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Taking Tourism Back to its Roots Business & Marketing Plan Fall 2012

JungleAdventureBusinessMarketingPlanFall2012 · 1! Executive!Summary! Jungle!Adventures!by!Kalu!Yala!was!founded!by!five!Kalu!Yala!business!interns!in!the!fallof2012.!! The!company!facilitates!threeFday!jungle

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Page 1: JungleAdventureBusinessMarketingPlanFall2012 · 1! Executive!Summary! Jungle!Adventures!by!Kalu!Yala!was!founded!by!five!Kalu!Yala!business!interns!in!the!fallof2012.!! The!company!facilitates!threeFday!jungle

 

 Taking  Tourism  Back  to  its  Roots  

           

Business  &  Marketing  Plan    

Fall  2012                                  

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Table  of  Contents    

Business  Plan     Executive  Summary  

Objectives         Mission  Statement  

Keys  to  Success  Company  Summary  Internal  Environment  Management  Summary  

  Facilities     Budget  Overview     External  Environment     Market  Analysis  Summary     Market  /  Client  Research     Competitors  

Evidence  of  Customer  Demand  Economic  Environment  Social  /  Cultural  Environment  Natural  Environment  Legal  /  Regulatory  Environment  Financial  Planning  and  Forecasts  SWOT  Analysis  Issues  Analysis    

Marketing  Plan     Target  Market     Objectives     Unique  Selling  Point     Marketing  Strategy       Pricing  Strategy       Distribution  Strategy     Integrated  Marketing  Communications  (IMC)       Advertising       Sales  Promotion       Personal  Selling       Sponsorship  Strategies     Implementation  of  Marketing  Strategy       September       October       November       Post  Internship     Marketing  Controls  

   

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Executive  Summary    Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  was  founded  by  five  Kalu  Yala  business  interns  in  the  fall  of  2012.    The  company  facilitates  three-­‐day  jungle  excursions  for  backpackers  into  the  Panamanian  highlands.    This  escape  gives  travelers  the  opportunity  to  immerse  themselves  into  an  off-­‐the-­‐grid  lifestyle,  where  they  can  test  their  limits  by  participating  in  experiential  outdoor  activities  and  sustainable  practices  in  an  authentic  setting.    Presently,  the  tourism  product  is  in  the  introductory  stage.    It  was  formed  under  the  Kalu  Yala  company’s  umbrella  and  given  a  budget  of  $1000  for  startup  costs.    Being  able  to  use  Kalu  Yala’s  resources  provide  Jungle  Adventures  with  a  great  strength,  enabling  it  to  function  and  get  started  with  such  a  minimal  budget.    The  backpacker  community  is  the  company’s  primary  target  market;  being  based  in  Panama  City  allows  us  to  capture  those  travelers  at  the  beginning  of  their  journey  who  are  spending  a  few  days  in  the  city  before  moving  on.    The  company  competes  primarily  on  being  one  of  the  few  jungle  excursions  within  such  close  proximity  to  Panama  City,  the  budget  pricing  of  the  tourism  product,  and  the  company’s  ability  to  satisfy  the  wants  and  needs  of  the  backpacker  market.    Future  plans  include  expanding  into  different  markets,  including,  mid-­‐range  and  high-­‐end  luxury  tours  that  are  targeted  to  those  looking  for  a  more  convenient  experience.    We  would  hope  to  see  this  expansion  within  the  next  3-­‐5  years.    As  Kalu  Yala  builds  and  the  community  continues  to  develop,  Jungle  Adventures  will  also  be  able  to  expand  and  move  into  these  greater  markets.    Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  competes  directly  with  a  range  of  different  competitors  from  lodging  establishments  to  tour  operators  and  outright  destinations.  Many  of  these  competitors  offer  ecotourism  experiences,  but  at  prices  outside  the  range  that  the  backpacker  market  traditionally  spends.    With  the  access  to  a  large  valley,  over  time,  this  will  become  a  thriving  community  where  there  will  be  an  abundance  of  adventure  activities,  which  will  set  us  apart  from  our  competitors.    Jungle  Adventures  is  in  a  unique  position  to  offer  a  jungle  experience  complete  with  exciting  activities,  an  authentic  social  scene  and  lodging  at  a  rate  acceptable  to  the  backpacker  market.      Strong  management  and  a  solid  team  with  industry  experience  will  ensure  sustainable  growth  and  a  quality  tourism  product.    With  this  experience  and  some  financing  and  investments,  it  will  help  advance  the  company  in  the  direction  of  entering  new  markets  and  becoming  a  premier  facilitator  of  immersive  outdoor  experiences  in  Panama.          

       

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Business  Plan  Objectives  Short  Term:    To  effectively  market  and  produce  two  successful  three-­‐day  trial  excursions  into  the  Valley  of  the  Los  Tres  Brazos,  each  with  six  to  eight  backpackers,  by  December,  2012.    Medium  Term:    To  organize  and  execute  three  to  four  excursions  monthly.  To  establish  a  strong      business  presence  in  Panama  City  by  creating  great  working  relationships  with  hostels,    restaurants,  and  other  tourism-­‐related  entities;  while  fostering  positive  community  relationships  in  San  Miguel,  which  Kalu  Yala  has  worked  hard  to  achieve  and  maintain.    This  will  take  place  over  the  course  of  the  next  year,  ending  January  2014.    Long  Term:    To  continuously  improve  and  expand  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  within  the  constantly  evolving  entity  of  Kalu  Yala.  The  ultimate  goal  for  this  product  is  to  facilitate  the  use  of  other  small  Kalu  Yala  businesses  in  order  to  provide  a  greater  number  of  activities  available  to  our  customers,  while  frequently  completing  successful  backpacking  excursions  into  the  Los  Tres  Brazos  Valley.  This  will  also  include  creating  and  maintaining  relationships  within  Panama  City,  San  Miguel  and  the  future  community  of  Kalu  Yala.      Vision    To  be  the  premier  facilitator  of  immersive  outdoor  experiences  in  Panama.    Providing  short  getaways  for  our  tourists  coming  from  far  and  wide,  tailored  to  those  traveling  on  a  budget  as  well  as  those  seeking  a  more  luxurious  escape.      Our  excursions  are  designed  to  offer  a  wide  range  of  outdoor  experiences,  whether  one  is  looking  for  a  more  relaxing  nature  experience  or  a  high-­‐energy  adventure  package.    Come  enjoy  the  rivers,  mountains  and  beauty  of  the  tropics,  whilst  among  the  enticing  culture  and  community  of  Kalu  Yala.    Mission    Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  gives  travelers  the  opportunity  to  immerse  themselves  into  an  off-­‐the-­‐grid  lifestyle,  where  they  can  test  their  limits  by  participating  in  experiential  outdoor  activities  and  sustainable  practices  in  the  raw  Panamanian  highlands.  

   Keys  to  Success  

● Effectively  Target  Market  ● Employ  Top  Notch  Customer  Service  ● Provide  Reliable  Transportation  ● Offer  Quality  Activities  and  Products  ● Maintain  and  Expand  Sustainable  Practices  ● Increase  Focus  on  Cultural  Activities  ● Adapt  to  Market  Changes  and  Kalu  Yala’s  Evolution    ● Develop  and  Evaluate  Feedback  Loops    ● Deliver  an  Enjoyable  Jungle  Excursion  

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 Company  Summary  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  is  a  sustainable  tourism  company  seeking  to  provide  the  best  jungle  adventure  that  Panama  has  to  offer  for  backpackers,  outdoor  enthusiasts  and  inspiration-­‐seeking  individuals.  We  are  focused  on  sustainable  practices,  quality  services,  stimulating  adventures  and  authentic  experience  with  unforgettable  memories.    

Internal  Environment  Service  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  maintains  a  high  quality  of  service  throughout  the  entire  tour  process.  Employees  will  be  recruited  throughout  the  hospitality  and  tourism  industry;  bringing  professionalism  and  industry  knowledge  to  our  team.        We  provide  travelers  with  an  enjoyable  three-­‐day  jungle  excursion.    It  begins  with  reliable  transportation  from  Panama  City  to  the  San  Miguel  trailhead  followed  by  a  challenging  hike  into  Kalu  Yala’s  jungle  base  camp  accompanied  by  our  knowledgeable  staff.  Once  there,  we  offer  guests  an  assortment  of  outdoor  adventures  and  activities  carefully  planned  and  administered  by  Kalu  Yala  Directors  and  our  staff.      In  order  to  align  with  the  overall  goals  of  Kalu  Yala,  our  staff  will  keep  sustainability  in  mind  throughout  our  business  and  marketing  practices  to  reduce  our  environmental  footprint.        Management  Summary    Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  is  currently  operated  by  Kalu  Yala  Internships.    This  company  has  been  created  and  launched  by  the  five  interns  mentioned  below;  presently,  they  are  responsible  for  the  logistics  and  operations  of  the  tour  company.      

 Lynette  Andrews:  After  completing  her  undergraduate  degree  at  the  College  of  Charleston,  Lynette  spent  4  years  working  in  a  sales  role  for  the  tour  operating  company,  EF  Education.    She  is  currently  pursuing  her  Masters  in  Tourism  Administration  from  the  George  Washington  University.    Lynette’s  past  experience  and  current  academic  endeavors  have  helped  prepare  her  for  this  venture.    Nathan  Hingtgen:  After  receiving  his  undergraduate  degree  from  the  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Wilmington,  Nathan  has  gone  on  to  pursue  his  Masters  in  Sustainable  Tourism  from  East  Carolina  University.    Panama  is  the  perfect  place  for  Nathan  as  he  is  able  to  perfect  his  Spanish  while  pursuing  his  passion  for  tourism.    Alix  Tingle:  Alix  was  raised  in  Montana  and  graduated  from  the  University  of  Montana  with  degrees  in  International  Business  and  Marketing.    Wanting  to  pursue  a  career  in  business,  she  is  determined  to  let  her  passions  be  her  guide  so  that  she  may  have  the  most  rewarding  job  possible.    She  loves  to  travel  and  has  always  had  the  desire  to  spend  some  time  in  Panama,  so  when  the  opportunity  

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presented  itself,  she  made  her  way  down  here.    Alix  is  thrilled  to  intern  at  Kalu  Yala  with  such  inspiring  people  and  be  a  part  of  something  creative,  exciting,  and  sustainable.  

 Lara  Willis:  Hailing  from  England,  Lara  received  her  Bachelors  of  Science  Degree  from  the  University  of  the  West  of  England  where  she  majored  in  Business  in  Property.    Lara  has  always  loved  to  travel  and  prior  to  commencing  her  undergraduate  degree  she  spent  time  backpacking  around  Australasia.    Since  then,  she  has  caught  the  travel  bug  and  could  not  wait  for  a  new  adventure  to  start.  Lara’s  love  of  travel  brought  her  to  Panama  where  she  was  excited  to  help  bring  more  backpackers  to  Panama  and  into  the  Kalu  Yala  Valley  through  this  company.  

 Haley  Winslow:  Haley  received  her  Bachelors  of  Science  Degree  in  Hospitality  Management  with  a  Concentration  in  Conventions  and  Special  Events  from  East  Carolina  University.    Here,  she  also  received  her  Minor  in  Business  Administration.    After  graduation,  Haley  decided  to  pursue  her  education  further,  and  is  currently  working  on  her  Masters  of  Science  in  Sustainable  Tourism  at  East  Carolina  University.  Haley  has  worked  throughout  the  hospitality  and  tourism  industry  since  the  age  of  fifteen,  including  an  assortment  of  restaurants,  a  country  club,  and  Walt  Disney  World.  Haley’s  desire  to  travel  and  interest  in  the  tourism  arena  has  led  Haley  to  Panama  where  she  is  currently  working  as  a  Business  Intern  for  Kalu  Yala.      The  combination  of  the  Jungle  Adventures  staff’s  educational  backgrounds,  career  ambitions  and  passion  for  tourism  has  made  them  the  ideal  management  team  for  this  undertaking.  After  the  development  and  launch  of  this  company  in  late  October,  the  select  group  of  individuals  will  be  relieved  from  their  roles  and  will  pass  the  company  on  to  a  pre-­‐selected  tourism  professional  within  the  Kalu  Yala  family.            It  is  our  aim  to  have  a  full-­‐time  staff  member  who  will  be  in  charge  of  all  daily  activities  as  well  as  management  of  the  intern  team.    The  manager  and  intern  team  would  be  responsible  for  the  organization  and  execution  of  the  tours.  This  includes  all  marketing  efforts  comprising  of  updating  social  media  outlets  and  the  website,  outreach  and  recruitment  from  hostels  within  Panama  City,  as  well  as  other  tourist  hotspots  in  Panama;  continuous  relationship  building  with  local  business  owners  within  our  market,  and  maintaining  any  other  forms  of  marketing  outlets.    Daily  duties  consist  of  answering  phones,  responding  to  emails,  booking  tours,  managing  finances,  and  ensuring  that  welcome  packets  and  transportation  information  is  sent  to  registered  guests.    The  company  manager  would  ideally  have  a  passion  for  travel  and  tourism  and  professional  background  in  project  management  and  sales.  

 Facilities    Since  Jungle  Adventures  is  the  first  business  launched  under  the  Kalu  Yala  umbrella,  the  parent  company  (Kalu  Yala)  supports  Jungle  Adventures  by  allowing  the  use  of  their  facilities.  As  companies  succeed  under  the  Kalu  Yala  umbrella,  the  value  of  Kalu  Yala’s  land  and  the  likelihood  of  additional  business  start-­‐ups  will  increase.  Kalu  Yala’s  goal  is  to  establish  a  strong  entrepreneurial  climate  and  culture,  thus  the  lending  of  their  facilities  to  Jungle  Adventures  reflects  this  mindset.  

