewIcon.

d. Click on the Smooth Shaded View Icon.

e. Set the Selection Filter to Surface or Face and shift click to select the surfaces of both bolt holes.


Step 5. Constrain Bolt Holes

ag

h

f

b

cd

e


Step 6. Constrain the Back Face

a


Displacement / Nodal.b. Enter back_face as the

New Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter < , ,0> for


b

c

d

e





c. Select the Back Face.d. Click Add.e. Click OK. f. Click Apply.

ae

f

d

b

c

d

Step 6. Constrain the Back Face


a

Step 7. Create Pressure Load


Pressure / Element Uniform.b. Enter top_pressure as the

New Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter 100 for the Pressure.e. Click OK.

b

e

d

c





c. Select the top surface of the bracket.


Step 7. Create Pressure Load

a

b

c

d

e

f





a

e

b

d

c





bracket_tet4.xdb.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d








e. Click Apply.

Maximum Averaged Stress:

__________________

Maximum Displacement:

___________________

a

d

c

e

b



Create a fringe plota. Results: Create /

Fringe.b. Select Stress

Tensor as the Fringe Result.

c. Select Von Mises as the Fringe Result Quantity.


e. Set the Averaging domain to none.

f. Click Apply.

a

d

c

b

Maximum Un-averaged Stress:

__________________

e

f



Create a fringe plota. Results: Create / Fringe.b. Select the Plot Options

tool.c. Set the Averaging

domain to All Entities and the Method to Difference.

d. Click Apply.

Maximum Stress Difference:

__________________

a

d

c

b


Step 10. Save a Copy

Save a copy of the filea. File: Save a Copy.b. Type bracket_tet10 as the

file name.c. Click Save.

a

b c


Step 11. Open the New Database

Close the original file and open the new file

a. File: Close.b. File: Open.c. Select the file:

bracket_tet10.db.d. Click OK.

ab

c

d


Step 12. Delete Old Results File

Delete XDB attachmenta. Analysis: Delete / XDB

Attachment.b. Select the

bracket_tet4.xdbattachment

c. Click Apply.d. Choose Yes to delete

the attachment.

a

b

cd


Step 13. Re-Mesh the Part


/ Solid.b. Set the topology to

TET10.c. Select the entire solid.d. Enter 0.375 for the

Global Edge Length.e. Click Apply.f. Choose Yes to delete

the existing mesh.

a

b

c

d

ef





b. Change the job name to bracket_tet10.

c. Click Apply.

a

b

c


Step 15. Attach New Results File



bracket_tet10.xdb.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d



a

d

c

e

b






e. Click Apply.

Maximum Averaged Stress:

__________________

Maximum Displacement:

___________________

c



Create a fringe plota. Results: Create /

Fringe.b. Select Stress Tensor




e. Set the Averaging domain to none.

f. Click Apply.

Maximum Un-averaged Stress:

__________________

a

d

c

be

f



Maximum Stress Difference:

__________________

a

d

c

b

Create a fringe plota. Results: Create / Fringe.b. Select the Plot Options

tool.c. Set the Averaging

domain to All Entities and the Method to Difference.

d. Click Apply.



WORKSHOP 12

SPACECRAFT FAIRING



Problem Description In this exercise, a spacecraft fairing will be constructed. Curves and

surfaces will be used to define the fairing geometry. The finite element model will consist of 2-dimensional elements with 1-dimensional elements applied at various edges of the geometry. The 1-dimensional elements will represent stiffeners for the structure.


Workshop Objectives Learn to use Groups and Lists


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create a new database called fairing.db and set the model preferences.2. Create the model geometry.3. Create the mesh seeds for the model.4. IsoMesh the model using Quad4 topology.5. Check the free edges, equivalence the model, and then check the free

edges again.6. Create a new group called FEM that contains only the finite elemental

model. Then post only the FEM group.7. Create two material properties, alum_1 and alum_2.8. Create two fields, one for temperature and the other for thickness.9. Create element properties.10. Create a temperature boundary condition.11. Create a series of lists containing elements that satisfy these following

requirements: 1) the elements are made up of the alum_1 material, 2) the elements are greater than 0.98 in thickness, and 3) the elements have a temperature greater than 230.0 degrees.

12. Intersect lists a and b to produce a list of elements that satisfy the first two conditions.


Suggested Exercise Steps (Cont.)13. Create another list that satisfies the third condition.14. Intersect the new list with the other list to produce a group of elements that

satisfy all three conditions. Then, place these elements in a separate group.

15. Post the group containing the elements produced in step 14.16. Create 2 new groups, each containing elements with different property sets.17. Change the display attributes for each group.18. Post each group separately, then post both groups together.



Create a new database and set the model preferences.

a. File : New.b. Enter fairing for the File Name.c. Click OK.d. Set the Tolerance to Default.e. Make sure that the Analysis Code

and Analysis Type are set to MSC.Nastran and Structural,respectively.

f. Click OK.

a

b c

d

e

f


Step 2. Create Model Geometry

Create the points and curves that represent the outline of the fairing.

a. Geometry : Create / Point / XYZ.b. Enter [30 0 0] under Points

Coordinates List and click Apply.

c. Geometry : Create / Curve / XYZ.d. Enter <0 120 0> and [50 40 0]

under Vector Coordinates List and Origin Coordinates List,respectively.

e. Click Apply.f. Click on Show Labels icon.g. Click on Point Size icon to

increase the point size.h. Geometry : Create / Curve / Point.i. Click on Point 1 under Starting

Point List and click on Point 2 forEnding Point List.

j. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

h

i

j

f g


Step 2. Create Model Geometry (Cont.)

Illustrated here are curves that represent the basic geometry for the fairing. These curves will be revolved 360º in order to get the final model.



Create the fairing by revolving curves 1 and 2 about the fairing’s vertical center line.

a. Geometry : Create / Surface / Revolve.

b. Enter Coord 0.2 for Axisc. Enter 360 for the Total

Angle.d. Shift-select curves 1 and 2.e. Click Apply.f. Viewing : Angles.g. Enter 30 0 0 under Angles.h. Click Apply.

a

b

c

de

f

g

h



Change the display preferences in order to get a clearer visual of the model.

a. Display : Geometry…b. Enter 3 for Number of

Display Linesc. Click Apply, then Cancel.

a

b

c



Create a finite element mesh so that 4 node Quad elements are created every 10° along

the circumferential edges.

a. Elements : Create / MeshSeed / Uniform.

b. Select Number of Elements and enter 36 for the Number.

c. Select the top circumferential edge of the fairing(Surface 1.3)and click Apply.

a

b

c


Step 3. Create Mesh Seeds (Cont.)

In the vertical direction (y-direction), define a smoothly transitioning mesh density. The elements along the top of the cylinder are 2.5 times as large as those along the bottom edge (tapered end) of the fairing.

a. Elements : Create / Mesh Seed / One Way Bias.

b. Select L1 and L2 and enter 7 and 10 for L1 and L2, respectively.

c. Under Curve List, Select Curve 1and click Apply.

d. Elements : Create / Mesh Seed / One Way Bias.

e. Select L1 and L2 and enter 4 and 7 for L1 and L2, respectively.

f. Under Curve List, Select Curve 2and click Apply.

a

c

b

d

e

f


Step 4. Create a Mesh for the Model

Now that the mesh seeds have been created, mesh the model using Quad4 topology.

a. Elements : Create / Mesh/ Surface.

b. Select Quad, IsoMesh,and Quad4.

c. Rectangular pick the entire model and clickApply.

d. Remove the display lines by clicking the on the Display lines icon.

e. Remove the labels byclicking the Hide labelsicon.

f. Decrease the point-sizeby clicking on the Point Size icon.

a

b

c

e df


Step 4. Create a Mesh for the Model (Cont.)

