Learning Objectives

• To know the main symptoms which are associated with schizophrenia

• To know what is meant by the term ‘subtypes’ when we are talking about schizophrenia

• To know the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia

Starter

• Add as much information as you can remember about what we covered last lesson to your specification handout

• This will act as an ‘at a glance’ mini summary of the whole topic once we have finished

The specification….feedback from last lesson

3.3.5 Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders diagnosisClassification of schizophrenia, including sub-types. Symptoms and diagnosis.Explanations, for schizophrenia including biological and sociocultural (labelling and family dysfunction).Treatments of schizophrenia, including anti-psychotic drugs and psychotherapy. The role of community care. Evaluation of these treatments.

Mood DisordersUnipolar and bipolar depression. Symptoms and diagnosis of unipolar and bipolar depression. Explanations, including biological, cognitive and psychodynamic.Treatments of mood disorders, including biological and cognitive.Evaluation of these treatments.

Introduction

• As a re-cap you will be presented with various case studies detailing symptoms in schizophrenic patients

• You must study the case studies and decide: are they displaying positive or negative symptoms?

ESTHER, 31 YEARS OLD

• Esther is an unmarried woman who lives with her elderly mother. A belief that the outside world is filled with radio waves that will insert evil thoughts into her head keeps Esther from leaving the house. The windows in her bedroom are ‘protected’ with aluminium foil that ‘deflects the radio waves’. She often hears voices that comment on these radio signals.

JOHN, 19 YEARS OLD• His parents said that over the last few

months he had gone from being an average student to failing his studies and leaving college. He answered questions in an emotionless tone and sometimes his answers were not connected to the question. There were occasions when his emotional expression and the words he spoke did not match, e.g. he would giggle continuously when speaking about a serious illness that his mother had suffered. Having excelled in team sports such as swimming and athletics and playing guitar in a band he was now doing none of these activities.

Learning Objectives

• What are the main symptoms associated with schizophrenia?

• What is meant by the term ‘subtypes’ when we are talking about schizophrenia?

• What are the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia?

SUBTYPES

Type I / Type II DSM-IVR

Type I vs Type II

• Based on the information, which individual is more likely to be suffering from Type I schizophrenia? Why?

• How is the Type I / Type II distinction different from just categorising symptoms into positive or negative?

MAIN – DSM-IVR • Use page 100/101 to complete your notes and

illustrations on the different sub-types of schizophrenia which appear in the DSM

Paranoid Catatonic Disorganised Undifferentiated ResidualFINISHED? Apply your knowledge to the

scenarios around the room

What do the symptoms mean – the following will help you with your task

• Disorganised speech e.g. What time is it? Fish.• Disorganised thoughts e.g. moving rapidly from one

unrelated topic to another• Disorganised behaviour e.g. dressing inappropriately• Catatonic behaviour – this can mean extreme loss of

motor skills or constant hyperactive motor activity • Waxy flexibility – if one were to move the arm of

someone with waxy flexibility, they would keep their arm where one moved it until it was moved again, as if it were made from wax.

• Stereotyped movements – a repetitive movement e.g. crossing and uncrossing legs or body rocking

Learning Objectives

• To know the main symptoms which are associated with schizophrenia

• To know what is meant by the term ‘subtypes’ when we are talking about schizophrenia

• To know the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia