Las cláusulas adverbiales

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Adverbial Clauses (en inglés)

Adverbial clauses are clauses that act like adverbs. In other words, they add information about the action or event described in the independent clause.

Adverbial Clauses (en inglés)

time place

manner frequenc

y

duratio

n

reason

cause condition

Adverbial Clauses (en inglés)

Adverbial clauses modify the verb in the main clause by indicating how, when, for what purposes, and under what circumstances the action of the main clause takes place.

ALWAYS Take Subjunctive

These clauses tell why and under what circumstances.

a fin de que in order that

a menos que unless

antes (de)

que

before

con tal de

que

provided (that)

en caso de

que

in case

para que for + subject + infinitive, so

(that)

sin que without + subject + gerund,

unless

ALWAYS Take the Subjunctive

In order to use the subjunctive you must have a change in subject. If there is no change of subject, leave out the que and use the infinitive.◦La alcaldesa ha desarrollado un plan para que los jóvenes puedan encontrar empleo.

◦La alcaldesa ha desarrollado un plan para ayudar a los jóvenes.

Almost Always Take Indicative

These clauses typically refer to an action that has already occurred.

desde que (ever) since

así que, conque, de ahí

que

so, as a result,

thus

a pesar de que in spite of the

fact

si bien while, although

porque because

puesto que, ya que since, because

por si just in case

dado que given that

Indicative or Subjunctive

cuando when

después de

que

after

en cuanto as soon as

hasta que until

tan pronto

como

as soon as

aunque even though, although,

even if

mientras While, meanwhile

Indicative or Subjunctive

Use the subjunctive if the adverbial clause refers to to a future action or situation.

Special note: Aunque with subjunctive means although or even if. Use it to refer to things that may or may not be true or that may or may not have happened.

Indicative or Subjunctive

Use the indicative if the adverbial clause refers to a habitual or a completed action. Typically the independent verb will be in the preterite, the imperfect, or the present tense.

Special note: Aunque with the indicative means even though. It refers to things that you know are true or that you know have happened.

Indicative or Subjunctive

Aunque te graduaste, igual tienes que esforzarte para conseguir trabajo.◦Even though you graduated, just the same you

have to make an effort to find a job.Why indicative?

◦You have already graduated.

Indicative or Subjunctive

Aunque te gradúes, igual tienes que esforzarte para conseguir trabajo.◦Even if you graduate, just the same you have

to make an effort to find a job.Why subjunctive?

◦You have not graduated yet.