Mesh the horizontal (circumferential) edges of each surface with two-noded bar elements.

a. Click on Plot/Erase icon andclick on Erase under FEM.

b. Click OK.c. Elements : Create / Mesh /

Curve. d. Set Topology to Bar2e. Shift select the 3 curves (as

indicated).f. Click Apply. b

c

d

e

f

a

e


Step 5. Observe the Free Edges

Check the free edges of the model, equivalence, and then check the free edges again.

a. Elements : Verify / Element / Boundaries.

b. Select Free Edges underDisplay Type.

c. Click Apply.d. Elements : Equivalence / All /

Tolerance Cube.e. Click Apply.f. Repeat steps a through c.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 6. Create a New Group

Replot the FEM and create a group called FEM containing only the finite elemental model. Post only this new group to the viewport.

a. Click on the Plot/Erase icon.b. Under FEM, click Plot.c. Click OK.d. Group : Create…e. Enter FEM for the New Group

Name.f. Select Unpost All Other

Groups.g. Change Group Contents to

Add All FEM.h. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h



Create the first material for the model. Material alum_1 will be applied to the top(cylindrical) portion of the fairing.

a. Materials : Create / Isotropic / Manual Input.

b. Enter alum_1 for the MaterialName.

c. Click on Input Properties.d. Select Linear Elastic and

enter 1.05E7, 0.33, and 2.6E-4, for Elastic Modulus,Poisson Ratio, and Density,respectively.


a

b

c

d

ef


Step 7. Create Material Properties (Cont.)

Create the second material for the model. Material alum_2 will be applied to the bottom(tapered) portion of the fairing.

a. Materials : Create / Isotropic / Manual Input.

b. Enter alum_2 for the MaterialName.

c. Click on Input Properties.d. Select Linear Elastic and

enter 1.18E7, 0.33, and 2.4E-4, for Elastic Modulus,Poisson Ratio, and Density,respectively.


a

b

c

d

ef


Step 8. Create Fields

Define a field that represents the varying thickness.

a. Fields : Create / Spatial / PCLFunction.

b. Enter thickness for the FieldName.

c. Enter 1.5-’Y/160 for the ScalarFunction and click Apply.

a

b

c



Plot the function defined in the field.

A. Field : ShowB. Select thickness as the

field to show.C. Click Specify Range.D. Enter 160.0 for the

maximum and 20 for the number of points.

E. Click O.K.F. Click Apply.

a

bd

e c

f



Delete the plot.A. XY Plot : Delete /

XYWindowB. Select XY Result

Window.C. Click Apply.D. Choose Yes to delete the

result window.

a

b

c

d


Define a field that represents the varying temperature distribution.

a. Fields : Create / Spatial / PCLFunction.

b. Enter temperature for the Field Name.

c. Enter 200.0-(150.0/160.0)*’Xfor the Scalar Function and click Apply.


a

b

c



Plot the function defined in the field.

A. Field : ShowB. Select temperature as

the field to show.C. Click Specify Range.D. Enter 50.0 for the

maximum and 10 for the number of points.

E. Click O.K.F. Click Apply.

bd

e c

a

f



Create two element properties which include the material definitions and varying thickness.

a. Click on the Front view icon.

b. Properties : Create / 2D / Shell.

c. Enter prop_1 for the Property Set Name.

d. Click on Input Properties.e. Click on Material Name and

select alum_1 from the Material Property Setslist box.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 9. Create Element Properties (Cont.)

Finish creating the first property set.a. Click on Thickness and select

thickness from the FieldDefinitions list.

b. Click OK.c. Click on Select Members and

click on the Shell Element icon.

d. Select the top(cylindrical) portion of the fairing bydragging a box around thedesired section (as indicatedon next page).

e. Click Add, then Apply.

a

b

d

c

e



Illustrated here is the desired application region for the first property set.



Create the second property set.a. Properties : Create / 2D /

Shell.b. Enter prop_2 for the Property

Set Name.c. Click on Input Properties…d. Click on Material Name and

select alum_2 from the Material Property Sets.

e. Click on Thickness and selectthickness from the FieldDefinitions box.

f. Click OK.g. Click on Select Members and

select the bottom(tapered)portion of the fairing by dragging a box around it(as indicated on next page).

h. Click Add, then Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h



Shown here are the elements for the desired application region of the second property set.


Step 10. Create Temperature Boundary Conditions

Define the model’s varying temperature distribution.

a. Loads/BCs : Create / Temperature/ Nodal.

b. Enter temp for the New Set Name.

c. Click on Input Data.d. Click on Temperature and select

temperature from the Spatial Fields.

e. Click OK.f. Click on Select Application

Region.g. Under Geometry Filter, select

FEM.h. Click on Application Region and

select the entire model.i. Click Add, then, OKj. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

j


Step 10. Create Temperature Boundary Conditions (Cont.)

Turn off the temperature labels in order to get a better visualization of the model.

a. Display : Load/BC/Elem. Prop…

b. Under Loads/BC’s remove check under Temperature.

c. Click Apply, then Cancel.

a

b

c


Step 11. Create Lists

Use Lists and groups to filter then group the quad elements that have the following attributes:Material : alum_1Thickness : > 0.98 Temperature : >230.0

a. Tools : List / Create…b. FEM / Element / Attributec. Under Attribute, select Material.d. Under Existing Materials, select

alum_1. e. Set the Target List to “A” and click

Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

The contents of List Acompose of elements that satisfy the first condition; they are made up of the alum_1 material.


Step 11. Create Lists (Cont.)

Define List B to include only the Quad elements that have a thickness greater than 0.98.

a. Properties : Show / Shell.b. Under Existing Properties,

select Thickness.c. Set Display Method to

Scalar Plot.d. Select Current Viewport,

select FEM and click Apply.

a

b

c

dShown above is a fringe plot the model by thickness. Those elements that are thicker than 0.98 will be included in the next list.


Step 11. Create Lists (Cont.)

After defining the list parameters, add the elements greater than 0.98 in thickness to list B.

a. Tools : List / Create…b. FEM / Element / Attribute.c. Under Attribute, select Fringe

Value.d. Under Fringe Tools, select

default_Fringe.e. Change the inequality to > and

enter 0.98.f. Select “B” for the Target List.g. Click on Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

The contents of List B include all elements thicker than 0.98.


Step 12. Intersect Lists

Intersect Lists A and B and replace the contents of List A with the elements found in the intersection.

a. Tools : List / Boolean…b. Click on the Intersect icon.c. Click on Replace A.

The new List A is composed of elements that satisfy both requirements: they are made up of alum

a

b

c


Step 13. Create More Lists

Perform a final classification of the elements. Isolate those elements that satisfy the third condition of the applied temperature load > 230.0.

a. Loads/BCs : Plot Contours / Temperature.

b. Select temp from the Existing Sets.

c. Select Temperature underSelect Data Variable.

d. Select the FEM group andclick Apply.

a

b

c

d


Step 13. Create More Lists (Cont.)