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 As  of  October  2012,  these  facilities  include  office  space  within  Casa  Yala  (Panama  City)  to  conduct  all  daily  operations,  use  of  Casa  Llena  in  San  Miguel  as  a  storage  and  meeting  point  for  our  tours,  in  addition,  we  have  full  access  of  the  base  camp  and  land  in  the  Kalu  Yala  valley.  As  this  company  grows  and  becomes  more  independent,  the  goal  will  be  to  acquire  our  own  facilities.    This  includes,  but  is  not  limited  to:  a  rancho  in  the  valley,  a  van,  and  office  space.    Budget  Overview  Since  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  began  under  the  Kalu  Yala  umbrella,  we  have  been  able  to  develop  our  business  on  a  very  minimalist  approach.  The  resources  provided  to  us  by  Kalu  Yala  have  enabled  us  to  keep  costs  very  low.    Jungle  Adventures  has  been  created  up  to  this  point  using  the  $1,000  allotted  budget  that  Kalu  Yala  Internships  has  dedicated  to  the  business  program  for  the  Fall  2012  semester.    In  order  to  expand  this  business  venture,  investment  from  outside  Kalu  Yala  Internships  will  be  required.  With  additional  capital,  Jungle  Adventures  will  not  only  be  able  to  capture  a  larger  share  of  the  backpacker  market  but  will  also  have  the  opportunity  to  expand  into  other  markets  such  as    mid-­‐range  and  higher-­‐end  tourism  markets.            For  a  more  detailed  look  into  Jungle  Adventures’  budget  and  forecasting  projections  please  see  shared  Google  Document  entitled  Jungle  Adventures  Forecasting  Fall  2012.    

External  Environment      

Market  Analysis  Summary  Market  /  Client  Research  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala’s  current  target  market  is  backpackers.    The  following  content  has  been  provided  to  explain  our  reasoning  for  why  we  chose  this  niche  market.        According  to  the  Backpacker  Operators  Association  of  New  South  Wales,  backpackers  spend  more,  travel  further  and  stay  longer  than  any  other  travelers.    The  typical  backpacker  is  young  (18-­‐35),  educated,  adventurous  and  price  conscious.    According  to  the  book  Backpacker  Tourism  Concepts  and  Profiles,  backpackers  can  be  characterized  by  five  distinct  indicators.    These  include:    

1.              A  preference  for  budget  accommodations  2.              An  emphasis  on  meeting  other  travelers  3.              An  independently  organized  and  flexible  travel  schedule  4.              Longer  rather  than  very  brief  holidays  5.              An  emphasis  on  informal  and  participatory  holiday  activities    (Pearce,  1990)  

 A  Preference  for  Budget  Accommodation:    Backpackers  use  a  variety  of  lodging  options  throughout  their  travels.    Backpacker  accommodations  can  be  classified  as  properties  that  offer  a  low  cost  range  of  sleeping  arrangements.    These  could  include  dormitories,  private  rooms,  a  communal  room  or  set  of  rooms  (family  rooms),  and  a  self-­‐catering  facility.    They  enjoy  having  a  space  that  facilitates  

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guest  interactions  such  as  communal  living  rooms  and  kitchens.    The  majority  of  backpackers  prefer  to  spend  as  little  as  possible  for  their  accommodations,  while  also  feeling  a  sense  of  value  for  their  money.  Therefore,  sometimes  backpackers  choose  accommodations  that  are  not  always  the  cheapest  option.    Backpackers  spend  most  of  their  traveling  funds  on  activities  instead  of  food  and  lodging.  

 Budget  travelers  will  generally  seek  accommodations  in  the  center  of  a  city  or  town  that  are  in  close  proximity  to  a  destination’s  sites  and  attractions.    Although  these  travelers  may  prefer  the  busy  city  centers,  they  are  also  attracted  to  accommodations  that  are  in  remote  and  picturesque  locations  that  offer  an  alternative  tourist  experience.    The  hardest  part  about  getting  backpackers  to  these  remote  locations  is  having  adequate  transportation.    Unless  private  transportation  is  provided  to  these  locations,  public  transport  needs  to  be  available.      Price  Sensitive  Market:    In  2007,  data  from  Tourism  Australia  showed  that  the  average  expenditure  of  the  backpacking  market  was  more  than  double  that  of  non-­‐backpackers.  Average  expenditure  per  backpacker  was    $5400  AUS  compared  to  $2300  AUS  per  non-­‐backpackers.  Although  backpacker’s  budgets  are  typically  less  per  day  (between  $30  -­‐  $50),  they  typically  stay  in  the  country  for  a  greater  amount  of  time  than  other  international  visitors.      Backpacker  visits  average  71  nights  compared  to  25  nights  for  non-­‐backpackers  (Tourism  Research  Australia,  2008).  Tourism  Australia  identified  this  market  by  defining  a  backpacker  as  anyone  staying  in  a  backpacker  accommodation  (hostel)  for  one  or  more  nights.        Crave  Interactions  with  Fellow  Travelers  and  Locals:  Socialization  is  a  primary  motive  for  backpackers.  They  are  always  ready  and  eager  to  socialize  with  both  travelers  and  locals.    Meeting  other  travelers  is  typically  a  great  way  to  exchange  information  regarding  traveling  tips.    Most  backpackers  trust  one  another’s  opinions  about  the  activities  and  places  that  are  worth  visiting.    They  crave  authentic  travel  experiences  and  seek  out  experiences  that  facilitate  the  interaction  with  locals.  

   Flexible  Itinerary:    Most  backpackers  arrive  at  their  destination  with  flexible  itineraries  and  few  reservations.    Although  backpackers  may  have  an  idea  about  where  they  want  to  go  while  visiting  a  country,  they  tend  to  change  their  schedules  to  include  other  destinations  that  sound  fun,  interesting  or  are  recommended  by  other  backpackers.        

 Adventure  Hunters:    Backpackers  pay  special  attention  to  adventure  tours  and  attractions  that  require  active  participation.    This  market  seeks  authentic  adventures  that  include  the  local  culture,  population,  and  environment,  therefore,  they  seek  activities  that  are  not  included  in  the  traditional  mass  tourism  circuit.    

 Working  Backpackers:    A  large  portion  of  backpackers  are  willing  to  work  casually  during  their  trip.  They  do  this  to  either  supplement  their  funds  or  to  extend  their  trip.      

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Backpackers  Benefit  to  the  Panamanian  Economy  Backpacker  expenditures  generate  substantial  employment  for  Panama.    Although  backpackers  may  have  limited  funds,  they  typically  will  spend  every  dollar  saved  while  traveling  abroad,  which  is  why  some  choose  to  work  while  traveling  abroad.    They  benefit  the  economy  because  their  visit  creates  and  supports  jobs  throughout  the  hospitality  and  tourism  industry  as  well  as  other  businesses  along  the  supply  chain  such    as  food  and  beverage,  and  transportation.    As  well  as  influencing  a  multitude  of  businesses,  backpackers  also  spread  jobs  and  revenues  throughout  different  regions  of  Panama.    This  is  possible  because  backpackers  are  in  the  country  for  an  extended  period  of  time  traveling  to  different  regions  of  the  country  thus  spreading  their  funds  more  widely  than  other  international  tourists.        According  to  the  book  Backpacker  Tourism  Concepts  and  Profiles,  backpacker  tourism  has  been  characterized  as  “good”  tourism,  in  comparison  to  mass-­‐market  packaged  tourism,  often  characterized  as  “bad”  tourism(Kevin  Hannam,  Irena  Ateljevic,  2008).  This  is  among  the  reasons  as  to  why  we  as  a  sustainable  tour  company  have  chosen  this  market  segment.    

 Table  1:  How  Backpackers  Can  Facilitate  Local  Development  

Economic  Development  Criteria   Non-­‐Economic  Development  Criteria  

·  Spend  more  money  than  other  tourists  because  of  longer  duration  of  visit  

·  Enterprises  catering  for  backpackers  are  generally  small  and  thus  ownership  and  control  can  be  retained  locally  

·  Adventuresome  nature  and  longer  duration  of  visit  means  money  spent  is  spread  over  a  wider  geographical  area,  including  remote,  economically  depressed,  or  isolated  regions  

·  Local  people  gain  self-­‐fulfillment  through  running  their  own  tourism  enterprises  rather  than  filling  smaller  positions  in  enterprises  run  by  outside  operators  

·  Do  not  demand  luxury  and  therefore  will  spend  more  on  locally  produced  goods  (such  as  food)  and  services  (transport,  homestay  accommodation)  

·  Because  they  operate  their  own  businesses,  local  people  can  form  organizations  which  promote  local  tourism,  giving  the  community  power  in  upholding  their  interests  and  negotiating  with  outside  bodies  

·  Economic  benefits  can  be  spread  widely  within  communities  as  even  individuals  with  little  capital  or  training  can  provide  desired  services  or  products.  Formal  qualifications  are  not  needed  to  run  small  enterprises;  skills  can  be  learned  on  the  job  

·  The  interest  of  backpackers  in  meeting  and  learning  from  local  people  can  lead  to  a  revitalization  of  traditional  culture,  respect  for  the  knowledge  of  elders,  and  pride  in  traditional  aspects  of  one's  culture  

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·  Only  basic  infrastructure  is  required  therefore  ensuring  low  overhead  costs  and  minimizing  the  need  for  imported  goods  (such  as  can  use  bamboo  and  thatch  to  create  a  beach  stall)  

·  Backpackers  use  fewer  resources  (like  cold  showers  and  fans  rather  than  hot  baths  and  air  conditioning),  therefore  are  kinder  to  the  environment  

·  Significant  multiplier  effects  from  drawing  on  local  skills  and  resources  

·  Local  servicing  of  the  tourism  market  challenges  foreign  domination  of  tourism  enterprises  

*  (Regina  Scheyvens,  2002)  Annals  of  Tourism  Research  Volume  29,  Issue  1,  January  2002,  Pages  144-­‐164  :  Backpacker  Tourism  and  Third  World  Development        The  information  above  has  been  provided  to  show  that  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  has  considered  the  country  of  Panama  in  our  guiding  decision  to  target  the  backpacker  market.    Without  the  support  and  considerations  of  the  country,  we  would  not  and  could  not  consider  ourselves  a  sustainable  company.        Market  Analysis  Keeping  in  mind  pricing  considerations,  the  need  for  social  interactions,  and  tour  flexibility,  it  is  clear  that  the  niche  market  of  backpackers  is  the  ideal  target  market  for  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala.    Our  trip  fulfills  all  of  the  preceding  criteria  while  giving  backpackers  the  opportunity  to  experience  the  Panamanian  jungle  highlands  in  a  unique  and  exciting  way.        Jungle  Adventures  currently  charges  $25-­‐$30  per  person  a  day  for  transportation,  lodging  and  food.    This  pricing  structure  falls  within  the  approximate  daily  budget  for  backpackers.        Jungle  Adventures’  tour  is  also  ideal  for  the  backpacker  market  because  it  creates  a  way  for  these  backpackers  to  meet  other  travelers,  Kalu  Yala  director  and  interns.    Interns  living  in  the  Kalu  Yala  valley  are  from  various  countries  and  help  to  contribute  to  the  culture  of  the  Kalu  Yala  base  camp.    We  provide  a  scene  for  backpackers  who  are  eager  to  socialize  and  interact  with  other  travelers  and  locals  in  an  authentic  setting.      Flexibility  is  key  to  catering  to  the  backpacker  market.    Currently  our  tours  are  run  on  a  sporadic  basis,  but  it  is  our  aim  for  the  near  future  is  to  increase  the  numbers  of  tours  run  to  at  least  once  a  week.  These  tours  are  also  set  up  to  give  our  guests  the  option  of  choosing  between  a  list  of  predetermined  activities  so  that  all  guest’s  itineraries  are  catered  toward  their  particular  interests.      Backpackers  are  also  appropriate  for  our  adventure  company’s  tour  due  to  a  desire  for  out-­‐of-­‐the-­‐box,  small-­‐scale  tourism  experiences.    Our  tour  gives  backpackers  the  opportunity  to  stay  in  the  Panamanian  highlands  the  way  the  local  campesinos  do,  creating  the  sensation  of  an  authentic  day  in  the  life  of  a  local.          Site  Visits  

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As  a  part  of  the  market  analysis,  the  Kalu  Yala  Jungle  Adventures  staff  visited  six  hostels  within  Panama  City.    After  doing  online  research  on  all  hostels  in  the  Panama  City  area,  these  hostels  were  chosen  due  to  location,  pricing,  and  popularity.    During  the  site  visits,  the  visiting  Kalu  Yala  staff  determined  cleanliness,  customer  service  of  hostel  staff,  occupancy  and  analyzed  the  potential  marketing  opportunities  within  the  hostels.    It  was  determined  that  the  6  hostels:  Luna’s  Castle,  Panamericana,  Hospedaje  Casco  Viejo,  Hostel  Urraca,  Mamallena  Backpackers  and  Hostal  Villa  Vento  Surf  would  be  the  six  hostels  to  which  Kalu  Yala  Jungle  Adventures  would  begin  their  marketing  efforts.      Please  refer  to  shared  Google  Document  entitled  Jungle  Adventures  Hostel  Research  Fall  2012  for  a  comprehensive  report  of  the  information  gathered  during  the  site  visits.    Competition      A  search  through  the  most  recent  Lonely  Planet  guide  in  addition  to  several  Google  searches  provided  a  significant  list  of  competing  products.  This  section  will  detail  lodging-­‐based  competitors,  competing  tour  operators,  and  competing  destinations.  By  no  means  is  this  an  exhaustive  list  but  it  does  provide  a  sample  and  a  good  representation  of  the  products  that  Jungle  Adventures  is  competing  against.  The  competition  discussed  here  has  a  focus  on  ecotourism  and  are  located  in  many  different  geographic  areas  of  Panama.        Lodging-­‐Based  Establishments      The  establishments  discussed  here  (see  Google  Spreadsheet:  Jungle  Adventures  Competition  Fall  2012,  “Lodging”  tab)  include  Bed  &  Breakfasts,  hostels,  various  ecotourism-­‐based  lodges  and  small  inns.  Five  principal  direct  competitors  have  been  identified  due  to  their  proximity  to  Panama  City  and  the  offering  of  tourism  products  similar  to  Jungle  Adventures’.  Figure  1  below  illustrates  our  direct  competitors,  which  are  Hostal  Casa  de  Campo,  Panama  Outdoor  Adventures,  La  Estancia  B&B,  Monkey  Lodge  and  Sierra  Llorona.    Each  competitor  is    located  within  an  hour  and  a  half  from  Panama  City  and  provides  nature-­‐based  activities  and  excursions.  All  information  about  these  properties  has  been  gathered  from  their  respective  websites.    Figure  1:  Direct  Competitor  Map  

