Keynote Intermediate Unit1

8/16/2019 Keynote Intermediate Unit1

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8

MARK BEZOS worked in advertising for many years and

now works for a charity organization, Robin Hood, which

fights poverty in New York City. He is also a volunteer

firefighter in Westchester County, New York, where he

lives. Firefighting is a highly respected job in the USA. Mark

Bezos is continuously amazed and motivated by the acts

of heroism – big and small – that he sees every day.

Mark Bezos’s idea worth spreading is that every act

of generosity matters – even the small ones.

BACKGROUND

1 You are going to watch a TED Talk by Mark Bezos called

A life lesson from a volunteer firefighter. Read the text

about the speaker and the talk. Then work in pairs and

answer the questions.

1 What job did Mark Bezos have before and what jobs

does he have now?

2 How do people in the USA feel about firefighters?

3 What motivates Mark Bezos?

Workinglife

1



9

AUTHENTIC LISTENING SKILLS Dealingwith new vocabulary

When you listen to authentic speech, you will hear many

new vocabulary items. Don’t try to understand every word.

● Listen for words that are stressed.

● Listen for words that the speaker repeats.

● Stay relaxed and keep listening.

3a 1 Look at the Authentic listening skills box. Listen

to three sentences from the TED Talk. Underline the words

that are repeated and circle the words that are stressed.

1 Back in New York, I am the head of development for a

non-profit called Robin Hood.

2 When I’m not fighting poverty, I’m fighting fires as the

assistant captain of a volunteer fire company.

3 Now in our town, where the volunteers supplement a

highly skilled career staff, you have to get to the fire

scene pretty early to get in on any action.

3b 2 Read sentence 4. Which words will be stressed?

Which words are repeated? Then listen and check.

4 I am witness to acts of generosity and kindness on a

monumental scale … but I'm also witness to acts of

grace and courage on an individual basis.

KEY WORDS

2 Read the sentences (1–7). The words in bold are used in

the TED Talk. First guess the meaning of the words. Then

match the words with their definitions (a–g).

1 Firefighting is his vocation. He wanted to be a firefighter

from the age of twelve.

2 He was jealous of his colleague’s new office.

3 She’s the homeowner – it’s her house and she’s lived

there for twenty years.4 Poor people can get meals from a local soup kitchen.

5 In my job as a firefighter, I am witness to a lot of

accidents.

6 When the firefighters arrived, the kitchen was in flames.

7 My mother is a retired doctor, but she still works as a

volunteer in an old people’s hospital.

a someone who does a job for no pay

b on fire

c a person who owns a house or flat

d a job or career that you feel fits your aims in life

e feel negatively about someone who has something

you want

f someone who sees an event

g a place where free food is served to people in need

Reconstruction work,

Hassan II Mosque,

Casablanca



10

1 1.1 Mark Bezos tells a story about a time he went

to help at a fire. Watch the TED Talk. Choose the lesson

(a–c) that you think Mark Bezos wants us to learn.

a We should always help our friends and family first.

b Small acts of kindness are as important as big ones.

c First be successful in your job and then go out and

help others.2 Work in pairs. What example did Mark Bezos give to

illustrate this lesson? Discuss with your partner.

3 1.1 Watch the first part (0.00–1.06) of the talk again.

Choose the correct option to make true sentences.

1 Mark Bezos is a professional / volunteer firefighter in

his town.

2 At his first fire he was the first / second volunteer to

arrive.

3 When Mark Bezos found the captain, he was speakingto another volunteer / the homeowner.

4 It was the middle of the day / night and it was raining.

1.1 A life lesson froma volunteer firefighter

▶ profit /ˈprɑfɪt/ N AM ENG ▶ gotten /ˈgɑt(ə)n/ N AM ENG

▶ profit /ˈprɒfɪt/ BR ENG ▶ got /gɒt/ BR ENG



Uni t 1 W or k i n g

l i f e

11▶ offer /ˈɑfər/ N AM ENG ▶ opportunity /ˌɑpərˈtunəti/ N AM ENG

▶ offer /ˈɒfə(r )/ BR ENG ▶ opportunity /ˌɒpə(r)ˈtjuːnəti/ BR ENG

10 Read this comment* about the TED Talk. Then discuss

the questions.

1 What does the viewer like about the way Mark Bezos

delivered his message?

2 Do you agree with her?

Viewers’ comments

Rachel – I like this talk – a short, everyday story with a

simple lesson. It was a small gift from Mark Bezos which

could make a big difference in many people’s lives.