Clear the contents of List B and add the values obtained from the final classification.

a. Tools : List / Create.b. FEM / Element / Attribute.c. Select Fringe Value and

default_Fringe for Attribute and Fringe Tools respectively.

d. Change the inequality to > and enter230.0.

e. Select “B” for the Target List.f. Click on Clear on the List B formg. Click Apply on the List Create

form.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g


Step 14. Intersect Lists Again

Lists A and B will be intersected again to create a List C. This list will contain the elements that satisfy all three conditions. The contents of List C will then be placed into a new group called common_quads.

a. Tools : List / Boolean…b. Click Clear.c. Click on the Intersect icon(It

may be necessary to click onany of the other icons first).

d. Click on Add To Group…e. Enter common_quads for the

Group Name.f. Click Apply, then Cancel.

a

b

c

d e

f


Step 15. Post Group

Post the common_quad group. This is the group of elements that satisfy all three of the conditions defined earlier.

a. Group : Post…b. Select the

common_quads groupunder Select Groups toPost.

c. Click Apply, thenCancel.

d. Click on the Iso 1 viewicon.

a

b

c

d


Step 15. Post Group (Cont.)

This is the Iso 1 view of the elements in the common_quads group. These are all the elements that satisfied all three conditions.


Step 16. Create Two New Groups

Create two new groups, prop1_group and prop2_group. Then, change the display attributes for each group.

a. Click on the Reset Graphics icon.

b. Group : Create…c. Create / Property Set.d. Enter prop1_group for the

Group Name.e. Select prop_1 under Property

Sets and click Apply.f. Repeat steps b through e

entering prop2_group for theGroup Name and selecting prop_2 under Property Sets.

a

b

c

d

e

f


Step 17. Change the Display Attributes

Set the entity coloring and labeling to Group mode and then change the display attributes for each of the two new groups.

a. Display : Entity / Color / Label / Render…b. Select Group under Entity Color and

Labeling.c. Select the prop1_group under the Target

Group(s).d. Select HiddenLine for the Render Style

and select dark blue for the Shade Color.e. Click Apply.f. Select the prop2_group for the Target

Group(s).g. Select Wireframe for the Render Style and

select red for the Shade Color.h. Click Apply, then, Cancel.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h


Step 18. Post Groups

Change views and post the prop1_group.

a. Click on the Iso 3 view icon.b. Group : Post…c. Under Select Groups to

Post, select prop1_group.

d. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d


Step 18. Post Groups (Cont.)

Post only the prop2_group.a. Group : Post…b. Under Select Groups to

Post, selectprop2_group.

c. Click Apply.

a

b

c


Step 18. Post Groups (Cont.)

Post both the prop1_group and the prop2_group.

a. Group : Post…b. Under Select

Groups to Post, select both prop1_groupand prop2_group.

c. Click Apply.

a

b

c


WS13-1

WORKSHOP 13

RBE2 vs. RBE3




Problem Description A rectangular plate is fixed at its left and right edges. A rigid body

element is in the middle of the plate. Model this two ways in one database using RBE2 and RBE3 elements.

E = 10 x 106 psi ν =0.33 t = 0.2 in


Workshop Objectives Practice constructing RBE2 and RBE3 in Patran.

Understand the difference between RBE2 and RBE3


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create a new database and name it rbe2_vs_rbe3.db. 2. Create four rectangular surfaces.3. Mesh the surfaces to create plate elements. 4. Create two additional nodes.5. Create an RBE2 MPC. 6. Create an RBE3 MPC.7. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions.8. Create material properties. 9. Create physical properties.10. Run analysis with MSC.Nastran.11. Read the results into MSC.Patran.12. Plot the Von Mises stress and displacement. 13. Create vector marker plots to compare the RBE2 and RBE3 elements.


a

b c

d

f

g


Create a new database called rbe2_vs_rbe3.db

a. File / New.b. Enter rbe2_vs_rbe3 as the




a

e


Step 2. Create Rectangular Surfaces

Create a surfacea. Geometry: Create /

Surface / XYZ.b. Enter <10 10 0> for

the Vector Coordinates List.

c. Enter [0 0 0] [0 15 0] [20 0 0] [20 15 0] for the Origin Coordinates List.

d. Click Apply.b

d

a

c


Step 3. Mesh the Surfaces

Create a surface mesha. Elements: Create / Mesh

/ Surface.b. Select the surfaces.c. Enter 2.5 for the Global

Edge Length.d. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d


Step 4. Create Two Nodes

Create two nodesa. Elements: Create / Node

/ Edit.b. Enter 1000 for the Node

ID.c. Enter [15 5 0] for the

Node Location List.d. Click Apply.e. Repeat the procedure

with 2000 as the Node ID and [15 20 0] as the Node Location.

f. Click on the Node SizeIcon

a

b

c

d

f


Step 5. Create RBE2

Define dependent nodes.a. Elements: Create / MPC

/ RBE2.b. Enter 1000 for the MPC

ID.c. Click on Define Terms.d. Disable Auto Execute.e. Select the nodes on the

lower inner edges, as shown.

f. Select all six degrees of freedom in the DOFs list.

g. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g


Step 5. Create RBE2

Define independent nodesa. Select Node 1000 in

the Node List box.b. Click Apply.c. Click Cancel.d. Click Apply in the

Finite Elements form.

a

b c

d


Step 6. Create RBE3

Define dependent nodes.a. Elements: Create / MPC

/ RBE3.b. Enter 2000 for the MPC

ID.c. Click on Define Terms.d. Select Node 2000 in the

Node List box.e. Select all six degrees of

freedom in the DOFs list.f. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

f

e


Step 6. Create RBE3

e

b

d

c

Define independent nodesa. Click on Create

Independent.b. Select the nodes on

the upper inner edges, as shown.

c. Select UX, UY, and UZ in the DOFs list.

d. Click Apply.e. Click Cancel.

a


Step 6. Create RBE3

Finish creating RBE3a. Elements: Create /

MPC / RBE3.b. Click Apply.

a

b






Translations and Rotations. e. Click OK.

b

c

d

e

a





c. Set the Selection Filter to Curve or Edge and select an outer edge, as shown.

d. Click Add.e. Repeat the procedure

until all four edges have been added.

f. Click OK. g. Click Apply.

af

g

d

b


c



Create a loada. Loads/BCs: Create / Force

/ Nodal.b. Enter point_load as the

New Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter <100 0 0> for Force. e. Click OK.

b

c

d

e

a




Filter select FEM.c. Select Nodes 1000

and 2000.d. Click Add.e. Click OK. f. Click Apply.

ae

f

d

b


c



a

c

b


/ Manual Input.b. Enter aluminum for the




d

gf

e






material.e. Enter 0.2 for the Thickness.f. Click OK.

a

b

c

f

d

e



/ Shell.b. Click in the Select

Members box.c. Rectangular pick all

surfaces as shown.d. Click Add.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e






b. Click Subcases.c. Choose Default from

Available Subcases.d. Click Output

Requests.e. Select Multi Point

Constant Forces.f. Click OK.g. Click Apply. h. Click Cancel.i. Click Apply.

a

i

b

hgf

e

d

c





rbe2_vs_rbe3.xdb.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d


Step 12. Plot Stress and Displacement


Plot.b. Select Stress Tensor as

the Fringe Result.c. Select Displacements,


d. Click Apply.

a

d

c

b


Step 13. Plot Vector Markers

b

d

e

c

Create a marker plota. Click on Reset Graphicsb. Results: Create / Marker

Vector.c. Select MPC Constant

Forces, Translational as the Vector Result.

d. Select Show As Resultant.

e. Click Apply.

a



a

d

f

c

Create a marker plota. Results: Create / Marker

Vector.b. Click Reset Graphics.c. Select MPC Constant


d. Select Show As Component.

e. Select XX as the Component.

f. Click Apply.

e

b



a

c

e

b

Create a marker plota. Results: Create / Marker

Vector.b. Select MPC Constant


c. Select Show As Component.

d. Select YY as the component.

e. Click Apply.

d


WS14-1

WORKSHOP 14

NORMAL MODES OF A RECTANGULAR PLATE




Problem Description A rectangular plate is simply supported at all edges. Find the first 10

normal modes for this plate. E = 10 x 106 psi ν =0.33 ρ = 0.101 lb/in3

t = 0.125 in


Workshop Objectives Perform a normal modes analysis on a rectangular plate.

