Integrative Biology 335 Lecture Exam Two Spring 2012 NAME (please print neatly): 1. Write the hierarchical system of classification for carnation or clove pink (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). Be sure to include proper names for (i) Division (Phylum), (ii) Class, (iii) Order or Clade, (iv) Family, and (v) Species. To obtain the point for each category, the name must be spelled correctly. [5 points; no partial points] (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) 2. Beetle-pollinated flowers are usually large and bowl-shaped. They are often dull, white or green, with few visual attractions and no nectar guides. They may emit a strong fruity or aminoid odor and provide copious amounts of pollen for the beetle to eat. In the space below, draw a L.S. of any flower that you would expect to be pollinated by beetles. For full points, you must label the drawing completely. [3 points] 3. Provide two characteristics of flowers pollinated by hummingbirds. [2 points] (i) (ii) 4. What is a voucher specimen? [1 point]

5. This is a cladogram showing the hypothesized relationships among the four families of Caryophyllales. Complete the cladogram using the instructions provided below. [10 points]

(i). Indicate the proper phylogenetic positions of the four families we have studied in the Caryophyllales (i.e., write the names of these families in the boxes above [A-D] and below). Box A = Family _____________________________ Box B = Family _____________________________ Box C = Family _____________________________ Box D = Family _____________________________ (ii). List one synapomorphy supporting each branch of the cladogram (1-6). You can indicate the synapomorphy by writing the character in the box above, but be sure to also write it in the space below. The character you select must be diagnostic for that family or clade. Box 1 = Character ____________________________ Box 2 = Character ____________________________ Box 3 = Character ____________________________ Box 4 = Character ____________________________ Box 5 = Character ____________________________ Box 6 = Character ____________________________

6. Use simple and neat drawings to illustrate each of the following. To obtain full points, you must show all necessary critical features and label as necessary to avoid any ambiguity. [2 points each; -1 pt for each error, omission or ambiguity] (a) A L.S. of a flower from any typical member of the asterid clade

(b) A cyathium with two male flowers

(c) The components of a plant press

(d) A L.S. of a typical Brassicaceae flower showing all stamens

7. Identify the family/subfamily shown in the images below and indicate 2 features diagnostic for that taxon. [2 points each; 1 pt for family, ½ for each feature; 8 points total] A. Family (and subfamily, if applicable): ____________________________________________ (i) ______________________________________ (ii) _____________________________________

B. Family (and subfamily, if applicable): ____________________________________________ (i) ______________________________________ (ii) _____________________________________

7 continued. Identify the family/subfamily shown in the images below and indicate 2 features diagnostic for that taxon. [2 points each; 8 points total] C. Family (and subfamily, if applicable): ____________________________________________ (i) ______________________________________ (ii) _____________________________________

D. Family (and subfamily, if applicable): ____________________________________________ (i) ______________________________________ (ii) _____________________________________

8. (a) The advantages of outbreeding are numerous and plants have evolved a wide variety of breeding systems to promote cross-pollination. List six types of breeding systems that facilitate outbreeding. [1/2 point each, 3 points total] (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (b) Describe one of these systems in detail and use an illustration if this will help you. [2 points] 9. List four reasons why seed/fruit dispersal is important to a plant species. While there are many reasons, the four you list should be those emphasized in lecture. [2 points; ½ pt each] (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 10. For any two families we have covered since the last lecture exam, identify the family and draw its complete floral formula. [2 points each, 4 points total; -1 pt for each error or omission] Family? _____________________________

Family? ______________________________

11. In the Private Life of Plants video The Birds and the Bees, numerous examples of plants and their pollinators were presented. Match up the plant with pollinator or type of pollination by indicating the correct letter in the space. [3 points, ½ point each] Plant Pollinator or type of pollination _____ hazelnut (Betulaceae) a. male thymid wasps _____ dead horse arum b. black lemurs _____ hammer orchid c. fruit bats _____ brown-flowered protea d. blowflies _____ travelers palm e. wind _____ durian tree f. bush mice 12. Using information from the dispersal video and lecture, match the plant or plant part with its usual disperser or dispersal mechanism. [3 points, ½ point each] Plant Disperser or dispersal mechanism _____ seed case of grapple plant a. ants _____ seeds with elaisomes b. water/ocean currents _____ brazil nuts capsules and seeds c. viscin _____ sea bean d. ostrich _____ squirting cucumber e. agouti _____ mistletoe f. ballistic/mechanical 13. For each of the families listed below, indicate the major clade to which it belongs (i.e., ANITA grade, magnoliid, caryophyllid or Caryophyllales, rosid, asterid) [6 points] Asclepiadaceae ___________________________ Cactaceae ___________________________ Malvaceae ___________________________ Ericaceae ___________________________ Euphorbiaceae ___________________________ Oleaceae ___________________________

EXTRA CREDIT QUESTION 1. Construct a proper dichotomous key for the identification of the following four families: Asclepiadaceae, Oleaceae, Solanaceae, Ericaceae. [5 points] EXTRA CREDIT QUESTION 2. Fill out the herbarium specimen label below for any plant of your own choosing. For full points, you must indicate all necessary supporting information (you can make up this information, but it must be realistic). [5 points]

HERBARIUM OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS (ILL)

TOTAL SCORE (out of 60): __________________ (maximum score is 70 points with bonus)