LATHE MACHINE

LATHE MACHINE

TYPE OF LATHE MACHINE 

Function of various part of centre lathe machine

The main parts consist of a platform lathes, head stock, tailstock, quick change gear box and the car.

6.2.1 Runway

(A) The platform is the backbone of a lathe machine. The accuracy depends on the rigidity of lathe machines, alignment and precision on course.

(B) The top platform can be V-shaped or flat and located on top of other equipment such as tools front, the front car and tools.

(C) The platform is made of high quality cast iron. Heat treatment done on it so that violence can wear resistant.

HEADSTOCK

(A) This section is located on the left side of the machine platform.

(B) the main Spindal the form of a hollow shaft which is supported by a number of bearings located in this section. The end of the spindal or nose to drop out of the front tool-shaped tapered type, types of threads or cam type of key (kam lock)

(C) At the end of this spindal some tool like larva, living centered plate lathe and can be installed and used discretion to hold a workpiece or component to be lathed.

(D) To rotate the main spindal, tools forward with a series of pulleys or gear range. Tools gear forward with more speed and more accurate range of rotation than before the pulley tools. Furthermore, the pulley can be derailed when exposed to oil, and cause results that do not run flat or smooth.

TAILSTOCK

(A) This section is located on the right track. It can be mobilized along the track and can also be locked in any desired position. Equipment behind consisting of two main parts, the body and the base.

(B) In the body there is a tapering spindal Morse standards. Morse taper cutter handle, such as drill and reamers can be installed on the spindal.

(C) site behind machined with precision tools that can accurately track placed above. On site there are two screws which are used to align the coordinator of parallelism between centre dead and alive or offset centre tools turning back so with this method.

6.2.4 QUICK CHANGE GEAR BOX

(A) the gear box is located on the left front of the platform and tools below. This box has a number of multi-size gears to rotate the shaft of the screw driver or the sender.

(B) screw driver is used to develop the car while cutting threads. Transmitter shaft was used during a particular transmission rate automatically.

CAR

(A) BedThis section is cast in the form of the letter H and can be moved on rails. Cross-slide

(B)Apron (5)Part apron fitted with a bolt before the interval. Apron has some gear and equipment used to control movement and slide latitude intervals. A hand lever fitted with a pinion mesh with the rack is located under the platform. The hand lever is rotated as to move the car by hand (manually). Overall the car and cross-slide can be moved automatically or manually

(C) cross-slide (3)Pillar of the tool is installed on slide join. slide join slide is installed on the cross with two bolts. When both these bolts can be loosened combine cross-slide place on the desired angle. In this way, but the short sharp tapering can lathe. At the end of the latitude and slide join slide fitted with collars that marked precision cutting depth can be adjusted accurately.

 

WORK PIECE HELD TO THE LATHE MACHINE

Method to hold the workpiece in centre.

Nozzle types spindalThere are three types of nozzles which are common spindal on lathes. Accessories such as various types of larva and the nozzle plate attached to this lathe. Three types of nozzles spindal are:

Threaded ( jenis Berulir)Spindal nozzle threaded type normally found in small machines and the old. There are threads on the nozzle is usually the type of 'V'. An adapter plate that has threads and the same shape, are mounted on the rear choke. During this choke in the nozzle install spindal two things to note are:

external and internal threads must be clean. If not, installation will be inaccurate.

(b) the external threads on the nozzle spindal not damaged or chipped, because this will cause the larva can not be installed.

Amerika tapered(tirus amerika)

This spindal nozzle American tapered standard 89 mm for each 305 mm (3.5 inch for each foot). Tyre is sharp and allows accessories such as lathe pyrene choke and cleaned and installed or removed quickly. One key to place the nozzle tapered use choke or plate lathe in the correct position. Threaded ring of keys that are used to bind spindal choke on the main machine.

Kam-Lock

Spindal nozzle surface has three or six holes way. Function of this hole is to place and lock the cam stud key is in the accessory must be installed. Went a partial spin-lock will release the stud and allows accessories to be spent quickly and easily. In use, the type of lock is the village quickly than others.

Holding workpiece using choke 3 jaws The chart below shows the three methods used to hold

workpiece with three jaw choke. However, be carefulwhen using the techniques shown in the figure (a) and (c)

because this method may be slipping out of work if the deliveryexcessive cutting depth and done. Rounded workpieceshape of a hexagon can be held with the three-jaw choke.

