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LigninApplications

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Low eve so igninan mo i ie ignincan yie

Highperformanceconcretestrengthaid

ConcretegrindingaidReduce damageofbuildingexternalwallcausedby

moistureandacidrain

Setretarderforacementcom osition

Sulfonated lignincontributeshigheradsorptionpropertiesandzetapotentialtocementparticles,and

matrix.

Selectligninscanimprovethecompressivestrength

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L gn nactsas reera ca scavengers

Ligninprovidesthermalprotectionto:

Styrene/butadiene/rubberpolymer

u er

Polypropylene

polycaprolactam

Ligninsnaturalantioxidantproperties providesusein

cosmeticandtopicalformulations.

Ligninsulfonatecontainingcosmeticcompositions have

beendevelopedfordecorativeuseonskin

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rac ngcompos t on nvo v ngquaternaryammon um

salt,aliphaticamine,ligninamine,imidazoline,andamide.

Waterstabilityofanasphaltmixturecanbeimprovedby

a ng . gn n ers

AsphaltemulsifyingagentcontainingSWNaligninsaltwith

anav.mol.wt.of200100,000(Nalignosulfonate orNa

,

needleleafpine)hastheproperHLBvalue,slow

demulsification speed,properfrothingability,andstrong

.

Ligninamineadditivehasbeenshowntoprovideawarm

mixadditivethatcanmodifythecombinationstateofas halt and stone material surface modif in the fluidit

anddecreaseproductioncostoftheasphaltmixtures

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LigninApplications:CarbonFiber

andRelated

Nativeligninorindustriallignincanbeusedforcarbonfibers

Carbonnanotubes havebeenmadefromlignin/lignosulfonates.

gn n ase act vate car on ers ave eenprepare y

initialsynthesisofligninphenolformaldehyde(LPF)resinswith

variedlignincontents,820%,resp.,andthenthemeltspinning

.

Kraftligninhasbeenfoundtoundergostrongadsorptionon

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Li ninalon withadiisoc anate usedfor roductionof

fiberboards,strawboards,particleboards,orientedstrandboards,

woodfiberinsulationboards,etc.

Graftedligninorlignosulfonate component,andresin.Binderyields

lowcostcompositematerialswithhavingareasonablewetstrength

A

lignin

based

modifier

has

been

added

to

formaldehyde

based

bindersystemssuchasphenolformaldehyde(PF),urea

formaldehyde(UF),melamineformaldehyde(MF),resorcinol

formaldehyde(RF)and/ortanninformaldehyderesins.Thelignin

basedmodifiermayusedforpanelboardssuchasplywood,hard

board,mediumdensityfiberboardorparticleboards

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LigninApplicationsFoams

Plastics/PolymersLi ninbasedri id ol urethane

Excellentinflameretardance

Epoxyresincomprisesanepoxyresinandacuringagent,wherein

thecuringagentisaligninderivedacidanhydrideSfreeligninhasbeenusedforautomotivebrakesandepoxyresins

forprintedcircuitboards.

Polyphenylene oxidebasedpolymersand ligninestersblends

exhibit

modulus

of

elasticity,

tensile

strength,

and

elongation

at

breakvaluesthatarecomparableorgreaterthanthepolyphenylene

oxidebasedpolymeralone.Theblendsprovideproperties

comparabletothepolyphenylene oxidebasedpolymers,yetutilize

lesspolymer.

Lignincanactasawaterabsorptioninhibitorandasfluidization

agents w enuse w t po yam ew enm xe nso orme t orm

andprocessedbyinjectionmolding,blowmolding,extrusion,or

blowextrusiontofabricatearticles.

stabilityandmechanicalproperties

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Li nin l cerininwatera liedu onthesurfacesofdust ieldin

situationslikecoalmines,coaltransportationbyrailcar,andstockyards,

etc.

SelectCaligninsulfonate powdershavebeenshowntostabilize

widespreadcontaminationfollowinganuclearaccident,fieldstudies

demonstrateadependenceontheweatherconditionsandthebenefits

is

a

short

term

corrective

action.