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   La  Estancia  La  Estancia,  located  within  Panama  City,  is  unique  in  that  it  offers  an  ecotourism  experience  very  close  to  the  city  and  can  be  reached  easily  by  public  transportation.  It  also  has  a  tour  operator  company  that  offers  rainforest  excursions,  indigenous  village  visits,  and  bird  watching  expeditions  outside  of  town.  The  cost  of  lodging  here  is  relatively  high,  with  the  cheapest  rooms  going  for  $85,  but  many  amenities  are  provided.  The  strength  of  La  Estancia  is  it’s  rainforest  feel  with  incredibly  easy  access  to  the  shopping  and  nightlife  of  Panama  City.      Panama  Outdoor  Adventures  Panama  Outdoor  Adventures  emphasizes  their  activities  through  their  marketing  materials  and  offers  cheap  lodging  in  the  form  of  camping  and  even  has  tents  available  for  rent.  The  price  for  camping  could  not  be  obtained  after  repeated  emails,  but  the  focus  here  is  on  the  activities  such  as  zip  lining,  river  tubing,  hiking,  and  horseback  riding.  Trip  Advisor  reviews  are  overwhelmingly  positive  but  few  discuss  the  camping  aspect.  This  seems  to  be  a  day  trip  destination  and  would  definitely  be  a  direct  competitor  if  Jungle  Adventures  were  ever  to  offer  one  day  excursions..      Sierra  Llorona    Sierra  Llorona  is  off  the  main  roads  and  emphasizes  bird  watching,  scientific  research,  swimming,  and  hiking.  The  lodge  has  seven  rooms,  the  cheapest  of  which  costs  $55  per  night  with  suites  offered  for  up  to  $85  per  night.  Activities  available  in  the  area  include  trips  to  Colon,  indigenous  villages,  the  Canal,  and  the  Caribbean  beaches.  This  place  offers  a  slower  paced  experience  where  guests  can  choose  to  partake  in  activities  or  simply  relax  around  the  property,  as  is  the  idea  for  Jungle  Adventures  trips.          Casa  del  Campo    Casa  del  Campo  is  the  closest  competitor  geographically  to  Kalu  Yala  and  provides  direct  access  to  the  Chagres  National  Park.  The  place  is  more  upscale  and  offers  honeymoon  packages,  ecotourism  packages,  a  day  spa,  and  can  host  large  meetings  or  events.  Four  cabins  and  seven  basic  rooms  are  available  with  prices  ranging  from  $70-­‐$95  per  night.      

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Monkey  Lodge  Monkey  Lodge  clearly  emphasizes  their  ability  to  place  guests  in  close  contact  with  monkeys  and  other  animals.  Their  strategic  location  between  Panama  City  and  Colon,  close  to  Soberania  National  Park  is  a  significant  advantage.  The  place  is  small  and  only  offers  four  cottages  for  rent  ($80/  night),  but  also  operates  tours  to  the  rainforest,  Portobello,  San  Blas  and  other  places  in  the  vicinity.      Of  these  five  prime  competitors,  the  only  conveniently  reachable  by  public  transportation  is  La  Estancia,  located  within  the  city.  All  other  properties  suggest  driving  in  private  transport  to  arrive.  Panama  Outdoor  Adventures  seems  to  receive  a  lot  of  traffic,  but  heavily  relies  upon  day  trips  to  experience  their  activities.  The  cost  of  a  night’s  stay  in  these  places  is  relatively  high,  with  the  cheapest  option  being  $55  for  a  night  at  Sierra  Llorona.      Despite  the  geographic  proximity  of  these  places  to  Kalu  Yala,  no  other  company  is  currently  offering  the  rustic  type  of  stay  that  Jungle  Adventures  can  offer.  These  properties  are  not  targeting  the  backpacker  market  as  is  reflected  by  their  relatively  high  prices.  A  trip  to  the  Kalu  Yala  Valley  can  offer  similar  activities  to  those  offered  by  these  competitors  at  a  rate  much  lower  but  with  lesser  amenities.  All  of  these  properties  offer  ecotourism  experiences,  but  Jungle  Adventures  is  in  a  unique  position  to  offer  a  lower  budget  trip  to  the  backpacker  market,  especially  those  more  interested  in  “natural”  activities  such  as  hiking  and  swimming  as  opposed  to  man-­‐made  activities  such  as  zip  lining  or  tubing.  These  activities  will  be  looked  into  as  possible  add-­‐ons  to  a  Jungle  Adventures  trip  in  the  future.      Providing  efficient,  safe  transportation  will  be  key  for  the  success  of  Jungle  Adventures.  The  properties  described  above,  like  Kalu  Yala’s  valley,  are  not  on  main  public  transportation  routes  (with  the  exception  of  La  Estancia),  so  this  does  not  represent  a  “competitive  disadvantage”  for  Jungle  Adventures.  We  can  stand  out  against  this  competitive  set  by  offering  a  low  cost  ecotourism  experience  that  is  easily  accessible  due  to  the  provision  of  reliable  transportation  for  guests.      Direct  Competitors:  Tour  Operators  Further  details  on  these  properties  can  be  found  in  shared  Google  spreadsheet:  Jungle  Adventures  Competition  Fall  2012,  “Tour  Operators”  tab.    There  are  many  ecotourism  experiences  available  throughout  the  country,  especially  around  Bocas  del  Toro,  Boquete,  and  El  Valle  de  Anton.  The  following  is  a  brief  summary  of  the  products  offered  by  tour  operators  in  Jungle  Adventures’  competitive  set.  All  information  has  been  gathered  from  each  company’s  individual  website.      Panoramic  Panama    Operated  in  conjunction  with  the  aforementioned  La  Estancia  Bed  &  Breakfast,  Panoramic  Panama  offers  a  wide  range  of  day  trips  with  various  overnight  options.  Day  trips  involve  visits  to  the  Gamboa  Rainforest,  the  Embera  indigenous  village,  El  Valle  de  Anton,  and  bird  watching.  All  trips  have  a  guide  and  transportation  included  and  the  price  drops  significantly  per  person  when  registering  as  a  group.  The  most  affordable  day  trips  go  to  the  Gamboa  Rainforest  and  the  indigenous  village  of  Embera,  with  prices  ranging  from  $75  per  person  (with  a  group)  up  to  $220  

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when  registering  as  a  single  guest.  Based  upon  this  information,  it  can  be  expected  that  Panoramic  Panama  target  travelers  in  small  groups.  The  price  for  their  excursions  is  probably  too  high  to  attract  a  large  share  of  the  backpacker  market.      Gatun  Explorer  With  it’s  lakefront/canal  front  base  of  operations,  Gatun  Explorer  offers  a  range  of  tours  throughout  Lago  Gatun,  the  canal  itself,  and  the  surrounding  rainforest.  Their  most  popular  tour  is  a  one-­‐day  excursion  combining  the  canal  experience  with  the  natural  beauty  of  the  rainforest  and  is  priced  at  $98.    The  company  also  offers  fishing,  kayaking,  and  overnight  tours.  Overnight  tours  beginning  in  the  afternoon  cost  $140  and  the  price  jumps  to  $200  to  begin  in  the  morning.  The  pricing  of  these  tours  lies  outside  the  $30-­‐$50  a  day  price  range  that  most  backpackers  are  likely  to  spend.      EcoCircuitos  EcoCircuitos  offers  over  80  tours  throughout  Panama.  The  trips  most  closely  competitive  to  Jungle  Adventures’  consist  of  journeys  to  the  rainforests  of  Cope  National  Park  (2  days/  1  night)  and  the  MesoAmerican  Biological  Corridor  (3  days/  2  nights).  Each  trip  includes  transportation  from  Panama  City,  guides,  lodging,  and  meals.  A  quote  obtained  for  the  MesoAmerican  Biological  Corridor  stated  the  price  at  $575  while  no  quote  could  be  obtained  for  the  Cope  National  Park  trip.  EcoCircuitos  could  possibly  be  pricing  backpackers  out  of  their  tour  offerings.      Adventure  Tours  Panama  Adventure  Tours  Panama  can  customize  just  about  anything  a  visitor  wants  to  do  into  a  tour.  The  hiking  tours  on  their  website  include  day  trips  to  Cerro  Campana  National  Park,  Soberania  National  Park,  and  the  Rio  Chagres  National  Park  starting  at  $100/day.  Mountain  biking  tours,  fishing  tours,  rafting  tours,  and  indigenous  village  tours  are  also  offered  at  around  $100/day.  Tours  can  be  customized  to  include  overnights  but  most  of  their  advertised  tours  are  of  the  day  trip  variety.      Monkey  Lodge  Tours  The  company  operates  out  of  Chilibri,  about  30  minutes  north  of  Panama  City  and  consists  of  a  lodge  with  extensive  touring  options.  The  lodge  only  has  four  cottages  and  can  house  a  maximum  of  10  people  at  a  time.  However,  the  excursions  offered  seem  to  be  very  competitively  priced.  A  2  day/1  night  jungle  trek  to  the  outskirts  of  Portobello  costs  $160-­‐$190  and  includes  a  guide,  meals,  camping  equipment,  and  survival  techniques  education.  Hiking  in  the  Camino  de  Cruces  National  Park  runs  $50-­‐$75  and  includes  guides,  drinks,  snacks,  and  transportation  back  to  the  Monkey  Lodge.      There  are  many  tours  specializing  in  bird  watching,  jungle  hiking,  adventure  sports,  and  indigenous  village  visits.  However,  the  pricing  of  most,  if  not  all,  of  these  tours  eliminates  backpackers  from  the  target  markets  of  the  above  tour  operators  because  their  rates  are  too  high.  The  difficulties  of  reserving  and  confirming  a  trip  are  noteworthy  as  this  requires  several  steps  and  significant  back  and  forth  communication.      

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At  this  point,  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  is  not  in  a  position  to  offer  day  trips,  but  the  3-­‐day/2-­‐night  trip  in  which  we  are  to  specialize  offers  an  affordable  multi-­‐day  excursion  with  many  of  the  features  of  the  above  tours  at  more  backpacker-­‐friendly  prices.  Additionally,  our  tour  has  more  to  offer  socially  whereas  the  above  trips  are  more  specialized  to  specific  nature-­‐based  tourism  niches.  Our  proposed  specialization,  a  3  day/2  night  jungle  excursion,  combined  with  the  social  experience  from  interacting  with  Kalu  Yala  directors  and  interns,  is  more  suited  to  the  backpacker  market  than  many,  if  not  all,  of  the  tours  currently  available  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  Panama  City.      Destinations    The  destinations  of  Anton  del  Valle,  Boquete,  Bocas  del  Toro,  Santa  Catalina,  San  Blas,  and  Pedasi  are  backpacker  hotspots  due  the  availability  of  affordable  accommodations  and  activities  in  their  immediate  vicinities  (See  Google  spreadsheet:  Jungle  Adventures  Competition  Fall  2012,  “Backpacker  Destinations”  tab).  Anton  del  Valle  and  Boquete  are  mountain  towns  while  Bocas  del  Toro,  Santa  Catalina,  San  Blas,  and  Pedasi  are  beach  towns.      Anton  del  Valle    Its  location,  only  1.5  hours  from  Panama  City  makes  this  an  easy  weekend  trip  for  backpackers  and  city-­‐dwellers  alike.  The  town,  located  within  a  volcanic  crater,  offers  access  to  National  Parks,  waterfalls,  hot  springs,  and  wildlife  viewing.  There  is  also  a  zoo,  a  large  market,  canopy  tours,  hiking,  bird  watching,  and  horseback  riding  available.  There  are  several  hostels  available  for  $10-­‐$15/  night  (hostelbookers.com),  making  it  an  affordable  destination  for  backpackers.      Boquete  Boquete  is  currently  the  most  tourist-­‐centric  of  Panama’s  mountain  towns.  Within  the  last  decade  a    boom  in  real  estate  resulted  from  many  retirees  buying  property  in  and  throughout  the  surrounding  area  of  Boquete.    The  town  is  located  to  the  east  of  Volcan  Baru,  9  hours  from  Panama  City  and  offers  hiking,  horseback  riding,  wildlife  viewing,  access  to  two  National  Parks,  canopy  tours,  rafting,  hot  springs,  coffee  farm  tours,  and  an  assortment  of  other  mountain  based  activities.  There  are  many  hostels  here,  ranging  from  $8-­‐$20/night  (hostelbookers.com)  and  this  affordable  lodging  combined  with  nearby  activities  makes  it  a  backpacker  hotspot.      Bocas  del  Toro  The  archipelago,  located  around  9  hours  from  Panama  City,  comprises  one  of  Panama’s  main  tourist  attractions.  Its  natural  beauty  combined  with  a  party  atmosphere  makes  it  an  attractive  destination.  Activities  available  for  tourists  include  surfing,  snorkeling,  boat  tours,  fishing,  hiking,  kayaking,  biking,  and  simply  lounging  on  world-­‐famous  beaches.  A  wide  array  of  lodging  is  available  including  many  hostels  charging  $10-­‐$25/night  (hostelbookers.com).      Santa  Catalina  The  famed  surf  town,  about  7  hours  from  Panama  City,  attracts  a  wide  range  of  backpackers,  not  just  surfers.  With  access  to  beaches,  diving,  snorkeling,  fishing,  and  Coiba  National  Park  combined  with  an  array  of  cheap  hostels  ($8-­‐$20/  night,  hostelbookers.com),  many  backpackers  make  it  a  

