TheJohnsHopkinsCareyBusinessSchoolStyleGuidewascompiledbywritersandeditorsinMarketingandCommunicationsattheCareyBusinessSchooltoencourageconsistencyandcorrectusageoftermsintheCareySchool’smanypublicationsandmaterials.TheguidelinesdrawfromcurrenteditionsoftheJHUStyleGuide,APStylebook,andChicagoManualofStyle.WrittenfromaJohnsHopkinspointofview,theguidelinesareintendedtocomplementAPandCMOS,andwhenthosesourcesdisagree,tochoosebetweenthem.Forpointsnotaddressedintheguidelines,APisthepreferredsource.ForpointsnotlistedinAP,usethedictionaryitrecommends:Webster’sNewWorldCollegeDictionary.Whenthedictionarygivestwospellings,usethefirstone;whenAPandWebster’sdisagreeonaspelling,useAP.AnumberofindividualJHUpublicationshavetheirownstylesheets,moredetailedanddirectedtohandlingspecializedcontent.

Theguidelinesbelowwillsupplementthosealreadyexistingandwillcontributetotheefforttobringoverallconsistencytouniversitypublications.

A

abbreviationsandacronymsDonotfollowanorganization’sfullnamewithanacronyminparentheses.Ifanacronymwouldnotbeclearwithoutthisarrangement,donotuseit.

Whenthefullnameofanacronymisused,wordsthatarenotnormallycapitalizedshouldbelowercased.Examplesoffrequently-usedacronymsareasfollows:

MOOC(massiveopenonlinecourse)CCP(CenterforCommunicationPrograms)CSOS(CenterforSocialOrganizationofSchools)CTY(CenterforTalentedYouth)DOGEE(DepartmentofGeographyandEnvironmentalEngineering)INBT(InstituteforNanoBioTechnology)MSEL(MiltonS.EisenhowerLibrary)STScI(SpaceTelescopeScienceInstitute)JHOC(JohnsHopkinsOutpatientCenter)

Jobtitlesandnamesoforganizations,centers,buildings,forms,tests,andotherobjectsaregenerallyspelledwithoutperiods.

StyleGuideNovember 2017

CEO,TOEFL,GRE,GMAT,ID,JHB,SAT

SeealsoJohnsHopkinsUniversitydivisions.

academicandadministrativetitlesInmostcases,titlesshouldfollowanameandbelowercased;theexceptions are namedprofessorshipsanddeanships,whichstaycappedevenwhentheyfollowaname.

Whenaformaltitleprecedesaname,capitalizeit,butlowercasewordsthatmodifythetitle:

ProfessorKevinFrick;businessProfessorColleenStuart;AssistantProfessorStacyB.Lee;R.ClaytonEmoryChairinRealEstateandInfrastructureKoWang;ViceDeanforFacultyandResearchValerieSuslow.

Withlowercasetitlesthatfollownames,thecapitalizationofthedisciplineordepartmentisdeterminedbytheusage:professorofbusinessandeconomics(lowercasebusinessandeconomicsbecauseyou’retalkingabouttheacademicdiscipline,notadepartment).

academicdegreesOmitperiods(MS,MBA,PhD),butavoidabbreviationswhenpossible:

JohnJones,whohasadoctorateinsociology.

Capitalizetheformalnameofadegree(MasterofScience),butlowercasethediscipline(MasterofBusinessAdministrationinhealthcaremanagement)andtheinformalname(master’sdegreeinmarketing).

academicyearShouldbewrittenasYYYY–YY(ex:2015–16)withanendash,notahyphen.

accentmarksForwordssuchas“premiere”thatarelistedwithoutanaccentinAPandwithanaccentinWebster’s,followAP.ForforeignwordsnotlistedinAP,followWebster’s.Seealsoforeignwords.

advisorNotadviser.

African-AmericanHyphenatenounandadjectiveforms.

TheAPstylemanualstatesthefollowing:“African-AmericanisacceptableforanAmericanblackperson.Blackisalsoacceptable.Thesetwotermsarenotnecessarilyinterchangeable,however.Forinstance,peoplefromCaribbeannationsgenerallyrefertothemselvesasCaribbean-Americans.”

agesAlwaysusefigures.

akaNospacing.

alphabetizationofhyphenatedsurnamesAlphabetizebyfirstsurname:SusanBrown-Smith.Ifnamesarenothyphenated,alphabetizebyfinalsurname:SusanBrownSmith.

alumnus,alumniAlumnusisthesingular,masculineform.Forreferencestowomen,usealumna(singular)andalumnae(plural).Alumniispluralforagroupofbothmenandwomen.

Alumnishouldbelistedbydegreeandgraduatingyear--i.e.,JohnDoe,GMBA2013,JaneDoe,MS1999.Inrunningcopy,thenameanddegreecanbeoffsetbyparenthesesorbrackets.Example:HaoYu(GlobalMBA,’12)isamemberoftheDean’sAlumniAdvisoryBoard.

ampersandUseonlywhentheampersandispartoftheformalnameofadepartment,division,company,etc.:U.S.News&WorldReport,Teaching&Learning@Carey.Donotuseanampersandtoavoidtherepetitionof“and.”(Ex.:TheSchoolofArts&SciencesandtheSchoolofEngineeringarebasedatHomewood.UseinsteadtheSchoolofArtsandSciencesandtheSchoolofEngineering.)

apostrophesNoapostropheisneededfordecades:1990s,1980s,2000s.

Makeacronymspluralwithoutapostrophesunlessthelastletteroftheacronymisans,inwhichcasetheapostropheisneeded:CEOs,GEDs,IDs,SPS’s

B

blogsTitlesofnamedblogsshouldbeitalicized.Titlesofblogentriesshouldbeplacedinquotationmarks.

BlueJaysUsetheplural,evenasanadjective:aBlueJayslacrossefan,aBlueJaysuniform.But:BobSmithisproudtobeaBlueJay.

boardoftrusteesLowercase:theJohnsHopkinsUniversityboardoftrustees.

BritishspellingsUseaBritishspellingonlywhenitappearsintheformalname:TheatreArtsandStudiesProgram,DepartmentofOrthopaedicSurgery.IfthewordwiththeBritishspellingismentionedelsewhereintheparagraphorstoryandisnotpartofaformalname,usetheAmericanspelling,despitetheinconsistency.

C

campusLowercase:Homewoodcampus,EastBaltimorecampus,MountWashingtoncampus.Exception:MontgomeryCountyCampus.

canceled,canceling,canceling,cancellation

capitalizationOnsecondreference,wordssuchas“university,”“school,”“hospital,”“institute,”“department,”“center”shouldnotbecapped.Exceptions:theConservatory,thePreparatory,thePress,theLaboratory/theLab(forAPL),theAcademy(aninstituteforadvancedstudyforretiredprofessors),theBeach(lawninfrontoftheEisenhowerLibrary).

Examplesbelow.

lowercase Uppercaseacademicterms(alsocalledsessions):summer,fallI,fallII,intersession,springI,springII

theCommittee,theCurriculumCommittee,ManagementCouncil

instructor theSchool,theSchool’spart-time,full-time(withhyphen) Dean,ViceDeanfaculty Turnitinprogram March2015AnnualProgressReport

catalog,catalogingNotcatalogue,cataloguing.

cellphone

CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionCDCistheacronym.

Classof2016Capitalize“Class.”

colonCapitalizethefirstwordafteracolononlyifitisapropernounorthestartofacompletesentence.

commaUseaserialcomma(i.e.,beforeandinaseries):theschoolsofMedicine,Nursing,andPublicHealth.Ifaserialcommadoesnotappearinapropername(DepartmentofFamily,PopulationandReproductiveHealth),donotaddit.

CommencementCapitalizeitwhenreferringtotheuniversity’send-of-yearceremonies.AlsocapitalizeCommencementDay.Theceremonycanalsobereferredtoasgraduationinsecondreference.

compositiontitlesForcapitalizationstyle,followAPandcapitalizetheprincipalwords,includingprepositionsandconjunctionsoffourormoreletters.Forguidelinesonitalicizingtitles,followCMOS.Operas,oratorios,tonepoems,andotherlongmusicalcompositionsareitalicizedandgivenstandardtitlecapitalization(Chicago8.189,8.190).Ifaninstrumentalworkisknownbyitsgenericname(symphony,concerto,quartet,etc.),itshouldnotbeitalicizedorputinquotationmarks(Beethoven’sNinthSymphony,Verdi’sRequiem).Descriptivetitles(e.g.,Beethoven’ssymphoniesPastoraland Eroica)areitalicized.Forpermissiblechangestotitles,seeChicago8.163.

Anofficialalbumtitleisitalicized(Chicago8.192).Songsandothershortermusicalcompositionsaresetinromanandenclosedinquotationmarks,capitalizedinthesamewayaspoems(Chicago8.189).

Booksandperiodicalsareitalicizedandcapitalizedheadline-style(Chicago8.166).Moviesandtelevisionandradioprogramsandseriesareitalicized.Asingleepisodeinatelevisionorradioseriesissetinromanandenclosedinquotationmarks(Chicago8.185).

corp.Abbreviatewhenanameendswith“corporation”(JohnsHopkinsHealthSystemCorp.);spellelsewhere(theCorporationforPublicBroadcasting).

co-sponsor

co-manager

coursetitlesDonotitalicizecoursetitlesorusequotationmarksaroundthem.

coursework

cross-disciplinary,crosssection

D

dataWhentheworddatareferstoseparateelements,usepluralverbsandpronouns:Datahavebeencollectedfrommanycountries.Whenthewordfunctionsasacollectivenoun,usesingularverbsandpronouns:Thedatayoucollectedishelpfulinthisproject.

database

D.C.PeriodsshouldbeusedtoseparateD.C.asinWashington,D.C.

degreesCapitalizethemainwordsinthenamesofdegreeswhentheyarespelledoutandcapitalizeabbreviationsofdegrees.(Note:Therearenospacesbetweenelements.)

