Lathe Machine 1

8/3/2019 Lathe Machine 1

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The origin of turning dates to around 1300BC

when the Egyptians first developed a two-

person lathe.

The Romans improved the Egyptian design

with the addition of a turning bow

The lathe is an ancient tool, dating at least to

the Egyptians and known and used in Assyria,Greece, the Roman and Byzantine Empires

The system today is called the "spring pole"

lathe


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Lathe is a machine in which work piece is

held and rotated on its axis while cutting

tool is advanced along the line of desired

cut.


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Center lathe / engine lathe / bench lathe

Tool room lathe

Turret lathe and capstan lathe

Gang-tool lathe Multispindle lathe

CNC lathe / CNC turning center

Swiss-style lathe / Swiss turning center

Combination lathe / 3-in-1 machine

Mini-lathe and micro-lathe Wheel lathe

Brake lathe


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Headstock

Bed

Feed and lead screws

Carriage

Tailstock


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Cross-slide

Compound rest

Toolpost

Saddle

Apron


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Turning: That is, the part is rotated while a single point

cutting tool is moved parallel to the axis of rotation.

Facing: It is part of the turning process It involves moving the cutting tool at right

angles to the axis of rotation of the rotatingwork piece.

Parting: It is used to create deep grooves which will

remove a completed or part-completecomponent from its parent stock.


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Grooving:

It is like parting, except that grooves are cut to

a specific depth by a form tool instead of

severing a completed/part-completecomponent from the stock

Grooving can be performed on internal and

external surfaces


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Drilling:

It is used to remove material from the inside of a

work piece.

Screw cutting : Both standard and non-standard screw threads

can be turned on a lathe using an appropriate

cutting tool. (Usually having a 60, or 55 nose

angle


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The relative forces in a turning operation are

important in the design of machine tools.

Cutting force :

It acts downward on the tool tip allowingdeflection of the workpiece upward. It supplies

the energy required for the cutting operation.

Thrust force:

It acts in the longitudinal direction. It is alsocalled the feed force because it is in the feed

direction of the tool.


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Radial force:

It acts in the radial direction and tends to push

the tool away from the workpiece.


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Used with a variety of diameters of round

stock. It is a self centering chuck. it is used to

hold only round jobs.Four-jaw chuck:

Used mainly for holding irregular shapes.

Collet chuck:

Primarily used for small round work pieces

Faceplate:

A faceplate, drive dog, and mandrel may be

used to turn workpieces such as gearblanks.


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Drive center:

Use hydraulic or spring-loaded teeth that "bite"

into the end of workpieces and can be used

when the entire length of the workpiece mustbe machined.


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Documents

Lathe Machine 1