US-EU ReviewJuly 8, 2005Paris, France

Model-Integrated Computing (MIC)(or MDA, MDE, MDD, MBD,…)

Janos Sztipanovits & Gabor KarsaiISIS, Vanderbilt University

Model-Based Design

Model-based design focuses on the formal representation, composition, and manipulation of models during the design process.

Research Agenda in Model-Based Design

1. Composition of Domain Specific Modeling Languages

2. Model Transformation3. Model Synthesis

doTransition (fsm as FSM, s asState, t as Transition) =require s.activestep exitState (s)step if t.outputEvent <> null

then emitEvent (fsm, t.outputEvent)step activateState (fsm, t.dst)

Semantic Domain Meta-models

Domain Specific Modeling Languages (DSML)

SemanticDomain

S

AbstractSyntax

A

ConcreteSyntax

CParsing

SemanticMapping

ConceptsRelationsWell formed-nessrules

Mathematical abstraction for specifying the meaning of models

Notation forrepresenting models

L = < C, A, S, MS, MC>

MS

MC

Domain modelsInterchange Formats

Abstract Syntax Meta-models

MC

MS

DSML-s are the foundations for model-based design

Mission Control Platform (MCP) Tool Chain from “Above”

Abstract Syntax: Meta-Models Common Semantic Domain

Domain Models and Tool Interchange Formats

AIRES

PRISM ESML

ESMLCFG

ESMLAIF

Mission Control Platform Tool ChainSchedulability

Analysis

BoldStroke/PRISM CFG

ComponentStructure

ComponentInteractionThread

Models

ESMLGME

RationalRose

Component Model

SystemIntegration

ECSL-DPGME

SL/SF ECSL-DP

SimulinkStateFlow

SL/SFD

SE

Domain Models and Tool Interchange Formats

SC

A

MC2 MS2

DSML-2CS

A

MC1 MS1

DSML-1

DSML1DM DSML2DM

TransformationT

Constructing Design Flow: Modeling and Transformations

- Large influence of concrete syntax

- No clear role of semantics

- It is not clear what are we doing?

ECSL-DPGME

SL/SF ECSL-DP

SimulinkStateFlow

SL/SFD

SE

Domain Models and Tool Interchange Formats

ECSL-DP Meta-Model

SL/SFMeta-Model

SL/SFECSL-DP

SL/SFDESERT

Abstract Syntax: Meta-Models

ECSL-DP Meta-Model

Abstract Syntax Metamodeling

MDSML1,DSML2

MOFADSML1 MOFADSML2MTLTDSML1,DSM2

MOF UMT MOF

M12: MOFADSML1→MOFADSML2

-Gives structural semantics for the models

-Set-valued Semantic Domain for the metamodelsand transformations

SC

A

MC2 MS2

DSML-2CS

A

MC1 MS1

DSML-1

DSML1DM DSML2DM

TransformationT

Mission Control Platformat the “Middle” Layer

Abstract Syntax: Meta-Models Common Semantic Domain

Domain Models and Tool Interchange Formats

AIRES

RISM ESML

ESMLCFGL

ESMLAIF

Mission Control Platform Tool Chain

BoldStroke/PRISM CFG

ESMLGME

RationalRose

Abstract Syntax and Transformations: Meta-Models

PRISMMeta-Model

ECSL-DP Meta-Model

AIRESMeta-Model

CFGMeta-Model

PRISMESML

ESML-CFG

ESMLAIF

MOF MetaGMEAMOF

T1

GME-MOF GME/Meta

MetaGME

Metamodeling of MOF Using MetaGME

Metamodeling LanguagesMetamodeling of DSML

Using MOF

DSML MOFADSML

T2

MetaGMEADSML

T1

GME-DSML GME/Meta

Changing from GMEMeta to MOF

Metaprogrammable Tool Suite

GME

UDM

GReAT

• Simulators• Verifiers• Model Checkers• Generators

MetaModels

Generic Model EditorTool Suite

Open Tool IntegrationFramework

Model TransformationTool Suite

Unified Data Model

OTIF

BACKPLANE REGISTRATION/NOTIFICATION/TRANSFER SERVICES

SEMANTIC TRANSLATOR

SEMANTIC TRANSLATOR

TOOL

TOOL ADAPTOR

TOOL

TOOL ADAPTOR

TOOL

TOOL ADAPTOR MANAGER

Standard interface/ Protocol

METADATA

DESERTComponent

Abstraction (TA)Design SpaceModeling (MD)

Design SpaceEncoding (TE)

Design SpacePruning

Design Decoding

ComponentReconstruction

Design Space ExplorationTool Suite

Open Source; ESCHER maturation program (www.escherinstitute.org)

Ongoing Research on DSML-s and Model Transformations

Semantic Domain: Set-Valued

Domain modelsInterchange Formats

Abstract Syntax Meta-models

MC

MS

interface Eventstructure ModelEventimplements Eventcase ModelEvent1

Structural Semantics

• Compositional construction of Metamodels(inheritance, packages, libraries, operators)

• Compositional construction of Model Transformations

• Multiple Aspect Modeling and modeling ofaspect inter-dependences: - constraint-based,- transformation-based