BachelorofArts--BABachelorofScience—BSMasterofArts—MAMasterofScience—MSDoctorofPhilosophy—PhD

(Note:TheCareyBusinessSchoolprefersthatdegreesarenotabbreviatedwithperiods;e.g.,MBA,BA,MA,etc.)

Capitalizationofnamesofdegreesshouldmatchtheregistrar'sofficialdegreelist.Iftheofficialdegreenamecontainsthewords“ofScience,”thedisciplineiscapitalized.(RefertotheBachelorofArtsinEnglish,nottheBachelorofArtsdegreeinEnglishortheBachelor'sdegreeinEnglish.)Similarrulesapplytoreferencesmadetomaster'sanddoctoraldegrees.

Donotcapitalizeacademicdegreesusedinageneralsense.Notethatbachelor'sandmaster'sendin's.

abachelor'sdegreeamaster'sdegreeadoctoraldegreeoradoctorate

Inreferencestodegrees,theword“degree”isnevercapitalized.SheearnedherMasterofFinancedegree.

Makepluralabbreviationsofdegreeswiths(noapostrophe).MAs,PhDs,JDs

Capitalizenamesorabbreviationsofacademicdegreesandhonorsfollowingapersonalname.

JohnDoe,DoctorofLawJohnDoe,MDJamesTrillburn,WoodrowWilsonFellow

DegreesconferredatinstitutionsotherthanJohnsHopkinsmayfollowadifferentstyle.Verifydegreenamestopreservecorrectcapitalization,abbreviation,andpunctuationstyle.Whentheyfollowaperson'sname,qualifierssuchasPhDandMDareprecededbyacomma.Asecondcommafollowsthequalifierinrunningtext:

TheopeningremarksbyRossDaley,PhD,setthetonefortheconference.

dialogue

E

earthGenerallylowercase;capitalizewhenusedasthepropernameoftheplanet.Sheisdown-to-earth.HowdoesthepatternapplytoMars,Jupiter,Earth,thesun,andthemoon?

TheastronautslookeddownupontheEarthfromspace.Hehopestomoveheavenandearth.PeterOlsonisaprofessorofEarthandplanetarysciences.

editor-in-chiefUsehyphensandcapitalizethenounswhenitistheformaltitlebeforeaname.Otherexamplesareartist-in-residenceandsurgeon-in-chief.

emailInprintedworks,itisoftennecessarytobreakanemailaddressorauniformresourceidentifiersuchasaURLattheendofaline.Suchabreakshouldbemadebetweenelementsifatallpossible:afteracolonoradoubleslash;beforeorafteranequalssignoranampersand;orbeforeasingleslash,aperiod,oranyotherpunctuationorsymbols.Toavoidconfusion,anaddressthatcontainsahyphenshouldneverbebrokenatthehyphen;norshouldahyphenbeaddedtobreakanemailaddressorURL.Ifaparticularlylongelementmustbebrokentoavoidaseriouslylooseline,itshouldbebrokenbetweensyllablesaccordingtotheguidelinesofferedabove(Chicago7.42).

emdashEmdashesaremostoftenusedinpairsinHopkinspublicationstosetoffaphrase:Morethan1,000membersoftheuniversitycommunity—deans,trustees,faculty,staff,students,andalumni—helpedrefinetheplan.Forafullerdiscussion,seeChicago6.82.

endashEndashesareusedwithinclusivenumbers(pages8–10,theyears2012–13)andinplaceofahypheninacompoundadjectivewhenoneofitselementsiscompound:aNobelPrize–winningastrophysicist,theJohnsHopkins–ledstudy,UniversityofWisconsin–Madison.Anabbreviatedcompound,likeU.S.,istreatedasasinglewordandthereforeusesahyphen,ratherthananendash,incompounds.Asinglewordorprefixshouldbejoinedtoahyphenatedcompoundbyanotherhyphenratherthananendash;iftheresultisawkward,reword(Chicago6.80):atwo-thirds-fullauditorium;better,anauditoriumthatwastwo-thirdsfull.

erasUseeitherofthefollowingsystems,butbeconsistent:CE(oftheCommonEra)andBCE(beforetheCommonEra);orBC(beforeChrist)andAD(annoDomini,intheyearoftheLord).

EuropeanUnionSpellonfirstreference,thenuseEU(noperiods).

euro,euros

exhibitionsItalicizetitlesofexhibitions.

F

fall,fallsemesterLowercasereferencestoseasonsandacademicperiods.

FellsPointTheMarylandHistoricalSocietyandtheLibraryofCongressspellFellsPointwithoutanapostropheandregardthisformastheproperspellingoftheBaltimoreneighborhood.However,thespellingofFell’sPointisalsocommonlyaccepted,includingbytheJHUstyleguide.