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point  to  stop  here;  although  the  destination  is  a  bit  out  of  the  way  and  not  on  any  of  the  main  transportation  routes.  The  jungle  experience  is  not  a  selling  point  of  Santa  Catalina.      San  Blas  Islands  Another  beautiful  archipelago,  San  Blas  still  has  the  indigenous  Kuna  people  living  here  and  makes  for  a  very  interesting  trip.  Many  people  stop  here  while  sailing  to  Colombia  to  relax  on  the  beach,  interact  with  the  Kunas,  and  to  experience  a  bit  of  paradise.  Access  is  difficult  and  trips  must  be  planned  in  advance,  although  there  is  a  wide  range  of  lodging  options  once  the  islands  are  reached.  Lodging  can  expensive  ($30-­‐$130,  tripadvisor.com),  but  many  backpackers  still  find  a  way  to  make  San  Blas  fit  into  their  trip.      Pedasi  Another  surf/beach  town  that  attracts  backpackers  is  Pedasi.  Located  six  hours  from  Panama  City,  the  town  attracts  surfers  and  beachgoers,  and  serves  as  the  hub  for  exploring  the  Azuero  Peninsula.  With  Playa  Venao  down  the  road,  as  well  as  many  other  quality  surfing  waves,  Pedasi  sees  lots  of  traffic  and  has  many  restaurants  and  an  array  of  lodging  options.  The  cheapest  hostels  start  at  $15/night  (personal  experience)  and  travelers  have  access  to  beaches,  fishing,  diving,  snorkeling,  hiking,  and  horseback  riding.    These  destinations  compete  with  Jungle  Adventures  as  they  can  each  offer  several  days  of  enjoyment  for  backpackers.  With  affordable  lodging  and  an  array  of  activities,  backpackers  are  likely  to  stay  for  several  days  at  least  and  not  merely  visit  for  day  trips.  Apart  from  Anton  del  Valle,  these  destinations  are  not  easy  to  get  to  from  Panama  City  and  require  bus  transfers  and  long  rides.  Establishing  partnerships  with  hostels  in  these  areas  may  be  beneficial  to  Jungle  Adventures  as  a  significant  portion  of  backpackers  that  end  up  in  Panama  City  have  likely  passed  through  at  least  one  of  these  destinations.        Competitive  Analysis  Summary  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  faces  an  assortment  of  competitors  ranging  from  lodging  establishments  to  tour  operators  and  outright  destinations.  Many  of  these  competitors  offer  ecotourism  experiences,  but  at  prices  outside  the  range  that  the  backpacker  market  traditionally  spends.  Jungle  Adventures  is  in  a  unique  position  to  offer  a  jungle  experience  complete  with  exciting  activities  and  lodging  at  a  rate  acceptable  to  the  backpacker  market.      These  competitive  destinations  offer  cheap  lodging  and  an  atmosphere  full  of  young  travelers,  leading  to  an  enjoyable  trip  even  if  the  backpacker  does  not  choose  to  participate  in  day  tours  or  activities.  This  type  of  atmosphere  should  be  created  by  Jungle  Adventures  to  offer  a  competitive  experience.          

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Evidence  of  Customer  Demand    From  the  hostel  research  conducted  by  members  of  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala,  it  is  apparent  that  we  have  a  niche  market  and  a  good  product  that  many  are  excited  to  see.  Some  hostels  even  went  as  far  to  say  that  they  will  promote  us  on  their  website,  while  others  said  they  would  give  us  a  space  that  stands  out  on  the  activity  board  so  people  are  more  likely  to  book  with  us.    Jungle  Adventures  base  camp  is  located  in  close  proximity  to  Panama  City.    As  evidence  from  the  previous  competitive  analysis,  the  majority  of  other  tours  and  attractions  are  situated  hours  from  Panama  City.  Presently  there  are  no  real  competitors  and  those  that  we  will  be  competing  with  are  renowned  for  being  unreliable  with  the  hostels.      Hostel  managers  expressed  that  there  is  a  need  for  a  product  that  is  consistently  run,  reasonably  priced  and  located  relatively  close  to  the  city.      Economic  Environment    Panama  is  positioned  to  experience  great  economic  growth.    According  to  the  CIA  World  Factbook,  Panama’s  Gross  Domestic  Product  was  estimated  to  be  51.26  billion  in  2011,  which  was  a  considerable  gain  of  10.6%  over  2010  (a  growth  rank  6  in  the  world).  In  2012,  sources  say  “Panama  has  the  highest  economic  growth  rate  in  the  hemisphere  (Beaubien,  2012).”  While  this  growth  is  great  for  the  economy  overall,  much  of  the  development  is  not  reaching  the  poorest  residents.    While  some  of  the  country  gets  rich,  over  1/3  of  residents  are  not  seeing  these  benefits  (Beaubien,  2012).    If  tourism  is  developed  in  the  correct  manner,  it  should  help  to  alleviate  this  income  disparity  issue.    A  main  contributing  factor  to  Panama’s  growth  is  construction.  With  the  construction  boom  underway  in  Panama,  it  is  expected  that  the  $1  billion  worth  of  investments  in  the  28  new  hotels  to  be  finished  by  2013,  at  the  latest.    This  means  that  a  large  number  of  new  facilities  will  be/are  available  to  tourists  and  residents  alike.    Other  than  the  investment  in  tourism  infrastructure,  there  is  high  demand  for  retirement  homes,  banking  centers,  and  other  corporate  investments  (Business  Panama,  2012).  With  the  addition  of  government  spending  in  public  works,  specifically,  the  subway  system  in  Panama  City,  retirees  and  visitors  alike  will  enjoy  easier  access  to  attractions  both  inside  and  outside  of  the  city.    With  an  estimated  population  of  3.5  million  in  an  area  that  is  roughly  the  size  of  South  Carolina,  tourism  supports  approximately  86,000  jobs,  which  is  5.7%  of  the  economy  (Visit  Panama,  2012).      Panama  was  ranked  as  the  top  place  to  visit  in  2012  by  The  New  York  Times  and  also  received  other  accolades  in  well-­‐read  travel-­‐related  publications;  Panama  has  experienced  impressive  growth  in  terms  of  arrival  numbers  (up  almost  20%  over  2011)  and  tourist  receipts  (up  15%  over  2011)  in  the  first  few  months  of  2012  (Visit  Panama,  2012).    According  to  statistical  data  about  Central  America,  Panama  has  the  largest  impact  on  the  country’s  economy  due  to  the  country  having  the  highest  expenditures  per  tourists  of  any  other  Central  American  nation  (Visit  Panama,  2012).    In  2011,  Panama’s  Tourism  Authority  launched  an  international  marketing  campaign,  hosted  tourism  fairs,  and  cooperated  with  Copa  Airlines  to  allow  transit  passengers  to  change  their  airline  tickets  without  charge  to  enable  them  to  stay  longer  in  Panama.    

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 As  can  be  viewed  in  chart  1  below,  when  the  recession  hit  in  2009  and  visitor  numbers  fell  worldwide,  Panama  was  still  able  to  experience  growth  in  terms  of  international  tourist  receipts.    This  signifies  that  although  there  were  less  international  tourist  arrivals  worldwide,  the  average  expenditure  per  visitor  was  higher  thus  creating  a  higher  economic  impact  per  visitor.    Chart  1:  International  tourism  receipts  and  arrivals  

   In  addition  to  the  standard  industries  that  traditionally  support  the  economy,  significant  changes  in  terms  of  economic  landscape  are  projected  to  have  a  great  impact  on  the  economy.  Panama  is  a  service-­‐oriented  economy,  which  contributes  to  approximately  80%  of  its  GDP.  According  to  the  CIA  World  Factbook,  the  service  sector  is  made  up  of  the  Panama  Canal,  banking,  the  Colon  Free  Zone,  insurance,  container  ports,  flagship  registry  and  tourism.  With  the  expansion  of  the  Panama  Canal,  scheduled  to  be  finished  in  2014,  larger  ships  will  be  able  to  pass  through  the  canal.    This  will  significantly  increase  the  economic  impact  of  the  canal  because  the  larger,  heavier  ships  are  charged  more  to  transverse  through  the  canal  (Panama  Canal  Authority,  2012).    Even  with  these  traditionally  large  contributing  economic  sectors,  tourism  continues  to  be  the  top  revenue  earner  for  the  economy  of  Panama.          Social/Cultural  Environment    The  growth  and  expansion  of  the  service  industry  in  Panama  has  a  direct  influence  on  the  social  and  cultural  environment  of  Panama,  which  in  turn  has  an  effect  on  what  Panama  can  offer  its  residents  and  visitors.    As  international  arrival  numbers  continue  to  increase,  construction  of  new  hotels  and  supplemental  tourists  enterprises  will  expand  into  the  less  developed  areas  of  the  country,  thus  visitor  spending  will  have  more  of  an  economic  and  cultural  impact  on  communities  that  historically  did  not  cater  to  tourists.    

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Currently  Panama  is  largely  focused  on  attracting  international  tourists  to  visit  the  country.      With  this  being  the  case,  we  believe  that  it  is  important  for  any  foreign  companies  operating  in  the  country  to  bear  in  mind  cultural  differences  that  are  present  or  may  occur  due  to  these  differences.    Jungle  Adventures  will  be  sure  to  follow  in  Kalu  Yala’s  footsteps  in  their  approach  of  bridging  the  cultural  gaps.    For  example,  Kalu  Yala  has  a  property  located  in  the  small  town  of  San  Miguel.    The  interns  and  directors  are  respectful  of  the  unique  culture  of  the  San  Miguel  residents  and  act  without  making  negative  impressions  on  the  locals.    Wonderful  relationships  have  been  fostered  and  maintained  with  many  of  the  San  Miguel  residents,  thus  creating  a  positive  image  for  the  Kalu  Yala  brand.    Also  by  employing  local  residents  Kalu  Yala  is  helping  to  increase  the  commonwealth  of  the  local  community.  Jungle  Adventures  looks  forward  to  being  a  part  of  this  shared  sense  of  community  with  San  Miguel.        With  Jungle  Adventures  bringing  groups  of  tourists  through  the  town  of  San  Miguel,  business  at  the  local  fondas  and  mini  supers  will  increase.    Therefore,  it  is  important  to  educate  the  company’s  tourists  on  our  policies  to  mitigate  any  negative  effects  they  may  have  on  the  community.    Our  goal  is  to  create  a  positive  economic  impact  on  the  town  of  San  Miguel  while  not  disrupting  the  community’s  culture.      Natural  Environment    The  economic  impact  from  tourism  is  vital  to  the  Panamanian  economy.  Ecotourism  has  the  potential  to  be  highly  beneficial  due  to  the  country’s  rich  marine  habitats  and  forest  biodiversity.  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  will  promote  and  eventually  educate  our  guests  on  the  importance  of  living  and  working  sustainably  within  nature.  With  the  rainforests,  mountain  retreats,  stunning  beaches  as  well  as  the  seven  indigenous  Indian  cultures  that  reside  in  Panama;  these  sectors  represent  a  variety  of  opportunities  for  the  tourism  sector  (Ah  Panama,  2012).      Panama  is  the  southernmost  country  in  Central  America  with  access  to  both  the  Caribbean  Sea  and  Northern  Pacific  Ocean  making  it  an  ideal  tourist  destination.  The  area  of  the  country  is  75,420  square  kilometers  with  water  coverage  only  accounting  for  1,080  square  kilometers  of  that  total.  Panama’s  interior  terrain  consists  of  steep  rugged  mountains  and  dissected  upland  plains.  The  coastal  areas  are  largely  plains  and  rolling  hills.  Due  to  the  diverse  landscape  and  vast  amounts  of  foliage  and  wildlife,  Panama  can  easily  be  used  as  the  basis  for  eco-­‐tourism  promotion  as  we  will  be  doing  for  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala.  (CIA  World  Factbook,  2012)    At  this  present  time,  according  to  the  CIA  World  Factbook  (2012),  Panama  divides  its  total  land  so  that  7.26%  of  it  is  arable  land,  1.95%  is  set  aside  for  permanent  crops  and  90.79%  is  used  for  other  uses  such  as  roads  and  city  infrastructure.  For  our  company  specifically,  the  Kalu  Yala  Valley  will  be  using  a  portion  of  the  land  strictly  for  farming.    Although  this  will  not  significantly  or  directly  impact  the  statistics  for  Panama,  it  is  important  that  the  land  is  maintained  in  a  way  that  will  promote  a  sustainable  lifestyle  that  encourages  living  off  the  land.  In  Panama  the  country  has  protected  30%  of  its  land  through  conservation  and  25%  through  national  parks  (CIA  World  