Evaluate the quality of the normal modes solution graphically.

Compare analysis results to theoretical results.

Evaluate the effect of varying mesh density.


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create a new database and name it rectangular_plate1.db. 2. Create a rectangular surface.3. Mesh the surface to create plate elements. 4. Create material properties. Don’t forget to enter density.5. Create physical properties.6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions.7. Perform a normal modes analysis to determine the first 10 modes for the plate.8. Read the results into MSC.Patran.9. Plot the mode shapes. Visually evaluate the quality of the mode shapes. 10. Compare the first natural frequency to theoretical results. 11. File / save a copy as rectangular_plate2.db.12. Close the database and open the rectangular_plate2 database.13. Delete the original results file.14. Re-mesh the surface. Use a global edge length of 0.5 in.15. Re-run the analysis.16. Attach the new results file to the database.17. Plot the mode shapes. 18. Compare the results from the finer mesh with the earlier results.


a

b c

d

f

g


Create a new database called rectangular_plate1.db

a. File / New.b. Enter rectangular_plate1 as




a

e


Step 2. Create a Rectangular Surface

Create a surfacea. Geometry: Create /


Vector Coordinates list.c. Click Apply.

b

c

a


Step 3. Mesh the Surface

Create a surface mesha. Elements: Create / Mesh

/ Surface.b. Select the surface.c. Enter 1.4 for the Global

Edge Length.d. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d



a

c

b


/ Manual Input.b. Enter plate_material for

the Material Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Enter 10e6 for the Elastic


Ratio.f. Enter 0.101 for the Density.g. Click OK. h. Click Apply.

d

hg

e

f




Shell.b. Enter plate_prop as the

Property Set Name.c. Click Input Properties.d. Select plate_material as

the material.e. Enter 0.125 for the

Thickness.f. Click OK.

a

b

c

f

d

e



/ Shell.b. Click in the Select

Members box.c. Rectangular pick the

entire plate as shown.d. Click Add.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e





Displacement / Nodal.b. Enter simple_support as

the New Set Name.c. Click Input Data.d. Enter <0,0,0> for


b

c

d

e

a





c. Set the Selection Filter to Curve or Edge and select an edge.

d. Click Add.e. Repeat the procedure

until all four edges have been added.

f. Click OK. g. Click Apply.

af

g

d

b


c


Step 7. Run Normal Modes Analysis


Model / Full Run.b. Click Solution Type.c. Choose Normal Modes.d. Click Solution Parameters.e. Enter 0.00259 for Wt.-Mass

conversion.f. Click OK.g. Click OK. h. Click Apply.

a

h

b

c

gf

e

d






Rectangular_plate1.xdb.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d


Step 9. Plot Mode Shapes


Plot.b. Select Eigenvectors,


c. Click Apply.

First 10 modes:

1_________ 6_________

2_________ 7_________

3_________ 8_________

4_________ 9_________

5_________ 10________

a

c

b


Step 10. Compare to Theoretical Results

Theoretical results based on “Formulas for Natural Frequency and Mode Shape”, 1984 edition, Table 11-4, case 16

)( 2νγ −=

112tE

a2πλf

3

2

21

1

a = 12, b = 8, a/b = 1.5λ1

2 = 32.08E = 10 x 106

t = 0.125ν = 0.33ρ = 0.101/386.1 = 2.616 x 10-4

γ = ρ . t = 3.270 x 10-5

f1 = 265 Hz


Step 11. Save a Copy

Save a copy of the filea. File: Save a Copy.b. Type rectangular_plate2

as the file name.c. Click Save.

a

b c


Step 12. Open the New Database

Close the original file and open the new file

a. File: Close.b. File: Open.c. Select the file:

rectangular_plate2.db .d. Click OK.

ab

c

d


Step 13. Delete Old Results File

Delete XDB attachmenta. Analysis: Delete / XDB

Attachment.b. Select the

rectangular_plate1 .xdb attachment.

c. Click Apply.d. Choose Yes to delete

the attachment.e. Click on the front view

icon.

a

b

cd

e


Step 14. Re-Mesh the Surface

Create a finer mesha. Elements: Create / Mesh

/ Surface.b. Select the entire surface.c. Enter 0.5 for the Global

Edge Length.d. Click Apply.e. Choose Yes to delete

the existing mesh.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 15. Run Normal Modes Analysis



b. Change the job name to: rectangular_plate2.

c. Click Apply.

a

b

c


Step 16. Attach New Results File




rectangular_plate2 .xdb.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d



a

c

b


Plot.b. Select Eigenvectors,


c. Click Apply.

First 10 modes:

1_________ 6_________

2_________ 7_________

3_________ 8_________

4_________ 9_________

5_________ 10________

WS15-1

WORKSHOP 15

BUCKLING OF A SUBMARINE PRESSURE HULL




Problem Description A submarine pressure hull is modeled by plate and bar elements. Check the pressure hull for buckling at an operating depth of 1000 ft

which is equivalent to an external pressure of 445 psi.


Workshop Objectives Create groups based on property sets.

Run a linear buckling analysis.


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create a new database and name it submarine.db. 2. Import the MSC.Nastran input file pressure_hull.bdf.3. Create groups based on property sets.4. Post only the center pressure shell section.5. Apply boundary conditions.6. Post the entire pressure shell.7. Apply an external pressure of 445 psi to the pressure shell.8. Run a linear buckling analysis. Request the first 5 roots (buckled modes).9. Read the xdb file into MSC.Patran.10. Post all the groups.11. Plot the buckled mode shapes and identify which part of the pressure hull is

buckling for each mode.


a

b c

d

f

g


Create a new database called submarine.db

a. File / New.b. Enter submarine as the file

name.c. Click OK.d. Choose Default Tolerance.e. Select MSC.Nastran as the



a

e


Step 2. Import File

ab

c

Import the Nastran Filea. File: Import.b. Set the object to model

and the source to MSC.Nastran Input.

c. Select pressure_hull.bdf.

d. Click Apply.

d


Step 3. Create Groups

Create a new groupa. Group: Create. b. Select Property Set as

the method.c. Select Multiple Groups.d. Click Apply.

bc

d

a


Step 4. Post Entire Pressure Shell

Post two groupsa. Group: Post. b. Shift click to select

pshell.1 and pshell.2.c. Click Apply. b

a

c




Displacement / Nodal.b. Enter xyzconstraint as the


Translations and Rotations.e. Click OK.

b

c

d

e

a




Filter select FEM.c. Select the node at the

tip of the shell as shown.


ae

f

d

b

c



Step 7. Apply Pressure Load

Create a pressure loada. Loads/BCs: Create /

Pressure / Element Uniform.

b. Enter pressure_load as the New Set Name.

c. Set the Target Element Type to 2D.

