JAPAN SPARKS THE WARAbby Amos, Emily Bates, Lauren Betten, and Leanna Marciano

Japan’s Secrets1) America intercepted and coded a secret

message used by Japan, they were going to take over Southeast Asia.

2) America controlled the Philippine Islands and Guam

a) America figured that if Japan attacked Europe, then their land would be their land would be threatened.

America Acting on the Problem1) America aided China with supplies to

support their resistance2) Japanese overran French Indochina

(Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos)3) (July 1914) Roosevelt cut off the oil supply

to Japan so they wouldn’t be able to attack

a) Japan wouldn’t let U.S. or Europe get to them, so they held surprise attacks

b) Japan’s first victims were the British and Dutch

Isoroku Yamamoto

One of Japan’s Greatest Strategist

1) He called an attack on the U.S. fleet in Hawaii

a) Yamamoto called Hawaii “a dagger at Japan’s throat that must be destroyed”

December 7, 1941Pearl Harbor

1) Japan’s secret message (once again) warned America about an attack against them

a) America didn’t know where or when the attack would be expected

2) The Attacka) In two hours, 19 ships (including 8

battleships) were sunk or damagedb) More than 2,300 Americans were

killed, and 1,100 were wounded

ContinuedPearl Harbor

3) After the Attacka) Roosevelt addressed congress due to the

scare of the American citizens brought on by Japan’s attack

i. He declared that the date would live in infamy b) Attack brought America into war

Japan’s Winning Streak1) America was distracted with Pearl

Harbor(just as Japan wanted) so they weren’t keeping a close eye on what was happening on their other territories

2) Guam and Wake Islands were taken over right away

ContinuedJapan’s winning streak

3) British territory in Asiaa) By February 1942, Japan already had control

of Hong Kong, Malaya, and Singapore.b) Dutch East Indies (Indonesia), which includes

Java, Sumatra, Bornea, and Celebsc) Burma

i. Once Burma fell, Japan had control of more than 1 million square miles in Asia (where 150 million citizens)

Douglas McArthur (1880- 1964) Commander of the Allied land forces in the

Pacific. Developed a plan to handle the Japanese troops

who had dug in on hundreds of islands across the ocean

Believed that raiding each island would be a long, costly effort

Wanted to “island-hop” past Japanese strongholds, then seize the islands that were not well defended but were closer to Japan

First target was Guadalcanal

V.I.P.

Major Battles

1. The Battle of Coral Sea a) Both sides used naval warfareb) Opposing ships did not fire a single shot

due to the fact that they could not see each other

c) Huge aircraft carriers attacked the ships. d) Allies managed to stop Japan’s southward

advance.

BattlesContinued

2) The Battle of Midway (June 4-June 7, 1942):

a) Midway Island is the location of a key American airfield.

b) Admiral Chester Nimitz, commander in chief of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, developed a plan

c) American pilots destroyed 332 Japanese planes, all 4 aircraft carriers, and 2 support ships

d) Yamamoto ordered his crippled fleet to withdraw.

Battlescontinued

3) The Battle of Guadalcanal (August 7, 1942)

a) Japanese were building a huge air base on the island of Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands.

b) Marines had little trouble seizing Guadalcanal’s airfield

c) In February 1943, the 6 month battle of fighting on land and in the water finally ended

d) Japanese abandoned what they came to call “The Island of Death”.

The Bataan Death March (BDM)1) 70-mile march from Mariveles (tip of

Bataan) to San Fernando2) The Philippines

a) (January 1942) Japan marched in to Malia, their capital

b) American and Filipino at Bataan Peninsula c) Japan took over Bataan 3 months later d) Another month later, they had control of

Corregidor (where the Philippine government moved to, just south of the peninsula)

Extra Fact!Japan felt surrendering was a dishonorable thing to do

Japan Surrendering in

1945

Hiroshima Bombing 1) Statistics

a) August 6, 1935b) exploded 580 meters in the air c) powered by 855 grams of uranium d) Released 15,000 tons of TNTe) gamma rays remained dangerous for 20

seconds f) fireball diameter of 410 meters one

second after attack g) shock wave at edge went 11 kilometers

in 30 seconds

Causes of death for citizens:

Extra Fact!567th telegram is currently the last one that protested against a underground testing by the U.S. in February, 1999.

Hiroshima Bombing

This is a picture of some of the certificates of Death of the citizens of Hiroshima after the Bombing

Extra Fact!Little Boy wasn’t the first nuclear explosion, but it was the first bomb used for an attack

August 9, 1945The Nagasaki Bombing

1) Second bomb dropped within three days on Japan

a) dropped by parachute by an American B29 Bomber at 11:02 local time

2) Exploded about 1,625 ft above the ground a) The bomb destroyed the city

i. This was one of Japan's most important ports3) America warned Japan that they would attack

"again and again" unless they stoppeda) More than 3 million leaflets were dropped over

the country to ensure they understood

Bombs

1) Little Boy a) 9,700 lbsb) 10 feet long, 28 in.

thickc) Fired by Colonial Paul

Tippets d) Developed by the

Manhattan project2) Failure

a) Wasn’t tested before use

b) Supply of uranium was too small

1) Fat Mana) 10,200 lbsb) 21,000 tons of

TNTc) 10.6 feet long, 5

feet thickd) Fired by Major

Charles W. Sweeney

2) Successful

Extra Fact!Kokura was the primary target but because of the cloud cover over Kokura and low fuel, the crew decided to go to Nagasaki.

Quiz Time!1) What was the nickname of the Nagasaki

bomb?a) “Little Boy”b) “Thin Boy’c) “Big Man”d) “Fat Man”

2) What year was the first bomb dropped?a) 1931b) 2045c) 1945d) 1831

3) What was the name of the 70-mile march?a) Bataan Death Marchb) Bowlet Marchc) American-Filipino Marchd) March of Death

4) Who was Japan’s greatest strategist?a) Isoroku Yamamotob) Paul Tippetc) John Sweeneyd) Imosaki Pafadimo

5) What Islands did Japan take over immediately following Pearl Harbor?

a) Panama and Jamaicab) Guam and The Philippinesc) Costa Rica and Guamd) Indonesia and Papa New Guinea

Short Answer:6. Name two of the three major battles.7. What were some of the obstacles that the

American and Filipino troops faced during the BDM?

8. Why was the Nagasaki bomb not dropped on Kokura?

Answers1) D2) C3) A4) A5) B6) Coral Sea, Midway, and Guadalcanal7) Malnourished, poorly treated, severely

dehydrated, and exhausted8) Too cloudy and low fuel

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