-foldWriteoutallnumbers:fourfold,tenfold,hundredfold.

follow-up(noun,adjective),followup(verb)

foreignwordsIfforeignwordsarelistedinAPorWebster’s,donotitalicizethem.Seealsoaccentmarks.

foreignstudentsThephrase“internationalstudents”ispreferred.

from…toWhen“from”introducesarange,theword“to”mustcompleteit:Theseminarisfrom11a.m.to3p.m.Usingahypheninsteadof“to”isincorrect.

functionalunitsDonotuse“departments,”use“functionalunits.”Usetheampersand(&)whenappropriate.Examplesbelow.

Admissions OfficeofMarketing&Communications

Teaching&Learning@Carey

Dean’sOffice StudentServices OfficeofEducationFaculty&Research CareerDevelopmentOffice OperationsFinancialAid Development&Alumni

RelationsRegistrar

InformationTechnology FinanceOfficeofDataManagement

HumanResources

fundraiser,fundraising

G

gender-neutrallanguageHelpfultechniquesforachievinggender-neutrallanguagearelistedinChicago5.225and5.227.“Chairman”and“chairwoman”areacceptablewhentheyrefertospecificpeople;otherwiseuse“chair.”

globalUseglobalandnot"multinational"(ex:globalemployers).Theword“global”shouldnotbecapitalizedunlessusedaspartofthepropername--i.e.,GlobalMBA.H

Hanukkah

headlinesJohnsHopkinsMagazineusesupper-andlowercaseheadlinestyles.Forlowercasestyle,followAPStylebook,headlines;foruppercase,seeChicago8:157.Afewpoints:Capitalizeprepositionsoffourormoreletters.Encloseinsinglequotationmarkstitlesandotherwordsthatarenormallyitalicized.Usesingleinsteadofdoublequotationmarksinheadlinesandcallouts.Designershavefreereininheadlinesoffeaturesanddonotneedtofollowtheserules.

healthcareTwowordsunlessspelledasonewordintheofficialtitleofanorganization,bill,etc.Donothyphenateasanadjective.

homepageTwowords.

HomewoodSchoolsThistermreferstotheSchoolofArtsandSciencesandtheSchoolofEngineering.Ifpossible,avoidthisdesignation.

hyphenCompounds:BothAPandChicagopreferasparehyphenationstyle.Ifnosuitableexampleoranalogycanbefoundineitherstylebook(APPunctuationsection,under“hyphen,”andChicago7.85)orinthedictionary,hyphenateonlyifdoingsowillaidreadability.

Hyphenate“andahalf”onlyifusedasacompoundadjective:oneandahalfinches,aone-and-a-half-inchhem.

Donothyphenate“then”asanadjective:thenSovietRussia.Donothyphenatenumber+percentage:a10percentraise.

Donothyphenatedollaramount:Shesigneda10-year,$250millioncontract.

Donothyphenatecertainwords,evenwhenusedasadjectives:highschoolclass,healthcarelaw.

Donothyphenate“very”andadverbsendingin–ly:ahighlyregardedauthor,averygoodstudent.

Whenacompoundmodifierfollowstheverb“tobe,”hyphenateit:Herworkiswell-regarded.

FollowAPstyleandMerriam-Webster,butnotesomeexceptions.Examplesbelow.

I

i.e.ore.g.Donotuseitalicsanddofollowwithacomma(Ex.:seminarsandrecruitingactivities.

incorporatedAbbreviateandcapitalizeas“Inc.”whenusedasapartofacorporatename.Donotsetoffwithcommas:TimeWarnerInc.announceditsnewplan.

initialsIfanentirenameisabbreviated(e.g.,MLK,JFK),omitspacesandperiods(Chicago10.12;seealso7.62).Whenanindividualusesinitialsinsteadofafirstname(e.g.,E.L.Doctorow,H.L.Mencken),useperiodswithnospacebetweentheinitials.Useasingleinitial(e.g.,J.Jones)onlywhenitistheindividual’spreferenceorafirstnamecannotbelearned.

InternetTheword“internet”shouldnotbecapitalized.

IntersessionCapitalizewhenreferringtotheacademictermduringwinterbreak.

InstituteforHealthandSocialPolicyFormerlytheInstituteforPolicyStudies.

italicsInadditiontothewordstobeitalicizedthatarelistedincompositiontitlesandpaintings,statues,andsuch,namedblogs,shipsandothervessels(butnotabbreviationsUSSorHMS),exhibitions,andsymposiumseriesneedtobeitalicized.

Nohyphen Hyphen Exceptionsonline fine-tune onsitelifelong,weeklong,daylong part-time,full-timeextracurricular,cocurricular hour-longschoolwidecoursework tenure-track(adj.)dualdegreeprogramdecisionmaking(nounorverb)

decision-making(adj.)

universitywide

J

JohnsHopkinsatGreenSpringStation,JohnsHopkinsatEastern,JohnsHopkinsatKeswick,JohnsHopkinsatMountWashington

JohnsHopkinsBermanInstituteofBioethicsSupportedbySPH,JHM,JHN,andKSAS;servestheentireuniversityandhealthsystem.