d. Click Input Data.e. Enter 445 for the Bottom

Surface Pressure.f. Click OK.

b

d

e

f

a

c




Filter select FEM.c. Select the entire shell.d. Click Add.e. Click OK. f. Click Apply.

ae

f

d

b

Step 7. Apply Pressure Load

c


Step 8. Run Linear Buckling Analysis



b. Click Solution Type.

c. Choose Buckling.d. Click Solution

Parameters.e. Enter 100 for the

Plate Rz Stiffness Factor.

f. Click Eigenvaule Extraction.

g. For the Number of Desired Roots, enter 5.

h. Click OK.i. Click OK.j. Click OK. k. Click Apply.

a

b

c

df

g

h

i

j

k

e






submarine.xdb.d. Click OK. e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

e

d


Step 10. Post All Groups

Post the default groupa. Group:Post.b. Select default_group.c. Click Apply.d. Click on the Reset Graphics

Icon.

a

b

c

d




Plot.b. Select a Mode.c. Select Eigenvectors,


d. Click Apply.e. Repeat for other modes.

a

d

c

b



Record Data in the following table:

Mode: Factor: Region of Buckling:

1 ______ _____________________________________

2 ______ _____________________________________

3 ______ _____________________________________

4 ______ _____________________________________

5 ______ _____________________________________

WORKSHOP 16

PARASOLID MODELING




Problem Description Create a parasolid model of a tension fitting using a number of the

parasolid tools in MSC.Patran


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create a new database for the tension fitting model.2. Create all the necessary 2D Geometry.3. Extrude the surface to begin creating the solid model.4. Create a solid shell by removing part of the solid.5. Create fillets for all inside edges of the solid.6. Create holes for the model by creating solid cylinders that pass through it,

and then use boolean to subtract the cylinders.7. Create cylinders to imprint the model.8. Imprint the solid using the cylinders.9. Delete the cylinders used for imprinting.10. TetMesh the completed solid11. Create loads and constraints on the model that will be used in the analysis.12. Create material properties for the model.13. Create the 3D element properties.14. Check to see that the load case Default has the load and constraint.15. Run the analysis by sending the model to MSC.Nastran.16. Access the results by attaching the XDB file. 17. Post-process the results from MSC Nastran.


Step 1. Create New Database for Tension Fitting

Create a new database called tension_fitting.db.

a. File / New.b. Enter tension_fitting as the

file name.c. Click OK.d. Choose Tolerance Based on




a

b c

d

e

f

g


Step 2. Create Surface

Create the Geometry for the tension fitting.

a. Geometry : Create / Surface / XYZ.

b. Enter <5 2 0> for Vector Coordinates List.

c. Enter [0 0 0] for Origin Coordinates List.

d. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d


Step 2. Create Surface (Cont.)

Copy points at opposite corners. a. Click increase Point Size icon

to show all points enlarged.b. Geometry : Transform / Point /

Translate.c. Enter <0.5 0 0> for

Translation Vector.d. Click in the Point List box.e. Click on the top-left corner.f. Enter <0 0.5 0> for

Translation Vector. g. Click in the Point List box.h. Click on the bottom-right

corner.

a

b

c f

e

h

d g



Create a curve by connecting the two translated points and break the surface with the curve.

a. Geometry : Create / Curve / Point.

b. Click on one of the two translated points as the starting point and the other as the ending point.

a

b

b



Break the surface and delete the upper portion of the original surface.

a. Geometry : Edit / Surface / Break.

b. Select the rectangular surface for the Surface List and the sloped curve for the Break Curve List.

c. Click Yes when message box appears.

d. Click the Refresh Graphics icon.

a

b

c

d



Delete the upper surface (above the break curve).

a. Geometry : Delete / Surface.

b. Click on the triangularsurface for the Surface List.

c. Click Apply.

a

b

c


Create a parasolid solid by extruding the surface in the z-direction.

a. Geometry : Create / Solid / Extrude.

b. Make sure TetMeshable solidicon is selected.

c. Enter <0 0 2> for the TranslationVector.

d. Click in the surface list box and then click on the surface.

e. Click Iso1 view.f. Click the Smooth-

shaded icon.

Step 3. Extrude the Surface to Create Solid

a

b

c

d

ef


Step 4. Create a solid shell

Edit the solid using the shell method to create a shelled solid.

a. Geometry : Edit / Solid / Shell

b. Enter 0.25 forThickness and turn off Auto Execute.

c. Click on Solid Face List and hold down the shift key and select the top, sloped, and front faces of the solid.

d. Click Apply.

a

b

d

c

c


Step 5. Create Fillets

Create the fillets on the inner edges of the solid.

a. Geometry : Edit / Solid / Edge Blend.

b. Make sure that the constantradius icon is selected.

c. Enter 0.25 for ConstantRadius.

d. Make sure Edges of Solidicon is selected and turn Auto Execute off.

e. Click on Solid Edge List and use the shift-click technique and select the 5 edges on the inside of thesolid.

f. Click Apply.It may be necessary to rotate the object in order to see then inner edges more easily. This can be done by holding the middle mouse button and moving the mouse.

a

b

c

d

f

e

e


Step 6. Create Holes for the Tension Fitting

Create the holes for the tension fitting by creating primitive solids that pass through the solid, then subtracting them.

a. Geometry : Create / Solid /Primitive.

b. Select the cylinder iconc. Enter 2.0 for the Height and

0.25 for the radius.d. Enter [-1 1.25 1] for the Base

Center Point List and Coord0.1 for the Axis List.

e. Click Apply.f. Geometry : Edit / Solid /

Boolean.g. Select Subtract icon.h. Select the tension fitting for

the Target Solid.i. Select the cylinder for the

Subtracting Solid List.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i


Step 6. Create Holes for the Tension Fitting (Cont.)

Create the points where the three bottom holes will be placed by translating an existing point and, then translating again.

a. Click wireframe icon.b. Geometry : Create /

Point / Extract.c. Select the Curve Icon.d. Click in the curve list box

and select the curve as shown.

e. Geometry: Transform / Point / Translate.

f. Enter <-0.75 0.25 0> for Translation Vector.

g. Click in the point list box and select the new point.

h. Enter <-1.50 0 0> for Translation Vector.

i. Enter 2 for repeat count.j. Select the translated point.

a

b

c

d

h

i

e

f

g

j


Step 6. Create Holes for the Tension Fitting (Cont.)

Create cylinders using points as base centers and then create holes by subtracting them from the solid.

a. Geometry : Create / Solid / Primitive.

b. Select cylinder icon.c. Enter -1.0 for Height List

and 0.125 for Radius List.d. Turn off Auto Execute.e. Shift-click to select the three

translated points for BaseCenter Point List.

f. Enter Coord 0.2 for axis listand click Apply.

g. Click Smooth Shaded icon.h. Geometry : Edit / Solid /

Boolean.i. Select subtract icon and turn off

Auto Execute.j. Select tension fitting as Target

Solid.k. Shift-click all three cylinders for

Subtracting Solid List.l. Click Apply.

It may be necessary to rotate the object several times in order to select the cylinders with ease

a

b

c

ef

h

ij

j

l

k

d

g


Step 7. Create Cylinders to Imprint Tension Fitting

Create points in the center of the holes in order to create cylinders to imprint onto the solid. Then create all four cylinders that will be used for Imprinting.

a. Click wireframe icon.b. Geometry : Create / Point /

ArcCenter.c. Select the four hole edges.d. Geometry : Create / Solid /

Primitive.e. Select cylinder iconf. Enter 1.0 for Height and

0.371 for Radius.g. Click on point in the center of

the big hole.h. Enter Coord 0.1 for Axis List.i. Click Apply.j. Click Smooth Shaded icon.

a

b c d

e

f

gh

i

j

c g


Step 7. Create Cylinders to Imprint Tension Fitting (Cont.)