*The comment was created for this activity.

R

PRESENTATION SKILLS Being authentic

11 Work in pairs. What kind of person do you think an

audience most likes to see giving a presentation: a

confident person, a knowledgeable person, a funny

person, a sincere person? Of these qualities, which is

most appealing to you, and why?

12 Look at the Presentation tips box. What kind of person

does it suggest people like to listen to?

T I P S

When you give a talk, it’s important to be yourself and for

your personality to come through. Follow these steps:

1 Write your talk yourself. Use words and expressions

that you would normally use so that your words

convey your personality.

2 Speak from the heart. Talk about things that youknow about and believe in.

3 Don’t worry if you are nervous. An audience

sometimes warms more to someone who is nervous

than someone who is full of confidence. They want

you to succeed.

4 Relax your body. Try to move and gesture as you

normally do.

13 1.3 Watch the clip from the TED Talk. Then answer

the questions.

1 Does the audience ‘warm’ to Mark Bezos? How canyou tell?

2 Which points (1–4) from the Presentation tips box do you

think Mark Bezos follows in his talk?

14 You are going to give a two-minute mini-presentation.

Make some brief notes to present what you do for a living

or what you are studying. Explain some surprising things

about your job or studies – what people may not know

about it – and/or the aspects of your job or studies that

you like or dislike.

15 Work in pairs. Give your presentation. Use the advice

from the Presentation tips box and be yourself!

4 1.1 Read the sentences. Then watch the

second part (1.06–2.46) of the talk again. Complete

the sentences with one word per space.

1 The captain asked the other volunteer to rescue a

from inside the house.

2 Mark Bezos felt that the other volunteercould tell people he saved a living animal.

3 The captain asked Mark Bezos to go into the house

and back some shoes.

4 He carried the shoes back downstairs and gave them to

the .

5 A few weeks later, the homeowner sent a letter thanking

the fire department, in particular for saving her

.

5 1.1 Watch the third part (2.46 to the end) of the talk

again. Answer the questions.

1 What has Mark Bezos learned about the acts of kindnessand generosity that he sees?

2 Mark Bezos’s two-word message for his audience is

‘Don’t .’ What does he mean by this?

3 What is one example of the kind of help we can give

to others?

6 Work in pairs. Discuss other ways that people can help

their communities. What could you do?

VOCABULARY IN CONTEXT

7 1.2 Watch the clips from the TED Talk. Choose the

correct meaning of the words.

8 Work in pairs. Complete the sentences in your own

words.

1 There’s a pretty good chance that next year I will …

2 I’m pretty much done … (-ing ) …

3 The three things that matter most to me are …

CRITICAL THINKING How a messageis delivered

9 Work in pairs. Read the conclusion or ‘message’ of Mark

Bezos’s talk. How did he get this message across?Choose the best answer (a–c).

‘Don’t wait until you make your first million to make a

difference in somebody’s life. If you have something to give,

give it now.’

a with different examples

b with visuals / pictures

c with a simple story



12

GRAMMAR Present simple

1 Work in pairs. What makes a good job? Put the points (a–g)

in order of importance for you. Then discuss your priorities.

a a good salary

b respect of others in society

c job securityd a low level of stress

e a high level of training

f the satisfaction of helping other people

g a mental or physical challenge

2 Look at the infographic. What do you think an occupational

therapist helps patients to do? Give examples. Which of the

points (a–g) in Exercise 1 do you think are true for this job?

3 3 Listen to an occupational therapist talking

about her job. Answer the questions.

1 What is the satisfying part of the job?2 What is the more routine part of the job?

3 Do you like the sound of the job? Why? / Why not?

1.2 What makes a good job?

PRESENT SIMPLE

1 I work as an occupational therapist.

2 The patient comes to your clinic.

3 What do you do exactly?

4 Does that give you a lot of satisfaction?

5 I don’t spend all my time with patients.

6 Who comes to see you at the clinic?

a Do the verbs in bold describe a permanent or a

temporary situation?

b When does an affirmative verb have a final -s?

c What is the auxiliary (not main) verb in questions and

negative sentences?

d What is the difference between question 3 and

question 6?

Check your answers on page 140 and do Exercises 1–2.

4 Read the sentences (1–6) in the Grammar box. Answer

the questions (a–d).

At the therapist’s

clinic/hospital

At the

patient’s home

WHAT DO

OCCUPATIONALTHERAPISTS DO?