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Factbook,  2012).  This  is  a  step  forward  and  shows  the  importance  of  land  use  especially  for  larger  sites  such  as  the  Kalu  Yala  Valley  property  that  encompasses  over  500  hectares.    Between  1980  and  2005,  five  of  Panama’s  sites  have  been  declared  UNESCO  World  Heritage  sites:    On  a  cultural  side,  the  archaeological  site  of  Panama  Viejo  and  the  Historic  District  of  Panama  has  been  protected  since  1997.  The  fortifications  in  Portobelo,  San  Lorenzo  have  been  established  and  untouched  since  1980  as  they  hold  cultural  significance  to  the  country’s  history.  The  natural  sites  that  have  been  protected  include  the  Coiba  National  Park,  Darien  National  Park  (1981)  the  Talamanca  Range,  and  the  La  Amistad  Reserves  (1983).  The  most  recent  addition  to  Panama’s  UNESCO  World  Heritage  list  is  Coiba  National  Park.    This  park  is  considered  one  of  the  most  important  protected  sites  in  Panama  due  to  its  abundant  and  rare  marine  life.  (UNESCO,  2012).      Panama  faces  five  major  environmental  issues.    These  include  water  pollution,  deforestation,  land  degradation,  soil  erosion,  and  air  pollution.    These  issues  are  discussed  in  more  detail  below.    The  issue  that  concerns  our  company  and  the  Kalu  Yala  valley  the  most  is  water  pollution,  which  can  be  attributed  to  agriculture  run-­‐off  into  rivers,  streams,  lakes,  the  ocean,  as  well  as  other  freshwater  tributaries.  In  order  to  provide  safe  drinking  water  to  staff  and  visitors,  Kalu  Yala  has  found  two  solutions.    These  include  a  water  filtration  system  located  in  the  main  rancho  as  well  as  a  freshwater  pipe  that  runs  from  a  tributary  at  the  very  top  of  the  mountain  to  a  location  within  five  minutes  of  the  Kalu  Yala  base  camp.  Potentially,  within  the  next  year,  Kalu  Yala  will  have  its  own  purified  water  system.          Deforestation  is  an  issue  that  is  omnipresent  throughout  the  country.  Panama  loses  more  than  1%  of  its  primary  forest  every  year.    This  directly  threatens  the  canal,  which  is  the  most  important  source  of  income  for  Panama’s  economy  as  the  tropical  cloud  forest  of  the  canal  ensures  the  flow  of  water  needed  to  operate  the  canal  locks.  The  population  growth  in  these  forests  has  declined  forest  coverage  from  80%  in  1952  to  15%  in  1994,  which  has  led  to  soil  erosion  into  the  canal.    The  reasons  for  deforestation  are  road  construction,  logging  and  colonization.  The  Darien  Gap,  which  is  located  within  close  proximity  to  the  Kalu  Yala  Valley,  is  a  key  area  of  concern  due  to  talk  of  opening  the  almost  inaccessible  region  to  colonization  (Mongabay,  2012).        Land  Degradation  and  Soil  Erosion  together  have  led  to  the  siltation  of  the  canal,  are  becoming  more  of  a  problem  every  year.  Soil  erosion  is  the  root  of  many  current  issues  found  in  urban  areas,  in  turn  meaning  that  the  cities  are  becoming  overcrowded  and  people  are  even  beginning  to  invade  the  indigenous  lands  and  national  parks  (Panama  News,  2012).        Air  Pollution  in  Panama  exceeds  the  norms  seen  internationally.  The  main  cause  being  due  to  unregulated  vehicular  emissions,  which  is  an  issue  that  needs  to  be  addressed.  Hopefully  with  the  introduction  of  the  subway  system,  this  should  encourage  public  transport  thereby  reducing  air  pollution  from  automobile  traffic  (National  Geographic,  2012).  

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 Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  is  dedicated  to  educating  those  that  come  to  explore  the  valley  with  us  on  the  importance  of  living  sustainably  and  being  environmentally  conscious.  We  strive  to  be  a  company  that  considers  the  environment  in  all  of  our  daily  operations,  activities,  and  throughout  all  of  our  locations.        Legal/Regulatory  Environment      Business  Registration  DoingBusiness.org,  a  project  funded  by  the  International  Finance  Corporation  (IFC)  and  the  World  Bank,  ranks  Panama  as  #23  out  of  184  different  economies  regarding  “time  and  cost  for  a  small  to  medium-­‐size  limited  liability  company  to  start  up  and  operate  formally  (2012).”  Neighboring  countries  Nicaragua  (#131),  Costa  Rica  (#128),  and  Colombia  (#61)  are  rated  significantly  lower.  According  to  the  website,  for  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  to  become  a  legal  entity,  there  are  no  less  than  six  steps  required  that  will  cost  a  minimum  of  $500  to  carry  out:      

1.  Hire  a  registered  agent  to  represent  the  company  and  write  articles  of  incorporation     2.  Notarize  articles  of  incorporation  

3.  Register  at  the  Mercantile  Division  of  the  Public  Registry  and  pay  the  annual  tax  (i.e.  register  with  the  national  government)  

  4.  Obtain  a  notice  of  operation  through  the  Panama  Emprende  website     5.  Register  with  the  local  municipality  in  San  Miguel  (done  through  step  #4)     6.  Register  with  the  Social  Security  Administration    There  may  be  additional  steps  for  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  to  operate  legally.  According  to  Panama  Offshore  Legal  Services  and  the  Better  Business  Bureau  of  Panama,  sanitary  permits  and  fumigation  permits  may  also  be  required.  As  a  tour  company,  registration  is  also  required  with  the  Panamanian  Tourism  Authority.  This  only  costs  $10,  but  Gustavo  Chan  (founder  of  Panoramic  Panama,  personal  communication)  has  indicated  that  there  must  be  a  manager  with  five  years  of  experience  working  in  a  travel  agency.      Registering  and  operating  legally  seems  to  be  quite  feasible,  but  there  must  be  consultation  with  a  legal  team  before  this  tour  company  can  become  independent  of  Kalu  Yala.  Kalu  Yala  already  has  significant  legal  connections  and  wants  to  see  businesses  succeed  on  their  property.  Therefore,  the  legal  relationships  that  Kalu  Yala  has  already  established  will  make  outside  investment  more  feasible  and  increase  the  likelihood  of  an  outsider  taking  on  this  company.  Until  this  happens,  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  can  continue  operating  under  the  Kalu  Yala  Internship  Company,  although  the  liability  waiver  currently  in  place  needs  to  be  altered  to  make  it  more  applicable  to  the  tourism  operation.    Labor  

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Panamanian  law  requires  that  no  more  than  10%  of  employees  can  be  foreigners.  In  some  cases  requiring  certain  specialized  skill  sets,  this  number  can  be  increased  to  15%.  As  long  as  Jungle  Adventures  continues  to  operate  under  the  Kalu  Yala  Internships  umbrella,  this  does  not  need  to  be  addressed  at  this  point.    Once  Jungle  Adventures  becomes  its  own  company,  there  are  many  restrictions  to  abide  by  in  regards  to  labor.  The  minimum  wage  per  month  is  $438.60  with  a  maximum  of  6  working  days  allowed.  Overtime  is  permitted  but  is  limited  to  9  hours  per  week  and  a  maximum  of  3  hours  per  day  (Panama  Offshore  Legal  Services).  A  two-­‐month  period  of  50-­‐hour  work  weeks  is  allowed  during  the  event  of  high-­‐season.  After  one  year  of  employment,  employees  are  entitled  to  22  paid  days  of  vacation  annually  (doingbusiness.org).      Taxes  Paying  taxes  is  a  complicated  process  in  Panama  and  Jungle  Adventures  will  need  at  least  a  part-­‐time  accounting  professional.  As  of  2012,  DoingBusiness.org  rates  Panama  172nd  out  of  185  measured  economies  in  regards  to  “the  taxes  and  mandatory  contributions  that  a  medium-­‐size  company  must  pay  or  withhold  in  a  given  year,  as  well  as  measures  of  administrative  burden  in  paying  taxes.”  The  organization  estimates  the  total  tax  rate  to  be  42%,  but  this  includes  many  taxes  that  do  not  apply  to  Jungle  Adventures.    The  corporate  income  tax  in  Panama  is  25%  and  that  figure  is  what  has  been  used  in  all  forecasting  efforts.  There  are  several  incentives  and  deductions  for  entrepreneurs,  especially  in  the  tourism  industry;  and  these  should  be  examined  with  a  legal/  tax  professional  to  ensure  Jungle  Adventures  pays  as  little  tax  as  possible.  The  25%  figure  may  be  somewhat  optimistic,  but  offers  a  reasonable  base  for  forecasting.  The  subject  of  taxes  represents  one  of  the  larger  research  gaps  remaining  in  the  overall  operation  of  Jungle  Adventures.                                

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Financial  Planning  and  Forecast    What  has  been  accomplished  up  to  this  point  has  been  done  with  very  little  investment.    In  order  for  Jungle  Adventures  to  expand,  additional  investment  will  be  needed.    The  following  start-­‐up  costs  are  seen  as  necessary  in  order  for  Jungle  Adventures  to  have  a  viable  tourism  product:    Rancho:  $5,000         Additional  tables  and  chairs:  $200  Changing  room:  $1,000       Extra  boots/  galoshes:  $150  Website:  $500           Mosquito  nets:  $120  Bathroom:  $400         Hammocks:  $100  Cell  phone:  $200  Total  startup  costs:  $8,220    These  items  achieve  slightly  more  than  a  minimum  viable  product.    We  want  to  offer  more  than  the  bare  minimum  in  order  to  build  upon,  rather  than  detract  from  the  overall  Kalu  Yala  brand  and  we  feel  that  these  investments  allow  this  to  happen.    Monthly  fixed  Costs  In  addition  to  these  physical  items,  a  tourism  director  should  either  be  added  to  the  Kalu  Yala  Internship  Company  or  employed  under  the  newly  created  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala.    A  starting  salary  of  $1,000/month  would  be  sufficient.    Other  fixed  costs  include  website  maintenance,  cellular  phone  service,  marketing  materials,  and  trail  maintenance  in  the  valley.    A  summary  of  these  monthly  fixed  costs  is  as  follows:    Tourism  Director:  $1,000  Website  maintenance:  $25  Cell  phone  service:  $20  Marketing  materials:  $50  Trail  maintenance:  $40  Petty  cash:  $200  Total  Monthly  Fixed  Costs:  $1,335    It  is  important  to  note  that  these  costs  do  not  include  monthly  retainers  for  legal  or  accounting  services.  As  the  business  becomes  closer  to  operating  officially,  these  will  have  to  be  incorporated.  It  is  hoped  that  Kalu  Yala’s  relationships  with  legal  and  accounting  professionals  will  help  to  offset  the  costs  that  these  services  incur.    The  figure  arrived  at  above  is  likely  lower  than  actual  monthly  fixed  costs  but  comprises  a  budgeting  foundation  for  the  way  this  business  will  be  conducted  in  the  short-­‐term.    Variable  Costs  These  costs  vary  dependent  upon  the  number  of  guests  per  trip  and  the  number  of  trips  per  month.    Variable  costs  include  food,  transportation,  a  bonus  to  the  valley  chef  per  meal  prepared,  and  guide  

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services.  For  a  more  detailed  examination  of  these  costs,  please  see  the  shared  Google  Document  entitled  Jungle  Adventures  Forecasting  Fall  2012.    Under  every  scenario  examined,  transportation  costs  comprise  over  half  of  all  variable  costs  with  our  current  arrangement.  Investing  in  a  company  van  could  greatly  reduce  these  costs  over  several  years,  but  remains  a  risky  investment  with  the  current  valley  access  situation.  Supplying  transportation  to  the  valley  should  be  the  highest  investment  priority  after  the  start-­‐up  costs  mentioned  above.      Forecasting  The  current  forecasting  model  begins  in  January  2013  and  ends  in  December  2014  (Please  see  Google  Spreadsheet:  Jungle  Adventures  Forecasting  Fall  2012,  “Yearly  Forecasting”  sheet).  With  Kalu  Yala’s  dynamic  environment,  it  would  difficult  to  forecast  accurately  beyond  this  two-­‐year  window.      

1/13 2/13 3/13 4/13 5/13 6/13 7/13 8/13 9/13 10/13 11/13 12/13 Number of Trips

2 4 4 6 6 6 6 6 4 4 4 0

Total Guests

12 24 32 48 48 48 48 48 40 40 40 40

Guest Price

80 80 80 80 100 100 100 100 90 90 90 0

Net Income

-1099 -863 -471 -39 921 921 921 921 321 321 321 -1335

Rolling Balance

-1099 -1962 -2433 -2472 -1781 -1091 -400 291 532 773 1013 -322

1/14 2/14 3/14 4/14 5/14 6/14 7/14 8/14 9/14 10/14 11/14 12/14 Number of Trips

8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 4 4 4 0

Total Guests

64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 40 40 40 0

Guest Price

125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 100 100 100 0

Net Income

3073 3073 3073 3073 3073 3073 3073 3073 521 521 521 0

Rolling Balance

1983 4287 6592 8897 11202 13507 15811 1811 18507 18898 19289 17754

*Income  begins  to  be  created  in  May  2013  while  the  rolling  balance  becomes  positive  in  August  2013.  The  company  finishes  in  the  red  for  the  year  but  start-­‐up  costs  are  recovered  by  April  2014.  The  company  finishes  2014  with  a  balance  of  roughly  2  times  start-­‐up  costs.      