Methods of work of the choke hold four jaw The chart below shows the three methods used to hold the workpiece with a choke

four jaws. Workpiece can be held with more precision with this type of larva larva three jaws. The concentration of roughly the workpiece can be done with the help of the existing curve in the face of concentric choke. Two more exact way is to help gauge the surface and the dial gauge.

Methods of work of the choke hold kolet

The chart below shows the method works with the choke hold the inner kolet type of 'draw back'. Kolet larva is usually used to hold and machining of small components quickly and accurately. To lock, pull bar is rotated and this causes kolet drawn into the tapered sleeve. This process allows kolet grip on the workpiece with a more precise and accurate.

Holds with fixed prop

The chart below shows the workpiece holding method with a fixed prop. These accessories are the most suitable once used to support the workpiece to be machined in length and at the end. Usually the length of the workpiece 3 times the diameter to be supported by a prop centered to prevent the workpiece from the bend or spring (spring).

Holds the moving prop The chart below shows the

method supports the use of travel timelong turning of the workpiece. Moving prop prevent workpiecespring at the position of the tool during machining process is ongoing.And suitable for use when turning parallel to the diameter of the workpiecesmall and long.

Spider Picture below show a spider

and its use. spiderusually used to support a long pipe or tube. one endchoke hold on the jaw and the other three attached to the spider. at the centerthere are holes where the center spider installed.

Cat head

The chart below shows the cat head. This tool should be used withwith a fixed prop. Cat head serve as advocates andpacking for a long shaft. This shaft may have been machined with precisionand smooth. With the use cat head shaft surface can be avoided fromscratches during turning. Hexagonal shaft length can also befitted with head propped cat so easily.

Angle of tool bit tipSUDUT SADAK ATAS (top rake) The main function of this angle is in the current scroll

production run is made.(This angle is positive or negative slope, see figure). This angle depends on thetypes of cut materials. Top of the corner for soft materials such as brassis greater than such as mild steel materials. To machine thetoo hard or soft on the proposed angle-angle negative

Sudut sadak tepi (side rake)

This angle depends on the material lathe and type of operation performed,example; rough turning, finishing and so on. Large cornerenable the scroll out easily and reduce friction, but weaken the cutting angle. Small angle rake and negative side tostrengthen the cutting angle, but this will affect the production of scrolland will increase the burden on the tool

Sudut telusan hadapan Angle of the tool prevents the front up against the workpiece

machined. The size of this angle depends on the rate of the square and the diameter ofmachined work. If the angle is too small, the tool will be up against the materialwork and will not cut well and produce a finishGross. If too large, the points of the tool will become weak, inflammableand fracture.

Sudut telusan tepi ‘Telusan’ angle depends on the hardness of the

material side of the lathe and ratescake cutting. For steel workpiece angle is between 6 and10 and for harder materials the angle is 4. This angle can be reduced in the event of chatter (chatter). On the other hand this point is added if in vibration.

angle cutters edge(sudut pemotong tepi)

This angle is between 10 and 25 and depending on the application, mislnyaoperation of turning polygonal, rough turning and so on. if the anglecutting edge is too large will cause the tool vibrate.

Cutting Angle of the End

This angle can be changed by the application. For rough turning suduut 5to 15 are used. Small angle of the tool tip will strengthen.For ordinary turning angle is between 15 and 30. Large angle of the tooldikilas left shoulder and turning operations that run almost to choke candone.

SHAPE OF TOOL BIT

 Common cutting tool ( Mata alat pemotongan biasa)

 Flute tool (Mata alat melurah)  Stringy tool ( Mata alat membenang)

-Type 'V' (Jenis ‘V’)-Acme-type (Jenis Acme)-Type Buttres (Jenis Buttres)-Type angular (Jenis Bersegi)

 Throwaway (Mata alat jenis sisip)  Bore tool (Mata alat menggerek)

Boring, Drilling , knurling, to turn pointed , cut screw thread and turn off center Boring

Operations is a process of enlarging bore holes have been drilled.

Drilling

Workpiece held on the choke or have been installed on the platesurface can be drilled quickly and accurately

Knurling

Knurling or in other words is like a flower is a processpattern formation in a cylinder.

To turn turning

Tapering can be considered as a uniform change in diameter of the workpiece is measuredparallel to the axis

Screw-thread

The new machines now do not have to be calculated and fitted withnetworks gear.

Turn off centre

There are two methods for turning non-concentric / eccentric turning of theusing a choke hold four jaw and methods between the workpiececentred.

Pictures Of Lathe Machines