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7/24/2019 Lec 4 - Protocols and TCP IP Suite
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Background of Wireless
Communication
StudentPresentations andProjects
Wireless Communication
Technology
Wireless Networking and
Mobile IP
Wireless Local Area
Networks
Wireless Communication
Protocols and TCP/IP SuiteProtocols and TCP/IP Suite
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Chapter 4
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Key Features of a Protocol
Syntax
Concerns the format of the data blocks
Semantics Includes control information for coordination and
error handling
Timing
Includes speed matching and seuencing
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!gents In"ol"ed in Communication
!pplications
#xchange data bet$een computers %e&g&' electronic
mail(
Computers
Connected to net$orks
)et$orks
Transfers data from one computer to another
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TCP*IP +ayers
Physical layer
)et$ork access layer
Internet layer ,ost-to-host' or transport layer
!pplication layer
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TCP*IP )et$ork !ccess +ayer
Concerned $ith the exchange of data bet$een an endsystem and the net$ork to $hich it0s attached
Soft$are used depends on type of net$ork
Circuit s$itching
Packet s$itching %e&g&' 1&23(
+!)s %e&g&' #thernet(
/thers
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T.TCP*IP Internet +ayer
ses internet protocol %IP(
Pro"ides routing functions to allo$ data to tra"erse
multiple interconnected net$orks
Implemented in end systems androuters
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TCP*IP ,ost-to-,ost' or Transport +ayer
Commonly uses transmission control protocol %tcp(
Pro"ides reliability during data exchange
Completeness /rder
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TCP*IP !pplication +ayer
+ogic supports user applications
ses separate modules that are peculiar to each
different type of application
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Protocol 5ata nits %P5s(
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Common TCP*IP !pplications
Simple mail transfer protocol %S6TP(
Pro"ides a basic electronic mail facility
File Transfer Protocol %FTP( !llo$s files to be sent from one system to another
T#+)#T
Pro"ides a remote logon capability
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+ayers of the /SI 6odel
!pplication
Presentation
Session Transport
)et$ork
5ata link Physical
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/SI !pplication +ayer
Pro"ides access to the /SI en"ironment for users
Pro"ides distributed information ser"ices
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/SI Presentation +ayer
Pro"ides independence to the application processes
from differences in data representation %syntax(
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/SI Session +ayer
Pro"ides the control structure for communication
bet$een applications
#stablishes' manages' and terminates connections
%sessions( bet$een cooperating applications
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/SI Transport +ayer
Pro"ides reliable' transparent transfer of data
bet$een end points
Pro"ides end-to-end error reco"ery and flo$ control
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/SI )et$ork +ayer
Pro"ides upper layers $ith independence from the
data transmission and s$itching technologies used to
connect systems
7esponsible for establishing' maintaining' and
terminating connections
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/SI 5ata link +ayer
Pro"ides for the reliable transfer of information
across the physical link
Sends blocks %frames( $ith the necessary
synchroni8ation' error control' and flo$ control
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/SI Physical +ayer
Concerned $ith transmission of unstructured bitstream o"er physical medium
5eals $ith accessing the physical medium
6echanical characteristics
#lectrical characteristics
Functional characteristics
Procedural characteristics
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Comparison of /SI and TCP*IP
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TCP*IP !rchitecture 5ominance
TCP*IP protocols matured uicker than similar /SI
protocols
When the need for interoperability across net$orks
$as recogni8ed' only TCP*IP $as a"ailable and
ready to go
/SI model is unnecessarily complex
!ccomplishes in se"en layers $hat TCP*IP does$ith fe$er layers
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#lements of Standardi8ation $ithin /SI
Frame$ork Protocol Specification
Format of protocol data units %P5s( exchanged
Semantics of all fields
!llo$able seuence of P5s
Ser"ice 5efinition Functional description that defines $hat ser"ices are
pro"ided' but not ho$ the ser"ices are to be pro"ided
!ddressing #ntities are referenced by means of a ser"ice access point
%S!P(
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Internet$orking Terms
Communication net$ork 9 facility that pro"ides adata transfer ser"ice among de"ices attached to thenet$ork
Internet 9 collection of communication net$orks'interconnected by bridges*routers
Intranet 9 internet used by an organi8ation forinternal purposes Pro"ides key Internet applications
Can exist as an isolated' self-contained internet
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Internet$orking Terms
#nd System %#S( 9 de"ice used to support end-userapplications or ser"ices
Intermediate System %IS( 9 de"ice used to connect
t$o net$orks :ridge 9 an IS used to connect t$o +!)s that use
similar +!) protocols
7outer - an IS used to connect t$o net$orks thatmay or may not be similar
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)et$ork 5ifferences 7outers 6ust
!ccommodate !ddressing schemes
5ifferent schemes for assigning addresses
6aximum packet si8es
5ifferent maximum packet si8es reuires segmentation
Interfaces
5iffering hard$are and soft$are interfaces
7eliability )et$ork may pro"ide unreliable ser"ice
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