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   Number  of  Trips  and  Guests  Beginning  in  January,  there  are  two  trips  forecasted  to  take  place  with  each  trip  bringing  six  people  to  the  valley.  Two  trips  are  appropriate  as  interns  and  the  new  tourism  director  settle  in  and  prepare  to  take  on  this  business.  Six  people  represent  75%  of  our  maximum  capacity  at  this  point.  In  February  and  March  four  monthly  trips  are  expected  to  take  place  with  six  people  per  trip  in  February  and  our  full  capacity  of  eight  people  in  March.    By  April,  we  would  like  to  run  six  trips  at  full  capacity  to  fully  take  advantage  of  the  dry  season  and  upcoming  summer  in  the  United  States.  From  April-­‐August,  we  are  expecting  to  run  six  trips  of  eight  people  every  month  for  48  total  guests  per  month.  This  is  ambitious  but  we  feel  like  a  dedicated  tourism  director  along  with  the  cooperation  of  several  interns  can  make  these  goals  achievable.    For  the  rainy  season  of  September-­‐November  we  want  to  run  four  trips  but  increase  our  maximum  occupancy  to  ten  guests.  Demand  is  expected  to  be  lower  during  this  time  of  the  year  but  steady  enough  to  continue  operating.  We  are  expecting  to  receive  a  total  of  forty  guests  in  each  of  these  months.  We  do  not  plan  on  operating  any  trips  in  December  2013  or  2014  due  to  the  holidays  and  hectic  travel  schedule  of  Kalu  Yala  employees  and  interns.  This  time  could  also  be  used  for  repairs  and  any  maintenance  that  needs  to  take  place.    Pricing  From  January  2013-­‐April  2013  we  are  keeping  the  price  very  low  at  $80.  We  will  not  have  our  own  tourism  rancho  nor  bathroom  and  the  experience  will  still  be  quite  rugged.  Also,  we  want  to  ensure  the  maximum  number  of  guests  to  help  work  out  any  issues  before  ramping  up  from  April-­‐August.    Once  May  2013  rolls  around,  the  experience  should  be  a  bit  less  rugged  as  we  should  have  our  own  rancho,  bathroom,  and  changing  rooms.  As  summer  in  the  United  States  comes  around,  demand  is  expected  to  be  very  high  as  this  is  a  common  time  for  many  backpackers  to  be  traveling.  For  these  reasons,  the  price  will  be  raised  to  $100,  which  still  falls  within  most  backpackers’  budgets  for  a  three-­‐day  excursion.    For  the  rainy  season  of  September  2013-­‐November  2013,  the  price  will  drop  back  down  to  $90.  This  will  basically  allow  us  to  break  even  for  these  months  while  hopefully  still  building  the  brand  and  reputation  of  the  business.    The  price  will  move  up  to  $125  for  January  2014-­‐August  2014.  This  will  reflect  the  expanded  product  offerings  and  expected  to  take  place  in  the  valley  over  the  next  year.  The  company  will  also  have  a  year  of  experience  and  all  major  issues  should  be  resolved.  

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 This  more  refined  experience,  taking  place  in  the  dry  season,  along  with  an  expanded  product  offering  and  a  building  brand  reputation  will  permit  a  higher  price  tag  for  this  excursion.  The  price  will  drop  back  down  to  $100  for  the  rainy  season  of  September  2014-­‐November  2014.    Net  Income  and  Rolling  Company  Balance  The  company  expects  to  start  creating  income  by  May  2013.  This  will  occur  after  we  have  the  facilities  in  place  to  raise  the  price  to  $100  and  have  operated  at  full  capacity  for  two  months.  Running  six  trips  of  eight  people  at  a  price  of  $100  creates  a  net  income  of  $921  before  taxes.  By  August  2013,  the  company’s  rolling  balance  will  be  in  the  positive  at  $291  but  will  finish  the  year  at  $-­‐321.75  due  to  not  running  trips  in  December.    In  January  of  2014  we  will  truly  begin  operating  at  full  capacity.  Running  eight  trips  of  eight  people  at  $125  per  person  creates  a  net  income  of  $3073  before  taxes.  Operating  this  way  from  January  2014-­‐August  2014  will  lead  to  significant  profits.  This  forecast  also  includes  a  $200  raise  for  the  tourism  director  or  other  associated  costs.  By  April  2014,  with  a  rolling  balance  of  $8897.25,  the  start-­‐up  costs  mentioned  above  will  have  been  fully  recovered.  As  the  rainy  season  rolls  around  and  the  price  drops,  our  profits  will  be  lessened  but  the  company  is  still  expected  to  finish  the  year  with  a  rolling  balance  of  $17,754,  roughly  $9,000  more  than  the  initial  start-­‐up  costs.    Notes  on  Forecasting  These  forecasts  do  not  include  legal  or  accounting  fees,  which  are  expected  to  be  shared  with  Kalu  Yala,  S.A.  Also,  the  tax  rate  used  in  forecasting  has  been  estimated  at  25%  although  in  reality  this  may  be  a  bit  higher.  However,  there  are  many  government  incentives  for  tourism  businesses  and  possible  tax  deductions  so  25%  may  be  a  bit  on  the  positive  side  but  should  be  relatively  close  to  the  actual  tax  rate.  For  these  reasons  it  may  take  a  bit  longer  to  recoup  the  initial  starting  costs  and  make  profit,  but  these  numbers  offer  a  fair  representation  of  what  we  expect  to  happen  and  clearly  show  the  opportunity  to  make  money  through  this  business  venture.                        

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       SWOT  Analysis    

Strengths   Weaknesses  

·                  Kalu  Yala’s  valley  location  –  being  set  in  the  untouched  jungle  means  that  we  have  no  current  fees  to  use  the  land  

·                  Internal  resources  –  Kalu  Yala  has  a  great  support  system,  staff  on  hand  to  help  

·                  Pricing  –  competitive  pricing  due  to  the  resources  that  Kalu  Yala  has  and  allows  Jungle  Adventures  to  utilize.    

·                  Unique  Experience  –  we  pride  ourselves  on  being  one  of  the  few  jungle  adventure  tour  companies  within  close  proximity  to  Panama  City  

·                  Social  Aspect–  the  interactions  between  travelers,  staff,  and  Kalu  Yala  interns  create  an  extra  element  to  the  environmental  experience  already  provided  

·                  Currency  –  the  US  dollar  is  used  in  Panama  ·                  Kalu  Yala  Development  –  as  Kalu  Yala  grows  and  

brings  more  entrepreneurial  companies  to  the  valley,  we  too  as  a  company  will  grow  and  more  tourism  activities  will  be  developed.      

·                  External  Resources  –  the  contacts  that  Kalu  Yala  already  had  as  well  as  the  contacts  that  Jungle  Adventures  has  made  outside  of  Kalu  Yala  are  invaluable  and  we  will  continue  to  grow  in  number  and  strength      

·                  Limited  Activities  –  although  at  the  present  time  the  list  of  activities  is  not  extensive,  in  the  future  we  hope  to  bring  more  options  or  form  partnerships  with  future  businesses  operating  in  the  valley  to  facilitate  more  activities  into  our  tours.  

·                  Limited  Amenities  –  we  offer  basic  amenities.    As  the  valley  development  grows,  we  will  have  access  to  more  amenities  such  as  clean  running  water,  plumbing,  electricity,  internet  access,  etc.    

·                  Transitional  Phase  –  an  issue  that  needs  serious  consideration  is  the  period  between  intern  departures  and  intern  arrivals  which  is  spaced  a  month  apart.      This  issue  has  been  addressed  further  and  a  plan  of  action  can  be  viewed  in  the  Operations  Manual  

·                  Defining  ourselves  to  the  market  –calling  ourselves  an  adventure  company  even  though  we  have  limited  activities.    In  the  future,  we  can  fulfill  this  title,  but  in  the  meantime  our  company  name  can  be  misleading  to  some.  However  calling  ourselves  a  retreat  or  an  excursion  also  gives  the  wrong  impression.  Attention  has  been  given  to  this  and  we  have  continued  with  the  name  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  as  that  is  what  we  strive  to  be  

·                  Communication  Disconnect  –  Communication  is  one  of  the  largest  challenges  between  the  valley  and  the  city  as  the  valley  has  no  internet  or  phone  lines.    Currently  we  send  messages  with  those  going  into  the  valley  when  we  can  or  we  make  do,  which  has  worked  so  far.    However  this  may  be  an  issue  when  the  company  has  more  frequent  trips  so  

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further  consideration  is  needed  to  fix  this  problem.      ·                  Rainy  Season  –  Lasting  from  September  to  

January  this  means  that  the  weather  is  not  ideal  and  activities  cannot  always  go  ahead  as  planned.  We  therefore  need  to  have  contingency  plans  in  place  for  rainy  weather  

Opportunities   Threats  

·                  Network  and  Publicity  –  in  Panama  City  itself  there  is  an  opportunity  to  expand  our  network  as  well  as  use  the  current  network  that  we  are  apart  of  in  order  to  promote  or  use  resources  that  are  available  to  us  and  them.  Publicity  is  something  that  the  company  has  thought  of  and  we  want  to  engage  in  community  events  as  well  as  host  our  own  to  get  the  promotion  that  we  need  as  well  as  make  a  difference  and  support  our  networks  where  we  can  

·                  Expansion  of  Tourism  in  Panama  –  this  sector  is  the  largest  growing  in  the  country  and  therefore  we  are  coming  into  an  ideal  situation  where  the  market  is  continually  expanding    

·                  Working  with  locals  –  helping  locals  through  our  business  keeps  us  on  their  side  and  gives  them  the  opportunity  to  see  what  we  are  doing  and  help  them  as  well  as  help  ourselves  

·                  Sustainable  Practices  –  being  immersed  in  the  jungle  gives  us  the  perfect  opportunity  to  perfect  this  from  the  land  use  through  to  disposal  of  waste.    We  already  use  a  variety  of  practices  and  will  continue  to  do  so  as  the  valley  develops  and  grows.  

·                  Company  Evolution  into  our  market  –  we  have  the  ability  to  continuously  evolve  as  both  this  company  and  Kalu  Yala  Development  grows  in  size  and  strength.  Once  the  first  village  is  built,  then  more  activities  will  become  available  for  tourists  which  will  evidently  start  to  set  us  apart  from  other  tour  operators.  

·                  Kalu  Yala  Development  -­‐  As  both  Kalu  Yala  Internships  and  Kalu  Yala  Development  grows,  we  will  have  the  opportunity  to  expand  with  them  and  utilize  the  further  resources  that  those  companies  gain  and  

·          Competitors  –  there  are  many  tour  operators  in  Panama,  few  offer  what  we  do  and  therefore  an  option  is  to  work  together  to  promote  one  another  

·          Expansion  of  tourism  in  Panama  –  with  sector  expansion  comes  the  threat  of  more  competitors  so  we  need  to  ensure  that  we  are  the  best  at  what  we  provide  to  our  tourists  

·          Relationship  between  intern  company  and  Jungle  Adventures  –  this  needs  to  be  structured  well  so  that  no  one  feels  like  they  are  unwelcome  into  the  valley  property.  We  will  ensure  that  communication  with  the  valley  residents  occurs  so  they  know  when  and  how  many  visitors  will  be  joining  them  in  the  valley.  The  idea  is  to  work  together  and  become  a  community  whether  staying  for  3  days  or  3  months  

·          Licensing  and  permits  –  if  these  are  not  correct  or  up  to  date  then  the  company  cannot  run  legally  and  could  be  fined  or  even  shut  down  

·          Kalu  Yala  company  failure  –  if  Kalu  Yala  were  to  fail  then  this  would  implicate  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  as  we  are  working  underneath  their  umbrella  would  fail  as  well.  

·          Economy  –  although  we  are  past  the  global  recession,  the  economy  in  many  countries  is  still  not  as  strong  as  it  was  pre  2007  so  this  can  often  be  a  threat  as  it  would  cause  tourists  to  potentially  avoid  Panama  as  a  destination.  Problems  will  arise  if  Panama’s  GDP  lowers  for  many  reasons  but  especially  with  tourism  as  a  great  area  of  growth          Mother  nature  –  although  the  weather  is  dry  for  the  majority  of  the  year,  during  the  rainy  season,  it  

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produce      

   

is  unpredictable  so  contingency  plans  will  need  to  be  set  in  place  to  account  for  bad  weather.  Natural  disaster  can  and  do  occur,  we  have  no  means  of  controlling  this  we  can  only  plan  for  this  in  the  unlikely  event  that  something  could  occur  

jsa  Backpacker  Trail  -­‐  Our  target  market  is  difficult  to  trap  as  they  come  into  the  city  for  a  short  period  of  time  and  then  leave  for  one  of  the  more  popular  locations  in  Panama  

Issue  Analysis  The  SWOT  analysis  allows  us  to  understand  all  aspects  surrounding  the  company.  Although  a  number  of  weaknesses  have  been  analyzed,  they  can  all  be  managed  or  reduced  in  order  to  strengthen  the  company.      Our  biggest  issue  to  date  has  been  the  market  to  which  we  are  selling.  Although  our  research  has  proven  that  we  have  a  product  that  our  backpacker  audience  is  interested  in,  to  attract  a  greater  market  share,  we  need  to  form  relationships  with  hostels  outside  of  the  city  in  locations  such  as  Boquete,  Bocas  del  Toro  and  Santa  Catalina.  Eventually,  the  development  of  relationships  could  expand  to  Costa  Rica  and  Columbia.      Jungle  Adventures  will  implement  plans  to  mitigate  or  reduce  threats  as  much  as  possible.    Contingency  plans  will  be  needed  to  account  for  the  threat  of  Mother  Nature.  If  there  is  rain,  we  will  have  rainy  day  activities  available  to  visitors.    If  the  weather  is  really  bad  during  the  rainy  season,  then  we  will  cancel  or  cut  trips  short.  .  Everything  will  be  done  in  order  to  protect  our  tourists.      Another  key  issue  that  needs  to  be  recognized  and  addressed  is  the  welcoming  of  tourists  into  the  valley  when  there  are  already  a  large  number  of  interns  and  directors  living  there.  We  want  there  to  be  a  community  feel  that  keeps  true  to  the  basis  of  all  companies  under  the  Kalu  Yala  umbrella.    With  this  in  mind,  there  will  need  to  be  regular  correspondence  and  feedback  with  all  those  in  the  valley  as  well  as  from  the  tourists  in  order  to  make  everyone  feel  comfortable  at  all  times  and  build  on  it  taking  special  attention  to  arrival  of  tourists  into  the  valley.    Currently  our  weaknesses  are  issues  that  can  and  will  be  eliminated.  Although  some  of  them  may  not  be  immediately  repairable,  with  time  and  growth  from  all  aspects  of  Kalu  Yala,  our  limited  amenities  and  activities  will  reduce  considerably  making  us  a  more  sought  after  tourist  destination.    Opportunities  are  always  presenting  themselves  to  this  company.  It  always  looks  for  unique  means  to  expand  whether  that  is  through  a  new  venture  starting  under  the  Kalu  Yala  Internship  Company  or  simply  adding  a  new  activity  to  what  we  already  offer  our  tourists.  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  has  strengths  in  its  resources.  We  have  access  to  a  large  valley  and  over  time  this  will  become  a  thriving  community  where  there  will  be  an  abundance  of  adventure  activities,  which  will  set  us  

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apart  from  our  competitors.  This  company  will  play  to  its  strengths  and  utilize  all  connections  and  networking  opportunities  in  order  to  create  a  tourism  company  that  is  renowned  and  one  of  the  leading  options  in  Panama.                  