JohnsHopkinsHealthSystemThecomponentsofthehealthsystemareasfollows:

JohnsHopkinsHealthSystemCorp.JohnsHopkinsHospitalJohnsHopkinsBayviewMedicalCenterJohnsHopkinsCommunityPhysiciansJohnsHopkinsEmployerHealthProgramsHowardCountyGeneralHospitalSibleyMemorialHospitalSuburbanHospitalAllChildren’sHospital

TheJohnsHopkinsHealthSystemCorp.isalegalentitythatemploysmore than 1,060peoplewhosupportseverallegalentitieswithservicesthatincludeLegal,Finance,HumanResources,andCompliance.Thecorporationwhollyownsthesubsidiariesofthehealthsystem.TheSchoolofMedicine,JohnsHopkinsHealthCare,andtheJohnsHopkinsHomeCareGrouparepartofJohnsHopkinsMedicinebutnotpartofthehealthsystem.Note:“JohnsHopkinsHealthCare”iscorrect.

JohnsHopkinsInstitutionsTheuseofthistermisdiscouraged.Itissometimesusedtorefercollectivelytothefollowingentities:

JohnsHopkinsUniversityJohnsHopkinsHealthSystemCorp.JohnsHopkinsHospitalJohnsHopkinsBayviewMedicalCenterJohnsHopkinsCommunityPhysiciansJohnsHopkinsEmployerHealthProgramsHowardCountyGeneralHospitalSibleyMemorialHospitalSuburbanHospitalAllChildren’sHospitalJohnsHopkinsHealthCareJohnsHopkinsHomeCareGroupandsubsidiaries

JohnsHopkinsMedicineInternational

JohnsHopkinsMedicalInstitutionsThistermissometimesusedtorefercollectivelytotheJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicine,theJohnsHopkinsHospital,theJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofPublicHealth,andtheJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofNursing.

JohnsHopkinsMedicineComponentsofJohnsHopkinsMedicineincludethefollowing:

JohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicineJohnsHopkinsHealthSystemCorp.JohnsHopkinsHospitalJohnsHopkinsBayviewMedicalCenterJohnsHopkinsCommunityPhysiciansJohnsHopkinsEmployerHealthProgramsHowardCountyGeneralHospitalSibleyMemorialHospitalSuburbanHospitalAllChildren’sHospitalJohnsHopkinsHealthCareJohnsHopkinsHomeCareGroupandsubsidiariesJohnsHopkinsMedicineInternational

JohnsHopkinsUniversitydivisions

JohnsHopkinsCareyBusinessSchoolTheschool’sformalnameistheJohnsHopkinsUniversityCareyBusinessSchoolortheJohnsHopkinsCareyBusinessSchool.Theschoolshouldnotbereferredtoasthe“SchoolofBusiness,”orthe“W.P.CareySchoolofBusiness,”whichispartofArizonaStateUniversity.Theschool’snamecanbeshortenedonsecondreferenceasfollows:CareyBusinessSchool,CareySchool,or Carey.

Theacronym“CBS” should not be usedforbrevityuponsecondreferenceoftheCareyBusinessSchool,nor shoulditbeusedinmarketing,advertising,socialmedia,orfor otherbranding-relateduses.“CBS”shouldnotbeusedtoshortenthenameofafunctionalunitwithintheschool.(Ex.:CBSHumanResources,CBSMarketing,CBSCommunications.)

Otherdivisionalnamesarefollowedbyshortenedformsandacronyms.

• TheJohnsHopkinsUniversityZanvylKriegerSchoolofArtsandSciences:KriegerSchoolofArtsandSciences,theKriegerSchool,theSchoolofArtsandSciences,KSAS.

• TheJohnsHopkinsUniversityWhitingSchoolofEngineering:theG.W.C.Whiting

SchoolofEngineering,theWhitingSchoolofEngineering,theWhitingSchool,theSchoolofEngineering,WSE.

• ThePeabodyInstituteofTheJohnsHopkinsUniversity:Peabody.Itsdivisionsare

thePreparatoryandtheConservatory.

• ThePaulH.NitzeSchoolofAdvancedInternationalStudiesofTheJohnsHopkins

University:SAIS,JohnsHopkinsSAIS.

• TheJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofEducation:SOE.

• TheJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicine:Medicine,SOM.

• TheJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofNursing:Nursing,SON.

• TheJohnsHopkinsBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth:BloombergSchool,School

ofPublicHealth,JHSPH(neverBSPH),SPH.

• TheJohnsHopkinsUniversityAppliedPhysicsLaboratory:APL,theLaboratory,

theLab.

JohnsHopkinsUniversity–NanjingUniversityCenterforChineseandAmericanStudies(Hopkins-NanjingCenter)

JohnsHopkinsUniversitypresident’snamePresidentDanielscanbereferredtoaseitherRonaldJ.DanielsorRonDaniels,dependingontheformalityofthecontext.(Notethecapitalizationstyle:HespokewithuniversityPresidentRonDanielsatthedinner.)