Now, create the three cylindersthat will be used to imprint the base of the tension fitting.

a. Click wireframe icon.b. Geometry : Create / Solid /

Primitive.c. Select cylinder icond. Enter 0.5 for Height and

0.298 for Radius.e. Shift-click on point in the

center of each of the base holes.

f. Enter Coord 0.2 for Axis List.

g. Click Apply.h. Select Smooth Shaded

icon.

a

b

c

d

ef

g

h


Step 8. Imprint the Solid

Use the cylinders to imprint the solid and then delete the cylinders, resulting in the finished solid.

a. Geometry : Edit / Solid / Imprint.

b. Turn off Auto Execute.c. Shift-click all four

cylinders under Imprinting Solid List.

d. Select the tension fitting for the Imprinted Solid List.

e. Click Apply. The solid may seem unchanged, but the imprints on the solid will not be visible until the all the cylinders have been deleted.

a

c

d

e

b


Step 9. Delete the Cylinders

Delete the cylinders and make sure imprint method was completed.

a. Geometry : Delete / Solidb. Shift-click all four cylinders

for Solid List.c. Click Apply.

a

b

c


Step 10. TetMesh the Completed Solid

Create the TetMesh for the tension fitting.

a. Elements : Create / Mesh / Solid.

b. Make sure Tet, TetMesh, and Tet10are all selected.

c. Click on Input List andselect the solid.

d. Remove check for Automatic Calculationand enter 0.25 for Global Edge Length.

e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 11. Create Loads and Constraints

Create the loads and constraints for the model.

a. Click Refresh Graphics iconb. Loads/BCs : Create / Total

Load / Element Uniform.c. Enter Force as the New Set

Name.d. Click Input Data…e. Enter <-5000 0 0> for the

Load and click OK.f. Click Select Application

Region…g. Select the annular face

created by imprinting at the larger hole, then click Add.

h. Click OKi. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

Illustrated here is the desired application region.

g


Step 11. Create Loads and Constraints (Cont.)



Create the constraints on the base holes.a. Loads/BCs : Create /

Displacement / Nodal.b. Enter Fixed as New Set Name.c. Click Input Data…d. Enter <0 0 0> for Translation

only, and click OK.e. Click Select Application Region.f. Click on Select Geometry Entities.g. Select Surface or Face iconh. Shift-click the cylindrical surfaces at

the three holes on the base, andClick Add.

i. Click OK.j. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

jh

Illustrated here is the desired application region for one of the three holes.





Create the material properties for the model.

a. Materials : Create / Isotropic /Manual Input

b. Enter Aluminum for MaterialName.

c. Click Input Properties…d. Enter 10E6 for Elastic

Modulus and 0.3 for the Poisson Ratio.

e. Click OK f. Click Apply.

a

b

d

c

ef


Step 13. Create 3D Element Properties

Create the 3D element properties for the tension fitting.a. Properties : Create / 3D /

Solid.b. Enter 3D_tets for Property

Set Name.c. Click Input Properties…d. Select Aluminum from

Material Property Sets for Material Name.

e. Click OKf. Select the solid for

Application Region, and clickAdd.

g. Click Apply.

a

b

c d

ef

g


Step 14. Check the Load Case

Check the load case Default to make sure that the load and constraint are selected.

a. Load Cases : Modifyb. Click on the load case name

Default. c. Check to see that both the

load and constraints areassigned.

d. Click Cancel.

a

b

c

d


Step 15. Run the Analysis

Run the Analysis with MSC.Nastran.a. Analysis : Analyze / Entire

Model / Full Run.b. Click Translation

Parameters...c. Make sure XDB and Print is

selected.d. Click OK.e. Click Solution Type…f. Make sure LINEAR STATIC

is selected.g. Click OK.h. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h


Step 16. Access the Results

Attach the XDB file and access the results.

a. Analysis : Attach XDB / ResultEntities / Local.

b. Click Select Results File…c. Select tension_fitting.xdb

and click OK.d. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d


Step 17. Display Results

Create a deformation plota. Results : Create /

Deformation.b. Select Displacements,

Transitional from Select DeformationResult.

c. Click Apply.

a

b

c


Step 17. Display Results (Cont.)

Erase the geometry and do not show the undeformed model, so that only the deformed model is shown.

a. Display : Plot/Erase…b. Click Erase under Geometry.c. Click OK.d. Click Display Attributes.e. Remove check from Show

Undeformed.f. For the Render Style, choose

Shaded.g. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

g

f


Step 17. Display Results (Cont.)


Step 17. Read Results (Cont.)

Plot the von Mises stress for the model.

a. Results : Create / Fringe.

b. Select Stress Tensor from Select Fringe Result.

c. Select DisplayAttributes, then setDisplay to ElementEdges

d. Click Apply.

It may also be helpful to change the view several times in order to get a better visualization of the deformations. This can be done either by holding down the middle button on the mouse, or using the view icons.

a

b

c

d

WS17-1

WORKSHOP 17STIFFENED PLATE




Problem Description A thin plate is reinforced with two types of stiffeners. The outer edges of the plate are reinforced with I-beam

stiffeners. The interior of the plate is reinforced with three hat stiffeners. The structure is simply supported at two edges. A uniform pressure of 5 psi is applied to the surface of the

plate.

20.0

5.0 TYP

20.0


Problem Description (cont.)

The plate and stiffeners are constructed from aluminum alloy 7075-T73 with the following properties:

E = 10 x 106 psi

ν = 0.3

The plate is 0.100 in thick.



The I-beam stiffener has the following cross section:

2.0

1.0

0.1 TYP



The rolled hat stiffener has the following cross section:

B B

A

A

2.0

1.0

0.898

0.785

Cross-Sectional Area

0.504 in2

IAA 0.143 in4

IBB 0.174 in4

J 0.0016 in4


Suggested Exercise Steps1. Create surface geometric representing the plate.2. Mesh the geometry to create plate (CQUAD4) and bar (CBAR)

elements.3. Define material (MAT1) and element properties (PSHELL and

PBAR).4. Verify the Y-element axis and offset vectors for the bar elements.5. Define simply-supported boundary constraints (SPC1) and apply a

uniform pressure load to the plate (PLOAD4).6. Submit the model to MSC.Nastran for a linear static analysis.7. Post process the results.