MARKETING  PLAN  Target  Market  Unique  Selling  Point  We  are  the  only  sustainable  jungle  tour  that  offers  visitors  an  authentic  cultural  experience  within  the  pristine  natural  environment  located  only  an  hour  drive  outside  of  Panama  City,  and  thirty-­‐five  minutes  from  the  Tocumen  International  Airport.      Objectives  The  implementation  of  a  strategic  marketing  plan  will  enable  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  to  effectively  promote  themselves  to  the  backpacker  market.  Both  the  online  and  in-­‐print  materials  need  to  be  attractive,  engaging,  and  create  a  call  for  action  from  interested  parties.    In  order  to  successfully  promote  to  our  target  market,  research  has  been  undertaken  to  understand  the  most  effective  means  of  communication.    The  results  of  this  research  will  be  detailed  in  the  next  section.      Marketing  Strategy  Introduction    Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  must  implement  several  marketing  strategies  in  order  to  properly  market  to  backpackers.    According  to  Backpacker  Operators  Association  of  New  South  Wales,  hands-­‐on  research  is  the  best  method  of  determining  the  wants  and  needs  of  the  backpacker  and  thus  what  is  the  most  appropriate  distribution  means  for  promotional  material.  Studies  by  the  Backpacker  Operators  Association  have  also  found  that  the  backpacker  market  reacts  differently  to  mainstream  tourism  sectors  and  money  can  often  be  more  effectively  be  spent  on  informal,  non-­‐traditional  methods  of  marketing  and  advertising.      

 No  specific  marketing  or  advertising  material  can  ensure  the  success  of  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  by  itself,  but  with  the  ideal  mix  of  word  of  mouth,  social  media  presence,  and  in  print  materials  like  brochures,  flyers,  and  hard  copy  publications,  this  adventure  company  will  prosper.      

     Marketing  Background  for  Backpackers  

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To  be  able  to  effectively  market  to  backpackers,  it  is  important  to  understand  their  logistical  habits.    It  is  essential  to  know  where  they  come  from,  how  they  arrive  in  Panama,  where  they  are  staying,  what  they  want  to  do  during  their  stay,  and  where  they  plan  on  visiting.    The  majority  of  backpackers  are  coming  from  an  assortment  of  countries  including  Germany,  the  United  Kingdom,  Canada,  Costa  Rica,  the  United  States,  Colombia  and  Argentina  among  others.    Countries  whose  citizens  have  passports  valid  for  at  least  6  months  upon  entry  do  not  require  a  visa  to  enter  Panama.    These  countries  include  Andorra,  Argentina,  Austria,  Belgium,  Bolivia,  Brazil,  Germany,  Ireland,  Israel,  Malta,  Netherlands,  Portugal,  San  Marino,  Singapore,  Sweden,  Switzerland,  the  United  Kingdom,  and  Uruguay.    Citizens  from  Australia,  Canada,  Japan  and  the  United  States  can  enter  Panama  with  a  tourist  visa  that  is  stamped  on  arrival.    The  cost  stamp  upon  arrival  into  Panama  is  already  included  in  airfare  and  is  valid  for  a  180-­‐day  stay  (wikitravel.org).      Backpackers  arrive  in  the  country  through  a  variety  of  ways;  plane,  car,  bus,  boat,  and  even  on  foot.    The  most  widely  used  means  of  transportation  is  the  Tocumen  International  Airport,  which  is  about  twenty  miles  east  of  Panama  City.  According  to  Panama  Trails,  Tocumen  International  Airport  had  a  reported  total  of  514,000  travelers  during  the  first  quarter  of  the  year  in  2012.    This  represents  an  increase  of  19.9%  compared  to  the  same  quarter  of  2011.    The  reason  Tocumen  International  is  such  a  large  hub  for  transportation  can  be  explained  by  its  well-­‐connected  flights  with  the  Americans  and  its  non-­‐stop  flights  to  almost  twenty  countries  in  the  region.    If  entering  the  country  by  car  or  bus,  backpackers  will  have  to  travel  from  Costa  Rica  to  enter  the  country.    No  roads  connect  Central  America  to  South  America  so  car  and  bus  are  out  of  the  question  for  people  looking  to  come  from  the  south.    As  for  boat  entrance  into  the  country,  backpackers  can  choose  to  enter  by  cruise  line,  private  sailboats,  or  banana  boat.    Typically,  all  entrants  into  Panama  from  boats  come  through  Colombia,  but  others  come  from  Ecuador  and  Venezuela.  The  final  means  of  entering  the  country  is  on  foot.    This  is  possible  by  backpackers  hiking  across  the  Darien  Gap  from  Colombia  or  travelers  coming  in  through  Costa  Rica.    The  Darien  Gap,  although  attractive  to  the  extreme  backpackers  and  hikers,  is  considered  one  of  the  most  dangerous  routes  in  the  world.    Skilled  guides  are  needed  to  safely  escort  travelers  through  the  Darien  Gap  (WikiTravel.org).      After  entering  Panama,  backpackers  will  stay  in  an  assortment  of  different  lodging  options.    The  majority  will  stay  in  hostels  that  provide  quality  services  and  products  at  a  reasonable  price.    As  previously  discussed,  backpackers  are  looking  for  a  hostel  that  is  inexpensive  yet  is  in  the  center  of  a  city  or  town  and  is  located  near  a  variety  of  sites  and  attractions.      While  in  Panama,  backpackers  can  chose  from  a  long  list  of  activities  to  participate  in.    Some  of  the  top  activities  include  zip  line  tours,  whitewater  rafting,  bird  watching,  hiking,  island  hopping,  partying,  snorkeling,  scuba  diving,  surfing,  fishing,  wildlife  tours,  museum  tours,  canal  tours,  coffee  farm  tours,  camping,  and  participating  in  festivals.    The  backpacker  hotspots  include  Bocas  del  Toro,  Panama  City,  Kuna  Yala/San  Blas,  Boquete,  David,  Santa  Catalina,  and  the  Darien  Province.            Integrated  Marketing  Communications  (IMC)  

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Advertising  Advertising  is  of  the  utmost  importance  for  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala.    The  most  effective  way  to  market  to  the  backpacker  industry  is  through  an  assortment  of  digital  and  traditional  marketing  strategies.    Advertising  will  also  be  used  to  gain  a  positive  reputation  in  Panama  and  throughout  the  tourism  industry  as  a  whole.      Digital  Marketing    To  have  an  effective  marketing  strategy  we  need  to  develop  a  strong  social  media  presence.    According  to  Backpacker  Operators  Association  of  New  South  Wales,  backpackers  are  generally  well  educated  and  familiar  with  the  latest  technology.  The  Internet  can  be  particularly  effective  in  reaching  this  market.    An  effective  and  well  developed  website  can  benefit  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  greatly,  but  it  must  be  well  managed  and  maintained  to  create  a  reputable  brand.    Information  needs  to  include  what  our  product  is  and  what  services  we  provide,  where  we  are  located,  how  much  we  charge,  how  we  can  be  contacted,  and  how  to  book.    The  website  should  not  be  too  cluttered  and  should  include  simple  graphics  and  colors  that  will  entice  the  eye.    Online  booking  should  be  established  only  if  a  secure  server  system  is  in  place  and  quickly  acted  upon.  This  could  be  a  key  advantage  for  Jungle  Adventures  as  many  tourism  offerings  in  Panama  can  not  be  booked  online.    The  website  will  be  an  integral  part  of  the  advertising.  It  will  host  all  the  information  about  the  company  and  our  trip  as  well  as  being  a  means  of  booking.  Backpackers  are  known  to  research  online  and  look  at  company  websites  prior  to  committing  to  an  excursion,  so  our  website  needs  to  be  professional  and  contain  vital  information  while  looking  exciting  and  engaging  to  our  target  audience.      Social  media  is  a  key  component  to  the  marketing  mix  for  Jungle  Adventures.    The  use  of  social  media  will  serve  to  complement  our  in-­‐print  marketing  materials.    The  Jungle  Adventures  staff  hopes  to  engage  and  interact  with  our  customers  through  these  identified  outlets.    The  current  social  media  outlets  that  are  most  commonly  used  by  backpackers  are  facebook  and  twitter.    A  strong  online  presence  will  also  be  maintained  through  Internet  searches,  trip  review  websites  and  company  websites.  It  is  essential  that  we  constantly  update  and  regulate  our  online  presence  in  order  to  keep  attracting  tourists  as  well  as  continually  promote  the  company.        The  Jungle  Adventures  staff  will  undertake  various  social  media  efforts  in  order  to  attract  and  engage  our  target  market.    The  team  has  created  a  facebook  page,  which  is  updated  at  minimum  two  times  per  week.    As  operations  expand,  and  the  page  has  more  followers,  it  is  recommended  that  the  page  be  updated  daily.    Future  strategies  could  include  deals  for  facebook  followers  and  various  contests.    Jungle  Adventures  plans  to  expand  its  social  media  offering  to  include  twitter,  youtube,  foursquare,  and  other  popular  outlets.      Traditional  Marketing  

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Brochures,  flyers,  and  handouts  are  great  ways  to  market  to  backpackers.    They  are  easily  accessible  when  placed  on  bulletin  boards  at  hostels  and  throughout  airports.    They  also  give  backpackers  the  option  to  pick  up  travel  information  and  potentially  use  these  for  scrap  booking.    Marketing  materials  such  as  these  are  relatively  cheap  to  produce  and  should  include  people  based  images  such  as  action  activities  such  as  zip  lining,  attractions,  social  and  cultural  life,  environment/nature,  and  native  wildlife.      

 Another  advertising  mechanism  that  will  be  utilized  is  the  use  of  promotional  materials  in  hostels  and  local  businesses,  including  restaurants,  shops  and  bars  that  are  prominent  to  our  target  audience  in  Panama  City.  Our  target  market  will  most  likely  be  staying  in  hostels.  Having  spoken  to  a  number  of  these  and  with  their  cooperation  we  shall  post  flyers  on  their  bulletin  boards  as  well  as  eventually  having  a  spot  on  their  websites  this  will  enable  us  to  have  a  good  and  strong  client  base.    Also  by  providing  them  with  an  assortment  of  pamphlets  and  a  flyer  stating  our  information  and  contact  details  we  will  gain  momentum  to  attract  a  large  audience  and  get  a  name  for  ourselves  in  the  city.    

 One  of  the  most  effective  and  cheapest  marketing  strategies  is  word  of  mouth.    According  to  Backpacker  Operators  Association  of  New  South  Wales,  backpackers’  travel  itineraries  are  rarely  planned  prior  to  arrival  and  travel  choices  are  often  made  after  discussions  with  fellow  backpackers  about  the  must  see  sights  and  activities,  the  best  accommodation,  most  reasonable  accommodations,  and  the  best  transport  options.  Based  on  this  research,  we  want  a  buzz  around  town  to  be  created  about  Jungle  Adventures.    Therefore,  we  plan  to  host  a  familiarization  trip  where  we  will  invite  hostel  owners  and  staff,  local  businesses  that  we  will  be  promoting  in  to  come  with  us  at  a  subsidized  rate  so  that  they  can  tell  their  tale  to  those  that  ask  about  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala.    Pricing  Strategies  and  Sales  Promotions    The  staff  of  Jungle  Adventures  has  planned  a  number  of  promotional  sales  incentives  in  order  to  test  our  product,  and  create  buzz  surrounding  our  trips.    In  order  to  access  the  visitor  satisfaction  level  with  tour  flow,  activity  offering,  and  identify  any  shortcomings  before  Jungle  Adventures  officially  markets  to  the  public,  a  trial  trip  has  been  scheduled  for  October  18-­‐20.  The  trial  run  will  take  place  with  six  individuals  who  are  recruited  from  Luna’s  Castle  and  are  given  a  highly  discounted  price  in  return  for  their  comprehensive  feedback.    After  analyzing  this  feedback,  the  staff  is  confident  that  we  will  be  able  to  make  the  necessary  changes  to  the  itinerary,  and  tour  flow  with  an  aim  to  increase  visitor  satisfaction  on  subsequent  trips.        