WHERE DOOCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS WORK?

1 ASSIST people with injuries or

disabilities

2 HELP people to recover

3 TRAIN people to do

everyday tasks again

35,902

3 YEARS

£21,388–£40,000

50%

Number of occupationaltherapists in the UK 2015

Training time

Salary

OCCUPATIONAL

THERAPY INNUMBERS

Average time inpatients’ homes



Uni t 1 W or k i n gl i f e

13 21st CENTURY OUTCOMES INFORMATION LITERACY Evaluating data

5 Complete the sentences using the correct form of the

present simple.

1 What jobs (occupational

therapists / help) people with?

2 A: How long (they / spend)

with each patient?

B: Well, (it / depend) on the patient.

3 How many patients (a therapist /

see) each day?

4 How far (you / have) to travel each

day?

5 How much (an occupational

therapist / earn)?

6 A: Which (person / help) people

with physical injuries: a physiotherapist or an

occupational therapist?

B: They both . But a

physiotherapist (not / help) youto do specific jobs.

GRAMMAR Expressions of frequency

6 Read the sentences in the Grammar box. Answer the

questions (1–3).

Pronunciation Sentence stress

8a 4 Listen and check your answers to Exercise 7.

Are the expressions of frequency stressed or not?

8b Work in pairs. Practise saying the sentences from

Exercise 7 with the correct stress.

9 Look at your answers to Exercise 7 again. Change the

expression of frequency and other words if necessary

so that the sentences are true for you. Use these

expressions of frequency to help you.

always every day most days often

once a week rarely sometimes

three times a year twice a month usually

10 Work in pairs. Discuss your day. Ask and answer the

questions. Use expressions of frequency.

● When do you leave for work / college and get home?

● What regular activities do you find rewarding / fun /

boring / stressful?

● Who do you talk to when you are at work / college?

● How often do you socialize with work colleagues / fellow

students?

I leave the house at 7.00 a.m. and I don’t usually get

home before 7.00 p.m.

SPEAKING Best and worst jobs

11 21st CENTURY OUTCOMES

Work in groups. Look at the list of best and worst jobs.

Discuss the questions.

1 Explain to each other what each person does.

2 Say why you think this is a good or a bad job.

A: A translator translates documents from one language

to another.

B: Why do you think it’s the best job?

A: Well, they probably have a good salary and I imagine

the work is usually interesting.

7 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

1 by 8.00 in the morning / ’m / usually / I / at work

2 rarely / my boss / checks / my work

3 sometimes / he / on the train / works

4 always / my emails / before I send them / check / I

5 don’t / people in my country / late / work / usually

6 on Fridays / wear / casual clothes / people / often

7 tidy / once a month / I / my desk

8 home with me / never / I / take / in the evenings / work

Best jobs Worst jobs

1 Translator Miner

2 Web developer Courier

3 Surgeon Builder’s labourer

4 Lawyer Journalist

5 Vet Sous chef*

6 Pilot Electrician

7Physiotherapist /

Occupational therapistLorry driver

8 Architect Waiter

*A second or assistant chef

2013 survey

BEST AND WORST JOBS

IN THE UK

EXPRESSIONS OF FREQUENCY

Adverbs of frequency

I usually advise them about equipment.

People in these situations often have no confidence.I always try to make them feel more confident.

They are always really grateful.

I rarely get home before 6.30 in the evening.

Adverbial phrases

Most days I visit people in their homes.

I write reports and attend meetings every day .

1 Where do adverbs of frequency ( usually, often, etc.) go

in relation to the main verb?

2 Where do adverbs of frequency go in relation to the

verb be?3 Where do adverbial phrases ( most days, every day, in

the evening ) go in the sentence?

Check your answers on page 140 and do Exercises 3– 5.



14

5 Find these words in the article. Then choose the correct

meaning (a–c).

1 appreciate (line 5)

a think about these differences b welcome these differences

c ignore these differences

2 inspire (line 8)

a pay people well

b make people enthusiastic

c communicate with people

3 collaboration (line 12)

a working together

b working independently

c giving people instructions

4 conflict (line 16)

a people you work with b a difficult decision

c a serious disagreement

5 huge (line 20)

a very big

b big

c unusual

6 stand back from (line 32)

a relax after

b leave

c look at from a distance

VOCABULARY Working life collocations(verb + noun)

6 Find verbs in the article that collocate with these nouns.

a a career

b cultural differences, technology

c a job

d meetings

e on the phone

f a difficult situation, conflict

g , information

h tasks

i fun

7 Complete the conversation with the correct verbs.

Then check your answers with the collocations in

Exercise 6.