JohnsHopkinsUniversity/JohnsHopkinsHospitalInrunningcopy,theuniversityandhospitaldonotneedtoretainthecapitalized“The”traditionallyusedwiththeirformalnames.Instand-alonecopy,however,itisoftenappropriatetokeepthecapitalized“The.”WhenusedasshortenedformsofJHUandJHH,“university”and“hospital”shouldnotbecapitalized.ThepreferredshortenednameoftheuniversityandhospitalisJohnsHopkinsratherthanHopkins.

jointvs.separatepossessionWhentwonouns“possess”thesamething,theyareconsideredaunit,andonlythesecondelementtakesthepossessiveform:MichaelWillisandRobertHathaway’sNewSecurityChallengesinAsiaisavailablefromJohnsHopkinsUniversityPress(thebookwasco-editedbyWillisandHathaway).Whentwonounspossessdifferentthings,bothnounstakethepossessiveform:RogerHart’sandWilliamTurkel’snewbooksarealsoavailablefromthePress(Chicago7.22).

Jr.,Sr.Abbreviatejuniorandsenioronlywithfullnamesofpersons.DonotusecommasaroundJr.orSr.:MartinLutherKingJr.Commemoration.

justificationTextshouldalignedtotheleftandraggedontheright.Donotusejustifiedtext.

L

lifelong

lifesaving

light-years

-likeHyphenateonlyiftheletterLwouldbetripledorifthemainwordisapropernoun:TheHomewoodcampushas140parklikeacres.

long-standing,long-term,longtime

M

magnacumlaudeTheAPstylemanualstatesthatmagnacumlaudeandsummacumlaudeshouldbelowercasedunlessstartingasentence.Thetermsshouldnotitalicized.

-makingDecisionmaking(nounform),thedecision-makingprocess,decision-maker,butpolicymaking,policymakerandfilmmaking,filmmaker.

MarylandInstituteCollegeofArtItsacronym,MICA,isacceptableonfirstreference.

MountVernon

movietitlesSeecompositiontitles.

Mt.WashingtonConferenceCenter(ButMountWashingtoncampus).

N

nameddeanshipsBenjaminT.RomeDeanoftheWhitingSchoolofEngineering;JamesB.KnappDeanoftheKriegerSchoolofArtsandSciences;FrancesWattBaker,M.D.,andLenoxD.BakerJr.,M.D.,DeanoftheMedicalFaculty;SheridanDeanofUniversityLibrariesandMuseums.

nameddepartmentsMortonK.BlausteinDepartmentofEarthandPlanetarySciences(KSAS),HenryA.RowlandDepartmentofPhysicsandAstronomy(KSAS),W.HarryFeinstoneDepartmentofMolecularMicrobiologyandImmunology(SPH),SolomonH.SnyderDepartmentofNeuroscience(SOM),RussellH.MorganDepartmentofRadiologyandRadiologicalScience(SOM).

namedprofessorshipsCapitalizenamedprofessorships:PhillipPhanistheAlonzoandVirginiaDeckerProfessorofStrategyandEntrepreneurship.NotethatoneCareyprofessorholdsachair:KoWangholdstheR.ClaytonEmoryChairinRealEstateandInfrastructure.Itisalsoacceptabletosay:PhillipPhanistheDeckerProfessorinStrategyandEntrepreneurship.Foracompletelistofnamedprofessorships,deanships,anddirectorships,gotowebapps.jhu.edu/namedprofessorships.

nameswithunusualcapitalizationNamesofcompanies,organizations,ormagazinesthatuseallcapsintheirlogosandletterheadmayfollowanupper-andlowercasestyle:Timemagazine,notTIME;theRandCorp.,nottheRANDCorp.NamessuchaseBay,iTunes,andiPoddonotneedtheirinitialletterscappedatthebeginningofasentence.Nameswithcapsinthemiddleshouldretainthosecaps:GlaxoSmithKline,InstituteforNanoBioTechnology.

NIHinstitutes,offices,andcentersForalistoftheinstitutes,seeAPunderNationalInstitutesofHealth;formoreinformation,gotonih.gov/icd/index.html.

NGONongovernmentalorganization.Spelloutatfirstuse,thenuseacronym(donotplaceacronyminparenthesesatfirstuse).PerAP,useNGOsparingly.

No.1APstyleusestheabbreviationwithafiguretoindicatepositionorrank.

NobellaureateSeeAPunderNobelPrize,NobelPrizesforafulldiscussion.

nonprofit(n.andadj.)

nonsexistlanguageAvoidwordsandusagethatreinforcesexiststereotypes.Donotuse“he”asanall-inclusivepronoun.“Heorshe”canbeused,butthefollowingsolutionsarepreferable:

• Changethesubjecttothepluralanduse“they,”makingsurethereisverb/nounagreement.

• Changethesingularthird-personreference(he/she)tothesecondperson(you).• Useneutralwordstoreplacepersonalpronouns(suchas“one”or“several”).• Repeatthenounoruseasynonym.• Revisethesentencetoeliminatethepronounaltogether.