CREATE NEW DATABASE

Create a new database called stiffened_plate.db.

a. File / New.b. Enter stiffened_plate as the




a

b c

d

e

fg


Step 1. Geometry: Create / Surface / XYZ

Create the surface.a. Geometry: Create /


Vector Coordinate List.c. Click Apply.

a

b

c


Step 1. Geometry: Create / Curve / XYZ

Turn on the Show Parametric Direction feature.

a. Display / Geometry...b. Check the Show

Parametric Direction box.

c. Click Apply.d. Click Cancel.

a

b

c d


Step 1. Geometry: Edit / Surface / Break

Break the surface in two in the v direction.

a. Edit / Surface / Break.b. Change the Option to

Parametric.c. Choose Constant u

Direction as the Break Direction.

d. Enter 0.5 as the Break Curve value.

e. Screen pick the surface created earlier.

f. Answer Yes when the question “Do you wish to delete the original surfaces?” appears.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 1. Geometry: Edit / Surface / Break

Break the Surfaces again in the v direction.

a. Screen pick the bottom surface.

b. Answer Yes when the question “Do you wish to delete the original surfaces?” appears.

c. Screen pick the top surface.

d. Answer Yes when the question “Do you wish to delete the original surfaces?” appears.

e. Click on the Show Label icon.

a

e


Step 2. Finite Elements: Create / Mesh / Surface

Generate plate elements.a. Finite Element: Create /

Mesh / Surface.b. Select Quad as the

Element Shape.

c. Select IsoMesh as the Mesher.

d. Select Quad4 Element Topology.

e. Select all the surfaces.

f. Enter 2 as the Global Edge Length.

g. Click Apply.h. Click on Hide Label

icon.

a

h

bc

g

d

e

f


Step 2. Finite Elements: Create / Mesh / Curve

Generate bar elements along the longitudinal edges of the surfaces.

a. Finite Element: Create / Mesh / Curve.

b. Choose Bar2 as the Element Topology.

c. Select the 5 horizontal surface edges.

d. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d


Step 2. Finite Element: Equivalence / All / Tolerance Cube

Equivalence the model to remove duplicate nodes at common surface edges.

a. Equivalence / All / Tolerance Cube.

b. Click Apply.

a

b


Step 3. Material: Create / Isotropic / Manual Input

Define a material for the model. a. Material: Create / Isotropic /

Manual Input. b. Type in alum for the

Material Name.c. Click on the Input

Properties button to bring up the Input Option window.

d. Enter 10E6 for the Elastic Modulus and 0.3 for Poisson Ratio.

e. Enter 0.101 for the Density.f. Click OK to return to the

main material menu.g. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

fg


Step 3. Element Properties: Create / 2D / Shell

Create element properties for the plate elements.


b. Enter plate as the Property Set Name.

c. Click on the Input Properties button.

d. Click on the alum in the Material Property Set Window.

e. Enter 0.1 as the thickness. f. Click OK.g. Select all surfaces for the

Application Region.h. Click Add.i. Click Apply.

a

b

c d

e

f

gh

i


Step 3. Element Properties: Create / 1D / Beam

Create element properties for the hat stiffeners.

a. Properties: Create / 1D / Beam.

b. Enter hat_stiffener as the Property Set Name.


d. Click on the alum in the Material Property Set Window.

e. Enter <0 0 1> for the Bar Orientation.

f. Enter <0 0 .948> for the offset at node 1 and node 2.

a

b

c

d

e

f



g. Scroll down the properties window to enter the following section properties:Area = .504Inertia 1,1 = ?Inertia 2,2 = ?Torsion Constant = .0016

h. Scroll further down to enter stress recovery point coordinates as shown on the right.

i. Click OK.

g

h

i



j. For the application region, select the three surface edges in the interior of the plate.

k. Click Add. l. Click Apply.

jk

l



Next, create element properties for the I-beam stiffeners.

a. Properties: Create / 1D / Beam.

b. Enter i_stiffener as the Property Set Name.


d. Click on the alum in the Material Property Set Window on the bottom section of the Input Properties window.

e. Enter <0 0 1> for the Bar Orientation.

f. Enter <0 0 1.05> for the Offset at both nodes.

g. Click on the Beam Library icon.

a

b

cd

e

f

g



h. Enter i_section for the New Section Name.

i. Select the I-Beam shape option.

j. Enter dimensions for the I-Beam as shown.

k. Click on Calculate/Displayto view the cross section.

l. Click OK.m. Click OK again.n. For the application region,

select the top and bottom edges of the plate.

o. Click Add.p. Click Apply.

h

i

j

k

m

no

p


Step 3. Viewing / Angles …

Change the viewing angle.a. Viewing/ Angles... b. Select Model Absolute.c. Input 23.0 34.0 0.0 as the

Angles.d. Click Apply.e. Click Cancel

a

b

c

d e


Step 4. Display / Load/BC/Elem Props…

Change the display settings to show beam offset.

a. Display / Load/BC/Elem Props...

b. Change Beam Display from 1D line to 1D line + offsets

c. Click Apply.d. Change Beam Display to

2D Mid-Span + Offsetse. Click Apply.f. Change Beam Display to

3D Full-Span + Offsetsg. Click Apply.h. Click Cancel.

a

b

c

df

h



1D + Offsets

2D + Offsets 3D + Offsets

1D


Step 4. Element Properties: Show

Verify the orientation of the hat sections by plotting the element y axis.

a. Properties: Showb. Select Definition of XY

Plane in the properties window.

c. Select the default_group.d. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d



Change the display of loads, boundary conditions, and element properties from geometry to finite elements.

a. Display / Load/BC/Elem Props...

b. Check the Show on FEM only box.

c. Click Apply.d. Click Cancel.e. Repeat steps from previous

page to plot the element y axis for the stiffeners.

a

b

c d


Step 5. Loads/BCs: Create / Displacement / Nodal

Create the boundary condition for the model.


b. Enter Simple_Support as the New Set Name.

c. Click on the Input Databutton.

d. Enter <0 0 0> for the Translations.

e. Click OK. f. Click on Select

Application Region. g. Select Geometry as the

geometry filter. h. Set the picking filter to

Curve or Edge.i. Select the left and right

edges of the plate.j. Click Add.k. Click OK.l. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

ef

g

h

ij

k

l


Step 5. Loads/BCs: Create / Displacement / Nodal

Stiffened plate with two edges constrained.


Step 5. Loads/BCs: Create / Pressure / Element Uniform

Apply pressure to the model.a. Create / Pressure / Element

Uniform. b. Enter pressure as the New

Set Name.c. Select 2D as the Target

Element Type. d. Click on the Input Data

button.e. Enter 5 in the Top Surf

Pressure field. f. Click OK. g. Click on Select

Application Region button.

h. Select Geometry as the Geometry Filter.

i. Set the picking filter to Surface.

j. Select all the surfaces for the Application Region.

k. Click Add, and OK.l. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

hi

j

kl


Step 5. Loads/BCs: Create / Pressure / Element Uniform

Stiffened plate model with applied pressure.


Step 6. Analysis: Analyze / Entire Model / Full Run

Submit the model for analysis. a. Analysis: Analyze / Entire

Model / Full Run. b. Click on the Solution

Type. c. Select LINEAR STATIC as

the Solution Type. d. Click OK.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 7. Analysis: Attach XDB / Result Entities / Local

After the job is completed, attach the XDB result file.

a. Access Results / Attach XDB / Result Entities.

b. Click on Select Result File.

c. Select the file called stiffened_plate.xdb.


a

b

c

d

e


Step 7. Results: Create / Quick Plot

Plot plate stress and deformation results.


b. Select the Default result case.

c. Select Stress Tensor for the Fringe Result.

d. Select Displacement, Translational for the Deformation Result.

e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 7. Results: Create / Quick Plot

Plot bar stress results. a. Select Bar Stresses,

Maximum Combined for the Fringe Result.

b. Click Apply. c. Plot the remaining bar

stress components one at at time.

a

b

c


WORKSHOP 18

ANNULAR PLATE




Problem DescriptionShown below is a 2-D representation of the annular plate shown on the title page. The outer edge of the plate is simply supported and a uniform line load of 85 lb/in is applied a distance ro from the center of the plate.

