Joseph StalinJoseph Stalin

By: April TouBy: April Tou

Early LifeEarly Life

Born on December 21, 1879, in GoriBorn on December 21, 1879, in Gori Real Name: Iosif Vissarionovich DjugashviliReal Name: Iosif Vissarionovich Djugashvili Father was an unsuccessful shoemaker; Father was an unsuccessful shoemaker;

was said to have been cruel to his son and was said to have been cruel to his son and a drunkarda drunkard

Mother became a washerwoman to help Mother became a washerwoman to help support their familysupport their family

Had three older siblings who had died Had three older siblings who had died shortly after birth; grew up an only childshortly after birth; grew up an only child

Connection to Vladimir Connection to Vladimir Ilyich LeninIlyich Lenin

Lenin was concerned that Stalin didn’t Lenin was concerned that Stalin didn’t strongly oppose the provisional gov’tstrongly oppose the provisional gov’t

Lenin arrived from exile, criticizing Stalin Lenin arrived from exile, criticizing Stalin for not taking strong Bolshevik standfor not taking strong Bolshevik stand

Had history books rewritten saying he led Had history books rewritten saying he led the revolution with Leninthe revolution with Lenin

Lenin named Stalin commissar of Lenin named Stalin commissar of nationalities after becoming head of gov’tnationalities after becoming head of gov’t

Rise to PowerRise to Power

Active on southern military frontActive on southern military front Became one of five members of Politburo Became one of five members of Politburo

(Political Bureau)(Political Bureau) Elected general secretary of the Elected general secretary of the

Communist Party’s Central CommitteeCommunist Party’s Central Committee Plotted quietly; power builtPlotted quietly; power built Was unable to be removed by LeninWas unable to be removed by Lenin

Life as DictatorLife as Dictator

Started the first of the five-year plans for Started the first of the five-year plans for economic developmenteconomic development

Tried to destroy middle classes in Baltic Tried to destroy middle classes in Baltic countries and set up Communist countries and set up Communist governmentsgovernments

Set up a police systemSet up a police system Started a purge (elimination) of most of Started a purge (elimination) of most of

the old Bolsheviks associated with Leninthe old Bolsheviks associated with Lenin

DeathDeath

Started to replace top men in the Soviet Started to replace top men in the Soviet governmentgovernment

Planned a great purgePlanned a great purge Was announced to have suffered a brain Was announced to have suffered a brain

hemorrhage on March 1, 1953hemorrhage on March 1, 1953 Died on March 5, 1953, in MoscowDied on March 5, 1953, in Moscow

1935 – Stalin’s Great 1935 – Stalin’s Great PurgePurge

Stalin began a great purge on Stalin began a great purge on Communist membersCommunist members

Most of the old Bolsheviks associated with LeninMost of the old Bolsheviks associated with Lenin Also, chiefs and officers of the Soviet armyAlso, chiefs and officers of the Soviet army

Reasons: Reasons: No one to threaten his powerNo one to threaten his power No one to oppose his policiesNo one to oppose his policies

1939 – The Nonaggression 1939 – The Nonaggression PactPact

What it is: treaty which two or more nations What it is: treaty which two or more nations agree not to attack each otheragree not to attack each other World War I and World War II – many nations World War I and World War II – many nations

signed non aggression pacts because there was no signed non aggression pacts because there was no international force strong enough to prevent international force strong enough to prevent aggressionaggression

Between the U.S.S.R. (Union of Soviet Between the U.S.S.R. (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) and GermanySocialist Republics) and Germany

The Secret part: Stalin and Hitler planned to The Secret part: Stalin and Hitler planned to divide Poland between themselvesdivide Poland between themselves

1945 – Yalta Conference1945 – Yalta Conference One of the most important meetings of key Allied One of the most important meetings of key Allied

leaders during World War IIleaders during World War II Location: Yalta, CrimeaLocation: Yalta, Crimea ““Big Three”: Prime Minister of Britain, President of Big Three”: Prime Minister of Britain, President of

the United States, and Premier of the Soviet Unionthe United States, and Premier of the Soviet Union Agreements were made:Agreements were made:

Accept structure of the worldAccept structure of the world Establish orderEstablish order Divide GermanyDivide Germany Support the Soviet-backed gov’tSupport the Soviet-backed gov’t Force Germany to give resources Force Germany to give resources

to the Soviet Unionto the Soviet Union

1945 – The Cold War1945 – The Cold War

The term used to describe intense rivalry The term used to describe intense rivalry between Communist and non-Communist between Communist and non-Communist nations after World War II.nations after World War II.

Did not actually lead to fightingDid not actually lead to fighting Germany was divided into four zonesGermany was divided into four zones Non-Communist nations were against the Non-Communist nations were against the

U.S.S.R. and its satellites (controlled U.S.S.R. and its satellites (controlled countries)countries)

Tried to halt the spread of CommunismTried to halt the spread of Communism

1953 – Stalin’s Death1953 – Stalin’s Death

Was honored; put in a tomb beside LeninWas honored; put in a tomb beside Lenin Later, all towns, cities, and factories named after Later, all towns, cities, and factories named after

him were renamedhim were renamed Was took out of the tomb and buried in a simple Was took out of the tomb and buried in a simple

tombtomb

Stalinism (Stalin’s style of rule) was still Stalinism (Stalin’s style of rule) was still used by Communist governmentsused by Communist governments

Eliminates all opposition by using terrorEliminates all opposition by using terror Used until Communism collapsed in the Soviet Used until Communism collapsed in the Soviet

Union and Eastern EuropeUnion and Eastern Europe

BibliographyBibliography

Marrin, Albert. "Stalin, Joseph." Marrin, Albert. "Stalin, Joseph." World Book Online Reference World Book Online Reference CenterCenter. 2008. [Place of access.]  18 Nov. 2008 . 2008. [Place of access.]  18 Nov. 2008 <http://worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?id=ar528360>. <http://worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?id=ar528360>.

Clemens, Diane Shaver. "Yalta Conference." Clemens, Diane Shaver. "Yalta Conference." World Book Online World Book Online Reference CenterReference Center. 2008. [Place of access.]  19 Nov. 2008 . 2008. [Place of access.]  19 Nov. 2008 <http://worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?id=ar612480>. <http://worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?id=ar612480>.

Pranger, Robert J. "Nonaggression pact." Pranger, Robert J. "Nonaggression pact." World Book Online World Book Online Reference CenterReference Center. 2008. [Place of access.]  19 Nov. 2008 . 2008. [Place of access.]  19 Nov. 2008 <http://worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?id=ar393120>. <http://worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?id=ar393120>.

Kaufman, Burton I. "Cold War." Kaufman, Burton I. "Cold War." World Book Online Reference World Book Online Reference CenterCenter. 2008. [Place of access.]  19 Nov. 2008 . 2008. [Place of access.]  19 Nov. 2008 <http://worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?id=ar122880>. <http://worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?id=ar122880>.