ConsultTheHandbookofNonsexistWritingbyCaseyMillerandKateSwift,publishedbyBarnes&Noble,NewYork.Seegender-neutrallanguage.

numeralsFollowAPstyle:Ages:Alwaysusenumerals.

Grades:FollowAPrulesforordinalnumbers(e.g.,fifthgrade,12thgrade).

Scores(games,sports):Alwaysusenumerals.

Useacommatoseparatehoursandminutes:SusanBrownSmithcompletedtheracein3hours,45minutes(not3hoursand45minutes).

Dimensions,formulas,andspeeds:Alwaysusenumerals:5feet6inchestall.But:Hedrovefourmiles.

Percentages:Forpercentages,“percent”shouldbewrittenoutasonewordinformalcommunicationsandinrunningcopyratherthanusingthe%symbol.The%symbolmaybeappropriateforcharts,graphs,orgraphicartwork.(Ex.:Wehavereceived25percentofourdeposits.Sixty-sevenpercentofthestudentsareattendingthelecture.)

Ingeneral,numberslessthan10shouldbespelledout("oneperson,""twoyears,""threereports,"etc.).Numbers10andaboveshouldbeinnumerals("10people,""11years,""12reports,"etc.).

Forconsistency,numbersinthesamecategorymaykeepthesameform.(Ex.:Ofthestudentssurveyed,10respondedfavorablyand2respondedunfavorably.)

Otherexceptions:Ofthe100studentssurveyed,only3percentexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeevent.

P

pagenumbersWriteoutpageandusefigures:BusinessguruNormAugustine(interviewedin“StormsintheEconomicForecast,”page16)offersaprescriptionforenhancingU.Scompetitiveness.

paintings,statues,andsuchTitlesofpaintings,drawings,photographs,statues,andotherworksofartareitalicized,whetherthetitlesareoriginal,addedbysomeoneotherthantheartist,ortranslated.Thenamesofworksofantiquity(whosecreatorsareoftenunknown)areusuallysetinroman(seeChicago8.193).

parttime/part-timeHyphenateasanadjectivebeforethenoun;otherwiseusetwowords.

JohnSmithgoestoschoolfulltimeandhasapart-timejob.Mostofourgraduatebusinessstudentsworkparttime.

PeabodyInstituteThePeabodyInstitutecomprisestwodivisions:theConservatoryandthePreparatory.RetaintheinitialcapsforConservatoryandPreparatory.

PeaceCorpsNotethattheterm“returnedPeaceCorpsvolunteers”isoftenabbreviatedasRPCVsonsecondreference.

percent(Seenumeral).

periodspacingUseonlyonespaceafteraperiodtostartthenextsentence.

pluralofLatinnounsUsetheformthatWebster’slistsfirst:curricula,colloquia,symposiums.

possessionSeejointvs.separatepossession.

possessivesThreeexamplestonoteinJohnsHopkinsusage:campus’s,SAIS’,andJohnsHopkins’.SeeAPpossessivesforacompletediscussion.

pre-Hyphenatetheprefixpre-whenthecompounditcreatesisnotlistedinAPorWebster’sorisapropernoun:pre-JulyFourthcelebration,pre-retirementparty.Inmostcases,hyphenatetoavoidadoublevowel(perAP):pre-existing,pre-eminent,pre-empt,pre-exist.Exception:preeclampsia.

premiere/premierPremiere(noaccent,perAP)canfunctionasanounmeaningfirstperformance,asanadjectivemeaningtheleadorfirstperformer,orasaverbmeaningtogiveafirstperformance.Premieriseitheranadjectiveoranoun:Asanadjective,itmeanschief,key,firstinimportance.(Ex.:ThisdiscoveryisofpremierimportancetopeoplewithALS.)Asanoun,itisusedforthetitleoftheprimeministerofcertaincountries.

ProgramsWhendiscussingprogramsinthereport,theyshouldbementionedinthefollowingorder:MBA(Global,Flex,Executive),MS,BBA.

Lowercaseprogram(ex.:WhiletheEMBAprogramhasbarelyenoughcohorts…)

Lowercasespecializedmaster'sdegreeprogramsandbachelor’sdegree.NamesofprogramsshouldmatchtheCareywebsitehttp://carey.jhu.edu(ex.:"MSinMarketing").

MBAprograms(Full-Time(Global,“GMBA”),Part-Time(Flex),Executive)MSprograms(EnterpriseRiskManagement,HealthCareManagement,Finance,InformationSystems,Marketing,RealEstateandInfrastructure)BBAprogram.

Carey'sfourverticalsare:RealEstateandInfrastructure,HealthCareManagement,EnterpriseRiskManagement,andFinancialBusinesses.

WhenreferencingtheHealthCareprogram,makesurethereisaspacebetween“Health”and“Care”andbothwordsarecapitalized.

R

RoshHashana

S

Science+TechnologyParkatJohnsHopkins

servicecentersCapitalizeSponsoredProjects,AccountsPayable,FixedAssets,Payroll.