w

b

a

row

simply supportedsimply suppor ted


Outer Radius, a 1.5 in

Inner Radius, b 0.375 in

Annular Line Load Radius, ro 0.75 in

Line Load, w 85 lb/in

Elastic Modulus, E 10E6 psi

Poisson’s Ratio, ν 0.3

Thickness, t 0.125 in

Problem Description (Cont.)The annular plate dimensions, material properties, and element properties are specified below:


Theoretical Results (R. J. Roark, “Formulas for stress and strain”, Table 24, case 1a ):

Displacement:

Plate constant:

Plate constants dependent on the ratio a/b:

Loading constants dependent upon the ratio a/ro:

−

−= 3

7

913

LC

LCDway

( )2

3

112 vEtD−

=

( )

−−=

−

−+

+=

ab

bavC

ab

bav

ba

abvC

27

1

121

41ln

21

−

−+

+=

−

+

+

=

20

0

09

20

0

200

3

14

1ln2

1

1ln14

arv

rav

arL

ar

ra

ar

arL


Theoretical Results (cont.):

Plate constant:

D = 1788.576

Plate constants dependent on the ratio a/b:

Loading constants dependent upon the ratio a/ro:

Maximum displacement:

y = -0.0218

C1 = 0.8815 C7 = 1.7063

L3 = 0.01455 L9 = 0.2909



1. Create a geometry model of the annular plate. Build the model in sections to facilitate application of the line load.

2. Use Mesh Seeds to define the mesh density.

3. Create a finite element mesh. (GRID and CQUAD4)

4. Define material properties. (MAT1)

5. Define element properties and apply them to the model. (PSHELL)

6. Apply loads and boundary conditions to the model.

7. Submit the model to MSC.Nastran for analysis.

8. Post Process results using MSC.Patran.


Create New Database

Create a new database called annular_plate.db

a. File / New.

b. Enter annular_plate as the file name.

c. Click OK.

d. Choose Default Tolerance.

e. Select MSC.Nastran as the Analysis Code.

f. Select Structural as the Analysis Type.

g. Click OK.


Create the first curve

a. Geometry: Create / Curve / XYZ.

b. Enter <0.375 0 0> for the Vector Coordinate List.

c. Enter [0.375 0 0] for the Origin Coordinate List.

d. Click Apply.

e. Click the Show Labelsicon.

Step 1. Geometry: Create/Curve/XYZ

a

b

c

d

Show Labels Icon


Step 1.(Cont.) Geometry: Create/Curve/XYZ

a

b

c

Create the second curve.

a. Enter the second Vector Coordinate List: <0.75 0 0>.

b. Enter [0.75 0 0] as the new Origin Coordinate List.

c. Click Apply.


Create the surfaces by revolving the two curves 360 degrees.

a. Create / Surface / Revolve.

b. Set the Total Angle to 360.

c. Screen pick curve 1

d. Screen pick curve 2

Step 1. (Cont.) Create/Surface/Revolve

a

b

c d


Create mesh seeds that will be used to guide the mesh.

a. Finite Element: Create / Mesh Seed / Uniform.

b. Enter 40 as the Number of Elements.

c. Screen pick the inner edge of the plate for the Curve List.

Step 2. Finite Elements: Create/Mesh Seed/Uniform

a

b

c

d


Repeat the previous procedure to create 2 more sets of mesh seeds.

a. Enter 5 as the Number of Elements.

b. Screen pick Curve 1 for the Curve List.

c. Enter 10 as the Number of Elements.

d. Screen pick Curve 2 for the Curve List.

Step 2 (cont). Finite Elements: Create/Mesh Seed/Uniform


Step 3. Finite Elements: Create /Mesh/Surface

Create surface mesh based on mesh seeds created in previous steps.

a. Create / Mesh / Surface.b. Select Quad4 for element

topologyc. Select IsoMesh as the

Mesher.d. Screen pick both surfaces for

the Surface List.e. Click Apply.f. Click the Hide Labels icon to

hide the labels.

a

b

c

d

e

Hide Labels Icon


Step 3. Finite Element: Equivalence /All/Tolerance Cube

Merge all coincident nodes by Equivalencing the model.

a. Equivalence / All / Tolerance Cube.

b. Click Apply.

a

b


Step 3. Finite Element: Verify /Element/ Boundaries

Use Free Edge plot to inspect the model for any disconnected elements.

a. Verify / Element / Boundaries.b. Select Free Edges as the

Display Type.c. Click Apply.

a

b

c


Step 4. Material: Create /Isotropic/ Manual Input

Create a material property for the model.a. Material: Create / Isotropic /

Manual Input.b. Type in alum for the Material

Name.c. Click on the Input Properties

button to bring up the Input Option window.

d. Enter 10E6 for the Elastic Modulus and 0.3 for Poisson Ratio.

e. Click OK to return to the main material menu.

f. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

ef


Step 5. Element Properties: Create /2D/ Shell

Create element properties.a. Properties: Create / 2D /


Set Name.c. Click on the Input Properties

button.d. Click on alum in the Material

Property Sets Window.e. Enter 0.125 as the thickness.f. Click OK.g. Screen pick both surfaces for

the Application Region.h. Click Add.i. Click Apply.

a

b

cd

e

gh

i

f


Step 6. Loads/BCs: Create/ Displacement/Nodal

Create the boundary condition for the model.


b. Enter constraint as the New Set Name.

c. Click on the Input Databutton.

d. Enter <0 0 0> for the Translations.

e. Click OK.f. Click on Select

Application Region.g. Select Geometry as the

geometry filter.h. Set the picking filter to

Curve or Edge.i. Select the outer edge of

the plate for the Application Region.

j. Click Add.k. Click OK.l. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

ef

g

hi

j

k

l


Step 6.(cont.) Loads/BCs: Create Boundary Conditions

Annular plate with outer edge simply supported.


Step 6. Loads/BCs: Create/Distributed Load/Element Uniform

Apply distributed load to the model.a. Create / Distributed Load /

Element Uniform.b. Enter load as the New Set

Name.c. Select 2D as the Target

Element Type.d. Click on the Input Data

button.e. Enter <0 0 –85> in the Edge

Distr Load field.f. Click OK.g. Click on Select Application

Region button.h. Select Geometry as the

Geometry Filter.i. Select Surface 1.3 for the

Application Region.j. Click Add, and OK.k. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f g

h

i

j

jk


Step 6(cont.) Loads/BCs: Create Distributed Load

The distributed load is applied to the annular plate as shown.

Rotate the model using the middle mouse button to get a better view.


Step 7. Analysis: Analyze/ Entire Model/Full Run

Submit the model for analysis.a. Analysis: Analyze / Entire Model

/ Full Run.b. Click on the Solution Type.c. Select LINEAR STATIC as the

Solution Type.d. Click OK.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e


Step 8. Analysis: Attach XDB/ Result Entities/ Local

After the job is completed, attach the XDB result file.

a. Attach XDB / Result Entities / Local.

b. Click on Select Result File.c. Select the file called

annular_plate.xdb.d. Click OK.e. Click Apply.

a

b

c d

e


Step 8 (cont.) Results: Create/Quick Plot

Plot stress fringe and deformed shape on the same plot.

a. Results: Create / Quick Plot.b. Select the Default result case.c. Select Stress Tensor for the

Fringe Result.d. Select Displacement,

Translational for the Deformation Result.

e. Click Apply.

The Maximum Von Mises Stress is 2.98E4 psi

The Maximum Deformation is 2.19E-2 in

a

b

c

d

e


Documents

Linear Static Normal Modes and Buckling Analysis Using MSC.nastran and MSC.patran