Dustmovementcanbecontrolledbysprayingaroadsurfacewithan

emulsionofasphalt,lignosulfonic andwater

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Polymerizationofacrylamide andhydroxymethylated shownto

Phenolicresinforwetcurtainpaper

Packaginglaminatecomprisingabarrierlayerofligninand

oligoorpolysaccharides,wheretheligninandoligoor

polysaccharidesareatleastpartlycovalentlybondedtoeach

otherinamatrix

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Phenols preparedbytakingligninreactingwithaHsupplying

solventatelevatedtemperature/pressure

Ligin depolymerizationprovidesroutesto:

Cresols

Catechols

Resorsinols

Quinones

Vanillin

ua aco s

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L gn nen ancesper ormanceo energy

storagedevices.

gn n ormsa n ayeron egrap e

powdersurfacewhichpreventsthegraphite

powderfromdecreasingHovervoltageand

powder.

.

duringthedryinganddryingtimeis

shortened..

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Alkalinefragmented/purifiedligninmixedwithdieselusing

surfactants/emulsifiers

Hydroliquefaction comprisingsuccessivehydroconversionstagesunderhighHpressure

Hydroconversion occurrs withsupportedcatalystanda

suspensionofligninandaHdonorsolvent

Polymetallic catalystssupportedonatleastslightlybasic

materialsandhydrogenconvertlignintohydrocarbons

Catalyticconversionoflignintogreengasoline/dieselbyaOxygenateFuelAdditivecom na ono pyro ys s, erma crac ng, y rocrac ng,

catalyticcracking,orhydrotreatment

Lignincatalytichydrogenreductionofcarbonoxygenbonds

carboncarbonbonds.Thecatalystsmaybeformedfroma

metalprecursorsuchasrutheniumorvanadiumanda

.

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petroleumbasedwaxusingligninand1,3propanediol

derivedfromarenewableresource.withimproved

.

Indulin ATligninwhenaddedtowoodpelletsproduces

better ualit ellets and had hi her fuel value.

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Caligninsulfonate,mol.wt.of 10,000g/mol, hasbeen

usedtothickenedbasegreasetoformalubricatinggrease

Agreasewithawax/ligninhadimprovedcorrosionprotection

properties.

Wearresistanceofthetoolsisincreasedbyusingagrease

containinghydrolyticlignin.

gn nsu ona e prov esan r c onproper es ogrease

providinglongerlubricationlife.

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Dyedispersantispreparedfrom sulfate/sulfitepulpingliquors,

crosslinked withsulfite/formaldehyde, productsexhibitsgood

dispersion,property,heatresistantstability,hightemp.dispersion

property,fiberstainingpropertyandazo dyereducingproperty

,

complexing agent,flocculent,thickenerorauxiliaryagentsfor

coatings,paintsoradhesives.

OilWellDrillingMuds

Coal

water

slurry

dispersant

Aligninderivedmaterial hasbeenreportedtobeagoodasa

detergentcompounds

Amixtureincludingpolycarboxylic acid,andligninsulfonicacidhas

beenusedforcleaningaluminumplatestopreventcalciumscaling

Ligninsulfonates havebeenusedasbiodegradableandnontoxic

Jetprintinginkwaspreparedincludingsulfonated lignin

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Slowreleaseureaiscomposedof9099%urea110ligninwt.%

Ligninisusedeitherdirectlyorchemicallymodified,asa

in er, ispersantagent orpestici es er ici es,

emulsifier,andasaheavymetalsequestrate

gn nnu r en me um as eenapp e asana ve or

restoringvegetationonroadslopeandbaremountain

Oxidizedandpulverizedligninwhenblendedwithother

acidicdrylandordesertsoil,orasabinderforfertilizer.

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Summary

Advent

of

Biorefinery

has

developed

several

new

sourcesoflignin

NewTranslationApplicationsaregrowingevery

Da !