SheridanLibrariesTheyencompasstheBrodyLearningCommonsandtheMiltonS.EisenhowerLibrary,includingMSEL’scollectionsattheAlbertD.HutzlerReadingRoom(“theHut”)inGilmanHall,theJohnWorkGarrettLibraryatEvergreen,andtheGeorgePeabodyLibraryatMountVernonPlace.

shuttleLowercase:Homewood–JHMIshuttle.

smartphone

SpaceTelescopeScienceInstitute(STScI)

Sr.SeeJr.,Sr.

spring,springsemesterLowercasereferencestoseasonsandacademicperiods.startup,startupOnewordasanounoradjective;twowordsasaverb.

stateabbreviationsInrunningcopy,itispreferabletospelloutthenamesofstates.Whenabbreviationsofstatenamesarenecessary,followAPstyleanddonotusepostalcodesexceptinheadlineswithstatenamesthathavetwoparts(NJ,NY).Todecidewhetherastatenameisneeded,consultAPondatelines.PeriodsshouldbeusedtoseparateD.C.asinWashington,D.C.

St.PaulStreet

student-athlete

StudentConductCode

sub-Saharan

summacumlaude(seemagnacumlaude)

symposiumsItalicizetitlesofsymposiumsandputinromanandquotestheindividuallectureswithinthem.

T

televisionprogramtitlesSeecompositiontitles.

TheInrunningcopy,donotcapitalize“the”evenifitispartoftheformaltitleofacompany,division,oruniversity:K.T.RameshistheAlonzoG.DeckerJr.ProfessorofScienceandEngineeringattheJohnsHopkinsUniversity.

Exception:Newspapers,magazines,andbooksretainthecapitalized“The”:TheNewYorkTimes,TheNewYorker.Whennamesstandalone,asinaprogramorinvitation,

“The”wouldbecapped:TheJohnsHopkinsUniversity,TheCharlotteR.BloombergChildren’sCenter.SeealsoJohnsHopkinsUniversity/JohnsHopkinsHospital.

theaterUsetheBritishspelling“Theatre”onlywhenitappearsintheformalname:TheatreArtsandStudiesProgram,JohnAstinTheatreintheMerrickBarn,DunbarBaldwinHughesTheatreCompany,SenatorTheatre.TheCharlesTheaterformerlyusedtheBritishspellingbutswitchedtotheAmericanspelling.

titledNot“entitled”whenreferringtobooks,plays,etc.:ValiNasr’snewbookistitledTheDispensableNation.

type2diabetes

U

universitynamesInrunningcopy,lowercaseTheevenifit’sincludedintheformalnameofauniversity:theOhioStateUniversity.(SeealsoJohnsHopkinsUniversity/JohnsHopkinsHospitalandThe.)Whenthenameofauniversityincludesalocation,followthepracticeofthatschool.Iftheuniversityusesacommaandthenameoccursmidsentence,putcommasbothbeforeandafterthelocation:

AttheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,pollardedLondonplanetreesframetheviewoftheCampanile.

Iftheuniversityuses"at,"retainit:UniversityofTexasatAustin.Iftheuniversityusesahyphen,changeittoanendashbecauseoneoftheelementswillbecompound:UniversityofWisconsin–Madison.Iftheuniversityusesneitheraprepositionnoracomma,followthatstyle:UniversityofColoradoBoulder.Seealsoendash.

URLAlthoughitisnotwrongtoincludethephrases“http://”and“www”whengivingURLs,itisnotnecessarytodoso.

U.S.Inheadlinesandcopy,useperiods;anexceptiontoAPstyle.

V

verbs,singularorpluralSomeJohnsHopkinsentitieswithpluralnamestakesingularverbs,otherspluralones.Someexamples:TheFriendsoftheLibrariesisholdingameeting.TheJohnsHopkinsMedicalInstitutionsareinEastBaltimore.TheSheridanLibrariesencompasstheBrodyLearningCommonsandtheMiltonS.EisenhowerLibrary,includingMSEL’scollectionsattheAlbertD.HutzlerReadingRoominGilmanHall,the

JohnWorkGarrettLibraryatEvergreenMuseum,andtheGeorgePeabodyLibraryatMountVernonPlace.TwootheragenciesthatappearfrequentlyinJHUpublicationsaretheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionandtheNationalInstitutesofHealth.Bothtakeasingularverbwheneithertheformalnameortheacronymisused.vicepresidentUsefor,notof,asthepreposition:vicepresidentforcommunications,vicepresidentforhumanresources.WwaitlistWashingtonDCCenterThepropernameoftheCareyBusinessSchool’sWashington,D.C.,location.websiteAlsowebcam,webcast,andwebmaster.Butasashortformandintermswithseparatewords,“theweb,”“webpage,”and“webfeed.”Donotitalicizeorputinquotesthenamesofwebsites.workforceWork,LifeandEngagementYyear-endyearlongyearinschoolDonotcapitalizethewords“freshman,”“sophomore,”“junior,”“senior,”or“graduate”whentheyrefertotheyearinwhichacourseistobetakenortotheclassificationofthestudent.