A: I know you’re a lawyer. But what do you1 exactly?

B: I work in the music industry. We 2 legal

conflicts about music.

A: Do you meet a lot of pop stars, then?

B: Not really. I sometimes 3 on the phone

to the artists, but I usually4

meetingswith other lawyers.

have

READING Skills for the 21st century

1 Work in pairs. Look at the list of work skills. What do you

think each one means? Discuss with your partner.

1.3 Have you got what it takes?

a Interpersonal skills

b Working independently

c Bilingualism

d Technological knowledge

e Critical thinking

f Teamwork

g Organizational skills

h Management skills

2 Read the article. Answer the questions.

1 Which of the skills in Exercise 1 does the author say are

important?

2 What other skills does the author mention?

3 Read the article again. Choose the correct option (a–c) to

complete the sentences according to the article.

1 People need to understand other groups and other

cultures because:

a it will help them get a better job.

b it is everyone’s personal responsibility to do this.

c everyone in the world is connected today.

2 The article says that 21st century employees want towork for organizations that:

a offer them a good career.

b benefit the community or people in general.

c care about their employees.

3 Good interpersonal skills help you to:

a make progress in your career.

b choose the best way to communicate with people.

c deal with all kinds of people and situations.

4 Thinking critically is important because:

a there is so much information to process.

b technology moves so fast. c a lot of information is visual.

5 The article says that employers in the 21st century

expect their employees to:

a have many different skills and interests.

b relax and have some fun.

c work fast and make good decisions.

4 Do you agree with the ideas in the article? Do you think

the skills for the 21st century are different from the skills

people used at work in the last century? Discuss with

your partner and give reasons.




15

SKILLS for the 21st Century

5

10

15

20

25

30

A THE BIG PICTURE

| ‘We live in a global economy

and we are part of a global community. So people need to

know how different countries and groups relate to each

other. They need to understand cultural differences and to

appreciate these. Everyone has a responsibility to societyand to the environment. So a question that 21st century

employees often ask is: Does my company or organization

help society? Does it inspire me? If the answer is ‘no’,

they look for other work.’

B COMMUNICATION

| ‘In today’s workplace,

interpersonal skills are very important. This is because many

of the jobs we do involve collaboration. So when you attend

meetings, speak to people face-to-face or on the phone, or

communicate with them by email, you need to build good

relations. People are not always easy to work with and

sometimes in your work you have to deal with conflict and

difficult situations.’

C LEARNING

| ‘We get information now in many ways

and these ways are changing constantly. Today’s worker has

to process huge amounts of written and visual information.

So they have to think critically about this information and they

need to understand technology and to choose the best way tocommunicate with it. They also have to be creative and, above

all, they have to want to learn.’

D PRODUCTIVITY

| ‘The 21st century world moves

fast. So you need to be quick and you need to be efficient.

Employers expect this, so employees need to be organized

and they need to be able to prioritize tasks – to distinguish

between what is important and what is not – so they work

more productively. At the same time, companies have to

recognize that work is not everything: people want time to

stand back from their work and they want time to relax and

have fun.’

What are the skills that people need to have in today’s workplace? What does this mean for the careersthat they have? And their lives in general? What does it mean for the companies that employ them? Weasked Imogen Roberts, an expert in 21st century skills. Here is a selection of her answers.

SPEAKING My skills


Think about the work skills in Exercise 1 and the skills

mentioned in the article. Write down:

● four skills that are important to you in your work or studies

● two things that you want or expect from your employer

9 Work in small groups. Compare your lists from Exercise 8.

Do you need similar skills at work or in your studies?

Do you want or expect similar things from your employer?

Why are these skills important in your work or studies?

21st CENTURY OUTCOMES PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT Understanding and reflecting critically on your skill set

A: Is it interesting?

B: It’s very interesting. But there’s a lot of information to5 . The music industry is changing fast and

you have to 6 the new technology and the

different ways that people listen to music now via the

Internet. It’s hard work, but we 7 a lot of

fun too. A: How did you get into it?

B: My first idea was to 8 a career as a

musician, but that didn’t really work out.



