English Adverbial Clauses

8/13/2019 English Adverbial Clauses

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Unit 5. ADVERBIAL CLAUSES

A. TYPES OF ADVERBIAL CLAUSES

1. Time Clause

2. Place Clause

3. Manner, Distance, and Frequency Clauses

4. Reason Clauses

5. Result Clauses

6. Purpose Clauses

7. Concession Clauses

8. Contrast Clauses

B. PRACTICE


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Types Subordinators Examples

1.

TIME

WHEN, WHENEVER,

WHILE, AS SOON AS,

AFTER, SINCE, AS,

BEFORE, UNTIL

As she grew o ldershe gained in confidence.

She had been worrying ever sinc e the letter

arr ived.

You can ask for help whenever yo u n eed i t .Unt i l she spoke I hadnt realized she wasnt

English.

2.

PLACE

WHERE, ANYWHERE,

WHEREVER,

EVERYWHERE

Wherever she goes, there are crowds of people

waiting to see her.

Her cat followed her everywhere she went .

Where people were con cerned, his thresholdof boredom was low.

3.

DISTANCE/

FREQUENCY

MANNER

AS + ADVERB + AS

AS, AS IF, AS

THOUGH

Its not as hard as I thoug ht.

He behaved as i f nothing had happened.

4.

REASON

BECAUSE, AS, SINCE We thought that, sin ce we were in the area,wed

stop by and see them.


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5.

RESULT

SO + ADJECTIVE +

THAT

SO + ADVERB + THAT

SUCH A(N) + NOUN

PHRASE + THAT

SO + MUCH/ MANY/

FEW/ LITTLE + NOUN

PHRASE + THAT

She spoke so quietl y(that) I could hardly

hear her.

6.

PURPOSE

SO THAT, IN ORDER

THATAll those concerned must work together in

order that agreement can be reached on

this issue.

7.

CONCESSION/

Unexpected

Result

ALTHOUGH, EVEN

THOUGH, THOUGHI like her, even though she can be annoying

at times.

8.

CONTRAST/

Direct Opposition

WHILE, WHEREAS Some of the studies show positive results,

whereas others do not.


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1. Time Clausewhen, whenever, while, as soon as, after, since, as, before, until

FINITE CLAUSES(verb is in particular tenses)

NON-FINITE CLAUSES(verb is not in particular tenses)

- Ing/ - ed/ prepositional/ adjective phrase

I often read a book when I am traveli ng by

train.

When the hospital is f in ished, it will be opened

by the Prime Minister.

When Youre in Paris,you should visit the

Louvre.

You should take exercise whenever it i s possible.

I often read a book when traveli ng by train.

When fi nished,the hospital will be opened by

the Prime Minister.

When in Paris,you should visit the Louvre.

You should take exercise whenever possible.


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2. Place Clausewhere, anywhere, wherever, everywhere

FINITE CLAUSES NON-FINITE CLAUSESEverywhere I went,people were angry or

suspicious.

In Bali, wherever you go,you come across

ceremonies.

He said he was happy where he was.

Every place we went,we saw a fast food

restaurant.

Help must be given wherever possible.

He follows meeverywhere interesting.

Tell me your troublewherever necessary.


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3. Manner, Distance, and Frequency Clausesas + adverb + as, as, as if, as though, like, as, much as, just as

FINITE CLAUSES NON-FINITE CLAUSESI don't know why he behaves as he does.

She treats him as though he was her own son.

She looks as if she was crying.

He drives as careful ly as hi s father.

They are endeavoring to disguise this factmuch

as the former President did.

You can get therejust as cheaply by air as by

train.

As if to remind him,the church clock struck

eleven.

He ran off to the house as if escaping.

He shook his head as though dazzled by his own

vision.

He shivered as though with cold.

One must row steadily onwards as if in tent on

ones business.


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4. Reason Clausesbecause, as, since, in case, just in case, inasmuch as, insofar as

He was a very unusual musician inasmuch as he was total ly deaf.

Youd better take the keys in case Im out.

You probably wont need to call - but take my number, just in case.

Seeing that hes been off sick all weekhes unlikely to come.

Now that you mention i t,she did seem to be in a strange mood.

I believed her - for surely she would not li e to me.

Just because I dont complain,people think Im satisfied.

She may need some help as shes new.


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5. Result Clausesso that, so + adjective + that

so + adverb + that

such a(n) + noun phrase + that

so + much/ many/ few/ little + noun phrase + that

She was sotired (that) she couldnt think straight.

Nothing more was heard from himso that we began to wonder if he was dead.

The library is such a big place that I couldn' t fi nd the book I need.

There is so muchnoise in the dormitory that I can' t study there.


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6. Purpose ClausesSO THAT, IN ORDER THAT, IN ORDER TO, SO AS TO, SO, TO

FINITE CLAUSES NON FINITE CLAUSES

All those concerned must work together in order

that agreement can be reached on this issue.

I bought six cows so that we should have milk tosell.

She worked hard so everythi ng would be ready in

time.

All those concerned must work together in order

to reach on thi s issue.

We went early so as to get good seats.

You have two legs so as to walk more, two ears

so as to hear more,two hands so as to work more,

but only one mouth so as to tal k lessand one

mouth so as not to poke it into other peoples

business.


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7. Concession ClausesALTHOUGH, EVEN THOUGH, THOUGH, WHILE, WHILST

FINITE CLAUSES NON FINITE CLAUSESIll get there, even i f I have to walk.

There are a lot of spelling mistakes, even so, its

quite a good essay.

Whil e I am wil li ng to help,I do not have much

time available.

Anne was fond of Tim, though he often annoyed

her.

Though she gave no sign,I was sure she had

seen me.

Strange though i t may sound,I was pleased it

was over.

His clothes, though old and worn,looked clean

and of good quality.

Though not very attractive physical ly,she

possessed a sense of humor

Despite working hard,I failed my exam.

I n spite of h is age,he still leads an active life.

They went swimming in spite of all the danger

signs.


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8. Contrast ClausesWHILE, WHEREAS

Some of the studies show positive results, whereas others do not.

While Toms very good at science,his brother is absolutely hopeless.


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English Adverbial Clauses