• Formal semantics of transformations• Reasoning about properties of transformations• Platform modeling and use of embedded platform models in transformations

• Pushback reasoning in transformations• Generation of efficient code from graph transformations

• Transformations for embedded system platforms

• Using graph transformations for embedded component adaptation

• Embedding graph transformations in the run-time platform

Metamodeling and Model Transformation Use Cases

MS1= MS2○ M12

doTransition (fsm asFSM, s as State, t asTransition) =

Semantic Domain Meta-models

Domain modelsInterchange Formats

Abstract Syntax Meta-models

MC

MS

SC

A

MC2 MS2

DSML-2CS

A

MC1 MS1

DSML-1

DSML1DM DSML2DM

TransformationT

MDSML1,DSML2

MOFADSML1 MOFADSML2MTLTDSML1,DSM2

MOF MTL MOF

M12: MOFADSML1→MOFADSML2

MS2: ADSML2→S

MS1: ADSML1→S?

Behavioral Semantics

1. Transformational Specification of Behavioral Semantics

MDSMLi,SU

SC

A

MC2 MSU

SUCS

A

MC1 MSi

DSML-i

MOFADSMLi MOFASUMTLTDSMLi,SU

MOF MTL MOF

Mi: MOFADSMLi→MOFASU

TransformationT

MSU: ASU→S

MSi= Mi○ MSU Semantic “Units”DSML-i

doTransition (fsm asFSM, s as State, t asTransition) =

Semantic Domain Meta-models

Domain modelsInterchange Formats

Abstract Syntax Meta-models

MC

MS

2. Semantic Anchoring of DSML-s

-The “Semantic Units” areselected abstract semanticssuch as MoC-s

-DSML-s or their aspectsare anchored to the MoC-s using transforma-tions

-The “Semantic Units” arespecified in a formalframework

Metamodeling and Model Transformations Use Cases

More On Semantic Anchoring

• Step 1 – Define the DSML metamodel <A, C, Mc>

• Step 2 – Select a proper MoC as a “semantic unit” (MoC

library): Li = <Ai, Ci, MCi , Si , MSi > • Step 3

– Anchor the semantics: MA = A → Ai– DSML semantics: L = <A, C, Mc , Si , MA ○ MSi >

Experimental Framework

FSMInterpreter

AsmlSet-Valued + Abstract State Machine SD

FSMData Model

FSMData Inst.

MOFSet-Valued SD

T

FSMModel

HSMLModel t

FSMMetaModel

HSMLMetaModel

Syntax conversionExpressed in

Instance of

Host Language(Behavioral Semantics)Host Language

(Behavioral Semantics)

ModelTransf.

Model Transf.Spec.

Meta-metamodel(Set-Valued Semantics

ModelSimulation

ModelExecution

DSMLMetamodel

(Set-Valued Semantics)

DSMModel

(Set-Valued Semantics)

Host Language(Behavioral Semantics)

Metamodel(Set-Valued Semantics)

Semantic Domain(Behavioral Semantics)

ASMLTLA+

JAVA

MoC “Semantic Units”

Host Language(Behavioral Semantics)Host Language

(Behavioral Semantics)Model

SemanticsASML

TLA+JAVA

ModelVerification

Syntactic Level

Semantic Level

Translation

Long-Term Vision: Semantic Anchoring Architecture of DSML-s

M3 M2 M1

A “Semantic Unit” for Time Automata Based Modeling Languages

• Common semantic domain for varied timed automata based modeling languages:(In cooperation with VERIMAG)– Guard– Priority– Synchronization

S

C

A

MC

MS

Time Automata(AsmL Supported Semantics)

Time Automata Variants

Model Checker

Model Simulator

Test CaseGenerator

AsmL Tools

IF Lang.IF Lang.

TransformationT

SemanticAnchoring

UUPPAAL PPAAL Lang. Lang.

MoC Semantic Unit

GReAT ToolGReAT Tool

GME GME ToolsetToolset

S

C

A

MC

MS

“Evidence”: IF Metamodels

SC

A

MC MS

SU

MOFASU

MOF

MS3: MOFADSML1→MOFASU

MS: ASU→S

Semantic Unit(Common Semantic Domain)

MTL

TransformationT1

CS

A

MC1 MS1

DSML-1

MOFADSML1

MOF

DSML-1

MDSML1,SU

MTLTDSML1,SU

DSML1DM

SC

A

MS2 MC2

DSML-2

MOFADSML2

MOF

DSML-2

MTL

TransformationT2

MSU,DSML2

MTLTSU,DSML2

DSML2DM

Modeling Tool Analysis Tool

T=T2 ○ T1

3. Semantic Integration of Tools

MS1= MDSML1,SU○ MS MS= MSU, DSML2○ MS2

Metamodeling and Model Transformation Use Cases

Ongoing Cooperations

• Artist 2 (Prof. Sifakis, Verimag) - MIC-based modeling interface for IF;- Semantic Unit specification for Time Automata

- Modeling Language Design Environment

• DECOS (Prof. Kopetz, TUV)- MIC-based modeling environment for DECOS

- Automotive Design Tool Chain- DESERT Applications