16

VOCABULARY Jobs

1 Look at the jobs. Match the jobs with the photos (A–F).

Which words describe someone who is learning a job?

engineer plumbing apprentice

law student sales assistant

medical researcher trainee nurse

1.4 What do you do?

2 5 Listen to how the jobs in Exercise 1 are

pronounced. Then practise saying them with a partner.

LISTENING Asking about jobs

3 6 Listen to a conversation in which Jake is asking

Martha about her job. Answer the questions.

1 What is Martha’s job?

2 What stage of her career is Martha at?

3 Does she like her job?

4 6 Listen to the conversation again. Complete the

questions that Jake asks.

Question

1 Job What ?

2 Company / Organization Who ?

3 Location based?

4 Job description involve?

5 Size of organization Is then?

6 Type of contract What ?

7 Like / Dislike Do ?

5 Complete Martha’s answers to the questions in

Exercise 4. Compare your answers with your partner.

Pronunciation Intonation in questions

6a 7 Listen to the questions in Exercise 4. Noticehow the intonation rises ( ➚ ) or falls ( ➘ ) at the end of the

question. What rule can you make?

6b Work in pairs. Act out the conversation between

Martha and Jake. Pay attention to your intonation in

the questions.

SPEAKING Talking about jobs and studies

7 Make notes about your job or studies. Then ask your

partner about their job or studies and complete the table.

Use the questions in Exercise 4 and the expressions from

the Useful language box on page 17 to help you.

My partner

1 Job / Studies

2 Company / Institution

3 Location

4 Job / Course description

5 Size of organization /

institution

6 Type of contract / course

7 Like / Dislike

A B

C D

E F




17

WRITING A formal letter

8 Work in pairs. Read the advertisement. Imagine you are

going to apply for this job. What questions do you have

about it? What information is missing?

WANTED

SPORTS EQUIPMEN T

DEMONSTRATORS

We are looking for enthusiastic and fit people

to tour schools with us in the UK and

demonstrate our range of indoor and outdoor

sports equipment.

Temporary position – South-east area – Good rates of pay

9 Read the letter. Does the writer have the same questions

about the job as you?

Dear Sir / Madam,

I saw your advertisement for Sports Equipment

Demonstrators in the Daily Record and I am interested

in applying. However, before I make my application I

need to check two important points.

1 The advertisement says the job is based in theSouth-east, but it does not give the exact location.

Can you tell me where it is?

2 It also says that this is a temporary position, but it

does not specify the length of the contract. I’d like

to know how long the contract lasts and if there is

a possibility of extending the contract at the end

of this period.

I look forward to hearing from you.

Yours faithfully,

Stefan Krantz

10 Read the letter again. Put the functions (a–d) in the order

they appear in the letter.

a Explain to the reader what you want to happen next

b Refer to the job advertised

c Describe the information you need

dExplain the reason for writing

Writing skill Indirect questions

11a Look at the indirect questions from the letter in

Exercise 9. Complete the direct question.

1 Can you tell me where it is?

Where ?

2 I’d like to know how long the contract lasts.

How long ?

3 I’d like to know if there is a possibility of extending

the contract at the end of this period.

of extending the contract?

See page 140 for more information about indirect questions,

and do Exercise 6.

11b Rewrite the direct questions as more polite indirect

questions.

1 ‘What kind of work is it?’

Can you tell me ?

2 ‘Where are you based?’

Could you tell me ?

3 ‘Is it a big company?’

Can you tell me ?4 ‘What does the work involve?’

I’d like to know .

5 ‘How long does the interview usually take?’

Do you know ?

6 ‘How often do buses go to the business park?’

Can you tell me ?


Read the job advertisement. Write a letter asking for more

information. Ask two indirect questions.

FILM EXTRAS

We are looking for people to be part of a new film

we are shooting later this year. This will be one or

two weeks’ work. No acting experience necessary.

Apply to the Assistant Casting Director, Harvard Studios

13 Work in pairs. Exchange letters. Check that your partner’s

letter includes these points:

● a reference to the advertisement

● the reason for writing ● two indirect questions about the job

● what the reader should do next

21st CENTURY OUTCOMES LIFE AND CAREER SKILLS Enquiring about a job

TALKING ABOUT JOBS AND STUDIES

I’m a … / I work as a … / I study ...

I … and I have to …

I work for …

I study at ...

I’m / The company is based in …

It’s a temporary / permanent / part-time / full-time contract.

It’s a part-time / full-time / three-year course.

It’s great. / It’s not very interesting. / It’s hard work.

Documents

Keynote Intermediate Unit1