Key challenges and future role of Distribution Network

Catania, 23 November 2018

Christian D’Adamo

Head Network Development Italy

e-distribuzione

1.140.000 km Network

700.000Prosumers

15.700People

440.000MV/LV Substations

32 MillionCustomers

2.100HV/MV Substation

227 TWh energy distributed

85% of Country’s distributed energy

10 million of remote operations/year

500 million of automatic readings/year

30.000 CO2 tons avoided

e-distribuzioneKey figures - 2017

Quality of Service

SAIDI and SAIFI+MAIFI Target 2023

Grid Resilience

Reduction of risk levels vs. extreme

weather events

3 years Resilience Plan issued

Open meter

Network digitalization

Demand Side Management

Resilience

Quality of service Digitalization

Smart Grids

Reliability

Innovation

SAIDI

RES and energy efficiency

55% electricity from RES

Investments on network flexibility

Scenario

4

Quality of Serviceand Resilience

Route to quality excellence

5

System Average Interruption Duration Index (min/year per LV Customer)

A global benchmark

Quality of Service

128

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

SAIDI (min/customer)

2001 2008 2016

50

Smart Metering

Network automation

Smart meter Network automation

Work force management

IT integration

Work Force Management

+ 70% Quality of Service

- 35% Opex37

A new operating contextClimate change impact on network infrastructures

Increasing influence of extreme weather events on network infrastructures

Impact on power networks

Evolution of climate hazard damages to critical infrastructures in the EU, JRC

Impact of weather events (Bln€/year)

0

10

20

30

40

50

oggi 2020 2050 2080

ondate di calore

freddo e vento

alluvioni

heat waves

snow/wind

flooding

today

Mathematical

Models

A

D

C

B

Impact on the service

Extreme weather

events

Weather Database

Network resilienceRisk evaluation methodology

Risk based investment allocation in Resilience Plan

Outage Risk Index

IOR = P x D

Network resilience

8

Technical solutions

Remote controlNetwork structure

Outage Risk Index

IOR = P x DP = probability of outage at substation(1/TR)

D= damage (number of affected customers= NAC)

Network reinforcement

«D»

Reduction

«P»

Reduction

Fast fault selection

Faster logistics

Meshed structure

Backup lines

Overhead cables

Structural level

9

RES Integration

RES IntegrationLoad duration and RES connections

Maximum power on

e-distribuzione network:

34 GW

Minimum power on

e-distribuzione network:

3,4 GW

Fonte Terna

55

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

60

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

[hours x 1.000]

[GW]

TOTALE ITALIA:

curva di durata 2017

56,6 GW

19,1 GW

Italy load

duration curve

year 2017

2,3 GW; 8%

2,5 GW; 10%

17,5 GW; 68%

1,2 GW; 5%

4,6 GW; 17%

25,8 GW; 92%

Power connected to e-distribuzione network – Year 2017

Non RES Biomass / biogas

PV Hydro

Wind

High flexibility of distribution network and RES integration

RES IntegrationConnections

0

2.000

4.000

6.000

8.000

10.000

12.000

Power connected [MW] – Annual data

LV MV HV

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

Power connected [MW] – Cumulative data

LV MV HV

9% 7%

17%11%

25%18%

31%

23%

32%

24%31%

23%

31%

23%

31%

23%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

Reverse energy flow ≥1% (≥7 hours/mouth)

Reverse energy flow ≥5% (≥36 hours/mouth)

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

35.000

00.0

0

01.0

0

02.0

0

03.0

0

04.0

0

05.0

0

06.0

0

07.0

0

08.0

0

09.0

0

10.0

0

11.0

0

12.0

0

13.0

0

14.0

0

15.0

0

16.0

0

17.0

0

18.0

0

19.0

0

20.0

0

21.0

0

22.0

0

23.0

0

[MW] 31/08/2010

29/08/2011

27/08/2012

26/08/2013

25/08/2014

24/08/2015

22/08/2016

21/08/2017

- 49%

28 GW of RES connected on distribution network

AT/MT trafo in reverse power flow

Net load requested by distribution network

“Ginosa” - Puglia

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

200

0.0

0

01

.00

02

.00

03

.00

04

.00

05

.00

06

.00

07

.00

08

.00

09

.00

10

.00

11

.00

12

.00

13

.00

14

.00

15

.00

16

.00

17

.00

18

.00

19

.00

20

.00

21

.00

22

.00

23

.00

MW - Lunedì, 30 Agosto 2010

MW - Lunedì, 29 Agosto 2011

MW - Lunedì, 27 Agosto 2012

hour

MW

August, 30th 2010

August, 29th 2011

August, 27th 2012

The substation is equivalent to

a Power Plant… …fuelled by renewables(e.g. clouds effect on DG output)

12

RES IntegrationHV/MV substation with RES – reverse power flow

Increased flexibility of network plants

How to deal with this without jeopardizing system’s security

13

Monitoring

• enhanced RES remote control capabilities

• automatic optimal network configuration

• real-time data exchange with RES and TSO

Planning

• renewable DG modeling and prediction

• probabilistic vs. deterministic approach

• Demand Response

Dispatching

• from fit-and-forget to smart integration of RES

• local activation of RES (e.g. voltage regulation and congestions management)

• ancillary services provisioning

DSO-TSO interoperabilityRegulation and innovation

• 28 GW of Distributed Generation, mainly RES, are today connected to MV and LV networks

• This capacity will double to meet EU targets (55%-62% generation from RES by 2030)

• The Distribution Network will be a strategic asset to change the paradigm of energy consumption (renewables,

prosumers, electric vehicle, demand response, etc)

• The DSO must supervise and coordinate the activation of distributed resources connected on its network

in order to provide safe, secure and reliable energy to all customers

• Moreover, EU and local policies foresee the possibility for DSO to buy “local flexibility services” from

Aggregators, BSPs and Distributed Resources (load, prosumers, distributed generators, etc)

• Data exchange and cooperation between DSO and TSO must be transparent and open, with respect to

reciprocal roles and responsibilities

15

Active Demand

Electric Vehicles forecast (million)

0

2

4

6

2016 2017 2020 2025 2030

Demand increase and electric mobility impact

Scenarios description document – Terna 2018

Distributed energy (TWh)

SEN forecast

314 320323

343

360

2016 2017 2020 2025 2030

New market scenarios

Open protocol for meter informations access

Support to dynamic prices based market models

Availability of daily load curves

Enabling new value-added services

Support to advanced network management

Second generation Digital Meter4,1 Billion investment in 2017-24

Open technology for Active Demand

Future role of distribution networkResilient platform for a smarter world

Renewables Integration• RES Dispatching

• Monitoring and Remote control

• Ancillary Services for TOTEX

Secondary substation

as data hub• Sensors network

• IoT Hub

• Multi-metering

Electric Mobility• Vehicle-to-Grid

• Fast-Charge

• Distributed Storage

Active Demand• Flexibility management

• Demand Response

• Smart Grid management

2G Electronic Meter• Enabling new value-added services,

open protocol

• 15 minutes daily load curves

• advanced network management

Optical Fiber• Improved TLC performance

• Advanced Automation (IoT, Smart Fault Selection)

Resilience• Probabilistic analysis of network risk

• Impact evaluation of extreme events

• response capacity in emergency

conditions

Resilient platform for a smarter world

19

Thank you