 Creating  a  partnership  with  local  hostels,  restaurants  and  shops  which  cater  to  our  target  market  is  also  crucial  to  our  success.    We  will  conduct  a  familiarization  trip  for  those  owners  and  managers  who  are  identified  as  having  the  biggest  influence  on  the  travel  decisions  for  backpackers  who  visit  Panama  City.  The  first  trip  will  include  select  individuals  from  Luna’s  Castle,  Mamallena  Backpackers,  Hostel  Viento  Surf,  Hospedaje  Casco  Viejo,  Panamericana,  and  Hostal  Urraca.    These  

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trips  will  be  offered  free  to  these  identified  individuals  with  an  aim  of  having  them  experience  the  tour  so  that  they  will  recommend  and  effectively  sell  Jungle  Adventures  to  their  hostel  visitors.        In  the  future,  familiarization  trips  will  also  be  planned  for  influential  personnel  at  various  magazines,  newspapers,  and  social  media  experts.    After  further  research  in  our  target  market’s  specific  reading  habits  and  interests,  these  companies  will  be  further  defined  but  examples  could  be  National  Geographic  Explorer  and  the  Huffington  Post.        Product  sweepstakes  or  giveaways  are  also  a  great  way  to  entice  backpackers  to  participate  in  our  adventure  company.    Products  such  as  t-­‐shirts,  koozies,  postcards,  and  occasional  trips  could  be  given  away  to  entice  backpackers.      Personal  Selling  Personal  selling  will  be  a  core  promotional  activity  of  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala.  This  type  of  selling  will  be  needed  to  prompt  guests  to  book  with  us,  especially  in  the  beginning  phases  of  the  company.      

 To  get  the  information  out  to  the  public,  we  must  make  ourselves  known.    This  means  going  and  passing  out  promotional  materials  to  all  the  backpacker  hotspots  such  as  hostels,  restaurants,  bars,  and  shops.    Promotional  materials  we  will  be  using  includes  flyers,  handouts,  brochures,  t-­‐shirts,  pens,  koozies,  bandanas,  stickers,  as  well  as  many  others.      

 The  success  of  Kalu  Yala  Jungle  Adventures  depends  on  establishing  good  working  relationships  with  the  backpacker  hotspots  mentioned  above.    These  businesses  are  already  well-­‐known  and  trusted  within  the  backpacking  community  that  we  are  looking  to  sell  to.    Details  on  strategies  to  create  these  relationships  are  available  in  the  next  section  of  this  document.    

 Sponsorship  Strategies  In  the  creation  of  relationships  with  the  owners  and  managers  of  the  local  hostels,  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  would  like  to  provide  sponsorship  opportunities  to  these  establishments.  We  will  place  their  logo  onto  our  marketing  materials  in  exchange  for  placement  of  our  logo  and  product  onto  their  websites.      

 Other  sponsorship  efforts  will  be  applied  towards  partnering  with  established  community  events  as  well  as  hosting  our  own  events.    Jungle  Adventures  plans  to  sponsor  local  events  once  every  quarter.    By  providing  sponsorship  money  to  these  events,  we  will  be  able  to  raise  brand  awareness  and  distribute  our  materials  to  event  attendees.    Jungle  Adventures  aims  to  increase  publicity  and  foster  relationships  through  hosting  appreciation  parties  for  our  supporters.    Further  plans  include  a  documentary  night,  open  to  the  public,  that  focuses  on  topics  such  as  environmental  issues,  wildlife  conservation,  sustainability,  culture,  outdoor  recreation  and  any  other  topics  that  incorporate  how  we  live  and  interact  with  the  world  around  us.      

 Earned  Media    

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 As  our  volume  of  clients  grows  they  will  want  to  discuss  their  experiences  through  a  variety  of  outlets.    These  include  reviews  on  TripAdvisor,  Yelp,  Facebook,  Twitter,  and  blog  sites,  as  well  as  other  forms  of  media.    This  customer-­‐based  media  coverage  can  also  be  very  beneficial  through  the  promotion  of  newspapers,  travel  magazines,  radio  and  television  shows.    This  is  a  great  way  to  increase  awareness  and  credibility  of  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala.    Guidebooks  are  an  essential  travel  item  for  backpackers  and  they  are  known  to  carry  at  least  one  to  two  guidebooks  on  their  trip.    Some  of  the  most  well  known  guidebooks  include  Lonely  Planet,  Moon  Handbooks,  and  Frommer’s.    These  guidebooks  have  no  paid  advertising  so  the  only  way  to  establish  presence  in  these  books  is  to  ensure  that  reviewers  are  aware  and  pleased  with  the  product  being  offered.    A  good  experience  for  the  reviewer  means  a  good  review  for  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala.      Community  Outreach  Jungle  Adventure  staff  would  become  involved  in  sustainable  outreach  by  volunteering  with  local  projects  and  organizations,  enabling  us  to  further  expand  our  network  and  relationships,  which  will  help  spread  the  word  of  what  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  has  to  offer.    This  effort  would  provide  a  way  to  connect  different  groups  of  people  within  the  city  by  having  the  Jungle  Adventure  crew  and  the  rest  of  the  Kalu  Yala  network  to  become  involved  as  well.        Implementation  of  Marketing  Strategies  September:    Jungle  Adventure  staff  will  make  site  visits  to  six  hostels  to  research  our  target  market  and  introduce  ourselves  to  the  managers  and  owners.        October:  Site  visits  will  be  made  to  local  shops  and  restaurants  to  post  the  marketing  materials  for  trial  run  #1.    During  these  visits,  good  working  relationships  will  be  developed  with  the  hostel  owners  and  managers  in  an  effort  to  educate  these  key  individuals  on  our  product.      A  creative  session  will  be  held  and  marketing  materials  will  be  discussed  and  decided  upon.    An  online  presence  will  be  created  at  this  time  through  social  media  and  e-­‐mail.    After  trial  #1  is  completed,  we  will  be  able  to  pivot  and  redirect  as  necessary  based  off  of  the  feedback  received  from  the  first  set  of  guests.    November:  Trial  run  #2  will  take  place  in  November.  Flyers  will  be  reposted  to  recruit  backpackers  for  the  trip.    The  group  will  check  on  previously  posted  marketing  materials  that  included  dates  and  replace  these  with  new  in-­‐print  materials.  Social  media  outlets  will  be  periodically  updated,  and  a  company  website  will  be  created.  The  logo  and  other  materials  will  be  submitted  to  creative  agency  to  perfect  the  company’s  image.    Post  Internship:    After  the  Fall  2012  internship  is  complete,  we  hope  that  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  will  continue  to  run  and  prosper  as  a  company.    The  marketing  efforts  will  still  need  to  be  executed  to  successfully  continue  running  backpacker  adventures  into  the  jungle.      

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 These  future  strategies  will  include  producing  Jungle  Adventures  merchandise  that  can  be  distributed  and  sold,  developing  and  implementing  plans  for  established  community  events,  participating  in  sustainable  volunteer  outreach,  creating  an  extensive  online  presence  and  continuing  to  foster  and  create  relationships  within  the  tourism  community  of  Panama  City  and  San  Miguel.    Marketing  Controls  A  number  of  marketing  controls  have  been  put  into  place  in  order  to  effectively  monitor  the  company’s  performance.      Sales  and  profits  will  be  evaluated  periodically  dependant  on  the  specific  marketing  strategies  that  are  in  place  at  the  time.    Monthly  reporting  will  help  Jungle  Adventure  staff  to  analyze  trends  and  to  reassess  marketing  tactics  in  order  to  assess  what  type  of  marketing  is  most  effective.      Like  most  other  tourism  businesses  in  Panama,  Jungle  Adventures  will  need  to  implement  ways  to  offset  seasonality  during  the  rainy  season.      Strategic  creative  marketing  and  special  pricing  will  be  employed    during  this  slower  time  in  order  to  attract  backpackers  to  our  tours.      Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  will  also  monitor  hits  on  all  social  media  outlets.    All  social  media  marketing  channels  will  be  updated  at  the  minimum  of  once  every  week.  The  number  of  hits  that  the  company  receives  will  reflect  the  amount  of  Internet  presence  we  have.  Jungle  Adventures  aims  to  have  a  large  Internet  presence  determined  within  the  first  six  months  of  the  company’s  life  cycle.      The  success  of  marketing  communications  will  also  be  reflected  in  the  results  of  a  post-­‐trip  survey.  Although  surveys  are  often  seen  as  being  less  effective  than  other  methods  of  communication,  Jungle  Adventures  by  Kalu  Yala  believes  that  with  a  small  group  of  backpackers,  the  anonymity  of  a  survey  will  give  us  essential  feedback.    The  goal  of  the  survey  is  to  inform  us  about  booking  behaviors  and  tour  satisfaction  in  order  to  update  marketing  strategies,  tour  offerings  and  to  constantly  reflect  the  needs  of  our  clients.        A  sample  survey  can  be  viewed  in  shared  Google  Document  entitled  Jungle  Adventures  Survey  Fall  2012.              

       

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REFERENCES      

Adventure  Tours  Panama.  (2012).  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.adventuretourspanama.com/    Ah!  Panama.  (2012).  Environment.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.ahpanama.com/general_information/environment    Backpacker  Operators  Association  of  NSW  (BOA).  (2012).  Tourism  New  South  Wales.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:    <http://archive.tourism.nsw.gov.au/Backpacker_Tourism_p726.asp&xgt    B  &  B  La  Estancia.  (2012).  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.bedandbreakfastpanama.com/    Beaubien,  Jason.  (2012).  Panama  booms  while  Poor  Watch  from  Afar.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.npr.org/2012/04/16/150727218/panama-­‐booms-­‐while-­‐poor-­‐watch-­‐from-­‐afar    Business  Panama.  (n.d.).  Investing  in  Panama.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.businesspanama.com/investing/opportunities/real_estate.php  

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 Casa  de  Campo  Country  Inn  &  Spa.  (2012).  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.panamacasadecampo.com/    Doing  Business.  (2012).  Economy  Rankings.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.doingbusiness.org/Rankings    Doing  Business.  (2011).  Starting  a  Business  in  Panama.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/panama/starting-­‐a-­‐business    Eco  Circuitos  Panama.  (2012).  Retrieved  October  2012  from:    http://www.ecocircuitos.com/    Hannam,  Kevin  and  Ateljevic,  Irena.  (2008).  Backpacker  Tourism:  Concepts  and  Channel  View  Publications,  Clevedon;  Buffalo    Monkey  Lodge  Tours  and  Bed  &  Breakfast.  (2012).  Retrieved  2012  from:  http://monkeylodgepanama.com/    National  Geographic.  (2012).  Deforestation.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-­‐warming/deforestation-­‐overview/        Panama  Better  Business  Bureau.  (2011).  Starting  a  Business  in  Panama.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:    http://www.panamabbb.org/businesses/investing-­‐in-­‐panama-­‐and-­‐business-­‐matters/investing-­‐doing-­‐business-­‐in-­‐panama-­‐business/    Panama  Canal  Jungle  Tour.  (2012).  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.gatunexplorer.com/    Panama  Canal  Authority.  (2012).  Tolls  Assessment.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.pancanal.com/eng/op/tolls.html    Panama  Offshore  Legal  Services.  (2011).  How  to  Start  a  Panama  Business.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.panama-­‐offshore-­‐services.com/how_to_start_a_panama_business.htm    Panama  Offshore  Legal  Services.  (2011).  Panama  Labor  Law.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.panama-­‐offshore-­‐services.com/panama_labor_law.htm    

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Panama  Outdoor  Adventures.  (2012).  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://panamaoutdooradventures.com/    Panoramic  Panama.  (2012).  Retrieved  October  2012  from:    http://www.panoramicpanama.com/    Pearce,  P.L.  (1990)  The  Backpacker  Phenomenon:  Preliminary  Answers  to  Basic  Questions.  Townsville:  James  Cook  University  of  North  Queensland,  Department  of  Tourism.    Property  Show  Rooms.  (2012).  Natural  Factors  in  Panama.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:      http://www.propertyshowrooms.com/panama/property/investment/panama-­‐investment-­‐natural-­‐factors.asp    Scheyvens,  R.  (2002)  Annals  of  Tourism  Research.  Backpacker  Tourism  and  Third  World  Development.  Volume  29,  Issue  1.  Pages  144-­‐164      Sierra  Llorona.  (2012).  Panama  Lodge,  Private  Reserve.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.sierrallorona.com/    The  New  York  Times.  (2012).  The  45  Places  to  Go  in  2012.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://travel.nytimes.com/2012/01/08/travel/45-­‐places-­‐to-­‐go-­‐in-­‐2012.html?pagewanted=all    The  World  Factbook.  (2012).  Central  America  &  Caribbean:  Panama.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-­‐world-­‐factbook/geos/pm.html    Travel  and  Leisure.  (2012).  Hottest  Travel  Destinations  of  2012.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/hottest-­‐travel-­‐destinations-­‐of-­‐2012/11    Visit  Panama.  (2012).  Panamanian  tourism  starts  2012  off  on  the  right  foot.    Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://www.visitpanama.com/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=1132:turismo-­‐paname%C3%B1o-­‐empieza-­‐el-­‐2012-­‐con-­‐pie-­‐derecho&Itemid=564&lang=en    Wikitravel.  (2012)  Panama.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://wikitravel.org/en/Panama    World  Heritage  Center.  (2012).  Panama.  Retrieved  October  2012  from:  http://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/pa      

   

Page 40: JungleAdventureBusinessMarketingPlanFall2012 · 1! Executive!Summary! Jungle!Adventures!by!Kalu!Yala!was!founded!by!five!Kalu!Yala!business!interns!in!the!fallof2012.!! The!company!facilitates!threeFday!jungle

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